JOHNA.SEAVERNS 


<^yh 


FRA.NK    FORRESTER'S 


HORSE  AND  HORSEMANSHIP 


UNITED   STATES 


BRITISH  PROVINCES  OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 

BY 

HENRY  WILLIAM  HERBEET, 

AUTHOK  OP 

"frank   forester's    field    sports,"    "fish    and    fishing," 
"the  complete  manual  for  young  sportsmen," 

ETC.,     etc.,     etc. 

EEVISED,    CORRECTED,    ENLARGED,    AND    C0NTINT7ED    TO    1871, 

BY 

S.  D.  &  B.   G.   BRUCE. 

WITH  THIRTY  ORIGINAL  PORTRAITS  OF  CELEBRATED   HORSES. 


IN    TWO    VOLUMES. 
VOL.    L 


NEW  YORK: 
GEO.    E.    WOODWARD,    PUBLISHER, 

191      B  R  O  A.  13  "VT"  A. -5^- - 

1871. 


lintered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1857,  by 

STRINGER  &  TOWNSEKD. 

In  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  the  United  States  for  the  Sou. hem  District  of 

New  Yorlj. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1871,  hy 

GEO.  E.  WOODWARD, 

In  the  Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress,  at  Washington. 


PUBLISHER'S    PREFACE. 


"TpOUETEEN"  years  have  elapsed  since  the  publication  of  the 
-^  first  edition  of  this  work,  during  whicli  time  it  has  been  an 
acknowledged  standard  authority. 

The  demand  for  a  revised  edition,  with  the  history  and  records 
of  recent  noted  horses,  has  induced  the  publisher  to  spare  no  ex- 
pense to  increase  its  well-earned  reputation. 

The  editorial  work  lias  been  thoroughly  well  done  by  Messrs, 
S.  D.  and  B.  G.  Beuce,  tlie  Vt'-ell-known  editors  of  the  Turf,  Field, 
and  Farm.  Pedigrees,  performances  and  importations  of  botli  thor- 
oughbred and  trotting  horses  have  been  revised  and  continued  to 
date,  and  complete  histories  and  performances  furnished  of  Asteroid, 
Kentucky,  Dexter,  Lady  Thorne,  Goldsmith  Maid,  Thorucdalc,  Ba- 
shaw, Jr.,  Eysdyk's  Hambletonian,  Ericsson,  Edward  Everett, 
Young  Morrill,  and  Imported  Leamington.  Twelve  new  steel 
engraved  portraits  of  the  most  famous  representative  horses  have 
been  added,  making  thirty  in  all. 

Thanks  are  due  to  P.  C.  Kellogg,  Esq.,  for  valuable  assist- 
ance kindly  rendered  ;  to  A.  J.  Alexander,  Esq.,  Messrs.  S.  D.  and 
B.  G.  Bruce,  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  Major  L.  Tilburn,  Eobert  Bon- 
ner, Esq.,  Edmund  Thorne,  Esq.,  S.  H.  Perkins,  Esq.,  Hon.  K.  C. 
Barker,  and  G.  H.  Andrews,  Esq.,  for  original  portraits  of  horses, 
from  which  engravings  have  beeu  made. 

New  Yokk,  Felrua^y,  1S71. 


INTRODUCTION. 


It  is  a  matter  worthy  of  note,  that  in  a  country  which,  perhaps, 
exceeds  any  other  in  the  civilized  world,  in  the  general  appre- 
ciation, and  general  nse,  among  all  classes  of  citizens,  and  in  all 
districts  of  the  land,  of  that  noble  animal.  The  Hoese,  there  is 
no  American  standard  work  on  the  subject. 

With  a  strain  of  thorough-blood,  derived  undoubtedly  from 
the  best  stock  of  the  mother  country,  but  now  entirely  acclimated, 
and  in  some  degree  altered  or  modified  by  climature  and  breed, 
and  trained  under  different  auspices,  subject  to  widely-different 
diseases,  the  consequence  of  different  temperatures  and  treat- 
ment, and  run  under  different  conditions  of  time,  weight,  and 
distance — in  a  word,  educated,  used  and  handled  under  circum- 
stances wholly  variant — we  have  been  contented,  hitherto,  to 
depend  absolutely  on  English  authorities. 

"We  have  no  history  of  the  Turf  of  America,  unless  such  as 
may  be  gleaned  from  the  chance  notices  of  daily  journals,  or  the 
statistical  information  to  be  culled  from  the  dry  details  of  the 
Stud  Book  and  Turf  Register,  or  from  reference  to  the  spirited 
and  glowing  race  records  of  "  The  Spirit  of  the  Times." 

With  an  entirely  new  application  of  the  j)owers  of  the  Horse 
in  trotting  and  pacing,  as  practised  exclusively  in  North  Amer- 
ica, producing  a  class  or  caste — I  cannot  consistently  term  it 


6  INTKODUCTION. 

strain  or  breed,  since  it  does  not  appear  that  blood  has  much,  if 
any  thing,  to  do  with  the  matter — of  animals,  in  all  respects  dis- 
tinct from  any  other  in  the  known  world,  of  surpassing  capabil- 
ities of  both  speed  and  endurance,  not  known,  not  understood, 
not  producible — one  might  say — by  existing  systems,  in  any 
other  country,  we  have  no  native  account  of  the  plan  by  which 
these  unrivalled  creatures  are  formed,  their  powers  developed, 
their  speed  elicited — scarcely  even  have  we  an  authentic  and 
standard  account  of  the  animals  themselves,  their  performances, 
or  their  pedigree,  to  which  one  may  refer  with  confidence. 

"With  half  a  dozen,  at  the  least,  of  distinct  races  of  native 
American  Horses,  probably,  in  the  first  instance,  the  result  of 
chance  combinations  of  old,  well-known  and  established  foreign 
breeds,  which  have  now  been  improved  and  rendered  standard, 
as  perfect  native  stock,  transmitting  their  qualities  both  of  form 
and  capacity  unmixed  from  sire  to  son,  we  have  no  work  fully 
recognizing  the  existence  of  such  races,  much  less  analyzing 
their  blood  and  describing  their  points  and  character.  On  the 
contrary,  while  the  Conestoga  horse,  the  Canadian,  the  Indian 
pony  of  the  North,  the  Indian  mustang  of  the  South,  the  ]SIor- 
man  horse  of  the  ITorth-eastern  British  Provinces,  the  pacer — 
probably  of  ISTarraganset  origin — and  the  general  working,  or 
farm  horse,  of  tlie  Midland  States,  have  no  chronicler,  we  go  on 
importing  and  studying  elaborate  treatises  on  the  English  hack- 
ney, the  English  cart-horse,  the  English  dray-horse,  the  Suffolk 
Punch,  the  Cleveland  Bay,  the  Galloway,  the  Shetland  pony, 
and  I  knoAV  not  what  else  ;  when  it  is  notorious  to  every  horse- 
man in  the  land,  that  not  one  of  these  varieties  do  exist — ever 
did  exist — except  in  the  case  of  individual  importations — or,  if 
they  did  exist,  would  be  of  any  value  or  utility  in  North 
America. 

In  the  like  manner,  we  have  hitherto  contented  ourselves, 
solely,  with  English  manuals,  even  when  in  practice  we  do 


INTKODUCTION.  7 

not  adopt  their  methods,  or  adhere  to  their  instructions ; 
and  when,  it  is  notorious,  that  the  whole  systems  of  stable 
management,  of  field  management,  of  turf-handling  and  road- 
handling,  as  practised  in  England, — owing  to  the  discrepancies 
of  climate  and  the  different  requirements  made  on  the  speed 
and  endurance  of  the  animals — must  be  subjected  to  many 
modifications  and  changes  before  they  can  be  perfectly  adapted 
to  the  horse  in  the  United  States  of  America. 

Thus  we  hare  Nimrod,  on  "Summering Hunters;"  Nimrod, 
on  "Condition;"  INimrod,  on  the  "Road  and  the  Turf;" 
beside  "  Craven,"  and  "  Cecil,"  and  "  Harry  Hieover."  all 
admirable  writers  on  the  subjects  which  they  treat ;  viz.  the 
natural  or  artificial  adaptation  of  English  animals  to  the  uses  of 
British  field  sports  and  the  requirements  of  British  sportsmen, 
but  not  only  unversed  in  things  as  they  exist,  or  as  they  are 
required  to  exist,  on  this  side  of  the  Atlantic  ;  but  actually  un- 
suited — by  their  too  thorough  acquaintance  with  and  adherence 
to  the  state  of  matters  there — for  understanding  or  apiDreciating 
the  altered  condition  of  the  same  matters  here. 

I  do  not  intend  these  remarks  to  apply  to  scientific  works  on 
the  pathology,  physiology,  or  special  diseases  of  the  horse,  by 
competent  veterinary  surgeons,  such  as  Youatt  on  the  Horse, 
or  Spooner's  or  Morton's  treatises  on  specialities,  or  the  many 
admirable  essays  on  shoeing,  bitting,  breaking,  the  manege, 
&c. ;  which  treating  of  subjects  natural  to  and  co-existent  with 
the  liorse,  wherever  he  exists,  are,  with  some  small  modifica- 
tions, invariably  applicable,  and  cannot  be  too  much  or  too 
closely  studied  by  all  the  lovers  of  the  horse  and  horsemanship, 
in  whatever  region  of  the  habitable  world  they  may  chance  to 
be  thrown. 

Again,  in  a  country  like  this,  where  the  use  and  employment 
of  the  horse,  not  only  for  labor  and  service,  but  for  pleasure,  for 
exercise,  for  sport,  is  not  restricted  to  any  one  or  two  classes  of 


6  INTKODUCTION. 

men,  but  is  general  to  tlie  whole  people,  so  that  the  small 
farmer,  the  smart  mechanic,  the  butcher,  the  drover,  or  tlie 
grocer  at  the  corner,  is  just  as  likely  to  own  his  fast  nag,  that 
can  go  his  mile  low  down  in  the  thirties,  and  to  persist  in  keep- 
ing him  for  his  own  delectation,  in  spite  of  bids  high  up  toward 
the  thousand,  as  any  millionaire  in  the  cities — it  is  remarkable, 
that  so  little  should  be  known,  or  sought  to  be  known,  concern- 
ing the  thorough  breaking,  bitting,  and  managing  of  the  horse, 
v.-hether  for  the  saddle  or  for  draught,  as  it  is  here. 

Horsemanship,  also,  though  it  be  so  general,  that  it  might 
almost  be  called  universal,  is  at  a  lamentably  low  stage  in  the 
northern  and  middle  States  of  the  Union. 

I  am  aware  that  this  is  an  unpopular  and  will  be  found  an 
impalatable  statement,  in  general ;  but  nevertheless,  it  is  a  true 
one,  and  I  do  not  seek  for  popularity  for  myself  or  my  book,  at 
the  expense  of  truth. 

It  would  seem,  for  the  most  part,  that  the  dealer  and  the 
owner  alike,  consider  that  all  has  been  done  that  can  be  done,  or 
that  it  is  desirable  to  have  done,  when  it  is  demonstrated  that 
the  animal  can  go  so  fast — possibly  at  some  almost  incredible 
rate — and  so  long — perhaps,  almost  beyond  all  records  of  horse 
endurance — without  the  slightest  reference  to  the  how,  in  style, 
in  form  of  going,  in  ease  or  hardship  to  the  rider  or  driver — 
every  thing  in  a  word  in  the  re,  nothing  in  the  modo. 

I  should  scarcely  say  too  much,  were  I  to  say,  that  however 
admirable  the  qualities  of  horses  offered  for  sale  in  America, 
whatever  their  natural  style,  action,  or  adaptation  for  the  saddle, 
or  harness,  the  buyer  does  not  meet  one  in  one  hundred,  which 
has  received  the  slightest  artificial  education,  which  has  the 
rudiment  of  a  mouth,  that  sine  qua  non  in  a  finished  animal, 
the  smallest  knowledge  of  paces — even  to  setting  off  with  the 
right  leg  in  the  canter — or  the  least  idea  of  carrying  its  crest  up, 
its  chin  to  its  chest,  or  its  haunches  under  it 


INTRODUCTION.  V 

In  like  manner,  of  riders — if  lie  can  pound  liis  beast  along, 
getting  tlie  best  possible  time  out  of  him,  laying  himself  back  in 
his  stirrujDS,  and  hanging  on  by  the  reins,  steadied  by  the  eternal 
running  martingale,  and  bearing  with  a  dead  pull  on  the  snaffle 
bit,  the  horseman  esteems  himself,  and  is  esteemed  by  his  con- 
federates and  admirers,  perfect  in  the  art  of  equitation. 

Yet,  put  him  on  a  neatly  broken  horse,  with  a  spirit  that  will 
fire  as  quickly  as  gunpowder  to  the  flash,  with  a  mouth  of 
velvet,  obedient  to  the  weight  of  a  feather — put  him  on  such  a 
horse,  with  a  sliarp  curb,  and  no  martingale  or  cavesson  where 
by  to  hang  on,  and  ten  to  one  his  horse  will  jump  from  under 
him  at  the  first  capriole  or  soubresault ;  at  all  events,  he  will 
sit  him  much  as  the  miller's  meal-bag  sits  on  the  mill-jade. 

In  a  word,  I  mean  that  out  of  a  thousand  riders  in  North 
America,  there  are  not  five  whose  seat  on  the  horse  is  so  inde- 
pendent of  their  hold  on  the  bridle,  that  they  can  sit  their  horse 
with  their  hands  akimbo,  and  the  bridle-rein  in  their  teeth  ; 
and  if  the  seat  be  not  so  independent  of  the  hand,  the  hand  can- 
not be  independent  of  the  seat. 

In  other  words,  if  the  rider,  more  or  less,  rectifies  and  retains 
his  seat  on  the  horse's  back  by  his  pull  on  the  horse's  mouth, 
the  horse's  motions,  which  are  and  must  be  regulated  by  his 
mouth,  will  be  subject  to,  and  guided  by,  the  rider's  seat;  not, 
as  they  ought  to  be,  by  the  rider's  hand. 

No  man  can  be  a  fine  rider  who  has  not  a  fine  hand — no 
man  can  have  a  fine  hand,  whose  seat  is  not  entirely  independ- 
ent of  his  hand  ;  so  that  the  latter  can  play  like  a  steel  spring, 
giving  and  returning  equally,  in  whatever  position  of  the  horse's 
or  rider's  body. 

Consequently,  no  rider,  however  excellent  in  any  one  style 
of  riding,  can  be  called  a  good  or  finished  rider.  To  be  a  per- 
fect rider,  one  must  have  ridden,  and  be  able,  more  or  less,  to 
ride  in  every  conceivable  style  of  legitimate  riding — I  do  not 


10  ESTTKODUCTION. 

mean  posturing  or  circus-riding !     Posturers  and  circus-riderS; 
are  rarely,  or  never,  good  riders  ! 

One  must  have  known  horses  under  him,  in  almost  every 
conceivable  position — rearing,  plunging,  kicking,  terrified, 
frantic,  falling  and  even  fallen,  most  of  all  perfectly  managed, 
fine-mouthed  and  high-mettled — and  be  able  to  control  them  all, 
before  he  may  call  himself  a  horseman, 

Now  in  America,  never  has  there  been  any  standard  book 
published,  pretending  to  set  forward  even  the  commonest  rules 
of  stable  management,  bitting,  breaking  and  mouthing  young 
horses,  or  even  of  riding  them,  when  broken,  Nor  in  England 
has  there  been  any  such,  since  the  old  days  of  the  manege^  now 
I  regret  to  say,  obsolete — I  regret  to  say  it,  because  although  too 
formal,  and  savoring  too  much  of  ancien  regime  and  precision, 
it  has  yet  much  that  is  most  valuable,  nay,  essential ;  unless  it 
be  a  few  late  volumes  on  cavalry  tactics,  or  cross-country  riding, 
and  a  few  works  on  the  stable. 

It  is  this  void  which  I  hope  and  propose  to  fill,  Tlie  book, 
which  I  have  now  the  honor  to  lay  before  the  public,  is  almost 
entirely  American  in  its  details,  and  will,  I  trust,  answer  its 
purpose,  as  what  it  is  intended  to  be,  a  thorough  and  general 
compendium  of  all  that  which  most  ought  to  be  known,  and 
which  will  be  most  useful  to  the  American  horsekeeper. 

In  the  compass  of  two  volumes  it  cannot  be  expected  that  I 
should  offer,  as  I  do  not  pretend  to  offer,  a  complete  History  of 
the  Turf,  or  of  the  Trotting  Course  ;  but  I  hope  it  will  be  found, 
that  I  have  seized  the  salient  and  distinctive  points  of  both,  as 
regards  this  almost  boundless  country,  and  presented  them  in 
such  a  form  as  will  not  only  prove  entertaining,  but  useful. 

To  make  a  man  a  rider  or  a  driver,  by  any  written  precepts, 
is  not  within  the  range  of  possibilities ;  much  less  do  I  aspire  to 
give  to  the  horse-owner  a  work  on  the  veterinarian  science, 
which  shall  in  itself  suffice. 


INTRODUCTION.  11 

One  is  no  more  expected  to  be  able  to  treat  intricate  and 
dangerous  diseases  of  his  liorse,  than  he  is  to  shoe  him,  fire  him, 
or  cut  him  up  for  the  kennel,  when  in  the  course  of  lime  he  may 
chance  to  die.  Any  man  I  should  hold  an  ass,  who,  his  valuable 
animal  being  decidedly  ailing,  would  not  send  for  the  best  far- 
rier within  his  reach  ;  therefore,  and  in  one  word,  I  beg  to  state 
that  this  work  is  meant  only  to  assist  the  horseman ;  not  to 
supersede,  in  two  volumes,  however  full  of  matter,  what  can 
scarcely  be  contained  in  half  a  library. 

Such  as  it  is,  in  a  word,  I  intend  it  to  be,  and  I  hope  it  is, 
thorough  /  and,  as  such,  I  have  the  pleasure  to  offer  it  to  my 
friends  and  the  public — if,  which  I  trust  is  not  the  case,  I  am 
not  bound  to  make  a  distinction  between  them. 

The  First  Volume  will  be  found  to  contain  a  brief  history, 
with  some  account  of  the  natural  history,  of  the  horse  ;  a  history 
of  the  English,  and  of  the  American,  thoroughbred  horse  ;  some 
accounts  of  the  original  thoroughbred  stock  of  different  States 
and  regions  of  the  United  States  ;  memoirs  and  descriptions  of 
several  of  the  most  distinguished  racers  of  the  United  States, 
with  full  and  original  accounts  of  their  most  remarkable  races  ; 
essays  on  the  breeding  of  the  thoroughbred  horse ;  estimates 
and  views,  both  English  and  American,  of  the  comparative 
qualities  of  the  English  and  American  race-horse  ;  essays  on  the 
points  of  the  thoroughbred  horse  for  racing  purposes,  and  on 
the  true  utility  of  the  thoroughbred  horse  ;  a  list,  as  complete  as 
could  be  furnished,  from  the  available  means  of  information,  ol 
the  thoroughbred  stallions  and  mares  imported  to  this  country, 
from  the  earliest  date  to  the  close  of  the  year  1856  ;  a  set  of  tables, 
carefully  compiled,  showing  the  comparative  number  of  winners, 
with  their  comparative  performances,  respectively  got  by  native 
and  imported  stallions,  within  the  last  twenty-seven  years ;  and 
a  summary  of  the  results  to  be  deduced  from  those  tables. 


12  INTRODUCTION. 

For  the  assistance  I  have  received  from  every  person — with 
one  distinguished  exception,  to  which  I  shall  not  refer — to  whom. 
I  have  presumed  to  apply  for  advice  and  information,  with  no 
farther  excuse  for  my  intrusion  than  the  freemasonry  which 
exists  between  all  lovers  of  the  horse,  and  the  importance  of  my 
subject,  I  should  be,  indeed,  ungracious  and  unmindful  did 
not  1  record  my  sincere  gratitude ;  and  I  trust  I  shall  be  par 
doned  if  I  take  the  liberty  to  name  those  gentlemen  to  whom  1 
owe  especial  thankfulness,  and  without  whose  kindly  aid 
I  should  vainly  have  endeavored  to  accomplish  my  task,  for 
want  of  the  materials,  which  they  have  most  liberally  fur- 
nished. 

To  Mr.  J.  Prescott  Hall,  of  Newport,  E.  I.,  and  to  Dr.  Sayre, 
of  New  York,  for  the  use  of  their  own  valuable  libraries,  and 
for  that  of  the  late  Charles  Henry  Hall,  enriched  with  his  valu- 
able MS.  notes,  and  those  of  that  distinguished  turfman,  the 
late  Cadwallader  K.  Golden,  I  gratefully  acknowledge  my 
indebtedness.  To  Governor  King,  of  New  York  ;  to  Mr.  Wil- 
liam Williams,  of  Tennessee ;  to  Mr.  David  W.  Jones,  of  Cold 
Spring  Harbor,  L.  I. ;  to  Mr.  Tayloe,  of  Washington  City ;  to 
Mr.  Miliken,  of  Charleston,  S.  C,  I  have  to  return  my  thanks 
for  valuable  written  communications,  and  much  information, 
otherwise  unattainable.  To  Dr.  Sayre,  to  that  late  distinguished 
patron  of  all  that  is  most  manly  in  manhood,  Mr.  John  C. 
Stevens,  and  to  Mr.  Ten  Broeck,  I  am  deeply  indebted  for  their 
loan  of,  and  permission  to  engrave,  the  original  portraits  of 
those  noble  animals.  Sir  Archy,  Eclipse,  Black  Maria,  and 
Pryor ;  and  to  the  owners  of  animals  generally,  for  their  readiness 
to  allow  portraits  to  be  made,  or  photographs  to  be  taken,  for 
the  use  of  this  work. 

The  likenesses  of  Glencoe,  given  both  as  a  type  of  the  En- 
glish thoroughbred  of  the  present  day,  and  as  a  portrait  of  one 
pf  the  most  successful  of  recently  imported  stallions,  of  Boston, 


INTKODUCTION.  13 

and  of  Lexington,  are  taken  from  engravings,  with  the  consent 
of  their  owners,  Messrs.  Richards,  of  the  Spirit  of  the  Times ; 
Mr.  Currier,  of  'New  York,  and  Mr.  Ackerman,  of  London. 
That  of  Fashion,  with  her  foal,  is  from  an  ambrotype,  for  which 
I  am  indebted  to  the  courtesy  of  Mr.  Reber,  her  present  owner, 
there  not  existing  any  satisfactory  portrait  of  her  in  oils.  A  new 
feature  of  this  first  volume,  is  ten  complete  genealogical  tables, 
tracing  back  their  blood  to  the  most  remote  sources,  of  seven  of 
the  most  celebrated  English  horses  to  which  our  American  stock 
are  chiefly  referable,  and  of  three,  the  champions  of  the  Ameri- 
can Turf. 

The  Second  Yolume,  perhaps,  of  broader  interest,  will  be 
found  to  contain  accounts  of  the  general  horse  stock  of  America ; 
the  horse  stock  of  the  various  States ;  the  various  distinct 
families,  as  the  Conestoga;  the  Canadian;  the  ISTarragansett 
pacer  ;  the  Yermont  draught-horse ;  the  Lidian  i^ony  ;  a  disser- 
tation on  the  Morgan  horse  ;  on  the  trotting  horse  ;  a  compen- 
dious history  of  the  trotting  turf  from  its  commencement,  in  the 
year  1818,  to  the  close  of  the  year  1856,  with  memoirs,  pedi- 
grees, descriptions  and  performances  of  the  most  distinguished 
animals  ;  lists  of  famous  trotters  ;  time  tables  ;  essays  on  breed- 
ing ;  breaking ;  horsemanship  ;  field,  stable,  and  road  manage- 
ment ;  on  stabling,  with  views,  plans,  and  estimates ;  on  shoe- 
ing ;  and  on  the  diseases  of  the  liorse — the  volume  concluding 
with  the  rules  of  the  leading  Jockey  Clubs  and  trotting  courses 
of  the  United  States. 

In  the  literary  portion  of  this  volume  1  have  been  aided  by 
contributions  from  Mr.  S.  D.  Harris,  of  the  Ohio  Cultivator ;  ot 
Mr.  Joshua  Clements,  of  Dayton,  Ohio ;  Mr.  John  Strohm,  ot 
Lancaster  Co.,  Ohio  ;  Mr.  A.  Y.  Moore,  of  Schoolcraft ;  Mr. 
W.  G.  H.  Pelton,  of  Grand  Rapids  ;  Mr.  E.  Adams,  of  Adrian  ; 
Mr.  Chas.  A.  Jeffries,  of  Dexter ;  a  correspondent,  whose  name 
is  unfortunately  lost,  from  Ypsilanti,  Michigan  ;  and  from  Mr. 


14  INTRODUCTION. 

J.  H.  Wcallace,  of  the  Iowa  Agricultural  Society ;  to  all  of  whom 
I  return  sincere  thanks. 

For  the  use  of  the  engravings  of  the  double  team  match,  of 
Mora  Temple  and  of  Pocahontas,  I  record  my  obligation  to  Mr. 
N.  Currier,  of  New  York ;  for  the  use  of  that  of  Lady  Suffolk, 
to  Mr.  G.  ^Y.  Lewis ;  and  for  that  of  Young  Black  Hawk,  to 
his  owner,  Mr.  Yernol,  of  New  York.  The  likeness  of  Ethan 
Allen  is  executed  from  an  original,  painted  expressly  for  this 
work,  by  Mr.  Attwood,  with  the  consent  of  his  owner,  Mr.  Iloe, 
of  Vermont.  The  woodcuts  of  the  Vermont  draught-horse  and 
the  Conestoga,  are  from  photographs  of  two  noble  animals,  in 
the  possession  of  Messrs.  Adams  &  Co.'s  Express  Company, 
New  York ;  and  that  of  St.  Lawrence,  from  a  photograph  be- 
longing to  the  proprietors  of  "  Porter's  Spirit."  To  each  and 
all  of  which  gentlemen  I  beg  to  renew  my  acknowledgments  for 
their  courtesy  and  the  accommodation  they  have  afforded  me  ; 
and  now,  before  throwing  myself  on  the  candid  and  liberal 
construction  of  my  friends  and  the  public,  I  have  only  to  record 
my  sense  of  the  valuable  cooperation  of  my  friend  Mr.  Philip 
H.  Anthon,  in  compiling  the  statistical  tables,  and  of  Messrs. 
Capewell  and.  Kimmell,  the  brilliant  and  artistical  engravers — 
to  whom  my  publishers  have  wisely  entrusted  much  of  their 
finest  and  most  difficult  work — in  their  execution  of  the  plates, 
which  add  so  much  to  the  intrinsic  value  and  beauty  of  my 
work. 

Trusting  that  my  labors  may  not  disappoint  expectation,  and 
conscious  that  if  they  do  so,  it  will  be  owing  to  the  magnitude 
and  difiiculty  of  the  task,  not  to  any  want  of  industry  or  research 
on  my  part.  I  commend  myself  to  my  readers,  as  ever 
Their  faithful  and  obliged, 

Henky  Wm.  Herbert. 
The  Cedaes,  July  1,  1857. 


LIST  OF  AUTHOEITIES 

COXSIJLTED   AND   USED   IN   THE   PREPARATION   OF   THIS   WORK. 

The  Old  Testamext. 
Xexophon  be  ee  Equestei, 
Flint. 

QULNTUS   CtJETIU3. 

A    New   Method  and  Exteaoedinaey   Invention  to   Deess   Hoeses,   by 

the  Maequis  of  IN'ewcastle. 
Teeatlse  on  Hoesemanship,  by  Philip  Eael  of  Pembeoke. 
Beeengee's  Hoesemanship. 
Adams's  Hoesemanship. 

Yotjatt  on  the  Hoese.  ^ 

"Wintee  on  the  Hoese. 
"White's  Histoey  of  the  Beitish  Tuef. 
Pick's  Tuef  Eegistee, 
Weatheebt's  Tuef  Registee  to  1845. 
English  Spoeting  Magazine. 
Annals  of  Spoeting. 
Skinnee's  Tuef  Registee. 

Poetee's  Tuef  Registee  and  Spoetlng  Magazine. 
J.  RicHAEDs's  Tuef  Registee. 
Cadwalladee  Colden's  Spoeting  Magazine. 
The  Spieit  of  the  Times. 
The  Ameeican  Faemeb. 
Skinnee's  Stud  Book. 
Edgae's  Ameeican  Stud  Book. 

Miliken's  Histoey  of  the  Tuef  of  South  Caeolina. 
The  Ohio  Cui,tivatoe. 


16  LIST   OF   AUTHOKITIES. 

Thb  Horse,  bt  Youatt  and  Cecil. 

Stable  Talk  and  Table  Talk,  by  Haert  IIiboveb. 

Practical  HoRSEMAxsnip,  by  Harry  Hieoter. 

The  Pocket  and  the  Stud. 

The  Hunting  Field. 

Hints  to  Horsemen. 

The  Stud  for  Practical  Purposes. 

Practical  Horsemanship. 

Baucher's  System  of  Equitation. 

Stewart's  Stable  Economy. 

The  Modern  Horse  Doctor.     Dr.  Dadd. 

Mason's  Farrier. 

"White's  Farriery 

Miles  on  Shoeing. 

Nemrod  on  Summering  Hunters. 

British  Eural  Sports,  by  Stonehenge. 

Updike's  History  of  the  Naeragansett  Ohuroh. 

American  Journal  of  Agriculture. 

Encyclopaedia  Britannioa. 

Knight's  Penny  Cyclopedia. 

Linsley  on  the  Morgan  Horse. 

Traite  d'Anatomie  Comparatif. 

Traite  de  Physiologie  Comparatif. 

"Walsh's  Manual  of  Domestic  Economy. 


CONSULTED  BY  EDITORS  OF  REVISED  EDITION. 

English  Racing  Calendab  from  1751  to  1869. 

The  American  Turf  Registek  from  1830  to  1844. 

American  Racing  Calendar  from  1845  to  1860. 

English  Stud  Book,  Eleven  Volumes. 

BruiJes'  Stud  Book. 

Wallace's  American  Stud  Book. 

The  American,  Franklin  &  Kentucky  Farmers,  Etc.,  Etc, 


ILLUSTRATIONS    TO  VOL.   I. 


ENGRAVINGS  ON   STEEL. 


Vignette  Title,  designed  by  F.  0.  C.  Darley,  engraved  by  R.  Hinshelwood. 


Painted  by 

Engraved  by 

Page 

GLENCOE,      . 

.    c. 

nANCOCK,      . 

J.   C.   BUTTRE, 

74 

SIR  ARCHY,  . 

.      A. 

FISHER, 

CAPEWELL   &  KIMMELL, 

123 

ECLIPSE, 

.      A. 

PISriER, 

CAPEWELL  &  KIMMEIX,, 

154 

BLACK  MARIA, 

.     E. 

troye, 

CAPEWELL  &  KIMMELL, 

242 

FASHION,       . 

.      V. 

M.   GI5ISW0LD, 

R.   niNSHELWOOD, 

302 

PRYOR,   . 

.    n 

DE  LA'ITRE, 

R.  HENSIIELWOOU, 

330 

LEXINGTON, 

.      L. 

MAURER, 

.      J.   DCTIIIE,      . 

452 

ASTEROID,     . 

.      E. 

TROYE, 

T.   PniLLIBROWX,  . 

300 

KENTUCKY, . 

.      E. 

TROYE, 

T.   PHILLIBROWN, . 

37G 

LEAMINGTON, 

.     J. 

PAUL,     . 

"W.   n.   DOUGAN,       . 

412 

BOSTON, 

.    n. 

DE  LATTRE, 

CAPEWELL  &  KIMMELL, 

490 

ENGRAVINGS  ON  WOOD. 
executed  by  n.  orr. 

Skeleton  op  the  Horse, 55 

Points  op  tbe  Horse.    Illustrated  by  Elis, 50 

Foal's  Teeth, 61 

Two-Month  Mouth 62 

Yearling  Mouth, 63 


18  LIST   OF   ILLTJSTKA.TIONS. 

Page 
63 


Section  of  Grinder, 

Two-Year-Old  Mouti 

Three-Year-Old  MouTn, ^'^ 

66 

67 


Two-Year-Old  Mouth, ^^ 


Four-Year-old  Mouth, ^^ 


Five-Year-Old  Mouth, 

fift 
Six-Year-Old  Mouth, 

Seven- Year-Old  Mouth, ^^ 

Aged  Mouth, 


CONTENTS     OF    VOL.  I. 


Page 

The  Horse,  his  Origin,  Native  Land,  History,  and  Natural  Historj',    .        .  21 

History  of  the  English  Blood  Horse, 74 

History  of  the  American  Horse, 108 

History  of  the  American  Blood  Horse, 122 

History  of  the  Blood  Horse  in  Tennessee, 140 

History  of  the  Blood  Horse  in  New  York, 149 

Pedigrees,  Performances  and  Anecdotes  of  Famous  American  Eacers  of 

the  Modern  Day, 156 

Memoir  of  Sir  Archy, 171 

Memoir  of  Diomed,  sire  of  Sir  Archy  and  Duroc, 175 

Memoir  of  American  Eclipse, 178 

Great  Match  Race  between  Eclipse  and  Sir  Henry, 183 

Pedigree  and  Performances  of  Ariel, 195 

Ariel  and  Flirtilla  Eace, 202 

Pedigree,  Characteristics  and  Performances  of  Black  Maria,        .        .         .  233 

Pedigree,  Performances  and  Characteristics  of  Wagner  and  Grey  Eagle,    .  251 

Wagner  and  Grey  Eagle's  Eaces, 253 

Pedigree,  Characteristics  and  Performances  of  Boston,        ....  270 

Pedigreo,  Characteristics  and  Performances  of  Fashion,      ....  284 

Eace  of  Boston  and  Fashion, 280 

Pedigree,  Characteristics  and  Performances  of  Lexington,  ....  303 

Pedigree,  Characteristics  and  Performances  of  Lecomte,      ....  312 

The  Great  Contest  of  Lexington  and  Lecomte, 317 

The  Great  Match  against  Time — Lexington, 323 

The  Great  Race  at  New  Orleans  between  Lexington  and  Lecomte,     .        .  333 

Pedigree,  Characteristics  and  Performances  of  Arrow,         ....  342 

Pedigree,  Characteristics  and  Performances  of  Pryor,          ....  351 

Pryor  and  Lecomte, 354 

Asteroid,          .............  359 

Kentucky, 374 


20  CONTENTS. 

Page 

Inauguration  Meeting  of  New  York  Jockey  Club, 383 

Kentucky  against  Time, 403 

Imported  Leamington, 546 

Comparative  Estimate  of  American  and  British  Racers,      ....  419 

English  and  American  Views, 444 

Comparisons  of  Speed, 447 

Best  American  and  English  Horses, 451 

The  Thoroughbred  Eace-Horse, 454 

Best  Four-mile  Heat  Races, 463 

To  Ipsus  of  England,  by  Observer, 469 

The  Racing  at  New  Orleans,  by  Observer, 471 

The  True  Utility  of  the  Thoroughbred  Race-Horse, 476 

Essential  Points  in  the  Thoroughbred  Horse, 490 

Observations  on  Imported  Stallions, 500 

List  of  Stallions  Imported  from  England, 507 

List  of  Imported  Mares  and  Fillies, =        .  583 

LIST  OF  PEDIGREES. 

I.— English  Eclipse, 74 

II.— DiOMED, 129 

III.— Castl^niea, 137 

IV. — Leviathan, 548 

v.— Pkiam, 560 

VI. — Glencoe, 538 

VII.— Trustee, 578 

VIII. — American  Eclipse, 150 

IX.— Boston 276 

X.— Fashion, 284 


THE  HORSE; 

HIS  ORIGIN,  NATIVE  LAND,  HISTORY,  AND  NATURAL  HISTORY. 


In  seeking  to  ascertain  the  especial  land  to  which  this,  the  no- 
blest animal  subject  to  the  empire  of  man,  is  indigenous,  the 
nation  which  may  claim  the  honor  of  his  domestication,  and  the 
period  at  which  he  was  first  brought  into  general  use,  for  pur- 
poses of  war,  of  pomp  and  of  pleasure,  we  must  have  recourse, 
in  the  first  instance,  to  Holy  Writ,  as  the  most  ancient  and  best 
authenticated  of  existing  histories. 

By  reference  to  the  Sacred  Volume,  we  find  that  although 
the  ass,  an  inferior  member  of  the  equine  family,  was  early  in 
use  among  the  children  of  Israel,  the  horse  was  unknown  to 
them,  until  after  the  commencement  of  their  sojourn  in  the  land 
of  Egypt.  And  there  is  strong  evidence  on  which  to  assume, 
that  it  was  not  until  after  their  arrival  in  that  country,  that  he 
was  there  brought  into  subjection,  if  indeed  he  previously  ex- 
isted therein. 

It  is  difficult,  however,  to  believe  that  any  other  than  Egypt, 
or,  at  least,  Africa,  was  his  birthplace  ;  for  it  is  clear  that  Ara- 
bia, which  many  have  supposed  to  be  the  native  liome  of  the 
horse,  and  which  has  done  more  than  any  other  region  in  the 
world  to  improve  the  race,  by  the  admixture  of  its  superior 
strain  of  blood,  did  not  originally  possess  the  animal ;  nor,  in- 
deed, until,  comparatively  speaking,  a  recent  date ;  while  his 
introduction  into  Greece,  and  thence  into  those  regions  of  Europe 
and  Asia  wherein  he  is  now  found,  either  wild,  or  in  a  domesti- 
cated condition,  may  be  traced  to  a  transmarine,  and  probably 
Egyptian,  som-ce. 


22  THE   nORSE. 

In  the  liistory  of  Abraham,  we  find  frequent  mention  of  the 
ass  nsed  as  a  saddle-beast,  of  tlie  camel  as  an  animal  of  bnr- 
then,  of  flocks  and  herds,  sheep  and  oxen ;  bnt  the  name  of 
the  horse  does  not  appear,  until  we  descend  to  the  days  of 
Joseph. 

It  is  worthy  of  remark,  moreover,  that,  on  two  occasions, 
the  former  patriarch  received  costly  presents  from  two  forei<^n 
potentates,  Abimelech,  prince  of  Gerar,  on  the  northern  fron- 
tier of  Arabia  Petrsea,  and  Pharaoh,  king  of  Eg^^pt,  one  of  that 
dynasty  known  as  the  Shepherd  kings,  both  of  whom  gave  him 
sheep  and  oxen,  and  man-servants  and  maid-servants,  to  which 
the  latter  added  he-asses  and  she-asses  and  camels  ;  and  this 
fact,  when  the  constant  mention,  at  a  later  period,  of  horses 
given  as  presents  between  oriental  potentates  is  taken  into  con- 
sideration, may  be  assumed  as  a  proof  that  they  were  not  as 
yet  in  general  use,  if  known,  in  either  of  those  countries. 

In  the  reign  of  that  Pharaoh,  however,  whom  Joseph  served, 
we  find  that,  by  the  king's  command,  wagons  were  sent  into 
the  land  of  Canaan,  to  bring  Jacob  and  his  sons,  their  wives 
and  their  little  ones,  during  the  famine  against  which  the  min- 
ister had  provisioned  his  adopted  nation,  into  the  country  of 
abundance.  It  is  not,  indeed,  exactly  stated  that  these  wagons 
were  drawn  by  horses ;  bat,  when  it  is  observed  that,  dui-ing 
this  very  famine  of  seven  years,  which  ensued  on  their  entrance 
into  Egyj^t,  horses  are  first  mentioned,  as  articles  which  Joseph 
took  in  exchange  for  bread  from  the  Egyptian  cultivators  and 
cattle-breeders — that,  on  the  death  of  Jacob,  his  funeral  was 
attended  by  ''  both  chariots  and  horsemen  " — and,  lastly,  that 
we  know,  from  the  writings  of  Homer,  and  from  the  ancient 
sculptures  of  Persepolis  and  Nineveh,  the  application  of  the 
horse  to  purposes  of  draught  to  have  been  prior  to  his  being 
ridden,  we  may,  I  think,  fairly  conclude  that  such  was  the  case. 

From  this  time,  the  adoption  of  the  horse,  for  purposes  of 
battle,  appears  to  have  been  extremely  rapid.  For  we  find  that, 
at  the  Exodus,  generally  conceived  to  have  been  in  the  reign 
of  Pamses  Y.,  the  last  of  the  Eighteenth  Dynasty,  or  1500  years 
before  the  Christian  Era,  the  pursuing  army  contained  "  six 
hundred  chosen  chariots,  and  all  the  chariots  of  Egypt,"  and  all 
the   horsemen.     Farther,   when   the    Israelites    returned    into 


FIEST   rSED   IN   EGYPT.  23 

Canaan,  the  country  lying  between  the  Istlmnis  of  Suez  and  tlia 
ridges  of  Lebanon,  the  horse  had  ah-eady  been  naturahzed  in 
that  region ;  inasmuch  as  the  Canaanites  "  Avent  out  to  fight 
against  Israel,  with  horses  and  chariots  very  many." 

From  tliese  considerations,  and  from  the  fact  that,  so  late  as 
600  years  after  this  date,  Arabia  had  still  no  horses, — as  it  seems 
certain,  since,  while  Solomon  imported  from  Arabia,  silver  and 
gold  and  spices,  it  was  from  Egypt,  only,  that  he  procured  horses 
for  his  own  cavalry  and  that  of  the  allied  kings  of  Phoenicia, — I 
conclude  that  it  was  no  others  than  those  very  Sliepherd  kings 
of  Egypt,  described  as  a  dynasty  of  invading  conquerors  of  a 
stranger  race,  termed  the  JIt/csos,  whose  origin  is  unknown,  who 
introduced  the  horse  into  Lower  Egypt ;  and  that,  after  this  j^e- 
riod,  that  country  became  the  principal  breeding  district  and 
emporium  of  that  noble  animal. 

It  may  be  that  these  Ilycsos  were  intruders  from  the  eastern 
portion  of  Abyssinia,  bordering  on  Upper  Egypt,  where  there 
still  exists,  in  the  kingdoms  of  Dongola  and  Sennaar,  a  very 
superior  breed  of  Barbs ;  and  that  it  w\as  thence  that  they  in- 
troduced the  horse  into  Egypt,  which  assuredly  does  not  j^ossess 
such  extensive  tracts  of  native  j^asture,  or  meadow  lands,  as 
alone  are  adapted  to  the  existence  of  this  animal  in  a  state  of 
nature  and  of  freedom. 

In  Greece,  the  beautiful  fable,  that  the  horse  sprang  from 
the  earth  under  the  impulse  of  the  trident  of  Neptune,  the 
most  puissant,  if  not  the  most  potent,  of  the  gods,  as  the  em- 
blem of  strength  and  warfare,  seems  intended  to  adumbrate  a 
belief  of  the  Hellenes  that  the  animal  came  from  beyond  the  sea. 

We  have,  however,  clearer  evidence  of  the  method  of  his 
introduction,  in  the  universal  tradition  that  the  Thessalians, 
who  were,  from  first  to  last,  the  best  and  most  expert  horsemen 
in  Greece,  as  well  as  the  Athenians,  from  whose  sacred  soil  the 
horse  is  said  to  have  sprung  at  the  summoning  of  the  sea-god, 
and  the  settlers  of  the  Argolis,  were  all  colonists  from  EgyjDt. 

Here,  then,  in  Europe,  on  the  great  fertile  plains  of  Thessaly 
and  Thrace,  the  boundless  reedy  meadows  on  the  banks  of  the 
Danube,  and  thence  away  to  the  illimitable  horse-pastures  of 
the  Ukraine,  and  the  banks  of  the  Dnieper  and  the  Don,  the 
horse  was  unquestionably  first  introduced,  and  propagated  both 


24:  THE   IIOESE. 

as  the  best  and  noblest  servant  of  men,  and  in  a  state  of  inde 
pendent  liberty. 

In  Media  and  Persia,  tlie  horse  increased  rapidly ;  and,  from 
a  very  early  date,  the  nionarchs  of  those  countries  and  of  As- 
syria employed  a  conntless  cavalry,  with  scythed  chariots,  as 
the  most  efficient,  perhaps  even  the  most  numerous,  arm  of 
their  services. 

"  There  is  a  curious  record,"  says  Mr.  Youatt,  in  his  admi- 
rable work  on  the  horse,  to  whom  I  take  tliis  occasion  of  ren- 
dering my  acknowledgments  for  the  great  assistance  I  have 
received  from  his  pages,  "  of  the  commerce  of  different  coun- 
tries at  the  close  of  the  second  century.  Among  the  articles 
exported  from  Egypt  to  Arabia,  particularly  as  presents  to 
reigning  monarchs,  were  horses."  "  In  the  fourth  century,"  he 
continues,  "  two  hundred  Cappadocian  horses  were  sent  by  the 
Koman  emperor,  as  the  most  acceptable  present  he  could  offer 
to  a  powerful  prince  of  Arabia." 

"  So  late  as  the  seventh  century,  the  Arabs  had  few  horses, 
and  those  of  little  value.  These  circumstances  sufficiently 
prove,  that  however  superior  may  be  the  present  breed,  it  is 
comparatively  lately  that  the  horse  was  natui-alizcd  in  Arabia." 

In  proof  of  the  last  assertion,  he  proceeds  to  state  that,  "  in 
the  seventh  century  after  Christ,  when  Mahomet  attacked  the 
Koreisli  near  Mecca,  he  had  but  two  horses  in  his  whole  army ; 
and  at  the  close  of  his  murderous  campaign,  although  he  drove 
off  twenty-four  thousand  camels  and  forty  thousand  sheej),  and 
carried  away  twenty-four  thousand  ounces  of  silver,  not  one 
horse  appears  in  the  list  of  plunder." 

From  all  the  above  data,  it  is  sufficiently  evident  that  the 
liorse  was  gradually  introduced  into  Arabia  and  the  adjacent  or 
adjoining  Asiatic  countries,  the  latter  the  more  rapidly,  from 
Egypt.  And  that  from  the  same  stock  is  derived  the  whole 
race  in  all  the  south-eastern  portion  of  Europe. 

Egypt  is  not — as  it  has  already  been  observed — a  favorable 
country,  in  any  respect,  for  horse-breeding ;  still  less  for  the 
oriofinal  existence  of  the  animal  in  a  state  of  nature.  Whence, 
therefore,  he  was  first  introduced  into  tliat  kingdom  is  still  in 
some  sort  a  mystery;  though  there  is,  I  think,  enough  of  indi- 
rect testimony  to  satisfy  any  unprejudiced  mind,  that  lie  was 


WILD    HORSES.  25 

an  original  native  of  the  soil  of  Africa,  to  which  alone  liis 
congeners,  the  Zebra,  and  the  Qnagga,  are  indigenons,  althongh 
the  wild  ass  and  the  domestic  species  are  probably  of  Asiatic 
origin. 

Of  all  the  wild  races  now  existing  in  Europe,  Asia,  or  Ame- 
rica, if  any  do  still  exist  in  the  former  division,  it  is,  however, 
60  nearly  snsceptible  of  actual  proof  that  no  one  is  really  indi- 
genons, tliat  we  may  safely  hold  it  an  established  fact. 

The  Tartarian  breed,  wliich  are  found  wild,  in  countless 
hordes,  from  the  neighborhood  of  the  Yolga  to  the  barren  and 
inhospitable  steppes  of  Upper  Asia  and  the  northern  provinces 
of  China,  can  be  clearly  traced  to  the  cavalry  horses  employed 
in  the  siege  of  Azof,  in  1657,  which  were  turned  loose  for 
want  of  forage,  and  have  propagated  their  species  with  unex- 
ampled rapidity ;  unless  it  be  equalled  by  that  which  has  peo- 
pled all  South  America  and  all  the  sparsely  cultivated  districts 
in  the  south-west  of  the  northern  continent,  so  far  east  as  to  the 
Mississippi,  with  the  descendants,  either  self-emancipated  or 
voluntarily  released,  of  the  Spanish  horses,  first  introduced  into 
the  southern  continent  in  1537. 

It  is  somewhat  doubtful  to  me,  whether  the  horses  found  in 
a  feral  state,  in  Texas  and  the  Mexican  provinces,  are  not  the 
descendants  of  chargers .  escaped  from  the  romantic  expedition 
of  De  Soto  through  those  very  regions ;  rather  than  of  those 
liberated  at  the  abandonment  of  Buenos  Ayres,  or  of  other 
escaped  or  emancipated  animals  of  Spanish  breed,  from  the 
southward  of  the  Isthmus.  Since  the  intricate,  forest-cumbered 
and  brake-entano-led  nature  of  that  dark  and  dangerous  bridge 
between  the  two  portions  of  the  continent,  as  well  as  of  the 
adjacent  regions  both  to  the  north  and  south  of  it,  is  so  ill- 
adapted  to  an  animal  like  the  horse,  attached  to  wide,  open 
plains  and  prairies,  and  singularly  averse  to  woody  morasses 
and  densely  clothed  wildernesses,  that  I  cannot  readily  believe 
they  would  voluntarily  have  involved  themselves  in  those 
labyrinths  of  canebrakes,  lianas,  and  mazes  of  almost  impene- 
trable vegetation,  in  progress  of  unmeaning  migration  toward 
imknown  future  habitations. 

The  question,  however,  is  one  of  little  moment ;  for,  althougl] 
some  equine  fossil  remains  have  been  discovered  in  America, 


26  THE   nOKSE. 

indicating  the  existence  of  the  horse  on  this  continent,  prior  to 
its  discovery  by  Europeans — tliongh.  by  some  nnknown  causes 
it  had  been  rendered  extinct,  before  the  date  of  tlieir  arrival — 
it  is  indisputable,  that  in  no  part  of  America,  insular  or  conti- 
nental, nor  yet  in  Australia  or  any  of  the  isles  of  the  Pacific, 
have  any  traces  of  the  horse  been  discovered,  by  the  first  navi- 
gators, who  have  visited,  or  the  first  colonists  who  have  planted, 
their  virgin  shores. 

The  wild  horse  of  America,  therefore,  is  of  undoubted 
Spanish  origin  ;  and  is,  to  this  day,  marked  by  many  of  the 
characteristics  of  that  race,  which  shows,  by  the  fineness  of  its 
limbs  and  the  peculiar  formation  of  its  head,  the  large  admix- 
ture it  possesses  of  Moorish  and  Barbary  blood. 

It  is  said,  also,  that  vi^ild  herds,  descended  from  casually 
escaped  domestic  individual  races,  have  been  seen  in  the  woody 
lowlands  of  Jamaica  and  Hayti ;  while  the  Falkland  Islands 
are  stocked  with  considerable  troops,  released  by  the  French 
and  Spanish  colonists ;  and  one  or  more  small  islands,  off  ISTew- 
foundland,  were  peopled  by  the  Government  of  Canada  with 
the  N^orman  horse,  which  has  become  perfectly  naturalized  and 
almost  indomitably  wild. 

In  Hungary,  until  within  a  sliort  space,  the  horse  was  still 
known  to  exist  in  the  wide,  open  plains  or  savannahs,  in  a  state 
of  nature ;  in  those  fierce  and  fiery  squadrons,  described  by 
Byron  in  Mazeppa, 

"  Wide  flowing  tail,  and  flying  mane, 
Wide  nostrils — never  stretclied  by  pain — 
Mouths  bloodless  to  the  bit  or  rein, 
And  feet  that  iron  never  shod. 
And  flanlvs  unscarred  by  spur  or  rod, 
A  thousand  horse,  the  wild,  tlie  free, 
Like  waves  that  follow  o'er  the  sea — " 

but  it  is  probable  they  are  extinct  for  ever  in  Europe,  unless 
some  be  found  on  the  confines  of  European  and  Asiatic  Eussia. 
Whether  the  animal  is  yet  to  be  found  in  a  state  of  nature 
in  Arabia  appears  questionable  ;  although  it  is  stated  that  they 
still  exist,  thinly  scattered  in  the  deserts,  and  are  hunted  by  the 
Bedouins  for  their  flesh,  and  also  to  improve  their  inferior 
breeds  by  a  different  strain  of  blood.     "  They  are  said  to  bo 


PERHAPS    INDIGENOUS    TO    BPJTAIN.  27 

swifter  even  than  the  domesticated  horse,  and  are  nsnally  taken 
by  traps  set  in  the  sand.  Mr.  Bruce,  however,  doubts  whether 
any  wild  horses  are  now  found  in  Arabia  Deserta."  ^' 

In  Central  Africa,  however,  wild  horses  still  roam  untamed, 
far  to  the  southward  of  the  great  desert  of  Sahara,  in  the  coun- 
try of  Ludamar,  where  they  were  seen  by  Mungo  Park  in  great 
droves.  From  that  district  there  extends  a  range  of  fertile, 
well-watered,  grassy,  and  in  part  wooded  countiy,  to  Kubia 
and  Upper  Abyssinia,  whence,  in  my  oj^inion,  the  horse  was 
Jii-st  introduced  into  Egypt,  and  thence  into  Arabia,  Europe  and 
the  East. 

Fossil  remains  of  the  horse  have  been  discovered,  of  extreme 
antiquity,  in  some  of  the  oldest  formations  in  Great  Britain.  In 
the  Kirkdale  cave,  in  Yorkshire,  the  bones  of  this  animal  are 
mingled  with  those  of  the  elephant,  rhinoceros,  ox,  bison,  deer, 
tiger,  hysena,  and  other  beasts  of  prey  ;  and  from  the  absence 
of  human  remains,  as  well  as  from  the  condition  of  the  bones 
and  the  abundance  of  fossil  excrements  of  the  hysena,  it  is  the 
opinion  of  Dr.  Buckland,  that  England  was  not  peopled  at  the 
period  when  this  remarkable  cavity  of  the  earth  was  filled, 
and  its  predatory  inhabitants  submerged,  with  the  relics  of 
their  prey,  by  the  i-ising  waters  of  some  local  or  general  inun- 
dation. 

It  certainl}^  cannot  be  regarded  as  a  proof  that  the  English 
horse  is,  in  any  part  of  its  blood,  still  autochthonous  or  abori- 
ginal, that  such  fossil  remains  are  found  there  ;  any  more  than 
it  is  of  the  wild  horse  of  the  American  Pampas  or  Prairies. 

It  is,  however,  observable,  that  at  the  period  of  the  first 
Roman  invasion,  the  horse  was  domesticated  in  Britain ;  and 
not  only  domesticated,  but  so  numerically  abundant,  that  a  large 
portion  of  the  forces,  which  resisted  the  invaders,  were  chariot- 
eers and  cavalry.  So  much  so,  that  when  Cassivelan  discharged 
his  tumultuary  army,  as  unable  to  resist  the  legions  in  the  field, 
he  retained  a  picked  body  of  four  thousand  war  chariots,  where- 
with to  impede  the  movements,  and  cut  up  the  foragers  of 
Caesar. 

And  this  being  the  first  introduction  of  the  British  isles  intc 

*  Youatt  on  the  Horse,  11. 


28  THE   HORSE. 

the  civilized  world,  before  whicli  period  no  historical,  and 
scarcely  even  a  traditional,  record  exists,  there  is  some  shadow 
of  reason  for  suspecting,  from  the  frequency  of  his  fossil  remains 
in  the  islands  and  his  actual  domestication  there  on  their  first 
discovery,  that  the  horse  may  have  been  originally  indigenous 
to  Great  Britain. 

Just  in  the  same  manner,  it  would  have  naturally  been  imag- 
ined, by  the  first  visitors  of  this  continent,  had  they  found  the 
natives  accustomed  to  the  use  of  horses,  that  the  animal  had 
existed  here  since  the  Creation ;  and,  had  their  suspicion  been 
corroborated  by  the  subsequent  discovery  of  fossil  remains, 
science  Avould  have  justified  the  belief. 

It  is  not,  however,  of  the  British  islands  altogether  so  con- 
clusive ;  since  it  is  possible  that  the  race,  whose  fossil  remains 
are  found  in  conjunction  with  those  of  other  extinct,  and,  per- 
haps, antediluvian  quadrupeds,  may  also  have  been  extinguished 
by  some  natural  cause,  and  re-introduced  either  from  Gaul,  or 
by  the  Phoenicians,  who  certainly  visited  the  channel  isles  in 
search  of  tin,  before  the  Koman  invasion.  Throughout  the 
oriental  world,  cavalry  with  the  addition  of  chariots  immediately 
became  as  decidedly  the  first  arm  in  all  services,  as  it  was  at  a 
later  date  in  the  days  of  chivalry ;  until  cuirass  and  lance  and 
all  the  gorgeous  paraphernalia  of  knightly  warfare  went  down, 
to  rise  no  more,  before  the  rolling  Spanish  volleys  at  Pavia. 

In  Europe,  however,  with  but  a  few  exceptions,  the  use  of  the 
horse  in  warfare  was  slowly,  and  never,  it  may  be  said,  until 
ages  had  elapsed,  generally  adoj^ted.  The  Spartans,  the  Athe- 
nians, the  Thebans.  when  at  the  highest  of  their  military  great- 
ness, had  but  inferior  and  slender  cavalry  services.  At  the 
battle  of  Marathon,  the  allies  had  no  horse  wdiatever ;  and  at 
Platsea,  one  year  later,  although  they  had  a  combined  force  of 
above  110,000  men  in  the  field,  they  had  not  a  single  squadron 
of  cavalry  in  their  array,  even  to  protect  their  convoys ;  in 
consequence  of  which  they  suffered  severely,  and  were  actually 
in  danger  of  being  literally  ridden  down  and  trodden  underfoot 
by  the  desperate  charges  of  the  myriads  of  Persian  horse. 

On  this  occasion,  however,  it  is  to  be  observed  that  the 
Thebans,  the  Thessalians,  who  as  yet  were  not  properly  Greeks, 
though  of  Hellenic   race,  and  the   semi-barbarous  Thracians, 


THE    OLYMPIC    HORSE-RACES.  29 

foii^^lit  on  the  side  of  the  Persian.  It  is  somewhat  remarkable 
that,  at  this  verj^  period,  the  horse  was  in  the  highest  favor  and 
repute  with  all  the  Greeks  ;  that  no  imaginable  pains  or  expense 
were  spared  to  improve  his  breed,  to  arrive  at  perfection  in 
speed,  endurance  and  condition  ;  and  that  chariot-i'acing  stood 
the  highest,  in  point  of  honor,  of  all  the  contests  of  the  Olympic 
games.  For  it  is  so  early  as  the  25th  Olympiad,  equivalent  to 
the  year  680  before  the  Christian  era,  that  chariot-races  were 
introduced  among  the  Olympian  contests,  which  had  then  been 
established  ninety-six  years,  whereas  the  battle  of  Plattea  was 
not  fought  until  the  second  j^ear  of  the  seventy-fifth  Olympiad, 
corresponding  to  478  B.  C,  or  nearly  two  centuries  after  the 
introduction  of  horse-racing,  among  the  Greeks. 

To  such  an  extent,  moreover,  was  this  display  of  horse- 
racing— for  of  those  days  it  hardly  can  be  termed  a  sport — • 
prosecuted,  that  Alcibiades,  the  Athenian,  who  lived  at  the  very 
date  of  which  we  are  treating,  sent  at  one  time  no  less  than 
seven  four-horse  chariots  to  the  Olympic  games,  three  of  which 
obtained  prizes  ;  and  that  the  satirical  comedian,  Aristophanes, 
speaks  of  the  horse-breeding  mania  among  the  noble  youths  of 
Athens,  who,  like  the  Iloman  equites  in  later  days,  took  rank 
in  consequence  of  their  serving  on  horseback  at  their  own 
charges,  as  a  constant  cause  of  impoverishment  and  ruin*  — 
precisely  as  we  moderns  speak  of  the  ruinous  expenses  and 
results  of  Epsom  and  Newmarket. 

The  nature  of  the  country,  it  is  true,  both  in  the  Pelopon- 
nesus and  in  all  Upj)er  Greece,  southward  of  the  great  open 
plains  of  Thessaly,  being  mountainous.  Math  gorges  and  ravines, 
rather  than  valleys,  intervening,  is  unsuited  generally  to  the 
horse  ;  and,  in  confii'raation  of  this  view  of  the  subject,  it  may 
be  observed  that  the  Boeotians,  who  possessed  more  level  land 

*  In  a  fine  chorus  of  the  'nnriTs,  addressed  to  Neptune. — See  Mitchell's  Tr. 
Lord  of  the  waters,  King  of  might, 
Whose  eyes  and  ears  take  stern  deUght 
In  neighing  steeds  and  stormy  fight 

And  galleys  swift  pursuing  ; 
And  starting  car  and  chariot  gay, 
And  contests  on  that  festive  day. 
When  Athens'  sprightly  youth  display 
Their  pride  and  their  undoing. 


80  '  THE   HOKSE. 

than  any  other  of  the  pure  Greek  States,  also  excelled,  com- 
paratively speaking,  in  their  cavalry. 

To  the  same  cause,  doubtless,  must  be  ascribed  the  deiiciency 
or  rather  total  absence  of  cavalry  among  the  Israelites,  a  singu- 
larly brave,  warlike  and  conquering  people,  who,  nevertheless, 
so  totally  neglected  the  horse,  for  which  animal  their  rocky, 
precipitous  and  stony  country  is  especially  unsuited,  that  it  Avas 
not  even  used  among  them  for  purposes  of  state  or  show,  the 
ass,  on  the  contrary,  being  the  saddle-animal  of  their  patriarchs, 
their  princes,  and  their  prophets,  and  the  beast,  on  which  the 
Saviour  of  the  Universe  entered  the  streets  of  Jerusalem,  palm 
branches  strewn  beneath  his  feet,  amid  Hosannahs,  hailing  him 
King  of  the  Jews.* 

The  first  Greek,  who  seems  to  have  paid  particular  attention 
to  the  horse,  on  which  he  wrote  an  admirable  treatise,  is  Xeno- 
plion,  the  celebrated  captain  of  the  retreat  of  the  ten  thousand, 
who  was,  no  less  deservedly,  famous  as  a  horseman  and  a  hunter, 
than  he  was  as  a  soldier  and  a  statesman.  Of  this  woi'k  I  shall 
have  occasion  to  speak  hereafter,  when  treating  of  the  Greek 
horse  as  a  special  variety. 

We  have  seen  thus  far,  that  so  late  as  the  early  Persian, 
and,  I  may  add,  during  the  Peloponnesian  wars,  the  cavalry  of 

*  It  is  well  worthy  of  especial  remark,  as  is  observed,  I  think  originally  in  Mr. 
Winter's  excellent  work  on  the  horse,  that  the  attributing  the  adoption  of  this 
animal,  on  the  occasion  of  the  triumphal  entry  of  the  Saviour  into  Jerusalem, 
"  meekly  riding  on  an  ass,"  to  humility^  is  an  error  on  the  part  of  modern  divines, 
not  supported  by  any  fact,  but  wholly  at  variance  with  the  ancient  and  even  the 
present  usage  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  Holy  Land. 

"Asses,"  he  says  "were  once  more  highly  esteemed  in  Palestine  than  horses,  for 
reasons  before  stated,  and  people  of  the  first  quality  there  commonly  rode  on  them. 
Deborah,  in  her  song,  describes  the  great  and  powerful  of  Israel  by  the  expression, 
'  Ye  that  ride  on  white  asses.'  At  the  present  day,  a  breed  of  white  asses,  cele- 
brated for  its  excellence,  is  found  near  Bussorah.  This  race  is  cultivated  with  the 
greatest  attention,  and  is  supposed  by  Lieut.  Col.  Smith  to  be  as  ancient  as  the  time 
of  the  kings  of  Judah.  Jair  of  Gilead  had  thirty  sons,  who  rode  upon  as  many 
asses,  and  commanded  in  thirty  cities.  Abdon,  one  of  the  judges  of  Israel,  had 
forty  sons  and  thirty  grandsons,  who  rode  on  seventy  asses. 

"  Moses  had  previously  forbidden  the  use  of  horses,  on  account  of  their  being 
more  unfitted  to  the  country  than  asses." 

This  unfitness  consists  principally  in  the  flexibility  of  the  pastern,  flatness  of  the 
hoof,  and  thinness  of  the  horny  crust,  in  the  horse,  as  compared  with  the  upright, 
rigid,  and  hard  foot  of  the  ass,  especially  before  the  use  of  horse-shoes. 


CAVALRY    IN    GREECE.  31 

Greoce  was  of  small  numerical  use  and  of  inferior  consideration, 
in  tlie  daj  of  battle  ;  although,  according  to  Xenophon's  direc- 
tions for  the  armament  and  equipment  of  a  trooper,  they  were 
certainly  formidably  accoutred  and  well  drilled  for  active  ser- 
vice. So  soon,  howev^er,  as  the  Macedonians,  whose  kings  were 
of  the  old  heroic  stock  of  Hellas,  though  the  people  were  not 
esteemed  Greeks — in  proof  of  which  assertion,  it  may  be  stated 
that  the  kings  had  always  been  allowed,  on  proving  their  pedi- 
grees, to  contend  in  the  Olympic  games,  to  which  none  but 
Greeks  were  admitted — so  soon,  I  say,  as  the  Macedonian  kings 
came  into  the  shock  of  battle,  whether  Greek  to  Greek,  or  Greek 
to  Barbarian,  the  Thessalian,  Acarnanian  and  Thracian  horses, 
the  latter  bred  on  the  boundless  plains  between  the  Archipelago 
and  the  Danube,  were  brought  into  play  ;  and  cavalry  at  once 
became  an  important  part  of  armies,  and,  often  from  this  time, 
the  arm  which  turned  the  balanced  scale  of  victory. 

In  all  Alexander's  battles,  he  himself  charged  at  the  head 
of  his  splendid  cavalry,  having  a  good  deal  of  the  paladin  of 
chivalry  in  his  temper  and  constitution,  and  for  the  most  part 
made  the  final  impression  by  that  irresistible  onset. 

From  this  time  forward,  the  cavalry  was  a  favorite  and  suc- 
cessful arm  with  the  Greeks.  Philopoemen,  the  general  of  the 
Achaean  league,  was  the  best  cavahy  officer  of  the  world,  the 
Murat  of  his  day.  Pyrrhus  of  Epirus,  the  successor  of  Alex- 
ander, and  descendant,  as  he  claimed  it,  of  Achilles,  relied 
much  on  the  charge  of  his  barded  cuirassiers,  in  his  wars  against 
the  Romans — who  never,  to  the  end  of  their  marvellous  history 
of  universal  conquest,  did  any  thing  with  Italian  native  horse, 
or  indeed  with  cavalry  at  all,  until  they  had  Numidian,  Span- 
ish, Gallic  and  German  troopers  in  their  armies. 

The  same  was  the  case  with  the  latter  Philip  of  Macedon, 
and  his  son  Perseus,  against  whose  superior  horse  the  Poman 
consuls  could  make  head  only  by  the  assistance  of  their  JEtolian 
and  Acarnanian  allies,  the  blood  of  the  Greek  horses  of  that 
day,  coming  from  the  extreme  east  of  Euro]3e,  being  incompar- 
ably superior  to  that  of  the  west,  which  probably  had  then  re- 
ceived no  further  mixture  of  the  oriental  strain,  since  their  first 
introduction  frem  their  native  land ;  whence  by  a  course  of 
continued  breeding-in-and-in  they  had  seriously  deteriorated — a 


32  THE  noRSE. 

deterioration  wliicli  became  yet  more  palpably  manifest,  wbeii 
they  were  opposed  to  the  IS^umidian  barbs  of  Hannibal,  only  to 
be  SAvept  away  like  dust  before  the  whirlwind. 

With  regard  to  the  general  character  and  appearance  of  the 
ancient,  and  more  especially  the  Greek  horse,  we  have  two 
means  of  forming  an  opinion — first,  from  the  various  sculptures 
yet  extant  of  this  animal,  both  in  harness  and  mounted  ;  and 
second,  from  the  elaborate  and  admirable  directions  given  by 
Xenophon — -jrepl  i7r7riKr]<i  cap.  1.  2.  &  sq — for  purchasing,  ac- 
cording to  exterior  points ;  "  since,"  he  observes,  "  there  is 
no  means  of  j^roving  his  temjDer,  until  one  shall  have  backed 
liim." 

Of  sculptures,  the  oldest  probably  in  existence,  many  of 
them  contemporaneous  with  the  kings  of  Assyria,  who  figure 
in  the  pages  of  Holy  Writ,  certainly  the  oldest  yet  discovered, 
are  those  wondrous  relics,  disinterred  by  Layard  from  the  ruins 
of  Nineveh,  illustrative  of  almost  every  phase  of  regal  and 
military  life — and  the  two  epithets,  at  that  day,  were  nearly 
one — when  real  warfare,  or  its  mimicry,  the  chase  of  dangerous 
and  savage  beasts,  were  the  sole  out-of-door  occu]3ation  of  the 
chiefs  and  heroes  of  those  undegenerate  ages. 

In  these  sculptures,  the  horse  figures  continually  in  almost 
every  attitude  and  pace  ;  l)ut  in  most  instances  he  is  represented 
as  an  animal  of  draught,  harnessed  singly,  two,  or  four  abreast, 
to  chariots  of  light  construction,  which  he  is  often  drawing  at  a 
tearing  gallop,  but  rarely  carrying  a  mounted  rider. 

In  all  these  sculptures,  he  is  represented  as  a  remarkably 
high-crested,  large-headed,  heavy-shouldered  animal,  rather 
long-bodied,  powerfully  limbed,  his  neck  clothed  with  volumes 
of  shaggy  mane,  which  is  often  plaited  into  regular  and  fanciful 
braids,  and  his  tail  coarse  and  abundant,  frequently  ornamented 
similarly  to  his  own  mane  and  to  the  beard  and  hair  of  his 
driver.  He,  therefore,  had  nothing  of  the  modern  Arab  in  his 
form  or  character. 

The  carvings  are  exquisitely  fine,  the  attitudes  sjiiritejd  and 
striking,  and  there  are  not  unusually  seen  attempts  at  indicating 
the  anatomical  structure,  and  course  of  arteries,  sincM's  and 
muscles.  We  have  no  reason,  therefore,  to  doubt  that  the  general 
character,  bearing,  and  aspect  of  the  animal  are  truly  kept, 


ATTIC    HOESES,    OF   PHIDIAS,  33 

or  that  the  delineations  were  made  from  what  was  then  consid- 
ered  the  finest  and  most  perfect  type  of  the  creature,  wliich  is 
generally  represented  as  ministering  to  the  pleasures  of  the 
great  king. 

In  all  respects,  then,  it  must  be  observed,  the  horses  of  the 
oriental  royalties,  which  were  harnessed  in  the  scythed  cars  of 
those  Assyrian  conquerors,  who  came  down  on  Israel  "  like  the 
wolf  on  tlie  fold ;  "  and  in  the  iron  chariots  of  those  Phoenician 
kings  of  Canaan,  who  "fought  in  Taanach  by  the  waters  of 
Megiddo,"  when  "  the  river  of  Kishon  swept  them  away,  that 
ancient  river,  the  river  Kishon,"  were  as  unlike  as  possible  to 
the  low-statured,  delicate-limbed,  small-headed  Arabs  and 
Barbs,  with  their  basin-faces,  large  full  eyes,  and  long  thin 
manes,  from  which  the  modern  blood  horse  has  derived  his  pe- 
culiar excellence. 

Next  to  these,  probably,  in  antiquity,  and  infinitely  surpass- 
ing them  in  beauty  of  design  and  perfection  of  execution,— sur- 
passing, it  is  likely,  any  thing  that  ever  has  been,  or  that  ever 
will  be  performed  in  sculpture,  we  have  the  superb  equestrian 
gi'oups  from  the  Propylsea  of  the  temple  of  Minerva  in  the 
Acropolis  at  Athens,  preserved  in  the  British  Museum,  and  imi- 
versally  known  as  the  Elgin  marbles  ;  which  are  generally  sup- 
posed to  be  the  work  of  Phidias  and  his  pupils  ;  the  work  of 
the  Athenian  chisel,  surely,  when  Grecian  art  was  at  its  highest 
flight,  and  when  the  Attic  mania  for  horse-breeding  was  at  the 
extreme  of  fashion. 

The  attitudes  and  action  of  the  cavalry  and  the  seats  of  the 
cavaliers,  the  liigh-born  hipj?eis,  which,  word,  like  its  equivalent 
the  Roman  cquites,  we  erroneously  translate  knights,  are  inimi- 
table. ISTothing  that  the  pencil,  the  burin,  or  tlie  chisel,  ever 
has  delineated,  excels,  if  it  equals,  these  sculptures,  destined 
only  to  be  regarded  from  a  distance,  as  being  the  decorations  of 
the  frieze  of  a  gigantic  temple,  for  freedom,  ease,  vigor  and  spirit. 

In  one  of  the  finest  groups  some  half-dozen  riders  are  cara- 
coling gayly  along,  their  horses  well  thrown  back  on  their 
haunches,  some  going  disunited,  some  at  a  regular  and  perfect 
canter,  and  sitting  the  animals  with  a  pose  of  such  perfect  bal- 
ance, ease,  aplomb  and  grace,  so  that  the  rider's  hand  is  entirely 
independent  of  his  seat,  as  proves  that  equestrianism,  as  an  art 
YoL.  I.— 3 


34  THE   nOESE. 

and  a  grace,  must  have  been  cultivated  to  a  high  degree  in 
Athens,  how  deficient  soever  the  state  might  be  in  cavahy,  as 
an  arm  of  the  service. 

Tliese  horses,  then,  of  Minerva  on  the  Acropolis,  hard  by 
the  spot  where  the  first  of  the  race  was  fabled  in  the  ancient 
mythos  to  have  sprung  from  the  earth  at  the  summoning  of  the 
world- shaker's  trident,  carved  from  the  pure  Pentelical  or  Pa- 
rian rock,  in  the  school,  if  not  by  the  hand,  of  the  greatest  of 
Greek  sculptors,  may  be  presumed  copies  from  the  most  per- 
fect type  of  the  Greek,  as  the  sculptures  of  Nineveh  have  been 
assumed  to  be  models  of  the  Assyrian  or  oriental  courser. 

Now,  judging  from  these  sculptures,  the  Greek  horse  was 
not  above  fourteen  and  a  half  hands  in  height  ;  and,  instead  of 
the  graceful,  spiry  formation  of  the  Arab,  the  Barb,  or  the 
Thorough-bred,  had  the  short,  rigid,  stocky  shapes  of  the  Gal- 
loway or  Cob.  They  are  all  what  is  vulgarly  termed  cock- 
thrappled, — that  is  to  say,  having  the  windpipe  and  fore-neck, 
above  its  insertion  in  the  chest,  projected  like  the  same  parts  of 
a  game-cock  when  in  the  act  of  crowing — a  fault  in  formation, 
which  renders  it  impossible  for  the  animal  to  bring  his  chin 
in  to  his  chest,  when  curbed  upon  his  haunches  ;  and,  with 
their  hogged  manes,  short,  closely-ribbed,  round  barrels,  heavy 
joints,  short,  stiff  pasterns,  and  high,  upright  hoofs,  look  like, 
what  they  doubtless  were,  a  large  breed  of  clever,  active,  able 
Galloways. 

In  my  youth,  I  have  seen  fifty,  and  owned  and  ridden  near- 
ly half-a-dozen,  half  or  one  third  bred  Galloways,  which  retain- 
ing the  exact  cut  and  type  of  the  original  Scottish  Galloway 
pony,  had  some  admixture  of  pure  blood,  and  any  one  of  these 
might  have  served  as  an  exemplar  for  the  Athenian  horse  of 
the  Elgin  marbles. 

The  description  of  animal  I  mean,  though  rarely  seen  in 
this  country,  is  common  enough  in  England,  being  that  to 
which  the  sons  of  the  landed  gentry,  while  learning  to  ride,  are 
ordinarily  promoted,  as  an  intermediate  step  between  the  small 
pony  and  the  full-blooded  hunter.  I  have  seen  some  of  them 
carry  their  light-weight-riders  well  up  to  hounds,  and  hold  a 
good  place  among  real  horses  with  men  on  their  backs.  But, 
as  horses  to  be  backed  by  men,  they  would  be  nowhere  on  a 


ATTIC   HOKSES,    OF   XENOPHON.  35 

race-course,  nowhere  in  a  hunting  field,  and  worse  tlian  nowhere 
in  a  cavalry  action. 

This,  of  course,  accounts  easil}''  enough  for  the  small  use  of 
cavalry  bj  the  ancients  in  action,  especially  against  the  favorito 
tactic  of  the  phalanx,  which,  while  in  unshaken  order,  would 
have  hurled  back  the  charge  of  Murat's  or  Milhaud's  cuiras- 
siers, as  a  rock  does  the  surges. 

We  now  come  to  the  writings  of  Xenophon,  which,  as  the 
animal  he  describes  is  evidently  identical  with  the  horse  of  the 
Phidian  school  of  sculpture,  furnish  a  complete  reply  to  the  ar- 
gument of  those,  who  would  insinuate  that  works  of  art  are  not 
to  be  construed  into  copies  of  existing  realities,  but  are  simply 
expressions  of  an  ideal  type  ;  and  who  consequently  argue,  that 
the  horses  of  the  Elgin  marbles,  like  the  lions  of  Rubens,  are 
poetical  or  artistical  fictions ;  not,  like  the  Bulls  of  Paul  Potter 
and  the  Dogs  of  Landseer,  the  present  images  of  the  creatures 
which  they  represent. 

I  have  said  that  Xenoj)hon's  instructions  are  admirable,  and 
the  points  on  which  he  insists,  as  well  as  his  reasons  for  insist- 
ing on  them,  precisely  those  which  would  be  required  and  as- 
signed by  an  expert  veterinarian  to-day.  They  are,  however, 
the  points,  as  I  have  observed,  of  a  clever  active  Galloway  or 
Cob,  not  of  a  thorough-bred,  a  hunter,  or  even  a  cavalry  charger, 
much  less  of  a  pure  Barb  or  Arab. 

"  First,"  he  says,  "  we  will  write,  how  one  may  be  the  least 
deceived  in  the  purchase  of  horses.  It  is  evident,  then,  that  of 
the  unbroken  colt  one  must  judge  by  the  bodily  construction  ; 
since,  if  he  have  never  been  backed,  he  will  afi'ord  no  very  clear 
evidences  of  his  spirit.  Of  his  body,  then,  we  say  that  it  is 
necessary  first  to  examine  the  feet ;  for,  as  in  a  house  it  matters 
not  how  fine  may  be  the  superstructure,  if  there  be  not  sufiicient 
foundations,  so  in  a  war  horse  there  is  no  utility,  no,  not  if  he 
have  all  other  points  perfect,  but  be  badly  footed.  But  in  ex- 
amining the  feet,  it  is  befitting  first  to  look  to  the  horny  portion 
of  the  hoofs,  for  those  horses  which  have  the  horn  thick,  are  far 
superior  in  their  feet  to  those  which  have  it  thin.  Nor  will  it 
be  well  if  one  fail,  next,  to  observe  whether  the  hoofs  be  up- 
right, both  before  and  behind,  or  low  and  flat  to  the  ground  ; 
for  high  hoofs  keep  the  frog  at  a  distance  from  the  earth,  while 


36  THE   HORSE. 

the  flat  tread  Avitli  equal  pressure  on  the  soft  and  liard  parts  of 
the  foot,  as  is  the  case  with  bandy-legged  men.  And  Simon 
justly  observes,  that  well-footed  horses  can  be  known  by  the 
Bound  of  their  tramp,  for  the  hollow  hoof  rings  like  a  cymbal, 
when  it  strikes  the  solid  earth.  But  having  begun  from  below, 
let  us  ascend  to  the  other  parts  of  the  body.  It  is  needful,  then, 
that  the  parts  above  the  hoof  and  below  the  fetlocks" — viz.  the 
pasterns — "  be  not  too  erect,  like  those  of  the  goat ;  for  legs  of 
this  kind,  being  stifi'  and  inflexible,  are  apt  to  jar  the  rider,  and 
are  more  liable  to  inflammation.  The  bones  must  not,  however, 
be  too  low  and  springy,  for  in  that  case  the  fetlocks  are  liable 
to  be  abraded  and  wounded,  if  the  horse  be  galloped  over  clods 
or  stones.  The  bones  of  the  shanks" — the  cannon  bones — 
"  should  be  thick,  for  these  are  the  columns  wliicli  support  the 
body ;  but  they  should  not  have  the  veins  and  flesh  thick,  like- 
wise. For,  if  they  have,  when  the  horse  shall  be  gallopped  in 
difficult  ground,  they  will  necessarily  be  filled  with  blood,  and 
will  become  varicose,  so  that  the  shanks  will  be  thickened,  and 
the  skin  be  distended  and  relaxed  from  the  bone ;  and,  when 
this  is  the  case,  it  often  follows,  that  the  back  sinew  gives  way 
and  renders  the  horse  lame.  But  if  the  horse,  when  in  action, 
bend  his  knees  flexibly  at  a  walk,  you  may  judge  that  he  will 
have  his  legs  flexible  when  in  full  career ;  for  all  horses  as  they 
increase  in  years,  increase  in  the  flexibility  of  the  knee.  And 
flexible  goers  are  esteemed  highly,  and  with  justice  ;  for  such 
horses  are  much  less  liable  to  blunder  or  to  stumble  than  those 
which  have  rigid,  unbending  joints.  But  if  the  arms,  below  the 
shoulder  blades,  be  thick  and  muscular,  they  appear  stronger 
and  handsomer,  as  is  the  case  also  with  a  man.  The  breast  also 
should  be  broad,  as  well  for  beauty  as  for  strength,  and  because 
it  causes  a  handsomer  action  of  the  forelegs,  which  do  not  then 
interfere,  but  are  carried  wide  apart.  And  again,  the  neck 
ought  not  to  be  set  on,  like  that  of  a  boar,  horizontally  from  the 
chest ;  but,  like  that  of  a  game-cock,  should  be  upright  toward 
the  crest,  and  slack  toward  tlie  flexure  •  and  tiie  head  being  long, 
should  have  a  small  and  narrow  jawbone,  so  that  the  neck  shall 
be  in  front  of  the  rider,  and  that  the  eye  shall  look  down  at 
what  is  before  the  feet.  A  horse  thus  made  will  be  the  least 
likely  to  run  violently  away,  even  if  he  be  very  high-spirited, 


POINTS    OF    THE    GREEK   HORSE.  37 

for  liorses  do  not  attempt  to  run  away  by  bringing  in,  but  by 
thrusting  out,  their  heads  and  necks.  It  is  also  very  necessary 
to  observe,  whether  the  mouth  be  fine  or  hard  on  both  sides, 
or  on  one  or  the  other.  For  liorses,  which  have  not  both  jaws 
equally  sensitive,  are  likely  to  be  hard-mouthed  on  one  side  or 
the  other.  And  it  is  better  that  a  horse  should  have  prominent 
than  hollow  eyes,  for  such  a  one  will  see  to  a  greater  distance. 
And  widely  opened  nostrils  are  far  better  for  respiration  than 
narrow,  and  they  give  the  horse  a  fiercer  aspect ;  for  when  one 
stallion  is  enraged  against  another,  or  if  he  become  angry  while 
being  ridden,  he  expands  his  nostrils  to  their  full  width.  And 
the  loftier  the  crest,  and  the  smaller  the  ears,  the  more  horse- 
like and  handsome  is  the  head  rendered  ;  wdiile  lofty  withers 
give  the  rider  a  surer  seat,  and  produce  a  firmer  adhesion  be- 
tween the  body  and  shoulders.  A  double  loin  is  also  softer  to 
sit  upon  and  pleasanter  to  look  upon,  than  if  it  be  single  ;  and 
a  deep  side,  rounded  toward  the  belly,  renders  the  horse  easier 
to  sit,  and  stronger,  and  more  easy  to  be  kejDt  in  condition  ;  and 
the  shorter  and  broader  the  loin,  the  more  easily  will  the  horse 
raise  his  fore-quarters,  and  collect  his  hind-quarters  under  him, 
in-  going.  These  points,  moreover,  cause  the  belly  to  appear 
the  smaller  ;  which,  if  it  be  large,  at  once  injures  the  appearance 
of  the  animal  and  renders  him  weaker,  and  less  manageable. 
The  quarters  should  be  broad  and  fleshy,  in  order  to  correspond 
with  the  sides  and  chest,  and,  should  they  be  entirely  firm  and 
solid,  they  would  be  the  lighter  in  the  gallop,  and  the  horse 
would  be  the  speedier.  But  if  he  should  have  his  buttocks 
separated  under  the  tail  by  a  broad  line,  he  w^ill  bring  his  hind 
legs  under  him,  with  a  wider  space  between  them  ;  and  so 
doing  he  will  have  a  prouder  and  stronger  gait  and  action,  and 
will,  in  all  respects,  be  the  better  on  them.  A  proof  of  which 
is  to  be  had  in  men,  who,  when  they  desire  to  raise  any  thing 
from  the  ground,  attempt  it  by  straddling  their  legs,  not  by  bring- 
ing them  close  together.  Stallions  should  not  have  the  testes 
large,  and  this  ought  not  to  be  overlooked  in  foals.  To  con- 
clude, in  regard  to  the  lower  joints,  of  the  shanks,  namely,  and 
the  fetlocks  and  the  hoofs,  behind,  I  have  the  same  remarks  to 
make,  and  no  others,  than  those  which  I  have  made  above." 
In  reference  to  this  passage,  I  would  remark  that,  although 


38  THE   HORSE. 

it  cannot  be  denied  that  all  tlie  points  are  correctly  stated,  and 
the  reasons  for  preference  clearly  and  truly  laid  down,  no  one, 
at  all  conversant  with  the  horse,  can  fail  to  perceive,  that  the 
whole  advice  points  to  the  acquisition,  as  the  most  admirable 
piece  of  horse-flesh,  of  a  short,  round-barrelled,  stocky,  active 
beast,  well  u23on  his  legs,  with  his  hocks  fairly  under  him,  with 
a  lofty  crest  and  somewhat  heavy  forehand,  though  he  insists 
on  high  withers. 

In  short,  his  ideal  of  the  horse  is  the  very  horse  of  the  Elgin 
marbles,  something  closely  allied  to  the  improved  English  road 
ster  of  the  last  half  century,  an  animal  framed  for  strength 
combined  with  hardiness  and  quickness,  but  wholly  destitute, 
or,  if  not  wholly,  nearly  so,  of  blood,  stride,  or  speed. 

In  the  Greek  horse,  as  in  that  of  Assyria,  it  is  very  evident, 
that  there  was  little  or  nothing  of  what  we  call  blood,  or  affinity 
to  the  Arab  and  Barb,  as  they  now  exist,  in  their  native  land, 
much  less  to  the  improved  strain  of  the  English  and  American 
thoroughbred. 

This  brings  us  fairly  to  the  Eoman  horse  ;  and  here  we  find 
the  same  inferiority  of  the  animal,  and  of  the  art  or  habit  of 
using  him,  as  among  the  G-reeks,  only  in  a  yet  greater  degree. 
In  the  early  ages  of  the  republic,  the  cavalry  of  the  Roman 
armies  was  composed  of  the  youths  of  the  monetary  aristocracy, 
who  served  on  horseback  partially  at  their  own  expense,  enjoy- 
ing in  consequence  certain  privileges,  and  exemptions,  and  a 
positive  rank  in  the  state,  second  only  to  the  patrician  senators 
and  the  holders  of  senatorial  offices.  These  men,  who  were 
termed  equites  or  horsemen,  a  word  which  has  been  universally 
and  erroneously  rendered  knights,  giving  a  false  idea  of  the 
character  and  nature  of  the  order,  as  if  the  members  of  it  were 
a  chivalric  fraternity  bound  by  a  vow,  instead  of  a  political 
class,  owed  their  origin,  it  is  said,  to  Komulus  ;  who  instituted 
three  centuries  of  youths,  whom  he  called  celeres,  serving  on 
horseback  and  acting  as  his  body  guard.  Their  number  would 
appear  to  have  been  increased  nearly  at  the  end  of  the  mon- 
archy, by  the  Servian  constitutions,  from  three,  to  about  eighteen 
hundred ;  and  all  these,  the  select  men  of  a  wealthy  class,  were 
bound  to  serve  mounted,  at  their  own  charge,  when  the  exigen- 
cies of  the  public  service  did  not  allow  a  horse  to  be  given  them, 


ROMAN    CAVALRY    SERVICE.  39 

as  it  ordinarily  was,  by  the  state.  Subsequently,  every  person 
who  came  into  the  possession  of  a  fortune  of  400,000  asses^^ 
became,  ex  ipso  facto,  an  eq^ues,  and  was  liable  to  do  cavalry 
duty.  A  sufficiently  absurd  plan,  one  would  say,  for  the  or- 
ganization of  an  eifective  body  of  troopers  ;  who,  if  any  troops 
in  the  world,  require  minute  drilling,  constant  exercise,  and  the 
closest  habitude  as  well  to  horsemanship,  as  to  the  use  of  arms. 

The  truth  is,  that  the  Komans  were  in  no  respect  an  eques- 
trian people,  even  while  their  armies  consisted  mainly  of  agri- 
culturists and  tillers  of  the  ground.  We  find,  comparatively, 
few  notices  of  the  horse  among  their  classic  writers,  and  such 
as  we  do  find  principally  imitated  from  the  early  Greek  Poets, 
who  wrote  of  a  state  of  warfare,  Asiatic  rather  than  European. 
From  such  brief  and  scattered  mentions  of  the  horse,  however, 
as  we  have,  it  is  to  be  inferred  that  the  native  breed  of  this 
animal  was  of  no  excellence  ;  and  that  it  was  usual  to  seek  the 
superior  breeds  of  Calabria  and  Lucania,  where  the  population, 
being  more  or  less  of  Greek  origin  or  connected  with  the  Greeks, 
had  in  some  degree  the  equestrian  tastes,  and  perhaps  the  same 
strain  of  blood  with  their  ancestry. 

In  no  instance  had  a  Roman  consular  army,  which  consisted 
of  two  legions,  of  four  thousand  two  hundred  infantry  each, 
above  six  hundred  horse  ;  a  proportion  ludicrously  ineflicient, 
being  exactly  as  one  mounted  man  to  fourteen  infantry  soldiers ; 
whereas  the  true  ratio  is  one  cavalry  soldier  to  five  footmen — 
on  which  basis  the  famous  divisions  of  Napoleon  were  con- 
stituted. 

This  fact  speaks  volumes  for  the  poverty  of  the  Romans  in 
horses,  and  their  inaptitude  for  the  service  ;  and  still  more  does 
it  testify  to  the  same  thing,  that,  when  they  commanded  the 
alliance  of  the  Latin  states,  the  cavalry  of  the  two  contingent 
Latin  legions  was  double  that  of  the  Roman  quota.  This,  how- 
ever, only  raised  the  cavalry  attached  to  a  Roman  consular 
army,  in  the  time  of  the  second  Punic  war,  when  the  state  was 
making  every  exertion  to  resist  its  most  formidable  enemy,  who 
commanded  the  services  of  the  finest  horse  then  existing  in  the 
known  world,  to  eighteen  hundred  horse  attached  to  sixteen 

*  The  Roman  as  was  a  brass  coin  of  the  value  of  a  fraction  more  than  a  cent. 


40  THE   HOKSE. 

thousand  eiglit  hundred  foot,  or  a  ratio  of  about  one  of  the 
former  to  nine  of  the  latter. 

So  long  as  the  Romans  were  engaged  in  Italian  wars  only — ■ 
though  from  the  above  facts  relative  to  the  constitution  of  the 
native  and  Latin  contingents,  when  the  nations  were  acting  in 
unison,  it  is  to  be  assumed  that  the  Romans  were  numeri- 
cally inferior  to  their  adversaries — they  appear  to  have  been 
able  to  contend  with  them  on  equal,  if  not  superior  terms,  even 
with  this  arm,  in  the  field.  Hence,  we  may  argue  that  the 
horses  of  the  Italians  were  equally  bad  with  those  of  the 
Romans,  but  that  the  superior  vigor  of  the  Roman  man,  whe- 
ther on  foot  or  on  horseback,  prevailed. 

The  moment  they  were  brought  into  contact  with  foreign 
cavalry,  Macedonic  and  Epirotic  troojDers,  mounted  beyond 
doubt  on  Tracian  and  Thessalian— that  is  to  say,  what  we  should 
now  designate  Turkish — horses,  under  Pyrrhus,  and,  yet  more 
distinctly,  with  Numidian  horse,  undoubtedly  pure  Barbs  of  the 
desert,  under  Hannibal,  the  inferiority  of  the  Italians  in  every 
thing  pertaining  to  equestrianism,  was  demonstrated. 

It  seems  almost  to  have  been  acknowledged ;  for  we  find 
that  Cgesar,  during  his  wonderful  career  of  Gallic  victories,  had 
no  Roman  horse  whatever  in  his  service,  but  relied  wholly  on 
the  cavalry  of  the  friendly  Gaulish  tribes  for  that  arm ;  and 
once  we  find  him,  when  doubtful  of  the  faith  of  his  auxiliaries, 
reduced  to  the  necessity  of  mounting  the  legionary  infantry  on 
Gallic  horses. 

In  his  final  conflict  with  Pompey,  his  horsemen,  who  were 
unquestionably  Gauls,  as  indeed  were  a  large  share  of  his  le- 
gions, rode  through  the  high-born  Roman  horse  of  his  rival,  as  did 
the  British  heavy  cavalry  at  Balaclava  through  the  Russian 
dragoons,  as  if  they  had  been  lines  of  pasteboard. 

At  the  same  time,  Crassus  in  Asia  was  totally  defeated  and 
destroyed  by  the  oriental  horse  of  Parthia ;  a  fate  narrowly  es- 
caped a  few  years  afterwards,  by  that  consummate  soldier  Marc 
Antony,  and  escaped  only  by  dint  of  admirable  skill  and  bra- 
very ;  a  fate  not  escaped  by  Valerian,  or  by  that  great  captain, 
Julian,  or  by  any  other  Roman  Emperor  or  chief,  who  attempted 
to  contest  the  palm  of  victoiy  with  Italian  or  western  cavalry 
against  the   innumerable    and  indomitable  clouds  of  oriental 


THE   ITALIAN    HOKSE.  .^  41 

horse ;  which  from  that  time  maintained  their  superiority  mi- 
disputed,  until  outdone  by  the  superior  offspring  of  their  own 
blood,  bred  on  British  and  American  soil,  by  the  aid  of  western 
enterprise  and  the  lights  of  western  science. 

Of  the  Italian  horse,  therefore,  it  may,  I  think,  safely  be  pre- 
dicated that  it  has  been  from  all  time,  what  it  is  now,  nearly  a 
worthless  animal. 

It  must  not,  however,  be  overlooked  in  the  history  of  the 
horse,  that,  how  little  soever  it  may  owe  of  blood  to  the  Eomans 
directly,  the  race  throughout  all  western  Europe  is  probably  in- 
debted more  largely  to  those  world-conquerors,  indirectly^  than 
to  many  individuals  and  nations,  who  have  purposely  encour- 
aged the  production  and  aimed  at  the  improvement  of  this  no- 
ble animal. 

Their  constant  habit  of  guarding  and  garrisoning  one  con- 
quered province,  by  the  mercenary  or  subsidiary  contingents 
raised  from  another,  and  their  very  deficiency  of  indigenous 
horses,  leading  to  the  employment  of  the  best  equestrian  na- 
tions of  their  subjects  or  allies,  brought  about  a  constant  rota- 
tion of  breeds,  and  strains  of  blood,  in  all  the  provinces,  an  ad- 
vantage which  Italy  itself  did  not  share,  and  consequently  a 
constant  admixture  of  the  native  with  the  best  imported  ani- 
mals. 

For  it  will  be  remembered  that  the  Barbaric  tribes  all  rode 
perfect  stallions  ;  and  it  cannot  be  doubted,  but  that  the  native 
mares  would  be  brought  into  constant  familiarity  and  connec- 
tion with  the  foreigners. 

Whence  came  originally  the  Gaulish  and  British  stock,  is, 
as  I  liave  above  mentioned,  doubtful.  There  are  some  reasons 
for  believing  the  horse  to  have  been  indigenous  to  Great  Britain, 
and  possibly  to  Gaul  also.  It  is  quite  as  probable,  however, 
that  this  race  may  have  been  introduced  into  France  by  eques- 
trian tribes,  migrating  to  the  northward  of  the  Alps,  as  we  know 
that  tribes  did  migrate,  from  the  plains  of  Scythia,  Thrace,  and 
Carpatliia,  and  thence  introduced  across  the  channel  to  England, 
where  they  were  found  by  Ceesar. 

Certain  it  is,  at  all  events,  that,  when  the  Belgic,  Celtic, 
Germanic,  and  Britannic  tribes  were  first  known  to  the  Romans, 
they  were  all  possessed  of  numerous  and  formidable  cavalries  ; 


42  THE   nORSE. 

that,  although  inferior  to  the  Eomaiis,  as  barbarians  to  highly 
civilized  men,  in  science,  discipline  and  military  skill,  they  were 
superior  to  them  individually  in  equestrian  prowess  :  and,  I 
think  it  is  fair  to  infer,  in  the  strain  of  their  equine  blood,  like- 
wise ;  since  we  find  that,  although  to  the  end  of  their  real  great- 
ness the  Romans  constantly  preferred  the  use  of  native  infantry, 
they  as  constantly  employed  foreign,  that  is  to  say  Gaulish,  Ger- 
man, Tracian,  Spanish  and  Numidian  horse  squadrons. 

It  is  certain,  therefore,  that  all  the  western  provinces  of  the 
republic  and  empire,  were  at  some  time  or  other  successively 
garrisoned  by  cavalry  squadrons  of  all  these  nations,  and  that 
their  native  horses  were  more  or  less  crossed  and  improved  by 
the  blood  of  all. 

It  has  always  been  the  fashion  to  ascribe  the  excellence  of 
the  Spanish,  and  especially  of  the  Andalusian  blood,  to  the 
Arabic  invasion  of  Tarick  in  710  ;  but,  although  the  great 
benefit  derived  from  that  strain,  and  from  the  wise  encourage- 
ment given  by  the  refined  and  polished  Moors  to  this  branch  of 
national  power  and  greatness,  must  be  allowed,  I  look  much 
farther  back  for  the  source  of  blood,  whence  the  Spanish  horse 
derived  his  earliest  excellence. 

It  must  be  remembered  that  the  wonderful  Carthaginian  fam- 
ily of  Barca,  the  greatest  and  last  of  whom  was,  in  my  estimate, 
the  greatest  soldier,  and  only  not  the  greatest  statesman,  the 
world  has  ever  seen,  was  domiciled  for  years,  as  conquerors,  and 
ruled,  almost  as  indigenous  sovereigns,  over  all  the  Mediter- 
ranean and  Atlantic  shores  of  Spain,  from  Carthagena  to  Cadiz, 
at  the  head  of  powerful  native  African  armies,  accompanied  by 
numerous  and  incomparable  forces  of  Numidian  cavalry,  the 
desert  Barbs  of  the  Nomadic  Moors  and  Arabs. 

It  is  impossible  to  believe  that  such  a  state  of  things  could 
have  existed,  among  a  warlike  and  equestrian  people,  without 
their  seeking  to  improve  their  own  horses  by  the  admixture  of 
the  foreign  blood,  the  superiority  of  which  they  could  not  fail 
to  perceive  in  the  shock  of  battle,  even  apart  from  the  casual 
intercourse,  which  must  have  occurred,  between  the  indigenous 
mares  and  the  strange  troop-horses. 

Tliis,  doubtless,  was  the  first  cross  of  oriental  blood  upon  the 
Spanish  stock  ;  and  the  same  cross  must  also  have  taken  place, 


THE    SPANISH   HOESE.  43 

though  in  a  smaller  degree,  among  the  Gaulish  horseherds, 
during  the  six  months  occupied  by  Hannibal's  march  through 
their  country  from  the  Pyrenees  to  the  Ehone,  at  the  head  of 
eight  thousand  African  Barbs,  principally,  doubtless,  if  not  all, 
stallions. 

Exactly  at  the  time  when  this  ingrafted  blood  might  be  sup- 
posed to  be  in  process  of  deterioration,  in  consequence  of  in- 
breeding, and  perhaps  of  intentional  vitiation  by  the  introduc- 
tion of  Flemish  sires,  for  the  begetting  of  animals  capable  of 
bearing  tlie  men-at-arms  of  the  chivalric  ages  in  their  ponderous 
panoply,  oj)portunely  arrived  Tarik  with  his  hordes  of  desert 
horse  to  reinvigorate  the  depreciated  race. 

From  the  first,  in  all  probability,  of  these  intermixtures,  as 
well  as  from  the  horses  of  the  Thracian  and  German  troopers 
quartered  on  them  by  the  Roman  emperors,  the  British  horses 
of  the  old  stock,  as  found  by  the  Romans,  under  Cassivelan  and 
Caradoc,  directly  received  their  first  improvement.  Indirectly, 
we  know  that  they  did  so,  through  the  improved  second  Sj)anish 
cross,  introduced  largely  for  breeding  purposes  by  the  Saxon 
and  Norman  monarchs  of  the  southern  kingdom. 

Of  the  actual  Spanish  horse,  of  the  days  of  the  conquest  of 
South  America,  when  the  Spanish  horse  was  in  his  greatest  pu- 
rity and  perfection,  comes  the  wild  stock  of  the  South  American 
pampas,  and  of  the  southern  and  south-western  prairies  of  the 
United  States  ;  and  from  this,  to  a  certain  degree,  it  is  probable 
that  the  domesticated  stock  of  some  of  the  southern  States  has 
received  a  remote  cross  of  Andalusian  blood.  In  Louisiana, 
that  cross  was  obtained,  and  still  exists,  in  a  more  direct  form  ; 
although  it  does  not  appear  that  the  blood  continues  to  be  dis- 
tinguishable, to  any  considerable  extent,  in  the  external  charac- 
teristics of  the  animal. 

I  trust  that  these  preliminary  observations  will  not  be  weari- 
some to  my  readers,  as  I  am  well  assured  that  tliey  are  of  some 
importance  to  my  subject ;  bearing  on  a  point,  as  they  do,  in 
the  history  of  the  English  and  American  horse,  which  has  been 
scarcely,  I  think,  sufficiently  considered — the  admixture  of  old 
indigenous  blood,  which  it  cannot  be  denied  does  in  some  sort, 
though  in  an  infinitesimal  degree,  exist  in  what  is  esteemed  the 
purest  and  most  perfect  thoroughbred  strain — and,  secondly, 


44  THE  HOKSE. 

what  is  that  indigenous  blood,  as  it  is  styled,  and  how  far  it  is 
impure,  how  far  traceable  to  a  warm  oriental  or  African  origin, 
in  remote  antiquity.  It  has  generally  been  assumed  that  the 
British  horse,  with  which  only  I  have  henceforth  to  do,  as  the 
origin  of  the  American  blood-horse,  until  I  come  to  sjieak  of 
him  directly,  was  an  utterly  unimproved  and  worthless  animal 
until  the  comparatively  modern  times,  when  his  blood  was  first 
gradually  mixed,  by  the  monarchs  of  the  Saxon  dynasty,  and 
afterward  by  the  Norman  invaders  and  crusaders,  with  Arabian, 
Syrian,  Andalusian,  and  African  strains, 

I  hold,  on  the  contrary,  that  the  British  horse,  as  originally 
found  by  Cnesar,  was  itself  of  Eastern  European  descent,  from 
Scythia,  Thrace  or  Carpathia — for  I  disbelieve  in  the  aboriginal 
theory — though  I  admit  that  I  have  no  proof  of  the  fact,  and 
argue  only  on  probability  and  analogy.  But  I  am  confident, 
and  regard  it  as  historically  made  out,  that,  at  a  very  early  pe- 
riod of  the  Roman  occupation,  it  must  have  been,  and  was, 
largely  tinctured  with  the  blood  of  the  best  Spanish  and  Gallic 
chargers  ;  the  former  of  which  could  scarcely  be  less  than  half, 
or  three-part  Barbs,  and  the  latter  of  which  partook  of  the  same 
strain. 

Thei'e  could  scarcely  also  fail  to  be  another  direct  cross  from 
Thrace  or  Scythia,  though  it  cannot  exactly  be  established  that 
such  was  the  case  ;  the  rather  that  more  than  one  of  the  most 
warlike  and  victorious  of  the  Roman  emperors  made  the  island 
their  residence. 

I  now  come  to  the  natural  history  of  the  horse,  which  I 
propose  to  treat  briefly,  principally  through  quotations  from 
"Winter  and  Youatt  on  the  horse,  who  may  be  pronounced  un- 
hesitatingly the  best  authorities  on  the  subject,  before  proceed- 
ing to  treat  of  the  various  distinct  families  of  the  animal,  and 
first,  as  noblest,  of  the  English  blood-horse. 

"  l^atural  historians,"  says  Mr.  Winter,  "  in  their  endeavors 
to  arrange  the  varying  objects  of  animated  nature,  class  the 
horse  and  its  congeners  in  the  following  manner  : 

"  Division.  Yertebrata — possessing  a  back-bone. 

"  Class,        Mammalia — such  as  give  suck. 

"  Tribe,        TJngulata — hoofed. 

"  Oedek.      Pachydermata — thick-skinned. 


SYNONYMES    OF   THE   HOESE.  45 

"  Family.  Solipeda — uncleft-footed. 
"  Genus.  Equus — the  horse  family. 
"  A  considerable  discrepancy  has  arisen  among  naturalists 
on  the  classification  of  this  animal ;  but  the  above  certainly 
appears  the  least  objectionable  that  can  be  found.  Tlie  Linnaean 
system  was  certainly  unsatisfactory.  Linnseus  classed  the  horse 
with  the  hippopotamus,  to  form  a  genus  in  order  Belluce.  By 
Erxleben  he  is  placed  between  the  elephant  and  the  dromedary. 
Storr  was  the  first  to  form  a  distinct  order  of  the  equine  family ; 
he  placed  it  immediately  after  that  of  the  Kuminantia,  under 
the  aj)pellation  of  Solijpedes.  Cuvier  adoj)ted  his  arrangement, 
but  subsequently  placed  this  genus  among  the  Pachydermata, 
which  is  probably  the  most  judicious  classification  attainable. 

"  Dental  formula. — Incisors,  |  ;  canine,  in  the  male  only, 
■f  \  ;  molars,  1  =  40. 

"  AYith  the  horse  are  ranked  all  those  quadrupeds  whose 
generic  distinction  is  the  undivided  hoof — the  equine  genus. 
Equus  Cahalhis,  the  horse. 

Equus  Semionus,  of  Pallas,  the  dziggtai,  Asiatic. 
Equus  Zehra,  the  zebra.  ] 

Equus  Burchelli,  V  South  African. 

Equus  Quagga,  the  Quagga.    j 
Equus  Asinus,  the  ass. 

"  TirE    IIORSE. 

"  Synonymes — "I-mro';,  Greek  ;  Equus,  Latin  ;  Pferd,  Ger- 
man ;  Paard,  Dutch  ;  Uest,  Danish  ;  JTdst,  Swedish  ;  Cheval^ 
French  ;  Oavallo,  Italian ;  Cahallo,  Spanish  ;  Zoschad,  Russian  ; 
Eon,  Polish  ;  SuJch,  Turkish  ;  Ilysan,  Syriac ;  Hozan,  Arabic  ; 
Al,  Toorkman  ;  Ma,  Siamese  ;  Fur  or  Pur,  Bornou  ;  Soudah, 
Bezharmi ;  Bilsah,  Mandara  ;  Barree,  Timbuctoo  ;  As,  Pus- 
too."' 

"  The  horse,  by  far  the  noblest  of  the  genus,  is  easily  distin- 
guishable from  the  rest  of  the  group.  His  varieties  are  exceed- 
ingly numerous  and  differ  widely  in  physical  appearance.  The 
effects  of  climate  and  other  agencies  are  displayed  on  his  frame. 
Zimmerman  asserted,  but  without  very  evident  reason,  that  he 

*  Dr.  Skinner  traces  the  English  word  horse  from  the  Belgic  ros  or  the  Teuto- 


4s6-  THE   HOKSE. 

arrived  at  the  greatest  perfection  between  the  15th  and  55th 
degrees  of  northern  latitude.  Tlie  miire  is  found  capable  of 
generating  her  species  as  early  as  the  second  year  of  her  exist- 
ence ;  but  it  is  detrimental  to  her  form,  and  the  future  energy 
of  her  offspring,  thus  prematurely  to  tax  the  productive  powers 
of  her  frame.  It  would  be  far  more  profitable  to  delay  this  im- 
portant function  to  the  fourth  or  fifth  year,  when  the  outline 
of  her  form  approximates  more  closely  to  the  adult,  and  the 
vital  energies  of  the  animal  economy  become  more  confirmed. 
Mares,  in  common  with  the  females  of  many  other  quadrupeds, 
are  subject  to  a  periodical  appetency  for  the  male,  which  in 
them  is  termed  horsing.  The  natural  season  of  its  first  occur- 
rence is  from  the  end  of  March  to  July,  and  so  providential  is 
this  arrangement,  that  the  foal  will  be  produced  at  a  time  when 
nourishment  will  be  plentiful  for  its  support. 

"  Common  assertion  fixes  the  period  of  gestation,  or  the  time 
intervening  between  conception  and  foaling,  at  eleven  months  ; 
but  whether  calendar  or  lunar  months  are  to  be  understood  is 
not  explained.  This  discrepancy  will  appear  the  more  unsatis- 
factory when  it  is  recollected  that  eleven  calendar  months  want 
but  two  days  of  twelve  lunar  ones,  l^o  attempt  has  been  made 
in  this  country  to  resolve  the  question.  In  France,  M.  Tessier 
endeavored  to  arrive  at  some  degree  of  correctness  as  to  the 
average  time  of  gestation  by  registering  a  large  number  of 
mares.  He  proved  that  the  term  of  eleven  calendar  months 
was  often  exceeded  by  several  weeks,  and  sometimes,  though 
less  frequently,  parturition  took  place  within  that  period. 

"  '  In  582  mares,  which  copulated  but  once,  the  shortest  pe- 
riod was  287  days,  and  the  longest  419  ;  making  the  extraor- 
dinary difference  of  132  days,  and  of  82  beyond  the  usual  term 
of  eleven  months.'     Blaine's  Vet.  Outlines. 

"  On  another  occasion  an  account  was  kept  of  the  duration 
of  pregnancy  of  101  mares.     Of  these  : 

3  foaled  in  311  days. 

1       "        "   314  days. 

1       "        "   325  days. 

1       "        "   326  days. 

1       "        "    330  days. 
47       "        "   from  340  to  350  days. 


PARTURITION.  47 

25  foaled  in  from  350  to  360  days. 
21       "        "   from  360  to  377  days. 
1       "        "   in  394  days. 

"Tlius  the  extremes  varied  83  days,  while  the  average  was 
about  351,  or  fifty  weeks  one  day  each.  Some  breeders  enter- 
tain an  opinion  that  old  brood  mares  carry  the  foal  considerably 
longer  than  young  ones,  but  they  oU'er  no  satisfactory  evidence 
in  corroboration  of  their  view. 

"  The  signals  of  approaching  parturition  are  enlargement  of 
the  external  parts  of  generation,  relaxation  and  shrinkage  of  the 
muscles  on  each  side  of  the  croup  and  rump,  and  a  gummy  exu- 
dation from  the  orifice  of  the  teats.  Birth  generally  takes  place 
within  twenty-four  hours  after  the  appearance  of  the  latter  symp- 
tom. But  the  first  acts  as  a  warning,  by  preceding  it  for  several 
days. 

"  It  is  but  seldom  that  the  mare  requires  manual  assistance  at 
the  time  of  foaling,  which  generally  takes  place  witliout  difficulty 
or  danger,  in  the  night.  The  mare,  unlike  the  generality  of  quad- 
rupeds, foals  standing.*  She  rarely  produces  twins,  and  when 
double  births  do  occur,  the  offspring  almost  invariably  die.f 

"  As  great  facility  of  motion  appears  to  have  been  designed 
by  nature  in  the  formation  of  the  horse,  many  physical  pecu- 
liarities contribute  to  ensure  that  end.  A  bulky  pendulous 
udder,  like  that  possessed  by  some  of  the  ruminantia,  would  be 
incompatible  with  that  quality.  The  mamma,  therefore,  is 
small,  and  furnished  only  with  two  teats,  which  supply  a  milk 
of  a  highly  nutritious  character,  and  possessing  a  larger  quan- 
tity of  saccharine  matter  than  any  other  animal  is  known  to  be 
endowed  with.;}: 

*  This  is  a  mistake,  they  invariably  foal  in  a  reclining  posture. — Ed. 

t  A  remarkable  e.xceptiou  to  this  rule  are  the  bay  colt  Tiueedledum  and  the  bay 
filly  Tiveedlecke,  foaled  in  1823  (by  Waterloo  out  of  Polymnia),  Polymnia  by  Musician 
out  of  Promise,  sister  to  Partisan  by  Walton.  The  filly  never  sucked,  but  was  fed 
on  cow's  milk,  and  was  said  to  thrive  better  than  the  colt. 

Both  these  animals  were  trained,  and  ran  with  some  credit ;  but  the  filly  is  not 
named  as  a  brood  mare,  and  I  find  no  mention  of  the  colt  as  a  stallion. 

X  Parmentier  submitted  the  milk  of  various  animals  to  chemical  examination, 
and  he  found  that  the  proportion  of  ingredients  contained  was  in  accordance  with 
the  following  table : 

Sugar — Mare's,  woman's,  ass's,  goat's,  ewe's,  cow's. 

Whey — Ass's,  mare's,  woman's,  cow's,  goat's,  ewe's. 


4:8  THE    HORSE. 

"The  disproportionate  length  of  the  foal's*  legs,  whicli  is 
so  strikingly  apparent,  when  compared  with  those  of  the  adult 
animal,  is  thought  by  some  naturalists  to  be  provided  by  pre- 
scient nature  to  enable  the  young  animal  to  keep  pace  with  its 
dam  durino;  ilis-ht  from  any  menacino;  danc-er.  Linnseus  at- 
tempted  to  ascertain  the  future  height  of  the  colt  by  admeasure- 
ment of  its  legs  ;  but  so  much  is  found  to  depend  on  the  quan- 
tity and  character  of  the  nutriment  with  whicli  it  is  provided 
during  the  important  period  of  its  growth,  that  little  reliance 
can  be  placed  on  early  experiments  of  this  kind.  The  historian, 
the  warrior,  and  the  horseman,  Xenophon,  had  long  ago  alluded 
to  the  same  subject  in  his  treatise  on  horsemanship.  '  I  now 
explain,'  said  he,  'how  a  man  may  run  the  least  risk  of  being 
deceived,  when  conjecturing  tlie  future  height  of  a  horse.  The 
young  horse  which,  when  foaled,  has  the  shank  bones  longest, 
invariably  turns  out  the  largest.  For,  as  time  advances,  the 
shank  bones  of  all  quadrupeds  increase  but  little ;  but  that 
the  rest  of  the  body  may  be  symmetrical,  it  increases  in  pro- 
portion.' 

"  Puberty  commences  in  both  sexes  as  early  as  the  second 
year,  but  all  tlie  structures  continue  to  be  gradually  develoj^ed 
till  the  end  of  the  fifth  year,  by  whicli  time  the  changes  in  the 
teeth  are  perfected,  and  the  muscles  have  acquired  a  growth 
and  tone  which  give  to  the  form  the  distinctives  of  adolescence. 
It  is  during  the  term,  which  elapses  between  this  period  of  adult 
age  and  that  of  confirmed  virility,  that  a  farther  progressive 
change  takes  ^^lace  in  the  animal  economy  ;  the  powers  of  the 

Cream — Ewe's,  woman's,  goat's,  cow's,  ass's,  mare's. 

Butter — Ewe's,  goat's,  cow's. 

Cheese — Ewe's,  goat's,  cow's,  ass's,  woman's,  mare's. 

"  He  could  not  make  any  butter  from  the  cream  of  woman's,  ass's,  or  mare's 
milk,  and  that  from  the  ewe  he  found  always  remained  soft.  From  their  general 
properties  he  divided  them  into  two  classes,  one  abounding  in  serous  and  saline  parts, 
which  included  ass's,  mare's,  and  woman's ;  the  other  rich  in  caseous  and  butyra- 
ceous  parts,  as  the  cow's,  goat's,  and  ewe's. 

*  "  The  word  foal  is  indiscriminately  applied  to  the  young  of  both  sexes,  but  as 
they  increase  in  age  they  are  distinguished  from  each  other  by  appropriating  the 
term  colt  to  the  male,  and  Jilly  to  the  female  ;  and  on  the  period  of  adolescence, 
about  the  fifth  year,  the  former  assumes  the  title  of  stallion  or  horse — gelding  if  cas- 
trated— and  the  latter  that  of  mare.  In  America,  the  word  colt  is  often  wrongly 
used  {or  foal,  as  applied  to  either  sex,  whereas  it  is  invariably  masculine. 


THE    HAIR    OF   THE   HORSE.  49 

whole  frame  continue  to  acquire  strength,  and  although  there 
is  no  farther  increase  in  heiglit,  the  parietes  of  the  large  cavities 
and  the  muscles  of  voluntary  motion  assume  a  finished  and  ro- 
tund appearance,  and  render  the  animal  more  capable  of  endur- 
ing continued  exertion  and  privation  ;  fhe  vital  endurance  and 
resistance  being  greater  than  during  the  period  of  adolescence. 
The  fire  and  expression  of  the  head,  the  spirit,  character  and 
disposition,  become  also  more  marked  toward  the  termination 
of  this  epoch. 

"  The  natural  period  of  decay  of  the  vital  powers,  senility 
and  mature  death,  may  be  conjectured  to  be  about  thirty 
years  ;  but  few  horses,  from  our  barbarous  treatment,  attain 
that  term. 

"  The  walk,  the  trot  and  the  gallop,  are  the  usually  well- 
known  natural  paces  of  the  horse  ;  but  the  fact  of  some  indi- 
viduals contracting  the  pace  called  the  amble,*  without  previous 
tuition,  has  induced  many  writers  to  regard  that  also  as  a  natu- 
ral method  of  progression. 

"  In  England  and  other  northern  countries,  on  the  approach 
of  mild  weather,  the  horse,  by  a  natural  process  analogous  to 
moulting  in  birds,  divests  himself  of  his  winter's  clothing  of 
long  hair,  and  produces  one  of  a  shorter  and  cooler  texture  ;  and 
again,  before  the  recurrence  of  cold  weather,  reassumes  his 
warm  and  lengthened  coat  to  protect  himself  from  the  inclem- 
ency of  the  approaching  season.  The  autumnal f  change  is  not 
by  any  means  so  general  as  that  which  takes  place  at  the  com- 
mencement of  spring.  Tlie  hair  is  not  so  completely  changed  ; 
only  a  portion  of  it  is  thrown  off,  and  that  which  remains,  with 
that  which  springs  up,  grows  long  and  is  adapted  to  the  tem- 
perature of  the  atmosphere.  These  alternate  changes  are  not 
so  well  marked  in  countries  possessing  an  even  temperature,  nor 
even  are  they  so  plainly  seen  in  horses  kept  in  the  warm  atmo- 
sphere of  a  close  stable  all  the  year  round.  When  the  shedding 
of  the  coat  commences,  the  bulbs  of  the  old  hair  become  pale, 
and  by  the  side  of  each  a  small  black  globular  body  is  formed, 
which  is  soon  developed  into  the  new  hair.     Thus  the  matrix 

*  The  amble  is  neither  racking  nor  pacing ;  the  latter  of  which  is  beyond  doubt 
a  natural  pace.  [Single  footing  or  racking  (by  some  called  ambling)  is  an  acquired 
or  cultivated  pace. — Ed.] 

I  In  America,  at  least  in  the  northern  parts,  this  change  is  invariable. 

Vol.  I.— 4 


50  THE   H0K8E. 

of  the  new  hair  is  not  the  old  hnlh,  but  it  is  based  in  another 
productive  follicle.  The  long  hair  of  the  mane,  tail  aiid  fet- 
locks, is  not  shed  at  definite  periods  with  that  of  the  body,  but 
is  replaced  by  a  shorter  and  more  uniform  process.  The  hair 
of  the  mane  and  tail  will,  if  protected,  grow  to  an  almost  in- 
credible length. 

"  The  property  of  changing  the  color  of  the  hair  with  the 
season,  possessed  by  many  animals  of  the  arctic  regions,  adapt- 
ing them  to  the  temperature,  is  also  manifested  in  the  horse, 
though  in  a  much  less  degree,  for  it  may  be  seen  that  when  con- 
stantly exposed  to  the  elements,  the  long  winter-coat  assumes  a 
much  lighter  hue  than  that  of  its  predecessor. 

"  The  horse,  in  common  with  many  other  animals,  is  pro- 
vided with  a  thin  sub-cuticular  muscle,  covering  the  shoulders, 
flanks  and  sides,  whose  use  is  to  corrugate  the  skin,  shake  off 
flies  and  dislodge  other  annoying  substances. 

"  The  sense  of  smell  is  so  delicately  acute  in  the  horse,  that 
jierhaps  he  is  not  exceeded  in  this  function  by  any  other  animal. 
The  nose  is  provided  with  a  very  extensive  surface  for  the  dis- 
tribution of  the  olfactory  nerve,  by  the  curious  foldings  of  the 
turbinated  bones.  It  is  principally  by  means  of  this  faculty  he 
is  able  to  distinguish  the  cpialities  of  the  plants  upon  which  he 
feeds,  and  to  reject  such  as  are  of  a  noxious  or  poisonous  de- 
scription, l^ature,  said  Linnceus,  teaches  the  brute  creation  to 
distinguish,  without  a  preceptor,  the  useful  from  the  hurtful, 
while  man  is  left  to  his  own  inquiries.  On  putting  the  flngers 
into  the  nostrils,  at  the  upper  and  outward  j^art,  they  pass  into 
blind  pouches  of  considerable  dimensions.  These  curious  cavi- 
ties have  nothing  to  do  with  smelling,  because  they  are  lined 
with  a  reflection  of  common  integument,  but  they  may  possibly 
be  of  use  in  mechanically  distending  the  external  entrance  of 
the  nostrils,  and  thus  materially  facilitate  respiration  during 
violent  exertion.  They  are  also  brought  into  use,  when  the 
animal  neighs  ;  and  the  Hungarian  soldiery*  slit  them  up  to 

*  It  is  worthy  of  remark  that  the  preference  of  Arabs  for  the  mare  to  the  horse, 
for  warhke  purposes,  is  attributable  to  the  fact  that  they  do  not  neigh  when  they 
scent  the  vicinity  of  other  horses,  as  stalHous  invariably  do — the  Arabs  never  attack- 
ing, save  by  surprise.  Those  nations  which  fight  by  open  force  have  no  such  prefer- 
ence, but  mainly  use  the  stalhon. 


HIS    EYES    AND    EARS.  51 

preclude  the  possibility  of  being  prematurely  discovered  to  the 
enemy  by  the  exercise  of  this  habit.  On  the  lower  part  of  tlie 
nostril,  toward  the  outer  edge,  may  be  seen  the  mouth  of  a 
small  tube,  wdiich  conveys  the  tears  from  the  inner  canthus  or 
corner  of  tiie  eye.  It  opens  on  the  sldn  just  before  it  joins  the 
lining  membrane  of  the  nose.  This  little  cavity  has  often  been 
mistaken,  by  unqualified  persons,  for  an  ulcer  common  in  glan- 
derous aifections,  and  the  poor  animal  has  frequently  fallen  a 
victim  to  the  error. 

"  Their  eyes  are  large  in  proportion  to  those  of  some  other 
quadrupeds,  and  the  pupilar  opening  is  of  an  oblate  elliptic 
form,  with  its  long  axes  parallel  to  the  horizon,  thus  increasing 
the  lateral  field  of  vision.  Hound  the  edges  of  the  pupil  is  a 
curious  fringe  of  deep  plum-colored  eminences,  su23posed  to  be 
serviceable  in  absorbing  the  superabundant  rays  of  light  which 
may  be  transmitted  to  the  eye.  The  horse's  sight  is  excellent, 
and  although  not  regarded  as  a  nocturnal  animal,  he  can  distin- 
guish objects  at  niglit  with  great  facility.  There  are  but  few 
horsemen  who  have  not  benefited  by  this  power,  wdien  the 
shades  of  night  have  fallen  around  them. 

"  The  ears  are  comparatively  small,  but  the  conch  is  en- 
dowed wath  extensive  motion  so  as  to  catch  the  sound  coming 
from  any  quarter.  Their  hearing  is  quick,  and  although  blind- 
ness is  so  destructively  prevalent  among  horses,  deafness  is 
exceedingly  imcommon.  During  sleep  one  ear  is  usually 
directed  forward,  and  the  other  backward ;  when  on  a  march  at 
night  in  company,  it  has  been  noticed,  '  that  those  in  the  front 
direct  their  ears  forward,  those  in  the  rear  backward,  and  those 
in  the  centre  turn  them  laterally,  or  across ;  the  whole  troop 
seeming  thus  to  be  actuated  by  one  feeling,  which  watches  the 
general  safety.'  In  contests  of  speed  the  ears  are  generally  laid 
backwards,  so  as  to  ofi:er  no  opposition  to  the  rapid  progress  of 
the  animal.  It  must  be  evident  that  if  the  concave  surfaces  of 
these  organs  be  presented  forward,  they  Avould  gather  the  wind* 
and  slightly  impede  progression. 

"  The  difi'erent  vocal  articulations  to  which  the  horse  gives 

*  It  appears  to  me  more  probable  that  the  ear  is  deflected  backward,  merely  to 
avoid  the  inconvenience,  if  not  pain,  which  the  current  of  air,  generated  by  the 
horse's  own  velocity,  would  inflict  on  that  deUcate  organ.  H.  "W.  H. 


52  THE   HOESE. 

utterance,  are  collectively  termed  neighing ;  but  some  variety 
of  intonation  may  be  discovered  in  the  expression  of  its  pas- 
sions; as,  for  instance,  the  cry  of  joy  or  recognition  ditfers 
markedly  from  that  of  desire  ;  and  anger  from  playfulness. 
The  females  do  not  neigh  so  frequently  nor  with  such  force  as 
the  males.  For  this  reason  it  is,  that  j)redatory  and  warlike 
tribes  prefer  mares,  as  being  better  adapted  from  their  silence 
for  surprises  or  reconnoitering.  Castration  is  known  to  have  a 
modulating  efiect  on  the  voice.  JVI.  Ilerrissant  supposes  neigh- 
ing to  be  produced  by  the  vibration  of  two  small  triangular 
membranes  found  at  the  extremity  of  the  glottis.  In  the  ass 
and  mule  this  structure  is  wanting,  but  they  are  provided  with 
a  more  singular  apparatus.  Hollowed  out  of  the  thyroid  carti- 
lage is  a  small  concavity  over  which  is  stretched  a  membrane, 
similar  to  the  parchment  on  the  head  of  a  drum.  When  air  is 
forced  behind  this  substance,  a  very  considerable  noise  is  pro- 
duced, thougli  from  the  absence  of  muscularity  the  vibrations 
are  without  modulation  and  consequently  dissonant. 

"  The  intellectual  character  of  the  horse  is  scarcely  excelled 
by  that  of  any  other  quadruped.  His  perceptions  are  remark- 
ably clear,  and  his  memory  excellent.  Attachment  to  those 
who  tend  him  with  kindness  forms  it  prominent  trait  in  his 
character.  The  feats  which  he  is  often  taught  to  perform  evince 
a  high  intellectual  capacity.  Travellers  in  the  desert  assure  us 
that  horses  possess  the  faculty  of  directing  their  course  to  the 
nearest  water  when  hard  pressed  for  that  necessary  article. 

"  Horses  swim  with  the  greatest  facility,  and  the  distances 
they  have  been  known  to  perform  in  the  water  exceed  our 
expectation,  A  horse  that  was  wrecked  off  the  coast  of  South 
America  swam  seven  miles  to  land,  and  saved  its  life. 

"  There  exist  some  important  ditferences  in  the  animal 
economy  of  the  equine  family  and  other  herbivorous  animals, 
which,  as  the  inferences  from  them  are  of  some  consequence,  it 
is  necessary  briefly  to  notice.  The  horse  naturally  requires  but 
little  sleep,  and  even  that  it  often  takes  standing.  In  a  state  of 
nature,  when  fodder  is  short,  to  sujDport  itself  projDcrly,  it  is 
compelled  to  graze  twenty  hours  out  of  the  twenty-four.  Rumi- 
nating animals  eat  with  greater  rapidity,  and  lie  down  to  chew 
the  cud.    The  horse  eats  no  faster  than  it  digests.     Digestion  in 


HIS    PROPEKTIES.  53 

the  former  is  interrupted,  in  the  latter  continuous.  This  ex- 
plains why  the  horse  has  no  gall  bladder,  as  it  requires  no 
reservoir  for  that  necessary  fluid ;  for,  as  fast  as  the  bile  is 
secreted  by  the  liver,  it  is  carried  to  the  intestines  to  perform 
its  important  action  on  the  chymous  mass.  The  stomach  of  the 
horse  is  also  remarkably  small  and  simple,  differing  widely 
from  the  capacious  and  complicated  structure  of  the  rumi- 
nantia ;  but  the  intestines  are  long  and  the  coecum  capable  of 
containing  a  large  quantity  of  fluid,  of  which  it  is  considered 
the  receptacle.  The  mamma  of  the  mare  is  by  no  means  so 
pendulous  and  bulky  as  that  of  the  cow.  The  horse's  feet,  from 
their  compact,  undivided  nature,  are  much  less  liable  to  injury 
during  fleet  exertion  than  those  of  the  ox.  All  these  circum- 
stances tend  to  establish  the  individuality  of  the  horse,  and  are 
60  many  proofs  of  admirable  design  for  the  purposes  to  which 
man  has  applied  him ;  for  without  these  peculiarities  he  would 
not  be  so  valuable  and  superior,  as  a  beast  of  continued  and 
rapid  motion,  and  would  consequently  occupy  a  very  inferior 
station. 

"  Linnaeus  asserted  that  the  male  horse  was  without  the 
rudimentary  mamma  invariably  found  in  the  males  of  other 
animals ;  but  this  naturalist  was  mistaken,  for  they  may  be 
seen  on  each  side  of  the  sheath,  and,  although  of  no  possible 
use,  still  their  existence  preserves  the  uniformity  of  nature's 
operations. 

"  The  horse  and  zebra  possess  horny  callosities  on  the  inside 
of  the  fore-legs,  above  the  knees,  and  on  the  hocks  of  the  hind 
legs ;  the  ass  and  the  quagga  have  them  only  on  the  fore  ex- 
tremities. 

"  In  a  state  of  nature,  the  horse  is  purely  an  herbivorous 
animal,  but  under  the  restraint  which  domestication  imposes, 
his  habits  become  changed,  and  grain  and  dry  grasses  form  the 
principal  articles  of  his  diet.  Domestication  is  known  to  origi- 
nate many  diseases  totally  unknown  in  a  natural  state,  but  it 
appears  to  have  the  effect  of  augmenting  the  muscular  power 
of  the  animal  far  beyond  its  uncultivated  extent." 

From  this  brief  and  clever  synopsis  of  the  principal  peculi- 
arities natural  and  physical  of  the  horse,  regarded  merely  in  his 
generic  form  as  an  original  quadruped,  without  considering  his 


54  TIIE   nOKSE. 

varieties,  or  liis  improvement  by  culture,  I  proceed  to  give  from 
Mr.  Youatt  tlie  following  delineation  and  description  of  his 
external  structure,  and  subsequently  to  submit  from  the  best 
authorities  a  short  account  of  the  method  of  ascertainiiig  the 
age  of  the  horse,  with  an  explanation  illustrated  by  cuts  of  tlie 
structure  of  the  jaws  and  teeth,  and  of  the  arrangement  and 
changes  of  the  dental  system ;  which  ended,  I  shall  advance 
to  the  consideration  of  the  various  families  and  varieties  of 
this  noblest  of  the  quadruped  creation,  and  first,  as  noblest,  to 
the  improved  thorough-bred  horse  of  Great  Britain  and  North 
America. 


SKELETON   AND   STKUCTURE. 


55 


A  The  bead. 

a  The  posterior  maxillary,  or  under  jaw. 

6  The  superior  maxillary,  or  upper  jaw ;  near  the  latter  is  a  foramen,  through  which  pass  the 

nerves  and  blood-vessels,  which  chiefly  supply  the  lower  part  of  the  face. 
C  The  orbit,  or  cavity  containing  the  eye. 

d  The  nasal  bones,  or  bones  of  the  nose. 

e  The  suture  dividing  the  parietal  bones  below  from  the  occipital  bones  above. 

f  The  inferior  maxillary  bone,  containing  the  upper  incisor  teeth. 

B  The  seven  cervical  vertebroe,  or  bones  of  the  neck. 

C  The  eighteen  dorsal  vertebrse,  or  bones  of  the  back. 

Z>  The  six  lumbar  vertebrse,  or  bones  of  the  loin. 

E  The  five  sacral  vertebra^,  or  bones  of  the  haunch. 

F  The  caudal  vertebra?,  or  bones  of  the  tail,  generally  about  fifteen  in  number. 

G  The  scapula,  or  shoulder  blade. 

n  The  sternum,  or  chest. 

1  The  costoe,  or  ribs,  seven  or  eight,  articulated  with  the  sternum,  and  called  the  true  ribs,  and 
ten  or  eleven  united  together  by  cartilage,  called  the  false  ribs. 

J  The  humerus,  or  bone  of  the  arm. 

K  The  radius  of  bone  of  the  forearm. 

L  The  ulna,  or  elbow.    The  point  of  the  elbow  is  called  the  olecranon. 

M  The  carpus,  or  knee,  consisting  of  seven  bones. 

N  The  metacarpal  bones.  The  large  metacarpal,  or  cannon  and  shank  in  front,  and  the  smaller 
metacarpal,  or  splent  bones,  behind. 

g  The  fore-pastern  and  foot,  consisting  of  the  os  suffraginis,  or  the  upper  and  larger  p.astern  bone, 
with  the  sessamoid  bones  behind,  articulating  with  the  cannon  and  greater  pastern ;  the  os 
coronce,  or  less  pastern,  the  os  pedis,  or  coffin  bone,  the  os  naviculare,  or  navicular  or 
shuttle  bone,  not  seen,  and  articulating  with  the  smaller  pastern  and  coffin  bones. 

h  The  corresponding  bones  of  the  hind  feet. 

O  The  haunch,  consisting  of  three  portions ;  the  ilium,  the  ischium,  and  the  pubis. 

P  The  femur,  or  thigh. 

Q  The  stifle  joint,  with  the  patella. 

R  The  tibia,  or  proper  leg-bone  ;  behind  Is  a  small  bone  called  the  fibula. 

S  The  tarsus,  or  hock,  composed  of  sis  bones.    The  prominent  part  is  the  03  calcis,  or  point  of 
the  hock. 

T  The  metatarsals  of  the  hind  leg. 


56 


THE  HOKSE. 


These  beinc;  the  anatomical  points  of  tlie  horso,  as  dcnion- 
strand  hy  the  skeleton,  I  proceed  to  give  what  may  be  ca  ed 
the  horseman's  points,  which  I  designate  on  an  o»l"'5^'^^t* 
of  that  fine  English  race-horse  EUs,  by  Langar,  out  of  Olivia, 
by  Sir  Oliver. 


a  The  muizle. 

6  The  face. 

c  The  forehead. 

d  The  jowl. 

6  The  poll. 

/  The  crest. 

g  The  withers. 

h  The  windpipe  or  thrapple. 

i  The  back. 

j  The  point  of  the  shoulder. 

Jc  The  breast  or  chest. 

I  The  fore-arm ;  vulgo,  arm. 
m  The  knee. 

II  The  cannon  bones. 
o  The  fetlocks. 

p  The  small  pasterns. 
q  The  large  pasterns. 
r  The  hoofs. 
8  The  heels. 
t  The  elbow. 


M  The  girth. 
V  The  flank. 
w  The  sheath. 
»  The  scrotum. 
y  The  hocks. 
z  The  coronets. 
A  The  hip. 
B  The  croup  or  rump. 
C  The  dock. 
D  The  quarter. 
E  The  thigh. 
F  The  hamstring. 
G'  The  point  of  the  hock. 
H  The  loins. 

/  The  gullet. 

J  The  shoulder. 

K  The  arm  {proper). 

L  The  barrel  (the  ribs). 

M  The  stifle. 


AGE  OF  THE  HORSE.  67 


THE  AGE  AND  DENTAL  SYSTEM  OF  THE  HORSE. 

"  There*  is  some  difficulty  in  estimating  the  natm'al  average 
.ength  of  tlie  horse's  life,  for  many  obstacles  oppose  an  inquiry 
on  a  scale  of  sufficient  magnitude  to  be  satisfactory.  The  nu- 
merous evils  entailed  on  him  by  the  arduous  labors  and  the 
restricted  and  unnatural  habits  of  a  domesticated  state  tend 
greatly  to  abbreviate  life.  *  *  *  From  these  and  other 
reasons  it  cannot  be  much  doubted  that  his  age  is  generally 
underrated.  Horses  are  most  erroneously  f  termed  aged^  on 
the  obliteration  of  the  mark  from  the  lower  incisor  teeth,  which 
occurs  by  the  completion  of  the  eighth  year,  and  though  it  is 
far  from  being  the  natural  term  of  age  and  debility,  or  even  of 
decline  of  the  vital  energies,  it  too  frequently  happens  that,  by 
that  time,  bodily  infirmities  have  been  prematurely  induced  by 
over-exertion  of  their  powers. 

*  *  *  "  Horses  at  twenty  years  old,  are  often  met  with 
in  cases  Avhere  the  least  humanity  has  been  bestowed  on  their 
management.  Eclipse  died  at  the  age  of  twenty-five ;  Flying 
Childers  at  twenty-six.  Burns'  mare  Maggie  attained  more 
than  twenty-nine  years  ?  Bucephalus,  the  celebrated  horse  of 
Alexander  of  Macedon,  lived  till  thirty.  The  natural  age  is 
probably  between  :j:  twenty-five  and  thirty  years.  A  faint  and 
uncertain  guide  is  found  in  the  register  of  the  ages  of  our  most 
celebrated  racing  stallions,  recollecting,  however,  that  several 
of  them  were  destroyed  on  becoming  useless  for  the  purposes 
of  the  turf.  The  united  ages  of  ninety-three  of  these  horses 
amounted  to  two  thousand  and  five  years,  or  rather  better  than 
twenty-one  and  a  half  years  each  horse." 

Here  follow,  in  Mr.  Winter's  text,  many  citations,  from  au- 

*  Winter  on  the  Horse,  p.  141. 

f  It  does  not  appear  to  me  that  the  error  lies  in  the  term,  but  in  the  misappre- 
hension of  it.  The  eight-year-old  horse  is  called  aged,  as  the  twenty-one-year-old 
man  is  said  to  be  of  age  ;  and  the  maturity,  not  the  decline,  of  his  age  is  implied. 
This  is  clear  from  the  fact  that  so  soon  as  he  is  aged  he  begins  to  carry  maximmn 
weight,  which  he  carries /or  ever  after,  so  long  as  he  runs.  The  impossibility  of  defi- 
nitely ascertaining  his  years  after  that  term,  renders  the  farther  apportionment  of 
weight  for  age  impossible.  H.  W.  H. 

X  Whalebone,  by  Waxy,  out  of  Penelope,  own  brother  to  Whisker  and  Woful, 
covered  mares  at  twenty-four  years.     See  Note  *  on  page  73.  H.  W.  H. 


68  THE   HORSE. 

tliors  of  all  ages,  qualities,  and  conditions,  from  Pliny  down  to 
Mr.  Blaine,  relating  to  the  age  to  wliicli  individual  horses  have, 
or  have  not,  attained ;  and  some  speculations  regarding  the  ago 
to  which  horses — situated  otherwise  than  they  are,  ever  have 
Deen,  or,  probably,  ever  will  be  situated — might  possibly 
attain. 

It  being,  however,  my  present  object  to  look  at  horses  as 
they  are,  I  shall  assume  the  maximum  average  age  of  the  liorso 
to  be  twenty-five  years,  and  the  same  to  be  the  extreme  age  of 
the  working  horse.  Of  the  latter  twelve  will  be,  it  is  likely, 
about  the  average. 

How  you  shall  know  the  age  of  a  horse,  is  a  matter  of  ques- 
tion to  most,  of  dispute  to  many,  of  experience  to  all. 

By  the  teeth,  only,  in  my  judgment,  can  the  age  be  known 
certainly  /  and  by  them,  certainly^  only  until  the  ninth  year. 

By  certainly  I  mean  this — that  one  may  surely,  and  almost 
without  fail,  say  that  this  horse  is  older  than  nine  years,  but  that 
he  cannot 2?ossiI/ly  say  hoio  much  older. 

The  other  signs,  beyond  the  mark  of  the  teeth,  vary  with 
the  variation  of  circumstances;  and,  with  the  double  varia- 
tion, opinions,  or  judgments  as  they  are  called,  will  yet  farther 
differ. 

The  mark  of  the  teeth,  naturally,  is  invariable.  By  art  or 
rascality,  when  made  to  vary,  the  variation  to  a  practised  eye  is 
easily  discoverable.  That  mark  extends  to  the  eighth  year, 
surely,  and  no  farther. 

NATURAL   HISTORY. 

"  As  a  matter  of  civil  economy,"  says  Mr.  Winter,  in  his 
valuable  book  on  the  hoi'se,  from  which  I  have  already  quoted, 
"it  is  important  to  judge  correctly  of  the  age  of  our  useful 
servant,  the  horse.  This  is  chiefly  accomj)lished  by  observing 
the  natural  changes,  which  occur  in  his  teeth,  the  periods  at 
which  they  appear,  are  shed  and  rejDlaced,  and  the  alterations 
in  their  form  and  markings. 

"  The  teeth  of  most  animals  offer  some  criterion  from  which 
their  age  can  be  estimated  with  more  or  less  accuracy.     *     * 
The  teeth  are  nearly  the  sole  indices  of  the  age  of  the  horse, 
ass,  elephant,  camel,  dog,  and  the  polled  varieties  of  the  ox  and 


THE   DENTAL    SYSTEM.  59 

elieep  ;  while  in  other  domesticated  animals,  as  the  elk,  deer, 
goat,  common  ox  and  sheep,  the  horns  also  present  legible  in- 
dications of  the  progress  of  time. 

"  Reference  to  the  teeth  to  ascertain  the  horse's  age  is  not 
hv  any  means  a  practice  of  recent  origin.  Xenophon,  in  his 
well-known  work  on  horsemanshij),  alludes  to  it  as  an  estab- 
lished custom  used  in  the  selection  of  cavahy  for  the  Grecian 
armies ;  he  properly  advised  a  rejection  of  such  horses  as  have 
lost  the  dental  mark.  The  same  facts  are  subsequently  noticed 
by  Yarro,  Columella,  Yegetius,  and  other  Roman  writers. 

"The  horse,  when  full  mouthed,  possesses  forty  teeth — 
twenty  in  each  jaw.  They  are  named  from  their  use,  position 
and  character.  Those  in  the  front  of  the  mouth,  whose  office  it 
is  to  gather  the  food  when  grazing,  are  termed  incisors,  or  more 
properly  nippers.  They  are  twelve  in  number,  six  above,  and 
six  below ;  they  do  not  overlap  each  other,  as  is  the  case  in 
man,  but  meet  in  a  broad  tabular  surface.  From  these  teeth  is 
principally  deduced  the  age  of  the  animal.  For  the  sake  of 
description,  they  are  usually  ranged  in  pairs,  as  they  appear, 
and  the  first  pair  is  called  the  central,  the  second  the  dividers, 
and  the  third  the  corner  nippers.  The  tushes  or  canines  come 
next,  one  above  and  one  below  on  each  side.  They  are  of  a 
pointed  form,  and  are  convex  on  the  outer  side,  and  slightly 
concave  on  the  inner  surface.  They  scarcely  ever  appear  above 
the  gums  in  mares,  although  their  rudiments  may  be  discovered 
on  dissection,  imbedded  in  the  maxillary  bones.  They  are  con- 
sequently regarded  as  sexual  distinctives.  It  is  difficult  to  as- 
sign their  use  ;  their  position  precludes  the  possibility  of  tlieir 
being  used  as  weapons  of  offence  or  defence.  They  may  be 
viewed  as  a  link  of  uniformity  so  commonly  traced  in  the  ani- 
mated world.  The  grinders  or  molars  are  twenty-four  in  num- 
ber. They  are  teeth  of  great  power.  By  them  the  food  is 
comminuted,  and  prepared  for  the  digestive  action  of  the 
stomach.  In  order  to  fit  them  for  their  office,  they  possess  ad- 
ditional interlayers  of  enamel,  which  prevent  their  too  rapid 
w^ear.  The  arrangement  and  number  of  the  horse's  teeth  may 
be  represented  by  the  subjoined  dental  formula. 

"  Incisors,  | ;  canines,  in  the  male  only,  }  ;  molars,  ^,^',  =  40. 
In  common  with  most  animals,  the  horse  is  provided  with  two 


60  THE   H0K8E. 

sets  of  teeth ;  those  appearing  first  are  known  as  the  temjporary^ 
deciduous^  or  milli  teeth,  and  are  succeeded  by  the  permanent 
set.  On  comparing  the  different  magnitude  of  the  jawbones  of 
the  colt  and  the  adult  horse,  the  necessity  of  such  a  change  is 
at  once  apparent.  By  it  the  teeth  are  adapted  to  the  size  of 
the  maxillary  bones.  The  teeth,  from  their  peculiar  character 
and  mode  of  growth,  do  not  admit  of  any  material  increase  of 
dimension,  and  nature  was  therefore  forced  either  to  place  the 
large  permanent  teeth  in  small  and  disproportionate  jawbones, 
or  to  adapt  the  size  of  the  teeth  by  displacement  to  the  growth 
of  the  bones  that  contained  them.  The  latter  process  is  adopted, 
and  constitutes  one  of  those  remarkable  evidences  of  creative 
power,  with  which  the  living  frame  is  replete. 

"  Three  substances  enter  into  the  structure   of  the  teeth ; 
1.  The  enamel.     2.  The  dental  bone,  or  ivory ;  and  3.  A  corti- 
cal envelope,  surrounding  the  fang.     The  enamel  difi'ers  but 
little  in  chemical  constitution  from   the  osseous   body  of  the 
teeth,  and  that  principally  results  from  the  absence  of  animal 
matter  in  it.     It  appears  closely  analogous  to  the  univalve  por- 
celainous  shells,  and  is  the  hardest  and  most  indestructible  sub- 
stance of  the  body.     The  dental  bone  is  distinctly  tubular  ir^ 
structure,  as  was  first  demonstrated  by  Leuwenhoeck,  in  a  com- 
munication made  by  him  to  the  Philosophical  Transactions  of 
1678,  and  this  has  been  confirmed  by  the  late  microscopical  re 
searches  of  Purkinje  and  Muller.     These  tubuli  take  a  perpen 
dicular  direction,  and  are  exceedingly  small,  but  capable  of 
absorbing  ink   by  capillary  attraction.     No  such  tubuli  havt. 
been  traced  in  the  enamel.     The  teeth,  both  incisors  and  grind- 
ers, are  being  constantly  worn  away  at  the  crown,  but  the  los* 
is  supplied  by  the  gradual,  continuous  and  equivalent  growth 
from  the  root.     The  horse's  teeth  are  sometimes,  but  not  fre- 
quently, subject  to  disease.     It  is  seldom  that  any  of  them  arft 
lost  from  age,  as  is  the  case  with  man,  and  most  other  animals 
Blaine,  in  his  Outlines  of  the  Veterinary  Art,  p.  40,  4tb  edition, 
institutes  the  following  comparison  between  the  respective  age& 
of  man  and  the  horse. 

"  The  constitution  of  horses  and  men  may  be  considered  as 
in  an  equal  degree  of  perfection  and  capability  of  exertion,  or 
of  debility  and  decay,  according  as  youth  or  age  preponderates. 


STKUCTUKE    OF   THE   TEETH.  61 

Tlius,  the  first  five  years  of  a  horse  may  be  considered  as  equiv- 
alent to  the  first  twenty  in  man  ;  or  thns,  that  a  horse  of  five 
years  old  may  be  comparatively  considered  as  old  as  a  man  of 
twenty ;  a  horse  of  ten  years  as  a  man  of  forty ;  a  horse  of  fif- 
teen as  a  man  of  fifty ;  a  horse  of  twenty  as  a  man  of  sixty ; 
of  twenty-five  as  a  man  of  seventy  ;  of  thirty  as  a  man  of 
eighty ;  of  thirty-five  as  a  man  of  ninety.  So  far  from  this 
comparison  being  in  favor  of  the  horse,  I  am  disposed  to  think 
it  is  too  little.  Horses  of  thirty-five  years  of  age  are  as  com- 
mon as  men  of  ninety,  provided  it  be  taken  into  account  that 
there  are  twenty  human  subjects  for  every  horse;  and,  unques- 
tionably, a  horse  of  forty-five  is  less  rare  than  a  man  of  a  hun- 
dred and  ten," 

To  this  it  may  be  added,  that  the  early  English  racers  ap- 
pear to  have  been  more  addicted  to  longevity  than  those  ot 
modern  days,  and  the  American  horse  generally  than  the  Eng- 
lish ;  probably  because,  in  the  former  case,  the  hoi-se  was  not 
put  to  hard  w'ork  until  his  powers  w^ere  developed  by  an  advance 
toward  maturity.  Two  and  three  year  old  training  was  unknown 
until  a  recent  date ;  and,  in  the  latter  case,  in  America,  horses 
generally  are  little  used  in  harness,  or  for  general  work,  until 
they  have  attained  to  five  or  six  years. 

We  now  proceed  to  consider  the  first  appearance,  and 
successive  changes  of  the  teeth,  with  the  marks  and  their  de- 
scriptions from  the  commencement  unto  maturity.  The  cuts 
and  letter  press  of  these  are  both  borrowed  from  Mr.  Youatt's 
admirable  work. 

"  Seven  or  eight  months  before  the  foal  is  Fig.  i. 

born,  the  germs  or  beginnings  of  the  teeth  are 
visible  in  the  cavities  of  the  jaws.  At  the 
time  of  birth,  the  first  and  second  grinders  have 
appeared,  large,  compared  with  the  size  of  the 
jaw,  seemingly  filling  it.  In  the  course  of  seven 
or  eight  days  the  two  centre  nippers  are  seen 
as  here  represented.     Eig.  1. 

"  In  the  course  of  the  first  month  the  third 
grinder  appears,  above  and  below,  and  not  long 
after,  aiid  generally  before  six  weeks  have  expired,  another  inci- 
sor above  and  below  will  be  seen  on  each  side  of  the  two  first, 


62 


THE   IIOKSE. 


which  hare  now  considerably  grown,  but  not  attained  their  per- 
fect height.  This  cut  will  then  represent  the  aj^pearance  of  the 
mouth.     Fio-.  2. 

"  At  two  months,  the  centre  nippers  will  have  reached  their 
natural  level,  and  between  the  second  and  third  month  the  sec- 
ond pair  will  have  overtaken  them.  They  will  then  begin  to 
wear  a  little,  and  the  outer  edge,  which  was  at  first  somewhat 
raised  and  sharp,  is  brought  to  a  level  with  the  inner  edge,  and 
so  the  mouth  continues  until  some  time  between  the  sixth  and 
ninth  month,  when  another  nipper  begins  to  appear  on  each 
side  of  the  two  first,  making  six  above  and  below,  and  complet- 
ing the  colt's  mouth  ;  after  which  the  only  observable  difterence, 
until  between  the  second  and  third  year,  is 
in  the  wear  and  tear  of  these  teeth. 

"These  teeth  are  covered  with  a  polished 
and  exceedingly  hard  enamel ;  indeed  it  is 
so  hard  that  it  almost  bids  defiance  to  the 
action  of  a  file.  It  spreads  over  that  por- 
tion of  the  tootli  which  appears  above  the 
gum,  and  not  only  so,  but  as  they  are  to  be 
so  much  employed  in  nipping  the  grass,  and 
in  gathering  up  the  animal's  food,  and  in 
such  employment  even  this  hard  substance  must  be  gradually 
worn  away,  a  portion  of  it,  as  it  passes  over  the  upper  surface 
of  the  teeth,  is  bent  inward,  and  sunk  into  the  body  of  the  teeth, 
and  forms  a  little  i^it  in  them.  The  inside  and  bottom  of  this 
pit  being  blackened  by  the  food,  constitute  the  marli  of  the 
teeth,  by  the  gradual  disappearance  of  which,  in  consequence  of 
the  wearing  down  of  the  teeth,  we  are  enabled  for  several  years 
to  judge  of  the  age  of  the  animal. 

"  The  colt's  nipping  teeth  are  rounded  in  front,  somewhat 
hollow  toward  the  mouth,  and  present  at  first  a  cutting  surface, 
with  the  outer  edge  rising  in  a  slanting  direction  above  the  inner 
edge.  This,  however,  soon  begins  to  wear  down,  nntil  both  sur- 
faces are  level,  and  the  mark,  which  was  originally  long  and 
narrow,  becomes  shorter,  and  wider  and  fainter.  At  six  months 
the  four  nippers  are  beginning  to  wear  to  a  level. 

"  The  annexed  cut  will  convey  some  idea  of  the  appearance 
of  the  teeth  at  twelve  months.     The  four  middle  teeth  are  al- 


6UCCESSI0N   OF   THE   TEETH. 


G3 


most  level,  and  the  corner  ones  are  becoming  so.  The  mark  in 
the  two  middle  teeth  is  wide  and  faint,  in  the  two  next  teeth  it 
is  longer,  darker  and  narrower.     In  the  fi?.  3. 

corner  teeth  it  is  longest,  darkest  and  nar- 
rowest. 

"  The  back  teeth  or  grinders  will  not 
guide  ns  far  in  ascertaining  the  age  of 
the  animal,  for  we  cannot  easily  inspect 
them,  but  there  are  some  interesting  par- 
ticulars connected  Avitli  them.  The  foal 
is  born  with  two  grinders  in  each  jaw, 
above  and  below,  or  they  appear  within 
two  or  three  days  after  the  birth.  Before  the  expiration  of  the 
month  they  are  succeeded  by  a  third,  more  backward.  Tlie 
crowns  of  the  grinders  are  entirely  covered  with  enamel  on  the 
tops  and  sides,  but  attrition  soon  wears  it  away  from  the  toj),  and 
there  remains  a  compound  surface  of  alternate  layers  of  crusted 
petraser,  enamel  and  iA'ory,  which  are  employed  in  grinding 
down  tlie  hardest  portion  of  the  food.  Nature  has,  therefore, 
made  an  additional  provision  for  their  strength  and  endurance. 
Fig.  4:  represents  a  grinder  sawed  across.  The  live  dark  spots 
represent  bony  matter;  the  parts  covered  with  lines  enamel, 
and  the  white  spaces  a  strong  bony  cement  uniting  the  other 
portions  of  the  teeth. 

"  At  the  completion  of  the  first  year  a  fourth  grinder  usually 
comes  up,  and  the  yearling  has  then,  or  soon  afterwards,  six 
nippers  and  four  grinders  above  and  below  Fig.  4. 

in  each  jaw,  which,  with  the  alteration  in  ^cse^^^^x 

the  nippers  we  have  just  described,  will    ^^^  \ 

enable  us  to  calculate  the  age  of  the  foal, 
subject  to  some  variations  arising  from  the 
period  of  weaning,  and  the  nature  of  the 
food. 

"  At  the  age  of  one  year  and  a  half,  the  mark  in  the  central 
nippers  will  be  much  shorter  and  fainter  ;  that  in  the  two  other 
pairs  will  have  undergone  an  evident  change,  and  all  the  nip- 
pers will  be  flat.  At  two  years  this  will  be  more  manifest. 
The  accompanying  cut,  Fig.  5,  deserves  attention,  as  giving  an 


64 


THE   H0K8E. 


accurate  representation  of  the  nippers  in  the  lower  jaw  of  a  two- 
year-old  colt. 

"  About  this  period  a  fifth  grinder  will  appear,  and  now  like- 
Fig.  5.  wise,  will  commence  another  process. 
The  first  teeth  are  adapted  to  the  size 
and  wants  of  the  young  animal.  They 
are  sufficiently  large  to  occupy  and  fill 
the  colt's  jaws,  but  when  these  bones 
have  expanded  with  the  increasing 
growth  of  the  animal,  the  teeth  are  sep- 
arated too  far  from  each  other  to  be 
useful,  and  another  and  larger  set  is 
required.  The  second  teeth  then  be- 
gin to  push  up  from  below,  and  the  fangs  of  the  first  are  ah- 
sot-hed^  until  the  former  approach  the  surface  of  the  gum,  when 
they  drop  out.  "Where  the  temporary  teeth  do  not  rise  imme- 
diately under  the  milk  teeth,  but  by  their  sides,  the  latter  being 
pressed  sideway  are  absorbed  throughout  their  whole  length. 
They  grow  narrow,  are  pushed  out  of  place,  and  cause  inconve- 
nience to  the  gums,  and  sometimes  to  the  cheek.  They  are  then 
called  wolfs  teeth,  and  they  should  be  extracted.* 

Tlie  teeth  which  first  appeared  are  first  renewed,  and  therefore 
the  front  or  first  grinders  are  changed  at  the  age  of  two  years. 
Fig.  6.  "  During  the  period  between  the 

fallinff  out  of  the  central  milk  teeth 
and  the  coming  up  of  the  perma- 
nent ones,  the  colt,  having  a  broken 
mouth,  may  find  some  difficulty  in 
grazing.  If  he  should  fall  away 
considerably  in  condition,  he  should 
be  fed  with  mashes  and  corn,  or 
cut  feed.  The  next  cut,  fig.  6,  w^ill 
represent  a  three-year-old  mouth. 
"The  central  teeth  are  larger 
than   the  others,  with  two  grooves  in  the  outer  convex  sur- 

*  Kote  by  Mr.  Spooner.  Although  irregularities  of  the  teeth  sometimes  occur, 
as  mentioned  in  the  text,  yet  the  wolf's  teeth  are  generaUy  two  smaU  supplement- 
ary teeth  appearing  in  front  of  the  molar  teeth  ;  and  though  supposed  to  have  an 
injurious  effect  on  the  eyes,  we  have  rarely,  if  ever,  found  that  they  produce  any 


THKEE-TEAK    OLD    MOUTH.  bO 

face,  and  tlie  mark  is  long,  narrow,  deep  and  black.  Not  having 
yet  attained  their  full  growth,  they  are  rather  lower  than  the 
others.  The  mark  in  the  two  next  nippers  is  nearly  worn  out, 
and  it  is  wearing  away  in  the  corner  nippers. 

'■'■  Is  it  possible  to  give  this  raouth  to  an  early  two-year-old  f 
The  ages  of  all  horses  used  to  be  reckoned  from  the  first  of  May, 
but  some  are  foaled  even  as  early  as  January,  and  being  actu- 
ally four  months  over  the  two  years,  if  they  have  been  well 
nursed  and  fed,  and  are  strong  and  large,  they  may,  with  the 
inexperienced,  have  an  additional  year  put  upon  them.*  The 
central  nippers  are  punched  or  drawn  out,  and  the  others  ap- 
pear three  or  four  months  earlier  than  they  otherwise  would. 
In  the  natural  process  they  would  only  rise  by  long  pressing 
upon  the  first  teeth,  and  causing  their  absorption.  But  opposi- 
tion from  the  first  set  being  removed,  it  is  easy  to  imagine  that 
their  progress  will  be  more  rapid.  Three  or  four  months  will 
be  gained  in  the  appearance  of  these  teeth,  and  these  three  or 
four  months  will  enable  the  breeder  to  term  him  a  late  colt  of 
the  preceding  year.  To  him,  however,  who  is  accustomed  to 
horses,  the  general  form  of  the  animal,  the  little  development 
of  the  forehand,  the  continuance  of  the  mark  on  the  next  paii 
of  nippers,  its  more  evident  existence  in  the  corner  ones,  some 
enlargement  or  irregularity  about  the  gums  from  the  violence 
used  in  forcing  out  the  teeth,  the  small  growth  of  the  first  and 
fifth  grinders,  and  the  non-appearance  of  the  sixth  grinder, 
which,  if  it  be  not  through  the  gum  at  three  years  old,  is  swell- 
ing under  it,  and  preparing  to  get  through — any  or  all  of  these  cir- 
cumstances, carefully  attended  to,  will  be  a  suflicient  security 
against  deception. 

"  A  horse  at  three  years  old  ought  to  have  the  central  perma- 
nent nippers  growing,  the  other  two  pairs  wasting,  six  grinders 
in  each  jaw,  above  and  below,  the  first  and  fifth  level,  the  others 
and  the  sixth  protruding.  The  sharp  edge  of  new  incisors,  al- 
though it  could  not  well  be  expressed  in  the  cut,  will  be  very 
evident  when  compared  with  the  old  teeth. 

"  As  the  permanent  nippers  wear  and  continue  to  grow,  a 

injurious  effect,  either  on  the  eyes  or  the  mouth,  and  consequently  it  is  useless  to 
interfere  with  them.     When,  however,  the  teeth  grow  irregularly,  the  permanent 
ones  appearing  by  the  side  of  the  temporary,  the  latter  should  be  removed. 
*  See  Note  +  on  page  73. 
YOL.  I.—" 


66 


THE   H0K8E. 


narrow  portion  of  the  cone-shaped  tooth  is  exposed  by  the  at- 
trition, and  they  look  as  if  they  had  been  compressed,  but  it  is 
not  so.  Not  only  will  the  mark  be  wearing  out,  but  the  crowns 
of  the  teeth  will  be  sensibly  smaller. 

"  At  three  years  and  a  half,  or  between  that  and  four,  the 
next  pair  of  nippers  will  be  changed,  and  the  mouth  at  that  time 
cannot  be  mistaken.  The  central  nippers  will  have  attained 
nearly  their  full  growth.  A  vacuity  will  be  left  where  the  se- 
cond stood,  or  they  will  begin  to  peep  above  the  gum,  and  the 
corner  ones  will  be  diminished  in  breadth,  worn  down,  and  the 
mark  becoming  small  and  faint.  At  this  period,  likewise,  the 
second  pair  of  grinders  will  be  shed.  Previously  to  this  may 
be  the  attempt  of  the  dealer  to  give  to  his  three-year-old  an  ad- 
ditional year,  but  the  fraud  will  be  detected  by  an  examination 
similar  to  that  which  has  been  already  described. 

"  At  four  years,  the  central  nippers  will  be  fully  developed  ; 
the  sharp  edge  somewhat  worn  off,  and  the  mark  shorter,  wider, 
fainter.     The  next  pair  will  be  wp,  but  they  will  be  small,  with  the 
mark  deep  and  extending  quite  across  them,  as  in  iig.  T.     The 
Fig.  T.  corner  nippers  will  be  larger  than 

the  inside  ones,  yet  smaller  than 
they  were,  and  flat,  and  the  mark 
nearly  effaced.     The  sixth  grind 
ers    will    have  risen  to   a  leve 
with  the  others,  and  the  tushes 
will  begin  to  appear. 

"  Now,  more  than  at  any  other 
time,  will  the  dealer  be  anxious 
to  put  an  additional  year  on  the 
animal,  for  the  difference  between 
a  four-year-old  colt  and  a  five-year-old  horse,  in  strength,  utilit} 
and  value,  is  very  great ;  but  the  want  of  wear  in  the  other  nip- 
pers, the  small  size  of  the  corner  ones,  the  little  growth  of  the 
tush,  the  smallness  of  the  second  grinder,  the  low  forehand,  the 
legginess  of  the  colt,  and  the  thickness  and  little  depth  of  the 
mouth,  will,  to  the  man  of  common  experience  among  horses, 
at  once  detect  the  cheat. 

"The  tushes  are  four  in  number,  two  in  each  jaw,  situated 
between  the  nippers  and  the  grinders,  much  nearer  to  the  former 


FIVE-YEAE-OLD    MOUTH. 


67 


than  the  latter,  and  nearer  in  the  lower  jaw  than  the  upper,  but 
this  distance  increases  in  both  jaws  with  the  age.  In  shape,  the 
tush  somewhat  resembles  a  cone  ;  it  protrudes  from  the  gum 
about  an  inch,  and  is  sharp-pointed  and  curved.  The  appear- 
ance of  this  tush  in  the  horse  may  vary  from  four  years  to  four 
years  and  six  months.  It  can  only  be  accelerated  a  few  weeks 
by  cutting  the  gum  over  it.  At  four  years  and  a  half,  or  be- 
tween that  and  five,  the  last  important  change  takes  place  in 
the  mouth  of  the  horse.  The  corner  nij^pers  are  shed,  and  the 
j)ermanent  ones  begin  to  appear.  The  central  nippers  are  con- 
siderably worn,  and  the  next  pair  are  commencing  to  show 
marks  of  usage.  The  tush  has  now  protruded,  and  is  generally 
a  full  half  inch  in  height ;  externally,  it  has  a  rounded  promi- 
nence, with  a  groove  on  either  side,  and  it  is  evidently  hollowed 
within.     The  reader  scarcely  needs  to  be  told  that  after  the  ris- 


ing of  the  corner 


nipper,  the  animal  changes  its  name.     The 


Fig.  8. 


colt  becomes  a  horse,  the  filly  a  mare. 

"  At  five  years,  the  horse's  mouth 
is  almost  perfect — ^fig.  8.  The 
corner  nippers  are  quite  up,  with 
the  long  deep  jnark  irregular 
in  the  inside,  and  the  other  nip- 
pers bearing  evident  tokens  of  in- 
creased wearing.  The  tush  is 
much  grown ;  the  grooves  have  al- 
most or  quite  disappeared,  and  the 
outer  surface  is  regularly  convex. 
Tt  is  still  as  concave  within,  and 
with  the  edge  nearly  as  sharp,  as  it  was  six  months  before. 
The  sixth  molar  is  quite  up,  and  the  third  molar  is  wanting. 
This  last  circumstance,  if  the  general  appearance  of  the  animal, 
and  particularly  his  forehand,  and  the  wearing  of  the  centre 
nippers,  and  the  growth  and  shapes  of  the  tushes  be  likewise 
carefully  attended  to,  will  prevent  deception,  if  a  late  four-year- 
old  is  attempted  to  be  substituted  for  a  five-year-old.  The  nip- 
pers may  be  brought  up  a  few  months  before  their  time,  and 
the  tushes  a  few  weeks,  but  the  grinder  is  with  difficulty  dis- 
placed. The  three  last  grinders  and  the  tushes  are  never  shed. 
"  At  six  years — see  fig.  9 — the  mark  on  the  central  nippers 


68 


THE   HOESE. 


is  worn  out.     There  will  still  be  a  difference  of  color  in  the  cen- 
tre of  the  tooth.     Tlie  cement  filling  iij)  the  hole,  made  by  the 
Pj„  9  dij^ping  of  the  enamel,  will  pre- 

sent a  browner  hne  than  the 
other  part  of  the  tooth,  and  it 
will  be  evidently  surrounded  by 
an  edge  of  enamel,  and  there 
will  remain  even  a  little  depres- 
sion in  the  centre,  and  also  a  de- 
pression round  the  case  of  ena- 
mel ;  but  the  deep  hole  in  the 
centre  of  the  teeth,  with  the 
blackened  surface  which  it  pre- 
sents, and  the  elevated  edge  ot 
enamel,  will  have  disappeared.  Persons  not  much  accustomed 
to  horses  have  been  puzzled  here.  Tliey  expected  to  find  a  plain 
surface  of  uniform  color,  and  knew  not  what  conclusion  to  draw 
when  there  was  both  discoloration  and  irregularity. 

"  In  the  next  incisors  the  mark  is  shorter,  broader,  and 
fainter,  and  in  the  corner  teeth  the  edges  of  the  enamel  are  more 
regular,  and  the  surface  is  evidently  worn.  The  tush  has  at- 
tained its  full  growth,  being  nearly  or  quite  an  inch  long,  con- 
vex outward,  concave  within,  tending  to  a  point,  and  the  ex- 
tremity somewhat  curved.  The  third  grinder  is  fairly  up,  and 
all  the  grinders  are  level. 

"  The  horse  may  now  be  said 
to  have  a  perfect  mouth.  All 
the  teeth  are  produced,  fully 
grown,  and  have  hitherto  sus- 
tained no  material  injury.  Du- 
ring these  important  changes  of 
the  teeth,  the  animal  has  suffered 
less  than  could  be  supposed 
possible. 

"  At  seven  years — see  fig. 
10 — the  mark,  in  the  way  in 
which  we  have  described  it,  is 
worn  out  in  the  four  central  nippers,  and  fast  wearing  away  in 
the  corner  teeth  ;  the  tush  also  is  beginning  to  be  altered.     It 


Fig.  10. 


SEVEN-TEAE-OLD   MOUTH. 


69 


is  rounded  at  the  point,  rounded  at  the  edges,  still  round  without, 
and  beginning  to  get  round  inside. 

"  At  eight  years  old,  the  tush  is  rounder  in  every  way ;  the 
mark  is  gone  from  all  the  bottom  nippers,  and  it  may  almost 
be  said  to  be  out  of  the  mouth.  There  is  nothing  remaining 
in  the  lottom  nippers  that  can  afterward  clearly  show  the  age  of 
the  horse,  or  justify  the  most  experienced  examiner  in  giving  a 
positive  opinion  !  * 

"  Dishonest  dealers  have  been  said  to  resort  to  a  method  of 
prolonging  the  mark  in  the  lower  nippers.  It  is  called  Bishop- 
ing,  from  the  name  of  the  scoundrel  who  invented  it.  Tlie 
horse  of  eight  or  nine  years  old — for  his  mouth,  see  fig.  11 — is 
thrown,   and  Avitli  an    engra-  rig.  il 

ver's  tool  a  hole  is  dug  in  the 
now  almost  plain  surface  of  the 
corner  teeth,  in  shape  resem- 
bling the  mark  yet  left  in  those 
of  a  seven-year-old  horse.  Tlie 
hole  is  then  burned  with  a 
heated  iron,  and  a  permanent 
black  stain  is  left.  The  next 
pair  of  nippers  are  sometimes 
slightly  touched.  An  ignorant 
man  would  be  very  easily  deceived  by  this  trick ;  but  the  ir- 
regular appearance  of  the  cavity,  the  difi'usion  of  the  black 
stain  around  the  tushes,  the  sharpened  edges  and  concave  inner 
surface  of  which  can  never  be  given  again,  the  marks  on  the 
upper  nippers,  together  with  the  general  conformation  of  the 
horse,  can  never  deceive  the  careful  examiner. 

"  Horsemen,  after  the  animal  is  eight  years  old,  are  accus- 
tomed to  look  to  the  nippers  in  the  uj)per  jaw,  and  some  conclu- 

*  I  have  myself  italicised  this  passage,  because  it  is  a  common  error  in  the 
United  States,  and  one  especially  insisted  on  by  dealers  having  old  horses  to  sell, 
that  the  age  can  be  positively  ascertained  even  to  ten,  eleven  or  twelve  years,  so 
that  it  can  be  predicated  of  a  horse  that  he  is  so  old  and  no  older  !  This  is  an  abso- 
lute fallacy.  It  is  easy,  from  many  general  signs,  to  see  that  a  horse  is  above  eight 
years  old,  but  impossible  to  judge  certainly  how  much  older !  The  length  and  an- 
gularity of  the  nippers,  the  depth  of  the  super-orbital  cavities,  and  other  points  of 
conformation,  may  enable  a  good  judge  to  guess  comparatively,  but  never  to  speak 
Burely.  H.  W.  H. 


70  THE   HOKSE. 

sion  has  been  drawn  from  the  appearances  which  they  present. 
It  cannot  be  doubted  that  the  mark  remains  in  tliem  for  some 
years  after  it  has  been  obliterated  in  tlie  nippers  of  the  lower 
jaw. 

"  There  are  various  opinions  as  to  the  intervals  between  the 
disappearance  of  the  marks  from  the  different  cutting  teeth  of 
the  upper  jaw.*  Some  have  averaged  it  at  two  years,  some  at 
one.  The  author  is  inclined  to  adopt  the  latter  opinion,  and 
then  the  age  will  be  thus  determined.  At  nine  years  the  mark 
will  be  worn  from  the  middle  nippers,  from  the  next  pair  at  ten, 
and  from  all  the  upper  nippers  at  eleven.  During  these  periods 
the  tush  is  likewise  undergoing  a  manifest  change.  It  is  blunter, 
shorter,  and  rounder.  In  what  degree  this  takes  place  in  the 
different  periods,  long  and  favorable  opportunities  can  alone 
enable  the  horseman  to  decide. \ 

"  The  alteration  in  the  form  of  the  tushes  is  frequently  un- 
certain. It  will  sometimes  be  blunt  at  eight,  and  at  others 
remain  pointed  at  eighteen. 

"  After  eleven,  and  until  the  horse  is  very  old,  the  age  may 
be  guessed  at  with  some  degree  of  confidence,  from  the  shape 
of  the  upper  surface,  or  extremity  of  the  nippers.  At  eight 
they  are  all  oval,  the  length  of  the  oval  running  across  from 
tooth  to  tooth  ;  but  as  the  horse  gets  older,  the  teeth  diminish 
in  size — and  this  commencing  in  their  width  and  not  in  their 
thickness.  They  become  a  little  apart  from  each  other,  and 
their  surfaces  become  round  instead  of  oval.  At  nine,  the  cen- 
tre nippers  are  evidently  so  ;  at  ten,  the  others  begin  to  have 
the  oval  shortened.  At  eleven,  the  second  pair  of  nippers  are 
quite  rounded,  and  at  thirteen,  the  corner  ones  have  also  that 
appearance.  At  fourteen,  the  faces  of  the  central  nippers 
become  somewhat  triangular.     At  seventeen,  they  are  all  so. 

*  How  entirely  doubtful,  not  to  say  fallacious,  these  indications  must  be  held,  it 
is  only  necessary  to  attend  to  the  admitted  variation  of  the  best  opinions  on  the 
subject.  Mr.  Youatt  only  inclines  to  his  own  belief.  If  the  other,  by  chance,  be 
the  true  one,  his  nine-year-old  will  be  ten,  his  ten-year-old  eleven,  his  eleven-year- 
old  twelve.     Q.  E.  D.  H.  W.  H. 

\  The  very  next  sentence  shows  that  nothing  can  enable  any  one  to  decide. 
Since,  if  the  same  signs  are  occasionally  present  at  eight  and  at  eighteen  years,  de- 
cision is  impossible,  and  guess-work  must  be  no  more  than  vague  and  blind,  as  to 
what  these  signs  may  or  may  not  indicate.  H.  W.  H. 


INDICATIONS   OF   AGE.  71 

At  nineteen,  the  angles  begin  to  wear  oflP,  and  tlie  central  teeth 
are  again  oval,  but  in  a  reversed  direction  ;  viz.,  from  outward, 
inward,  and  at  twenty-one  they  all  wear  this  form. 

"  It  would  of  course  be  folly  to  expect  any  thing  like  a 
certainty  in  an  opinion  of  the  exact  age  of  an  old  horse,  as 
drawn  from  the  above  indications.  Stabled  horses  have  the 
marks  sooner  worn  out  than  those  that  are  *  at  grass,  and  crib- 
biters  still  sooner.  At  nine  or  ten,  the  bars  of  the  mouth  be- 
come less  prominent,  and  their  regular  diminution  will  designate 
increasing  age.  At  eleven  or  twelve,  the  lower  nippers  change 
their  original  upright  direction,  and  project  forward  horizon- 
tally, and  become  of  a  yellow  color. 

"  The  general  indications  of  old  age,  independent  of  the 
teeth,  are  the  deepening  of  the  hollows  over  the  eyes  ;  gray 
hairs,  and  particularly  over  the  eyes,  and  about  the  muzzle ; 
thinness  and  hanging  down  of  the  lips ;  sharpness  of  the 
withers,  sinking  of  the  back,  Jengthening  of  the  quarters  ;  and 
the  disappearance  of  windgalls,  spavins,  and  tumors  of  every 
kind. 

"  Horses,  kindly  and  not  prematurely  used,  sometimes  live 
to  between  thirty-five  and  forty-five  years  of  age  ;  and  Mr.  Per- 
cival  gives  an  account  of  a  barge  horse  that  died  in  his  sixty- 
eecond  year." 

On  this  head  of  age,  I  should  not  have  considered  it  worth 
the  while  to  insert  any  thing  beyond  the  cut  of  the  complete 
aged  mouth,  fig.  11,  with  the  description  accompanying  it,  but 
for  the  prevalent  opinion,  constantly  inculcated  by  interested 
dealers  in  the  United  States,  that  the  age  of  a  horse,  after  eight 
or  nine  years,  can  be  as  certainly  and  as  exactly  predicated  by 
mouth-mark,  and  his  exact  age  guaranteed  accordingly,  as  pre- 
viously to  that  period. 

*  Iq  relation  to  this,  Mr.  Spooner,  in  his  appendix  to  Youatt  on  the  Horse,  Eng. 
ed.  p.  486,  decidedly  demurs,  in  these  words  : — "  A  careful  examination  leads  me  to 
beUeve  that  the  observation  in  the  text,  that  the  teeth  are  developed  much  earlier 
in  young  animals  that  are  corn-fed  and  taken  early  into  the  stable,  and  consequently 
that  in  thoroughbred  horses  the  changes  of  the  teeth  are  earlier  than  in  animals 
that  remain  in  a  state  of  nature,  is  erroneous.  I  think  them,  of  the  two,  rather  the 
more  backward." 

I  note  this  discrepancy  only  to  point  out  how  dubious  all  indications,  and  how 
fallacious  all  judgments  are,  after  eight  years.  H.  W.  H. 


Y2  THE   HOKSE. 

It  is  easy  for  a  judge  to  say  that  such  a  horse  is  nine  years 
old,  and  p?'ohahly  not  much  over  that  age,  accordingly  as  there 
may  be  some  remains  of  the  mark  in  the  upper  nippers,  and  the 
tushes  be  not  extremely  blunted.  And  the  odds  are  that  he  will 
not  be  far  out  of  the  way. 

Nor  would  I  myself  hesitate  to  purchase  an  aged  horse,  which 
did  not  exhibit  marks  of  extreme  senility,  if  his  general  condi- 
tion, soundness,  state  of  health  and  activity  were  entirely  satis- 
factory, though  I  should  not  pretend  to  say  myself,  or  to  believe 
any  one  else  who  should  venture  to  say,  that  such  horse  was 
above  or  below  ten  or  twelve  years. 

The  marks  of  extreme  senility,  when  it  has  already  super- 
induced emaciation,  the  shrinking  of  the  textures,  the  failure  of 
the  organs  of  sense,  and  the  general  decay  of  the  physical  sys- 
tem, are  not,  of  course,  difficult  to  detect,  or  easy,  when  far 
advanced,  to  mistake. 

But  it  is  worthy  of  remark,  that,  although  not,  so  far  as  I  am 
aware,  commented  upon  by  any  of  the  authorities,  the  first  marks 
of  such  incipient  senility  are  often  fallacious. 

Much  stress  is  laid  by  many  persons  on  the  depth  of  the 
super-orbital  cavities,  and  yet  more  on  the  length  and  extreme 
protrusion  of  the  nippers  beyond  the  gums,  as  also,  in  a  less 
degree,  on  the  hollowness  of  the  back. 

All  these  are  doubtless  indications  of  age,  but  I  have  many 
times  seen  colts,  got  hy  sires  in  extreme  age^  having  all  these  in- 
dications of  advanced  life,  in  a  degree  scarcely  inferior  to  those 
of  the  aged  stallions,  before  they  had  yet  acquired  a  full  mouth, 
much  less  lost  the  mark. 

And  more  than  once  or  twice  I  have  seen  foals,  newly 
dropped,  with  the  deep  super-orbital  cavities  and  hollow  backs 
bequeathed  to  them  by  their  aged  stallions  before  they  had  got 
their  colt's  teeth. 

By  this  I  do  not  intend  to  deny  that  the  marks  and  indica- 
tions insisted  on  in  the  above  quotations  have  some  foundation 
in  fact,  and  may,  with  very  considerable  qualification,  be  re- 
garded as  signs  whereon  to  hang  a  conjectural  judgment,  but  I 
do  mean  most  distinctly  to  assert,  that  there  is  not,  nor  ever  has 
been,  a  horseman  living,  who,  admitting  that  a  horse  is  above 
nine  or  ten,  at  the  very  farthest,  can  ascertain  and  guarantee, 


AGE    BY   KEGISTRT.  73 

even  to  his  own  satisfaction,  much  less  to  that  of  others,  that 
such  animal  may  not  be  twelve,  fourteen,  or  sixteen  instead  of 
ten  ;  although  he  might  feel  well  satisfied  that  the  horse  de- 
scribed as  ten  may  be,  and  almost  surely  is,  nearer  to  the  more 
advanced  term.  Yet  even  in  this  opinion  he  is  liable,  for  the 
causes  above  given,  though  less  liable  than  in  the  other,  to  be 
mistaken. 

The  moral  of  all  this  amounts  simply  to  saying,  that  if  one 
choose  to  buy  a  horse  past  mark  of  mouth,  one  must  do  so  on 
his  own  judgment  and  at  his  own  risk  ;  for  to  credit  any  asser- 
tions, or  to  give  ear  to  any  veterinarian  opinion  on  the  subject, 
is  mere  folly. 

These  remarks  do  not  of  course  apply  to  horses  which  have 
run  for  public  stakes  under  established  names,  or  to  the  regis- 
tered and  recorded  stock  of  thorouo-hbred  dam  and  sire.  Their 
ages  being  ascertainable  by  the  stud  books  and  turf  registers, 
the  question  is  reduced  to  one  of  identity,  and  that,  established, 
we  are  surer  of  the  horse's  age,  than  of  our  own  by  parish 
record. 


EDITORIAL  NOTES. 

♦  (P.  57.)  American  Eclipse  foaled  1814,  died  184'?,  in  the  thirty-fourth  year  of 
his  age ;  he  covered  mares  and  got  foals  the  last  year  of  his  life. 

•j-  (P.  65.)  The  age  of  all  turf  horses  in  America,  except  in  Alabama,  Louisiana, 
Mississippi,  Georgia,  South  Carolina,  and  Florida,  are  reckoned  from  January  1st, 
and  they  are  thus  reckoned  in  England  and  France. 


HISTORY 

OF    THE    ENGLISH    BLOOD-HOESE. 

It  being,  in  the  first  place,  admitted  tliat  tlie  English  blood- 
horse  is  the  most  perfect  animal  of  his  race,  in  the  wliole  world, 
both  for  speed  and  endurance,  and  that  the  American  blood-horse 
directly  traces,  without  mixture,  to  English,  and,  through  the 
English,  to  oriental  parentage,  it  is  absolutely  necessary  to 
revert  to  the  origin  and  original  creation  of  the  former  variety, 
in  order  to  come  at  the  pedigree,  characteristics,  and  history  of 
the  latter. 

With  American  blood-horses,  it  is  not  as  it  is  with  American 
men ;  the  latter  may,  in  many  cases,  trace  their  descent  to  an 
admixture  of  the  blood  of  many  nations ;  the  former,  on  the 
contrar}'-,  must  trace  to  the  blood  of  the  English  thoroughbred, 
or,  if  it  fail  to  do  so,  must  suffer  in  consequence  of  the  taint  of 
any  foreign  strain. 

I  do  not,  of  course,  mean  to  assert  that,  in  a  horse  of  unques- 
tioned excellence  and  performance,  it  would  be  a  defect  to  trace 
to  a  new  and  recent  cross  of  Arab  or  Barb  blood ;  but  I  do 
mean  to  say,  that  such  pedigree  would  be  of  no.  advantage  to 
the  character  of  the  animal ;  since  it  is  clear  that,  by  no  oriental 
horse  recently  imported  into  Great  Britain  has  the  British 
blood-horse  been  improved — the  Wellesley  Arabian  having  got 
but  one  offspring  of  even  moderate  racing  celebrity,  Fair  Ellen 
— while  no  horse  of  the  pure  blood  of  the  desert,  by  any  allow- 
ance of  weight,  has  been  enabled  to  win  a  race  on  the  English 
Turf,  though,  within  the  last  twenty  years,  many  have  been 
started  for  prizes. 

It  is  believed  that  no  Barb,  Arab,  or  Turk  imported  into 
America,  has  ever  got  a  horse  of  any  true  pretensions  on  the 


EARLY  BKITISH   HORSES.  75 

turf,  or  has  ever  been  the  winner  of  any  important  race ;  and 
yet,  within  a  few  years,  the  last  quarter  of  a  century  at  the 
utmost,  a  considerable  number  have  been  introduced  to  this 
country,  many  of  them  gifts  from  sovereign  potentates  to  dif- 
ferent Presidents  of  the  United  States,  reputed  to  be  of  the 
noblest  breed,  and  surely,  as  regal  gifts,  presumable  to  have 
been  of  true  blood. 

The  theory  and  presumed  cause  of  the  worthlessness  of 
Arab  Sires  at  tlie  present  day,  will  be  discussed  hereafter,  when 
we  come  to  treat  of  breeding  and  the  influence  of  lineal  descent 
on  the  production  and  transmission  of  hereditary  qualities  in  the 
horse. 

It  suffices,  at  present,  to  observe  that  the  English  race  horse 
is  now  on  all  hands  admitted  to  be  an  animal  of  superior  hered- 
itary qualities  to  the  pure-bred  horse  of  the  desert ;  and  that 
the  race  horse  in  America — the  only  country  wherein  he  does 
not  appear  to  have  degenerated  from  his  ancestry — ^is  identical 
in  breed  and  qualities  with  the  progenitors,  to  whom  he  traces 
his  pedigree. 

In  a  work  of  the  character  to  which  this  volume  aspires 
only,  absolute  originality  is  not  to  be  looked  for ;  nor,  indeed,  is 
it  either  desirable,  or  attainable.  It  must  consist  of  informa- 
tion obtained  at  second  hand,  or  even  more  remotely,  from  the 
most  intelligent  sources,  whether  travellers,  breeders,  sporting- 
men,  or  veterinary  surgeons,  and  of  statistics  carefully  compiled 
from  authentic  registers  and  records.  Of  these,  therefore,  I 
propose  to  avail  myself  largely,  giving  credit  invariably  to  the 
Bources  to  which  I  am  indebted ;  and,  in  pursuance  of  this 
method,  I  proceed  to  quote,  from  an  excellent  little  work,  by 
William  Youatt,  reprinted  from  Knight's  Store  of  Knowledge, 
re-edited  and  revised  by  Cecil,  and  printed  in  London  during 
the  past  year,  the  following  close  and  accurate  account  of  the 
early  history  and  gradual  improvement  of  the  English  horse. 

"  That  horses  were  introduced  into  Britain  long  before  the 
Christian  era,  we  have  abundant  evidence,  and  that  the  inhabi- 
tants had  acquired  great  experience  in  their  use  is  equally  cer- 
tain. In  the  ancient  British  language  Rhediad  is  the  word  for 
a  race — rheder^  to  run — and  rhedecfa,  a  race.  All  these  spring 
from  the  Gaulish  rheda^  a  chariot.     Here,  then^  is  direct  evi- 


76  THE   HOKSE. 

dence  that  horses  were  introduced  from  Gaul,  and  that  chariot- 
races  were  established  at  a  very  early  period," 

I  would  here  observe,  that  this  evidence  is  not  to  my  mind 
direct  or  conclusive,  as  to  the  fact  of  the  introduction  of  the 
horse  from  Gaul ;  although  it  is  so,  as  to  the  antiquity  of  chariot- 
racing  in  both  countries,  and  to  the  non-Eoman  descent  or 
introduction  of  the  British  or  Gaulish  animal.  And  my  reason 
for  so  saying  is  that,  as  the  blood,  the  religion  and  the  language 
of  the  Britons  were  cognate  if  not  identical  with  those  of  some, 
at  least,  of  the  Gallic  tribes,  it  is  no  more  certain  that  the  Gallic 
Rheda  is  the  theme  of  the  British  rJieder^  than  that  it  is  derived 
therefrom.  It  does,  however,  in  a  great  degree  prove  that  the 
Gallic  and  British  horses  were  identical,  and  descended  not 
from  any  breed  transmitted  through  Greece  and  Italy,  but  from 
one  brought  inland  to  the  northward  of  the  Alps ;  perhaps  by 
those  Gauls,  wdio  ravaged  Upper  Greece  and  Northern  Italy, 
almost  before  the  existence  of  authentic  history ;  perhaps  by 
their  original  ancestors  ;  at  all  events,  of  antique  Thracian  or 
Thessalic  descent,  and,  therefore,  of  remote  but  direct  oriental 
race,  in  all  probability  again  improved  by  a  later  desert  cross, 
derived  from  the  IN^umidian  cavalry  of  the  Carthaginian  Barcas, 
long  23revious  to  the  Caesarian  campaigns  in  Gaul  or  the  inva- 
sions of  the  sacred  island  of  the  Druids.  This,  however,  is  of 
small  immediate  moment,  and  is  more  curious  and  interesting 
to  the  scholar  and  the  antiquary,  than  to  the  horseman  or  horse- 
breeder. 

"  From  the  diiferent  kinds  of  vehicles,  noticed  by  the  Latin 
writers — the  carruca,  the  covinus,  the  essediim,  or  war-chariot — 
it  would  appear  that  the  ancient  Britons  had  horses  trained  to 
different  purposes,  as  well  domestic  as  warlike." 

Of  the  number  of  horses  possessed  at  this  period  by  the 
natives  of  Britain,  I  have  already  spoken ;  and  it  is  well 
observed  by  Youatt,  in  his  larger  work  on  the  horse,  that  from 
the  cumbrous  structure  of  the  car  and  the  fury  with  which  it 
was  driven,  and  from  the  badness  or  non-existence  of  roads, 
they  must  have  been  both  active  and  powerful  in  an  extraordi- 
nary degree.  "  Csesar,"  he  adds,  though  without  stating  his 
authority,  "  thought  them  so  valuable,  that  he  carried  many  of 
them  to  Rome ;  and  the  British  horses  were,  for  a  considerable 


ATHELSTAlir's   IMPORTATIONS.  Y7 

period   afterwards',  in   great   request  in  various   parts  of  tlie 
Koman  empire." 

I  regret  that,  owing  to  the  omission  of  giving  authority,  I 
have  been  unable  to  verify  the  latter  statement ;  I  have  failed 
to  discover  any  allusion  to  the  facts  stated,  in  the  writings  of 
Csesar  himself;  nor  can  I  recall  to  mind  any  mention  of  British 
horses,  in  any  of  the  classical  authorities,  whether  in  prose  or 
poetry ;  nevertheless,  I  presume,  from  the  general  care  and 
truthfulness  of  this  able  writer,  that  there  is  no  doubt  as  to  the 
accuracy  of  his  assertion. 

"  During  the  occupation  of  England  by  the  Romans,  the 
British  horse  was  crossed  to  a  considerable  extent  by  the  Ro- 
man horse" — continues  the  author  in  the  volume  first  quoted  ; 
for  which  I  would  myself,  for  reasons  above  stated^  prefer  to  sub- 
stitute hy  the  foreign  horses  of  the  Roman  mercenary  or  allied 
cavalry — "  and  yet,  strange  to  say,  no  opinion  is  given  ])y  any 
historian,  Roman  or  British,  as  to  the  eftect  of  this.  After  the 
evacuation  of  England  by  the  Romans  and  its  conquest  by  the 
Saxons,  considerable  attention  was  paid  to  the  Eiiglisli  breed  of 
horses,  and  we  know  that  after  the  reign  of  Alfred,  running 
horses  were  imported  from  Germany  ;"'^  this  being  the  first  his- 
torical intimation  we  have  of  running  horses  in  England.  It  is 
scarcely  to  be  doubted  that  this  importation  produced  a  marked 
effect  on  the  character  of  the  native  breed,  but  here,  as  before, 
no  historian  has  thought  it  worth  his  while  to  record  the  fact  of 
either  improvement  or  deterioration. 

"English  horses,  after  this,  appear  to  have  been  highly 
prized  on  the  continent,  so  that  the  German  horses  which  were 
presented  by  Hugh  Capet  to  Athelstan  had  been  turned  to  good 
account.     The  English  themselves  were,  however,  anxious  to 

*  After  this  date,  we  have  frequent  mention  of  running  horses  in  history, 
although  the  meaning  of  the  term  is  not  distinctly  comprehensible.  It  certainly 
did  not  mean  that  which  we  now  signify  by  the  term,  horses  kept  exclusively  for  the 
purpose  of  racing,  as  nothing  of  the  sort  is  traceable  in  England,  previous  to  the 
reign  of  Charles  1st.  Probably  it  meant  a  horse  of  light  and  speedy  action  for  the 
road  or  the  chase,  as  opposed  to  the  heavy  destriers  or  war-horses,  capable  of  carry- 
ing a  man-at-arms  in  complete  panoply,  whose  weight,  added  to  that  of  the  horse's 
own  armor,  could  not  have  fallen  far  short  of  twenty-five  horseman's  stone,  or  350 
pounds,  as  we  reckon  in  America. 


78  THE   H0E8E. 

preserve  the  monopoly  of  the  breed,  for  in* 930  A.  D.,  a  law 
prohibited  the  exportation  of  horses. 

"  In  Athelstan's  reign  many  Spanish  horses  were  imported, 
whicb  shows  the  desire  of  the  English,  even  at  that  early  period, 
to  imjDrove  the  breed.  It  is  no  wonder  that  their  descendants 
slionld  have  produced  the  finest  horses  in  the  world. 

"  Shortly  before  the  Norman  conquest  a  horse  was  valued  at 
thirty  shillings,  a  mare  or  colt  at  twenty  shillings,  an  ox  at  thirty 
pence,  a  cow  at  twenty-four  pence — these  prices  in  case  of  their 
being  destroyed  or  negligently  lost — and  a  man  at  a  pound." 
Money,  it  should  be  noted,  then  being  equivalent  to  at  least  fif- 
teen times  its  j^resent  value. 

"  William  tlie  Conqueror  took  great  pains  to  improve  the 
English,  breed,  introducing  many  fine  animals  from  ^Normandy, 
Flanders  and  Spain.  This  monarch  owed  his  success  at  Hast- 
ings chiefly  to  his  cavalry ;  his  own  horse  was  a  Spanish  one. 
In  this  reign  we  have  the  first  notice  of  horses  being  employed 
in  agriculture.  They  had  been  used  for  the  saddle  for  many 
centuries,  Bede  informing  us  that  the  English  began  to  use 
horses  as  early  as  *  631  A.  D.,  and  that  peoj^le  of  rank  distin 
guished  themselves  by  appearing  frequently  on  horseback. 

"  During  the  Conqueror's  reign,  the  then  Earl  of  Shrewsbury, 
Roger  de  Belesme,  brought  a  number  of  Spanish  horses  to  his 
estate  of  Powisland.  The  breed  issuing  from  these  is  highly 
eulogzied  by  Giraldus  Cambrensis  and  Dayton. 

"  In  the  reign  of  Henry  I.  we  have  an  account  of  the  first 
Arab  horse  imported  into  the  country.  It  was  presented  by 
Alexander  L,  king  of  Scotland,  to  the  church  of  St.  Andrew's, 
wilh  many  valuable  accoutrements,  and  a  considerable  estate. 
History,  however,  is  silent  as  to  the  purposes  to  which  this  ani- 
mal was  devoted,  or  as  to  what  ultimately  became  of  liim." 

It  has  been  well  pointed  out,  in  this  connection,  that  the  an- 
cient historians,  being  exclusively  monks  and  churchmen,  natu- 
rally paid  little  attention  to  the  breeding  of  horses,  which  were 
held  to  belong  to  war  rather  than  agriculture,  and  were  forbid- 
den to  their  order  ;  and  farther  it  may  be  observed  that,  until, 

*  It  is  not  easy  to  comprehend  what  this  is  intended  to  convey  ;  since  it  is  quite 
clear  that  they  used  cavalry  long  before  the  Christian  era,  and  saddle-horses  during 
the  whole  of  the  Roman  occupation. 


SMmrpTELD   KACE3.  79 

comparatively  speaking,  very  recent  times,  no  heed  has  been 
given  to  the  statistics  of  agricultural  or  animal  improvement, 
and  little  mention  made  of  such  matters,  beyond  a  casual  and 
passing  notice,  even  by  the  best  historians. 

"  The  English,"  proceeds  the  work  from  which  I  quote,  "  had 
now  " — that  is  to  say  in  the  reign  of  Henry  I. — "  become  sen- 
sible of  the  value  and  breed  of  their  horses  ;  and  in  the  twelfth 
century  a  regular  race-course  had  been  established  in  London, 
this  being  no  other  than  Smithfield,  which  was  at  once  horse- 
market  and  race-course.  Fitz  Stephen,  who  lived  at  that  period, 
gives  the  following  account  of  the  contests  between  the  palfreys 
of  the  day. 

"  '  When  a  race  is  to  be  run  by  horses,  which  in  their  kind 
are  strong  and  fleet,  a  shout  is  raised,  and  common  horses  are 
ordered  to  withdraw  from  out  the  way.  Two  jockeys  then,  or 
sometimes  three,  as  the  match  may  be  made,  prepare  them- 
selves for  the  contest,  such  as  are  used  to  ride,  and  know  how 
to  manage  their  horses  with  judgment,  the  grand  point  being 
to  prevent  a  competitor  from  getting  before  them.  The  horses 
on  their  part  are  not  without  emulation.  They  tremble,  and 
are  impatient  and  continually  in  motion.  At  last  the  signal 
once  given,  they  hurry  along  with  unremitting  velocity;  the 
jockeys  inspired  with  the  thoughts  of  applause  and  the  hopes 
of  victory,  clapping  spurs  to  their  willing  steeds,  brandishing 
their  whips,  and  cheering  them  with  their  cries.' 

"  This  is  a  quaint  and  amusing  picture  of  the  dawning  spirit 
of  horse-racing.  Crossing  was  evidently  an  acknowledged  ac- 
complishment, and  personal  flagellations  between  competing 
jockeys  not  unfrequently  resulted  from  excess  of  emulation. 
Fertile  indeed  must  have  been  their  imaginations,  if  they 
dreamed  that  their  racing  frolics  would,  in  process  of  time, 
grow  into  an  important  national  speculation  ;  much  less  could 
they  have  anticipated  that  their  unsophisticated  pastimes  were 
the  embryo  of  that  fame,  which  has  been  acquired  by  England 
through  the  medium  of  the  race-horse. 

"  This  description,  with  the  exception  of  the  cries," — cross- 
ing and  flagellation  also  I  presume  excluded — "might  have 
formed  part  of  the  record  of  a  modern  race  at  Epsom,  in  the 
columns  of  a  morning  paper ;  so  national  ie  the  English  sport 


80  THE   HORSE. 

of  horse-racing,  and  so  unchanged  are  its  characteristics,  in  all 
but  the  existing  gambling  system,  which  lias  been  incorpo- 
rated with  the  efforts  of  the  noble  animal  to  reach  the  goal 
first.* 

"The  crusades  now  followed,"  continues  my  author,  and,  in 
what  follows,  I  consider,  and  expect  to  show,  that  he  is  clearly 

*  In  Strutt's  Sports  and  Pastimes  of  the  People  of  England,  I  find  the  following 
curious  note  : — 

"  In  the  Middle  Ages  there  were  certain  seasons  of  the  year,  when  the  nobility 
indulged  themselves  in  running  their  horses,  and  especially  in  the  Easter  and  Whit- 
suntide Holydays." 

*'  In  the  old  metrical  romance  of  Sir  Bevis  of  Southampton,  it  is  said — 

"  In  summer  at  Wliitsuntide, 
When  Kniglits  must  on  horse  ride, 
A  course  let  them  make  on  a  day, 
Steedes  and  Palfraye  for  to  assaye, 
Which  horse  that  best  may  ren. 
Three  miles  the  course  was  then, 
Who  that  might  ryde  him  shouldo 
Have  forty  pounds  of  ready  golde." 

Of  this  romance  of  "  Sir  Bevis  of  Southampton,"  it  is  impossible  to  verify  the 
date,  but  its  antiquity  is  undoubted.  "  It  is  a  translation  from  the  Anglo-Norman. 
Three  MS.  copies  of  this  romance  in  English  verse " — says  Ellis,  in  his  excellent 
work  on  Early  Metrical  Romances — "are  still  extant  in  our  public  libraries  ;  viz.,  in 
the  Auchinleck  1*3.  of  the  Advocates  Library,  Edinburgh ;  in  the  Public  Library, 
Cambridge  ;  and  in  that  of  Caius  College." 

Sir  Bevis  is  pretended  to  have  been  a  Saxon  Earl,  who  lived  at,  or  about,  the 
time  of  the  conquest — this,  of  course,  being  a  fiction — as  the  whole  romance  is  pure 
imagination,  without  any,  the  slightest,  historical  foundation.  There  are,  however, 
strong  reasons  for  assigning  its  composition  to  a  very  remote  era,  Mr.  Ellis  consider- 
ing it,  for  bibliological  reasons,  as  anterior  to  the  Romance  of  Richard  Coeur  de 
Lion,  which  he,  elsewhere,  from  internal  evidence,  shows  to  have  been  nearly  con- 
temporaneous with  the  death  of  that  prince. 

The  poet  is,  it  scarcely  need  be  said,  no  authority  for  any  practice,  fashion,  or 
custom,  which  he  attributes  to  Sir  Bevis,  having  really  existed  in  the  time  to  which 
he  asci'ibes  his  hero ;  but  is  excellent  evidence  to  the  fact  that  it  existed  in  his 
own  days.  ' 

Thus,  when  we  find  in  the  relation  of  the  Trojan  wars,  in  the  Homeric  poems,  no 
mention  of  cavalry  or  of  the  trumpet,  we  may  well  rest  assured  that  they  were  not 
known  to  the  poet.  When,  in  Virgil's  account  of  the  same  war,  we  read  of  mounted 
horsemen,  of  saddles,  spurs,  and  clarions,  we  are  convinced,  not  that  these  things 
were  used  by  the  belligerents  before  Ihon,  but  that  they  were  so  familiar  to  the 
writer,  that  he  knew  nothing  contrary  to  their  use,  from  time  immemorial. 

Here,  therefore,  we  have  an  authentic  record  of  something  nearly  resembling  a 
real  race,  with  a  limited  course  and  a  valuable  prize,  in  the  latter  part,  at  farthest, 
of  the  twelfth  century — the  Smithfield  runnings  described  above  seeming  to  savor 
more  of  horse-dealers'  displays,  in  order  to  sell,  than  of  real  races. 


THE    CRUSADERS.  81 

in  error — "  jet,  though  the  opportunities  of  improving  the  Eug- 
hsh  hreed  of  horses  were  great,  from  the  facilities  with  which 
the  finest  oriental  horses  might  have  been  obtained,  no  advan- 
tage seems  to  have  been  taken  of  them.  A  gloomy  and  super- 
stitious fanaticism  solely  occupied  the  minds  of  the  warriors, 
and  to  this  all  useful  purposes  were  sacrificed ;  the  English 
horses  were  none  the  better  for  their  experience,  though  they 
must  frequently  have  felt  the  su]3eriority  of  the  oriental  breed 
in  actual  warfare." 

It  would  not  be  easy  to  find,  in  one  so  short  passage,  so 
many  palpable  mistakes.  In  the  first  place,  it  is  not  true  that 
the  crusades  led,  in  no  respect,  to  the  amelioration  of  the  Eng- 
lish breed  of  horses,  much  less  that  no  fine  oriental  horses  were 
imported — though,  probably,  it  is  quite  true,  that  they  were 
not  imported  for  the  purpose  of  improving  the  hreed  /  the  sys- 
tem of  interbreeding  animals  being  a  matter,  then,  entirely 
uncomprehended  ;  as  indeed  it  has  continued  to  be  until  a  very 
recent  date.  Secondly,  it  is  not  true,  that  "  a  gloomy  and  su- 
perstitious fanaticism  solely  occupied  the  minds  of  the  war- 
riors " — such  warriors,  be  it  remembered,  as  Eichard  Cceur  de 
Lion,  Philip  Augustus,  and,  at  a  later  date,  Edward  I.  of  Eng- 
land— when  it  is  patent,  and  distinctly  so  stated  by  William  of 
Malmesbury,  that  the  sciences  of  astronomy,  arithmetic,  music 
and  geometry,  and  the  rudiments  of  clock-making,  were  im- 
ported from  the  Saracens,  either  of  Spain  or  of  the  Holy  Land, 
by  the  crusaders.  Lastly,  it  is  most  untrue,  that  the  crusaders 
ever  felt  "  the  superiority  of  the  oriental  breed  in  actual  war- 
fare ; "  for  not  only  is  it  clear  that  the  Arab  horse  of  that,  or 
any  other  day,  is  utterly  incompetent  to  support  the  weight  of 
the  steel-sheathed  men-at-arms,  who,  during  all  the  feudal  ages 
constituted  the  real  force  of  European  armies,  but  it  is  on  actual 
record  that  the  light  cavalry  of  Asia  and  Arabia  never  once 
stood  the  shock  of  the  barbed  chivalry  of  the  West,  while  on 
one  occasion,  before  the  walls  of  Jafta,  the  English  Eichard, 
with  seventeen  knights,  "  as  we  learn  from  the  evidence  of  his 
enemies,"  says  Gibbon,  "grasping  his  lance,  rode  furiously 
along  the  front" — of  sixty  thousand  Turkish  horse — "from  the 
right  to  the  left  wing,  without  meeting  an  adversary  who  dared 
to  encounter  his  career." 
Vol.  L— 6 


82  THE   HORSE. 

It  is  stated  by  Mr.  Youatt,  although,  singuhirly  enough,  ho 
maintains  that  the  crusaders  did  not  introduce  eastern  horses, 
that  Richard  I.  did  import  two  from  Cyprus,  Mdiich  he  ob- 
serves '■'■  jprolmlly ^''  he  might  have  said  certainly^  "  were  of 
eastern  origin."  The  statement  is  made  on  the  faith  of  an  old 
metrical  Romance,  which  is  that  entitled  by  the  name  of  the 
monarch  whose  feats  it  celebrated,  usually  supposed  to  be  of 
the  time  of  Edward  L,  and  contained  in  Ellis's  Metrical  Ro- 
mances. The  lines  are  curious,  as  they  indicate  a  full  accjuaint- 
ance  with  various  animals,  natives  of  the  East,  and  more  par- 
ticularly with  the  especial  qualities  of  the  oriental  horse,  his 
speed  and  surefootedness. 

These  horses  were  named  Favell  and  Lyard — 

"  In  the  world  was  not  their  peer, 
Dromedary,  not  destrere. 
Steed  'rabyte,  ne  camayl, 
That  ran  so  swift  sans  fail, 
For  a  thousand  pounds  of  gold, 
Should  not  that  one  be  sold." 

Destrere,  it  must  be  observed,  is  the  old  spelling  of  the  word 
Destrier^  in  ISTorman  French,  derived  from  the  barbarous.  Mid- 
dle Age  Latin,  Dextrarius  signifying  a  war-horse.  Edward  I. 
also  is  known  to  have  introduced  horses  from  the  East ;  and 
that  accurate  and  inquiring  antiquary,  Sir  "Walter  Scott,  de- 
scribes his  spirit,  or  the  demon  of  the  haunted  camp  under  his 
form,  in  the  noctural  tourney  with  Alexander  of  Scotland,  as 
being  recognized  by  the  horse  he  bestrode. 

"Alike  his  Syrian  courser's  frame, 
The  rider's  length  of  limb  the  same." 

It  is  notorious,  moreover,  and  was  one  of  the  charges  against 
the  Templars,  at  the  period  of  their  downfall,  that,  being  vowed 
to  frugality  and  poverty,  as  was  indicated  by  tlieir  original  em- 
blem of  two  Knights  mounted  on  one  charger,  they  had  ex- 
pended vast  sums  in  luxurious  appliances,  of  no  real  utility,  as 
Eastern  horses,  dogs  and  birds,  for  the  chase  and  falconry,  and 
other  vain  and  worldly  pleasures. 

From  this  I  gather,  not  by  any  means  that  the  crusaders 
neglected  or  failed  to  perceive  the  peculiar  excellencies  of  the 


THE    PLANTAGENETS.  83 

oriental  horses,  much  less  avoided  to  import  them  ;  hut  tliat, 
when  they  did  introduce  them,  it  was  not,  as  yet,  with  a  view 
to  the  improvement  of  the  English  animal  by  crossing,  but  as 
a  creature  to  be  used  for  pomp  or  for  pleasure,  for  the  proces- 
sion, the  park,  or  the  hunting  field. 

Imported  it  undoubtedly  was  ;  and,  as  it  was  in  those  days 
considered  a  reproach  for  a  gentleman  to  ride  a  mare,  they  were 
doubtless  stallions  which  would  be  introduced,  and,  as  such, 
would  surely  cross  the  blood  of  the  native  horse  ;  not,  it  is  pro- 
bable, with  a  view  to  producing  chargers,  but  palfreys,  and 
what  were  then  styled  running-horses. 

Spanish  hoi-ses,  we  have  seen,  had  come  to  be  renowned,  as 
chargers,  so  early  as  the  Norman  conquest,  but  it  is  more  than 
questionable  whether  their  superiority  was  as  yet  known  to 
arise  from  their  being  traceable,  in  nearly  two  thirds,  to  the 
blood  of  the  Desert. 

At  this  time,  it  would  seem  to  have  been  considered  desir- 
able to  strengthen  the  English  horse,  and  gain  bone  and  bulk, 
rather  than  blood — not,  I  imagine,  as  Mr.  Youatt  suggests  in  the 
following  sentence,  for  agricultural,  but  rather  for  military  pur- 
poses ;  in  order  to  endure  the  ponderous  burden  of  the  mail-clad 
men-at-arms. 

"King  John,"  he  says,  "paid  great  attention  to  the  im- 
provement of  horses  for  agricultural  purposes,  and  to  him  we 
are  indebted  for  the  origin  of  our  draught-horses.  He  chiefly 
imported  Flemish  horses  "—one  hundred  chosen  stallions  on  a 
single  occasion  ;  the  Flanders  horse  being — as  it  was  even  in 
the  time  of  Marlborough  and  Prince  Eugene— the  most  ap- 
proved cavalry  trooper—"  and  such  was  his  anxiety  to  possess 
the  finest  stock  from  these,  that  he  would  accept  strong  horses 
as  rent  for  crown-lands,  and  as  fines  for  the  renewal  of  leases 
His  personal  stud  was  both  numerous  and  excellent." 

"  One  hundred  years  afterward,  Edward  II.  purchased  thirty 
war-horses  and  twelve  heavy  draught-horses." 

"  Edward  HI.  devoted  one  thousand  marks  to  the  purchase 
of  fifty  Spanish  horses  ;  and  of  such  importance  did  he  conceive 
this  addition  to  the  English,  or  rather  mingled  blood,  then  ex- 
istmg,  that  formal  application  was  made  to  the  kings  of  France 
and  Spain  to  grant  safe-conduct  to  the  troop.     When  they  had 


84  THE   HORSE. 

safely  arrived  at  the  royal  stud,  it  was  computed  tliat  they  had 
cost  the  monarch  no  less  than  thirteen  pounds  six  shillings  and 
eight  pence  per  horse,  equal  in  value  to  one  hundred  and  sixty 
pounds  of  our  money." 

"  This  monarch  had  many  running-horses.  Tlie  ])recisc 
meaning  of  the  term  is  not,  however,  clear.  It  might  be  light 
and  speedy  horses  in  opposition  to  the  war-horses,  or  those  tliat 
were  literally  used  for  the  j^urposes  of  racing." 

Of  course  nothing  like  regular  systematic  racing,  with 
courses,  distances,  w^eiglits  and  colors  were  as  yet  in  existence  ; 
but  that  testing  the  speed  of  their  favorite  coursers  was,  even 
before  this  time,  an  amusement  of  the  English  nobility,  is  made 
evident  by  the  following  historical  anecdote.  This  fact  is  in- 
troduced, with  much  effect,  by  Mr.  James,  into  one  of  his 
admirable  romances,  not  the  least  of  the  merits  of  which  is  their 
close  adherence  to  the  letter  as  well  as  the  spirit  of  the  history 
of  the  times.  The  horse,  which  was  lent  for  the  purpose  to 
which  he  was  successfully  applied,  is  described  by  the  novelist 
as  being  a  tall,  gaunt,  raw-boned  gray,  not  remarkable  for  show, 
but  of  immense  speed  and  endurance — but  whether  this  minute 
description  be  taken  from  some  ancient  chronicle,  or  be  merelj 
an  ornamental  amplification  to  aid  verisimilitude,  I  know  not. 

Edward  L,  while  prince  of  Wales,  was  taken  prisoner  with 
his  father  Henry  HI.,  at  the  battle  of  Lewes,  by  Simon  de  Mont- 
fort,  Earl  of  Leicester,  at  the  head  of  the  confederated  barons. 
Being  confined  in  a  sort  of  free  custody  under  the  guardianship 
of  certain  knights  and  noblemen,  who  were  enjoined  at  all 
times  to  have  him  in  view,  though  treating  him  with  all 
consideration  due  to  his  rank,  he  was  permitted  to  take  horse 
exercise  in  company  with  his  gentle  jailers.  On  one  occasion, 
being  furnished  with  a  charger  of  surpassing  speed  by  a  secret 
partisan,  and  instructed  how  to  profit  by  its  powers,  he  set  his 
guards  to  matching  their  horses  one  against  the  other,  offering 
small  prizes  of  honor  to  the  winners  ;  until  perceiving  that  the 
horses  were  all  more  or  less  worried,  he  proposed  to  enter  him- 
self for  a  match  with  the  last  victor,  when  he  easily  rode  away 
from  the  whole  party,  and  won  his  liberty  by  the  speed  of  his 
courser,  and  his  own  jockey  ship. 

In  the  reign  of  Eichard  IL,  horse-jockeyship  and  the  tricks 


EAELT  VALUE  OF  THE  ENGLISH  HORSE.  85 

of  dealers  had  increased  to  sucli  an  extent,  that  a  special  pro- 
clamation was  issued,  regulating  the  price  of  animals  of  various 
kinds,  and  fixing  a  maximum  value.  Like  all  other  sumptuary- 
laws  and  prohibitory  statutes  afifecting  to  regulate  trade,  this 
proclamation  proved  wholly  useless  and  fell  dead.  It  is  curious, 
however,  as  proving  the  great  increase  in  the  value  of  horses, 
since  the  preceding  reign,  and  "  showing  what  were,  four  hun- 
dred and  fifty  years  ago,  and  what  are  still,  the  chief  breeding 
districts.  It  was  ordered  to  be  published  in  the  counties  of  Lin- 
coln and  Cambridge,  and  in  the  north  and  east  ridings  of  Yoj-k. 
The  price  was  restricted  to  that  determined  by  former  sover- 
eigns." Exportation  of  horses  was  strictly  forbidden,  especially 
to  Scotland,  as  a  kingdom  with  which  England  was  constantly 
at  war ;  and  it  is  remarkable,  that,  even  in  the  time  of  Eliza- 
beth, it  was  felony  to  export  a  horse  to  Scotland. 

These  prohibitions,  how  contrary  soever  to  recent  and  inore 
enlightened  views  as  to  the  injurious  efifects  of  such  restrictions 
on  the  freedom  of  trade,  distinctly  prove  two  things.  First,  that 
the  people  and  monarchs  of  England  had  now  become  fully 
awake  to  the  value  of  race  and  breed  in  horses ;  and,  second, 
that  the  superior  quality  of  English  horses  was  thus  early  ac- 
knowledged abroad,  and  that  the  demand  for  them  was  sup- 
posed to  be  greater  than  the  superfluity. 

"  We  can  now,"  I  quote  again  from  Mr.  Youatt,  "  collect 
but  little  of  the  history  of  the  horse  until  the  reign  of  Henry  VII. 
at  the  close  of  the  fifteenth  century.  He  continued  to  prohibit 
the  exportation  of  stallions,  but  allowed  mares  to  be  exported, 
when  more  than  two  years  old,  and  under  the  value  of  six  shil- 
lings and  eight  pence.  This  regulation  was,  however,  easily 
evaded,  for  if  a  mare  could  be  found  worth  more  than  six  and 
eight  pence,  she  might  be  freely  exported  on  payment  of  that 
sum." 

This  last  sentence,  I  confess,  with  all  deference  to  Mr. 
Youatt,  is  to  me  incomprehensible  ;  or  rather  it  seems  to  be 
utter  nonsense. 

It  is  evident,  from  the  spirit  of  the  statute,  which  is  intended 
to  prohibit  the  exportation  of  valuable  animals,  and  permit — • 
perhaps  promote — that  of  worthless  jades,  that  six  shillings  and 


86  THE   HOESE. 

eight  pence  was,  then,  the  tninimum  price  of  a  two-year-old 
mare. 

The  difficulty  was,  probably,  not  to  find  a  mare  of  that  age, 
over,  but  one  binder,  that  value.  It  was,  as  in  jyrice  races,  where 
the  winner  can  be  claimed  for  purchase  at  a  low  price,  a  prohi- 
bition on  the  valuable  beast. 

Xow,  it  is  not  easy  to  conceive  where  the  ease  of  evading 
such  a  statute  should  lie.  Since  if  six  shillings  and  eight  pence 
were  the  value,  to  the  native  breeder  or  dealer,  of  a  very  infe- 
rior animal,  he  Avould  not — one  should  say — be  very  like  to  find 
one  of  greater  value,  and  sell  it  to  the  foreign  dealer,  for  less 
than  it  was  actually  worth  to  himself. 

If  Mr.  Youatt  merely  means  to  say — what  he  does  not  say — 
that  it  would  be  easy  to  make  a  nominal  sale  at  six  and  eight 
pence,  while  a  much  larger  price  should  be  secretly  understood 
and  paid,  he  merely  predicates  what  is  the  case  of  every  statute 
having  reference  to  money  values,  bargains,  bets,  or  borrow- 
ings ;  and  consequently  the  remark  is  of  no  value,  or  meaning. 

In  the  reign  of  Henry  YIII.,  many  highly  arbitrary  statutes 
were  passed,  and  doubtless  enforced — for  few  of  his  enactments 
were  not  enforced,  rigorously  and  unto  terror — for  the  improve- 
ment of  the  horse. 

It  was  decreed — and  I  cannot  doubt,  although  Mr.  Youatt 
seems  to  do  so,  with  great  advantage  to  the  breed,  however  it 
might  be  to  the  owners — that  no  stallion  should  be  suifered  to 
run  at  large,  on  any  waste  or  common,  where  the  animals  pas- 
tured, and  were  of  course  liable  to  breed  promiscuously,  under 
the  height  of  fifteen  hands,  on  23ain  of  forfeiture  ;  and  that  all 
foals,  fillies  or  mares  likely  to  breed  undersized  or  ill-shaped 
produce,  should  be  killed  and  buried. 

He  also  compelled,  by  act,  all  the  nobility,  gentry,  and 
higher  orders  of  the  clergy,  to  keep  a  number  of  liorses  propor- 
tionate to  their  rank  ;  and  obliged,  even,  every  country  parson, 
"  whose  wife  should  be  entitled  to  wear  a  French  hood,  or  vel- 
vet bonnet,"  *  to  keep  an  entire  trotting  horse  under  penalty 
of  twenty  pounds. 

*  This  was  a  sumptuary  regulation.  The  wife  of  no  person,  below  a  certain 
rank  in  society,  possessed  of  a  certain  annual  income,  being  permitted  to  wear  such 
a  hood. 


TIMES    OF   HENRY    Vm.  87 

I  readily  admit  the  liarslmess  and  arbitrary  nature  of  sncli 
regulations,  but  I  cannot  imagine  how  "  they  should  have  the 
effect,  which  common  sense  would  have  anticipated — that  the 
breed  of  horses  was  not  materially  improved,  and  the  numbers 
sadly  diminished." 

The  prohibiting,  and  in  a  great  measure  rendering  impossi- 
ble, the  production  of  offspring  by  undersized  and  ill-formed 
l^arents,  is  only  compelling  the  whole  unreflecting  populace  to 
do  what  every  reflecting  and  intelligent  breeder  does  voluntarily, 
because  he  knows  it  is  for  his  own  advantage  to  do  it. 

'No  horseman  can,  I  presume,  doubt  that,  if  such  a  thing 
were  possible  as  absolutely  to  prohibit  and  prevent  the  use  of 
stallions  or  mares,  for  breeding  purposes,  evidently  broken- 
winded,  with  faulty  forelegs,  bad  feet,  spavined,  or  otherwise 
notoriously  unsound,  malformed,  or  jihysically  defective,  the 
race  of  animals  would  be  immediately  and  materially  im- 
proved. 

If  the  qualities,  whether  defects  or  merits,  of  the  horse,  and 
of  animals  generally,  whether  physical  or  mental,  be  hereditary 
and  transmissible  with  the  blood,  the  improvement,  which 
would  result  from  such  prohibition,  is  a  necessary  consequence. 

If  the  qualities  be  not  hereditary  and  transmissible,  then  the 
whole  theory  and  system  of  breeding  is  a  fallacy,  and  the  blood- 
horse  himself  not  a  reality  but  a  myth. 

That  such  prohibitory  enactments  as  that  first  named,  com- 
pelling the  destruction  of  undersized  horses  and  mares  on  the 
public  Avastes  and  commons,  would  naturally  tend,  if  uncon- 
nected with  any  other  statute  on  the  subject,  to  diminish  the 
number,  while  improving  the  standard,  of  all  horses  bred,  is 
certain. 

But  we  find  here  in  Henry  YIII.'s  reign — wonderful  reign, 
trul}',  of  a  wonderful  man — another  enactment,  far  more  arbi- 
trary than  the  preceding — rendering  compulsor}^  the  maintenance 
of  so  great  a  number  of  full-sized  mares  and  stallions,  in  every 
deer  park,  and  in  every  rural  parish  of  the  realm,  as  must  have 
tended  to  bring  about  an  increase  of  animals,  bred  of  powerful 
and  well-formed  parents,  equal,  at  least — in  all  probability,  one 
would  say,  vastly  superior — to  that  of  the  worthless  jades,  de- 
stroyed under  the  first  clause  of  the  act. 


88  THE   HOERE. 

It  is  curious  that  we  have  nearly  a  contemporary  account 
of  horse-races,  ridden  by  Henry  himself,  with  Charles  Bi^andon, 
Duke  of  Suffolk,  in  the  presence  of  Queen  Katharine,  and  that, 
in  his  I'eign,  the  first  annual  races,  on  a  regular  race-course, 
were  established  in  England  :  so  closely — it  might  be  said,  indi- 
visibly — is  horse-racing,  in  its  j^roper  form,  connected  with  the 
improvement  of  the  horse. 

"  Katharine  and  the  royal  bride,"  says  Miss  Strickland,  in 
her  life  of  Katharine  of  Arragon, — the  royal  bride  being  Mary, 
Henry's  favorite  sister,  widow  of  Louis  XH.  of  France,  and 
bride  of  Charles  Brandon, — "  rode  a  Maying  with  the  king  from 
the  palace  of  Greenwich  to  Shooter's  Hill.  Here  the  archers 
of  the  king  met  them  dressed  like  Robin  Hood  and  his  outlaws, 
and  begged  that  the  royal  party  would  enter  the  good  green- 
wood, and  see  how  outlaws  lived. 

"  On  this  Henry  turned  to  the  queen,  and  asked  her,  '  if  she 
and  her  damsels  would  venture  in  a  thicket  with  so  many  out- 
laws ? ' 

"  Katharine  replied.  '  that  where  he  went  she  was  content 
to  go.' 

"  The  king  then  handed  her  to  a  sylvan  bower,  formed  of 
hawthorn  boughs,  spring  flowers  and  moss,  with  apartments 
adjoining,  where  was  laid  out  a  breakfast  of  venison.  The 
queen  partook  of  the  feast,  and  was  greatly  delighted  with  this 
lodge  in  the  wilderness  :  "  here  follows  a  long  description  of  the 
pageants  which  they  encountered  on  their  return  to  Greenwich 
palace,  concluding  with  this  passage  : — 

"  The  amusements  of  the  day  concluded  with  the  king  and 
his  brother-in-law,  the  Duke  of  Suffolk,  riding  races  on  great 
coursers,  which  were  like  the  Flemish  breed  of  dray-horses. 
Strange  races  these  must  have  been,"  adds  the  lady  writer, 
"  but  this  is  the  first  mention  of  horse-racing  made  in  English 
history." 

It  is  not  the  first  mention,  as  I  have  shown  above,  but  it  may, 
perhaps,  be  considered  the  first  instance  of  horse-racing  being 
used  as  an  acknowledged  sport,  and  part  of  a  series  of  regular 
and  pre-devised  entertainments — the  rather  that  we  find  a  race- 
course proper,  with  annual  meetings  and  fixed  prizes,  first 
established  in  this  reign. 


THE   TERM    "  GEEAT   HORSE."  89 

Miss  Strickland,  however,  errs  widely,  and  not  unnaturally, 
as  a  lady  is  not  expected  to  be  skilled  in  the  dialect  of  the 
horse-market,  in  the  interpretation  she  puts  on  the  words  of  the 
old  chi'onicler,  Hall,  and  on  the  character  which  she  attaches 
to  the  Flemish  Breed. 

The  term  great  courser^  as  used  in  the  text,  or  as  it  is,  per- 
haps, more  frequently  written,  great  horse,  means  no  more  than 
war-horse,  as  opposed  to  palfrey  or  running-horse,  and  has  no 
especial  reference  to  the  size,  bulk,  or  breed  of  the  animal, 
though  doubtless  the  war-horse  was  a  larger  and  heavier  animal 
than  that  used  for  mere  amusement. 

Afterwards  the  term  great  horse,  simply,  is  to  be  understood 
as  the  horse  broken  to  the  manege ;  it  is  a  term,  familiar  to  any 
one  acquainted  with  the  old  English  writers,  to  say  of  a  young 
gentleman,  who  had  finished  his  physical  education,  that  he 
could  fence  and  ride  the  great  horse,  meaning  that  he  could  per- 
fectly ride  the  manege. 

It  is  true,  that  the  inferior  men-at-arms,  at  this  period,  were 
mounted  on  Flemish  horses,  but  the  princes  and  nobles  and 
other  knights  of  renown  rode  Spanish  or  English  horses,  with  a 
considerable  strain  of  desert  blood,  possessing,  through  Flemish 
and  other  strains,  bone  and  bulk  sufficient  to  carry  warriors  in 
their  panoply. 

But  it  is  not  true  that  the  Flemish  horse  of  that  day,  or 
later,  when  Marlborough  at  the  head  of  the  Dutch  and  English 
cavalry,  mounted  on  Flemish  chai'gers,  rode  over  the  superb 
French  gendarmerie  of  Maison  Boi  at  Malplaquet,  bore  any 
resemblance  whatever  to  the  dray-horse  of  to-day,  though  he  be 
also  Flanders  descent,  any  more  than  did  the  "  Flanders  mares  " 
which  were  the  highest  aspiration  of  the  extravagant  court 
beauty  in  the  days  of  Pope. 

To  any  person,  who  knows  any  thing  of  cavalry  tactics,  it 
is  evident  that  the  utmost  speed,  compatible  with  the  ability  to 
carry  weight,  is  the  desideratum  in  a  charger.  And  every  one 
who  has  ever  seen  an  English  dray-horse  knows  that  he  cannot 
trot,  much  less  gallop  ;  while  I  myself  remember  that  within  the 
present  half  century  the  old  unimproved  English  carriage  horse, 
high-stepping  and  awkwardly  moving,  was  doing  great  work  if 
he  trotted  six  miles  an  hour,  and  could  by  no  means  be  brought 


90  THE   nOKSE, 

to  gallop,  even  under  the  saddle,  when  he  was  Bometiuies 
backed  hy  an  unfortunate  groom  or  out-rider. 

It  is  certainly  true  that  heavier,  slower,  and  coarser  chargers 
were  used  when  men  fought  in  complete  steel,  than  now  M-lieu 
they  charge  in  liuzzar  dolmans  and  pelisses ;  but  the  weight 
has  been  vastly  exaggerated,  and  the  breed  deteriorated.  Nor 
do  I  believe,  that,  were  it  possible  to  be  proved,  there  was  so 
much  diiference  between  the  chargers  of  the  English  men-at- 
arms  Avho  decided  the  fight  at  Cressy,  and  those  which  fought 
at  Malplaquet  and  Dettingen,  as  there  is  between  the  latter  and 
the  British  troop-horses  lately  serving  in  the  East. 

To  proceed,  however,  in  order,  it  was  during  ELenry'a 
occupancy  of  the  throne,  though  the  exact  year  is  not  known, 
that  an  annual  race  was  run  at  Chester. 

"  The  prize  was  a  w^ooden  ball  embellished  with  flowers, 
fixed  upon  the  jDoint  of  a  lance.  This  diversion  was  repeated 
in  the  presence  of  the  mayor  of  the  city,  and  was  celebrated 
on  the  Koodee,  the  identical  spot  where  the  races  are  held  at 
this  day.  These  trophies  were  provided  by  the  company  of 
saddlers.  In  the  year  1540,  a  silver  bell  was  substituted  for 
the  former  prize,  under  the  title  of  St.  George's  Bell."  Hence 
comes  the  common  phrase  to  "  bear  the  bell,"  as  equivalent  to 
be  the  victor. 

In  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  for  some  reason  not  clearly  expli- 
cable, the  number  and  breed  of  horses  in  England  would  both 
have  appeared  to  degenerate ;  for  it  is  stated,  that  when  she 
mustered  the  whole  militia  of  her  realm  to  resist  the  invasion 
of  Don  Philip,  she  could  collect  but  three  thousand  horse. 

Taking  the  statement  to  be  true,  however,  which  I  cannot 
readily  do, — seeing  that  at  the  period  of  the  usurpation  of  Jane 
Grey  and  Dudley,  only  a  few  years  earlier,  the  protector  North- 
umberland was  at  the  head  of  two  thousand  horse,  and  Queen 
Mary  of  a  yet  larger  body,  while  the  Princess  Elizabeth,  at  a 
few  days'  notice,  levied  a  thousand  to  defend  her  own  and  her 
sister's  rights — I  attribute  it  to  other  causes  than  the  disuse  of 
horses  or  decay  of  horsemanship  in  England. 

It  miglit,"^'  if  it  be  a  fact,  arise  from  the  prohibition,  enforced 

*  It  is  evident,  howeyer,  that,  for  all  this  allegation  of  deterioration  of  the  ani- 
mal, in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  blood  bad  already  its  full  and  due  appreciation,  and 


THE   MAEKIIAJM   ARABIAN.  91 

during  tlie  Tudor  reigns,  to  the  supporting  bodies  of  armed 
retainers  by  the  great  nobles ;  and  niight  rather  point  to  the 
consequences  of  the  decline  of  feudal  militia,  and  the  absence 
as  yet  of  a  regular  cavalry  force,  than  to  the  decay  to  so  enor- 
mous an  extent  in  so  short  a  time  of  the  equestrian  resources 
of  England,  the  people  of  which  in  their  habits  continued, 
both  high  and  low,  and  still  to  this  day  continue,  to  be  singu- 
larly equestrian,  using  the  saddle  infinitely  more,  and  light 
vehicles  immeasurably  less,  than  the  corresponding  classes  of 
the  United  States. 

With  the  accession  of  James  I.  to  the  throne  of  England,  a 
monarch,  of  whom  it  is  well  that  one,  by  any  scrutiny,  may 
discover  and  declare  one  creditable  feature,  a  great  improve- 
ment was  systematically  wrought  in  the  English  breed,  and 
from  this  period  breeding  was  constantly  and  progressively 
attended  to.  James  purchased  Markham's  Arabian  horse  at 
the  then  extraordinary  price  of  £500,  but  lie  was  found  to  be 
deficient  in  speed ;  and  the  Duke  of  I^Tewcastle,  who  then 
managed  the  king's  racing  and  hunting  studs,  having,  it  is  said, 
on  this  account  taken  a  dislike  to  the  horse,  his  breed  does  not 
seem  to  have  been  tested,  and  for  a  time  Arabians  fell  into  dis- 
repute. 

Eace   meetings  were  now  regularly  held  at  Newmarket, 

that  horses  were  valued  in  accordance  to  their  pedigree,  as  apart  from,  or  perhaps 
above,  their  performances  ;  and  that  to  a  degree  which  seemed  absurd  and  idle  to 
persons  ignorant  of  the  extent  to  which  hereditary  qualities  are  transmitted  in  the 
blood  of  horses,  and  which  Bishop  Hall  considered  so  worthy  of  ridicule,  as  to  hold 
it  up  to  derision  as  a  fallacy,  in  one  of  his  satires  : — 

"  Dost  thou  prize 
Thy  brute  beast's  worth  by  their  dam's  qualities  ? 
Say'st  thou  this  colt  shall  prove  a  swift -paced  steed? 
Only  because  a  Jennet  did  him  breed? 
Or  say'st  thou  this  same  horse  shall  win  the  prize. 
Because  his  dam  was  swiftest  Truncheflce, 
Or  Runcevall  his  sire ;  himself  a  galloway, 
"While  like  a  tireling  jade  he  lags  half  way  ?  " 

The  error  of  the  worthy  prelate,  who  is  not  expected  to  be  a  capital  Turfman, 
in  under-estimating  blood,  surely  proves  that  in  his  day  it  was  not  generally  under- 
estimated in  England ;  and  it  farther  indicates  the  common  and  usual  occurrence 
of  running  for  prizes.  In  conjunction  with  what  has  been  before  shown,  I  think  it 
goes  far  to  prove  that  the  alleged  deterioration  of  the  English  horse,  under  Elizabeth, 
is  imaginary ;  and  that  the  improvement  of  the  animal  in  England  has  been  pro- 
gressive from  the  first. 


93  THE   IIOKSE. 

Croydon,  Theobald's  on  Epping  chase,  Stamford,  various  places 
in  Yorkshire,  and,  as  of  old,  at  Chester.*     A  regular  system  of 

*  In  Strutt's  Sports  and  Pastimes  I  find  the  following  curious  and  suggestive  no- 
tices of  the  early  courses  : — 

The  Chester  Races. — "  In  1665,  5th  of  Charles  Second,"  according  to  a  Chester 
antiquary,  probably  the  elder  Randal  Holme  of  Chester,  one  of  the  heralds  of  the 
city,  "  the  sheriffs  would  have  no  calves'  head  feast,  but  put  the  charge  of  it  into  a 
piece  of  plate  to  be  run  for  on  that  day,  Shrove  Tuesday ;  and  the  high  sheriff  bor- 
rowed a  Barbary  horse  of  Sir  Thomas  Middleton,  which  won  him  the  plate  ;  and 
being  master  of  the  race,  he  would  not  suffer  the  horses  of  Master  Massy,  of  Pud- 
dington,  and  of  Sir  Philip  Egerton  of  Sutton,  to  run,  because  they  came  the  day 
after  the  time  prefixed  for  the  horses  to  be  brought  and  kept  in  the  city,  which 
thing  caused  all  the  gentry  to  relinquish  our  races  ever  since." 

The  Stamford  Races. — "  Races,"  continues  Mr.  Strutt,  "  something  similar  to 
those  above,  are  described  by  Butcher,  in  his  survey  of  the  town  of  Stamford,  first 
printed  A.  D.  1646,  as  practised  in  the  vicinity  of  the  town  of  Stamford  in  Lincoln- 
shire ;  '  a  concourse,'  says  he,  '  of  noblemen  and  gentlemen  meet  together,  in  mirth, 
peace  and  amity,  for  the  exercise  of  their  swift  running  horses,  every  Thursday  in 
March.  The  prize  they  run  for  is  a  silver  and  gilt  cup,  with  a  cover,  to  the  value 
of  seven  or  eight  pounds,  provided  by  the  care  of  the  aldermen  for  the  time  being ; 
but  the  money  is  raised  out  of  the  interest  of  a  stock  formerly  made  up  by  the  no- 
bility and  gentry,  which  are  neighbors  and  well-wishers  to  the  town." 

These  two  passages  indicate,  the  latter  even  prior  to  the  commonwealth,  the 
existence  of  something  very  nearly  allied  to  our  present  system  of  horse-racing, 
although  necessarily  without  its  nice  and  minute  details,  the  result  of  long  expe- 
rience, and  a  complete  acquaintance  with  all  the  desiderata  of  the  sport. 

Here,  however,  we  have  stated  meetings,  a  stated  course,  prizes  given,  partly, 
it  is  clear,  to  encourage  the  breed  of  horses,  partly  to  attract  company  to  the 
town,  whose  corporation,  like  that  of  Doncaster,  to-day,  profited  by  the  influx  of 
visitors. 

From  this  time  the  sport  has  continued,  unchecked,  except  for  a  short  period 
during  the  foolish  fanaticism  of  the  Puritan  usurpation — a  fanaticism  opposed  by 
Oliver  Cromwell,  who  himself  owned  race-horses,  though  perhaps  he  never  ran 
them — until  the  present  day,  when  it  may  be  considered  a  national  characteristic. 
James  II.  and  William  of  Orange  both  encouraged  horse-racing  as  the  best  means 
of  improving  the  British  horse.  Anne,  in  whose  reign  the  Darley  Arabian  and  Cur- 
wen's  Barb  were  imported,  both  kept  running  horses  herself  and  gave  an  annual 
gold  cup  to  be  run  for  at  York  ;  and  the  custom  of  giving  king's  plates  to  the  value 
of  fifty  or  a  hundred  pounds,  for  the  ostensible  purpose  of  fostering  the  breed  of 
Enghsh  horses,  originated  with  her,  and  has  been  continued  unto  the  present  hour, 
the  actual  sums  of  money  being  run  for,  in  lieu  of  manufactured  plate,  at  almost 
every  provincial  course  of  any  note  in  England.  George  IV.  and  William  IV.  were 
both  ardent  supporters  of  the  turf;  and  the  latter  sovereign,  at  one  time,  owned  a 
stud  not  easily  to  be  surpassed  in  his  realm,  comprising  the  Colonel,  Zinganee,  and 
Fleur  de  lis — three  incomparable  animals,  which  I  once  saw,  in  1830,  come  in  first, 
second,  and  third,  the  rest  of  the  field  nowhere,  running  against  one  another  for  the 
Goodwood  cup,  the  sailor  king  refusing,  in  his  naval  mood  of  blunt  fair  play,  to 
declare,  and  insisting  that  the  best  animal  of  the  three  should  win. 


EARLY    STEEPLE-CHASING.  93 

training  the  horses,  and  of  running  according  to  weight,  age 
and  distance,  was  now  introduced.  Pedigrees  were  kept,  the 
best  and  stoutest  horses  and  mares  being  kept  for  breed,  and 
their  progeny  being  for  the  most  part  set  aside  for  racing  pur- 
poses. 

"  The  races  of  King  James  were  in  great  part,"  sajs  Mr. 
Touatt,  "  matches  against  time,  or  trials  of  speed  or  bottom  for 
absurdly  long  and  cruel  distances." 

"  There  was,  at  first,"  he  says  elsewhere,  "  no  course  marked 
out  for  the  race,  but  the  contest  generally  consisted  in  running 
train-scent^^ — what  is  now  known  as  a  drag — "  across  the  coun- 
try, and  sometimes  the  most  difficult  and  dangerous  part  of  the 
country  was  selected  for  the  exhibition.  Occasionally  our  pre- 
sent steeple-chase  was  adopted  with  all  its  dangers  and  more 
than  its  present  barbarity ;  as  persons  were  appointed  cruelly 
to  flog  along  the  exhausted  and  jaded  horses." 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that  Mr.  Youatt  neither  states  the  date 
of  these  performances,  nor  indicates  his  authority.  He  mentions 
them,  however,  previously,  in  f)oint  of  place,  to  his  mention  of 
King  James's  matches  against  time,  wherefore  I  presume  that 
they  took  place  previously,  in  regard  of  occurrence.  The  fact 
is  stated  as  if  in  relation  to  the  races  at  Chester  and  Stamford, 
in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth. 

Yet  this  seetns  hardly  to  consist  with  the  mention  of  the 
Roodee,  which  is  and  was  a  regular  course. 

Her  present  Majesty  has  never,  nor  has  the  prince  consort,  entered  a  race-horse 
for  any  prize,  but  they  are  constant  attendants  at  the  racing  meetings,  and  a  small 
but  splendid  royal  stud  of  mares  is  now  kept  at  Hampton  Court,  with  success  and 
profit. 

Never,  probably,  has  the  turf  been  so  popular  in  England,  as  it  is  now,  since  its 
purification  by  the  late  Lord  George  Bentinck ;  never  was  it  so  efficiently  supported, 
nor  ever,  I  believe,  despite  all  the  silly  outcries  about  deterioration  of  blood,  decline 
of  size  and  physique,  and  decrease  of  soundness,  stamina,  and  stanchness,  has  the 
English  or  the  American  race-horse  been  equal,  far  less  superior,  to  what  it  now  is, 
either  in  perfection  of  blood,  stoutness  of  constitution,  symmetry,  beauty,  size, 
speed,  or  bottom. 

But  I  will  not  anticipate ;  this  portion  of  the  subject  will  be  considered  in  a  dif- 
ferent place ;  and  now,  after  a  few  general  remarks  on  the  now  existing  thorough 
blood  of  the  Enghsh  horse,  I  shall  pass  to  that  of  America,  which  is  identical  with 
it,  unless  in  so  far  as  it  may  have  been  acted  on  by  the  influences  of  climate,  or  the 
mode  of  handling  and  treatment. 


9i  THE   HORSE. 

From  tlie  reign  of  Jamos  I.,  however,  the  history  of  English 
racing  and  of  the  Englisli  race-liorse  may  be  lield  to  conimeuce, 
although  no  existing  pedigrees  trace  so  far  hack. 

I  find  a  curious  notice  in  Brandt's  popular  antiquities,  which 
ajDpears  to  relate  to  this  period,  if  one  may  judge  by  the  con- 
text ;  the  date  of  Misson's  travels  I  have  not  yet  been  able  to 
ascertain,  but  the  collocation  of  the  sentences  seems  to  indicate 
that  it  was  prior  to  1641. 

"  Misson,  in  his  travels  in  England,  translated  by  Ozell, 
p.  231,  says  :  '  The  English  nobility  take  great  delight  in  horse- 
races. The  most  famous  are  usually  at  Newmarket,  and  there 
you  are  sure  to  see  a  great  many  persons  of  the  first  quality, 
and  almost  all  the  gentlemen  of  the  neighborhood.  It  is  pretty 
common  for  them  to  lay  wagers  of  two  thousand  pounds  sterling 
upon  one  race.  I  have  seen  a  horse  after  having  run  twenty 
miles  in  fifty-five  minutes,  upon  ground  less  even  than  that 
where  the  races  are  run  at  Newmarket,  and  won  the  wager  for 
his  master,  would  have  been  able  to  run  anew  without  taking 
breath,  if  he,  that  had  lost,  had  ventured  to  run  again.  There 
are  also  races  run  by  men.' 

"In  Ilinde's  Life  of  Master  John  Bruen,  a  Puritan  of  great 
celebrity,  1611,  p.  101,  the  author  recommends  '  unto  many  of 
our  gentlemen,  and  to  many  of  inferior  rank,  that  they  would 
give  over  their  foot-races,  and  horse-races,  &c.' 

"A  proclamation  was  issued  by  the  Protector  Cromwell,  8th 
April,  1658,  'prohibiting  horse-races  in  England  and  Wales 
for  eight  months.' " 

I  have  extracted  the  three  quotations,  though  it  is  the  first 
only,  which  I  especially  regard  in  this  place — supposing  it  to 
have  some  relation  to  "the  absurdly  long  and  cruel  distances" 
of  Mr.  Youatt — in  order  to  show  how  their  relative  bearing 
would  appear  to  countenance  the  idea  of  its  date  being  that  of 
King  James  I.  or  early  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 

It  is,  and  is  acknowledged  and  admitted  to  be,  a  fact,  that 
Barbs  and  Turkish  horses  had,  long  before  the  period  of  the 
commonwealth,  been  imported  into  England — although  with 
the  exception  of  the  horse,  mentioned  before  as  introduced  by 
Alexander  I.  of  Scotland — the  Markham  Arabian  is  probably 
the  first  of  this  strain  ever  brought  into  the  British  Isles;  yet 


TURKISH   HOUSES   IN   ENGLAND.  95 

I  cannot,  myself,  perceive  wherefore  the  rejection  of  this  Arab 
should  be  charged,  as  it  generally  appears  now  to  be,  as  an 
error,  against  the  Marqnis  of  Newcastle,  the  same  who  gallant- 
ly commanded  for  the  king  at  Marston  Moor,  and  would  have 
won  for  him  his  battle,  and  perhajjs  his  crown,  but  for  the  mad 
and  selfish  impetuosity  of  Rupert. 

This  is,  however,  nothing  to  the  point,  however  much  it  may 
be  so  that  he  was  considered  the  best  horseman  and  tlie  best 
judge  of  horses  of  his  day,  and  that  he  has  left,  as  a  legacy  to 
posterity  and  a  bounty  to  all  those  who  love  that  noble  animal, 
incomparably  the  best  old  English  work  on  the  horse. 

It  is  now  pretty  generally  admitted  that,  whether  Barb, 
Turk,  Syrian,  or  Arab  of  the  desert  proper,  all  oriental  blood 
has  had  its  share  and  influence  in  reinvigorating  the  blood  of 
the  .English  thoroughbred,  and  giving  to  it  those  peculiar  qual- 
ities which  cause  it,  with  justice,  at  this  day,  to  be  esteemed 
the  best,  completest,  and  most  perfect  animal  in  the  world. 

In  what  degree  these  animals  have  ministered  to  our  now 
dominant  strain,  is  by  no  means  to  be  ascertained  ;  but  it  is  to 
be  noted  that  most  of  the  early  imported  foreign  stallions  were 
not  Eastern  Arahs. 

During  the  protectorate,  Oliver  Cromwell,  who,  though  he 
was  compelled  by  the  necessity  of  conciliating  the  absurd  j)re- 
judices  of  the  Puritans,  to  forbid  racing,  was  yet  an  ardent 
lover  of  the  horse,  and  an  earnest  promoter  and  jjatron  of  all 
that  belongs  to  horsemanship,  purchased  of  Mr.  Place,  after- 
wards his  stud-master,  the  celebrated  "  White  Turk  " — still  re- 
corded as  the  most  beautiful  south-eastern  horse  ever  brought 
into  England,  and  the  oldest  to  w^hich  our  present  strain  refers. 
To  him  succeeds  Yilliers,  duke  of  Buckingham,  his  Helmsley 
Turk,  and  to  him  Fairfax's — the  same  great  statesman  and 
brave  soldier,  who  fought  against  ISTewcastle  at  Marston — Mo- 
rocco Barb. 

And  to  these  three  horses  it  is  that  the  English  race-horse  of 
the  old  time  chiefly  owes  its  purity  of  blood.  If  we  except  the 
royal  mares,  specially  imported  by  Charles  II.,  to  which  it  is — 
mythically,  rather  than  justly — held  that  all  Enghsh  blood 
shoald  trace. 

Of  all  succeeding  importations,  those,  which  are  principally 


96  THE   H0E8E. 

known  and  referred  to,  as  having  notoriously  amended  our 
horse — by  proof  of  stock  begotten  of  superior  qualities,  and 
victorious  on  the  turf  through  long  generations— but  few  are 
true  Arabs. 

We  have,  it  is  true,  the  Darley  Arabian,  the  Leeds  Arabian, 
Honey  wood's  White,  the  Oglethorpe,  the  Newcome  Bay  Moun- 
tain, the  Damascus,  Cullen's  Brown,  the  Chestnut,  the  Lonsdale 
Bay,  Combe's  Gray  and  Bell's  Gray  Arabians ;  but  what  is 
generally  called  the  Godolphin  A^'obia^i,  as  it  seems  now  to  be 
the  prevailing  opinion — his  origin  not  being  actually  ascer- 
tained— was  a  Barb,  not  an  Arab  from  Arabia  proper.  Against 
these,  again,  we  iind  Place's  White  Turk,  D'Arcey's  Turk,  the 
Yellow  Turk,  Lister's  or  the  Straddling  Turk,  the  Byerly  Turk, 
the  Selaby  Turk,  the  Acaster  Turk ;  Curwen's  Bay  Barb,  Comp- 
ton's  Barb,  the  Thoulouse  Barb,  Layton's  Barb  Mare,  great- 
great-grandam  of  Miss  Layton ;  the  Royal  Mares,  which  were 
Barbs  from  Tangier,  and  many  other  Barb  horses,  not  from  the 
Eastern  desert,  heading  the  pedigrees  of  our  best  horses. 

In  this  connection,  I  would  observe  that  the  very  reasons  for 
wdiich  the  Marquis  of  ISTewcastle  condemned  the  Markham  Ara- 
bian— viz.,  that  when  regularly  trained  he  could  do  nothing 
against  race-horses — on  account  of  which  condemnation  he  has 
received  a  sneer  or  a  slur  from  every  writer  who  has  discussed 
the  subject,  are  those  which,  at  this  very  moment,  prevent 
prudent  breeders  from  having  recourse  to  oriental  blood  of  any 
kind. 

They  cannot  run  or  last  against  the  English  horse.  They 
have  not  the  size,  the  bone,  the  muscle,  or  the  shape,  if  we  ex- 
cept the  beautiful  head,  the  fine  neck,  thin  withers,  and  admira- 
bly long,  deep  and  sloping  shouklers,  which  are  the  inevitable 
characteristics  of  the  race.  Therefore,  all  men  who  breed  with 
an  eye  to  profit, — and  howsoever  it  might  have  been  in  the 
olden  times  of  the  Turf,  there  are  few  now  who  have  not  an 
eye  to  it,  either  as  hoping  to  win  on  the  turf,  or  to  produce  sala- 
ble stock — prefer  to  put  their  mares  to  known  English  winning 
horses,  proved  gettei's  of  winners,  of  unquestioned  bottom  and 
stoutness,  rather  than  to  try  stallions  of  the  desert  blood,  con- 
cerning which  nothing  is  known  beyond  the  attested  pedigree, 
and  the  visible  shapes 


BAEB    VS.    ARAB.  97 

Al]  this  being  considered,  and  especially  the  fact  that  there 
is  more  Turk  and  Barb  than  real  Arabian  blood  in  the  j^resent 
race,  when  it  is  admitted  also  that  Newcastle  was  a  consummate 
liorseman,  I  think  it  quite  as  well  to  hear  what  he  has  to  say  for 
himself,  and  not  to  continue  uttering,  what  Mr.  Carlvle  would 
call  inarticulate  howls  over  what  cannot,  at  all  events,  now  be 
helped,  and  perhaps  was  not  any  harm  in  the  beginning. 

"  I  never  saw,"  says  he,  ed.  of  1667,  p.  73,  "  but  one  of  these 
horses,  which  Mr.  John  Markham,  a  merchant,  brought  over, 
and  said  he  was  a  right  Arabian.  He  was  a  bay,  but  a  little 
horse,  and  no  rarity  for  shape,  for  I  have  seen  many  English 
horses  far  finer.  Mr.  Markham  sold  him  to  King  James  for  five 
hundred  pounds,  and  being  trained  up  for  a  course,  when  ho 
came  to  run,  every  horse  beat  him." 

Of  this  statement,  Mr.  Youatt,  who  decides  ex  cathedra  that 
the  Marquis's  opinion  was  "  probably  altogether  erroneous  " — 
one  does  not  see  why  so,  unless  because,  on  all  other  points,  it 
is  almost  invariably  sound — makes  quite  a  diflferent  one,  ascrib- 
ing to  the  old  writer  a  dictum,  which  he  uses  not,  namely,  that 
"  this  Arabian  was  a  little  lony  horse."  The  introduction  of  the 
word  5ow,y,  carries  much  with  it;  so  much  that  in  all  likeli- 
hood, if  the  horse  had  been  bony,  the  Marquis  might  have 
held  a  different  opinion  concerning  the  propriety  of  breeding 
from  him. 

As  it  is,  we  can  only  hold  that  his  view  was  a  correct  one ; 
the  horse  when  tried  could  not  run,  and  when  examined  as  to 
form  was  found  inferior.  For  these  causes,  he  was  ruled  out  as 
a  stock  getter.  So  would  any  horse  be  niled  out  to-day,  if  he 
were  an  Arab  bearing  visibly  on  his  forehead  the  seal  of  King 
Solomon  himself,  or  if  he  were  an  English  thoroughbred,  de- 
scended, through  all  the  time-honored  magnates  of  the  Turf, 
from  that  most  unimpeachable  of  all  attainable  ends,  an  im- 
ported Eastern  sire,  and  a  royal  mare. 

It  is,  I  think,  worthy  of  notice,  that  ISTewcastle,  who  was  a 
scholar,  a  travelled  man,  an  observer  and  a  gentleman,  as  well  as 
a  soldier  and  a  horseman,  distinctly  records  his  preference  of  the 
Spanish  horse  to  any  other  strain  of  blood  existing  in  his  time, 
and  in  doing  so  directly  refers  to  the  Barb,  for  service,  though 
not  in  those  terms,  as  a  racing  dedliorb.  And  it  is  observable. 
Vol.  I.— 7. 


98  THE   HORSE. 

that  the  very  authors  who  attack  liim,  borrow  his  descriptions 
of  the  various  races,  without  acknowledgment. 

"  And  the  Marquis  of  Seralvo  " — says  he,  in  his  preface — 
"  Master  of  horse  to  his  Highness,  and  Governor  of  the  castle 
of  Antwerp,  told  his  Highness,  that  he  had  asked  me,  '  what 
horses  I  liked  best  ? '  and  that  I  had  answered,  '  there  w^ere 
good  and  bad  of  all  nations ;  but  tliat  the  Barbs  were  the  gen- 
tlemen of  the  horse  kind,  and  Spanish  horses,  the  princes.' " 

In  commenting,  afterward,  on  the  various  races,  and  their 
fitness  for  the  stud,  he  thus  speaks  of  the  Spanish  horse,  and 
thus  of  the  Barb.  I  quote  these  various  passages,  for  two  rea- 
sons, which  I  shall  explain  hereafter.  "  If  he  be  well  chosen, 
I  assure  you  lie  is  the  noblest  horse  in  the  world.  First,  there 
is  no  horse  so  curiously  shaped,  all  over  from  head  to  croup. 
He  is  the  most  beautiful  that  can  be.  For  he  is  not  so  thin  and 
ladylike  as  the  Barb,  nor  so  gross  as  the  IN^eapolitan ;  but  be- 
tween both.  He  is  of  great  spirit,  and  of  great  courage,  and 
docile ;  hath  the  proudest  walk,  the  proudest  trot,  and  best  ac- 
tion in  his  trot ;  the  loftiest  gallop,  the  swiftest  careers,  and  is 
the  lovingest  and  gentlest  horse,  and  fittest  for  a  king  in  a  day 
of  triumpli  to  show  himself  to  liis  people,  or  in  the  head  of  an 
army,  of  any  liorse  in  the  world. 

"  Therefore,  there  is  no  horse  so  fit  to  breed  on,  as  a  Span- 
iard ;  either  for  the  manege,  the  war,  ambling  for  the  pad, 
hunting,  or  for  running.  Conqueror  was  of  a  Spanish  horse. 
Shotten  Herring  was  of  a  Spanish  horse.  Butler  was  of  a 
Spanish  horse,  and  Peacock  was  of  a  Spanish  mare ;  and  these 
beat  all  the  horses  in  their  time,  so  much  as  no  horse  ever  ran 
near  them. 

"  I  say  he  is  absolutely  the  best  stallion  in  the  world,  for  all 
these  things  I  have  formerly  named,  if  you  do  wisely  appro- 
priate such  mares  to  him,  as  shall  be  fit  for  uses  such  as  you 
would  have  your  breed,  and  so  he  is  fit  for  all  breeds,  except  to 
breed  cart  horses. 

"  Tlie  king  of  Spain  hath  many,  but  his  best  is  at  Cordova 
in  Andalusia,  where  he  hath  above  three  hundred  mares  and 
colts,  as  my  Lord  Cottington  told  me  ;  and  besides  those  of  his 
majesty,  there  are  other  most  excellent  races,  not  only  of  noble- 
men, but  also  of  private  gentlemen." 


THE   BAKB.  99 

Next,  in  position,  speaking  of  the  Barb,  he  discourses  in  this 
fashion. 

"  The  Barb  is  next  to  the  Spanish  horse  for  wisdom,  but  not 
near  sp  wise,  and  that  makes  him  easier  to  be  drest,  besides  he 
is  of  a  gentle  nature,  docile,  nervous  and  light. 

"  He  is  as  fine  a  horse  as  can  be,  but  somewhat  slender,  and 
a  little  ladylike  ;  and  is  so  lazy  and  negligent  in  his  walk  as  he 
will  stumble  in  a  bowling  green  ;  he  trots  like  a  cow,  and  gal- 
lops low,  and  no  action  in  any  of  those  actions.  But  commonly 
lie  is  sinewy  and  nerv^ous,  and  hath  a  clear  strength,  is  excellently 
winded  and  good  at  length,  to  endure  great  travel ;  and  very 
apt  to  learn,  and  easy  to  be  drest,  being  for  the  most  part  of  a 
good  disposition,  excellent  apprehension,  judgment,  memory ; 
and  when  he  is  searched  and  wakened,  no  horse  in  the  world 
goes  better  in  the  manege  in  all  ayres  whatsoever,  and  rarely 
upon  the  ground  in  any. 

"  The  mountain  Barbs,  they  say,  are  the  best ;  I  believe  they 
are  the  largest ;  but  for  my  part  I  rather  desire  a  middling 
horse,  or  a  less  horse,  which  are  cheap  enough  in  Barbary,  as 
I  have  been  informed,  both  by  many  gentlemen,  and  many 
merchants." 

Of  the  Fris  horse — that,  I  conceive,  which  we  now  term  the 
Flemish  or  Flanders  horse,  he  says — 

"  He  is  hardy,  and  can  live  on  any  thing,  and  will  endure 
either  heats  or  colds  ;  and  on  no  horse  whatsoever  does  a  man 
appear  more  a  swordsman,  than  on  this  horse,  being  so  quiet, 
so  bold,  and  so  assured. 

"  He  is  also  manly,  and  fit  for  any  thing  but  running  away  ; 
though  he  will  run  fast  for  a  while,  yet  I  doubt  not  long ;  be- 
cause his  wind  is  not  like  a  Barb  ;  yet  a  heavy  man  well  armed 
upon  a  Barb,  and  the  same  w^eight  upon  a  Dutch  horse,  the 
Dutch  horse's  strength  is  so  much  above  the  Barb's,  as  compared 
thus,  I  believe  the  Dutch  horse  may  run  as  fast  and  as  long  as 
the  Barb  ;  for  the  Barb's  wind  serveth  to  no  purpose,  when  his 
strength  is  not  able  to  carry  his  weight." 

On  these  passages  I  would  observe,  what  will  be  yet  more 
decidedly  apparent  when  I  come  to  quote  from  the  same  writer 
his  remarks  on  the  English  horse,  that  it  is  quite  too  absurd  to 
endeavor  to  ignore  or  set  aside  his  reasonings,  as  if  he  were 


100  THE   HOESE. 

ignorant,  or  careless  in  giving  his  judgment,  because  lie  lived 
above  two  centuries  ago  ;  when  we  lind  that,  in  every  respect, 
lie  rests  his  judgment  on  precisely  the  same  grounds  on  wliich 
the  wisest  and  best  judges  of  the  present  day,  with  all  the  lights 
of  science  and  all  the  statistics  of  two  hundred  years  to  guide 
them,  would  determine  their  choice  of  a  stallion,  to  which  they 
should  put  their  choice  blood  mares — temper,  spirit,  form  and 
'performance. 

The  last  word  I  use  in  its  largest  and  most  comprehensive 
term,  performance  in  the  stud,  as  well  as  performance  in  the 
iield.  For  it  is  not  every  performer  on  the  turf,  that  is  a  per- 
former in  the  stud. 

Many  of  the  greatest  winners  have  utterly  failed  to  beget 
winners.  Catton,  the  stoutest  and  hardest  horse  of  his  day,  in 
England,  always  got  soft  ones.  In  America,  Chateau-Margaux, 
the  most  honest  horse  and  best  four-miler,  on  the  British  turf, 
and,  therefore,  thought  pecidiarly  suited  for  American  stock- 
getting,  has  scarcely  got  a  winner.  Priam,  the  crack  of  his  day, 
winner  of  the  Derby,  and  should  have  been  winner  of  the  Leger 
also,  but  for  the  accident  of  mud  hock  deep  which  gave  the  race 
to  the  worthless  Birmingham,  has  not  only  not  improved,  but 
actually  deteriorated  the  racing  blood  of  America,  as  regards 
form  and  power  wherever  he  has  altered  it.* 

Yet  both  these  horses  were  of  unquestionable  blood,  and, 
except  that  Priam  was  too  leggy  for  my  taste — though  I  have 
heard  him  called,  and  that  by  judges  too,  the  perfection  of 
horseflesh  —  were  both  eminently  sound  and  finely  formed 
horses. 

The  old  Marquis,  however,  prefers  the  Spanish  horse,  he 
tells  us,  after  his  temper,  shape,  and  blood,  because  he  is  him- 
self a  winner  and  a  sure  getter  of  winners. 

This  is  the  true  test — the  winner,  who  gets  winners,  is  the 
horse  from  which  to  breed. 

And  this  brings  me  to  another  point.  It  will  be  admitted 
now  beyond  a  doubt,  that  any  practical  and  prudent  breeder  of 
the  day  would  prove  his  prudence  and  practice  by  choosing  an 
undeniable  English  stallion — say,  for  example  Glencoe,  himself 
a  great  winner,  and  perhaps  the  greatest  modei-n  getter  of  win- 

*  See  Note  *  on  page  107. 


ESTABLISHMENT    OF   THE    ENGLISH   TURF.  101 

ners,  before  any  unknown,  technically  speaking,  darJi^  Arab  or 
Barb  horse,  however  beautiful,  that  should  now  be  imported. 

The  same  was,  then,  the  opinion  of  a  great  breeder  and 
greater  rider  in  his  day,  founded  as  it  seems  on  experience,  for 
any  thing  except  race-horses,  if  not  for  race-horses — in  speaking 
of  breeding  especially  for  the  turf,  he  afterward  gives  the  pre- 
ference to  the  Barb. 

Now,  it  seems  to  me  more  than  possible,  more  even  than 
probable,  that  there  was  in  those  days,  in  Spain,  a  breed  of  the 
best  Spanish  horses,  which  might  trace  directly,  or  as  nearly 
directly  as  the  best  English  horses  now  do,  to  oriental  dam  and 
oriental  sire  ;  and  that,  consequently,  there  may  have  been  as 
just  a  reason  for  preference  of  the  then  Spanish  to  the  then 
Eastern  stallion,  as  there  is  for  that  of  the  present  English 
thoroughbred  to  the  present  untried  courser  of  the  Desert ;  and 
that,  therefore,  there  may  be  in  the  present  pure  blood-horse  of 
Great  Britain  and  America,  yet  another  unsuspected  cross  of 
pure  Desert  blood,  from  an  unsuspected  source. 

In  the  reign  of  Avliich  the  Marquis  of  Newcastle  writes,  that 
of  Charles  IL,  the  English  Turf  was  for  the  first  time  fairly 
established.  That  king  sent  his  master  of  the  horse  to  the  Le- 
vant especially  to  import  both  mares  and  stallions,  and  it  is 
through  these  females,  known  as  the  royal  mares,  that  our  pre- 
sent race-horse  draws  his  claim  to  pure  blood,  since  it  is  evident 
that,  but  for  these,  there  must  have  been  in  all,  as  there  is 
undeniably  in  some,  of  the  best  English  thoroughbreds,  an 
infinitesimal  taint  of  common,  or  at  least  of  improved  blood. 
For,  though  one  were  to  cross  the  pure  blood  of  the  Desert  ten 
thousand  times  on  the  produce  of  a  common-bred  dam,  one 
fraction  of  a  drop  of  the  impure  blood  must  remain  there  ad 
iiijlnituin. 

Perhaps  it  may  appear  paradoxical  in  me  to  say  so,  but  I 
must  say,  that  I  believe  the  undoubted  superiority  of  the 
thoroughbred  English  and  American  blood-horse  to  come  from 
the  very  existence  of  this  mixture  of  various  crosses  Avitli  the 
oriental  blood. 

A  remarkable  calculation  has  been  entered  into  by  a  very 
clever  and  observant  modern  writer  on  the  horse,  "  Cecil,"  to 
whom  I  gladly  record  my  obligation,  to  prove  how  extremely 


102  THE   HORSE. 

small  a  quantum  of  any  given  blood  remains,  after  a  given 
number  of  crosses,  in  the  veins  of  any  animal ;  yet  Low  vastly 
that  minimum  quantity  affects  the  quality  of  the  descendant. 

"  The  pedigrees  of  many  horses  of  celebrity,"  he  says,  ■"  may 
be  traced  back  to  Childers,  the  Darley  Arabian,  and  other 
worthies  of  that  date  ;  but  where  there  is  only  one  direct  line 
of  descent,  the  following  calculation  will  show  how  little  of  the 
blood  flows  in  the  veins  of  the  present  generation.  It  may  be 
considered  that  these  horses  flourished  about  a  century  ago,  and 
taking  ten  years  as  a  generation,  a  lineal  descendant  of  a  horse 
of  that  period  only  possesses  ^  oVt  portion  of  the  blood. 

The  1st  cross  had  i  The  6th  cross  had  ■^\ 

2nd        "        1  Tth          "       tIt 

3rd         "        i  8th          «       ^i« 

4th        "       tV  9th          "       xK 


5th         "       ^V  10th 


u 


Farther  crosses  diminish  it  in  a  still  more  striking  degree. 

I  now  come  to  the  Marquis  of  Newcastle's  last  piece  of  ad- 
vice to  breeders  ;  and  after  briefly  showing,  by  the  example  of 
a  few  illustrious  horses  to  which,  more  or  less  directly,  our  best 
American  blood  traces,  how  implicitly  his  advice  has  been  fol- 
lowed, I  shall  conclude  my  history  of  the  English  horse,  with 
the  pedigree  of  the  far-famed  Eclipse  ;  and  those  of  three  or 
four  others,  notable  as  the  sources  of  the  best  American  blood. 

"  If  you  would  have  mares  to  breed  running  horses  of,  then 
they  must  be  shaj)ed  thus  ;  as  light  as  possible,  large  and  long, 
but  well  shaped,  a  short  back  but  long  sides,  and  a  little  long- 
legged  ;  their  breast  as  narrow  as  may  be,  for  so  they  will  gallop 
the  lighter  and  nimbler,  and  run  the  faster,  for  the  lighter  and 
thinner  your  breed  for  galloping  the  better.  Your  stallion  by 
any  means  must  be  a  Barb,  and  somewhat  of  the  shape  that  I 
have  described  the  mares  to  be  of.  For  a  Barb,  that  is  a  jade, 
will  get  a  better  running  horse  than  the  best  running  horse  in 
England ;  as  Sir  John  Fenwick  told  me,  who  had  more  expe- 
rience in  running  horses,  then  any  man  in  all  England.  For 
he  had  more  rare  running  horses  than  all  England  beside,  and 
the  most  part  of  all  the  famous  running  horses  in  England  that 
ran,  one  against  another,  were  of  his  race  and  breed. 


ORIENTAL   HORSES.  103 

"  Some  commend  the  Turks  very  mucli  for  a  stallion  to  breed 
running  liorses,  but  they  are  so  scarce  and  rare,  that  I  can  give 
no  judgment  of  them ;  and  therefore  I  advise  you  to  the  Barb, 
which  I  believe  is  much  the  better  horse  to  breed  running 
horses." 

On  this  passage  I  have  only  to  remark,  that  the  observations 
on  the  shape  of  the  brood  mares  are  to  be  taken  as  comparative, 
not  positive,  and  that  the  comparison  is  instituted  not  as  of 
thoroughbred  with  thoroughbred,  but  as  of  thoroughbred  with 
the  coarse  common  heavy  mare  of  the  day,  and  it  would  seem 
to  follow,  that  the  preference  of  the  Marquis  for  the  Barb  is 
fully  borne  out  by  the  pedigree  of  Eclipse,  in  which  it  will  be 
seen  there  is  but  one  genuine  Arabian,  all  the  other  oriental 
strains  being  either  Barb  or  Turk,  of  one  of  which  stocks,  it 
is  well  ascertained  that  all  the  royal  mares  of  Charles  II.  are 
derived.* 

*  The  following  list  comprises  some  of  the  earliest  recorded  importations  of 
Oriental  stallions  into  England,  with  notices  of  their  stock  as  far  as  known. 
Markham's  Arabian,  Temp.  James  I, 

Failed  as  a  racer.     His  stock,  if  any,  unknown. 
Plaice's  White  Turk,  ^ 

The  Morocco  Barb,     V  Temp.  Commonwealth. 
The  Helmsley  Turk,    ) 
To  one  or  other  of  these  many  of  the  best  horses  in  England  and  America 
directly  trace.     To  the  last.  Eclipse  and  Highflyer,  in  the  female  line. 
The  Damascus  Arabian.  ^ 

Three  Turks,  from  Hamburgh,  1684,  V  Temp.  Charles  II. 
The  royal,  Barb  or  Turkish,  mares.      ) 
To  the  latter^  with  scarcely  an  exception,  every  celebrated  horse  in  England  or 
America,  in  some  sort  traces  a  portion  of  his  blood. 

Evelyn,  in  his  Memoirs,  vol.  I.,  p.  577,  thus  describes  the  Turkish  horses  from 
Hamburgh : — 

"  Early  this  morning  I  went  into  St.  James's  Park  to  see  these  Turkish  or  Asian 
horses,  newly  brought  over,  and  now  first  showed  to  his  majesty.  There  were  four, 
but  one  died  at  sea,  being  three  weeks  coming  from  Hamborowe.  They  were  taken 
from  a  Bashaw,  at  the  siege  of  Vienna,  at  the  late  famous  raising  that  leaguer.  I 
never  beheld  so  delicate  a  creature  as  one  of  them,  of  somewhat  a  bright  bay,  two 
white  feet,  a  blaze ;  such  a  head,  eyes,  ears,  neck,  breast,  belly,  haunches,  legs,  pas- 
terns, and  feet,  in  all  regards  beautiful  and  proportioned  to  admiration ;  spirited, 
proud,  nimble,  making  halt,  turning  with  that  swiftness,  and  in  so  small  a  compass 
as  was  admirable.  *  *  *  They  trotted  like  does,  as  if  they  did  not  feel  the 
ground ;  500  guineas  was  demanded  for  the  first ;  300  for  the  second,  and  200  for 
the  third,  which  was  brown.  All  of  them  were  choicely  shaped,  but  the  two  last 
not  altogether  so  perfect  as  the  first." 


104  THE   HORSE. 

With  regard  to  the  blood  of  our  thoroughbreds  of  to-day, 
"  Cecil "  speaks,  in  conclusion,  thus,  and  with  no  passage  can  I 


V  Temp.  James  II. 


It  is  not,  I  believe,  known  what  became  of  these  horses,  or  what  stoclc  they 
produced. 

The  Byerly  Turk, 
Lister's  or  the  Straddling  Turk, 
Both  these  horses  produced  good  stock.     The  latter  "Brisk,"  "Snake,"  and 
other  celebrated  stallions. 

The  Darley  Arabian,    ^ 
Curwen's  Barb,  v  Temp.  Queen  Anne. 

Lord  Carlisle's  Turk,    \ 
The  former,  sire  of  Flying  Childers,  and  the  most  famous  progenitor,  on  the 
whole,  ever  imported — the  latter  sire  of  the  Bald  Galloway,  and  other  famous 

horses. 

The  Godolphin  Arabian,  Temp.  George  II. 

sire  of  Blank,  Regulus,  &c.,  &c.,  and  the  last  Oriental  horse,  from  which  the  British 
turf  has  derived  permanent  or  positive  advantage.  The  Winter  Arabian  did  little 
or  nothing  for  the  improvement  of  our  blood,  and  the  Wellesley  Arabian — which  is 
said,  however,  to  have  been  neither  perfect  Arabian  nor  perfect  Barb — got  but  one 
offspring,  fair  Ellen,  of  even  ordinary  pretensions  on  the  turf.  Sampson  and  Bay 
Malton,  though  the  best  horses  of  their  day,  had  both  a  strain  of  base  blood. 

I  have  yet  to  learn  that  any  of  the  Eastern  horses  sent  to  this  country — three  to 
Gen.  Jackson,  in  1833  or  1834,  by  the  Dey  of  Algiers,  several  by  the  Sultan  of  Mus- 
cat in  1839,  one  imported,  I  beheve  from  Tripoh,  by  the  late  Commodore  ElUott, 
and  others — have  done  any  thing  to  maintain  their  repute  as  stock-getters. 

I  myself  owned  a  large  chestnut  stallion,  above  16  hands  in  height,  by  one  of  the 
former,  Zilcaadi,  out  of  a  Sweetbriar  mare,  which  had  a  fair  turn  of  speed,  though 
not  such  as  to  justify  training  him.  He  had  power,  and  was  a  fine  fencer,  so  that  I 
had  designed  training  him  for  the  Montreal  hurdle  races  in  1838,  when  he  w^as  in- 
curably lamed  by  the  carelessness  of  a  groom.  He  was  sold  and  sent  to  the  Havana, 
as  a  stallion,  but  what  became  of  him,  or  what  he  did,  I  know  not.  This  is  the  only 
Eastern  bred  horse  I  have  ever  known  in  the  United  States. 

The  following  list  shows  the  number  of  all  the  foreign  and  all  the  most  celebrated 
native  stallions,  descended,  more  or  less  remotely,  from  Arabian  or  African  strains, 
which  were  covering  in  England  in  1*730,  from  which  date  the  use  of  Oriental  stock 
began  to  decline,  as  it  has  continued  to  do  gradually  until  the  present  day,  when  it 
seems  to  be  the  fact  that  the  Enghsh  thorough  blood  is  no  longer  susceptible  of  im- 
provement by  a  farther  infusion  of  Oriental  blood. 

rOEEIGN  STALLIONS,  IN  1730. 

The  Alcock  Arabian,  The  Godolphin  Arabian, 

The  Bloody  Buttocks  Arabian,  Hall's  Arabian, 

The  Bloody  Shouldered  Arabian,  Johnson's  Turk, 

The  Belgrade  Turk,  Litton's  Arabian, 

The  Bethel  Arabian,  Matthew's  Persian, 

Lord  Buriington's  Barb,  Nottingham's  Arabian, 

Croft's  Egyptian  horse,  Newton's  Arabian, 

The  Cypress  Arabian,  Pigott's  Turk, 


BUSTLER. 


105 


more  fittingly  close  my  liistory  of  the  blood  of  the  present  Eng- 
lish race-horse,  except  it  be  by  the  pedigree  of  its  noblest  son. 

"  The  Royal  mares  ! "  says  he,  "  from  one  of  which  in  the 
maternal  line  the  genealogy  of  Eclipse  is  traced.  The  pedigree 
of  his  sire,  Marske,  is  somewhat  obscure  ;  it  goes  back  through 
eight  generations  to  a  daughter  of  Bustler,  but  how  her  dam 
was  bred  there  is  no  authority  to  decide.  It  may  be  conjec- 
tured that  she  was  descended  from  some  of  the  worthies  which 
distinguished  themselves  on  the  course  in  the  reign  of  James  I. 
There  are  several  examples  of  a  similar  nature  traceable  in  the 
stud-book,  which  lead  to  the  conclusion  that  during  the  early 
periods  of  breeding  for  the  turf,'  mares  used  for  ordinary  pur- 
poses were  occasionally  selected  in  case  they  evinced  s]3eed  and 
stoutness,  without  reference  to  their  oriental  pedigrees. 

'•■  The  pedigree  of  Highflyer  affords  a  similar  instance  to 
that  of  Eclipse,  and  singular  to  relate,  runs  precisely  into  the 
same  strain  of  blood.  On  his  dam's  side  he  can  be  traced  to  a 
royal  mare,  but  in  the  paternal  line  his  genealogy  terminates  in 
a  mare,  which  produced  a  filly  from  Bustler,  which  horse  was  a 
son  of  the  Helmsley  Turk.* 

"  Although  there  are  scarcely  any  horses  on  the  turf  at  the 


The  Duke  of  Devonshire's  Arabian,       Strickland's  Arabian, 

Greyhound,  a  Barb,                                  Wynn's 

Arabian. 

Hampton  Court 

grey  Barb,                     Dodsworth,  a  Barb. 

NATIVE  STALLIONS,  IN  1730 

Aleppo, 

Doctor, 

Jigg- 

Almanzor, 

Dunkirk, 

Lamprey, 

Astridge  Ball, 

Easby  Snake, 

Leedes, 

Bald  Galloway, 

Fox, 

Marricle, 

Bartlett's  Childers, 

Foxcub, 

Oysterfoot, 

Basto, 

Graeme's  Champion, 

Partner, 

Bay  Bolton, 

Grey  Childers, 

Royal, 

Blacklegs, 

Grey  Crofts, 

Shuffler, 

Bolton  Starling, 

Hampton  Court  Childers, 

Skipjack, 

Bolton  Sweepstakes, 

Harlequin, 

Smales's  Childers, 

Cartouch, 

Hartley's  Blind  Horse, 

Soreheels, 

Chaunter, 

Hip, 

Squirrel, 

Childers, 

Hobgobhn, 

Tifter, 

Cinnamon, 

Hutton's  Blacklegs, 

Trueblue, 

Coneyskins, 

Hutton's  Hunter, 

"Woodcock, 

Councillor, 

Jewtrump, 

Wyndham. 

Crab, 

*  See  Note  j  on  page  ]07. 


106  THE   HORSE. 

present  day  wliicli  are  not  in  some  degree  descended  from  the 
royal  mares,  it  appears  too  much  to  assert  that  they  all  owe 
their  orighi  entirely  to  Eastern  blood. 

"  The  casuist  may,  therefore,  with  consistency  inquire.  What 
is  a  thoroughbred  horse  ?  The  term  is  accepted  conventionally 
to  signify  a  horse  whose  pedigree  can  be  traced  through  many 
generations,  the  members  of  wliich  have  signalized  themselves 
on  the  turf,  or  have  established  their  reputation  as  progenitors 
of  superior  horses." 

This  is  undoubtedly  the  true  and  practical  reply,  and  such 
the  pedigree  of  Eclipse  will  prove  it  in  plain  truth  to  be.* 

"  The  pedigree  of  Eclipse  will  likewise  afford  us  another 
curious  illustration  of  the  uncertainty  which  attends  thorough- 
bred horses.  Marske  was  sold  at  the  sale  of  the  Duke  of  Cum- 
berland's stud  for  a  mere  trifle,  and  was  suffered  to  run  almost 
wild  in  the  New  Eorest.  He  was  afterwards  purchased  by  the 
Earl  of  Abingdon,  for  one  thousand  guineas,  and  before  his 
death,  covered  for  one  hundred  guineas.  Squirt,  when  the 
property  of  Sir  Harry  Harpur,  was  ordered  to  be  shot,  and. 
while  he  was  actually  leading  to  the  dog  kennel,  he  was  spared 
at  the  intercession  of  one  of  Sir  Harry's  grooms  ;  and  neither 
Bartlett's  Childers,  nor  Snake,  was  ever  trained.     On  the  side 

*  In  1132  was  foaled  Squirt,  who  as  the  sire  of  Mr.  Pratt's  old  mare,  Marske  and 
Syphon — the  former  sire  of  Eclipse,  Shark,  and  an  almost  infinite  number  of  racers — 
certainly  merits  a  peculiar  commemoration. 

Squirt  was  bred  by  a  Mr.  Metcalfe,  near  Beverly  in  the  county  of  New  York, 
and  was  by  Bartlett's,  own  brother  to  Flying  Childers.  His  dam,  known  by  the 
name  of  "  Metcalfe's  Old  Mare,"  was  bred  by  Mr.  Robinson  of  Easby,  near  Rich- 
mond. She  was  by  Snake,  and  descended  from  the  cross  of  the  D'Arcy  Turk  with 
the  royal  or  Barbary  mares.  Squirt  was  a  fair  good  racer,  but,  falling  into  the 
hands  of  Sir  Harry  Harpur,  he  was  held  in  so  little  repute,  that  once,  when  by  no 
means  an  old  horse,  he  was  sent  to  the  kennel  to  be  shot.  He  was  reprieved  at  the 
earnest  solicitation  of  Sir  Harry's  groom,  and  subsequently  became  sire  of  Marske, 
Syphon,  and  Pratt's  old  mare.  What  a  void  in  the  annals  of  the  turf  would  that 
bullet  have  produced !  Eclipse  and  all  his  descendants.  Shark,  and  the  numerous 
tribe  of  other  horses  that  sprang  from  Marske — Tandem,  Sweetbriar  and  Sweet- 
william,  sons  of  Syphon  ;  Rockingham,  Walnut,  Gohanna,  &c.,  descended  from  the 
old  mare,  would  have  had  no  existence. 

From  this  date  the  breed  of  the  English  race-horse  may  be  held  to  have  been 
fully  established,  and  thenceforth  has  transmitted  its  progeny  to  be  victorious  in 
every  country,  over  every  native  horse,  to  which  it  has  been  imported,  or  against 
which  it  has  been  pitted. 


PEDIGREE   OF   ECLIPSE.  107 

of  the  dam,  Spiletta  never  started  but  once  and  was  beaten,  and 
the  Godolphin  was  purchased  from  a  water-cart  in  Paris." — 
Smith  on  Breeding. 

The  pedigree  of  Eclipse,  wliich  follows,  is  worthy  of  remark, 
as  showing  a  singular  example  of  in-breeding. 

The  great-grandsire  of  Eclipse  in  the  male  line  is  Bartlett's 
Childers,  who  traces  from  his  dam,  in  the  male  line,  to  Spanker, 
and  in  the  female  to  Spanker  and  his  own  dam  !  Doubly  in- 
cestuous ! 

The  grandmother,  in  the  male  line,  of  his  sire,  Marske, 
traces  on  both  sides  to  Hautboy  ;  and  in  the  female,  once  to  the 
same  horse. 

And  there  are,  in  his  ancestry  in  the  female  line,  three  more 
crosses  of  the  same  animal. 

The  other  English  pedigrees,  which  are  either  taken  entire 
from  the  best  English  authorities,  or  made  up  originally  with 
great  care  from  the  stud  books,  are  those  of  the  horses  to  which 
the  best  American  blood  directly  traces,  in  the  families,  which 
will  be  hereafter  indicated. 


EDITORIAL  NOTES. 

*  (P.  100.)  Priam's  failure  as  a  getter  of  race-horses  can  be  justly  attributed  to 
the  fact  that  he  was  permitted  to  cover  one  hundred  and  fifty  mares  the  first  season 
he  stood  in  America.  Many  of  the  mares  descended  from  him  have  been  very 
successful  and  valuable  in  the  stud.  In  England,  Priam  sired  some  noted  mares ; 
Miss  Letty,  winner  of  the  Oaks  in  1837,  and  dam  of  "Weatherbit ;  Industry,  winner 
of  the  Oaks  in  18.38  ;  and  Crucifix,  the  best  mare  of  her  day,  winner  of  aU  her  two- 
year  engagements,  and  won  the  2,000  gs.,  1,000  gs.,  and  Oaks  in  1840.  She  was  the 
dam  of  Coral  and  Surplice,  the  latter  the  winner  of  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger  in  1848. 

■f-  (P.  105.)  No  pedigrees  in  the  Euglish  Stud-Book  are  more  certainly  authen- 
ticated than  Marske  and  Highfiyer. 


HISTORY 

OF    THE    AMERICAN    HORSE. 

At  a  vorv  roinoto  period  in  the  liistory  of  America,  this  most 
valuable  of  all  the  aiiiinals  subject  to  man,  began  to  be  imported 
from  Europe  bv  the  earliest  settlers,  it  being  conceded  that,  al- 
though the  horse  had  at  some  former  time  existed  on  this  con- 
tinent, as  is  proved  by  his  fossil  remains,  he  had  become  extinct 
previous  to  its  colonization  by  the  ■white  nations. 

It  is  generally  believed  that  the  horses,  which  are  found  in 
a  feral  state  over  the  pampas  of  South  and  the  prairies  of  Is  ortli 
America,  so  tar  east  as  to  the  Mississippi,  are  the  progeny  of 
the  parents  released  by  the  Spaniards  at  the  abandonment  of 
Buenos  Ayres  ;  but  it  seems  to  me  that  this  date  is  too  recent 
to  be  compatible  with  the  vast  numerical  increase,  and  the 
great  hordes  of  these  animals  now  existing  in  a  state  of  nature  ; 
and  I  should  be  inclined  to  ascribe  their  origin  to  animals  es- 
caped, or  voluntarily  liberated,  in  the  earlier  expeditions  and 
wars  of  the  Spanish  invaders,  the  cavalry  of  that  nation  con- 
sisting entirely  of  perfect  horses,  or  mares. 

It  must  have  been  the  case,  in  the  bloody  wars  of  Mexico 
and  Peru,  where  the  battles  more  than  once  went  disastrously 
for  the  Spaniards,  that  Mar-horses,  their  riders  being  slain,  would 
recover  their  freedom,  and  propagate  their  species  rapidly,  in  the 
wide,  luxuriant  and  well-watered  plains,  where  the  abundance 
of  food,  tlie  genial  climate,  and  the  absence  of  beasts  of  prey 
capable  of  coping  with  so  powerful  an  animal  as  the  horse, 
would  favor  their  rapid  increase. 

We  know  that  De  Soto  had  a  heavv  force  of  cavalrv  in  that 


FIRST   IMPOETATI02f3.  109 

expedition,  in  wliich  he  discovered  the  Mississippi  and  found  a 
grave  in  its  waters ;  and,  when  the  warriors  of  his  i)SiTty  re- 
turned liorne  by  water  in  barques,  wliich  they  built  on  the 
banks  of  the  great  river,  it  is  nearly  certain  that  they  must  have 
abandoned  their  chargers  ;  as  it  is  little  probable  that  the  frail 
vessels,  built  by  inexperienced  hands  merely  for  the  purpose  of 
escaping  with  life,  should  have  been  capable  of  containing  the 
horses  of  the  fugitives. 

The  first  horses  imported  to  America  for  the  purpose  of  cre- 
ating a  stock,  were  brought  by  Columbus  in  1493,  in  his  second 
voyage  to  the  islands.  Tiie  first  landed  in  the  United  States 
were  introduced  into  Florida  in  1.527,  by  Cabeca  de  Vaca,  forty- 
two  in  number,  but  these  all  perished  or  were  killed.  Tlxe  next 
importation  was  that  of  De  Soto,  alluded  to  above,  of  which 
many  doubtless  survived,  and  to  which  I  attnbute  the  origin  of 
the  wild  horses  of  Texas  and  the  prairies,  strongly  marked  to 
this  day  by  the  characteristics  of  Spanish  blood. 

In  1604,  M.  L'Escarbot,  a  French  lawyer,  brought  horses 
with  other  domestic  animals,  into  Acadia,  and,  in  160S,  the 
French,  extending  their  colonization  into  Canada,  introduced 
horses  into  that  country,  where  the  present  race,  though  it  has 
somewhat  degenerated  in  size,  owing  probably  to  the  inclemency 
of  the  climate,  still  shows  the  blood,  sufficiently  distinct,  of  the 
Korman  and  Breton  breeds. 

In  1609,  the  English  ships,  landing  at  .lamestown,  brought, 
beside  swine,  sheep  and  cattle,  six  mares  and  a  horse,  and  in  1657 
the  importance  of  increasing  the  stock  of  this  valuable  animal 
was  so  largely  recognized,  that  an  act  was  passed  prohibiting  its 
exportation  from  the  province. 

In  1629,  horses  and  mares  were  brought  into  the  plantations 
of  Massachusetts  Bay  by  Francis  Iligginson,  formerly  of  Leices- 
tershire, from  which  county  many  of  the  animals  were  imported. 
Is'ew  York  received  its  first  horses  in  1625,  imported  from  Hol- 
land by  the  Dutch  "^rTest  India  Company,  probably  of  the 
Flanders  breed,  of  which,  however,  few  traces  seem  to  exist, 
unless  it  be  in  the  Conestoga  horse  of  Pennsvlvania,  which,  1 
think,  shows  some  affinity  to  that  breed,  either  directly  or 
through  the  English  dray-horse,  which  is  understood  to  be 
originally  of  Flemish  origin. 


110  THE   HORSE. 

In  1Y50,  the  Frencli  of  Illinois  possessed  considerable  num- 
bers of  French  horses,  and,  since  that  time,  as  the  science  of 
agriculture  has  improved  and  advanced,  pure  animals  of  many 
distinct  breeds  have  been  constantly  imported  into  this  country, 
■svhich  have  created  in  different  sections  and  districts  distinct 
families  easily  recognized  ;  as  the  horses  of  Massachusetts  and 
Vermont,  admirable  for  their  qualities  as  draft  horses,  both 
powerful  and  active,  and  capable  of  quick  as  well  as  heavy 
work — the  Conestogas,  excellent  for  j^onderous  slow  efforts  in 
teaming  and  the  like — and  the  active  wiry  horses  of  the  West, 
well  adapted  for  riding,  and  affording  mounts  to  most  of  the 
American  cavalry.*  Although,  however,  these  horses  are  i-eadily 
known — apart,  and  recognized  by  the  eye  of  a  judge,  it  is  not 
always  easy  or  possible  to  assign  the  origin  of  each  breed,  or  to 
trace  out  the  foreign  family  from  which  it  is  derived  ;  as,  until 
recently,  a  lamentable  carelessness  has  existed  as  to  preserving 
the  pedigrees  of  animals,  which  has  produced  irretrievable  con 
fusion — while  now,  since  the  value  of  blood  and  hereditary 
qualities  is  every  where  admitted,  a  much  worse  evil  is  begin- 
ning to  show  itself,  in  the  manufacture  of  spurious  pedigrees, 
which  is  becoming  unfortunately  too  common,  and,  owing  to 
the  want  of  proj)erly  kept  and  authenticated  stud-books,  is 
nearly  impossible  of  detection.  It  would  appear  that  there  is 
a  growing  necessity  for  the  enactment  of  some  highly  penal 
statutes,  in  all  the  several  States,  for  the  repression  of  this 
offence,  which  is  not  only  a  most  infamous  species  of  swindling, 
but,  in  fact,  an  absolute  act  of  forgery. 

The  unlucky  absence  of  properly  kept  stud-books  has  also 
rendered  it  impossible  to  prove  the  blood  directly  of  many  of 
our  most  celebrated  race-horses  and  stallions,  the  dams  of  which 
have  not  been  duly  recorded.  It  cannot  be  said,  however,  that 
their  lineage  is  doubtful,  though  it  may  be  nnknown ;  as  their 
own  qualities  of  speed,  stoutness,  and  their  ability  to  stay  a 
distance,  go  far  to  show  their  claims  to  pure  blood,  while  their 
power  of  transmitting  it  to  their  progeny  proves  it  beyond  a 
peradventure.  For,  although  some  horses,  not  perfectly 
thoroughbred,  have  run  well  themselves,  both  for  speed  and 
endurance,  none  such  have  been  the  sires  and  grandsires  of  dis- 
tinguished winners.  The  power,  therefore  of  transmitting  high 
*  See  Note  *  on  page  121. 


VAKIOUS    RACES.  Ill 

qualities  by  hereditary  descent,  may  be  held  to  prove  the  pos- 
session of  pure  blood  in  the  sire.  The  pedigree  of  American 
Eclipse  cannot  be  absolutely  proved—that  is  to  say,  there  is  a 
doubt  in  his  j^edigree,  but  no  proof  of  a  stain  in  liis  blood — yet 
no  one  in  his  senses,  looking  to  his  own  performances  and  the 
performances  of  his  get,  can  doubt  his  being  as  thoroughbred  as 
his  English  namesake,  to  whom  he  is  supposed  to  have  been 
connected  on  the  mother's  side.* 

It  is  evident  then,  in  the  first  place,  that  the  original  stock 
of  the  unimj^roved  American  horse  is  the  result  of  a  mixture 
of  breeds,  the  Erench,  the  Spanish,  the  Flemish,  and  the  Eng- 
lish horses  having  all  sent  their  representatives  to  some  portion 
or  other  of  the  United  States  and  British  Provinces,  and  proba- 
bly still  prevailing  to  a  considerable  degree  in  some  locations, 
though  nowhere  wholly  unmixed,  while,  in  others,  they  have 
been  so  thoroughly  mixed  and  amalgamated,  that  their  identity 
is  no  longer  discoverable. 

In  jS^ew  York,  it  appears  that  the  early  importations  of 
thorough  blood,  and  the  constant  support  of  horse-racing,  have 
so  changed  the  original  Dutch  or  Flemish  stock,  that  the  char- 
acteristic of  her  horses  is  that  of  the  English  race,  with  a  strong 
cross  of  good  blood.  In  Massachusetts,  Vermont,  and  the 
Eastern  States  generally,  the  Cleveland  Bay,  and  a  cross  be- 
tween that  and  the  English  dray-horse  blood,  with  some  small 
admixture  of  a  thorough  strain,  predominates.  In  Pennsyl- 
vania, the  most  distinct  breed  appears  to  be  of  Flemish  and 
English  dray-horse  origin.  In  Maryland,  Yirginia,  and  South 
Carolina,  English  thorough  blood  prevails  to  a  great  extent ;  so 
much  so  as  to  render  the  inferior  classes  of  working  horses 
weedy  and  undersized.  In  Louisiana,  and  many  of  the  Western 
States,  French  and  Spanish  blood  is  prevalent  in  part,  though 
with  a  mixture  of  an  English  strain.  But,  generally,  it  may  be 
assumed  that,  with  the  exception  of  the  thoroughbreds,  there  is 
scarcely  any  breed  in  any  part  of  America  entirely  pure  and 
unmixed,  and  that  there  are  very  few  animals  any  where  which 
have  not  some  mixture,  greater  or  less,  of  the  hot  blood  of  the 
desert,  transmitted  through  the  English  race-horse. 

In  fact,  with  the  exception  of  the  Conestoga  horse,  there  is 
in  the  United  States  no  purely  bred  draft  or  cart-horse,  nor  any 

*  See  Xote  f  on  page  121. 


112  THE   HOKSE. 

breed  wliicli  is  kept  entirely  for  field  or  road  labor,  without  a 
view  to  being  nsed  at  times  for  quicker  work,  and  for  purposes 
of  pleasure  or  travel.  The  same  horse  which  ploughs  or  har- 
rows to-day,  is  harnessed  to-morrow  to  the  sulky  or  the  Jersey 
wagon,  or  the  old-fashioned  New  England  chaise,  or  is  used 
under  saddle,  and  expected  to  make  tolerable  time  by  the 
owner.  Kor,  although  Cleveland  Bays,  and  Suffolk  punches  of 
the  improved  breed  have  been  imported  into  Massachusetts, 
and  left  their  mark  on  the  horses  of  the  Eastern  States,  are  any 
Iiorses  bred  there  without  the  ambition  to  produce  something 
beyond  a  mere  cart-horse,  aspiring  to  draw  a  heavy  load  at  a 
foot's-pace ;  the  use  of  oxen,  which  is  almost  entirely  aban- 
doned in  England,  supplying  the  place  in  the  United  States  of 
mere  w^eight-haulers ;  so  that  every  horse,  for  the  most  part, 
bred  in  America  is,  or  is  intended  to  be,  in  some  sense,  a  road- 
ster ;  and  it  is  but  fair  to  say  that  for  docility,  temper,  soundness 
of  constitution,  endurance  of  fatigue,  hardiness,  surefootedness, 
and  speed,  the  American  roadster  is  not  to  be  excelled,  if 
equalled,  by  any  horse  in  the  known  world  not  purely  thorough- 
bred. 

Of  roadsters,  two  or  three  families  have  obtained,  in  different 
localities,  decided  and  probably  merited  reputations  for  different 
peculiar  qualities  ;  such  as  the  ISTarragansett  Pacers,  the  families 
known  as  the  Morgan  and  Black  Hawk,  the  Canadians,  and 
generally  what  may  be  called  trotters. 

1^0  one  of  these,  however,  it  may  be  asserted,  with  the 
single  exception  of  the  IN^arragansetts,  appears  to  have  any  real 
claim  to  be  held  a  distinctive  family,  or  to  be  regarded  as  capa- 
ble of  transmitting  its  qualities  in  line  of  hereditary  descent, 
by  breeding  within  itself,  without  farther  crosses  with  higher 
and  hotter  blood. 

Of  the  Narragansetts  it  is  extremely  difficult  to  speak  ;  for 
there  is  reason  to  believe  that  as  a  distinct  variety,  with  natural 
powers  of  pacing,  they  are  extinct ;  and  their  origin  is,  in  some 
sort,  mythical  and  uncertain. 

The  other  families,  it  is  clear,  owe  their  merits  to  a  remote 
strain  of  thoroughblood,  perhaps  amounting  to  one-fourth,  or 
one-third  part,  some  three  or  four  generations  back. 

Now,  by  all  rules  of  breeding,  based  on  experience  and 


IN-BREEDING .  2  ]^  3 

reduced  to  certainty,  such  families  cannot  continue  witliout 
degeneration,  unless  they  are  farther  crossed  with  i^ure  blood. 
If  mares  of  any  family,  unmixed,  be  stinted  to  unmixed  stallions 
of  the  same  family,  generation  after  generation,  the  result  is  as 
certain  as  it  is  that  the  earth  revolves  on  its  axis.  The  good 
blood  will  die  out,  and  the  progeny,  sooner  or  later,  bec^'ome 
degenerate,  weak,  and  worthless. 

Again,  to  breed  stallions  of  such  a  family  to  mares  of  better 
blood   must,  necessarily,  fail;    for  though  it  has   often   been 
attempted  to  produce  improved  bone  and  power,  by  puttino- 
blood  mares  to  bony  underbred  stallions,  it  has  never  succeeded'' 
and  It  is  now  universally  known  and  conceded  that,  in  order  to 
improve  the  races,  the  sire  must  be  the  superior  animal.*  Indeed 
It  IS  argued,  with  much  probability,  that  a  mare  once  crossed 
with  a  sire  of  different  blood,  not  only  produces,  but  Iccornes 
herself,  a  cross  ;  and  is  incapable  of  ever  again  producino-  her 
own  stram.     Thus  a  thorough  mare,  once  stinted  to  a  ^cold- 
blooded horse,  could  never  again  bear  the  pure  colt,  even  to  a 
pure  sire;  while  a  cold-blooded  mare,  having  once  foaled  to  a 
thorough  horse,  would  always  be  improved  as  a  breeder  by  the 
change  produced  in  her  own  constitution.     This  is  a  mysterious 
and  difficult  subject,  and  it  is  probable  that  the  question  is  not 
fully  sounded;  I  am  satisfied,  however,  that  there  is  much  in  it, 
and  I  shall  enter  more  largely  into  the  matter  when  I  come  to 
treat  especially  of  breeding;  as  I  shall  into  the  qualities  alle-ed 
to  belong  to  these  families,  when  I  come  to  deal  with  them  dis- 
tinctively as  such. 

At  present,  I  only  wish  to  record  it  as  my  opinion,  that  the 
supposed  superiority  of  any  of  these  breeds  is  only  attributable 
to  their  possessing  a  larger  share  than  ordinary  horses  of  pure 
blood,  and  that  this  superiority  cannot  last  without  farther 
admixture. 

Therefore,  while  I  should  expect  no  possible  advantage  from 
breeding  a  Morgan,  or  Messenger,  one-third  part  bred  mare,  to 
a  similarly  bred  stallion,  I  should  look  forward  confidently  to  a 
vastly  superior  progeny  by  putting  her  to  a  powerful  sire  of 
pure  blood. 

Again  by  putting  an  entirely  cold-blooded  mare,  say  of 
Norman,  Cleveland   Bay,  or  Flemish  blood,  to  a  Morgan  or 

TT        ^  *  See  Note  t  on  pa<?e  121. 

\^0L.  I.— 8 


114  THE   HOKSE. 

Messenger,  third-part  horse,  I  should  expect  to  get  an  anima. 
improved  above  the  dam,  but  not  so  much  improved  as  I 
should,  had  she  been  put  to  a  properly  selected  animal  of  undis- 
puted blood. 

In  a  word,  unless  I  were  intending  to  breed  dray-horses, 
cart-horses,  or  punches,  I  would  never  put  a  mare  to  a  half-bred 
sire  at  all ;  and  even  of  these,  excepting  the  dray-horse— which 
in  reality  is  an  animal  for  ostentation  and  show,  sanctioned  by 
usage  among  brewers  and  distillers  in  England,  not  for  utility— 
I  am  satisfied,  that  they  would  be  bettered  by  a  cross  of  blood. 

The  original  Canadians  were,  I  have  no  doubt,  of  pure  Nor- 
man and  i3reton  descent ;   but,  since  the  Canadas  have  been 
under  British  rule,  they,  too,  have  been  mixed  and  improved 
larcrely  by  the  introduction  of  a  pure  strain ;  so  that  the  animals, 
which  in  late  years  pass  here  under  the  name  of  Canadians, 
such  as  Moscow,  Lady  Moscow,  and  many  others  of  name,  are 
Canadians  only  by  title,  and  diiier  only  from  other  American 
roadsters  in  the  fact,  that  they  have,  it  is  probable,  for  the  most 
part  only  two  crosses,  of  the  Norman  and  pure  English  blood, 
while  the  ordinary  road-horse  of  the  United  States  is  perhaps 
a  combination  of  several  English  distinct  families,  with  French, 
Spanish  and  Flemish  crosses,  beside  a  strain  of  thorough  blood. 
Of  trotters  it  is  now  certain  that  there  is  no  distinctive  breed, 
or  family,  or  mode  of  breeding.     The  power,  the  style,  the  ac- 
tion, the  mode  of  going  are  the  things  ;  and  it  is  most  probable 
that  the  speed  and  the  endurance  both  of  weight  and  distance 
depend,  more  or  less,  on  the  greater  or  inferior  degree  of  blood 

in  the  animal. 

There  is  no  doubt  whatever  in  my  own  mind,  that  allowing 
euch  men  as  Hiram  Woodruif,  George  Spicer,  Dan  Pfiifer,  Dan 
Mace  Bud  Doble,  Hiram  Howe,  Carl  Burr,  and  others  of  tlu 
same  kidney,  to  select  such  horses  as  they  should  pick  for  shape, 
bone,  action,  movement  and  blood,  out  of  the  best  hunting  sta- 
bles in  England,  and  to  train  and  drive  them  themselves,  after 
their  own  fashion,  they  would  find  an  equal,  or  even  larger,  pro- 
portion of  animals— owing  to  their  superiority  in  blood— capa- 
ble of  making  as  good  time  as  has  been  made  here.     It  is  to  the 
fact  that  no  favor^ias  been  ever  attached  to  trotting,  either  as 
a  national  sport,  or  as  an  amusement  of  the  wealthier  classes—to 
the  fact  that  all  the  best  and  most  promising  animals,  which 


TROTTING   HORSES.  115 

wonld  in  tliis  conntiy  be  used  on  the  road  or  the  trottino;-conrse 
are  there  employed  in  the  hunting  field— to  the  fact,  that  trot- 
ting rules,  trotting-training,  and  trotting-riding,  or  driving,  are 
all,  in  England,  imperfect,  injudicious  and  inferior ;  and  lastly 
to  the  fact,  that  the  animals  used  as  trotters,  themselves  of  in- 
ferior quality,  are  almost  entirely  in  the  hands  of  persons  of  in- 
ferior means  and  equal  character,  that  must  be  ascribed  the  in- 
feriority of  the  English  trotter ;  no  such  distinction  being  dis- 
coverable against  tlie  English  hunter,  carriage-horse,  cavalry 
horse,  riding-hack,  or  race-horse. 

And  it  is  to  the  great  popularity  of  trotting  in  this  country, 
to  the  great  excellence  of  the  trotting-trainers,  drivers  and  ri- 
ders, arising  from  that  popularity,  and  to  the  employment  of  all 
the  very  best  half  and  three-quarter-part  bred  horses  in  the  land 
for  trotting  purposes— none  being  diverted  from  that  use  for  the 
hunting  field,  or  park-riding— that  we  must  ascribe  the  wonder- 
ful superiority  of  the  American  roadster. 

It  may  be  added,  that  this  view  of  the  subject  is  confirmed 
by  the  fact,  that  in  the  Southern  and  South-western  States, 
where  the  persons  of  wealth  and  horse-owners  are,  for  the  most 
part,  agriculturists  and  rural  proprietors,  rather  than  dwellers  in 
cities,  many  of  them  owners  of  race-horses,  and  most  of  them 
more  or  less  addicted  to  fox-hunting  or  deer  hunting,  trotting  has 
never  taken  root  to  any  thing  like  the  extent  it  has  to  the  JSTorth 
and  Eastward ;  and  that,  on  the  contrary,  where  trotting  pre- 
vails, it  is  as  difiicult  to  procure  a  handsome,  well-broken  and 
well-bitted  galloper,  with  stylish  action,  a  good  turn  of  speed,  and 
able  to  stay  a  distance  under  a  weight,  as  it  is  easy  to  find  an 
undeniable  trotter,  of  equal  appearance  and  performance,  that 
shall  go  his  mile  low  down  in  the  thirties,  or  his  fifteen  miles  in 
the  hour,  on  a  square  trot. 

The  efi"ect  of  all  this,  as  I  have  said,  probably  not  a  little  the 
result  of  the  very  mixture  of  breeds,  has  been  to  produce  in 
America  a  general  horse  for  all  purposes,  omitting  only  the 
hunting-field  and  park,  or  parade-ground— for  which  there  is  no 
demand— that  cannot,  I  think,  be  equalled  in  the  world. 

On  my  first  arrival  in  this  country,  when  the  eye  is  more 
awake  to  distinctions,  than  after  it  has  become  used  by  years  of 
acquamtance  to  what  it  has  daily  before  it,  and  forgetful  of  what 


116  THE   HOKSE. 

it  has  ceased  to  see,  I  was  particularly  struck  by  the  fact  that 
the  American  general  horse,  as  compared  with  the  English 
horse,  was  inferior  in  height  of  the  forehand,  in  the  loftiness  and 
thinness  of  the  withers,  and  in  the  setting  on  and  carriage  of 
the  neck  and  crest,  while  he  was  superior  in  the  general  devel- 
opment of  liis  quarters,  in  the  let  down  of  his  hams,  and  in  his 
height  behind,  and  farther  remarkable  for  his  formation,  ap- 
jDroaching  to  what  is  often  seen  in  the  Irish  horse,  and  known 
as  the  goose-rump.  I  still  think  that  these  are  prevailing  and 
characteristic  differences  of  the  horses  in  the  two  countries. 
Even  in  the  race-horse,  purely  of  English  blood,  I  fancy  that  I 
can  perceive  the  same  distinction  prevailing,  the  American 
racer  standing  very  much  higher  behind,  and  lower  before,  than 
his  Eno-lish  cono-ener. 

My  judgment  on  this  point  seems  to  be  confirmed  by  an  ex- 
amination of  the  portraits  given  in  the  old  Spirit  of  the  Times 
of  many  celebrated  English  and  American  horses,  by  which  it 
appears  that  Boston,  Wagner,  and  Shark  measured  exactly  the' 
same  at  the  withers  and  the  highest  point  of  the  croup ;  that 
Black  Maria,  in  a  drawing  of  a  little  under  six  and  a  half  inches, 
measures  two-tenths  of  an  inch  lov)er  before  than  behind,  while 
all  the  English  horses  are  from  one  to  two-tenths  higher  before. 

To  what  this  difference  in  construction  is  owing,  I  do  not 
pretend  even  to  conjecture,  nor  whether  it  has  or  has  not  any 
effect  on  comparative  speerl.  I  believe  the  difference  to  be  yel 
more  conspicuous  in  roadsters  than  in  thoroughbreds.  It  is  cer- 
tain that  a  breast-plate,  a  thing  commonly  in  use  in  England  to 
prevent  the  saddle  from  slipping  back,  is  never  seen  in  America ; 
and  that,  in  the  former  country,  a  horse  which  would  not  cany 
his  saddle  without  a  crupper,  would  be  considered  fatally  defi- 
cient in  form,  while  here  it  is  not  unusual,  nor,  I  believe,  consid- 
ered a  serious  disadvantage. 

Another  point  in  which  the  American  horse  of  all  conditions 
differs  extremely,  and  here,  most  advantageously,  from  the  Eu- 
ropean animal,  is  his  greater  surefootedness  and  freedom  from 
the  dangerous  and  detestable  vice  of  stumbling.  It  is  only  ne- 
cessary, in  order  to  convince  himself  that  this  is  a  real  and  not 
an  imaginaiy  difference  in  favor  of  our  horses,  to  examine  the 
knees  of  the  hack-horses  let  for  hire,  either  in  the  cities  or  rural 


FEEEDOM   FROM    STUlSrSLlNG.  117 

rillages  of  the  United  States,  as  compared  witli  those  of  similar 
English  localities.  In  this  country  a  broken  knee  is  one  of  the 
rarest  blemishes,  if  not  the  very  rarest,  one  ever  encounters  in  the 
horse.  Of  horses  let  for  hire  in  England,  unless  it  be  by  a  few 
crack  livery-keepers  in  London,  in  the  Universities,  and  in  one  or 
two  other  of  the  most  important  towns  in  hunting  neigliborhoods, 
a  majority  are  decidedly  broken-kneed.  Nor  is  it  at  all  unusual 
to  meet  perilous  stumblers,  even  from  gentlemen's  stables,  and 
in  the  case  of  animals  whose  appearance  would  indicate  any 
thing  but  liability  to  so  manifest  and  disqualifying  a  fault.  I 
have  had  in  my  life  several  heavy  falls  on  the  road  in  England, 
from  my  horse  coming  down  with  me  on  a  trot,  when,  from  the 
character  of  the  horse,  I  should  have  expected  any  thing  else  ; 
and  it  is  needless  to  add  that  the  roads  in  Great  Britain,  as  a 
general  thing,  are  infinitely  better,  freer  from  ruts,  stones,  or 
other  obstacles,  than  those  of  the  United  States ;  while  in  this 
country  I  have  never  had  a  horee  stumble  with  me  in  harness, 
and  but  twice  under  the  saddle,  one  of  which  was  easily  recov- 
ered, while  the  other,  which  fell  outright,  was  a  notorious  blun- 
derer, and,  I  think  the  only  broken-kneed  horse  I  have  met  in 
America. 

I  ascribe  the  immunity  of  the  horse,  on  this  side  of  the  At- 
lantic, from  this  fault,  first,  to  the  fact  that  both  the  pasture- 
lands  and  the  roads  are  far  rougher,  more  broken  in  surface, 
and  more  interrupted  by  stumps,  stones  and  other  obstacles, 
here,  than  in  the  longer  cultivated  and  more  finished  countries 
of  Europe ;  which  teaches  young  horses  to  bend  their  knees, 
and  throw  their  legs  more  freely  while  playing  with  their  dams 
in  the  field,  and  also  to  lift  and  set  down  their  feet  with  far 
greater  circumspection,  even  on  our  great  thoroughfares,  many 
of  which  are  scarcely  superior  to  a  French  cross-road,  and  few 
of  which  are  equal  to  an  English  one,  especially  in  the  autumn 
or  in  the  spring,  when  the  frost  is  coming  out  of  the  ground. 
Secondly,  I  think  it  may  be  attributed  to  the  higher  blood  and 
breed  of  the  gentlemen's  riding  horses  in  England,  which  are 
often  cantering  thoroughbreds,  or  at  worst  four  or  five-part-bred 
hacks,  and  from  their  blood  liable  to  be  daisy-cutters  and  un- 
safe goers  on  the  road ;  and  lastly,  to  the  well-known  circum- 
stance that  most  of  the  hired  horses,  posters,  and  casual  road- 


118  THE   nOKSE. 

Bters  are  worn  out,  or  broken  down,  or  otlierwise  disqualified 
animals  of  higher  caste,  which,  because  they  have  once  held  a 
better,  are  still  supposed  equal  to  a  secondary  situation,  when 
they  are  in  truth  fit  for  none,  and  are  dangerous  in  any  posi- 
tion. 

To  this  admirable  quality  of  the  American  horse,  which, 
from  what  cause  soever  it  arises,  cannot  be  doubted  or  disputed, 
must  be  added  his  extreme  good  temper  and  docility,  in  which 
lie  unquestionably  excels  any  other  horse  in  the  world.  I  can 
give  no  reason  for  this  want  of  vice  ;  but  there  it  is — a  fixed  and 
established  fact.  From  the  first  childhood  of  the  animal,  until 
he  is  fully  put  to  work,  he  requires  little  or  no  breaking,  and 
for  the  most  part  receives  none — unless  he  shows  qualities, 
which  promise  such  speed  or  endurance  as  to  render  it  advisable 
to  break,  or  rather  to  train,  him  as  a  trotter.  And  when  this  is 
done,  it  is  for  the  purpose  of  developing  his  powers,  getting  him 
to  exert  himself  to  the  utmost,  and  teaching  him  how  to  move 
to  the  best  advantage ;  and  not  to  render  him  submissive,  easy 
of  management,  or  gentle  to  be  handled. 

Such  a  thing  as  a  professional  horse-breaker  is  unknown ; 
colts  are  rarely,  if  ever,  put  upon  the  breaking  bits,  lounged  or 
subjected  to  any  of  the  processes  of  handling,  without  which 
the  young  horse  of  Europe  is,  in  nine  cases  out  of  ten,  particu- 
larly if  he  have  any  pure  blood  in  his  veins,  a  wild,  headstrong, 
ungovernable,  and  almost  indomitable  savage. 

There  is  scarcely  ever  any  difficulty  in  saddling,  in  har- 
nessing, in  backing,  or  in  inducing  him  to  go.  He  may  be  awk- 
ward at  first,  uncouth,  shy  and  timid,  but  one  may  say  never 
violent,  sj^lenetic,  and  fierce ;  never  making  those  wild  bounds 
and  plunges  by  which  he  strives  resolutely  to  divest  himself 
of  his  trappings,  and  to  get  rid  of  his  rider,  as  one  almost  in- 
variably sees  a  young  animal  do  in  Europe,  while  in  the  break- 
er's hands. 

It  is  true  that  they  are  treated  for  the  most  part  with  supe- 
rior judgment  and  greater  humanity  in  the  United  States,  un- 
less in  very  exceptional  instances ;  that  the  whip  is  little  used, 
and  the  spur  almost  unknown ;  but  the  whole  of  this  remarka- 
ble diiference  in  temper,  on  the  part  of  the  American  horse, 
cannot  be  attributed  to  the  difi'erence  of  treatment,  for  it  cer- 


HIGH   GROOMING.  119 

tainly  Avould  not  be  safe,  much  less  wise  or  easy,  to  mount  an 
Englisli  liiglilj-bred  colt  without  having  the  means  of  compel- 
ling obedience  in  case  of  resistance,  and  insuring  the  victory  to 
the  horseman,  in  case  of  what  is  constantly  occurring,  a  long 
and  obstinate  encounter  of  wits  and  trial  of  powers  between  the 
intellectual  man  and  the  intelligent  brute. 

As  he  begins,  morever,  so  he  continues  to  the  end.  One 
rarely,  if  ever,  meets  a  kicker,  a  runaway,  an  inveterate  shyer  or 
balker,  and  hardly  ever  a  furious,  biting,  striking,  screaming 
devil,  whom  he  cannot  api:)roach  but  at  the  risk  of  limb  or  life, 
in  an  American  horse  of  any  class  or  condition. 

Probably,  this  fact  may  be  in  some  respect  attributed  to  the 
less  high  strain  of  blood  in  the  American  roadster ;  and  still 
more  to  the  hardier  and  less  stimulating  mode  of  treatment  to 
which  he  is  subjected.  The  American  trotter  of  the  highest 
grade  being  a  very  out-of-door  plant  indeed,  as  compared  to  an 
Englisli  hunter  or  park  hack,  wdiich  is  invariably  in  the  most 
pampered  and  blooming  condition,  generally  above  his  work, 
and  excited,  by  the  high  and  constant  grooming,  rubbing  and 
currying,  which  is  going  on  in  first-class  English  stables,  to 
great  irritability  both  of  skin  and  temper. 

No  one  who  has  seen  hunters  groomed  in  England,  or  race- 
horses in  this  country,  which  are,  one  may  say  as  a  rule,  the 
only  horses  subjected  to  this  extreme  dressing,  can  doubt,  when 
he  hears  the  animals  squealing  and  snorting,  and  sees  them  bit- 
ing or  lashing  out  at  every  thing  they  see,  that  the  animal  is 
rendered  in  the  highest  degree  sensitive,  and  has  his  nervous 
temperament  excited  and  stimulated  very  far  by  this  treatment, 
while  his  spirits,  his  health,  his  courage,  and  his  beauty  are 
promoted  by  it,  in  at  least  an  equal  degree.  Certainly  I  have 
never  seen  horses  in  America,  unless  they  were  either  race- 
horses or  trotters  in  match  condition,  either  groomed,  or  show- 
ing the  grooming  in  the  bloom  and  perfection  of  their  coats, 
which  is  expected  of  the  horsekeeper  in  every  English  gentle- 
man's stable. 

I  do  not  say  that  it  is  desirable,  or  that  the  American  mode 
should  be  altered  ;  I  only  assert  that  it  is  so.  For  tlie  English 
hunter,  or  steeplechaser,  whose  work  is  closely  analogous  to 
that  of  an  American  four-mile-heater,  nearly  the  same  condi- 


120  THE   HOKSE. 

tion,  and  the  blooming  coat  are  doubtless  necessary.  Produced 
as  tliey  inust  be  by  hot  stabling,  thick  clothing,  and  extremely 
liigh  and  pampered  feeding,  I  do  not  believe  that  such  treat- 
ment would  be  beneficial  to  American  roadstei*s,  but  the  reverse. 
And,  apart  from  the  parade  and  show — which,  as  they  are  a 
])rincipal  part  of  the  object  for  which  the  European  gentleman 
keei^s  his  carriage  horses  and  park  hacks,  cannot  be  sacrificed — 
1  do  not  believe  that  it  is  advantageous  to  the  hardihood, 
health,  or  endurance  of  weather,  of  such  animals  in  Eng- 
land. 

I  remember,  it  struck  me  with  great  wonder,  some  five  and 
twenty  years  ago,  when  every  young  gentleman,  in  New  York, 
kept  his  fixst  trotter,  or  fast  team,  to  see  those  animals  driven  at 
a  rate  I  had  never  before  heard  of,  some  eight  or  ten  miles,  till 
they  were  in  a  lather  of  sweat,  and  then  left  to  stand  in  the 
open  air  with  the  thermometer  not  much  above  zero,  for  two  or 
three  hours,  with  only  a  single  blanket  over  them,  at  Cato's 
door,  while  their  owners  were  talking  "  horse,"  within,  round  a 
blazing  fire. 

I  at  once  recognized  that  no  English  horse,  stabled  and 
groomed  as  English  horses  are  groomed  and  stabled,  could 
have  been  subjected  to  such  treatment,  without  incurring  al- 
most the  certainty  of  an  inflammation  of  the  lungs,  and  the 
greatest  imaginable  risk  of  being  rendered  worthless  for  ever 
after. 

It  is  true,  that  in  England  such  trials  are  not  required  of 
horses,  owing  to  the  far  greater  equability  of  the  climate,  in 
wdiich  the  hottest  summer  day  rarely  exceeds  T5  to  80  degrees, 
or  the  coldest  winter  day  falls  lower  than  25  to  20  degrees 
above  zero  ;  so  that  there  is,  perhaps,  little  more  difil'erence  be- 
tween the  heat  of  a  warm  English  stable  and  the  outer  air, 
than  there  is  between  that  of  a  cold  American  one  and  the 
winter  atmosphere  without. 

Still  I  believe  that  the  heating  treatment,  in  some  degree, 
unnerves  horses,  deprives  them  of  the  power  of  enduring  long 
protracted  exertion,  privation,  hardship,  and  the  inclemency 
of  weather.  And  I  farther  believe  that  the  pampering,  high 
feeding,  excessive  grooming,  and  general  maintenance  of  horses 
in  an  unnatural  and  excited  state  of  health  and  spirits,  has  an 


DOCILITY    OF   THE    AMERICAN   EACERS.  121 

injuriouG  effect  on  the  general  temper  of  the  animal ;  thongh 
not,  perhaps,  so  greatlj  as  to  account  for  all  the  difference  al- 
luded to  above. 

If  it  have  any  injurious  effect  in  provoking  the  animal  to 
resistance,  rebellion,  or  caprice,  the  rest  soon  follows  ;  for  the 
rebellion  or  caprice  of  the  animal  constantly  calls  forth  the  vio- 
lence, the  injustice,  and  the  cruelty  of  the  groom.  By  these 
means  a  casual  trick  is  confirmed  into  a  depraved  habit,  and  a 
playful,  mischievous  creature,  transformed  into  a  vicious,  savage 
devil.  Still,  while  I  attribute  some  of  the  extra  amount  of  mis- 
chief, wantonness  and  vice  in  European  horses — French  and 
Spanish  horses  I  think  even  more  vicious  than  the  English — to 
the  effects  of  the  system,  I  also  think  that,  by  some  accident  of 
blood,  or  climate,  American  horses  are  the  more  docile  and 
gentler  by  nature.  I  have  observed  the  fact  in  race-horses,  as 
highly  groomed,  and  as  much  pampered  as  any ;  I  have  also 
observed  it  among  stallions,  on  exhibition,  in  the  highest  bloom, 
at  fairs,  animals  Avhich  no  man  in  his  senses  in  Europe  would 
think  of  approaching,  under  the  like  circumstances. 

And  I  must  say,  in  conclusion,  that  I  consider  the  general 
horse  of  America  superior,  not  in  blood  or  in  beauty,  but  decid- 
edly in  hardihood  to  do  and  to  endure,  in  powers  of  travel,  in 
Bpeed,  in  docility  and  in  good  temper,  to  any  other  race  of 
general  horses  in  the  known  world. 


EDITORIAL  NOTES. 

*  (P.  110.)  The  South  Carolina  Gazette,  February  1,  1734,  shows  that  racing 
was  known  in  that  State  in  that  year.  Many  vahiable  horses  were  imported  from 
England  prior  to  1750. 

f  (P.  111.)  The  pedigree  of  American  Eclipse  is  thoroughly  established,  and 
will  be  found  correctly  given  in  the  table  in  this  work. 

X  (P.  113.)  The  late  Dr.  Elislia  Warfield  bred  all  his  thorough-bred  mares  one 
season  to  a  Jack,  except  Alice  Carneal,  the  dam  of  Lexington.  These  mares  were 
afterwards  bred  to  thorough-breds,  and  produced  good  race-horses. 


HISTOKT 

OF     THE     AMERICAN     BLOOD-EORSE. 

Unlike  the  human  race  of  the  United  States,  unlike  the  ordi- 
nary working  horse,  unlike  the  cattle  and  most  of  the  domestic 
animals  of  North  America,  which  cannot  be  traced  or  said  to 
belong  to  any  one  distinct  breed  or  family,  having  originated 
from  the  mixture,  combination,  and  amalgamation  of  many 
bloods  and  stocks,  derived  from  many  diiferent  countries,  the 
blooclhorse  of  America  stands  alone,  unquestionably  of  pure 
English  thoroughblood. 

What  that  English  thoroughblood  is,  has  been  already  dis- 
cussed above  ;  and  it  is  only  necessary  here  to  say,  that,  although 
it  is  not  possible,  in  every  instance,  to  trace  the  great  progeni- 
tors of  the  English  and  American  Turf,  directly  on  both  sides 
to  Desert  blood,  and  although  it  can  scarce  be  doubted  that,  in 
the  very  commencement  of  Turf-breeding,  there  must  have 
been  some  mixture  of  the  best  old  English  blood,  probably  in 
great  part  Spanish  by  descent,  with  the  true  Arab  or  Barb 
race,  the  impure  admixture  is  so  exceedingly  remote,  not 
within  fourteen  or  fifteen  generations — since  which  the  smallest 
taint  has  been  jealously  excluded — that  the  present  race-horse 
of  England  or  JSTorth  America  cannot  possess  above  one 
sixteen-thousandth  part  of  any  other  blood  than  that  of  the 
Desert, 

Kor  is  it  to  be  doubted,  in  the  smallest  degree,  that  the 
modern  thoroughbred  is  as  far  superior  to  the  present  horse  of 
the  East,  in  his  qualities  and  powers,  as  he  is  in  size,  bone, 


"  FAIE   NELL.  •»  123 

strength,  and  ability  to  cany  weight.     It  is  to  this  veiy  supe- 
riority of  our  thoroughbred,  which  is  proved  *  wherever  it  has 

*  It  will  be  remembered,  by  many  of  my  readers,  that  some  years  since  the 
Viceroy  of  Egypt  challenged  the  English  Jockey  Club  to  run  a  certain  number  of 
English  horses  against  the  pick  of  his  stables.  The  bet  was  dechned  ;  first,  because 
the  English  Jockey  Club,  in  their  corporate  capacity,  do  not  own  racers  ;  and,  sec- 
ondly, because  to  run  a  distance  race  over  broken  desert  ground  was  considered  a 
greater  risk  of  destroying  valuable  animals  than  the  circumstances  would  justify. 
The  match  has  since  been  made,  on  private  account,  with  the  usual  result,  as  the 
following  extract  shows  : — 

"  An  interesting  race  was  run  recently  at  Cairo  between  an  English  mare  and  an 
Arab  horse  belonging  to  Aaleen  Pacha,  when  the  former  beat  the  latter.  The  length 
of  the  race  was  eight  miles,  the  time  occupied  by  the  mare  18|-  minutes,  over  a 
rough,  gravelly,  sandy  road.  The  same  race  has  been  offered  for  the  last  two  years 
against  all  England,  for  10,000  sovereigns,  with  the  same  horse,  and  not  accepted. 
The  Egyptian  princes  are  now  convinced  that  their  Arabs  can  he  beaten  by  English 
horses.  The  late  Viceroy  Abbas  Pacha  had  offered  to  stake  any  amount  up  to 
150,000f.  on  his  own  horse  against  any  others  that  might  be  brought  to  run." 

A  farther  account  of  this  mare  has  been  more  recently  published,  which  is  sub- 
joined, showing  it  to  be  very  doubtful  whether  the  mare,  which  so  easily  beat  the 
Arab,  was  fully  bred. 

"  Fair  Nell,"  the  Irish  mare  that  beat  the  Pacha's  Arab. — A  short  time  since 
some  sensation  was  created  by  a  paragraph  which  went  the  rounds  of  the  press, 
stating  that  an  English  mare,  in  a  race  of  eight  miles,  had  beaten  the  best  Arab  in 
Egypt  by  a  full  mile,  doing  the  distance  in  IS-^-  minutes,  and  pulling  up  fresh.  On 
inquiry,  it  was  found  that  the  Arab  was  the  property  of  Aaleen  Pacha,  a  son  of 
Abbas  Pacha,  who,  it  will  be  remembered,  about  three  years  ago,  challenged  the 
Jockey  Club  to  run  any  number  of  Enghsli  horses  against  his  Arabs,  for  any  sum 
not  less  than  ten  thousand  pounds  sterling.  The  Jockey  Club,  which  makes  rules 
for  racing,  and  by  its  stewards  fixes  the  weights  of  certain  matches  and  handicaps, 
does  not  own  or  run  horses  in  its  Club  capacity,  and  declined  to  take  up  the  chal- 
lenge. It  was  said  that  Abbas  Pacha  would  not  accept  a  challenge  from  any  private 
individual ;  and  the  reputation  of  his  stud — which  had  been  collected  at  an  unlimited 
expense,  with  the  power  of  despotism — was  so  high,  that  the  owners  of  good  horses 
were  afraid  of  risking  their  reputation  in  a  foreign  country  over  a  long  course  of 
sand  and  gravel. 

However,  the  other  day  a  party  of  Cairo  merchants  made  up  the  match  above 
referred  to  for  about  £400,  and  won  it  so  easily  that  they  now  find  it  impossible  to 
make  another.  We  learn  through  private  sources  that  El  Hami  Pacha,  the  youngest 
son  of  Abbas  Pacha,  who  inherited  his  stud,  not  less  than  300  in  number,  still  fan- 
cies that  he  could  find  a  horse  that  in  a  twenty-mile  race  would  beat  the  European 
mare  ;  but,  although  quite  young,  he  is  so  indolent  that  he  seldom  leaves  his 
harem ;  and  it  is  doubtful  if  he  will  take  the  trouble  to  make  the  necessary  pre- 
liminaries for  a  race.  About  the  result  there  can  be  no  manner  of  doubt.  Is'o  Arab 
in  the  world  can  go  through  a  day's  racing  with  our  best  thoroughbred  steeple- 
chasers and  hunters — not  even  the  stock  of  Disraeli's  Star  of  the  Desert,  jockeyed 
by  Sidonia. 


124  THE   HOESE. 

encountered  tlie  oriental  horse,  that  it  must  be  ascribed,  that  no 
late  cross  of  Arab  blood  has,  in  the  smallest  degree,  improved 
the  European  or  American  racer. 

It  appears  to  be  now  an  admitted  fact  that,  to  improve  any 
blood,  the  sire  must  be  the  superior  animal ;  and,  inasmuch  as 
by  care,  cultivation,  superior  food,  and  better  management,  our 
descendant  of  the  Desert  blood  has  been  matured  into  a  crea- 
ture superior  to  his  progenitors,  mares  of  the  improved  race  can 
gain  nothing  from  being  referred  to  the  original  stock ;  although 
it  remains  to  be  seen,  whether  by  the  importation  of  oriental 
mares,  and  breeding  them  judiciously  to  modern  thoroughbred 
sires,  something  might  not  be  effected. 

The  first  systematic  attempts  at  improving  the  blood  of  the 
English  horse  began,  as  we  have  seen,  in  the  reign  of  King 

Fair  Nell  is  supposed  to  be  thoroughbred  ;  her  sire,  according  to  the  best  infor- 
mation, was  the  celebrated  Irish  horse  Freney,  to  whom  she  bears  a  strong  resem- 
blance, both  in  appearance  and  temper,  but  she  is  not  in  the  stud-book.  She  is  a 
beautiful  light  bay,  with  black  legs,  standing  fifteen  hands  one  inch  and  a  half  high, 
with  a  game,  determined  head,  very  lengthy,  with  beautiful  shoulders,  arms,  and 
fore  legs,  back  and  hind  quarters,  with  very  powerful  thighs.  She  is  a  delightful 
mare  to  sit  when  going  ;  her  stride  is  great,  strong,  and  elastic  ;  and,  from  her  form, 
she  gives  the  feeling  of  "  plenty  before  you."  She  is  a  hard  puller,  with  a  good 
mouth,  graceful,  and  easy  even  when  plunging  most  violently.  In  hunting,  she 
rushed  at  her  fences  at  a  terrible  pace,  but  never  made  a  mistake.  As  a  hack  she 
was  most  luxurious,  but  at  times  it  was  real  work  of  danger  to  cross  a  crowded  road 
with  her.  In  the  stable  she  was  perfectly  quiet.  She  was  purchased  in  Ireland  by 
a  well  known  old  Irish  steeple-chase  rider  and  groom,  Andy  Rogers,  for  a  gentleman 
of  Bath,  Avho  found  her  too  spirited  and  uncomfortable  for  a  hunter,  and  sent  her  to 
be  sold  at  Hetherington's  stables  in  the  Edgeware  road.  Not  finding  a  purchaser, 
she  was  put  up  at  Tattersall's,  where  she  was  set  down  by  the  crowd  as  a  "raking 
Irish  devil,"  and  found  no  favor. 

After  being  withdrawn,  Mr.  Edmund  Tattersall,  the  junior  partner  of  the  firm, 
was  so  struck  with  her  shape  and  beauty  that,  against  the  advice  of  his  friends,  he 
bought  her  as  a  park  and  cover  hack.  She  often  carried  him  sixteen  miles  within 
the  hour,  including  stoppages,  to  meet  hounds,  he  riding  twelve  stone,  seeming  to 
be  only  cantering  all  the  time  ;  and  back  again  in  the  evening,  at  the  same  rate, 
without  showing  the  least  fatigue ;  and  was  perfectly  pleasant  so  long  as  ridden 
alone,  and  with  fine  hands.  Although  more  than  once  offered  on  loan  to  racing 
men,  by  her  owner,  who  felt  sure  she  must  win  a  long  race  over  deep  ground,  no  one 
ventured  to  try  her ;  a  mistake,  evidently  ;  for  it  turns  out  that,  on  her  trial  in 
Egypt,  before  the  race,  she  did  five  miles  in  ten  minutes  and  a  half. 

Eventually  Mr.  Hetherington  applied  to  Mr.  Tattersall,  to  purchase  Fair  Nell  back 
for  the  merchants  of  Cairo.  She  was  in  low  condition  when  she  was  shipped,  yet 
ran  and  won  her  race  within  two  months  from  the  time  of  landing. 


FIRST   IMPORTATIONS.  125 

James  I.,  was  continued  in  that  of  Charles  I.,  and  during  the 
Commonwealth ;  and  advanced  with  renewed  spirit  on  the 
restoration  of  the  Stuarts,  of  whom  one  is  happy  to  record — 
since  there  is  little  else  to  be  recorded  in  their  favor — that  they 
were  a  horse-loving  and  sport-encouraging  race,  and  that  Eng- 
land, and  through  her  America,  owe  to  them,  in  great  part,  the 
blood  of  their  matchless  steeds. 

In  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne,  the  last  of  that  house  who  sat 
on  the  royal  throne  of  England,  the  English  thorouglibred 
horse  may  be  regarded  as  fully  established ;  the  Darley  Arabian, 
sire  of  Elying  Childers,  Curwen's  Barb,  and  Lord  Carlisle's 
Turk,  sire  of  the  Bald  Galloway,  being  imported  in  her  reign. 
Sixteen  years  after  her  death,  and  three  years  before  the  foun- 
dation of  Georgia,  the  youngest  of  the  royal  colonies,  twenty- 
one  foreign,  and  fifty  native  stallions,  some  of  them  the  most 
celebrated  horses  the  world  has  ever  seen,  such  as  Childers, 
Bartlett's  Childers,  the  Grey  Childers,  the  Bald  Galloway,  Bay 
Bolton,  Coneyskins,  Crab,  Fox,  Hartley's  Blind  Horse,  Jigg, 
Soreheels,  and  Trueblue  were  covering  in  the  United  Kingdoms ; 
and  from  some  of  those  are  descended  almost  all  our  racers  of 
the  present  day.  Six  years  before  thi^!,  the  first  Eacing  Calen- 
dar was  published  in  England,  with  nearly  seven  hundred  sub- 
scribers. 

During  this  period  it  was,  precisely,  that  the  American 
colonies  were  planted ;  and,  as  might  be  anticipated,  English 
horses  of  pure  blood  were  at  a  very  early  date  introduced ;  and 
in  those  regions,  where  the  settlement  was  principally  eifecteci 
by  men  of  birth,  attached  to  the  Cavalier  party,  race-horses 
were  kept  and  trained,  race-courses  were  established,  and  a  well- 
authenticated  stock  of  thorouojhbred  animals,  tracing:  to  the 
most  celebrated  English  sires,  many  of  which  were  imported 
in  the  early  part  of  the  eighteenth  century,  was  in  existence 
considerably  before  the  outbreak  of  the  old  French  war. 

In  tlie  Eastern  States,  the  settlers  of  which  were  for  the 
most  part  attached  to  the  Puritan  party,  and  therefore  opposed 
to  all  amusements  and  pastimes  as  frivolous  at  the  least  and 
unprofitable,  and  to  horse-racing  more  especially  as  profane  and 
positively  wicked,  very  few  horses  of  thorough  blood  were  im- 
ported ;  racing  has  never  taken  any  root  in  them,  nor  I  believe 


126  THE   HORSE. 

lias  any  stable  of  i*acers  ever  been  kept  to  the  eastward  of  New 
York.' 

Virginia  and  Maryland  as  the  liead-quarters  of  the  Cavaliers — 
the  former  State  having  for  a  long  time  refused  submission  to 
the  Commonwealth  and  to  stout  old  Oliver — as  the  seat  of  the 
aristocracy,  fashion,  and  wealth  of  the  Colonies,  prior  to  the 
Revolution — took  an  early  and  decided  lead  in  this  noble  pur- 
suit ;  and,  w^hile  the  love  of  the  sport  continues  to  distinguish 
their  descendants,  who  are  by  far  the  most  equestrian  in  their 
habits  of  any  other  citizens  of  the  Republic,  the  result  of  the 
liberality  of  the  first  settlers  is  yet  visible  in  the  blood  of  their 
noble  steeds. 

It  is  probable  that  Racing  may  have  commenced  simnltane- 
onsly,  or  nearly  so,  in  the  two  States  above  named.  It  was  an 
attribute  of  the  principal  towns  of  Maryland  some  years  pre- 
vious to  Braddock's  defeat  in  1T53,  and  it  is  nearly  certain  that 
Spark,  owned  by  Governor  Ogle,  of  that  colony,  presented  to 
him  by  Lord  Baltimore,  who  received  him  as  a  gift  from  tho 
Prince  of  Wales,  father  to  King  George  III.,  came  hither  pre- 
vious to  that  event,  and  was  among  the  first  horses  of  great  dis- 
tinction brought  to  America,  though  it  cannot  be  shown,  what 
was  the  exact  date  of  his  importation.  It  seems  also  that  there 
is  some  dispute  as  to  his  pedigree.*  "Weatherby's  stud-book  has 
Spark,  by  Honeycomb  Punch  out  of  AYilkes'  Old  Hautboy 
mare,  and  this  I  presume  is  the  horse  in  question,  as  is  stated 
by  Patrick  Nisbett  Edgar,  in  his  Sportsman's  Herald,  who  gives 
his  pedigree  as  above,  signed  and  sealed  by  Lord  Baltimore. 
Skinner,  in  his  stud-book,  states  him  to  have  been  got  ly  Aleppo, 
son  of  the  Darley  Arabian,  dam  by  Bartlett's  Chiklers,  &c. ; 
but  he  states  no  authority,  and  I  presume  is  in  error  ;  as  I  find 
no  grounds  for  such  a  pedigree.  Edgar  states,  also,  that  Wilkes' 
Old  Hautboy  mare,  dam  by  Brimmer,  was  also  imported  into 
Virginia  by  Col.  Colville,  and  afterward  known  as  Miss  Col- 
ville.  Old  Hautboy  was  son  of  the  D'Arcy  white  Turk,  out  of 
one  of  King  Charles  II.'s  barb  mares.  Honeycomb  sire  of  Punch, 
by  the  Dun  Barb  out  of  a  Babraham  mare.  Governor  Ogle, 
the  owner  of  Spark,  who  as  a  grandson  of  Hautboy  must  date 
back  to  early  in  the  18th  century,  also  imported  Queen  Mab, 
by  Musgrove's  grey  Arabian ;  but  the  date  of  her  importation 
*  See  Note  *  on  page  139. 


MAETLAND    AND    VIKGINlA.  1*27 

is  not  known  more  certainly  than  tliat  of  Spark.  Frederic, 
Prince  of  Wales,  however,  wlio  gave  him  to  Lord  Baltimore,  died 
himself  in  1751,  by  which  one  may  conjecture  his  importation 
to  have  occurred  previously  to  that  date.  The  circumstances  of 
the  gift  speak  well  for  the  character  of  the  horse,  who  was  pro- 
bably in  a  high  form  as  a  racer,  since  royal  donors  are  not  wont 
to  make  worthless  donations. 

About  the  year  1750,  Colonel  Tasker  imported  into  Mary- 
land the  celebrated  English  mare  Selitna,  a  daughter  of  the  Go- 
dolphin  Arabian,  one  of  the  most  distinguished  mares  that  ever 
ran  in  America,  and  progenitrix  through  Kockingham,  Mark 
Antony,  and  many  others,  of  half  the  best  and  most  fashionable 
blood  in  America.  In  December,  1752,  Col.  Tasker  won  a 
sweepstakes  with  that  mare  at  Gloucester,  Virginia,  beating 
Col.  Byrd's  renowned  horse  Tryall — by,  imported,  Morton's  Tra- 
veller, out  of  Blazella  by  Blaze,  out  of  Jenny  Cameron  by  Quiet 
Cuddy,  son  of  Fox  out  of  Castaway  mare — Colonel  Taylor's 
Jenny  Cameron,  and  a  mare  of  Colonel  Thornton's,  for  a  sweep- 
stakes of  four  miles,  for  500  pistoles.*  After  this  time,  it  aj^pears 
to  have  been  considered  part  of  the  duty  of  a  governor  of  Mary- 
land to  keep  a  racing  stud  ;  as,  succeeding  Governor  Ogle,  the 
importer  of  these  famous  animals.  Governors  Ridgely,  Wright, 
Lloyd,  and  Sprigg,  were  all  determined  turfmen  and  supporters 
of  the  American  racing  interest- 
Nearly  about  the  same  time,  there  were  imported  into  Vir- 
ginia, Routh's  Crab,  by  old  Crab,  dam  by  Counsellor,  daughter 
of  Coneyskins,  supposed  to  be  in  or  about  1746.  In  1747,  Mon- 
key, by  the  Lonsdale  Bay  Arabian,  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb, 
daughter  of  the  Byerly  Turk  and  a  Eoyal  mare.  He  was  22 
years  old  when  imported,  but  left  good  stock.  In  1748,  Boger 
of  the  Vale,  afterwards  known  as  Jolly  Eoger,  by  Roundhead, 
out  of  a  Partner  mare,  "Woodcock,  Croft's  Bay  Barb,  Makelesii, 
Brimmer,  Dickey  Pierson,  out  of  a  Barb  mare.  Roundhead  was  by 
Flying  Childers,  out  of  Roxana,  dam  of  Lath  and  Cade,  by  the 
Bald  Galloway,  out  of  a  daughter  to  the  Acaster  Turk.  Woodcock 
was  by  Merlin,  out  of  a  daughter  of  son  of  Brimmer.  Dickey 
Pierson  by  the  Dodsworth  Barb  out  of  the  Burton  Barb  mare. 

In  about  1764,  was  imported  Fearnought,  got  by  Regulus 
out  of  Silvertail  by  AVhitenose,  grand-dam   by  Rattle,  great 
*  See  Note  f  on  page  139. 


12^ 


THE   HORSE. 


grand-dam  by  tlie  Darley  Arabian,  great  great  grand-dam  Old 
Child  mare,  by  Sir  Thomas  Gresley's  Arabian,  great  great  great 
grand-dam,  Mr.  Cook's  Vixen,  by  Helmsley  Turk,  out  of  Dods- 
worth's  dam,  a  natural  Barb.  Regulus  was  by  the  Godolphin 
Arabian,  dam  Grey  Robinson  by  the  Bald  Gallowa}'^,  grand-dam 
by  Snake  out  of  Old  Wilkes'  Hautboy  mare.  Eattle  was  by  Sir 
H.  Harpur's  Barb  out  of  a  Eoyal  mare.  Whitenose  was  by  the 
hiall  Arabia!!  out  of  dam  to  Jigg.  Thus  Fearnought  is  come 
of  the  very  highest  and  purest  blood  in  England,  and  has  left 
his  mark  largely  on  the  blood-horse  of  Yirginia.  It  is  said  that, 
before  his  time,  there  was  little  beyond  quarter  racing  in  Yirginia, 
that  his  progeny  were  of  uncommon  figure,  and  first  introduced 
the  size  and  bottom  of  the  English  race-horse  into  America. 
This  must  be  taken,  however,  gutr  gy^ano  salis^  as  it  is  evident 
from  what  has  been  stated  in  regard  to  Selima,  that  four-mile 
racers  were  the  fashion  in  Maryland  at  least  fifteen  years  before 
that  date,  and  it  is  only  to  be  understood  in  the  case  of  second- 
rate  racers,  that  quarter  running  was  in  vogue  at  this  period. 

These  capital  horses  were  shortly  followed  by  Morton's 
Traveller,  who  w^as  probably  got  by  Partner,  a  grandson  of  the 
Byerly  Turk,  and  grandsire  of  King  Herod,  dam  by  the  Bloody 
Buttocks  Arabian  ;  grand-dam  by  Greyhound,  a  Barb  ;  g.  grand 
dam  by  Makeless  ;  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Brimmer  ;  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam 
by  the  White  Turk  ;  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  bj  Dodsworth,  a  Barb  ; 
g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  Layton  Barb  mare."^' 

Makeless  was  by  the  Oglethorpe  Arab  out  of  Trumpet's  dam. 
She  was  a  jjure  Barb  by  Dodsworth  out  of  the  Layton  Barb 
mare.     Brimmer  was  by  the  Yellow  Turk  out  of  a  royal  mare. 

These  were  probably  the  best  early  horses  that  were  imported 
into  America;  and  to  these,  with  the  mares  Selima,  De  Lancey's 
Cub  mare.  Queen  Mab,  Jenny  Cameron,  Kitty  Fisher,  Miss  Col- 
ville,  and  a  few  others  of  about  the  same  period,  may  be  traced 
all,  or  almost  all  the  families  of  running  horses  now  existing  in 
the  United  States,  in  a  greater  or  less  degree,  and  with  nearly  as 
much  certainty  as  the  English  champions  of  the  olden  day  may 
be  followed  up  to  imported  Arab  and  Barb  on  both  sides. 

It  is  unfortunate,  first,  that  our  Revolutionary  War  inter- 
rupted the  peaceful  progress  of  the  country  and  the  avocations 
of  our  country  gentlemen,  at  so  early  a  period  in  the  history  of 
*  See  Note  %  OQ  P^ge  139. 


WANT   OF   EEGISTEIES.  129 

the  American  Turf;  since  it  lias  materially  increased  the  diffi- 
culty of  ascertaining  how  far  records  or  registries  have  been 
preserved,  or  were  kept  from  the  first.  When  men  were  fight- 
ing for  their  hearths,  with  the  halter  literally  about  their  necks, 
and  daily  expecting  their  houses  to  be  burned  over  their  heads, 
they  had  little  time,  one  may  well  imagine,  to  be  attending  to 
the  pedigrees  of  thoroughbred  horses,  or  to  preserving  regular 
entries.  '  It  is  to  be  presumed,  moreover,  where  many  heads 
of  families  were  absent  from  their  estates  with  the  army,  or 
were  obliged  to  expatriate  or  conceal  themselves  from  the  con 
'sequences  of  proscription  and  outlawry,  that  many  irregularities 
must  have  occurred  from  want  of  due  attention  to  the  studs 
themselves,  as  well  as  to  the  records  of  them.  Many  documents 
must  likewise  have  been  destroyed  by  conflagrations,  or  other 
accidents,  and  lost  in  the  hurry  of  removals.  And,  secondly,  it 
is  most  unfortunate  that  no  regular  Turf  Register  was  ever  set 
on  foot  in  America  until  so  late  as  1829.  But,  on  the  whole, 
it  may  be  regarded  as  remarkable,  rather,  that  so  many  pedi- 
grees can  be  unequivocally  followed  out  than  that  a  few  should 
be  obscure  and  untraceable  farther  than  to  an  imported  mare.  In 
fact,  so  that  the  owners  were  satisfied  that  the  imported  mares 
were  undoubted  thoroughbreds,  out  of  a  well-known  and  accre- 
dited English  Turf  stable,  they  seemed  to  have  received  them 
almost  as  undoubtingly,  as  did  our  still  more  remote  ancestors 
those  of  oriental  blood,  without  much  questioning,  or  going 
beyond  the  record. 

For  curiosity  and  precision,  it  is  to  be  regretted  that  a  few 
of  our  genealogies  cannot  be  traced  a  little  farther  and  more 
definitely  ;  but  it  must  be  conceded  as  a  fact,  which  cannot  be 
questioned  or  doubted,  fully  established  both  by  their  own  per- 
formances and  by  the  unfailing  transmission  of  their  hereditary 
qualities,  that  our  American  horses  are  as  unequivocally 
thoroughbred,  as  are  any  of  those  English  champions,  whose 
blood  no  one  ever  dreams  of  disputing,  which  go  back,  like  that 
of  Eclipse  himself,  through  Bustler  or  Rockwood,  or  many 
others  of  equal  renown,  to  an  unknown  dam  or  sire. 

It  will  be  observed,  and  it  is  not  a  little  remarkable,  how 
very  many  of  the  earliest  Virginia  and  Maryland  importation 
run  through  Partner,  on  the  one  hand,  to  Spanker  and  Span- 
VoL.  L— 9 


130  THE   HORSE. 

ker's  dam,  the  White  and  Yellow  D'Arcy  Turks,  the  Selaby 
Turk,  and  either  the  old  Yintner  or  the  Layton  violet  Barb 
mares ;  and,  on  the  other,  to  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  through 
Regulus,  Babraham,  Juniper,  Dormouse  and  others.  I  say  it 
is  remarkable,  because — after  this  blood  had  for  very  many 
years  been  bred  in  this  country,  more  or  less,  in  and  in — the 
celebrated  horse  Sir  Archy,  son  of  imported  Diomed  and  im- 
ported Castianira,  running  back  through  his  sire,  his  grandsire 
riorizel,  and  his  great  grandsire  Sir  B^erod  into  precisely  the 
same  strain  of  Partner  blood,  and  through  his  grand-dam  Tabi- 
tha,  into  the  same  Babraham  and  Godolphin  strain,  seems  to 
have  produced  by  a  reinfusion  of  the  selfsame  original  elements, 
a  new  stock  of  unequalled  excellence,  of  iron  endurance,  con- 
stitution, speed  and  stoutness,  which  is  hourly  winning  fresh 
laurels  on  our  own  turf,  and-  is  shortly,  as  it  is  understood,  to 
compete  in  the  lists  of  fame,  on  the  very  courses  whereon  their 
ancestors  ran  above  a  century  ago,  with  their  far-away  kindred 
of  the  ocean  island. 

From  Virginia  and  Maryland,  the  racing  spirit  extended 
itself  rapidly  into  the  Carolinas,  wliere  it  has  never  to  this  day 
flagged.  The  oldest  race-courses  in  this  country,  which  are  yet 
kept  up  for  purposes  of  sport,  are  the  I^ewmarket  course,  near 
Petersburgh,  Virginia,  and  the  Washington  course,  near  Charles- 
ton, South  Carolina ;  at  Alexandria,  D.  C,  there  was  a  Eace- 
course  early  in  the  last  century,  and  the  courses  in  the  neigh- 
borhood of  E-ichmond  have  been  in  existence  above  seventy 
years.  Not  very  long  after  this  date,  and  previous  to  the  Revo- 
lutionary War,  there  were  two  race-courses  on  Long  Island,  in 
the  State  of  New  York,  one  called  Newmarket,  near  the  centre 
of  Suffolk  county,  and  the  other  near  Jamaica  in  Queens  county, 
at  both  of  which  trials  of  speed  were  frequently  had,  but  whether 
there  were  meetings  at  stated  intervals  and  for  regular  prizes  is 
not  known  ;  it  was  not  until  about  the  commencement  of  the 
present  century,  however,  that  what  may  be  called  race-courses 
proper  were  established  in  New  York ;  tlie  first  club  for  the 
promotion  of  the  breed  of  horses  by  means  of  racing,  taking  date 
from  1804,  in  which  year  the  old  Newmarket  course  was  re- 
modelled, and  regular  meetings  with  two  and  three-mile  heats 
were  established.* 

♦  See  Note  §  on  page  139. 


EARLY   EACES.  131 

Long  prior  to  this  time,  however,  the  improvement  of  the 
breed  of  horses  had  created  much  interest  in  that  State,  and  as 
early  as  1764  and  1765  two  celebrated  horses  were  imported — ■ 
Wildair,  by  Cade,  and  Lath,  by  Shepherd's  Crab — by  Col.  De- 
lancy,  of  King's  Bridge,  who  also  imported  the  Cub  mare,  dam  of 
Mr.  Gibson's  Cub  mare,  killed  on  the  course  at  Lancaster.  Both 
Wildair  and  Lath  greatly  distinguished  themselves  as  sires,  the 
former  was  esteemed  so  valuable,  that  he  was  re-imported  to 
England.  Another  horse"'-'  Sloven,  said  to  be  by  Cub,  is  stated 
by  Skinner  and  by  Edgar,  on  the  faith  of  a  pedigree  signed 
Jacob  Adlie,  to  have  been  imported  also  into  New  York  in 
about  1764 ;  he  is  not,  however,  to  be  found  in  the  British  stud- 
book,  Weatherby's  ;  and  I  am  not  aware  that  any  of  the  greater 
champions  of  the  American  turf  trace  their  descent  to  Sloven. 

Li  North  and  South  Carolina  racing  commenced  with  spirit, 
second,  if  second,  only  to  the  date  of  its  commencement  in  Yir- 
ginia  and  Maryland.  Flimnap,  Sweeper  and  Toby,  all  horses 
held  in  high  estimation  at  the  time,  were  imported  between  the 
years  1760  and  1770  ;  the  former  a  grandson  on  both  sides  of 
the  Godolphin  Arabian,  and  both  the  others  tracing  to  the  same 
great  progenitor,  and  to  other  ancestors  scarcely  of  inferior  note ; 
the  last  named  was  imported  by  Col.  Alston,  of  racing  celebrity 
in  South  Carolina. 

Into  Pennsylvania,  which  State  has  never  shone  particularly 
on  the  racing  turf,  were  brought  two  horses.  Gray  Northumber- 
land, also  called  L-ish  Gray,  said  to  have  been  bred  by  Lord 
Mazarine,  and  to  have  been  a  racer  in  high  form,  supposed 
imported  by  Mr.  Crow,  and,  about  the  same  time.  Old  England, 
pedigree  also  unknown,  but  supposed  begot  by  Old  England, 
son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian. 

To  these  must  be  given  the  credit  of  running  one  of  the  old- 
est great  American  time  races  on  record,  so  long  ago  as  1767, 
against  two  other  horses,  one  of  whom,  Selim,  it  is  not  easy  to 
identify,  on  account  of  there  appearing  to  have  been  three  of 
the  same  name,  covering  nearly  at  the  same  time.  I  presume 
he  was  the  son  of  the  imported  horse  Selim,  by  Othello,  grand- 
dam  the  large  Hartley  mare,  described  at  page  55*of  Edgar'a 
stud-book,  as  imported  in  his  mother's  belly  in  1753  ;  this  date 
*  See  Notes  *  and  f  on  page  148. 


132  THE   HOKSE. 

does  not,  however,  exactly  agree  witli  tlie  ages  of  the  horses  as 
recorded  below. 

In  Yolume  L,  jjage  17,  of  the  American  Turf  Register,  I  find 
the  following  highly  interesting  letter  ; 

Marietta,  June  26,  1836. 
"  Mr.  Editor, 

"  Si?', — According  to  promise,  you  have  an  account  of  the 
race  run  at  Philadelphia  in  the  year  1767,  by  Selim  and  other 
horses.  It  is  copied  from  the  Maryland  Gazette  of  Mr.  Green, 
October  22,  1767,  by  him  taken  from  a  Philadelphia  paper. 

"  '  On  Tuesday  last,  the  following  horses  started  for  the 
gentlemen's  subscription  purse  of  100  guineas. 

"  '  Salnuel  Galloway,  Esq.,  bay  horse  Selim  ...  11 

"  '  Mr.  Leary's  bay  horse  Old  England  .  .  .  .2  dist. 

"  '  Mr.  Samuel's  bay  horse  Granby  .  .  .  .  3  dr. 

*' '  Mr.  Andrew  Orr's  gray  horse  Northumberland       .  .  .       dist. 

"  '  Tlie  first  heat  was  run  in  8  min.  2  sec,  Selim  winning 
from  Old  England  by  a  single  length.  The  second,  after  run- 
ning three  times  round  close  at  the  heels  of  Selim,  Old  England 
flew  the  course.' 

"  The  standard  was  10  stone.  Selim  was  then  eight  years 
old  and  carried  140  lbs.  full  weight.  Old  England  and  North- 
umberland were  both  imported. 

"  It  is  believed  that  this  running  was  never  exceeded,  if 
equalled,  in- this  country.  To  form  a  correct  judgment  of  the 
speed  of  a  horse,  the  weight  carried  must  always  be  recollected. 
If,  as  the  old  and  experienced  sportsmen  say,  seven  pounds  are 
equal  to  a  distance,  wdiich  is  240  yards,  it  follows  that  fourteen 
pounds  will  make  the  difference  of  480  yards,  a  space  which 
would  consume  22  seconds  at  the  rate  of  running  at  Philadel- 
phia. Deduct  this  from  8  minutes  and  2  seconds  and  it  leaves 
7.30,  in  which  this  race  would  have  run  if  the  standard  had 
been  nine  stone,  126  lbs.  I  have  never  seen  an  account  of  a 
race  where  the  four  miles  were  run  in  7.30  minutes  in  the  United 
States. 

"Figure  beat  Selim  in  1768,  at  Upper  Marlborough,  but 
Selim  was  undoubtedly  in  bad  condition,  and  had  been  lately 
cured  of  distemper  in  the  throat.     He  was  certainly  a  capital 


SELIM   AND    SELIMA.  133 

racer.  I  saw  him  beat  the  celebrated  Silver  Legs  from  Virginia 
in  the  year  1772  at  Alexandria,  four  miles  and  repeat.  He  was 
then  thirteen  years  old  and  Silver  Legs  only  nine. 

"  With  respect  and  esteem, 

"  G.  Duval." 

Without  entering  here  into  a  consideration  of  the  effects  of 
weight  on  speed,  this  is  certainly  a  remarkable  performance ; 
but  what  is,  perhaps,  more  remarkable,  is  that  there  is  some 
considerable  difficulty  in  making  out  what  this  horse  Selim  can 
be,  unless,  perhaps,  it  be  Selim  by  imported  Othello,  dam  by 
imported  Jolly  Koger,  grand-dam  by  imported  Silver  Eye,  out 
of  an  imported  thoroughbred  mare. 

The  imported  horse  English  Selim  was  by  another  Othello, 
also  called  Black  and  all  Black ;  but  as  he  was  not  foaled 
until  1753-4,  it  is  hardly  probable  that  he  should  have  been 
a  foal-getter  so  early  as  1759,  unless  he  was  never  trained  at  all. 

It  is  not  stated  of  what  color  was  Selim  by  imported  Othello, 
but  the  two*  Selims  by  English  Selim  are  both  described  as 
bright  bay  horses.  In  the  English  stud-book,  is  a  Selim  by 
Bajazet  out  of  Miss  Thigh,  1760,  but  I  cannot  find  that  he  was 
ever  imported  to  America,  although  he  is  included  in  the  stud- 
book  attached  to  Mason's  Farrier,  no  authority  given. 

The  Granby  in  question,  I  presume  to  have  been  a  bay 
horse,  15  hands  1  inch  in  height,  foaled  in  1762,  by  the  imported 
Belsize  Arabian,  dam  by  old  Shock,  grand-dam  imported  mare 
by  Cade,  out  of  the  Hartley  mare,  who  covered  in  Philadelphia, 
in  the  year  following  the  race,  1768. 

If  not  this  horse — who  must,  if  it  be  he,  have  run  a  five-year- 
old  against  Selim  aged — it  must  have  been  Wildman's  Granby* 
by  Blank,  Old  Crab,  Cyprus  Arab,  Commoner,  Makeless,  Brim- 
mer, Dickey  Pierson,  Dodsworth  Barb,  Burton  Barb  Mare — 
who  was  foaled  in  1759,  and  would  have  consequently  been  eight 
years  old  in  the  year  of  this  race.  I  presume,  however,  it  is 
the  horse  first  named  who  ran  in  1767,  as  the  English  Granby 
one  would  have  expected  to  run  better,  unless  he  were  sadly 
degenerate  from  his  illustrious  ancestry. 

The  imported  horse  Selim*  is  said,  by  Edgar,  to  be  out  of  the 
beautiful  dark  chestnut  mare  imported  from  England,  and  called 
Selim — Selima  ? — who  brought  him  to  America  in  her  belly,  and 

*  See  Notes  :]:,  §,  and  ||  on  page  148. 


134  THE   HORSE. 

foaled  liim  in  1753 ;  -which  mare  was  by  the  Godolphin  Ara- 
bian out  of  the  large  Hartley  mare,  foaled  about  1736.  There  is 
evidently  much  confusion  and  difficnlty  in  all  this  matter.  First, 
it  appears  that  but  one  mare  named  Selima  has  been  imported 
to  America.  She,  got  by  the  Godolphin  Arab,  was  imported 
into  Maryland  by  Col.  Tasker  about  1750,  and,  as  I  have  al- 
ready recorded,  was  a  celebrated  winner  in  1752.  Therefore 
she  could  not  have  been  imported  in  1752,  with  Selim  in  her 
belly  ;  nor  have  foaled  him  in  1753. 

Again,  Col.  Tasker's  Selima*  is  not  described,  usually,  as 
out  of  the  large  Hartley  mare,  who  was  so  distinguished  a  pro- 
genitrix that  such  a  pedigree  would  never  have  been  overlooked 
if  it  could  have  been  made  good  ;  nor,  lastly,  does  it  appear 
from  the  English  stud-book,  which  contains  no  filly  Selima  of 
this  date,  that  the  large  Hartley  mare  ever  bore  a  chestnut  filly 
to  the  Godolphin  Arabian  ;  certainly  not  in  1736,  when  she 
brought  Hartley's  roan  stallion  to  Hip  ;  nor  any  chestnut  filly 
at  all  in  any  year  ;  nor  any  filly  to  the  Godolphin,  except  a  bay 
one  in  1746.  Furthermore,  in  the  stock  of  the  Godolphin,  re- 
corded at  length  in  White's  History  of  the  British  Turf,  there  is 
no  chestnut  filly  recorded  by  him  out  of  any  mare,  nor  any  filly 
out  of  either  of  the  Hartley  mares,  except  that  named  above, 
and  Merlin's  dam,  out  of  the  little  Hartley,  in  1739. 

I  conclude,  therefore,  that  there  is  some  bad  blunder  in  this 
pedigree  somewhere — the  rather,  that  after  stating  in  the  first 
line  that  he  was  a  dark  bay,  foaled  in  1753,  imported  in  his 
mother's  belly,  it  states  below  that  he  was  imported  in  1752, 
the  very  year  in  which  Selima  beat  Tryall,  and  Jenny  Cameron, 
and  that  he  was  a  capital  racer,  and  died  at  twenty-seven  years 
of  age. 

It  seems  to  me,  taking  every  thing  into  consideration,  that 
the  odds  are  that  all  the  four  horses  in  this  remarkable  race 
were  imported ;  though  if  it  be  so,  it  is  certainly  not  a  little 
remarkable  that  Mr.  Duvall,  in  his  letter  quoted  above,  should 
dwell  on  the  fact  that  the  beaten  horses  were  imported,  and 
make  no  comment  on  the  winner,  and  the  third  best  runner. 

By  the  account  of  the  race  given  above,  one  is  led  to  sup- 
pose that  in  this  year,  1767,  there  were  regular  meetings  at 
Philadelphia ;  as  the  term,  "  the  Gentlemen's  Stakes,"  of  one 

*  See  Note  ^f  on  page  148. 


ANTE-RE  VOLUTION  ART  CRACKS.  135 

liundred  Guineas,  with  a  standard  of  weights,  undoubtedly  savors 
of  established  proceedings  and  a  well  supported  race  course ; 
of  latter  years  there  has  been  no  course  for  running  horses  in 
the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  though  the  Hunting  Park  Course 
has  been  long  famous  for  its  trotting ;  and  while  there  have 
never,  I  believe,  been  any  distinguished  racing  stables  in  that 
State,  its  inhabitants  have  always  been  ardent  supporters  of 
trotting,  and  purchasers,  for  the  last  quarter  of  a  century,  of 
most  of  the  cracks  which  have  established  their  characters  on 
other  courses. 

To  return  to  the  Southern  States,  therefore,  in  which,  as  I 
have  observed,  racing  first  took  a  firm  root  among  the  agricul- 
tural gentry,  who,  in  whatever  climate  or  country,  are  always 
more  addicted  to  manly  and  exhilarating  exercises,  to  field 
sports,  and  to  the  encouragement  of  objects  not  merely  utili- 
tarian, than  the  dwellers  of  cities,  who  are  apt  to  regard  money 
as  the  only  true  and  legitimate  pursuit ;  we  find  that,  in  the 
States  named  above— of  Virginia,  Maryland,  and  South"  Caro- 
lina— many  racing  stables  were  established,  either  previous  or 
immediately  subsequent  to  the  Revolution,  not  a  few  of  which 
are  kept  up  by  the  descendants  of  the  original  foundei's  to  the 
present  day,  with  equal  spirit  and  success. 

In  Virginia,  Col,  John  Tayloe,  Messrs.  Hoomes,  Selden,  and 
Johnson ;  in  Maryland,  Governors  Ogle,  Eidgely,  Wright, 
Lloyd,  and  Sprigg,  who,  as  it  has  been  remarked,  seemed  by 
their  practice  to  acknowledge  that  the  keeping  up  of  a  racing 
stud  was  a  portion  of  their  gubernatorial  duty ;  and  in  South 
Carolina,  Messrs.  Hampton,  Washington,  McPherson,  Alston, 
and  Singleton,  were  as  early,  and  have  continued  to  be  as  con- 
sistent and  undeviating  patrons  of  the  American  turf,  as  have 
the  Queensburys,  Eutlands,  Wyndhams,Bentincks,  Fitzwilliams, 
and  other  equally  renowned  turf  names,  been  supporters  of  this 
noble  sport  on  the  old  English  greensward. 

From  so  early  a  date  as  that  of  the  ante-revolutionary  cracks 
and  champions,  such  as  Celer,  Traveller,  Torick,  Tryall,  Ariel, 
Partner,  Marc  Antony,  Eegulus,  Flag  of  Truce,  Goode's  Brim- 
mer, Butler's  Virginia  I^ell,  Bel  Air,  Calypso,  Gray  Diomed, 
Cincinnatus,  Virago,  Shark,  Black  Maria,  by  Shark,  Leviathan, 
Gallatin,  Fairy,  Cup-bearer,  Collector,  Amanda,  Ball's  Florizel, 


136  THE   HOESE. 

Post  Boy,  Oscar,  Hickory,  Maid  of  the  Oaks,  Bond's  First  Con- 
sul, Sir  Archy,  Potomac,  Pacolet,  Duroc,  Hampton,  Tnckahoe, 
and  others,  the  names  of  which  alone  would  fill  a  volume,  we 
can  easily  bring  down  in  these  States — and  the  others  colonized 
from  them,  both  with  men  and  horses,  sucli  as  Kentucky,  Ten- 
nessee, and  more  recently  Alabama — one  uninterrupted  and 
stainless  succession  of  noble  racers,  to  the  day  when  the  de- 
scendants of  Sir  Archy,  that  veritable  Godolphin  Arabian  of 
the  turf  of  America,  began  to  show  upon  the  course  ;  and  when 
the  renown  of  American  Eclipse  began  to  call  the  attention  of 
the  whole  world,  and  of  the  mother  country,  most  of  all,  whence 
was  derived  that  transcendent  stock,  which  in  all  other  coun- 
tries has  degenerated,  but  in  this  has  continued  to  rival  the 
honors  of  its  remotest  ancestry  by  the  performance  of  American 
race-horses. 

The  English  sires  most  renowned  in  post-revolutionary  days, 
until  we  come  down  to  the  present  day  of  the  Leviathans,  Sar- 
pedon's,  Trustees,  Priams,  and  G-lencoes,  have  been — 

1st.  Medley — Imported  into  Yirginia  in  1783,  by  Gimcrack, 
dam  Arminda  by  Snap,  out  of  Miss  Cleveland  by  Eegulus  ; 
g.  gr.  dam  Midge,  by  a  son  of  Bay  Bolton  ;  g.  g.  gr.  dam,  by 
Bartlett's  Childers ;  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam,  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ; 
g.  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam,  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues.  Gimcrack 
was  by  Cripple,  out  of  Miss  Elliott,  by  Grisewood's  Partner, 
gr.  dam  Celia  by  Partner,  g.  gr.  dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks,  g.  g. 
gr.  dam  by  Greyhound,  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam  Brocklesby  Betty. 

Cripple  was  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  out  of  Blossom  by 
Crab,  gr.  dam  by  Childers,  out  of  Miss  Belvoir,  by  Grantham. 

Medley  was  one  of  the  best  sires  ever  imported  into  Amer- 
ica. He  got  Atalanta,  Bel  Air,  Boxer,  Calypso,  Gray  Diomed, 
Gray  Medley,  Lamplighter,  the  Opossum  Filly,  Pandora,  Quick- 
silver, Yirginia,  and  others — racers  in  a  high  form,  and  them- 
selves the  getters  of  racers. 

2nd.  Shake — Foaled  in  17Y1,  and  imported  into  Yirginia, 
by  Marske,  out  of  the  Snap  mare,  gr.  dam  Wag's  dam,  by  Marl- 
borough, out  of  a  natural  Barb  mare. 

Marske,  sire  of  Eclipse,  was  by  Squirt,  dam  by  Hutton's 
Blacklegs,  2d  dam  by  Bay  Bolton,  3d  dam  by  Foxcub,  4th  dam 
bv  Coneyskins,  5th  dam  by  Hutton's  Gray  Barb. 


DIOMED   AND   HIS    GET,  137 

Squirt  was  by  Bartlett's  Cbilders,  dam  by  Snake,  gr.  dam 
Grey  Wilkes  by  Hautboy.  Marlborougb  was  by  the  Godolpbin 
Arabian,  dam  large  Hartley  mare. 

Shark's  most  distinguished  progeny  are  :  Americus,  Annette, 
Black  Maria,  dam  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  Opossum,  Shark,  Virago, 
and  many  others. 

3d.  DioMED — Foaled  in  1777.  Imported  into  Yirginia  1798. 
He  was  by  Florizel,  dam  by  Spectator,  gr.  dam  by  Blank,  g.  gr. 
dam  by  Childers,  g.  g.  gr.  dam  Miss  Belvoir,  by  Grey  Grantham. 

Florizel  was  by  Herod,  dam  by  Cygnet,  gr.  dam  Cartouch, 
g.  gr.  dam  Ebony,  by  Childers,  g.  g.  gr.  dam  old  Ebony  by  Basto. 

Herod  was  by  Tartar,  out  of  Cyj)ron,  by  Blaze,  out  of  Se- 
lima,  &c.,  &c. — See  table  of  Genealogy^  No.  2. 

Diomed  is  probably  the  greatest  sire  of  the  greatest  winner- 
getters  ever  brought  into  this  country.  Had  he  got  none  but 
Sir  Archy,  out  of  imported  Castianira,*  who  brought  him  to 
America  in  her  belly — that  renown  alone  would  have  been 
more  than  enough  ;  for  scarce  a  recent  horse  in  England,  unless 
it  be  PotSo's,  has  so  distinguished  himself  as  a  progenitor. 

He  begot ;  Bolivar,  Diana,  Dinwiddle,  Duroc,  Florizel,  Gal- 
latin, Gracchus,  Hamlintonian,  Hampton,  Hornet,  King  Herod, 
Lady  Chesterfield,  Madison,  Marske,  Nettle-top,  Peace-maker, 
Potomac,  Primrose,  Sir  Archy,  Top-gallant,  Truxton,  Yirginius, 
Wonder,  and  many  others.  Most  of  the  horses  named  above 
were  the  greatest  runners  of  their  day,  and  the  getters  of  the 
greatest  racers  and  sires  to  the  present  time.  Boston,  probably 
the  very  best  horse  that  ever  ran  on  American  soil,  was  by 
Timoleon,  grandson  of  Sir  Archy,  the  best  son  of  Diomed  ; 
while  Fashion,  the  very  best  mare  that  ever  ran  on  this  side 
the  water,  by  her  dam,  Boniiets  of  Blue,  daughter  of  Keality, 
was  great-granddaughter  of  that  same  noble  stallion  ;  and  by 
her  grandsire  Sir  Charles,  sire  of  Bonnets  and  son  of  Sir  Archy, 
was  also  his  great-granddaughter,  a  second  time,  in  the  mater- 
nal line. 

4:th.  Gabbeiel — Foaled  1790,  imported  into  Yirginia,  was 
got  by  Dorimant,  dam  by  Highflyer,  gr.  dam  Snap  mare,  g.  gr. 
dam  by  Shepherd's  Crab,  g.  g.  gr.  dam  Miss  Meredith  by  Cade, 
g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam  Little  Hartley  mare. 

Dorimant  was  by  Otho,  dam  Babraham  mare,  gr.  dam  Chiddy, 
*  See  Note  **  on  page  148. 


138  .  THE   HOKSE. 

by  Hampton  Court  Childers,  out  of  the  Duke  of  Somerset's  Bald 
Charlotte. 

Otho  was  by  Moses,  dam  Miss  Yernon  by  Cade,  gr.  dam  b} 
Partner,  g.  gr.  dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks,  g.  g.  gr.  dam  bj 
Greyhound,  g,  g.  g.  gr.  dam  by  Makeless,  g.  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam  by 
Brimmer,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk,  g.  g.  g.  g. 
g.  g.  gr.  dam  by  Dodsworth,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam  Layton's 
violet  Barb  mare. 

Moses  was  by  the  Chedworth  Foxhunter,  dam  by  the  Port- 
land Arabian,  gr.  dam,  the  dam  of  the  Duke  of  Bridge  water's 
Star,  she  by  Eichard's  Arabian. 

Gabriel  was  brought  into  Virginia,  and  became,  like  the 
preceding  horses,  very  famous  for  the  splendor  of  his  get  and 
their  great  performances. 

He  got  Oscar,  Post  Boy,  and  others.  The  former  of  whom, 
dam  by  imp.  Medley,  bred  by  General  Tayloe,  is  his  most  cele- 
brated son.  He  was  a  good  runner,  and  his  blood  tells  in  many 
of  our  best  modern  stallions  and  mares,  especially  in  the  South- 
ern States. 

5th.  Bedford — Foaled  in  1Y92,  imported  into  Yirginia.  He 
was  got  by  Dungannon,  dam  Fairy,  by  Highflyer,  gr.  dam  Fairy 
Queen  by  Young  Cade,  g.  gr.  dam  Routh's  Black  Eyes  by  Crab, 
g.  g.  gr.  dam  the  Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake,  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam 
Sister  to  the  Carlisle  Gelding  by  Bald  Galloway,  g.  g.  g.  g.  gr. 
dam  Wharton  Mare  by  Lord  Carlisle's  Turk,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  gr. 
dam  by  Bald  Galloway,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam  by  Byerly  Turk. 
Dungannon  was  by  Eclipse  ont  of  Aspasia,  by  Herod,  gr. 
dam  Doris  by  Blank,  g.  gr.  dam  Helen  by  Spectator,  g.  g.  gr. 
dam  Daplme  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  g,  g.  g.  gr.  dam  by 
Fox,  g.  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam  by  Childers,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam  by 
Makeless,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam.  Sister  to  Honeycomb  Punch, 
by  the  Taffolet  Barb. 

The  year  of  Bedford's  importation  is  not  exactly  known. 
He  was  a  great  stallion,  and  there  is  hardly  a  family  of  liorses 
in  the  Southern  States  which  do  not  in  some  degree,  more  or 
less,  partake  of  his  blood.  He  was  a  singularly  formed  horse — • 
a  rich  bay — with  a  peculiar  elevation  on  his  rump,  amounting 
in  appearance  to  an  unsightliness,  if  not  to  an  absolute  deform- 
ity.    This  mark,  known  as  the  Bedford  Hump,  he  has  transmit- 


BEDFORD   AND   HIS    GEl.  139 

ted  to  his  posterity,  and,  whatever  may  have  been  the  original 
opinion  as  to  its  beauty,  it  has  been  worn  by  so  many  celebrated 
winners,  that  it  has  come  of  late  to  be  regarded  as  a  fore- 
shadowing of  excellence,  rather  than  a  deformity.  It  has  been 
worn  by  Eclipse,  Black  Maria,  her  brother.  Shark,  Boston,  Ar- 
gyle,  and  many  other  horses  of  great  note. 

Bedford  got ;  ^olus,  Cup-Bearer,  Fairy,  Lady  Bedford,  Lot- 
tery, Nancy  Air,  Shylock,  and  others  not  inferior  in  repute. 

On  the  first  settlement  of  Tennessee,  previous  to  its  admission 
as  a  State  into  the  Union,  the  early  settlers  began  taking  with 
them  excellent  stock  from  Virginia  and  Maryland,  and  the  blood 
of  Janus,  Jolly  Roger,  Morton's  Traveller,  Pacolet,  and  other 
worthies  of  the  olden  times,  still  percolates  in  rich  luxuriance 
through  the  veins  of  their  noble  steeds.  It  has  been  always  a 
gallant  and  a  sporting  State  ;  and  I  feel  proud  and  happy — the 
rather  that  the  history  of  the  blood  stock  of  Tennessee  and  of 
the  neighboring  State  of  Kentucky  is  nearly  identical — to  be 
allowed  the  opportunity  of  presenting  to  my  readers  a  most 
valuable  memoir  of  the  blood  of  its  best  equine  families,  con- 
siderately and  kindly  compiled  for  me  from  his  own  memoranda 
of  old  times,  and  from  personal  recollection  of  events,  even 
before  General  Jackson  and  his  contemporaries  were  on  the 
turf,  by  a  veteran  turfman  and  a  hereditary  breeder,  Mr.  Wil- 
liam Williams — to  whom  I  take  this  occasion  of  tendering  my 
most  grateful  and  respectful  thanks. 


EDITORIAL   yOTES. 

*  (P.  126.)  Spark,  by  Honeycomb  Punch  out  of  Wilkes'  Old  Hautboy  mare,  can 
be  found  in  the  English  Stud-Book,  Vol.  I.,  page  431,  and  in  Bruce  Stud-Book,  Vol. 
I.,  page  51.  The  pedigree,  as  given  by  Skinner,  cannot  be  found  in  the  English 
Stud-Book. 

f  (P.  127.)  Certificate  of  Colonel  Tayloe,  given  in  1773,  makes  Jenny  Cameron 
by  Cuddy  (son  of  Fox)  out  of  Mr.  Willy's  famous  mare  Cabbagewise  ;  neither  can 
be  substantiated  in  English  Stud-Book. 

j^  (P.  128.)  Various  conjectures  have  arisen  respecting  the  true  pedigree  of 
Morton's  Traveller.  His  dam  had  colt  foals  by  Partner  in  1734,  '37,  '40,  '43,  '45, 
'46,  and  '47.  She  missed  to  Partner  in  1742  and  1748.  The  pedigree  is  correct. 
See  Bruce  Stud-Book,  Vol.  I.,  page  56. 

§  (P.  130.)  A  race-course  was  established  at  Charleston,  S.  C,  in  1735,  called  the 
York  Course,  over  which  horses  ran.     Some  of  the  premiums  were  valued  at  £140. 


140  THE  HORSE. 


HISTORY 

OF    THE    BLOOD-HORSE    IN    TENNESSEE. 

Poplar  Grotk,  near  Nashtille,  Tenn.  ) 
March  20th,  1856.      ) 

Sir  ; — 1  liad  written  to  General  Harding,  in  answer  to  his, 
enclosing  jonr  circular ;  and  in  answer  to  yours  to  me,  refer  to 
my  old  memoranda,  and  make  some  additions. 

The  first  settlers  brought  here  some  of  their  best  stock  from 
Virginia  and  the  Carolinas  ;  and  Maclin  had,  as  I  am  informed, 
some  Mexican  mares,  of  the  Spanish  or  Barb  breed. 

The  early  stallions,  here,  of  the  Janus  family,  were — Jupiter, 
said  to  be  a  son, — Cross's  ;  Comet,  Lewis's,  son  of  Harry  Hill's 
Janus,  and  said  to  have  a  Marc  Antony  and  Jolly  Roger  cross ; 
Sterne,  Blakemore's  ;  and  Bowie's  horse,  who  took  his  owner's 
name,  jn'onounced  Biu-ey.  His  colts  are  said  to  have  been  un- 
equalled as  quarter-horses.  Bom^^ard,  by  Obscurity,  imported, 
dam  by  Baylor's  Fearnought ;  Phoenix,  by  Yenetian,  imj).  dam 
Zenobia  by  Don  Carlos,  from  Maryland.  Of  the  Fearnought 
family — ^Eclipse,  by  Yirginia  Eclipse,  presumed  Harris's — B. 
Bosley  ;  "VVildair,  son  of  Symme's  AVildair — Weakley's,  out  of 
a  Fearnought ;  and  Bucephalus  of  a  later  period — Col.  E.  Ward. 
Of  the  Medley  family — Fitz  Medley,  who  covered  for  a  season 
or  two,  and  died  in  1803-4  at  I.  Hooper's.  Thus  far  from  such 
information  as  I  credited.  About  1800,  Gray  Medley  was  in 
Sumner,  Dr.  Barry's — bred  by  Gov.  Williams,  ISTorth  Carolina — 
reputed  high-bred,  and  was  very  game  in  appearance.  He  lived 
to  old  age,  and  did  good  service  ;  Cook's  Bel  Air,  by  Tayloe's 


TENNESSEEAN   BLOOD-HORSES.  141 

Bel  Air,  dam  hy  Hickman's  Independence  ;  and  Hal  cot's  Bay. 
Of  the  Celer  family — McKinney's  Roan,  as  I  am  informed,  at 
,R.  C.  Foster's,  about  1805  ;  and  Celer,  J.  ThomjDson's,  out  of  a 
Bel  Air  and  Wildair,  1806.     Coeur-de-Lion  and  Eoyalist,  of  tlie 
most  approved  English  breeds,  were  here,  and  did  good  service ; 
the  first  died,  ours,  autumn  1809 — the  last,  spring  1814,  Hal. 
Cook's.     He  was  imported  to  New  York,  sold  to  Kentucky, 
brought  here  by  Weakley  &  Co.,  probably  sent  South  a  season 
or  two,  and  brought  back  by  Cook.     Truxton,   one  of  imj). 
Diomed's  best,  was  raised  here  by  Gen.  JacksoD,  then  covered 
many  seasons,  and  sent  South,  1808.     Wonder — Wilkes' — an- 
other of  Diomed's  best,  here,  alternately  in  Sumner  and  Wil- 
liamson.    He  got  Oscar,  a  capital  racer  and  very  good  stallion, 
and  died  on  the  road,  of  colic,  February  1815.     Oscar  was  bred 
by  Parson  H.  Saunders,  out  of  Rosy  Clack,  by  Saltram  ;  brought 
on  the  turf  by  Dr.  Sappington,  beat  all  competitors  with  ease, 
put  to  covering  several  seasons,  sold  to  Gen.  Desha,  and  died, 
his,  November  1825.     Dungannon  in  Sumner,  and  Yolunteer 
in  Rutherford,  said  to  be  imported  when  colts.     I  can't  fix  the 
date.     The  first  got  some  good  stock.     Brian  O'Liun,  1811-12, 
at  J.  Shute's.     He  was  very  pretty — got  Stump  the  Dealer. 
Dragon,  of  great  celebrity  in  England,  at  Foster's,  1811-12,  and 
died,  as  I  was  informed,  of  a  thigh  broken  by  a  kick  ;  got  some 
good  stock.     Tup,  also  at  Foster's — whether  before  or  after,  I 
can't  say.     He  was  by  Javelin,  and  of  good  action,  but  blind, 
and  not  much  patronized.     Collector,   a  season  or  two,  and 
though  old,  left  some  stock,  and  died  of  a  fall  on  the  ice,  winter 
1814.     He  was  by  Mark  Antony  out  of  Lady-legs,  a  most  capi- 
tal racer,  and  got  Snap-Dragon.     Boaster,  imj).,  two  or  three 
seasons — ^fine  coat  and  good  form — and  died  1819, 1  think,  at  J. 
Harding's.     Pacolet — a  gray,  and  very  beautiful — got  by  Citi- 
zen, imp.,  out  of  Epp's  mare,  dam  of  Wonder,  was  brought 
here  to  beat  Maria — Hayne's.     He  did  not  do  that,  nor  would 
any  other  horse,  brought  here,  have  done  it,  for  she  had  beaten, 
with  ease,  all  rivals,  and  was  by  Diomed,  imp. ;  her  dam  a  very 
high-formed  mare  by  Bel  Air.     He  was  then  advertised  by  J. 
Jackson  and  T.  Chiklers,  and  under  the  immediate  supervision 
of  J.  W.  Clay,  after  some  years,  sent  South  ;  where  his  sons, 
Brushy-mountain,  out  of  a  Wonder,  and  Cumberland,  out  of 


142  THE   HOKSE. 

Jackson's  Daredevil  mare,  distinguished  themselves.  Col.  Elliott 
brought  him  back  to  Sumner,  where  he  stood  until  his  death, 
October,  1825.  He  got  also — Murphy's  Pacolet,  out  of  a  Coeur-, 
de-Lion,  Jerry,  and  the  very  distinguished  Morgiana,  out  of 
Black  Sophia,  by  Top-gallant,  son  of  Gallatin,  "Williamson's 
Pacolet,  Massena,  out  of  a  Ragland  Diomed,  and  the  brothers, 
Messieurs  Tonson,  Sir  Richard,  Henry,  and  Champion,  out  of  tlie 
line  of  Boswell  Johnson's  mare,  Yirginia-bred,  and  stated  by  him 
to  be  full-bred.  Tonson  beat  every  thing  here  of  his  day,  and 
afterward  beat,  at  Boydton,  the  celebrated  Sally  Walker,  against 
all  Col.  W.  R.  Johnson's  skill  and  management.  Richard  was 
the  most  beautiful  horse  that  could  be  led  on  a  show  ground, 
and  a  good  racer  at  light  weight,  and  very  game,  but  rather 
delicate.  The  two  last  were  colts  of  form  and  substance,  but 
not  so  good  or  so  fortunate  as  their  elder  brothers.  Pacolet 
died  at  Col.  Elliott's  stables,  October,  1825.  Suwarrow,  from 
Kentucky,  with,  or  a  little  before,  Pacolet — ^pretty  and  higli 
bred — and  Barksdale's  Gray  Diomed,  in  very  good  form  ;  Sec- 
ond Diomed,  also  fine  ;  Eagland's  Diomed,  Constitution  and 
Diomedon,  and  another  Wonder — Hix's — in  Williamson,  and 
others  of  less  note.  Contemporary  with  these,  was  Bagdad, 
sold  by  the  Minister  to  England  from  Tripoli  to  George  Bar- 
clay ;  exported  to  New  York,  and  brought  here  in  1823,  witli  a 
certificate,  in  the  French  language,  asserting  his  pure  Arabian 
blood  ;  died  February,  1836,  and  left  some  good  stock,  more 
remarkable  for  speed  than  bottom.  Contemporary  with  him, 
of  the  Sir  Archy  stock,  stood,  at  Sumner's,  Gray  Archy,  Timo- 
leon,  and  Pacific  ;  at  Col.  Elliott's,  Napoleon ;  and  at  Parson 
Cryer's,  Stockholder  and  Crusader ;  Rattler  in  Rutherford ; 
Contention  in  Williamson  ;  Sir  William  and  Arab  I  saw,  in 
Nashville,  but  have  no  memoranda  to  show  where  they  were 
stationed  ;  and  Carolinian,  one  season  at  Nashville,  with  others 
of  less  distinction.  Stockholder  and  Pacific  were,  I  think,  the 
favorites.  The  first  got  Betsy  Malone,  and  others  I  can't  name  ; 
the  last  got  Red-doe,  Pactolus,  &c.,  for  Sumner ;  and  he  got, 
for  Gen.  Harding,  the  very  distinguished  mare  Gamma,  in  very 
high  form,  and  her  brother,  Epsilon,  thought  to  be  better  ;  but 
meeting  with  an  accident  in  a  private  trial,  he  was  put  to  cover- 
ing, and  is  producing  good  runners.     Indeed,  in  him  the  beauty 


THE   TONSON   FAMILY.  143 

of  Richard  and  the  strength  of  Pacific  are  combined  in  an  emi- 
nent degree.  The  Sir  Archy's  bring  me  down  to  the  later  im- 
portations, and  as  Gen.  Harding  is  more  conversant  with  them, 
I  will  close  with  the  remark,  that  Leviathan,  imp.  by  J.  Jack- 
son, has  got  more  first-rate  racers  than  any  other  horse  since 
Sir  Archy ;  that  Glencoe,  not  often,  but  sometimes,  when  the 
cross  hits,  gets  a  capital  racer,  especially  at  long  distances, 
and  that  Priam,  of  Merritt  &  Co.'s  importation,  was  the  most 
superb  large  horse  I  ever  saw.  Citizen,  imp.  to  Kortli  Carolina 
by  Gen  Carney,  had  more  accurate  proportions  and  higliei 
finish — a  more  game  Arabian  look  and  carriage,  than  any  native 
or  imported  that  I  ever  had  the  pleasure  to  look  upon.  Pacolet 
had  the  Arabian  air,  but  wanted  something  of  his  sire's  finish 
in  the  shoulder.  Yet  his  proud  and  lofty  bearing  sustained  him 
in  competition  with  the  best  English  horses  here  of  his  day — ■ 
viz ;  Boaster,  fine  ;  Eagle,  1821-2,  large  and  grand — and  the 
very  best  Yirginia-breds.  He  imparted  symmetry,  and  finish, 
and  game,  and  fine  temper  to  his  stock.  Pacific,  got  also  John 
Dawson,  his  dam  by  Gray  Archy,  gr.  dam  sister  to  Brushy 
Mountain.  He  was  a  superb,  large  horse,  and  a  good  runner, 
and  splendid  on  parade. 

N.  Swiss  was  one  season  at  Sumner's  with  Pacific,  and 
O'Kelly  was  in  l^ashville,  about  1835.  Most  probably  there 
were  others,  not  found  in  this  communication,  that  have  been 
here  or  in  adjoining  counties,  that  have  had  some  infiuence. 
Conqueror,  fine  and  well-bred,  here  and  in  Williamson,  ought 
not  to  be  omitted,  though  I  can't  fix  the  time.  Bluster,  im- 
ported, here  1826,  in  Williamson  1827-8,  and  died  there  after 
the  season.  Yours,  &c., 

Will.  Williams. 


Poplar  Grote,  near  Nashtille,  Tenn. 
March  25,  1856. 


\ 

Sir  ; — On  reading  over  the  above,  I  observe  that  what  I 
have  said  seems  to  assert  the  Tonson  family  were  out  of  Boswell 
Johnson's  Yirginia-bred,  when  I  meant  they  were  traced  to  her. 
Tlie  pedigree — b.  c.  Sir  John,  got  by  Pacolet,  dam  b.  by  Top- 
gallant, gr.  dam  ch.  ro.,  or  gray,  by  Gray  Medley  out  of  John- 
son's Yirginia-bred,  stated  by  him  to  be  a  full-bred  mare.  Bos- 
well, if  I  mistake  not  the   name,  was  brother  to  Chapman 


144:  THE   HORSE. 

Johnson,  and  a  man  of  intelligence  ana  respectability.  Elliott 
used  to  say  the  Gray  Medley  mare  was  a  sort  of  milk  and  cider 
color.  Cryer  bought  either  her  or  the  Top  filly  at  Johnson's 
sale.  Foxall,  an  Englishman,  and,  I  am  inclined  to  think,  a 
Yorkshireman,  married  Cryer's  widow,  and  brought  Sir  John 
Richard  on  the  turf,  with  the  aid  of  Elliott  and  "Williams. 
When  Sir  John  became  a  winner,  his  name  was  changed  to 
Monsieur  Tonson,  and  his  dam  took  the  name  of  Madame  Ton- 
son,  Top-gallant  was  a  very  fine  horse,  bred  in  Georgia.  His 
pedigree  runs — Got  by  Gallatin,  dam  by  Wildair,  Black  and  all 
Black.  By  "Wildair  we  of  the  South  and  South-west  mean  the 
son  of  Fearnought  out  of  Kitty  Fisher,  Col.  Symmes'  horse, 
and  not  the  Maryland  Wildair,  Sims'  horse,  son  of  Delancy's 
imp.  Wildair.  By  Black  and  all  Black,  was  probably  meant 
Skipwith's  horse,  son  of  imp.  Brunswick.  As  to  Brimmer,  my 
father  bought  Eclipse,  about  the  close  of  the  Revolution,  of  Col. 
Harris,  and  he  stated  that  Eclipse  was  the  sire  of  Col.  Goode's 
Brimmer,  confirmed  by  a  circumstantial  statement  in  one  vol- 
ume of  the  American  Turf  Register,  though  it  is  briefly  stated, ' 
in  another  volume,  that  Brimmer  was  by  Yaliant.  Having 
thus  rectified  and  explained — I  have  learned  from  Dr.  Robert- 
son that  his  father,  the  old  General,  brought  here  the  first 
thoroughbred — he  Ihinks  called  Why-not — from  Maryland  ;  my 
note  says — by  Fearnought,  dam  by  Othello,  about  1788.  He 
says  his  father  and  others,  then  and  afterward,  had  many 
Spanish  mares.  Add  to  my  preceding  list,  about  1815-16 — 
Highlander  imp,,  a  finely  formed  white,  small,  but  excejjt  a 
bad  ear,  well-finished ;  and  Cliilders,  a  gray,  imp. — neither 
much  patronized- -and  Doublehead,  b.  by  Diomed,  his  dam. 
Major  Park  said,  was  a  Fearnought  and  Janus.  Park  bought 
the  Bel  Air  mare,  dam  of  Hayne's  Maria,  to  breed  to  him,  and 
I  sold  him  the  Wildair  mare,  dam  of  Orion  by  Stirling,  for  the 
same  purpose.  After  all,  I  may  have  forgotten,  or  never  known, 
some  good  stallions  in  middle  Tennessee. 

If  your  object  be  a  general  stud-book  and  sporting  maga- 
zine, then  permit  me  to  say,  that  Jolly  Roger — Roger  of  the 
Vale,  in  England,  imp.  to  Yirginia  in  1748 — according  to  the 
opinion  of  men  conversant  in  such  matters,  was  distinguished 
among  the  early  importations  ;  that  Janus,  ch.  by  Janus,  Old 


DISTINGUISHED    STALLIOXS.  145 

Fox,  Bald  Galloway,  produced  the  fleetest,  then  and  since 
known,  as  qnarter-liorses — quarter-mile  racers.  In  my  early  boy- 
hood, I  saw,  at  Col.  John  Dawson's,  Fabricius,  a  brown,  by  old 
Janus,  dam  by  Partner,  Jolly  Eoger,  Mary  Gray — very  line. 
A  little  later,  I  saw  old  Mark  Antony  in  the  stable  of  Peter 
Morgan,  sheriff  of  Halifax  County,  N.  C.  He  was  very  dark 
brown,  almost  a  black,  the  bay  color  visible  on  the  muzzle  and 
flank.  I  do  not  know  that  I  ever  saw  a  horse  in  higher  form, 
except,  perhaps.  Citizen.  Mark  greatly  improved  the  stock. 
And  old  Fearnought  and  his  sons,  and  Mark  Antony,  brought 
the  turf  horse  to  a  high  state  of  perfection.  Brimmer  and  Col- 
lector, with  as  good  training,  Avere,  perhaps,  equal  to  the  good 
ones  of  the  present  day.  Shark  and  Medley  then  came  along, 
both  capital,  and  both  produced  game  stock.  About  1790  to 
1794,  I  frequently  saw  Celer,  by  Janus,  dam  Mead's  Aristotle 
mare.  He  was  highly  finished,  and  gave  both  speed  and  bot- 
tom. Bel  Air  and  Gray  Diomed,  I  saw  early  in  the  present 
century ;  both  very  fine,  and  left  good  stock.  Then  old  ch. 
Diomed,  who  had  no  equal,  nor  any  thing  like  a  parallel,  for 
the  number  and  excellence  of  his  sons,  since  Fearnought.  Con- 
temporary and  Bedford  got  good  stock  at  light  weights,  espe- 
cially Gallatin,  &c.  And  Spread  Eagle,  good,  especially  at 
high  weights,  got  Maid  of  the  Oaks,  &c.  Then  Citizen,  im- 
ported 1803,  about  18  yrs.  old — as  elastic  and  lively  as  a  colt, 
and  approaching  perfection  nearer  than  any  horse  I  ever  saw — 
did  good  service,  and  his  descendants,  especially  Pacolet  and 
his  stock,  were,  and  yet  are,  held  in  high  estimation  for  beauty, 
finish,  and  game.  Sir  Archy  was  foaled  in  1805,  and  died,  as  I 
have  understood,  27  yrs.  old  ;  some  make  him  equal  to  his  sire, 
and  other  sportsmen  and  breeders  give  him  the  preference.  Of 
the  modern  importations,  I  will  only  say  :  Leviathan  stands 
next  to  Sir  Archy  ;  that  Glencoe  gets  some  very  superior  racers, 
especially  at  long  distances  ;  and  that  Priam  w^as  a  j^rince 
among  the  chiefest. 

Of  the  trotters  I  say  nothing.  Of  the  rackers  I  say  that 
Tliomas  E.  Tumner,  of  Warren,  IST.  C,  about  1790,  imported 
from  Karragansett  Bay,  a  light  ch.  in  color  and  form,  called 
Free  and  Easy,  and  as  was  his  name  so  was  his  pace.  His  like 
I  have  not  since  seen.  His  owner,  in  a  ride  from  Halifax  to 
Vol.  I.— 10 


146  THE   HORSE. 

"Warrenton,  after  tlio  season,  permitted  him  to  go  too  freely,  and 
he  died  in  consequence.  Afterward  Ranger,  dark  cli.,  and  of 
good  substance,  was  brought  from  tlie  same  district  of  country, 
by  Sam.  Williams,  I  think,  of  Warren.  Here  I  shall  name  only 
old  Copper-bottom  ;  he  was  a  cli.  ro.,  brought  hither,  old,  from 
Kentucky,  stood  three  seasons,  and  died  about  1846.  His  sire 
or  grand-sire  is  said  to  have  been  a  Canadian,  and  his  dam  well- 
bred.     They,  his  colts,  commanded  high  prices  for  the  saddle. 

Pedigrees  in  the  South,  j^i'ior  to  the  issuing  of  the  Turf 
Register,  depended  on  manuscripts  or  memory,  and  thence  fol- 
lowed transpositions  and  sometimes  errors.  Timoleon,  one  of 
Sir  Archy's  best,  was  a  horse  of  great  size,  correct  proportions 
and  finish,  good  even  to  the  hoofs,  without  apparent  adulter- 
ation— dam  by  Saltram,  imp. ;  "Wildair,  Symmes'  ;  Fellow,  imp. ; 
Driver  ;  Yampire,  imp.  There  are  many  Drivers,  and  we  are 
not  informed  which  ;  and  as  to  Fellow,  he  has  been  said  to  have 
been  a  cart-horse,  imported  to  South  Carolina.  According  to 
Lawrence,  no  three  parts  bred,  was  ever  known  to  go  the  dis- 
tance •,  and,  as  I  believe  with  him,  that  full-blood,  at  least,  is 
necessary  to  enable  a  horse  to  go  the  distance  in  competition 
with  those  purely  bred,  therefore,  I  have  supposed  Fallow  to  be 
a  misprint,  for  Fellow,  by  Cade,  foaled  in  1757,  and  said  to  have 
been  imported  ;  Vampire,  foaled  the  same  year.  Of  Stockhold- 
er's- pedigree,  we  have  had  several  versions  ;  the  last  edition 
says — got  by  Sir  Archy,  dam  by  Citizen,  imp. ;  Stirling,  imp. ; 
Mousetrap — said  to  be  English  Jack  Rap,  imp.  ;  Eclipse  ;  Fear- 
nought, imp.  ;  Apollo  ;  Janus,  imp.  ;  Partner — Moore's — imp.  , 
Silver  Eye,  imp.  ;  Jolly  Roger,  imp.,  out  of  Mary  Gray,  imp. 
It  may  be  true  to  Fearnought,  and  it  is  j^robalile  that  Partner, 
was  not  Moore's,  but  the  son  of  Traveller  out  of  Selima,  or 
Janus,  or  Silver  Eye,  or  possibly  two  of  those  may  stand  before 
Jolly  Roger  in  the  pedigree,  and  close  with  Mary  Gray.  She 
is  said  to  have  been  foaled  1742-4  by  Roundhead  out  of  Ring- 
bone, and  to  have  brought  several  fillies  to  Jolly  Roger. 
Moore's  Partner  was  probably  bred  between  1774  and  1776. 
Grizewood's  in  1731.  As  to  Silver  Eye,  I  can  neither  find  him 
in  Weatherby  nor  Pick.  I  think,  in  the  American  Turf  Kegis* 
ter,  he  is  said  to  be  by  the  Cullen  Arabian.* 

*  See  Note  f  f  on  page  148. 


OBITUAKT    OF    STALLIONS. 


147 


OBITUARIES. 


Ch.  Janus,  imp.,  died  about    . 

Fearnought,  b.,  imp.,  died  about 

Eclipse,  native,  b.,  died  about 

Oeler,  native,  ch.      "         " 

Hark  Antony,  br.,    "         " 

Shark,  imp.,  br.,       "         " 

Medley,  gr.,  imp.,     "         "    . 

Spread  Eagle,  b.,  imp.,      " 

Gray  Diomed  "         "    . 

Messenger,  gr.,  imp.,  died  . 

Ch.  Diomed,  imp.,  died  - 

Coeur-de-Lion,  imp.,  died    . 

Dragon,  ch.,  of  a  kick,   . 

Wonder,  ch.,  February,  on  the  road,  of 

Boaster,  b.,  imp.,  autumn, 

Pacolet,  gr.,  October,  of  colic, 

Oscar,  br.,  November,  of  colic, 

Eagle,  b.,  imp.,  . 

Constitution,  summer,    . 

Bluster,  imp.,  autumn, 

Buzzard,  ch.,  imp., 

Sir  Archy,  about 


colic 


Trs.  old 

1780, 

Va., 

33. 

1*776, 

Va., 

26. 

1790, 

Va., 

20. 

1802, 

N.  C, 

28. 

1793-4 

,  N.  C, 

32-3. 

1796, 

Va., 

25. 

1799, 

Va., 

23. 

1805, 

Ky., 

13. 

1806, 

N.  C, 

20. 

1808, 

N.  Y., 

28. 

1808, 

Va., 

31. 

1809, 

20. 

1812, 

Tenn., 

25. 

1815, 

Tenn., 

15. 

1819, 

Tenn., 

24. 

1825, 

Tenn., 

17. 

1826, 

Tenn., 

11. 

1827, 

Ky., 

30. 

1827, 

Tenn., 

22. 

1828, 

Tenn., 

20. 

1811, 

Ky., 

24. 

1833, 

N.C., 

32, 

I  have  had  the  ahove  on  such  authority  as  I  credited  at  the 
time,  and  think  tliem  correct,  or  nearly  so.  Obituary  lists  are 
not  only  a  matter  of  curiosity,  but  serve  to  detect  forgeries  in 
some  cases. 

Citizen,  and  Mark  Antony,  and  Celer,  and  Bel  Air,  and 
Gray  Diomed,  and  Pacolet,  were,  in  point  of  fact,  nearer  the 
Arabian,  and  approximated  nearer  the  heau  ideal^  than  any  of 
the  importations  at  the  close  of  the  last  or  commencement  of 
the  present  century.  They  are,  to  my  taste,  Turk.  The  Dio- 
meds,  the  Archys,  the  Leviathans,  were  remarkable  for  size 
and  stride  ;  but  if  among  them  you  found  a  beauty,  you  had  to 
look  to  the  dam,  viz.  ;  "Wonder,  dam  by  Tippoo  Saib,  son  of 
Lindsay's  Arabian ;  Second  Diomed,  gray,  dam  by  Clockfast ; 
Barksdale's  Gray  Diomed,  who,  through  Brimmer  and  Polly 
Flaxen,  united  the  Godolphin  and  Darley  Arabians ;  John 
Dawson,  a  bay — a  superb,  large  horse,  got  by  Pacific — had  by 
his  dam  a  Gray  Medley,  a  Pacolet,  and  two  Tippoo  Saib  crosses. 
Ife  was  a  good  one  on  the  turf  under  bad  management,  and 


148  THE   HORSE 

took  a  premium  at  an  agricultural  show ;  and  had  be  been 
trained  by  Williams,  and  kept  and  sustained  by  Elliott,  as  a 
stallion,  be  would,  in  all  probability,  have  distinguished  himselt 
in  both  capacities.  I  do  not  know  what  became  of  him  ;  but  I 
do  know  he  might  have  stood  by  Eagle  and  Dragon,  and  not 
suffered  by  the  comparison. 

Will.  Williams. 


EDITORIAL   NOTES. 

*  (P.  131.)  Sloven  is  said  to  have  been  imported  about  1767  or  '68,  was  by  Cub, 
dam  by  the  Bolton  Starling — Sister  to  Amelia  by  Godolphin  Arabian — Childers— 
Bonny  Black,  a  daughter  of  Black  Hearty.  The  pedigree  cannot  be  traced  in  the 
EngUsh  Stud-Book. 

\  (P.  131.)  This  pedigree,  as  given  by  Edgar,  cannot  be  correct  for  the  Large 
Hartley  mare,  a  roan  colt  in  1736,  which  was  known  as  Hartley's  roan  stallion 
by  Hip. 

:]:  (P.  133.)  One  of  the  Seluns  was  an  Arabian,  the  other  byBajazet  dam  Miss 
Thigh. 

§  (P.  133.)  This  is  the  horse  Granbj",  called  also  Marquis  of  Granby. 

I  (P.  133.)  This  is  a  spurious  pedigree.  Selim  was  foaled  1759  by  imp.  Othello, 
dam  imp.  Selima  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian. 

^  (P.  IS-!.)  Tasker's  Sehma,  b.  f.,  was  foaled  1746  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian, 
dam  Large  Hartley  mare  by  his  blind  horse.  Many  of  the  very  best  horses  in 
the  country  are  descended  from  her.  See  Bruce  Stud-Book,  Vol.  I.,  page  118; 
or  English  Stud-Book,  Yol.  L,  page  87. 

**  (P.  137.)  Castianira  was  imported  in  1799.  She  could  not  have  brought  Sir 
Archy  to  America  in  her  belly,  as  she  produced  one  filly  by  imported  Mufti  before 
him.     Sir  Archy  was  foaled  in  1805.     Diomed  was  imported  in  1799. 

fl  (P.  146.)  FaUower  was  imported  into  South  Carolina  in  1766  by  Blank,  dam 
by  Partner,  2d  dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks,  3d  dam  by  Greyhound,  &c.,  &c.  Fellow, 
a  ch.  h.,  foaled  1757,  was  also  imported  into  America.  He  was  by  Cade,  dam  by 
Duke  of  Bolton's  Goliah,  2d  dam  by  Partner,  3d  dam  by  Turk,  &c.,  &c. 


HISTOEY 

OF  THE  BLOOD  HORSE  IN  NEW  YORK. 

Henky  W.  Herbert,  Esq. 

Dea?'  Sir ; — A  short  time  since,  I  received  a  letter  from  a 
raucli  esteemed  friend — the  Hon.  John  A.  King — covering  one 
from  you  to  him,  making  inquiries  in  relation  to  blood-horses 
and  course-racing,  which  he  seemed  to  think  I  could  answer 
better  than  himself.  Although  ray  pursuits  may  have  caused  me 
to  examine  more  critically,  and  think  more  deeply  on  the  sub- 
jects of  inquiry,  yet  my  ability  to  place  on  paper  suitably  facts 
and  ideas  is  so  immeasurably  inferior  to  his,  that  though  I  may 
possibly  communicate  more  information,  it  will  probably  be 
much  less  interesting  than  if  furnished  by  his  more  ready  and 
gifted  pen.  Be  this,  however,  as  it  may  be,  I  will  endeavor  to 
give  such  information  as  best  I  can;  first  premising  that, 
although  particularly  interested  in  the  blood-liorse,  and  having 
witnessed  most  of  the  important  races  in  this  vicinity  for  more 
than  half  a  century,  I  have  few  records,  except  those  which  are 
common  to  the  whole  country — the  S2:)orting  periodicals  of  the 
last  thirty  years.  Indeed,  so  indefatigable  have  been  the  edi- 
tors of  those  journals,  that  I  presume  the  name  and  character  of 
every  distinguished  horse  of  the  whole  country  may  be  found 
within  these  pages.  From  these  and  other  sources,  you  will 
obtain  information  of  many  of  which  I  know  little,  while  I  will 
endeavor  to  name  tliose,  which  formerly  gave  character  to  the 
stock  of  the  North. 


150  THE   nORSE. 

It  is  well  known  tliat,  at  a  very  earlj  day  in  our  history,, 
frequent  importations  of  horses  were  made,  but,  it  is  believed, 
without  any  particular  reference  to  blood.  For  some  time, 
however,  previous  to  the  Revolution,  a  spirit  of  emulation  ex- 
isted in  these  colonies,  and  the  thoroughbred  horse  became  an 
object  of  interest.  Among  the  earliest  of  our  importations, 
which  laid  a  foundation,  broad  and  deep,  of  the  racing  stock  of 
the  ]^orth,  were  Wildair  and  the  Cub  mare,  in  1763,  by  Mr. 
Delancy.  Soon  after  came  Sloven,  in  1765  ;  Figure,  in  1766  ; 
Lath,  in  1768,  and  Whirligig  in  1773.  All  these  contributed 
more  or  less  to  our  racing-stock ;  but  to  Bashaw  the  produce  of 
"Wildair  and  the  Cub  mare,  foaled  shortly  after  their  arrival  in 
this  country,  and  to  Figure  are  we  mainly  indebted  for  placing 
us  on  an  equality,  at  least,  with  earlier  and  much  more  exten- 
sive breeders  at  the  South.  In  the  latter  part  of  the  last  century, 
and  the  very  beginning  of  this,  a  number  of  superior  stallions 
were  imported,  which,  standing  at  moderate  prices,  greatly  im- 
proved the  general  stock  of  the  country.  Among  these  may 
be  mentioned.  Slender,  in  1785  ;  Messenger,  in  1786  ;  Bajazet'" 
and  Highlander,  in  1794 ;  Light  Infantry  and  Sourcrout,  about 
the  same  time ;  Baronet,  in  1795 ;  Alexanderf  in  1797  ;  and 
Expedition,  in  1802.  All  of  these  made  a  favorable  change  in  the 
racing  and  road-stock  of  the  l^orth.  But  immeasurably  superior 
to  all  others  W' as  Messenger,  and  take  him  all  in  all,  unquestion- 
ably the  best  horse  ever  brought  to  America.  He  not  only 
produced  race-horses  of  the  first  order,  both  at  long  and  short 
distances,  but  as  roadsters  his  get  was  unequalled.  Well  do  I 
remember  him  when  standing  at  the  stable  of  Townsend  Cock, 
in  this  county.  His  large  bony  head,  rather  short  straight  neck, 
with  windpipe  and  nostrils  nearly  twice  as  large  as  ordinary, 
with  his  low  withers,  and  shoulders  somewhat  upright,  but 
deep,  close,  and  strong.  But  behind  these  lay  the  perfection 
and  power  of  the  machine.  His  barrel,  loin,  hips,  and  quarters 
w^ere  incomparably  superior  to  all  others.  His  hocks  and  knees 
were  unusually  large  ;  below  them  his  limbs  were  of  medium 
size,  but  flat,  strong  and  remarkably  clean,  and,  either  in  stand- 
ing or  in  action,  their  position  was  perfect. 

Baronet,  too,  left  his  mark  on  our  stock  ;  of  all  the  importa- 
tions, none  equalled  him  in  elegance  and  finish.  And  at  a  later 
*  S^e  Note  *  on  page  155.      f  See  Note  f  on  page  155. 


•  COURSE-KACING    AT    THE    NORTH.  151 

period,  wlien  liis  get  and  that  of  Messenger  mingled,  it  was  tlie 
abiding  hope  of  the  breeder  to  obtain  the  fine  forehand,  rich 
color,  and  perfect  symmetry  of  a  Baronet,  with  the  speed,  power, 
and  will  of  a  Messenger.  Light  Infantry  and  Expedition  were 
horses  of  similar  character,  possessing  great  beauty  of  form  and 
elegance  of  action.  Both  contributed  essentially  to  the  general 
improvement,  and  in  several  instances  their  get  obtained  dis- 
tinction on  the  turf. 

Of  later  importations — Phoenix,  in  1803  ;  Bussorah,  in  1819  ; 
Koman,  in  1823 ;  Barefoot,  in  1828 ;  Hedgeford,  in  1832 ;  Autocrat, 
in  1831 ;  Trustee,  in  1835 — several  have  produced  at  least  one 
of  great  excellence — Trustee,  the  wonder,  Fashion ;  Roman,  a 
Treasurer  ;  Barefoot,  a  Clara  Howard  ;  and  Hedgeford,  a  Duane 
— but  their  many  failures  under  favorable  circumstances,  at 
least  suggest  the  inquiry,  whether  the  dam  has  not  quite  as 
mucli,  if  not  more  to  do  in  the  production  of  these  isolated  cases 
of  superior  excellence,  as  the  sire. 

Of  Bussorah  and  other  Arabians  which  have  been  imported, 
although  evidently  great  pains  have  been  bestowed  on  their 
selection,  it  is  admitted  that  none  have  added  essentially  to  the 
value  of  our  stoct.  Bussorah  possessed  great  beauty,  was  of 
approved  pedigree,  and  free  from  any  particular  defects  of  form, 
consequently  great  hopes  were  entertained  of  his  usefulness ; 
but,  after  experimenting  for  a  great  length  of  time  with  liim 
and  others,  the  conclusion  has  become  irresistible  that  a  horse, 
to  insure  superiority  either  in  performance  or  production,  must 
not  only  be  perfect  in  pedigree,  and  passably  good  in  his  shapes, 
but  possess  that  hi2:h  and  commanding  form  which  gives  ex- 
ceeding power,  while  at  the  same  time  it  insures  ease  of  action. 

With  regard  to  the  commencement  of  course-racing  at  the 
North,  I  am  not  ^particularly  informed.  But  previous  to  the 
Revolution  there  existed,  near  the  centre  of  the  county,  a  pub- 
lic course,  called  ll^ewmarket ;  and  also  one  at  Jamaica,  called 
Beaver  Pond  ;  at  both  of  which  trials  of  speed  frequently  took 
place,  but  whether  at  regular  intervals  is  not  known.  As  early 
as  1800,  courses  existed  at  Albany,  Poughkeepsie,  and  Harlem, 
in  this  State,  on  which  purses,  from  one  to  four-mile  heats,  were 
contended  for.  It  is  believed,  however,  that  until  1801,  no  reg- 
ularly organized  club  existed  here.     In  this  year  an  associa- 


152  THE   HORSE. 

tion,  principally  of  Long  Island  ag-riculturists,  was  formed  for 
five  years  ;  the  old  ISTewmarket  Course  was  remodelled,  and 
purses  given,  in  May  and  October  of  each  year,  for  four,  tliree, 
and  two-mile  beats.  At  tlie  expiration  of  tlie  live  years,  find- 
ing it  difficult  to  raise  sufficient  funds,  or  enforce  regulations  on 
an  nnenclosed  course,  tbe  same  gentlemen  reorganized  tlie  so- 
ciety, and  established  an  enclosed  course,  giving  it  the  same 
name,  about  a  mile  north  of  the  former.  It  is  worthy  of  re- 
mark, that  on  these  courses,  at  an  early  day,  some  of  those 
horses,  whose  efforts  and  characters  are  still  most  distinguished 
in  our  State  and  country,  made  their  first  entry.  On  the  former, 
Tippoo  Sultan,  Ilambletonian,  Bright  Phoebus,  Miller's  Dam- 
sel, and  Empress,  obtained  their  first  laurels,  to  be  variously 
M'orn  in  this  and  another  field  of  usefulness.  Sultan,  after  a 
continued  series  of  victories  on  the  turf,  went  into  the  breeding- 
stud  with  his  flag  flying  at  the  pinnacle,  there  to  droop,  and 
finally  trail  in  the  dust.  Hambletonian,  with  varied  success  as 
a  racer,  as  a  stallion  became  distinguished  for  the  elegance  and 
finish,  as  well  as  speed  and  endurance  of  his  get,  for  the  saddle, 
harness,  and  trotting-course.  Phoebus,  though  a  good  one, 
failed  to  repose  on  the  elevated  platform  which  his  jjedigree, 
fine  appearance,  and  early  performance  induced  his  friends  to 
erect.  The  wreath  so  deservedly  bestowed  on  the  two  most 
magnificent  fillies  that  ever  graced  the  JSTorthern  turf,  now 
faded  and  now  bloomed,  nntil  the  performances  of  Eclipse,  the 
son  of  one,  and  of  Ariel,  the  grand-daughter  of  tlie  other,  added 
roses  whose  enduring  perfume,  while  it  incites  to  future  struggles 
for  victory,  M-ill  ever  tend  to  tem^^er  the  ardor  of  exultation  or 
soothe  the  anguish  of  defeat. 

As  evidence  that  the  renown  obtained  on  this  course  was 
fairly  won,  it  is  only  necessary  to  state  that  Messrs.  Bond  and 
Hughs,  of  Philadelphia — whose  liberality,  judgment,  and  skill 
in  procuring,  training,  and  managing  their  horses,  was  scarcely 
second  to  that  of  Colonel  Johnson  and  Tayloe — regularly  at- 
tended here,  with  their  stable,  at  the  head  of  which  was  First 
Consul,  then  confessedly  among  the  very  best  of  the  Soutli. 

On  the  latter  course.  Cock  of  the  Bock  and  Eclipse  first 
gave  evidence  of  those  powers  which   conducted  the  one  to 


THE    "  UNION   COURSE,"  153 

eminence  ;  tlie  other,  b  j  an  unbroken  succession  of  victories,  to 
his  last  glorious  triumph. 

While  racing  continued  with  regularity  at  l^ewmarket,  the 
course  at  Harlem  was  also  kept  up  ;  and  for  a  short  period,  one 
was  established  at  Powle's  Hook,  in  Kew  Jersey,  opposite  New 
York  city.  But  not  until  1819  did  the  citizens  of  New  York 
manifest  a  just  appreciation  of  the  exciting  and  healthful  amuse- 
ment. In  this  year  an  association  was  formed,  principally  of 
citizens,  and  a  course  established  at  Bath,  in  the  county  of 
Kings,  on  Long  Island,  and  races  held  there  for  two  seasons. 
The  location,  however,  not  proving  satisfactory,  in  1821  the 
same  association  purchased  a  plot  of  ground  in  Queens  County, 
eight  miles  from  Brooklyn,  enclosed  it,  and  under  the  title  of 
the  "  Union  Course,"  largely  increased  the  amount  of  purses, 
and  placed  racing  on  a  more  elevated  and  permanent  footing 
than  heretofore.  In  1828,  an  association  of  gentlemen  estab- 
lished a  course  in  Dutchess  County,  near  Poughkeepsie,  gave 
liberal  purses,  and  had  well-conducted  and  good  racing  for 
several  years.  In  1838,  individual  enterprise  established  the 
Beacon  Course  at  Hoboken,  New  Jersey,  opposite  New  York 
city.  Great  expense  was  incurred  in  grading  and  making  suit- 
able erections.  Large  purses  were  given,  and  for  a  time  its 
easy  access  from  the  city  rendered  it  exceedingly  popular. 

The  foregoing  are  believed  to  be  all  the  courses,  of  any  con- 
siderable note,  that  have  existed  in  this  State  or  adjacent ;  and 
it  is  somewhat  remarkable,  that  within  the  last  ten  or  fifteen 
years,  all  have  been  abandoned  except  in  Queens  County,  L.  L, 
and  here  principally  kept  up  by  the  trotting  fraternity,  with 
occasional  exhibitions  of  the  noblest  amusement  that  ever  stirred 
the  blood  or  engaged  the  mind  of  man.  Indeed  the  people 
seem  to  be  instinctively  drawn  to  a  count^T-  which  has  ever  been 
the  focus  of  racing,  as  well  as  the  field  of  successful  breeding. 
Many  of  the  very  best  racers,  as  well  as  trotters,  have  been 
reared  within  her  limited  borders,  and  scarcely  a  stallion  of  any 
eminent  standing  at  the  North,  but  has  held  his  court  within 
her  precincts.  Evincing,  also,  the  spirit  and  liberality  of  her 
])eople,  and  not  irrelevant  to  the  subject  of  this  discursive  com- 
munication, is  the  fact  that  about  the  year  1T98  or  '99,  a  hunting- 
club  was  formed  by  gentlemen  of  the  Island  ;  a  pack  of  hounds 


154  THE   IIOESE. 

obtained,  and  located  about  four  miles  east  of  Jamaica,  and  as 
l^articularly  indicative  of  the  spirit  and  emulation  whicli  char- 
acterized its  members,  six  of  their  number  agreed  to  send  to 
England  and  import  each  a  horse  expressly  for  the  saddle. 
Among  the  most  successful  of  these  was  Richard  Smith,  Esq., 
of  Suffolk  County,  who  in  old  "  Royal  George,"  obtained  the 
very  heau  ideal  of  a  hunter.  Many  amusing  anecdotes  were 
related  by  this  liberal,  high-toned,  but  facetious  gentleman,  of 
indulging  his  amateur  friends  from  the  city  with  a  ride  on  his 
favorite,  who  was  perfectly  docile  and  quiet  by  the  side  of  the 
cover  ;  but  the  moment  the  game  was  roused  and  the  pack  gave 
tongue,  no  ordinary  arm  could  restrain,  nor  fence  nor  furze  ap- 
parently impede  him,  until  he  had  arrived  in  their  midst,  where 
he  was  satisfied  quietly  to  continue. 

I  am  unwilling,  my  dear  sir,  to  close  this  communication 
without  the  endeavor  to  place  on  record  in  juxtaposition,  the 
names  and  characters  of  unquestionably  the  best  three  race- 
horses ever  bred  in  this  State.  They  were  on  the  turf  at  difier- 
ent  periods,  but  each  in  his  day  was  as  confessedly  superior  to 
all  others  at  the  ]>rorth,  as  in  intellectual  endowments  was  Web- 
ster in  Massachusetts,  Clay  in  Kentucky,  and  Calhoun  in  Caro- 
lina. I  allude  to  Mr.  VanEanst's  Potomac,  Tippoo  Sultan,  and 
American  Eclipse.  The  first  a  son,  the  other  two  grandsons, 
of  Messenger.  Potomac  foaled  in  1796,  Sultan  in  1800,  Eclipse 
in  1814.  Each  ran  about  an  equal  number  of  races,  and  neither 
was  ever  beaten.  Of  Potomac's  races  several  were  short,  but 
never  from  choice  ;  his  friends  being  confident  he  was  the  fast- 
est, but  perfectly  certain  he  was  the  gamest  horse  then  on  the 
turf,  whenever  an  opponent  offered,  exerted  themselves  to  ex- 
tend the  distance  and  increase  the  stake,  but  in  every  case 
closed  with  the  best  proposition  they  could  obtain.  The  result 
invariably  proved  the  correctness  of  their  judgment. 

Often  have  I  listened  to  the  discussions  of  Mr.  Yan  Panst 
and  my  late  father,  Major  William  Jones — of  whom  it  may  be 
said,  that  from  early  manhood  up  to  more  than  fourscore  years 
of  age,  he  was  never  without  a  race-horse  in  his  stable — relative 
to  the  respective  merits  of  the  two  horses  for  whom  they  enter- 
tained so  great  a  geographical  as  w^ell  as  pecuniary  interest. 
Neither  could  resist  the  conclusion  that  Eclipse  was  the  supe 


<J 


TIPPOO    SULTAN.  155 

rior,  but  both  agreed  that  Potomac  had  the  most  speed,  and  in 
the  endeavor  to  lix  the  point  in  a  four-mile  heat,  where  Eclipse 
would  pass  him,  they  confessed  themselves  at  fault,  for  in  all 
his  trials,  and  in  all  his  races,  he  was  never  known  to  falter. 

Sultan  triumphed  over  all  his  rivals  except  Damsel ;  owing 
to  various  causes  they  never  met.  Had  they  done  so,  both  in 
condition,  the  contest  would  have  been  severe  and  the  result 
doubtful.  But  this  could  scarcely  have  happened,  for  Damsel 
was  so  constitutionally  timid  and  excitable,  that  the  moment 
she  was  brought  near  a  public  course  or  stable,  she  would  refuse 
her  feed,  and  consequently  was  rarely  if  ever  in  order. 

All  these  three  horses  were  of  similar  form  and  character- 
istics, and  all  of  large  size — Sultan  highest  on  the  leg,  and  of  at 
least  twelve  inches  more  stride.  Their  great  superiority  arose 
from  their  exceeding  power  over  the  loin  and  in  the  hind  quar- 
ters, combined  with  a  deep  and  capacious  chest,  allowing  free 
play  to  the  lungs,  and  a  windpipe  and  nostril  which  enabled 
them  to  inhale  and  consume  with  ease  a  much  larger  quantity 
of  air  than  most  others. 

I  have  thus,  my  dear  sir,  answered  joiw  several  inquiries  to 
the  best  of  my  ability  ;  and  I  sincerely  regret  that  a  lack  of 
memoranda  and  record  prevents  my  giving  more  detailed  and 
specific  information  on  a  subject  which  will  always  possess  for 
me  the  deepest  interest.  Please  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  this 
at  your  convenience,  addressing  me  at  Cold  Spring  Harbor,  L.  I. 
I  remain,  dear  sir. 

Yours  with  much  respect, 

David  W.  Jones. 

April  Sd,  1856. 


EDITOEIAL   NOTES. 

*  (P.  150.)  Bajazet  Aas  foaled  1754,  and  must  have  been  imported  before  1794. 
f  (P.  150.)  Alexander's  pedigree,  as  given  by  Edgar,  is  spurious. 


PEDIGREES, 
PERFORMANCES,    AND    ANECDOTES, 

OF  FAMOUS  AMERICAN  EACEES  OF  THE  MODERN  DAY. 

The  letter,  above  given,  of  an  eminent  and  distinguislied  turf- 
man, whose  title  to  that  honorable  appellation  is  hereditary,  and 
known  as  widely  in  America  as  is  the  name  of  the  American 
Turf,  brings  down,  it  will  be  seen,  the  history  of  that  Turf  to 
what  In  ay  be  called  its  palmiest  days — the  latter  portion  of  the 
first,  and  commencement  of  the  second  quarter  of  the  present 
century. 

Previous  to  the  Revolution,  as  we  have  seen,  racing,  as  an 
established,  organized  institution,  was  nearly,  if  not  absolutely, 
confined  to  the  States  of  Maryland,  Yirginia,  and  South  Caro- 
lina, which  were  then  emphatically  the  Racehorse  Region  of  the 
United  States  of  America. 

Up  to  this  period,  with  but  few  exceptions,  all  the  distin- 
guished blood  mares  and  stallions  had  been  imj)orted  into  those 
States,  and  in  them,  only,  did  a  distinct  and  very  noble  strain 
of  thorough  blood  exist,  which,  although,  of  course,  tracing 
directly  to  English  ancestry  on  both  sides,  may  be,  with  some 
propriety,  termed  Yirginian  ;  since,  as  a  general  rule,  whether 
accidentally  or  from  choice,  the  pedigrees  of  nearly  all  the  im- 
portations run  back,  through  but  three  or  four  families,  to  the 
same  noted  progenitors;  the  most  renowned  of  which,  perhaps, 
are  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  the  Byerly  Turk,  Sj)anker,  Grey- 


HORSE-KACING   IN    NEW   YORK.  157 

hound,  the  "WTiite  Turk,  Dodsworth,  and  Layton's  Violet  Barb 
mare. 

It  is  undeniable  that  a  vast  number  of  the  early  Virginian 
pedigrees  are  not  susceptible  of  proof,  owing  to  reasons  amply 
enumerated  above ;  and  there  is  as  little  doubt  that  very 
many  have  been  fabricated,  and  are  the  merest  of  forgeries  ; 
still,  it  is  clearly  in  evidence  that  many  animals,  and  those  the 
most  fashionable  and  successful  foal-getters  in  the  Southern 
racing  States,  were  of  the  unequalled  stock  above  indicated. 

Where,  as  compared  with  England,  the  number  of  families 
was  few,  the  choice  of  stallions  limited,  and,  more  than  all,  the 
original  number  of  imported  thoroughbred  mares,  as  progeni- 
trixes, yet  more  limited,  it  is  evident  that  the  horses  of  this  era 
must  have  been  very  much  in-bred  ;  and  it  is  worthy  of  remark, 
that  the  old  Vii'ginia  pedigrees,  owing  to  the  early  infusion  of 
Godolphin  Arabian  and  Croft's  Partner  blood,  run  through 
fewer  generations  to  Oriental  parentage  on  both  sides,  than  the 
generality  of  English  horses  of  the  same  date.  It  is  said,  also, 
by  those  who  remember  the  strain  before  it  was  intermixed  with 
the  more  recent  English  blood,  that  the  horses  of  ante-revolu- 
tionary, and  early  post-revolutionary  fame,  retained  in  a  great 
degree  the  Arab  and  Barb  or  Turk  characteristics  in  height, 
figure,  and  qualities  ;  and  possessed  far  more  of  what  our  ances- 
tors intended  to  convey  by  the  words  a  Eacer  in  a  high  form, 
than  of  what  we  should  esteem  perfection  in  the  modern  fashion- 
able race-horse. 

It  will  be  observed,  in  the  communication  to  which  I  have 
referred,  that  it  w^as  not  until  the  year  1819,  that  the  citizens  of 
New  York  began  fully  to  appreciate  the  utility  and  practical 
excellence  of  horse-racing,  or  to  give  it  such  encouragement  as 
it  had  always  received  in  Virginia  and  Maryland ;  where  the 
majority  in  numbers,  and  the  whole,  one  might  say,  in  wealtli, 
enterprise  and  education,  of  the  white  population,  were  coun- 
try gentlemen  of  athletic  habits,  out-of-door  tastes,  liberal  hands 
and  open  hearts,  which  belong  every  where,  and  belong,  it 
seems  to  me,  alone,  to  rural  aristocracies. 

And,  again,  it  was  not  until  ten  years  later,  in  the  autumn 
of  1829,  that  any  regular  publication  was  set  on  foot,  for  the 
avowed  purpose  of  recovering  as  much  as  was  possible  of  the 


158  THE   HORSE. 

lost  early  pedigrees  of  the  magnates  of  the  American  Turf,  and 
for  the  preservation  of  authentic  records  for  the  time  to  come. 
This  work,  Skinners  American  Turf  Register  and  Sporting 
Magazine,  continued  for  ten  years  to  do  good  service  for  the 
cause  of  the  Turf,  and,  with  Edgar's  stud-book,  which  unfor- 
tunately never  was  completed,  constitutes  the  first  and  only  au- 
thority, presented  to  the  public,  on  which  reliance  can  be  placed 
as  to  the  blood  of  animals  asserted  to  be  thoroughbred. 

In  the  year  1839,  the  magazine  passed  into  the  hands  of  that 
most  able  editor  and  admirable  turf- writer,  Mr.  William  T.  Por- 
ter, of  New  York,  than  whom  the  Turf  of  America  has  had  no 
more  consistent  advocate,  or  more  strenuous  defender.  In  the 
close  of  18-14,  the  Magazine  was,  it  is  greatly  to  be  regretted, 
discontinued,  the  encom-agement  not  being  found  adequate  to 
the  support  of  both  the  monthly  periodical  and  the  weekly 
Spirit  of  the  Times,  both  issued  from  the  same  office,  and  made 
np  in  some  part  of  the  same  materials. 

This  cessation  it  is  hardly  possible  too  greatly  to  deplore  ; 
for,  although  Mr.  Richards  continues  to  prepare  and  publish  a 
yearly  Turf-Eegister,  from  the  old  office,  containing  a  full  and 
accurate  record  of  races  and  racing  events,  and  a  register  of  the 
winning  horses  of  the  year,  there  is,  of  course,  no  space  for  such 
discussion  of  pedigrees,  disputed  or  not  fully  established,  or 
such  debate  on  intricate  questions  of  breeding,  running,  time, 
weights,  riders  and  the  like,  in  its  pages,  as  were  so  valuable  in 
those  of  the  famous  old  magazine  ;  inadequate  as  even  it  was 
to  fill  the  place  of  that  great  desideratum  of  the  American  horse 
world,  a  complete  and  careful  annual  American  stud-book. 

These  thoughts  may  seem  in  some  sort  superfluous  ;  but, 
without  having  introduced  them,  I  should  find  it  somewhat  dif- 
ficult to  explain  what  I  mean  to  convey,  when  I  state  that  I 
consider  the  commencement  of  authentic  American  horse- 
racing  to  be  about  coeval  with  the  commencement  of  the  sec- 
ond quarter  of  the  present  century,  or,  at  the  most,  a  few  3'ears 
earlier. 

I,  by  no  means,  intend  or  desire  by  this  expression  to  under- 
estimate the  genuineness  of  the  blood,  to  deny  the  excellence, 
speed,  stoutness,  or  authenticity  of  performance  of  the  cele- 
brated worthies  of  ante-revolutionary,  or  early  post-revolution- 


OBSCUEITT    OF   PEDIGREES.  159 

ary  dajs,  any  more  than  I  -undervalue  or  doubt  the  pedigree  or 
merits  of  tlie  great  forefathers  of  the  English  Turf,  in  the  days 
of  Queen  Anne,  and  of  the  first  monarchs  of  the  House  of 
Hanover. 

Much,  in  fact,  as  I  regard  the  fame  of  Buck-Hunter, 
Spanker,  Childers,  Cartouch,  Bald  Charlotte,  Matchem,  and  a 
hundred  others  one  might  name,  do  I  esteem  that  of  the  Fear- 
nought, Janus,  Celer,  Tryall,  Yorick,  Traveller,  and  the  mares 
Selima,  Kitty  Fisher,  Jenny  Cameron,  Jenny  Dismal,  and  many 
others,  of  American  immortality.  The  pedigrees  of  many  of 
them  run  into  the  obscurity  of  time,  and  one  must  write  down, 
at  last,  unknown^  for  either  dam  or  sire,  as  is  the  case  with 
more  than  one  of  the  admitted  great  English  progenitors. 

For  instance — the  sire  of  Bockwood  is  unknown  ;  the  dams 
of  Coneyskins,  Clumsy,  Gray  Grantham,  and  Whynot — the 
grand-dams  of  Bay  Bolton,  Snake,  Jigg,  and  a  score  of  others, 
from  whom  it  is  held  glory  enough  to  be  descended,  are  all  un- 
known  ;  but  not,  for  that,  are  they  to  be  held  of  impure  or  cold 
blood.  ■^■•■ 

In  like  sort,  I  hold  it  indisputable  that  the  dams  of  many  of 
the  noblest  and  most  perfect — and,  to  judge  from  all  analogy, 
the  most  pure-blooded — of  the  progenitors  and  progenitrixes  of 
the  American  Turf,  are  unknown.  The  dam  of  Tasker's  Selima 
is,  I  hold  it,  unknown  ;  for  of  three  dams  assigned  to  her,  I  can- 
not find  that  she  has  any  claim  to  one.f  Snap-dragon  by  Snap, 
out  of  whom  slie  is  said  to  have  been  got,  was  not  foaled  until 
her  sire,  Godolphin  Arabian,  was  dead.  Tlie  Large  Hartley 
mare,  to  whom  that  capital  turf-writer,  Observer,  assigns  her, 
as  sister  to  Bahraham,  had,  according  to  the  stud-book,  no 
chestnut  filly  by  Godolphin,  and  one  that  answers  to  the  date 
of  Selima.  And  the  Fox  mare,  whose  dam  Avas  by  Childers, 
and  who  was  herself  dam  to  "Weasel  and  Daphne  by  Godolphin, 
had  no  other  foals  to  that  horse,  nor  any  foal  earlier  than 
1750-51,  in  which  year  Selima  is  said  to  have  been  imported. 
This  last  is  Skinner's  pedigree  of  this  famous  mare.  The  dam 
of  Jenny  Cameron  is  not  stated.^  The  dam  of  Kitty  Fisher  is 
said  to  have  been  out  of  Bald  Charlotte,  by  the  Cullen  Arabian, 
but  there  is  no  show  of  proof  that  this  thrice  famous  mare  ever 
bore  a  filly  to  that  Arab.     And  again,  the  dam  of  Jenny  Dismal 

*  See  Note  *  on  p.  170.      f  See  Note  f  on  p.  170.      X  See  Note  %  on  p.  170. 


160  THE   HORSE. 

is  recorded  to  have  been  a  "Whitefoot  mare,  while  of  five  White- 
foot  mares  in  the  stud-book  not  one  appears  to  liave  borne  a 
foal  to  Dismal,  the  son  of  Godolphin.  These  statements  I  do 
not  make  invidiously,  or  with  the  intent  to  disparage  the  purity 
of  the  blood  of  these  animals — of  wdiicli  I  have  no  doiibt ;  but 
simply  to  show  that  the  same  want  of  absolute  authenticity  is 
apparent,  when  we  go  beyond  a  certain  date  in  both  England^- 
and  America,  that  date  being  more  recent  in  the  latter  country, 
owing  to  the  later  introduction  of  authentic  registries. 

Kor  does  this  want  of  authenticity  attach  to  pedigrees,  only ; 
or  even  in  the  greatest  degree  ;  for  it  is  much  more  apparent  in 
the  traditional  report  of  performances. 

The  absurd  myth  of  Flying  Childers  having  run  a  mile  in  a 
minute,  still  obtains — not  among  sportsmen,  for  of  course  there 
is  not  a  man,  who  knows  what  a  race-horse  is,  either  in  Eng- 
land or  America,  at  this  day,  who  does  not  scoff  at  the  palpa- 
ble impossibility  of  the  thing — but  generally  among  the  vulgar ; 
although  it  has  been  made  sufficiently  clear  that,  in  the  only 
recorded  race  of  this  horse,  he  did  not  exceed  that  of  West 
Australian  in  England,  or  of  Lexington  or  Lecompte  in  this 
country. 

As  progenitors,  all  these  horses,  in  both  countries,  may  be 
considered,  then,  in  my  view,  as  entities,  or,  if  the  reader  prefer 
it,  facts — as  jjerformers,  in  view  of  any  thing  which  we  know 
positively,  or  can  ascertain,  of  tlieir  performances,  I  must  hold 
them  myths. 

Thus,  on  the  English  Turf,  while  I  do  not  dispute  or  doubt 
the  excellence  of  Elying  Childers,  Regulus,  Matchem,  Marske, 
OTvelly's  Eclipse,  and  other  such — for  they  must  have  been  un- 
deniably good  horses  to  do  that,  which  we  know  they  did  do — 
beat,  namely,  all  the  best  horses  of  their  respective  times,  at 
all  weights  and  distances — I  give  no  credence  whatsoever  con- 
cerning any  jDarticular  or  special  performance  of  any  one  of 
them  ;  and  I  distinctly  assert  my  opinion,  that  there  is  nothing 
whatever,  beyond  the  idlest  and  emptiest  rumor,  on  which  to 
found  any  comparison  between  them  and  the  horses  of  to-day. 

On  the  English  Turf,"*  I  esteem  nothing  positively  authentic, 
in  the  shape  of  performances — apart,  I  mean,  from  pedigrees — 
previous  to  the  institution  of  the  St.  Leger  stakes,  first  won  by 
*  See  Note  §  on  page  170. 


THE    AMERICAN   TUKF.  161 

Lord  Itockiiigham's  Sampson  fillj,  in  1776  ;  of  the  Oaks,  first 
V7"on  by  Lord  Derby's  Bridget,  in  1779,  and  of  the  Derby,  first 
won  by  Sir  Charles  Bunbnry's  Diomed — sire  of  our  Sir  Archy — 
in  1780. 

So  on  the  American  Turf  I  hold  nothing,  as  on  record^  prior 
to  the  races  of  American  Eclipse  and  liis  competitors.* 

To  draw  a  parallel,  as  nearly  as  I  can  draw  one,  I  regard  the 
old  Virginian  Turf,  prior  to  the  fifteenth  year,  at  least,  of  the 
nineteenth  century,  as  neither  more  nor  less  authentic  than  that 
of  England  np  to  the  time  of  English  Eclipse  ;  and  I  consider 
that  the  era  of  the  importation  and  covering  of  Diomed  and 
Messenger  in  the  United  States  as  parallel  to  that  of  O'Kelly's 
wonderful  stallion  in  the  old  country. 

From  the  day  when  the  sons  and  daughters  of  these  noble 
animals  began  to  run  upon  the  turfs  of  England  and  the  tracks 
of  America,  all  is  plain  and  on  record,  so  that  who  runs  may 
read. 

The  first  great  excellence  of  what  I  consider  the  authentic 
recorded  race-horse  of  America,  I  ascribe  to  what  I  call  the  first 
grand  post-revolutionary  cross  of  English  with  the  old  Virginian 
blood,  produced  by  the  importation  of  the  two  horses  above 
named ;  of,  almost  simultaneously,  Bedford,  Medley,  Gabriel ; 
and  of  Shark,  a  few  years  earlier. 

The  get  of  these  horses  are  collateral  here,  with  the  High- 
flyers, Florizels,  King  Ferguses,  "Whalebones,  Waxys,  PotSos  and 
Beningbroughs  across  the  water,  and  their  posterity  hold  similar 
relations  and  relative  positions. 

The  palmy  time,  then,  of  the  Turf  in  America,  I  should  state 
to  have  lain  between  the  years  1815  and  18'±5,  the  former  date 
being  little  earlier  than  its  dawn,  the  latter  a  little  later  than 
the  first  symptoms  of  its  decline. 

For  without  asserting  that  the  quality  of  the  American 
thoroughbred  horse  has  as  yet  begun  to  fall  ofi",  or  its  character 
to  deteriorate,  I  do  maintain  that  the  racing  spirit  has  received 
a  severe  check  ;  one,  which  must  ultimately,  if  it  continue,  se- 
riously aflfect,  if  not  destroy,  in  toto,  the  American  Race-horse, 
in  spite  of  all  his  glories,  all  his  excellencies,  and  all  the  incom- 
parable benefits  he  has  conferred  on  the  stock  of  the  country 
ut   large — not  least  on  what   is   now  the   rage  of  the  North 

*  Eaces  published  in  American  Farmer  from  1818  to  '30  are  just  as  reliable. — Ed. 

Vol.  L— 11 


162  THE   HOESE. 

and  "West,  the  Trotting  jpCorse,  althougli  it  is  now  the  game 
and  cant  of  the  day  to  deny  the  influence  of  blood  in  this  class 
of  animals. 

The  wholesome  and  amicable  rivalry  of  the  Northern  and 
Southern  stables,  with  their — in  a  greater  or  lesser  degree — dis- 
tinctive families,  was  an  unquestionable  stimulus  to  breeders, 
and  told  its  tale  in  the  high  form  of  the  racers  which  we  used 
to  see  contending  in  the  good  days  of  the  30's — under  the 
auspices  of  such  men  as  Messrs.  Johnson  and  Tayloe,  Yan 
Mater,  Wade  Hampton,  Bingaman,  Stevens,  Livingston,  Stock- 
ton, Tillotson,  Jones,  Gibbons,  and  many  more,  as  good  as  they, 
from  all  sections  of  the  country. 

Of  those  palmy  days  it  is  with  pleasure  that  I  can  say 

quaeque  ipse  celerrima  vidi 

Et  quorum  pars  parva  fui. 

Tlie  great  race  of  races,  it  is  true,  was  one  of  the  things  bye- 
gone  when  I  first  trod  the  soil  of  America  ;  but  the  first  Amer- 
ican race-horse  on  whom  I  set  eyes,  in  the  first  year  of  my  no- 
vitiate, was  the  champion.  Eclipse ;  and  the  next,  his  gallant 
competitor.  Sir  Henry.  Ariel,  the  most  successful  and  enduring, 
perhaps,  of  all  the  progeny  of  the  great  northern  conqueror, 
was  withdrawn  from  the  scene  of  her  glories,  already  ;  but  it 
was  my  fortune  to  witness,  as  my  entering  to  the  turf  of  Long 
Island,  the  splendid  twenty-mile  mare-race,  the  prize  of  which 
was  borne  off  by  that  magnificent  and  honest  animal,  Black 
Maria ;  who,  singularly  enough,  combines  all  the  imported 
blood  which  I  have  named,  together  with  the  old  Virginian 
strains  of  Clockfast,  Fearnought,  Yorick,  and  the  rest,  having, 
through  her  sire,  American  Eclipse,  Diomed,  Messenger,  Bed- 
ford and  Medley  crosses,  and  by  her  dam.  Lady  Lightfoot,  Sir 
Archy  and  Shark  crosses. 

From  that  time  forward,  meeting  after  meeting,  there  was 
one  constant  and  continued  succession  of  good,  nay !  great 
horses  on  the  turf,  and  meeting  after  meeting,  year  after  year, 
spring  and  fall,  from  Long  Island  to  New  Orleans,  there  was 
one  constant  promise,  and  that  promise  made  good,  of  fine  sport 
for  sportsmen.  Those  were  the  days  of  such  mares  as  Trifle, 
Bonnets  of  Blue,  Fashion,  Peytona,  Heel,  and  many  more  sec- 


MINGO — CLARION — POSTBOY.  163 

end,  if  second,  to  none  but  the  best  of  these ;  and  these,  all 
except  one  or  two,  not  long  enough  withdrawn  to  have  transmit- 
ted their  honors,  likely  to  perpetuate  them  to  the  most  remote 
posterity — of  such  horses  as  Medoc — by  Eclipse  ;  his  dam.  Maid 
of  the  Oaks,  by  imp.  Expedition ;  g.  dam,  old  Maid  of  the 
Oaks,  by  Spread  Eagle  ;  g.  g.  dam — the  dam  of  E^ancy  Air — 
by  Shark,  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Rockingham,  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Gal- 
lant, g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  True  Whig,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  imp. 
Regulus,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  imp.  Diamond — an  animal  of 
singular  beauty,  and  one  who  was  withdrawn  from  the  turf  in 
the  prime  of  his  performances,  and  cut  oif  by  an  unfortunate 
accident,  ere  he  had  half  fulfilled  his  promise  as  a  stallion. 

Mingo,  by  American  Eclipse  ;  his  dam,  Bay  Bett,  by  Thorn- 
ton's Rattler — ^he  by  Sir  Archy — g.  dam,  Cliffden  mare,  by 
impd.  Clifi"den,  g.  g.  dam  by  Hall's  Spot — he  by  Hall's  imp. 
Eclipse  out  of  imj).  mare — g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Hyder  Aly,  he  by 
Lindsay's  Arabian,  dam  by  Othello,  &c., — to  my  own  mind,  for 
shape,  figure,  stride  and  action,  the  race-horse  in  the  highest 
form,  that  I  have  ever  seen,  be  the  other  who  he  may,  since  I 
have  been  in  America.  He  was  as  big  as  he  was  beautiful,  and 
as  good  as  he  was  big.  It  always  appeared  to  me  that  this 
magnificent  animal  never  had  half  a  fair  chance,  on  our  little 
one-mile-round  courses  ;  which,  it  must  be  admitted,  are  as  much 
against  a  long-striding,  lengthy,  raking  galloper,  as  they  are  in 
favor  of  a  short,  active,  quick-gathering,  compact  animal.  He 
was  a  good  winner  and  good  performer,  after  all,  though  he 
was  often  most  indifierently  ridden.  I  once  saw  him  come  in 
a  winner,  in  a  four-mile  heat,  with  his  head  pulled  half  round, 
the  snaffle  drawn  wholly  through  his  mouth  to  the  left,  and  the 
rein  acting  as  a  bit. 

Clarion,  by  Monmouth  Eclipse,  dam  by  Oscar,  as  beautiful 
and  gallant  a  hoi'se  as  a  man  need  look  upon. 

Postboy — by  Henry,  his  dam  Garland  by  Old  Duroc,  g.  d. 
Young  Damsel  by  Harailtonian,  g.  g.  d.  Miller's  Damsel  by 
Imported  Messenger,  g.  g.  g.  d.  by  PotSos,  g.  g.  g.  g.  d.  by  Gim- 
crack,  &c. — a  good  horse,  and  supposed  for  a  short  time  to 
be  a  wonder,  but  clearly  overrated,  and  in  the  end  admitted  to 
be  so.  He  was  not,  by  a  long  shot,  so  good  a  horse  as  Mingo, 
of  whom  it  is  asserted  that  he  was  never  beaten,  when  in  con- 


164  THE   H0E8E. 

ditioii — Jin  assertion,  perhaps,  in  this  case,  true,  but  in  all  cases 
easy  to  make,  and  impossible  to  disprove — and  was  beaten  by 
John  Bascombe,  who,  though,  also,  for  a  time,  esteemed  pro- 
digious, was  only  a  good,  and  not  an  extra  good,  race-horse. 

John  Bascombe  by  Bertrand  ;  he  by  Sir  Archy  out  of  Eliza, 
by  Bedford  ;  dam  Gray  Goose  by  Pacolet ;  he  by  imp.  Citizen 
g.  dam  Sally  Sneed  by  imp.  Buzzard,  g.  g.  dam  Jane  Hunt  by 
Gen.  Hampton's  Paragon,  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  imp.  Figure,  g.  g.  g.  g. 
dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by  imp.  Wildair,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  Delan- 
cy's  imp.  Cub  mare. 

This  is  as  good  an  American  pedigree  as  can  easily  be  pro- 
duced. He  was  a  large,  tall,  rather  leggy  and  decidedly  light- 
bodied  horse  ;  but  had  fine  action  and  w^as  an  easy  goer ;  his 
jjoints  were  for  speed,  not  for  staying  the  distance,  or  carry- 
ing weight.  He  beat  the  best  horses  of  his  year — Argyle  and 
Postboy  ;  but  the  year  was  not  a  crack  one,  and  like  many 
other  horses,  who  have  been  held  cracks  of  the  minute,  he  has 
settled  down  into  his  proper  place.  It  has  been  calculated  that 
Boston  and  Fashion,  in  their  great  race,  would  have  beat  Bas- 
combe in  his  Postboy  race  by  240  yards. 

Wagner  and  Gray  Eagle,  I  shall  not  here  refer  to  more  at 
large,  leaving  their  pedigrees  and  descriptions  to  be  noted  here- 
after, as  I  have  those  of  Eclipse  and  Henry,  Ariel  and  Flirtilla, 
Black  Maria,  and  the  other  animals  whose  performances  and 
great  races  I  have  judged  it  desirable  to  record  at  length,  from 
the  accounts  of  the  best  and  most  brilliant  contemporary  au- 
thorities. 

Peytona — by  imp.  Glencoe,  dam  Giantess  by  imp.  Leviathan, 
g.  dam  by  Sir  Archy,  g.  g.  dam  Virginia  by  Dare  Devil,  g.  g.  g. 
dam  Lady  Bolingbroke  by  imp.  Pantaloon,  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  Cades 
by  Wormley's  King  Herod,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  Primrose  by  Dove, 
g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  Stella  by  Othello,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam 
Tasker's  Selima  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian. 

She  was  an  enormous  dark- red  chestnut  mare,  standing  full 
sixteen  hands  and  three  inches  in  height ;  she  was  deep  made 
in  her  heart-place,  and  had  powerful,  long-let-down  hocks  ;  her 
barrel  was  so  large  that  standing  directly  in  front  of  her — Por- 
ter says — one  could  see  her  ribs  on  either  side.  Her  stride  was 
enormous,  said  to  cover  twenty-seven  feet. 


PEYTON  A   AND   FASHION.  165 

She  certainly  made  good  running  on  several  occasions,  and 
was  a  good  winner  ;  and  a  most  successful  animal  to  her  owners, 
for  whom  she  had  won  upward  of  $i2,000  before  her  match 
with  Fashion,  by  which  she  netted  them  $10,000  more. 

She  had  previously  beaten  Blue  Dick  with  some  ease,  who 
was  any  thing  but  a  contemptible  adversary  ;  and  she  won,  in 
her  match  with  Fashion,  laurels  which,  like  those  of  Bascombe, 
whom  I  last  considered,  were  for  a  moment  thought  to  be  peren- 
nial, though  they  were  soon  faded,  and  trailed  comparatively  in 
the  dust.  The  two  heats  were  done  in  7.39  3-4,  7.45  1-4.  "  Her 
immense  stride  and  strength,"  says  Porter,  in  one  of  his  telling 
descriptions  of  a  race,  which  no  man  who  wields  a  pen  can  de- 
scribe as  he  can,  when  he  is  in  the  vein — "  and  her  '  nice  ideal 
of  perpetual  motion '  did  the  business.  It  is  a  matter  of  doubt 
with  some,  wliether  Fashion  ever  saw  the  day  when  she  couid 
beat  Peytona.  Certainly  Peytona  not  only  outfooted  her  but 
outlasted  her.  In  our  opinion  condition  won  the  race.  It  is 
very  remarkable  that  after  so  fast  a  first  heat,  there  should  have 
been  so  little  falling  oif  as  five  seconds  in  the  second  heat." 

I  saw  this  race  myself,  and  I  unquestionably  was  not  one  of 
those  who  doubted  whether  Fashion  ever  saw  the  day,  &c. — so 
far  from  it  that  I  stood  my  small  stake,  very  confidently,  on  the 
return  match  at  Camden  a  fortnight  later,  when  on  that  far 
heavier  and  slower  course  Fashion — who  had  been  kept  con- 
stantly at  hard  work,  never  missing  a  gallop  since  the  day  of 
her  defeat,  while  her  conqueress,  if  one  may  coin  a  word  for 
the  occasion,  had  sufiered  so  severely  by  victory  that  she  had 
hardly  been  able  to  take  one — fairly  reversed  the  tables,  and 
won,  in  two  heats,  without  ever  being  put  to  her  speed,  in  7.48, 
7.57.  Tliere  is  no  doubt,  Fashion's  rider  having,  by  order,  pulled 
her  up,  and  passed  the  winning-post  at  a  hand  gallop,  that,  if 
he  had  chosen,  he  could  have  distanced  Peytona. 

After  this  race  she  was  withdrawn  from  the  turf,  a  fine  animal, 
and  a  good  and  honest  mare,  able  to  go  the  pace  and  stay  the 
distance  ;  but,  it  must  out — "Impar  congressus  Achilli." 

Blue  Dick  by  imported  Margrave,  dam  by  Lance,  &c.,  a  blue 
roan  horse,  and  a  fair  good  one,  though  not  what  one  could  fairly 
call  a  successful  horse  or  a  good  winner — for  he  was  continually 
over-matched.     With  Eegister  of  his  own  years,  it  was  a  tongh 


166  THE   H0E8E. 

match,  though  Dick  was  the  better  horse.  "With  such  an  ani- 
mal as  Peytona,  he  was  clearly  and  indisputably  over-matched, 
and  with  Fashion,  he  had  not  a  show  for  it.  But  racers  such 
as  Fashion  and  her  immortal  rival  Boston,  are  not  met  with 
every  day  ;  and  it  might  even  be  said  of  those  who  ran  against 
them, 

Contendisse  juvat, 

or,  in  other  words,  as  a  distinguished  Statesman  is  reported  to 
have  said,  "  it  is  honor  enough  to  have  run  a  bad  second  to 
Andrew  Jackson !  "  And  so  it  would  have  been,  if  one  had  ever 
run  a  bad  second  !  One  cannot,  however,  help  thinking,  in  that 
contingency  of  Horace's  '"''  Hon  Jovi  quicquid  simile  aut  secun- 
dum,^''— and  so  one  may  say,  without  much  fear  of  contradiction, 
at  the  present  day,  even  although  their  time  has  been  beaten 
hollow,  with  infinitely  reduced  weights,  and  over  an  immeasur- 
ably faster  track. 

Could  such  a  thing  be  possible  as  to  recall  the  days  that  are 
fled,  and  to  put  Fashion,  Boston,  Lecomte,  Lexington,  and  Pryor, 
if  you  please,  all  on  the  Union  course  together,  in  the  heyday 
of  their  blood,  and  their  most  blooming  condition,  at  any  age 
from  three  years  old  to  aged,  with  northern  weight  for  age ; 
I,  for  one,  would  be  willing  to  risk  my  shot,  in  the  first 
place,  upon  old  Whitenose,  and  the  Jersey  mare ;  and,  in  the 
next  place,  against  any  such  time,  as  that  made  over  the  ^t^Tew 
Orleans  courses. 

During  this  same  period,  there  were  other  horses  almost  in- 
numerable, worthy  of  mention,  among  whom  it  will  not  be  in- 
vidious to  name  Duane,  better  perhaps  than  some,  whom  I  have 
mentioned ;  Argyle,  and  the  mares.  Miss  Foote,  Trifle,  Gipsey, 
and  the  famous  Keel,  by  imported  Glencoe,  her  dam  imported 
Gallopade  by  Catton,  herself  doubly  famous  as  a  distinguished 
winner  in  her  own  person,  and  as  the  dam  of  the  cracks  j^a/* 
excellence  of  the  day. 

During  the  period  I  have  here  specified,  occurred  all  the 
great  and  time-honored  races  of  America,  with  the  exception  of 
two  or  three  recent  events,  which  are  to  be  ascribed  to  a  differ- 
ent strain  of  blood,  to  a  new  school  of  breeding,  whether  for 
better  or  worse,  in  the  long  run,  perhaps  it  yet  remains  to  be 
Been,  and  of  which  I  shall  speak,  in  their  place  hereafter. 


THE  FOUR  GREAT  RACES.  167 

Those  gi'eat  races,  wliicli  I  esteem  as  worthy  of  immortalitj 
as  ev^er  was  the  match  of  Hambletonian  and  Diamond,  or  any- 
other  match  race,  if  there  ever  were  any  other,  of  yet  greater 
fame,  are  those  of  American  EcHpse  and  Henry;  of  Ariel, 
daughter  of  Eclipse,  and  Flirtilla ;  of  Black  Maria,  and  the  three 
mares,  known  as  the  twenty-mile  race ;  of  Wagner  and  Gray 
Eagle,  at  the  Oakland  course,  Louisville ;  and  of  Boston  and 
Fashion,  on  the  Union  course.  Long  Island. 

Those,  as  the  old  Marshal  Trivulciano  said,  who  had  fought 
in  thirty-six  pitched  battles,  yet  had  never  seen  a  stricken  field 
until  he  fought  at  Marignano,  those  were  combats  of  giants,  all 
the  rest  were  child's  play. 

Of  those,  the  great  events,  of  the  great  turf  campaigns  of 
this  country,  I  have  been  so  fortunate  as  to  procure  accurate  de- 
scriptions by  the  pens  of  eye-witnesses,  who  will,  by  all  true 
turfmen  be  admitted,  the  most  competent  to  form  accurate 
opinions  and  draw  sound  conclusions  on  all  matters  concerning 
this  nobler  sport  than  the  Olympic  games  of  old,  and  whose  pen 
paintings  of  such  scenes  have,  long  ago,  been  pronounced  first 
and  best  by  mouths  of  wisest  censure. 

The  first  of  these,  the  great  race  of  Eclipse  and  Henry,  the 
time  of  which  was  so  long  the  hest,  so  long  believed  to  be  not 
only  unapproached,  but  unapproachable — together  with  the 
memoirs,  pedigrees,  performances,  and  description  of  the  rival 
racers,  is  from  the  pen  of  one,  whom  it  is  enough  to  name, 
"  The  Old  Turfman,"  Cadwalader  E,.  Golden,  Esq.,  indisputably 
the  best  authority  of  his  day,  in  this  or,  perhaps,  in  any  other 
country,  on  all  matters  connected  with  the  horse  of  pure  blood. 
From  the  same  distinguished  source  is  the  memoir  and  pedi- 
gree of  Ariel,  the  list  of  her  performances,  and  her  almost  un- 
equalled race  with  Flirtilla. 

The  twenty-mile  race  of  Black  Maria,  with  her  memoir  and 
performances,  selected  from  the  columns  of  the  Spirit  of  the 
Times,  is  understood  to  be  from  the  pen  of  the  brother  of  her 
late  distinguished  owner — that  celebrated  breeder,  promoter 
and  benefactor  of  the  agricultural  interests  of  this  continent,  the 
late  Mr.  Charles  Henry  Hall,  to  whose  family  I  take  this  op- 
portunity of  recording  my  manifold  obligations,  and  of  return- 
ing my  most  sincere  thanks,  for  the  facilities  afibrded  to  me  of 


168  THE   HOKSE. 

books,  MS.  documents  and  pictures,  without  which  tliis  work 
would  liave  fallen,  indeed,  far  short  of  the  present  short-comings 
of  the  author. 

The  races  of  Wagner  and  Gray  Eagle,  taken  from  the  pages 
of  the  American  Turf  Register  and  Sporting  Magazine,  are 
by  the  pen — perhaps,  are  the  chef  cfceuvre  of  the  pen — of  ray 
esteemed  friend  William  T.  Porter,  I  well  remember,  at  the 
time,  when  this  brilliant  and  graphic  narrative  and  picture  of 
events  made  its  aj)pearance,  the  general  admiration  Avith  which 
it  was  hailed.  By  the  editor  of  that  well  known  and  world-re- 
nowned journal,  "  Bell's  Life  in  London,"  it  was  immediately 
pronounced  the  perfection  of  tu r f- writing,  combining  the  abso- 
lute of  strong  horse-language  and  imagery,  with  tlie  entire  ab- 
sence of  slang.  If,  critically  speaking,  I  possess  any  judgment 
in  regard  to  style  and  the  artificial  in  composition,  I  should  pro- 
nounce the  Wagner  and  Gray  Eagle  contest,  to  be  the  best 
description  of  a  race  ever  penned  in  any  country,  or  in  any 
language.     It  seems  to  me  to  be  ne  j^lus  ultra. 

The  Fashion  and  Boston  match  on  the  Union  course,  from 
the  columns  of  the  Spirit  of  the  Times,  is  from  the  same  hand 
also ;  and  the  same  clear  narrative,  quick  observation  and  ac- 
curate decision  are  discernible  in  every  line. 

This  great  event,  and  grand  struggle — in  which  the  Northern 
stables  renewed  the  laurels,  which  they  had  won  in  the  conquest 
of  the  Southern  champion  Henry  by  the  Great  Eclipse ;  and 
doubly  renewed  them,  by  outdoing  that  hitherto  unequalled 
feat — brings  me  almost  to  the  close  of  the  period,  which  I  have 
determined  on  as  the  palmy  days  of  American  racing ;  brings 
me  completely  to  the  decadence  and  downfall  of  the  turf  in  the 
Northern  States. 

For  what  reasons  it  fell,  it  would  not  be  easy  to  state.     Per- 
haps, this  would  not  be,  for  some  reasons,  the  place  in  which  tc ' 
state  it,  if  it  were  so. 

It  is  sufficient  that,  at  the  same  moment,  or  nearly  so,  all  the 
most  liberal  and  energetic  patrons  of  the  turf  withdrew  from  it 
their  support,  closed  their  stables,  disposed  of  their  studs,  and 
ceased,  vastly  to  the  loss  of  the  agricultural  community,  and  of 
the  country  at  large,  to  breed,  to  keep,  or  to  import  blood  stock. 

At  the  same  time  an  unthinking,  senseless,  declamatory 
spirit  of  fanaticism,  denouncing  the  breeding  of  blood  stock  and 


LEXINGTON,    LECOMTE   AND   PRYOE.  169 

racing,  as  the  worst,  most  dangerous,  and  most  destructive  sort 
of  gambling,  ran  tlirongh  the  community,  and  took  possession 
even  of  the  legislatures. 

Eacing  courses  were  put  down  and  proscribed  ;  while  trot- 
ting courses,  at  which — on  the  most  moderate  computation — the 
opportunities  for  fraud  are  ten  times  greater,  and  fraud  is  fifty- 
times  more  generally  practised,  than  on  any  race-course,  ob- 
tained a  fixed  position  and  a  stand. 

Gentlemen,  and  persons  of  means  and  education  generally, 
have  totally  withdrawn,  in  the  Northern  States,  from  the  habit  of 
breeding,  keeping,  riding  or  driving  fast  horses,  or  patronizing 
races  at  all,  except  as  a  mere  spectacle  to  be  visited  as  a  theatre, 
or  a  field  day;  and  every  thing  connected  with  the  Northern 
turf  has  fallen  into  the  hands  of  professional  persons,  of  greater 
or  less  respectability — some  doubtless  of  the  highest,  some  of 
the  most  questionable — who  practise  it,  of  course,  professionally 
as  a  matter  of  emolument. 

A  fine  new  race-course  has  lately  been  established  on  Long 
Island,  and  a  new  jockey  club  has  been  set  on  foot,  but  it  does 
not  appear,  hitherto,  that  the  right  persons  have  taken  hold  of 
it ;  although  it  is  said  that  a  reaction  is  even  now  in  progress,  and 
that  there  are  hopes  that  we  may  once  more  see  Northern  sta- 
bles in  operation,  strings  of  thoroughbreds  in  their  cosy  body 
clothes,  with  natty  lads  on  their  backs,  and  in  a  word.  Long  Isl- 
and, itself  again. 

In  the  mean  time,  the  South  has  not  only  been  holding  her 
own,  but  surpassing  the  North,  and  herself  again,  in  the  point  of 
time,  astonishing  the  world,  and  now  challenging  Mother  Eng- 
land's Derby  and  Leger  winners,  on  their  own  turf. 

First  we  had  Henry  Perrit's — an  undeniable  runner  at  short 
distances — unequalled,  mile  heats.  Next  Lecomte  beating  Lex- 
ington many  seconds  under  the  time  of  Fashion's  best  race — 
then  Lexington  beating  Lecomte's  best  time,  by  almost  as  many 
seconds  more — and  lastly  beating  Lecomte  himself,  in  worse  time 
than  he  had  himself  made  before,  because  his  adversary  could 
not  drive  him  to  make  better. 

Then  in  conclusion,  we  liave  Br.  Dick  making  the  best  time 
ever  yet  accomplislied,  at  three-mile  heats  ;  and  then  we  have 
the  two,  Lecomte    and  Pryor,  with  a  semi-dark  mare  Prioress, 


170  THE   HOKSE. 

about  wliom  little  is  certainly  known  beyond  lier  own  stables, 
going  abroad — ^hopeless  of  finding  matches  at  home — to  take  a 
rise  out  of  the  English  cracks,  calculating  of  course  on  the  im- 
mense allowances,  w^hich  will  not  fiill  short,  under  some  contin- 
gencies, of  l-i  pounds  advantage  given  to  foreign  bred  and 
untried  horses. 

Many  persons  believe  now,  of  these  horses,  as  they  did  of 
Peytona,  that  nothing  that  ever  was  in  the  North  ever  saw  the 
day  when  it  could  beat  these  horses  ;  and  that  nothing  in  Eng- 
land ever  will  see  that  day. 

I  am  not  one  of  those  persons. 

The  end  is  not  yet,  and  fast  time  or  slow  time,  I  do  not  be- 
lieve altogether  in  light  weights  and  fast  courses  ;  but,  I  do  be- 
lieve, all  things  fully  weighed  and  considered,  with  no  preju- 
dice or  favor  for  Northern  or  Southern  stables,  that  Boston  is 
out  and  out  the  best  race-horse  of  any  age,  sex  or  condition,  that 
has  yet  run  upon  American  plates,  and  that  Fashion  is  the  best 
mare. 

That  the  American  horses  will  win  in  England,  at  the  extra- 
ordinary advantages,  which  they  will  receive,  I  think  probable ; 
and  not  much  to  brag  of,  if  they  do.  One  may  handicap 
Eclipse  so  that  a  jackass  will  beat  him,  and  28  lbs.  is  a  difference, 
with  a  vengeance,  on  a  horse's  back. 

The  clever  accounts  subjoined  of  the  most  recent  races,  are 
from  the  New  Orleans  Picayune,  but  quoted  from  the  Spiri/  of 
the  Times. 

EDITORIAL  NOTES. 

*  (P.  159.)  No  English  Stud-Book  was  published  until  at  least  half  a  century 
after  these  horses  flourished.  It  does  not  follow  because  the  dams  of  some  of 
them  are  not  given  that  they  were  not  of  pure  blood. 

•|-  (P.  159.)  The  Large  Hartley  mare  had  a  filly  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  foaled 
in  1746,  which  corresponds  to  Selima.  That  filly  does  not  appear  afterwards  in 
a  English  Stud-Book  as  the  brood  mare.     Selima  was,  beyond  doubt,  the  filly. 

X  (P.  159.)  A  certificate  of  Col.  Tayloe,  dated  1773,  makes  Jenny  Cameron  by 
Cuddy  (son  of  Fox)  out  of  Mr.  Witty's  famous  mare  Cabbagewise.  In  another  place 
in  the  American  Turf  Register  she  is  said  to  be  by  a  son  of  Fox,  out  of  Miss  Bel- 
voir  by  Grey  Grantham ;  neither  can  be  substantiated  in  the  English  Stud-Book. 

§  (P.  160.)  The  English  Racing  Calendar  commenced  in  1751,  and  has  been 
continued  to  the  present  period.  Matchem  was  foaled  in  1748.  Marske  in  1756. 
Eclipse  in  1764.  The  performances  of  these  horses  are  all  to  be  found  in  the 
Racing  Calendar,  and  are  just  as  reliable  as  any  other  period  of  the  English  turf. 


MEMOm 

OF      SIR      ARCHY. 

This  justly  celebrated  horse,  wliose  portrait,  from  a  painting, 
■which  we  have  been  assured  is  a  striking  likeness,  ornaments 
the  present  memoir,  was  foaled  in  the  spring  of  1805,  on  James 
river,  in  Virginia,  and  was  bred  by  Col.  Archibald  Randolph 
and  Col.  John  Tayloe,  as  their  joint  property. 

Sir  Archy  is  of  rich  bay  color,  having  no  white  about  him 
except  on  his  right  hind  foot.  He  is  a  horse  of  commanding 
size,  fully  sixteen  hands  high,  with  great  power  and  substance. 
He  is  eminently  superior  in  all  those  points  indispensable  to  the 
turf  horse  and  mainly  contributory  to  strength  and  action. 
His  shoulder,  the  most  material  part  of  the  horse,  is  strikingly 
distinguished,  being  very  deep,  fairly  mounting  np  to  the  top 
of  the  withers,  and  obliquely  inclined  to  the  hips.  His  girth  is 
full  and  deep,  back  short  and  strong,  thighs  and  arms  long  and 
muscular,  his  bone  good.  His  front  appearance  is  fine  and 
commanding — his  head  and  neck  are  well  formed,  the  latter 
rising  well  out  of  his  withers.  Take  Sir  Archy  upon  the  whole, 
and  he  has  more  size,  power  and  substance  than  we  often  see 
combined  in  the  full  bred  horse.  As  a  racer  he  was  considered 
very  superior.  He  did  not  run  many  races,  but  beat  all  the 
best  horses  of  his  day  ;  among  them  were  Wrangler,  Tom 
Tough,  Palafox,  Minerva,  Katray,  Gallatin,  and  also  Gen.  Car- 
ney's celebrated  racer  Blank,  by  Citizen.  When  Sir  Archy 
quitted  the  turf,  he  had  no  equal  in  this  country,  as  will  be  seen 
in  the  following  extract  of  a  letter  from  Col.  W.  R.  Johnson — 
"  I  have  only  to  say  that,  in  my  opinion,  Sir  Archy  is  the  best 


172  THE   nOESE. 

horse  1  ever  saw,  and  I  well  know  tliat  I  never  had  any  tiling 
to  do  with  one  that  was  at  all  his  equal ;  and  this  I  will  back  ; 
for,  if  any  horse  in  the  world  Avill  run  against  him  at  any  half- 
way ground,  four-mile  heats,  according  to  the  rules  of  racing, 
you  may  consider  me  $5000  with  you  on  him.  He  was  in  good 
condition  this  fall — 1809 — and  has  not  run  with  any  horse  that 
could  put  him  to  half  speed  towards  the  end  of  the  race. 

"  Yours,  TV.  R.  Jounson."" 

Sir  Archy  was  got  by  the  imported  horse  Diomed,  liis  dam 
the  imported  mare  Castianira — she  was  got  by  Eockingham, 
out  of  Tabitha,  by  Trentham  ;  her  dam — Tabitha's — out  of  the 
dam  of  Pegasus.      Virle  Genealogical  Tahles,  ISTos.  I.  and  II. 

Eockingham,  the  best  son  of  Highiiyer,  and  he  the  best  son 
of  old  King  Herod.  The  dam  of  Eockingham,  Purity,  by 
Matchem,  out  of  the  famous  old  Squirt  mare. 

Trentham,  a  horse  of  great  power  and  celebrity  of  his  day, 
was  by  Sweepstakes,  out  of  a  South  mare. 

Diomed — the  sire  of  Sir  Archy — was  got  by  Florizel,  one  of 
the  best  sons  of  old  KJng  Herod ;  his  dam — Diomed's — by  Spec- 
tator; his  grandam  by  Blank,  Flying  Childers,  Miss  Belvoir,  by 
Gray  Grantham,  Paget  Turk,  Betty  Percival,  by  Leeds  Arabian. 

Diomed  was  one  of  the  best  racers  on  the  English  turf ;  and 
was  unquestionably  the  finest  formed  horse  ever  imported  into 
this  country  ;  and  as  a  foal  getter,  he  has  had  no  equal  except 
in  his  son.  Diomed  had  the  rare  faculty  of  getting  colts  of  size 
and  form  from  almost  all  the  mares  that  he  covered,  and  he 
■more  ge?ierally  got  racers  than  any  other  stallion  that  had  pre- 
ceded him ;  and  as  to  the  celebrity  of  his  colts,  as  first-rate 
racers,  they  have  far  eclij)sed  those  of  any  other  horse's  get,  ex- 
cept those  of  Sir  Archy.  What  stallion,  then,  so  worthy  to  be 
the  sire  of  Sir  Archy  as  Diomed  ?  Yet  a  report  has  been  in 
circulation  a  dozen  years  or  more,  calculated  to  rob  Diomed  of 
this  honor,  and  to  confer  it  on  another  stallion  called  Gabriel, 
sire  of  Postboy,  Harlequin  and  Oscar. 

Tliis  report  first  originated  among  grooms,  who,  of  all 
others,  are  best  calculated  to  give  currency  to  reports  without 
foundation.     Col.  Tayloe,  who  jointly  with  Col.  Eandolph,  bred 


GET   OF   SIK   AECHT.  173 

Sir  Arcliy,  confidently  avers  the  fact  that  Diomed  was  the  sire 
of  Sir  Archy.* 

In  the  spring  of  1804,  the  season  that  Sir  Archy  was  got, 
old  Diomed  stood  at  Col.  Selden's  below  Richmond.  Mr.  Sel- 
den,  his  son,  who  is  now  living,  saw  Castianira — the  dam  of 
Archy — covered  on  the  same  day  by  Diomed,  that  he  got 
Wrangler.  This  declaration  of  Mr.  Selden  puts  the  question 
beyond  all  doubt.  But  if  we  were  to  reason  on  other  circum- 
stances, I  should  reject  Gabriel  as  the  sire  of  Sir  Archy.  Ga- 
briel's stock  were  not  large,  but  only  common  size  ;  hence  the 
improbability  of  his  being  the  sire  of  so  large  a  horse  as  Sir 
Archy.  Whereas,  Diomed's  stock  were  generally  of  good  size, 
and  Sir  Archy  bears  a  strong  resemblance  to  the  Rockingham 
and  Herod  stock ;  of  which  blood  he  possessed  a  large  share, 
not  only  through  Rockingham,  but  also  through  Florizel,  the 
sire  of  Diomed. 

Sir  Archy  may  justly  be  allowed  to  be  one  of  the  best  bred 
horses  this  country  or  England  has  ever  produced,  fie  was  not 
only  a  distinguished  racer,  but,  as  a  stallion,  he  stands  upon 
higher  ground  than  any  other  horse  that  has  covered  in  Amer- 
ica, and  may  rank  with  the  best  stallions  in  England. 

He  has  done  as  much  for  the  turf  stock  of  this  country  as 
the  Godolphin  Arabian,  King  Herod,  or  Highflyer,  for  that  of 
Great  Britain.  Most  of  the  best  stock  at  present  in  this  coun- 
try are  either  immediately  from  the  loins  of  Sir  Archy,  or  have 
been  produced  from  his  sons  and  daughters.  Sir  Archy  covei'ed 
at  $50  the  season  until  within  a  few  years,  when  his  price  was 
raised  to  $75  the  season,  and  $100  insurance  ;  at  which  price 
he  now  covers  in  ISTorth  Carolina. 

A  list  of  his  most  distinguished  get  is  here  added,  but  it  is 
far  from  being  complete. 


Timoleon, 

Eoanoke, 

Reality, 

Janus,                    1  Bred  by  the  Hoi 
Mark  Antony,      '  John  Randolph. 
Rinaldo, 

Vanity, 

Lawrence, 

Director, 

Stockholder, 

Virginian, 

Bertrand, 

Carolinian, 

Pacific, 

*  Vide  his  letter  to  J.  S.  Skinner,  Esq.,  in  Am.  Farmer,  vol.  9,  p.  143. 


174 


THE  HORSE. 

Eatler, 

Cherokee, 

Cliilders, 

Arab,          ^ 

Sumter, 

Coquette, 

■•      V.V 

Flirtilla, 

Jeannett, 

x>r 

Sir  Charles, 

Tariff; 

Janette, 

Gohanna, 

Napoleon, 

Phillis, 

Full  sister  to  Napoleon, 

Creeping  Kate, 

Eeap  Hook, 

Robert  Adair, 

Contention, 

Lady  Burton, 

Lady  Lightfoot, 

Fantail, 

Sir  Henry- 

Giles  Scroggins, 

Sir  WiUiam, 

Sir  Arthur, 

Muckle  John, 

Pirate, 

Marion, 

Lady  La  Grange, 

Tecumseh, 

Earity, 

Saxe  "Weimar, 

Kosciusko, 

Kate  Kearney, 

And  many  others  not  recollected. 

rican  Turf  Registe 

r,  vol.  i., 

1829. 

Bred  by  Mr.  Brodnax. 


Tours,  &c. 


MEMOIR 


DIOMED,  SIRE  OF  SIR    ARCHY    AND    DUROC— AND  GRAY 
DIOMED,    SIRE   OF   DUROC'S   DAM,    AMANDA. 

"Washington,  October^  1829. 

As  connected  with  the  memoir  of  Duroc,  a  notice  of  Diomed, 
his  sire,  and  of  Gray  Diomed,  the  sire  of  his  dam,  Amanda, 
may  not  be  unacceptable. 

Diomed,  by  Florizel ;  dam  by  Spectator — see  General  Stud 
Book,  page  193 — was  a  very  distinguished  racer  in  England, 
the  first  winner  of  the  Derby ;  and  as  a  stallion,  although 
placed  in  competition  with  Highflyer,  Sir  Peter  Teazel,  Rock- 
ingham, Pegasus,  &c.,  was  no  less  celebrated.  His  progeny  in 
England  were, 


Tortoise,      .        .        .      foaled  1786 

David, 1790 

Hermione,  ....  1780 

Fanny, 1790 

B.  c.  out  of  Carina,  .  .  1790 
Hackabout,  .  .  .  .1791 
F.  out  of  Active,  .  .  1790 
Ch.  c.  out  of  Sir  Peter's  sister,  1794 
Whiskey,  .  .  .  .1789 
Little  Pickle,  .  .  .  1790 
Champion,  .  .  .  )  1790 
Hero,  ....>•  1792 
Sister  to  Champion  and  Hero,  )  1793 
Michael,           ....     1790 

C.  out  of  Crane,  .  .  .  1793 
B.  f  ■  out  of  Danae,  .  .  1788 
Ch.  f.  Desdemona  (see  General 

Stud  Book,  page  274),     .  1788 

Rosabella's  dam,  ,  .  .  1793 
Speculator,  .         ,        .         1794 

Dam  of  Whiskey  (See  General 

Stud  Book,  page  275),  .     1785 


Gray  Diomed,  one  of  the  most " 
celebrated  horses  that  ever 
ran  in  England  ;  afterwards 
ran  with  such  success  in  Rus- 
sia, that  several  of  his  stock 
were  sent  for  from  that  em- 
pire. 

Ch.  f.  sister  to  Gray  Diomed, 

Ch.  c.  brother  to  Gray  Dio- 
med,    .... 

Robin  Grey, 

Cedar,      .... 

Greyhound, 

Poplar,     .... 

B.  c.  out  of  Dax, 

Monkey, 

Montezuma, 

Quetlavaca,      .... 

Guatimozin, 

Ch.  f.  sister  to  do.   . 

Ch.  c.  out  of  Grenadier's  dam, 

Ch,  f.  out  of  Isabel,     . 


1788 

1789 
1790 
1793 
1794 
1795 
1791 


foaled  1786 

.  1788 

.   (  1788 

(  1790 

1791 

1793 


176 


THE   HORSE. 


C.  out  of  Fleacatcher,  foaled"]  1790  Brother  to  Amazon,        foaled)  1789 

Sister  to            do.  .           I  1787  Amazon,      .         .         .         .  >  1792 

Sir  Charles,  brother  to  do.        f  1790  Sister  to  do.     .         .         .  )  1793 

Wrangler,          do.  J  1791  B.  f.  out  of  Cheesecake,      .  1791 

Brother  to  Butterfly,  .  .          1794  Ch.  f.  out  of  Mrs.  Siddons,  .     1792 

Giantess,          .         .  .          W790  Brother  to  Venture,    .         .  1794 

Young  Giantess,          .  .      [-1790  Ch.  f.  out  of  Mopsqueeser,  .     1790 


Pamela,  .        .        .        .  )  1791  Young  Noisette,           .  .          1789 

Tom, 1790  B.  c.  out  of  Rosaletta,  .        .     1790 

Anthony,         .        .         .  )  1789  Aramanthe,         .         .  .          1788 

Sister  to  do,         .         .         .  \  1790  Valiant,  .        .        .  .          )  1785 

Glaucus,           ...  J  1786  Victor,        .        .        .  .      [  1786 

Lais,            .        .        .        .  y  1787  Brother  to  do.         ,  .          N  1787 


Brother  to  do.         .         .  )  1789     B.  f.  out  of  Temperance,     .  1788 

Foreigner,  .        .        .         .      i  1790    Laurentina,     ....      1794 
Sister  to  do.  (Snug's  dam)         ]  1793     B.  c.  out  of  Tulip,       .         .  1794 

At  twenty-two  years  old,  Diomed  was  imported  into  Vir- 
ginia by  the  late  Col.  John  Hoomes,  of  the  Bowling  Green. 
The  most  distinguished  of  his  get  in  Virginia — I  write  from 
memory,  and  if  wrong,  ask  for  correction — were. 

Sir  Archy,  dam  by  Eockingham,  bred  by  Col.  Tayloe,  after- 
wards owned  and  run  by  "W.  R.  Johnson,  Esq.*       foaled  1805 

Florizel,  dam  by  Shark — in  1S05,  beat  Peace  Makei', 
the  celebrated  matcli,  four-mile  heats — Major  Ball,         .     1802 

Potomac,  ran  and  won  at  Petersburg,  two  miles  in 
3m.  43s. ;  the  quickest  race  to  this  day  in  America — Mr. 
Wilkes, 1801 

Peace  Maker,  bred  by  Col.  Hoomes,  afterwards  owned 
and  run  by  Col.  Tayloe, 1801 

Top  Gallant,  dam  by  Shark — Mr.  Clayton ;  after- 
wards owned  and  run  by  Col.  Tayloe,     ....     1801 

Hamlintoniau,  dam  by  Shark — Mr.  Hamlin ;  after- 
wards owned  and  run  by  Col.  Tayloe,     ....     1801 

Vingtun,  dam  by  Clockfast— sold  in  1803  for  $2750— 
Gen.  Wade  Hampton  and  Gov.  Ed.  Lloyd,     .         .         .     1801 

Stump  the  Dealer,  dam  by  Clockfast — W.  E.  Johnson 
and  Ealph  Wormeley,  Esq., 1801 

Duroc,  dam  by  Gray  Diomed — Wade  Mosby,  Esq. — 
W.  M.  and  Mr.  Badffer 1806 


*  It  has  been  stated,  but  I  believe  on  no  good  ground,  that  the  imported  Gabriel 
bv  Dornnaut — a  very  distinguished  horse  and  sire  of  those  excellent  horses,  Post 
Boy,  Oscar  and  Earlequin — was  also  sire  of  Sir  Archy. 


GET    OF    DIOMED.  1T7 

Hampton,  dam  by  Gray  Diomed — Gen.  Hampton — 

Mr.  J.  V.  Bond, foaled  180G 

Com.  Truxton, — Gen.  Andrew  Jackson,         .         .  180G 

The  dam  of  Henry, 180G 

And  the  dam  of  Eliza  White,         .         .         .         .  1800 

Gray  Diomed,  sire  of  Amanda,  was  by  the  imported  Med- 
ley ;  his  dam  by  Sloe  ;  grandam  by  Yampire,  &c. — was  foaled. 
May,  1786.  Of  his  races  previous  to  1793,  when  purchased  of 
Mr.  Richard  Brooke  by  Col.  Tayloe  for  $800, 1  am  not  informed. 
In  August,  1793,  he  won  a  match,  4  miles,  beating  Mr.  Page's 
famous  Isabella  at  the  Bowling  Green.  In  October,  he  won 
there  a  jockey  club  purse.  In  November  he  won  a  jockey 
club  purse  at  Petersburg.  In  September,  179-4,  he  Avon  tlie 
jockey  club  purse,  four-mile  heats,  at  the  Bowling  Green.  In 
October  he  won  the  jockey  club  purse,  four-mile  heats,  at 
Chestertown,  Md.,  beating  Gen.  Pidgely's  famous  Cincinnatus, 
then  four  years  old.  During  the  same  month  he  won  the  jockey 
club  purse  at  Annapolis,  beating  Cincinnatus,  the  equally  famed 
Virginia  Nell,  Nantoaki,  and  others — on  which  occasion  there 
were  two  striking  evidences  of  bottom  ;  through  mistake,  after 
winning  the  heat,  another  mile  was  run,  terminating  in  a  dead 
heat,  between  him  and  Cincinnatus.  In  the  next  heat,  soon 
after  starting,  in  endeavoring  to  pass  on  the  inner  side,  he  cut 
within  the  pole,  had  to  return,  and  barely  saved  his  distance  ; 
running  the  whole  heat  at  his  utmost  speed ;  yet  was  winner 
of  the  race.  In  December,  when  winning  at  Alexandria,  lie 
fell  over  a  dog,  by  which  accident  he  lost  the  race.  He  started 
but  once  more,  for  a'  sweepstakes  at  Leeds,  against  Mr.  Wash- 
ington's horse,  and  Mr.  Butler's  mare,  but  being  lame  he  lost, 
beating  the  latter.  Sold  by  Col.  Tayloe  in  1798  to  Mr.  J.  Blick 
for  $2200.— America?i  Turf  Begister,  vol.  i.,  1829. 


Vol.  I.— 12 


MEMOIE 

OF    AMERICAN    ECLIPSE. 

The  portrait,  accompanying  this  memoir,  of  the  celebrated 
racer,  "  American  Eclipse,"  was  engraved  by  Messrs.  Capewell 
and  Kimmell,  of  this  city,  from  the  original  j)ainting,  made  by 
Mr.  Fisher,  of  Boston,  for  the  late  Charles  Henry  Hall,  Esq.,  of 
New  York,  and  is  acknowledged  by  all  good  judges  to  be  an 
excellent  likeness.  This  horse  is  now  fifteen  years  old,  chestnut, 
with  a  star,  and  the  near  hind  foot  white ;  is  fifteen  hands  one 
inch  high,  and  possesses  a  large  share  of  bone  and  mnscle. 
Eclipse  was  foaled  at  Dosoris,  Queens  county.  Long  Island,-  on 
the  25th  May,  1814,  and  was  reai-ed  by  the  late  Gen.  Nathaniel 
Coles,  the  breeder,  in  whose  possession  he  remained  till  the 
IStli  March,  1819,  when  he  became  the  property  of  Mr.  Yan 
Ranst.  His  sire  was  Duroc  ;  his  dam.  Miller's  Damsel,  by 
Messenger ;  his  grandam  the  English  PotSos  mare,  imported  at 
three  years  old,  in  1795,  by  William  Constable,  Esq.,  of  New 
York.  PotSos  sired  by  the  celebrated  English  Eclipse  ;  his 
great  grandam  by  Gimcrack  ;  Gimcrack  by  Cripple ;  and  Crip- 
ple by  the  Godolphin  Arabian. 

•From  a  memorandum  in  the  handwriting  of  Gen.  Nathaniel 
Coles,  the  breeder,  it  appears  that  he  was  reared  in  the  follow- 
ing manner.  The  colt  was  weaned  on  the  10th  of  November. 
At  the  commencement  of  winter,  fed  with  four  quarts  of  shorts, 
which  was  increased  during  the  winter  to  eight  quarts  per  day ; 
hay,  clover  dampened. 

Second  year,  in  the  spring,  turned  to  grass  with  no  grain. 
November  10th,  put  up — fed  with  eight  quarts  shorts  per  day  ; 
during  winter,  shorts  increased  to  ten  quarts — hay,  the  same  as 
first  winter. 

Third  year,  turned  to  grass,  with  four  quarts  shorts  per  day. 
September  1st,  commenced  breaking — feed,  eight  quarts  oats — ■ 


AMERICAN   ECLIPSE.  179 

through  the  winter,  hay  as  formerly — grain,  ground  corn  and 
oats,  equal  to  eleven  quarts  oats.  March  1st,  commenced  and 
trained  for  nine  weeks,  then  gave  a  trial  of  two  miles,  and  found 
the  colt  very  superior. 

Fourth  year,  in  summer  turned  to  grass — fed  with  ground 
oats  and  corn,  equal  to  nine  quarts  oats — in  winter,  hay  as  for- 
merly, Avith  nine  quarts  oats  per  day,  till  the  first  March,  1818, 
when  commenced  training ;  feed,  oats  and  cracked  corn,  equal 
to  twelve  quarts  oats. 

Fifth  year,  late  in  May,  1818,  ran  the  three-mile  heats  at 
Newmarket,  on  Long  Island,  and  won  the  first  day's  purse  with 
ease,  beating  Black-eyed  Susan,  and  Sea  Gull,  then  called  the 
best  three-mile  horse  of  the  day  ;  turned  to  grass  first  June, 
with  about  six  quarts  of  oats  a  day  ;  in  winter,  fed  with  hay  as 
before,  with  ground  corn  and  oats.  March  15th,  1819,  sold 
Eclipse  to  Mr.  Van  Eanst. 

At  five  months  old,  while  a  suckling,  he  gave  his  owner  such 
a  sample  of  stride,  strength  and  speed,  that  he  was  at  that  time 
named  "  American  Eclipse." 

"While  a  colt  he  was  not  confined,  but  during  the  winter 
season  turned  out  every  fiiir  day.  He  was  first  shod  in  the 
spring,  when  three  years  old. 

In  June,  1819,  he  won  the  Jockey  Club's  purse  of  $500,  run- 
ning the  four-mile  heats  over  the  Bath  course,  beating  Mr. 
Purdy's  horse,  Little  John,  by  the  Virginia  Potomac ;  Mr. 
Bond's  horse  Eclipse,  by  First  Consul ;  and  Mr.  Potter's  horse, 
James  Fitz  James,  by  Sir  Archy. 

In  October,  1819,  he  again  ran  the  four-mile  heats  at  Bath, 
winning  the  purse  of  $500,  beating  Mr.  Purdy's  horse,  Little 
John  ;  Mr.  Schenck's  horse,  Fearnought ;  and  Mr.  Bond's  colt ; 
the  two  latter  being  withdrawn  the  second  heat.  The  Bath 
course  measured  fifteen  links  over  a  mile  ;  the  first  heat  of  this 
race  was  run  in  eight  minutes  and  thirteen  seconds,  and  the 
second  in  eight  minutes  and  eight  seconds. 

In  the  spring  of  1820,  Eclipse  stood  to  mares  on  Long  Island, 
at  $12  50  the  season.  In  the  spring  of  1821,  he  again  covered 
as  a  common  stallion,  at  $12  50  the  season,  and  covered  eighty- 
seven  mares  ;  nor  was  it  contemplated  to  bring  him  again  upon 
.the  tmf:  but  the  leo;islature  of  the  State  of  ]^ew  York  having: 


180  THE   HOESE. 

new  modelled  tlie  law  respecting  racing,  and  a  society  being 
re-organized  specially  for  the  improvement  of  onr  breed  ot 
horses,  Mr.  Yan  Kanst  was  induced  again  to  put  Eclipse  in 
training  for  the  four-mile  heats  to  be  run  over  the  New  Union 
course,  eight-miles  from  Brooklyn,  and  near  the  Jamaica  Turn- 
pike, in  October  of  that  year. 

From  an  opinion,  long  entertained  by  sportsmen,  that  cover- 
ing renders  a  horse  unfit  for  the  race,  the  friends  of  Eclipse 
questioned  the  policy  of  again  running  him  ;  but  the  event 
proved  that,  so  far  as  he  was  concerned,  the  opinion  was  un- 
founded. 

The  races  commenced  the  15th  of  October,  1821,  when  four 
horses  started  for  the  purse  of  $500,  to  run  the  four-mile  heats  ; 
viz.  American  Eclipse  ;  Mr.  Sleeper's  brown  mare.  Lady  Light- 
foot,  by  Sir  Archy  ;  Mr.  Schenck's  horse.  Flag  of  Truce,  by 
Sir  Solomon  ;  and  Mr.  Schomj)'s  horse,  Heart  of  Oak.  The  two 
last  named  horses  were  drawn  after  the  first  heat,  and  Lady 
Lightfoot  was  distanced  in  the  second,  being  nine  years  old — 
she  had  run  upwards  of  twenty  races — some  very  severe  ones  ; 
and  was  out  of  order. 

The  bets  at  starting  were  two  to  one  on  the  mare.  The 
mare  led  until  the  last  quarter  of  the  first  heat,  when  Eclipse 
passed  her,  coming  in  two  lengths  ahead.  In  the  second  heat 
Eclipse  passed  her  in  running  the  third  mile,  and  from  that  time 
left  her  alone.  The  time  was,  first  heat,  eight  minutes  and 
four  seconds  ;  the  second  heat,  eight  minutes  and  two  seconds, 
and  the  course  measured  thirty  feet  over  a  mile. 

In  the  following  week.  Eclipse  was  exhibited  at  the  annual 
exhibition  of  the  New  York  county  Agricultural  Society,  and 
received  the  society's  first  premium,  $50,  for  the  best  stallion. 

In  May,  1822,  Eclipse  won  the  purse  of  $700  for  four-mile 
heats  at  the  Union  course,  beating  Mr.  Badger's  five-year-old 
horse.  Sir  Walter,  by  Hickory.  A  bet  of  considerable  amount 
was  made  by  the  owners  of  the  two  horses  on  the  first  heat, 
which,  with  the  second  heat,  was  won  by  Eclipse.  Time,  first 
heat,  seven  minutes  and  fifty-four  seconds  ;  second  heat,  eight 
minutes. 

In  October,  1822,  he  again  ran  the  four-mile  heats  at  the 
Union  course,  for  tlie  $1000  purse,  which  he  won,  beating  a 


AMERICAN   ECLIPSE.  l8l 

second  time,  Mr.  Badger's  liorse,  Sir  Walter  ;  Mr.  Sleeper's  bay 
mare,  Duchess  of  Marlborough,  by  Sir  Archy  ;  and  Mr.  Jack- 
son's mare,  Slow  and  Easy,  by  Duroc.  The  first  heat  was  run 
in  se^en  minutes  and  fifty-eight  seconds,  when  the  two  mares 
were  withdrawn,  and  Sir  Walter  stopping  short  in  the  second 
heat.  Eclipse  came  in  at  his  leisure.  A  day  or  two  previous  to 
this  race,  a  challenge  appeared  in  the  Kew  York  papers  by 
Mr.  James  J.  Harrison,  of  Brunswick,  Ya.,  in  wliicli  he  offered 
to  "  run  Sir  Charles  against  the  American  Eclipse,  over  the 
Washington  course,  four-mile  heats,  agreeably  to  the  rules  of  the 
course,  for  five  or  ten  thousand  dollars."  This  challenge  was 
promptly  accepted  by  Mr.  Yan  Ranst,  who,  as  two  sums  were 
named  by  Mr.  Harrison,  chose  the  greatest,  that  the  object  of 
the  contest  might  correspond  with  the  fame  of  the  hoi'ses. 

The  forfeit  money,  $5000  each,  having  been  deposited,  the 
time  for  running  was  fixed  for  the  20tli  of  November.  At  the 
hour  of  starting,  both  horses  were  brought  out  and  the  riders 
mounted ;  but  instead  of  running  agreeably  to  the  challenge, 
Mr.  Harrison  gave  notice  that  as  his  horse  had  met  with  an 
accident,  he  would  pay  the  forfeit.  He  at  the  same  time  pro- 
posed to  run  a  single  four-mile  heat,  for  $1500  each,  which  being 
instantly  agreed  to,  the  horses  started.  Eclipse  taking  the  lead. 
On  the  last  round,  Sir  Charles  broke  down.  The  two  first 
rounds  were  run  in  one  minute  and  fifty -five  seconds  each,  and 
the  heat  in  eight  minutes  and  four  seconds.  In  this  race.  Sir 
Charles  carried  120  lbs.,  Eclipse  126  lbs. 

In  the  evening  of  the  same  day,  William  K.  Johnson,  Esq., 
of  Petersburg,  Ya.,  offered  to  produce  a  horse,  on  the  last  Tues- 
day in  May,  1823,  to  run  the  four-mile  heats  against  Eclipse, 
over  the  Union  course  on  Long  Island,  agreeably  to  the  rules 
of  that  course,  for  $20,000  a  side,  $3000  forfeit. 

This  challenge  was  immediately  accepted  by  Mr.  John  C. 
Stephens  ;  in  consequence  of  which  Col.  Johnson,  on  the  day 
mentioned,  appeared  on  the  race  with  a  four-year-old  chestnut 
colt,  called  Henry — John  Richards,  intended  for  the  race,  hav- 
ing been  lamed — about  fifteen  hands  one  inch  high,  which  had 
been  bred  by  Mr.  Lemuel  Long,  near  Halifax,  Korth  Carolina. 
Henry  was  sired  by  Sir  Archy  ;  his  dam  by  Diomed  ;  her  dam 
by  Bell  Air;  hers  by  Pilgrim;  hers  by  Janus;  hers  by  Jolly 


182  THE   HORSE. 

Roger  ;  liers  by  Yaliant — imported  lioi'ses.  About  half-past  12 
o'clock,  both  horses  started.  Eclipse  was  rode  by  "VYm.  Crafts ; 
Henry  by  a  young  lad,  Henry  took  the  lead,  and  maintained 
it  through  the  lieat.  They  came  in  together,  Henry  beating 
Eclipse  by  half  a  length,  but  apparently  "  hard  in  hand." — Bets 
on  the  second  heat,  three  to  one  on  Henry. 

During  the  second  heat.  Eclipse  was  rode  by  Mr.  Purdy. 
Henry  again  took  the  lead,  and  kept  it  until  the  last  quarter  of 
the  third  mile,  when  Purdy  made  a  push,  and  Eclipse  passed 
his  rival  at  the  commencement  of  the  fourth  mile.  An  attempt 
was  made  by  Henry's  rider  to  recover  his  ground,  but  in  vain. 
He  was  beat  by  about  thirty  feet.  Henry  reined  in  on  passing 
the  distance  pole,  the  loss  of  the  heat  being  evident. 

When  the  horses  were  brought  out  for  the  third  heat,  the 
great  trainer,  Arthur  Taylor,  mounted  Henry,  instead  of  the  boy 
who  rode  him  the  two  first  heats.  On  starting.  Eclipse  took 
the  lead,  which  he  kept  to  the  end  of  the  race,  coming  in  about 
three  lengths  ahead  of  Henry,  both  at  their  utmost  speed — 
Henry  in  this  heat  having  been  reserved  for  the  last  quarter. 

The  time  of  running  the  three  heats,  as  given  by  the  judges, 
Gen.  Ridgely,  of  Baltimore  ;  Captain  Cox,  of  Washington  ;  and 
John  Allen,  Esq.,  of  Philadelphia,  was  as  follows  : 

First  heat,  7  niin.  37^  sec. — second  heat,  7  min.  49  sec. — 
third  heat,  8  min.  24  sec. 

Twelve  miles  in  23  minutes  and  50^  seconds. 

The  weights  carried  were — Eclipse,  126  lbs. — Henry,  108. 
Weights,  according  to  racing  calculations,  are  so  nicely  regu- 
lated to  correspond  with  age,  that  no  advantage  was  given  to 
Henry,  as  has  been  said  ;  on  the  contrary,  according  to  the 
long  established  usage  of  weights  on  the  Southern  courses,  now 
introduced  at  New  York,  Eclipse  had  an  advantage  of  8  lbs. — 
more  than  a  distance — 7  lbs.  =  240  yards. 

On  the  day  previous  to  the  race,  a  number  of  gentlemen 
visited  the  course  with  a  surveyor,  and  finding  it  thirty  feet 
over  a  mile,  reduced  it  as  nearly  to  a  mile  as  could  conveniently 
be  done,  leaving  it  still  eighteen  inches  over.  It  is  said,  how- 
ever, from  the  difference  in  the  nature  of  the  ground,  to  be  four 
or  five  seconds  quicker  than  the  Tree  Hill  course. 

Immediately  after  the  race,  Col.  W.  R.  Johnson  challenged 


AMERICAN   ECLIPSE,  183 

J.  C.  Stevens,  Esq.,  and  the  friends  of  Eclipse,  to  run  Henry 
against  Eclipse  the  ensuing  fall,  over  the  Washington  course, 
for  any  sum  from  twenty  to  fifty  thousand  dollars — forfeit,  ten 
thousand  dollars.  The  challenge  was  declined,  and  the  resolu- 
tion then  announced  has  been  adhered  to,  "  never,  on  any  con- 
sideration, to  risk  "the  life  and  reputation  of  the  noble  animal, 
whose  generous  and  almost  incredible  exertions,  have  gained 
for  the  north  so  signal  a  victory,  and  for  himself,  such  well- 
earned  and  never-fading  renown." 

Eclipse  was  accordingly  withdrawn  from  the  turf  and  put  to 
covering.  He  stood  one  season,  at  Boydton,  in  Yirginia,  at  $75, 
and  $100  to  insure — and  one  or  two  short  seasons  at  Baltimore, 
at  $50 — and  since  then,  we  believe,  in  New  York,  Kentucky, 
and  elsewhere.* 


THE  GEEAT  MATCH  RACE  BETWEEN"  ECLIPSE  AND  HEXRY. 

DESCRIBED  BT  AN  OLD  TURFMAN,   C.  E.  GOLDEN,  ESQ. 
From  the  Am.  Sporting  Magazine,  Vol.  ii.,  No.  1,  p.  3. 

New  Yoke,  July  3,  1830. 
Mk.  Edito  r  ; 

As  I  luwe  never  seen  in  print  a  full,  correct,  and  impartia. 
account  of  the  following  great  race,  and  having,  at  the  time, 
committed  my  observations  to  paper,  I  now  transmit  them.  As 
many  of  your  readers  may  not  have  witnessed  this  far-famed 
performance,  to  such  this  relation  may  be  interesting ;  should 
you,  therefore,  deem  it  worth  a  place  in  your  entertaining  pub- 
lication, you  are  at  liberty  to  insert  it. 

Great  Match  Race  between  American  Eclipse  and  Henry,  over  the 
Union  Course,  Long  Island,  3Iay  Ttth,  1823.  Heats  four  miles, 
for  $20,000.  The  Southern  gentlemen  to  he  alloived  to  name  their 
horse  at  the  starting  post. 

Doubts  were  entertained,  by  some  of  the  Xew  York  sports- 
men, to  the  last  moment,  whether  this  great  match  would  be 
contested  by  the  Virginia  gentlemen.  They,  it  was  perfectly 
understood,  had  left  Yirginia,  with  five  horses,  selected  from 
the  best  racers  which  ISTorth  Carolina  and  Virginia  could  boast 

*  Eclipse  died  on  the  11th  day  of  July,  1847,  on  the  farm  of  Jilson  Yates,  Esq., 
near  Shelbyville,  Ky.,  aged  thirty-three  years  and  forty-six  days.— Ed. 


184  THE   HORSK. 

of,  and  proceeded  to  the  estate  of  Mr.  Bela  Badger,  adjacent 
to  Bristol,  in  Pennsylvania,  distant  from  the  Union  course,  ahout 
ninety  miles,  where,  having  a  fine  course  upon  which  to  exer- 
cise and  try  their  horses,  they  had  made  a  halt. 

The  horses  selected  for  this  great  occasion,  as  also  to  contend 
for  the  three  purse  races  to  be  run  for,  on  the  three  days  subsequent 
to  the  match,  heats  of  four,  three,  and  two  miles  ;  were  Betsey 
Richards,  five  years  old  ;  her  full  brother,  John  Richards,  four 
years;  Henry,  four  years;  Flying  Childers,  five  years;  all  by 
Sir  Archy ;  and  Washington,  four  years  old,  by  Timoleon,  a 
son  of  Sir  Arch3\  With  one  of  the  three  first  named,  it  was 
the  intention  of  Mr.  William  R.  Johnson  to  run  the  match. 
Of  these,  at  the  time  he  left  home,  John  Richards  was  his 
favorite;  his  next  choice  was  Henry,  and  thirdly,  the  mare; 
although  some  of  the  Southern  gentlemen — and  amongst  others 
General  Wynn — gave  their  opinion  in  favor  of  running  the 
mare,  fearing  lest  Henry  might  get  frightened  by  so  large  a 
crowd  of  people  and  swerve  from  the  track. 

Unfortunately  for  the  Yirginians,  their  favorite,  John  Rich- 
ards, in  a  trial  race,  while  at  Mr.  Badger's,  met  with  an  accident, 
by  receiving  a  cut  in  the  heel  or  frog  of  one  of  his  fore  feet, 
which  rendered  it  necessary  to  throw  him  out  of  train ;  AVash- 
ington  also  fell  amiss,  and  he  and  Richards  were  left  behind  at 
Mr.  Badger's.  With  the  other  three  the  Southern  sportsmen 
proceeded  to  the  Union  course,  where  they  arrived  five  or  six 
days  previous  to  that  fixed  upon  for  the  match. 

The  ill-fortune  which  befell  the  Yirginians,  by  laming  their 
best  horse  in  the  onset,  seemed  to  pursue  them,  for  scarcely  had 
they  arrived  at  Long  Island,  and  become  fixed  in  their  new 
quarters,  when  Mr.  Johnson,  the  principal  on  their  part,  upon 
whose  management  =and  attention  their  success  in  a  great  mea- 
sure depended,  was  seized  with,  indisposition,  so  sudden  and 
violent,  as  to  confine  him  not  only  to  his  room,  but  to  his  bed, 
which  he  was  unable  to  leave  on  the  day  of  the  race.  Thus 
the  Southrons,  deprived  of  their  leader,  whose  skill  and  judg- 
ment, whether  in  the  way  of  stable  preparation,  or  generalship 
in  the  field,  could  be  supplied  by  none  other,  had  to  face  their 
opponents  under  circumstances  thus  far  disadvantageous  and 
discouraging.     Notwithstanding  these  unexpected  and  untoward 


DESCKIPTION    OF   SIK   irENRT.  185 

events,  tliey  met  the  coming  contest  manfully,  having  full  and 
unimpaired  confidence  in  their  two  remaining  horses,  Henry 
and  Betsey  Kichards,  and  backed  their  opinion  to  the  moment 
of  starting. 

At  length  the  rising  snn  gave  promise  that  the  eventful  day 
would  prove  line  and  nnclouded.  I  Avas  in  the  field  at  the  peep 
of  dawn,  and  observed  that  the  Southern  horse  and  mare,  led  by 
Harry  Curtis  in  their  walk,  were  both  plated,  treated  alike,  and 
both  in  readiness  for  the  approaching  contest.  It  was  yet  unknown 
to  the  Northern  sportsmen  which  was  to  be  their  competitor. 

The  road  from  JSTew  York  to  the  course,  a  distance  of  eight 
miles,  was  covered  by  horsemen,  and  a  triple  line  of  carriages, 
in  an  unbroken  chain,  from  the  dawn  of  day  until  one  o'clock, 
the  appointed  hour  of  starting.  The  stands  on  the  ground,  for 
the  reception  of  spectators,  were  crowded  to  excess  at  an  early 
hour,  and  the  club  house,  and  balcony  extending  along  its  whole 
front,  was  filled  by  ladies  ;  the  whole  track,  or  nearly  so,  for  a 
mile  distance  in  circuit,  was  lined  on  the  inside  by  carriages 
and  horsemen,  and  the  throng  of  pedestrians  surpassed  all  be- 
lief— not  less  than  sixty  thousand  spectators  were  corrvputed  to 
he  in  the  field. 

About  half-past  twelve  o'clock  Henry  made  his  appearance 
on  the  course,  as  the  champion  of  the  South,  and  was  soon  con- 
fronted by  his  antagonist. 

I  shall  now  endeavor  to  give  a  brief  description  of  these 
noted  racers. 

Henry  is  a  dark  sorrel,  or  chestnut  color,  with  one  hind 
foot  wdiite,  and  a  small  star  in  the  forehead ;  his  mane  and  tail 
about  two  shades  lighter  than  that  of  his  body  ;  he  has  been  rep- 
resented as  being  fifteen  hands  and  one  inch  high,  but  having 
taken  his  measure,  his  exact  height  is  only  fourteen  hands  three 
and  a  half  inches.  His  form  is  compact,  bordering  upon 
what  is  termed  pony-built,  with  a  good  shoulder,  fine  clean 
head,  and  all  those  points  which  constitute  a  fine  forehand  ;  his 
barrel  is  strong,  and  well  ribbed  up  towards  the  hip  ;  waist 
rather  short ;  chine  bone  strong,  rising  or  arched  a  little  over 
the  loin,  indicative  of  ability  to  carry  weight ;  sway  short ;  the 
loin  full  and  strong  ;  haunches  strong,  and  well  let  down  ;  hind 
quarters  somewhat  high,  and  sloping  ofif  from  the  coupling  to  the 


186  THE   H0E8E. 

croup  ;  thighs  full  and  muscular,  without  being  fleshy  ;  hocks,  or 
houghs,  strong,  wide,  and  pretty  well  let  down ;  legs  remark- 
ably fine,  with  a  full  proportion  of  bone  ;  back  sinew,  or  Achilles 
tendon,  large,  and  well  detached  from  the  canon  bone  ;  stands 
firm,  clear,  and  even,  moves  remarkably  well,  with  his  feet  in 
line  ;  i30ssesses  great  action  and  muscular  power,  and  although 
rather  under  size,  the  exquisite  symmetry  of  his  form  indicates 
uncommon  strength  and  hardihood.  He  was  bred  by  Mr.  Le- 
muel Long,  near  Halifax,  in  the  State  of  North  Carolina,  and 
foaled  on  the  17th  day  of  June,  1819.  He  was  got  by  Sir 
Archy,  son  of  imported  chestnut  Diomed,  his  dam  by  Diomed, 
grandam  by  Bel-Air,  g.  g,  dam  by  Pilgrim,  g.  g.  g.  dam  by 
Janus,  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Jolly  Roger,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by 
Valiant;  which  four  last  named  are  imported  horses,  and  are 
to  be  found  in  the  English  Stud-Book. 

Eclipse  is  a  dark*  sorrel  horse,  with  a  star,  the  near  hind 
foot  white,  said  to  be  fifteen  hands  three  inches  in  height,  but 
in  fact  measures,  by  the  standard,  only  fifteen  hands  and  two 
inches.  He  possesses  great  power  and  substance,  being  well 
spread  and  full  made  throughout  his  whole  frame,  his  general 
mould  being  much  heavier  than  what  is  commonly  met  with  in 
the  thoroughbred  blood-horse  ;  he  is,  however,  right  in  the 
cardinal  points,  very  deep  in  the  girth,  with  a  good  length  of 
waist ;  loin  wide  and  strong  ;  shoulder  by  no  means  fine,  being 
somewhat  thick  and  heavy,  yet  strong  and  deep  ;  breast  wide, 
and  ap]3arently  too  full,  and  too  much  spread  for  a  horse  of 
great  speed ;  arms  long,  strong,  and  muscular ;  head  by  no 
means  fine ;  neck  somewhat  defective,  the  junction  with  the  head 
having  an  awkward  appearance,  and  too  fleshy,  and  bagging  too 
much  upon  the  underside  near  the  throttle  ;  his  fore  legs,  from 
the  knee  downwards,  are  short  and  strong,  with  a  large  share 
of  bone  and  sinew ;  upon  the  whole  his  forehand  is  too  heavy. 
To  counterbalance  this,  his  hind  quarters  are  as  near  perfection 
as  it  is  possible  to  imagine.  From  the  hooks,  or  hip  bone,  to 
the  extremity  of  the  hind  quarter,  including  the  whole  sweep 
from  the  hip  to  the  hough,  he  has  not  an  equal ;  with  long  and 
full  muscular  thighs,  let  down  almost  to  the  houghs,  which  are 

*  We  should  not  call  him  a  dark  chestnut 


PEDIGEEE   OF   ECLIPSE.  187 

also  particularly  long,  and  well  let  down  upon  the  cannon  bone ; 
legs  short,  with  large  bone  and  strong  tendon,  well  detached, 
ujjon  which  he  stands  clear  and  even.  Although  his  form 
throughout  denotes  uncommon  strength,  yet  to  the  extraordi- 
nary line  construction  of  his  hind  quarters,  I  conceive  him 
indebted  for  his  great  racing  powers,  continuance,  and  ability, 
equal  to  any  weight.  I  have  closely  observed  him  in  his  gal- 
lops ;  if  he  have  a  fault,  it  is  that  of  falling  a  little  too  heavy 
on  his  fore  feet,  and  dwelling  a  little  too  long  on  the  ground  ;  but 
then  the  style  and  regularity  witli  which  he  brings  up  his  haunches, 
and  throws  his  gaskins  forward,  overbalance  other  defects. 

He  was  sired  by  Duroc,  a  Virginia  horse,  bred  by  Wade 
Moseby,  Esq.,  and  got  by  imported  chestnut  Diomed,  out  of 
Amanda,  by  Gray  Diomed,  a  son  of  old  Medley.  His — Eclipse's 
' — dam  was  the  noted  gray  mare  Miller's  Damsel,  got  by  imported 
Messenger.  His  grandam,  an  English  mare,  imported  when 
three  years  old,  in  1795,  by  William  Constable,  Esq.,  of  New 
York,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor,  and  sired  by  PotSos,  son  of 
English  Eclipse.  His  g.  g.  dam  by  Gimcrack,  Gimcrack  by 
Cripple,  and  Cripple  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian.  He  was  bred 
by  General  IN^athaniel  Coles,  of  Queens  County,  Long  Island, 
and  foaled  on  the  25th  of  May,  1814. 

All  horses  date  their  age  from  the  1st  of  January.  Tlius  a 
horse  foaled  any  time  in  the  year  1819,  would  be  considered 
four  years  old  on  the  1st  day  of  January,  1823.  Consequently, 
Henry,  although  not  four  years  old  complete  until  the  17th  day 
of  June,  had,  on  the  27th  of  May,  to  carry  the  regulated  weight 
— agreeably  to  the  then  rules  of  the  course — for  a  four-year-old, 
viz.  108  lbs.  Eclipse,  being  nine  years  old,  carried  weight  for 
an  aged  horse,  126  lbs. 

At  length  the  appointed  hour  arrived,  the  word  was  given  to 
saddle,  and  immediately  afterward  to  mount.  Eclipse  was  rid- 
den by  William  Crafts,  dressed  in  a  crimson  jacket  and  cap,  and 
Henry  by  a  Virginia  boy,  of  the  name  of  John  Walden,  dressed 
in  a  sky-blue  jacket,  with  cap  of  same  color.  The  custom  on  the 
Union  Course  is  to  run  to  the  left  about,  or  with  the  left  hand  next 
to  the  poles  ;  Eclipse,  by  lot,  had  the  left,  or  inside  station  at  the 
start.  Sir  Henry  took  his  ground  about  twenty-five  feet  wide  of 
him,  to  the  right,  with  the  evident  intention  of  nudving  a  run  in  a 


188  THE   HORSE. 

Btraiglit  line  for  the  lead.  The  preconcerted  signal  was  a  single 
tap  of  the  drum.  All  was  now  breathless  anxiety  ;  the  horses  came 
lip  evenly  ;  the  eventful  signal  Avas  heard,  they  went  off  hand- 
somely together ;  Henry,  apparently  quickest,  made  play  from  the 
score,  obtained  the  lead,  and  then  took  a  hard  pull.  By  the 
time  they  had  gone  the  first  quarter  of  a  mile,  which  brought 
them  round  the  first  turn,  to  the  commencement  of  what  ia 
termed  the  back  side  of  the  course,  which  is  a  straight  run, 
comprising  the  second  quarter  of  a  mile,  he  was  full  three  lengths 
ahead  ;  this  distance  he  with  little  variation  maintained,  running 
steadily,  witli  a  hard  pull,  during  the  first,  second,  tliird,  and 
for  about  three-fourths  of  the  fourth  round  or  mile ;  the  pace 
all  this  time  a  killing  one.  It  may  be  proper  to  note,  that  the 
course  is  nearly  an  oval,  of  one  mile,  with  tliis  small  variation, 
that  the  back  and  front  are  straight  lines  of  about  a  quarter  of 
a  mile  each,  connected  at  each  extremity  by  semicircles  of  also 
a  quarter  of  a  mile  each.  When  the  horses  were  going  the  last 
round,  being  myself  well  mounted,  I  took  my  station  at  tlie 
commencement  of  the  stretch  or  last  quarter,  where  I  expected 
a  violent  exertion  would  be  made  at  this  last  straight  run  in, 
when  they  left  the  straight  part  on  the  back  of  the  course,  and 
entered  upon  the  last  turn.  Henry  was,  as  heretofore,  not  less 
than  three  lengths  in  the  clear  ahead.  They  had  not  proceeded 
more  than  twenty  rods  upon  the  first  part  of  the  sweep,  when 
Eclipse  made  play,  and  the  spur  and  whip  were  both  applied 
freely ;  when  they  were  at  the  extreme  point  or  centre  of  the 
sweep,  I  observed  the  right  hand  of  Crafts  disengaged  from 
his  bridle,  making  free  use  of  his  whip  ;  when  they  had  swept 
about  three-fourths  of  the  way  round  the  turn,  and  had  ad- 
vanced within  twenty-five  rods  of  my  station,  I  clearly  saw 
that  Crafts  was  making  every  exertion  with  both  spur  and  whip 
to  get  Eclipse  forward,  and  scored  him  sorely,  both  before  and 
behind  the  girths ;  at  this  moment  Eclipse  threw  his  tail  into 
the  air,  and  flirted  it  up  and  down,  after  the  manner  of  a  tired 
horse,  or  one  in  distress  and  great  pain  ;  and  John  Buckley,  the 
jockey — and  present  trainer — who  I  kept  stationed  by  my  side, 
observed,  "  Eclipse  is  done."  When  they  passed  me  about  the 
commencement  of  the  stretch,  seventy  to  eighty  rods  from  home, 
the  space  between  them  was  about  sixteen  feet,  or  a  full  length 


THE   FIRST   HEAT.  1S9 

and  a  half  in  the  clear.  Here  the  rider  of  Henry  turned  his 
head  round,  and  took  a  view  for  an  instant  of  his  adversary ; 
"Walden  used  neither  whip  nor  spur ;  but  maintained  a  hard  and 
steady  ];>ull,  under  which  his  horse  appeared  accustomed  to  run. 
Crafts  continued  to  make  free  use  of  the  whip  ;  his  right  hand  in 
so  doing  was  necessarily  disengaged  from  the  bridle,  his  arm  often 
raised  high  in  air,  his  body  thrown  abroad,  and  his  seat  loose 
and  unsteady  ;  not  having  strength  to  hold  and  gather  his  horse 
with  one  hand,  and  at  the  same  time  keep  his  proper  position  ; 
in  order  to  acquire  a  greater  purchase,  he  had  thrown  his  body 
quite  back  to  the  cantle  of  the  saddle,  stuck  his  feet  forward 
by  way  of  bracing  himself  with  the  aid  of  the  stirrups,  and  in 
this  style  he  was  belaboring  his  horse  going  in  the  last  quarter. 
Buckley  exclaimed — and  well  he  might — "  Good  G — d,  look  at 
Billy."  From  this  place  to  the  winning  post.  Eclipse  gained 
but  a  few  feet,  Henry  coming  in  ahead  about  a  length  in  the 
clear.  The  shortest  time  of  this  heat,  as  returned  by  the  judges 
on  the  stand,  was  T  min.  37^  sec.  Many  watches,  and  mine 
— which  was  held  by  a  gentleman  on  the  stand — among  others, 
made  it  7  min.  40  sec. ;  and  this  time  the  Southern  gentlemen 
reported — see  Mr.  Johnson's  letter  of  the  28th  of  May,  ad- 
dressed to  Mr.  Crawford,  editor  of  the  Yirginia  Times. 

I  pushed  immediately  up  to  the  winning  post,  in  order  to 
view  the  situation  of  the  respective  horses,  after  this  very  try- 
ing and  severe  heat ;  for  it  was  in  fact  running  the  whole  four 
miles.  Hem-y  was  less  distressed  than  I  expected  to  find  him, 
Eclipse  also  bore  it  well,  but  of  the  two,  he  appeared  the 
most  jaded ;  the  injudicious  manner  in  which  he  had  been 
ridden,  had  certainly  annoyed,  and  unnecessarily  distressed  him  ; 
the  cause  of  his  throwing  out  his  tail,  and  flirting  it  up  and 
down,  as  already  observed,  was  now  apparent ;  Crafts,  in  using 
his  whip  wildly,  had  struck  him  too  far  back,  and  had  cut  him 
not  only  upon  his  sheath,  but  had  made  a  deep  incision  upon 
his  testicles,  and  it  was  no  doubt  the  violent  pain  occasioned 
thereby,  that  caused  the  noble  animal  to  complain,  and  motion 
with  his  tail,  indicative  of  the  torture  he  suffered.  The  blood 
flowed  profusely  from  one  or  both  of  these  foul  cuts,  and  trick- 
ling down  the  inside  of  his  hind  legs,  appeared  conspicuously 


190  THE   HORSE. 

upon  the  white  hind  foot,  and  gave  a  more  doleful  appearance 

to  the  discouraging  scene  of  a  lost  heat. 

The  incapacity  of  Crafts  to  manage  Eclipse — who  required 
much  urging,  and  at  the  same  time  to  be  pulled  hard — was  ap- 
parent to  all ;  he  being  a  slender  made  lad,  in  body  weight  • 
about  100  lbs.  only.  A  person  interested  in  the  event,  seeing 
Buckley,  who  had  ridden  the  horse  on  a  former  occasion,  with 
me,  requested  that  I  would  keep  him  within  call,  and  ready  to 
ride  in  case  of  an  emergency.  It  was,  however,  soon  settled, 
and  announced,  that  Mr.  Purdy  would  ride  him  the  second 
heat,  upon  which  long  faces  grew  shorter,  and  Northern  hope 
revived. — Six  to  four  was,  nevertheless,  offered  on  the  Southern 
horse,  but  no  takers. 

Second  Heat. — The  horses,  after  a  lapse  of  30  minutes,  were 
called  up  for  a  second  heat.  I  attentively  viewed  Eclipse  while 
saddling,  and  was  surprised  to  find  that  to  appearance  he  had  not 
only  entirely  recovered,  but  seemed  full  of  mettle,  lashing  and 
reacliing  out  with  his  hind  feet,  anxious  and  impatient  to  renew 
the  contest.  Mr.  Purdy  having  mounted  his  favorite,  was  per- 
fectly at  home,  and  self-confident.  The  signal  being  again 
given,  he  went  off  rapidly  from  the  start;  Henry  being 
now  entitled  to  the  inside,  took  the  track,  and  kept  the  lead, 
followed  closely  by  Eclipse,  whom  Mr.  Purdy  at  once  brought 
to  his  work,  knowing  that  game  and  stoutness  was  his  play, 
and  his  only  chance  of  success,  that  of  driving  his  speedy  ad- 
versary, up  to  the  top  of  his  rate,  without  giving  him  the  least 
respite.  Henry  went  steadily  on,  nearly  at  the  top  of  liis  sj^eed, 
keeping  a  gap  open  between  himself  and  Eclipse,  of  about 
twenty  feet  without  much  variation,  for  about  two  miles  and 
seven  eighths,  or  until  towards  the  conclusion  of  the  third 
mile  they  had  arrived  nearly  opposite  the  four-mile  distance 
post.  Here  Mr.  Purdy  made  his  run,  and  when  they  had  ad- 
vanced forty  rods  further,  which  brought  them  to  the  end  of  the 
third  mile,  was  close  up,  say  nose  and  tail.  They  now  entered 
upon  the  fourth  and  last  mile,  which  commences  with  a  turn  or 
sweep  the  moment  you  leave  the  starting  post.  Here  the 
crowd  was  immense ;  I  was  at  this  moment  on  liorseback, 
stationed  down  the  stretch  or  straight  run,  a  short  distance 
below  the  winning  post,  in  company  with  a  friend,  and  Buck- 


THE    SECOND   HEAT.  191 

lev,  the  jockey,  who  kept  close  to  me  during  the  whole  race. 
We  pushed  out  into  the  centre,  or  open  space  of  the  ground,  in 
order  to  obtain  a  more  distinct  view  of  the  struggle,  which  we 
saw  making,  for  the  lead  ;  every  thing  depended  uj^on  this  effort 
of  Purdy ;  well  he  knew  it ;  his  case  was  a  desperate  one,  and 
required  a  desperate  attempt ;  it  was  to  risk  all,  for  all ;  he  did 
not  hesitate.  "When  the  horses  had  got  about  one  third  of  the 
w^ay  round  the  sweep,  they  had  so  far  cleared  the  crowd  as  to 
afford  us  a  distinct  view  of  them  a  little  before  they  reached 
the  centre  of  the  turn  ;  Eclipse  had  lapped  Henry  about  head 
and  girth,  and  appeared  evidently  in  the  act  of  passing.  Here 
Buckley  vociferated,  See  Eclipse  !  look  at  Purdy !  Ijj  heaven, 
on  the  inside  !  I  was  all  attention.  Purdy  was  on  the  left 
hand  or  inside  of  Henry ;  I  felt  alarmed  for  the  consequence, 
satisfied  that  he  had  thus  hazarded  all ;  I  feared  that  AValden 
would  take  advantage  of  his  position,  and  by  reining  in,  force 
liim  against  or  inside  one  of  the  poles.  Wlien  they  had  pro- 
ceeded a  little  more  than  half  way  round  the  sweep,  the  horses 
were  a  dead  laj);  when  about  three-fourths  round.  Eclipse's 
quarter  covered  Henry's  head  and  neck ;  and  just  as  they  had 
finished  the  bend,  and  were  entering .  upon  the  straight  run, 
which  extends  along  the  back  part  of  the  course.  Eclipse  for 
the  first  time  was  fairly  clear,  and  ahead.  He  now,  with  the 
help  of  the  persuaders,  which  were  freely  bestowed,  kept  up 
his  run,  and  continued  gradually,  though  slowly,  to  gain  during 
the  remaining  tliree  quarters  of  a  mile,  and  came  in  about  two 
lengths  ahead.  As  they  passed  up  the  stretch  or  last  quarter 
of  a  mile,  the  shouting,  clapping  of  hands,  waving  of  handker- 
chiefs, long  and  loud  applause  sent  forth  by  the  Eclipse  party, 
exceeded  all  description ;  it  seemed  to  roll  along  the  track  as 
the  horses  advanced,  resembling  the  loud  and  reiterated  shout 
of  contending  armies. 

I  have  been  thus  particular  in  stating  that  Mr.  Purdy  made 
his  pass  on  the  inside,  understanding  that  many  gentlemen,  and 
particularly  Mr,  Stevens,  the  principal  in  the  match  on  the  part 
of  Eclipse — and  for  aught  I  know  Mr.  Purdy  himself — insist 
that  the  go  hj  was  given  on  the  outside.  After  the  heat  was 
over,  I  found  that  my  friend  Mr.  M.  Buckley,  and  myself,  were 
far  from  the  only  persons  that  had  observed  the  mode  in  which 


192  THE   HOKSE. 

Mr.  Purely  ran  up  and  took  the  inside  track  from  Lis  adversary. 
The  circumstance  was  in  the  mouths  of  Inindreds.  In  corrobo- 
ration of  which,  I  will  quote  a  passage  from  the  Is^ew  Yoi'k 
Evening  Post,  of  May  28th,  1823,  giving  a  description  of  this 
second  lieat : — "  Henry  took  the  lead  as  in  the  first  heat,  until 
about  two-thirds  around  on  the  third  mile,  when  Purdy  seized 
wdth  a  quickness  and  dexterity  peculiar  to  himself,  the  favora- 
ble moment  that  pj-esented,  when  appearing  to  aim  at  the  out- 
side, he  might  gain  the  inside,  made  a  dash  at  him  accordingly, 
and  j}assed  him  on  the  leftP 

Here,  then,  the  observations  of  many,  independent  of  my 
friend  Mr.  M,  Buckley,  or  myself,  added  to  the  instantaneous 
and  striking  remark  of  B.,  which  did  not  fail  to  rivet  my  pecu- 
liar attention,  form  a  wonderful  coincidence.  Thus  circum- 
stanced, and  long  conversant  with  turf  matters,  rules,  and 
practices,  and  familiar  with  sights  of  this  kind,  it  was  impossible 
I  could  be  mistaken.  I  was  not  mistaken,  the  honest  belief  of 
some  gentlemen  to  the  contrary  notwithstanding. 

Time,  this  second  heat,  7  minutes,  49  seconds. 

Third  Heat. — It  was  now  given  out,  that  in  place  of  the 
boy  Walden,  who  had  rode  Henry  the  two  preceding  heals, 
that  Arthur  Taylor,  a  trainer  of  great  experience,  and  long  a 
rider,  equalled  by  few,  and  surpassed  by  none,  would  ride  him 
this  last  and  decisive  heat.  At  the  expiration  of  thirty  minutes 
the  horses  were  once  more  summoned  to  the  starting  post,  and 
Purdy  and  Taylor  mounted ;  the  word  being  given,  they  went 
off  at  a  quick  rate  ;  Purdy  now  taking  the  lead,  and  pushing 
Eclipse  from  the  score ;  and  indeed,  the  whole  four  miles,  ap- 
plying the  whip  and  spur  incessantly ;  evidently  resolved  to 
give  Henry  no  respite,  but  to  cause  him,  if  determined  to 
trail,  to  employ  all  his  speed  and  strength,  without  keeping 
any  thing  in  reserve  for  the  run  in.  Henry  continued  to  trail, 
apparently  under  a  pull,  never  attempting  to  come  up,  until 
they  had  both  fairly  entered  the  straight  run  towards  the  termi- 
nation of  the  last  mile,  and  had  advanced  within  about  sixty 
rods  from  home.  Here  Henry,  being  about  five  yards  behind, 
made  a  dash,  and  ran  up  to  Eclipse,  so  far  as  to  cover  his 
quarter  or  haunch  with  his  head,  and  for  a  moment  had  the 
appearance  of  going  past ;  he  made  a  severe  struggle  for  about 


THE   SECOND   CHALLENGE.  193 

two  hundred  yards,  when  he  again  fell  in  the  rear,  and  gave  up 
the  contest. 

Thus  terminated  the  most  interesting  race  ever  run  in  the 
United  States.  Besides  the  original  stake  of  $20,000  each,  it 
was  judged  that  upwards  of  $200,000  changed  hands. 

In  this  last  heat  Henry  carried  110  lbs.,  being  two  j)ounds 
over  his  proper  weight ;  it  not  being  possible  to  bring  Arthur 
Taylor  to  ride  less,  and  although  a  small  horse,  and  w^anting 
twenty  days  of  being  four  years  old,  he  made  the  greatest  ran 
ever  witnessed  in  America. 

Time,  this  heat,  8  minutes,  24  seconds. 

Thus  the  three  heats,  or  twelve  miles,  were  run  in  23  min- 
utes, 50|-  seconds,  or  an  average  of  7  minutes,  57  seconds  each 
heat ;  or  1  minute,  59  seconds  per  mile. 

Notwithstanding  this  defeat,  the  Southern  sportsmen  contin- 
ued to  be  inspired  with  so  much  confidence  in  their  horse,  that 
they  offered  to  renew  the  contest  for  a  much  larger  amount,  as 
appears  by  the  following  challenge  and  the  answer  thereto, 
which  I  give  as  connected  with  the  event. 

To  John  C.  Stevens,  Esq. 

Long  Island^  May  28,  1823. 

Sir — I  will  run  the  horse  Henry  against  the  liorse  Eclipse 
at  Washington  city,  next  fall,  the  day  before  the  Jockey  Club 
purse  is  run  for,  for  any  sum  from  twenty  to  fifty  thousand  dol- 
lars ;  forfeit  ten  thousand  dollars.  The  forfeit  and  stake  to  be 
deposited  in  the  Branch  Bank  of  the  United  States  at  Washing- 
ton, at  any  nameable  time,  to  be  appointed  by  you. 

Although  this  is  addressed  to  you  individually,  it  is  intended 
for  all  the  betters  on  Eclipse,  and  if  agreeable  to  you  and  them, 
you  may  have  the  liberty  of  substituting  at  the  starting  post,  in 
the  place  of  Eclipse,  any  horse,  mare,  or  gelding,  foaled  and 
owned  on  the  northern  and  eastern  side  of  the  JSTorth  River,  pro- 
vided, I  have  the  liberty  of  substituting  in  the  place  of  Henry, 
at  the  starting  post,  any  horse,  mare,  or  gelding,  foaled  and 
owned  on  the  south  side  of  the  Potomac.  As  we  propose  run- 
ning at  Washington  city,  the  rules  of  that  Jockey  Club  must 
govern  of  course. 

I  am  respectfully,  yours, 

William  R.  Johnson. 
Vol.  I.— 13 


194:  THE   nOESE. 


ANSWER. 


Dear  Sir — Tlie  bet  just  decided  was  made  under  circum- 
stances of  excitement,  which  might  in  some  measure  apologize 
for  its  rashness,  but  would  scarcely  justify  it  as  an  example; 
and  I  trust  the  part  I  took  in  it,  will  not  be  considered  as  a 
proof  of  my  intention  to  become  a  patron  of  sjiorting  on  so  ex- 
tensive a  scale.  For  myself,  then,  I  must  decline  the  offer. 
For  the  gentlemen  who  with  me  backed  Eclipse,  their  confidence 
in  his  superiority,  I  may  safely  say,  is  not  in  the  least  impaired. 
But  even  they  do  not  hesitate  to  believe,  that  old  age  and  hard 
service  may  one  day  accomplish,  what  strength  and  fleetness, 
directed  by  consummate  skill,  has  hitherto  failed  to  accom- 
plish. 

For  Mr.  Van  Kanst  I  answer,  that  he  owes  it  to  the  associa- 
tion who  have  so  confidently  supported  him,  to  the  State  at 
large,  who  have  felt  and  expressed  so  much  interest  in  his  suc- 
cess, and  to  himself  as  a  man,  not  totally  divested  of  feeling, 
never,  on  any  consideration,  to  risk  the  life  or  reputation  of  the 
noble  animal,  whose  generous,  and  almost  incredible  exertions, 
have  gained  for  the  North  so  signal  a  victory,  and  for  himself 
such  well  earned  and  never  failing  renown. 

I  remain,  sir,  your  most  obedient  servant, 

John  C.  Stevens. 
"Wm.  R.  Johnson,  Esq. 

As  Mr.  Yan  Eanst,  in  a  little  work  issued  from  the  press,  at 
his  instance,  entitled,  "  The  History  of  American  Eclipse,"  has 
touched  upon  the  comparative  powers  of  the  English  race- 
horses, of  the  past  and  present  day,  before  I  take  leave  of  the 
subject,  I  propose,  hereafter,  to  offer  a  few  remarks  in  reply. 

An  Old  Turfman. 


PEDIGKEE 

AND     PERFOKMANCES    OF     ARIEL. 

Fifty-seTen  races— forty-two  times  a  winner,  and  of  seventeen  four-mile  heats — 
having  run  345  miles — travelled  near  3,000 — and  won  about  ^25,000. 

Of  all  the  descendants  of  American  Eclipse,  none  liave  held, 
and  held  deservedly,  a  higher  place  than  this  noble  mare.  Her 
pedigree  is  undeniable  ;  her  performances,  in  regard  to  stoutness 
more  particularly,  almost  miraculous. 

I  well  remember,  long  before  mj  arrival  in  this  country, 
long,  indeed,  before  I  entertained  any  idea  of  making  it  my 
home,  reading  of  her  performances  in  the  English  newspapers, 
at  a  time  when  matters  of  local  interest  in  America,  seldom 
found  a  place  in  the  European  prints,  and  to  be  mentioned  in 
them  was,  in  itself,  a  proof  of  real  celebrity. 

She  was  a  beautiful  gray,  about  fifteen  hands  high,  of  good 
proportions,  strong  make,  and,  in  action,  said  to  have  been  strik- 
ingly handsome. 

The  following  account  is  from  the  American  Turf  Register 
of  Sept.,  183i. 

Ariel  certainly  ranks  with  the  best  race-horses  of  any  age  or 
clime.  To  adopt  the  language  of  a  valued  correspondent,  "  we 
doubt  whether  any  horse  of  any  'region'  ever  did  more  good 
running,  attended  with  such  extensive  and  constant  travel." 
From  reference  to  English  works  and  to  our  own  pages,  we  find 
no  account  of  any  horse  that  has  either  run  or  won  as  many 
races.  In  her  last  campaign  in  "  the  race-horse  region,"  she  ran 
and  won  thirty-six  miles  in  fifteen  days  :  the  first  race,  four-mile 


196  THE   HOKSE. 

lieats  at  Norfolk,  beating  horses  of  liigli  reputation,  and  winning 
the  second  heat  in  Tm.  43s. ;  the  next  a  race  of  three-mile  heats, 
at  Broad  Kock,  where  at  four  heats,  the  last  in  5m.  47s.,  she 
beat  the  "  crack  nags  "  of  Virginia ;  and  the  third,  another  race 
of  four-mile  heats,  severely  contested,  again  won  in  four  heats, 
and  in  extraordinary  time.  On  the  eighth  day  thereafter  she 
was  beaten,  the  four-mile  heats,  by  a  very  superior  three-year- 
old  ;  an  excellent  race  ;  yet,  in  the  two  consecutive  weeks,  im- 
mediately succeeding,  she  won  two  more  races. 

The  English  "patriarchs"  Childers,  Eclipse,  and  Highflyer, 
j)robably  had  more  speed  ;  and  our  Timoleon,*  Gallatin,  Sally 
"Walker,  and  Henry,  have  run  one,  two,  three,  and  four  miles, 
something  quicker  than  Ariel,  but  neither  of  them  exhibited  the 
same  degree  of  bottom  and  durability ;  few  were  put  to  the 
same  test,  nor  do  we  believe  as  much  money  has  been  staked 
on  either.  Others,  in  England,  equally  or  more  distinguished 
in  some  respects,  were  not  as  much  so  in  others. 

If  it  were  her  fate  sometimes  to  encounter  a  superior,  she 
was  never  beaten  by  that  one  in  a  second  canvpaign ;  when 
Monsieur  Tonson  and  Sally  Walker  were  her  victors,  during  the 
short  period  of  their  glorious  triumphs,  she  may  not  have  been 
in  equal  condition.  Recovering  readily  from  the  effects  of  a 
liard  race,  she  started  every  season,  at  every  meeting  within  her 
reach,  wearing  down  all  opponents  ;  she  was  never  known  to  be 
lame,  even  to  the  close  of  her  long  and  brilliant  career. 

When  beat  by  Flirtilla  in  their  great  match,  so  admirably 
described  by  "An  Old  Turfman,"  she  yielded  to  a  noble  foe, 
who  had  borne  off  every  laurel  that  season,  and,  the  next,  con- 
tinued her  triumphs,  until  she  broke  down  with  the  wreath  of 
victoryf  almost  within  her  grasp.  "  It  was  considered  marvel- 
lous, that  a  three-year-old  should  make  such  a  contest  with  such 
an  adversary ;"  especially  as  she  must  have  been  "  hurried  in 
her  work,"  to  have  changed  her  condition  in  the  brief  interval 
from  her  other  match. 

*  One,  two,  three  and  four  miles  have  been  run  by  them  in  Im.  473.,  Sm.  43s., 
6m.  42s.,  and  7m.  Z*l\s. 

•)•  Flirtilla,  in  the  Jockey  Club  race,  four-mile  heats,  at  Newmarket,  having  won 
the  first  heat,  severely  contested  by  Shakspeare,  broke  down  in  the  second ;  and 
the  race  was  won  by  Gohanna,  who  had  merely  saved  his  distance  the  fii  st  heat. 


PEDIGREE   OF   ARIEL.  197 

In  the  aggregate,  taking  into  view  speed,  bottom,  and  dura- 
bility ;  amount  of  running,  travel,  and  of  sums  "  lost  and  won" 
on  her,  we  think  Ariel  stands  unrivalled.  Her  time,  from  one 
to  four  miles  and  more,  is  scarce  second,  at  any  distance,  to  any 
on  authentic  record.  At  three  years  old,  she  ran  a  mile  on  the 
Union  Course,  winning  by  several  lengths,  well  in  hand,  in  1  m. 
■iSs. ;  a  few  weeks  after  she  won  a  three-mile  heat,  running  the  two 
last  miles  in  3m.  4:7s.  ;  at  eight  years  old,  on  the  same  course, 
she  was  beat  about  two  lengths  by  Arietta,  in  two  miles,  run  in 
3m.  44s. ;  at  five  years  old,  she  ran  a  second  heat  of  three  miles, 
beat  about  a  length,  by  Sally  "Walker,  in  5m.  42s. ;  and  at  six 
years  old,  won  readily  a  second  heat  of  four  miles  in  7m.  43s. 
Such  stoutness  was  never  exemplified,  as  in  her  sixteen-mile  race 
at  Newmarket ;  where,  after  winning  the  second  heat  of  four 
miles,  she  closely  contested  the  third,  run  in  7^n.  57s.,  and  won 
the  fourth  four-mile  heat  in  8m.  4*.  ! — the  best  third  and  fourth 
heats  e'oer  run.  Of  the  fifty-seven  races  she  has  run,  she  has 
h^en  forty-two  times  a  winner,  having  actually  won  seventeen 
Jockey  Club  purses,  of  four-mile  heats,  and  run  in  jpuhlic  more 
than  345  miles.  For  five  years,  from  the  spring  she  was  three, 
to  the  autumn  of  eight  years  old,  she  was  the  ornament  and 
dread  of  the  turf,  from  New  York  to  Georgia.  She  must  have 
travelled  at  least  3,000  miles — perhaps  more.  In  her  matches, 
and  Jockey  Club  purses,  she  has  "  lost  and  won"  about  $50,000. 

PEDIGREE. 

Ariel's  pedigree  is  worthy  of  her  performances.  Her  own 
brothers — Lance,  a  year  older  than  herself,  a  distinguished  runner 
that  beat  the  famous  Trouble,  a  great  match — O'Kelly,  that  beat 
Flying  Dutchman,  Mary  Randolph,  and  others,  with  such  eclat 
as  to  bring  $5,000 — and  St.  Leger  in  the  great  sweepstake  in 
Baltimore,  where  he  was  so  imaccountably  beaten,  but  has  since 
beat  Terror — her  own  sister  Angeline,  and  half  brother  Splendid, 
by  Duroc,  that  was  beat  at  three  years  old,  in  a  produce  match, 
by  Col.  Johnson's  Medley — are  all  well  known  to  fame.  Her 
grandam  gray  mare  Empress,  has  also  been  regarded  one  of  the 
most  renowned  race  nags  and  brood  mares  of  the  North.  Octo- 
ber, 1804,  at  four  years  old,  she  very  unexpectedly  beat  the 


•198  THE   H0E8E. 

famous  First  Consul,  for  the  Jockej  Club  purse,  four- mile  lieats, 
at  Harlem,  IST.  Y.     Tlie  first  race  he  lost. 

Besides  combining  the  three  valued  crosses  of  Herod, 
Matchem,  and  Eclipse,  it  will  be  observed  Ariel's  pedigree  is 
"richly  imbued  with  the  best  English  blood ; "  to  whicli  she 
traces  almost  directly  from  Childers,  Partner,  Crab,  Snap,  Cade, 
Spark,  Othello,  Gimcrack,  Mambrino^  Medley,  PotSos,  Messenger 
Baronet,  Diomed,  &c. ;  besides  deriving  her  descent  from  the 
best  early  importations.  ISTo  other  stock  probably  partakes  as 
much  of  the  Messenger  blood — no  less  than  four  crosses  ;  with 
two,  not  very  remote,  from  English  Eclipse,  two  from  Gimcrack, 
two  from  imported  Pacolet,  and  three  from  imported  Spark. 
Her  color  sustains  her  valuable  origin — running  so  much  into 
the  Arabian  blood. 

To  correct  what  may  seem  trifling  errors  in  the  pedigree  of 
Ariel,  before  published,  we  now  furnish  it  in  full ;  as  collated 
with  all  the  information  to  be  obtained,  from  the  most  authentic 
sources — especially  "American  Turf  Register." 

From  the  certificates  published  in  the  second  volume  of  the 
American  Turf  Register,  page  566,  it  appears  Ariel  was  bred 
in  1S22,  by  Mr.  Gerrit  Yanderveer,  of  Flatbush,  on  Long 
Island,  Kings  county,  New  York ;  and  that  she  was  got  by 
American  Eclipse;  her  dam  by  Financier;  grandam  Empress, 
by  imported  Baronet;  great  grandam,  by  imp.  Messenger;  her 
dam  by  Snap  out  of  Jenny  Duter,  by  True  Briton ;  her  dam 
Quaker  Lass  by  imported  Juniper,  out  of  the  imported  Molly 
Pacolet,  by  Pacolet ;  Molly  Pacolet's  dam  Whiteneck,  by  Crab  ; 
Godolphin  Arabian — Conyer's  Arabian — Ciirwen's  bay  Barb — 
Marshall's  Spot — White-legged  chestnut  Lowther  Barb — Yintner 
mare. 

American  Eclipse,  bred  by  Gen.  Coles  of  L.  I.,  foaled  1814; 
was  got  by  Diiroc,  his  dam  the  famed  race  mare  Miller's  Damsel, 
by  imported  Messenger,  out  of  the  imported  PotSos  mare ;  her,' 
dam  by  Gimcrack.  Duroc,  bred  by  Wade  Mosebj^,  Esq.,  of 
Powhatan  county,  Yirginia,  foaled  1806 :  was  got  by  imported 
Diomed,  out  of  Mr.  Moseby's  "  extraordinary  race  mare 
Amanda,"  by  Col.  Tayloe's  famed  Gray  Diomed,  son  of  imp. 
Medley.  Thus  far  Eclipse's  pedigree  is  unquestioned ;  for  the 
balance,  see  American  Turf  Register,  p.  50,  vol.  4.      Of  Sir 


aeiel's  ancestry.  199' 

Charles  Banbury's  Diomed,  imported  into  Yirginia,  1799,  having 
"filled  the  measure  of  his  glory,"  nothing  more  need  be  said. 
Messenger,  foaled  1780,  imported  about  17SG  or  '7  into  New 
York,  was  also  a  race-horse  of  repute  at  Newmarket ;  he  won 
some  good  races,  and  lost  but  few.*  He  was  a  gray,  of  great 
substance ;  was  got  by  Mambrino,  a  very  superior  stallion,  his 
dam  by  Turf,  son  of  Matchem,  Ancastor  Starling — Oxford  Turk 
— Merlin — Pert — Commoner — Coppin  mare.  See  English  Stud 
Book,  and  American  Eclipse's  pedigree  in  full,  American  Turf 
Register,  p.  51,  vol.  -1. 

Financier  was  got  by  Tippoo  Saib  ;  dam  by  imp.  Messenger, 
grandam  by  Bashaw  ;  great-grandam  by  Young  Bulle  Rock — 
the  famed  Selim — Hopper's  imported  Pacolet.  Tippoo  Saib,  a 
capital  racer  by  imported  Messenger,  his  dam  imported,  by 
Northumberland  —  Snap  —  Gypsey  by  Bay-Bolton  —  Duke  of 
Newcastle's  Turk — Byerly  Turk.  Tippoo  Saib  was  sire  to  the 
famous  Tippoo  Sultan,  that  beat  First  Consul,  1807,  and  chal- 
lenged Miller's  Damsel ;  and  was  out  of  Financier's  grandam  by 
Bashaw,  own  brother  to  the  famous  race  mare  Slammerkin ; 
the  ancestor  to  Ratler,  Sumter,  Childers,  Flirtilla,  Polly  Hopkins, 
Lady  Relief,  Jackson,  &c.,  the  son  of  imported  Wild  air,  by 
Cade,  out  of  "  the  imported  Cub  mare."  Young  Bulle  Rock,  l)y 
Bulle  Rock,  son  of  imported  Spark ;  dam  by  imj).  Bulle  Rock, 
imported  1730  into  Virginia — imp.  Dabster — imported  mare, 
out  of  the  famed  Britannia,  own  sister  to  True  Briton,  by  imp. 
Othello ;  her  dam  Gant's  imported  Milley.  Imp.  Bulle  Rock, 
by  the  Darley  Arabian  dam — Byerly  Turk — Lister  Turk — 
Natural  Arabian  mare.  Imported  Dabster  by'  Hobgoblin — 
Spanker — Hautboy.  Selim,  foaled  in  Maryland,  1759,  was  got 
by  the  famed  imp.  Othello,  out  Col.  Tasker's  famous  brood 
mare,  imported  Selima,  bj'  the  Godolphin  Arabian — said  to  be 
sister  to  Babraham,  out  of  the  Large  Llartley  mare.  Selim,  the 
best  race-horse  of  his  day,  was  purchased  of  Col.  Tasker,  at  one 
year  old,  for  £1000,  by  Sam'l  Galloway,  Esq.,  who  beat  with 
him  all  competitors,  in  the  best  time,  until  after  nine  years  old. 
See  American  Turf  Register,  vol.  1,  pp.  17,  62,  and  480. 

*  It  has  been  erroneously  stated  that  imported  Messenger  never  was  beat.  He 
lost  several  races  in  1785.  See  English  Racing  Calendar.  [Messenger  started  14 
times,  won  8,  lost  G,  received  forfeit  in  2,  paid  forfeit  once. — Ed.] 


200  THE   HORSE. 

Financier,  a  famous  racer,  w^as  owned  and  probably  bred  by 
Isaac  Dnckett,  Esq.,  of  Prince  George's  county,  the  land  of  liis 
maternal  ancestry. — J.  Y.  Bond,  of  Pennsylvania,  also  ran 
•with  success,  1812-13,  a  chestnut  horse  called  Financier. 

Baronet,  bay,  sixteen  hands  high,  foaled  1785,  bred  by  Sir 
"W".  Yavas(iur,  owned  and  run  by  the  Prince  of  Wales — George 
lY. — was  imported  into  New  York.  He  was  got  by  Yertumnus, 
out  of  Penultima,  by  Snap — Cade — Crab — Childers — Confede- 
rate filly  by  Gray  Grantham — Duke  of  Rutland's  Black  Barb. 
Yertumnus  by  Eclipse,  dam  by  Sweeper — son  of  Sloe — out  of  the 
Tartar  mare,  Mercury's  dam.  Baronet,  a  capital  racer,  won  for 
the  Prince  of  Wales — winner,  on  the  occasion,  of  17,000  guineas — 
the  great  Oatland  stakes  at  Ascot,  1791-2,  100  subscribers,  100 
guineas  each,  beating  the  best  horses  of  England,  a  handicap, 
for  all  ages. 

Snap — Gen.  Heard's — was  got  by  imp.  Figure,  out  of 
"  Heard's  thorougbred  mare  Nettle."*  Hamilton's  imp.  Figure 
ran  with  great  celebrity  in  Maryland,  1768  ;  he  beat  the  famous 
Selim,  four-mile  heats  ;  M'as  imp.  in  Maryland,  1765,  he  was  got 
by  Gray  Figure — son  of  Standard — out  of  Young  Mariamne,  by 
Crab — by  Croft's  Partner — Bald  Galloway.  He  ran  with  celeb- 
rity in  Maryland. 

True  Briton  by  imported  Othello,  out  of  Gant's  Milley. 
Othello — imported  1757,  by  Gov.  Sharpe,  of  Maryland — by 
Crab,  out  of  Miss  Slammerkin,  by  Young  True  Blue.  True 
Briton  was  a  racer  of  celebrity  ;  he  ran  a  great  match,  distancing 
Old  England  at  Harlem,  New  York ;  and  another  near  Phila- 
delphia, in  1765-6,  in  great  time,  considering  weight,  but  wa& 
beat  by  the  famous  Selim,  for  500  pistoles. 

Juniper,  imported  into  Yirginia,  1761,  was  got  by  Babra- 
ham,  out  of  Aura,  by  Stamford  Turk;  grandam,  by  brother  to 
Conqueror,  by  Fox;  g.  grandam,  by  Childers, — Basto — Cur- 
wen's  Bay  Barb — Curwen's  Spot — Lowther  Barb — Yintner  mare. 
Juniper,  a  celebrated  racer,  won  fourteen  out  of  eighteen  races, 
running  second  in  the  four  he  lost. 

Hopper's  imported  Pacolet,  was  got  by  Spark, — afterward 

*  1772  Delancy's  Nettle,  by  imported  Granby,  probably  the  same  as  Heard's, 
beat  Selim,  thirteen  years  old,  and  other  famed  horses,  the  four-mila  heats,  at  An- 
napolis, vol.  1,  p.  97.     See  Note  *  on  page  221. 


Ariel's  perfoemances.  201 

imported,  out  of  Queen  Mab,  also  imported  as  above.f  It  would 
appear  Molly  Pacolet  was  got  by  Pacolet — son  of  Spark — out 
of  his  own  sister  by  imp.  Spark,  son  of  Honeycomb  Punch,  out 
of  Wilkes'  Old  Hautboy  mare,  "  he  was  a  present  to  Gov.  Ogle, 
of  Maryland,  from  Lord  Baltimore,*  to  whom  he  had  been  pre- 
sented by  His  Royal  Highness,  Frederic  Prince  of  Wales  " — 
father  to  George  III. 

Further  detail  is  w^holly  unnecessary,  in  regard  to  the  residue 
ot  Ariel's  pedigree,  which  runs  to  the  early  horses  of  England 
— Arabians  and  Barbs. 

PERFORMANCES. 

Ariel  having  passed  through  many  hands  while  on  the  turf; 
and,  at  a  period,  until  her  last  year  of  racing,  when  there  was 
no  general  "  Pegister  "  to  record  her  achievements  ;  we  have 
made  this  compilation  from  several  creditable  sources,  for  which 
we  owe  obligation ;  especially  to  "  Numidian,"  for  the  account 
of  her  career  in  the  South  ;  and  to  Godolphin,  for  that  of  one  of 
her  splendid  achievements  at  the  IS^orth.  The  Old  Turfman,  to 
whom  we  must  be  satisfied  now  to  refer,  has  already  received 
our  thanks,  and  those  of  a  grateful  community. 

1.  1825,  April.  Ariel,  three  years  old,  won  a  race  of  one 
hundred  rods,  against  an  Eclipse  filly — Flying  Dutchman's 
dam — and  a  horse  by  Duroc. 

2.  A  fortnight  after,  she  again  won  a  race  of  one  hundred 
rods,  beating  Fox  by  Duroc,  Flying  Dutchman's  dam,  and  a 
Duroc  colt.  Fox,  a  gelding  yet  on  the  turf,  was  for  many  years 
the  crack  mile  horse  of  the  North — almost  invincible  in  a  single 
mile — at  which  he  beat  the  famous  Kentucky  mile  horse  Snow 
Ball,  by  half  a  ength,  at  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  in  Im.  49s. 
for  $1000.  Snow  Ball,  a  few  weeks  before,  had  beaten  the 
famed  Arietta — a  match  one  thousand  yards,  for  $1000. 

3.  Shortly  after  she  won,  mile  heats,  for  a  set  of  silver 
Bpoons,  beating  Fox,  Mr.  Yan  Panst's  Eclipse  colt.  Flying 
Dutchman's  dam,  and  Agnes,  by  Sir  Solomon.  Fox  being 
drawn,  Ariel  distanced  the  field  the  second  heat. 

*  Lord  Baltimore  was  about  this  period  the  leader  of  the  Prince's — the  opposi« 
tion — party  in  Parliament. — See  Walpole's  letters.  The  present  of  a  horse  so  famed 
ae  Spark,  was  to  be  regarded  as  a  special  favor,     f  See  Note  f  on  page  221. 


202  THE   HOESE. 

4.  Immediately  after,  she  won  a  matcli  against  Mr.  Jolin 
Stevens'  Flagellator,  then  considered  the  fastest  mile  horse  at 
the  Korth. 

5.  May.  Ariel  won  witli  great  ease,  for  II.  Lynch,  Esq.,  a 
matcli  against  a  Bussorah  colt — $1000  each — two  miles. 

6.  October.  The  ensuing  autumn,  at  the  same  course,  Mr. 
Lynch  won,  with  her,  a  match,  $5000  a  side,  against  Col.  W.  R. 
Johnson's  Lafayette,  also  three-year-old,  by  Virginian — mile 
heats.  A  "  Spectator  "  differs  from  the  Old  Turfman's  account, 
— in  American  Turf  Register,  vol.  2.  p,  555 — and  thinks  Ariel 
won  with  ease,  by  four  lengths,  each  heat.  Time,  Im.  48s. — 
Im.  52s. 

7.  October.  Three  weeks  thereafter,  on  the  Union  Course, 
backed  by  other  Northern  gentlemen,  in  union  with  Messrs. 
Lynch  and  Yerplanck,  she  ran  a  matcli*  for  $20,000  a  side, 
three-mile  heats,  against  Gen.  Wynn's  Flirtilla,  then  five  years 
old,  and  deemed  in  the  South  to  be  superior  to  any  nag  in  the 
country — also  backed  by  Col.  Johnson  and  other  Yirginia 
gentlemen.  A  severe  contest — and  won  in  three  heats.  Less 
than  six  inches  decided  the  second  heat,  and  the  issue  of  as  much 
as  $50,000.  Time,  5m.  54s. — two  last  miles,  3m.  47s. — 5m.  54s. 
— 5m.  54s. 


ARIEL  AND  FLIETILLA  RACE. 

By  the  Old  Turfman — D.   C.  Colden,   Esq. 

October  31st.  Match  for  $20,000,— each  stake,— three-mile 
heats. 

Gen.  Wm,  Wynn's  b.  m.  Flirtilla,  by  Sir  Archy  ;  dam  by 
Robin  Redbreast ;  five  years  old  ;  113  lbs. 

Mr.  Ileniw  Lynch's  gr.  f.  Ariel,  by  Eclipse;  dam  by  Finan- 
cier,f  three  years  old ;  87  lbs. 

This  match  grew   out  of  a  very  extraordinary  challenge, 

*  The  match  grew  out  of  an  extraordinary  challenge  to  run  Ariel  four-mile  heats, 
against  any  nag  to  be  named,  for  $1000  on  each  turn, — four  to  a  mile, — and  $10,000, 
the  main  race.  But  for  the  mode  of  running  the  first  heat,  and  accident  in  the 
second,  the  time  would  have  been  better. 

f  For  the  full  pedigrees  of  Ariel,  Financier,  and  dam  of  Tippoo  Saib,  see  the 
preceding  pages. 


aeiel's  condition.  203 

given  by  the  owner  of  Ariel,  at  the  dinner  table  in  the  club 
room,  on  the  4  th  inst.,  to  run  Ainel four-mile  heats,  against 
any  nag  to  he  named,  for  $1,000  on  each  turn  or  quarter  j)ole, 
four  turns  to  the  mile,  and  $10,000  on  the  maAn  race.  This  was 
not  taken.  On  the  day  following,  he  gave  a  second  challenge, 
to  run  Ariel  four-mile  heats,  against  any  horse,  mare  or  gelding 
that  might  then  he  named,  that  day  six  weeks,  for  $20,000, 
which  was  accepted  by  Dr.  Wyche,  of  Korth  Carolina,  who 
named  Flirtilla,  and  oifered  to  increase  the  bet  to  $50,000, 
which  was  not  acceded  to.  A  gentleman  present,  confederate 
with  the  owner  of  Ariel,  a  few  minutes  afterward,  made  two 
other  bets  with  Dr.  Wyche,  of  $5,000  each ;  thus  the  match, 
although  nominally  for  $20,000,  was,  in  point  of  effect,  for 
$30,000.  By  a  subsequent  arrangement,  the  distance  was  al- 
tered from  four  to  three-mile  heats,  and  the  31st  of  that  month 
— rOctober — agreed  upon  as  the  day  of  trial.  The  gray  filly, 
which  had  been  trained  for  the  race,  between  her  and  Lafayette, 
by  Mr.  liichard  Jackson, — who,  I  must  in  justice  say,  brought 
her  to  the  post  in  tip-top  order, — was  taken  out  of  his  hands, 
and  her  future  management,  or  preparation,  confided  to  Mr. 
Samuel  Laird,  a  trainer  of  some  exjDcrience,  whose  recent 
success  had  rendered  him  popular ;  and  Flirtilla,  who  had 
heretofore  been  trained  by  Gen.  Wynn's  black  servant  Charles, 
under  the  General's  superintendence,  was  now  put  under  the 
direction  of  Mr.  William  R.  Johnson.  Ariel  also  changed  her 
rider ;  and,  in  jilace  of  Black  Harry,  who  had  ridden  her  ad- 
mirably against  Lafayette,  Mr.  Laird's  nephew,  Madison  Laird, 
was  chosen  as  her  jockey.     Bob  Wooden  rode  Flirtilla. 

After  the  termination  of  the  regular  purse  races,  on  the  6th 
inst.,  business  called  me  to  the  North  ;  I  did  not  return  until  the 
30th,  consequently,  had  viewed  neither  of  the  horses  during  this 
latter  part  of  their  train.  Some  of  my  friends  who  had  taken  a 
pretty  deep  interest,  were  desirous  that  I  would  examine  their 
condition  and  give  my  opinion.  In  pursuance  of  which,  I  re- 
paired to  the  stables,  on  the  afternoon  immediately  preceding 
the  day  of  the  race,  and  was  politely  permitted,  by  the  owners 
of  the  respective  horses,  to  take  a  view.  I  found  Ariel  by  no 
means  in  the  order  to  be  desired  ;  her  coat  was  harsh,  and  her 
ekin  clapped  down  tight,  exhibiting  infallible  signs  of  her  having 


204  THE   HORSE. 

been  overmarked,  or  having  had  her  pores  collapsed  ;  and  I, 
without  hesitation,  told  a  friend  who  had  backed  her,  that  she 
was  wrong ;  that  whether  she  won  or  lost,  she  would  not  relieve 
herself  by  perspiring  freely,  either  while  running  or  after  the 
heat ;  that  nothing  but  an  accident  or  a  miracle  could  give  her 
the  race,  and  advised  him  to  get  his  money  off.  On  the  other 
hand,  the  coat  of  Flirtilla  had  a  satin  like-gloss ;  the  skin  when 
taken  hold  of,  showed  nothing  like  adhesion  to  the  body,  and 
handled  like  a  rich,  pliable,  yet  elastic  velvet.  She  was  drawn 
completely  into  muscle,  yet  fresh  upon  her  legs  ;  while  her  ani- 
mated countenance  gave  assurance  that  her  spirits  were  un- 
broken. 

Betting  went  on  briskly — no  odds  asked  or  given. 

At  length  the  long  and  anxiously  looked-for  day  arrived; 
and,  with  the  exception  of  the  great  match  between  Eclipse  and 
Henry,  the  course  was  never  more  thronged.  Numbers  arrived 
from  the  South,  and  the  Northern  sportsmen  were  on  the  ground 
to  a  man. 

Betting  went  on  merrily,  and  some  individuals  had  from 
$7,000  to  $15,000  at  stake. 

The  hour  of  1  was  now  at  hand,  and  the  bugle  sounded  the 
call ;  the  summons  was  obeyed.  Next  were  heard  the  orders, 
"  saddle,"  "  mount,"  ''  come  up."  The  signal  tap  next  re- 
sounded, and  off  they  flew.  Each  23resently  took  a  hard  pull, 
with  intent  to  wait  upon  his  adversary ;  but  the  light  weight 
was  unable  to  restrain  the  impetuosity  of  the  gray  filly, 
and  necessity  compelled  him  to  lead.  The  bay  mare  now 
trailed  close  in  her  rear,  and  thus  they  proceeded,  at  a  mode- 
rate rate,  to  the  end  of  the  first  round  or  mile  ;  run  in  slow 
time,  2m.  12s.  Here  stood  Mr.  Johnson,  upon  whom  the 
lively  Bob  Wooden,  as  he  advanced,  fixed  an  eye,  which  quickly 
caught  the  signal  to  make  play.  He  dashed  forward,  and 
as  by  a  single  bound,  was  three  lengths  ahead,  before  young 
Laird,  taken  by  surprise,  could  call  out  the  filly.  Away  they 
went,  at  a  killing  pace ;  and,  as  they  passed  round  to  the  termi- 
nation of  the  second  mile,  the  bay  mare  still  leading,  the  cry- 
was,  "  Hold  her  steady,  and  let  her  go."  The  stride  was  ex- 
cessive, the  gather  quick,  the  stroke  regular ;  no  floundering, 
no  laboring,  no  dwelling,  no  clambering,  nothing  abroad ;  the 


ABIEL   AND   FLIETILLA.  205 

rate  was  tremendous ;  tlius  they  went  along,  until  tliey  arrived 
at  tlie  middle  of  the  back  part  of  the  course,  in  the  third  or  last 
round  ;  the  gray  filly  trailing  full  twenty  yards.  Here  slie  let 
out,  and,  as  if  with  magic  speed,  came  up,  challenged,  and  took 
the  lead  ;  all  in  a  run  of  forty  rods,  and  before  she  arrived  at 
the  half-mile  pole  of  this  last  round.  Flirtilla,  however,  fol- 
lowed in  a  determined  and  spirited  manner ;  but  Ariel  kept  up 
her  rate,  and  although  she  dropped  a  little,  coming  up  the 
stretch,  came  in  from  three  to  four  lengths  ahead. 

Time  of  running  the  1st  mile  in  this  heat,      -       -     2m.  12s. 

Time  of  running  the  two  last  miles,     -       -    -       -     3m.  4Ts. 


Time  of  running  the  heat,         -         -       -       -       -      5m.  59s. 

I  took  a  view  of  the  horses,  as  soon  as  they  were  stripped 
and  led  off  to  their  rubbing  places.  Ariel  appeared  a  little 
swollen  about  the  loins,  what  is  termed  filleted  ;  did  not  j^er- 
spire  freely,  or  relieve  herself  as  she  ought.  Flirtilla  showed 
also  some  symptoms  of  distress ;  but  nothing  which  indicated 
being  overmarked.  The  race  I  now  considered — barring  acci- 
dents— insured  to  Flirtilla. 

Second  Heat. — Flirtilla  went  to  work  in  earnest ;  she  chal- 
lenged at  the  start,  passed  ahead,  and  kept  up  a  telling  pace ; 
Ariel  following  with  all  her  power,  but  each  round  dropping 
farther  and  farther  behind.  In  the  second  mile  it  was  evident 
that  her  chance  was  oijt.  Toward  the  termination  of  the  last 
mile,  when  Flirtilla  entered  upon  the  quarter  stretch,  she  had 
beaten  the  gray  filly  full  100  yards,  and  thus  far  in  advance  was 
she  when  she  passed  the  four-mile  distance,  40  rods  from  home ; 
but  as  she  neared  the  crowd,  and  had  arrived  within  20  or  25 
rods  of  the  winning  post,  became  sulky  or  restive,  refused  to 
run,  actually  braced  herself,  and  it  was  with  the  greatest  dif- 
ficulty that  her  rider  prevented  her  from  coming  to  a  full  stop. 
Young  Laird,  having  given  up  all  idea  of  winning  the  heat,  and 
intending  barely  to  drop  within  the  distance  post,  seeing  that 
something  was  the  matter,  clapped  whip  and  spur  to  the  filly, 
and  brought  her  up  at  a  rattling  pace ;  but  it  was  too  late,  the 
distance,  yet  to  be  measured,  too  short ;  one  more  stride  would 


206  THE   HOESE. 

have  given  liim  the  heat.     It  was  a  hair-breadth  business ; — ad- 
judged to  Flirtilla  by  only  six  inches. 

Time,  5m.  54^s. 

Two  to  one  on  Flirtilla. 

Third  Heat. — It  was  now  evident  that  Flirtilla  had  the  field 
at  command,  and  that  nothing,  save  her  restiveness,  left  any 
chance  to  Ariel.  At  the  summons  they  both  took  their  stations, 
and  the  signal  being  given,  went  off  at  a  rattling  pace ;  Flir- 
tilla taking  the  lead,  and  keeping  on  at  a  life  or  death -like  pace, 
apparently  determined  neither  to  give  nor  receive  quarter.  Bob 
Wooden  had  orders  to  keep  her  steadily  on,  and  he  did  so ; 
gradually  dropping  the  filly,  who  in  the  second  round,  was  dead 
beat.  She,  however,  kept  up  a  hopeless  struggle  to  the  last, 
falling  in  the  rear  full  100  yards. 

Thus  terminated  a  match,  twice  lost  to  the  ITorthern  sports- 
men, which  proper  preparation,  or  good  management,  would 
have  given  them.  So  much  for  changing  a  successful  trainer 
and  rider.  The  epitaph,  "  I  was  well  and  wished  to  be  better — 
took  physic,  and  here  I  am,"  was  never  more  fully  verified  than 
in  this  case. 

An  Old  Tukfman. 


Me.  Editoe  ; 

"  An  Old  Turfman"  is  mistaken  in  supposing  that  Ariel  beat 
Flirtilla  the  first  heat,  in  their  match,  more  than  a  neck.  Both 
of  them  came  in  under  whip  and  spur.  The  crowd  prevented 
my  seeing,  when  Ariel  obtained  the  lead  in  the  last  round,  but 
I  did  not  see  her  more  than  half  a  length  ahead.  Between  the 
distance  and  the  winning  stand  Flirtilla  gained  from  the  girth  to 
the  shoulders.*  Ariel  was  on  the  outside  on  coming  in — a 
strong  proof  that  she  had  not  cleared  Flirtilla,  on  getting  the 
lead. 

Had  Flirtilla  run  from  the  start,  or  made  her  run  a  little 
Booner,  she  would  have  taken  the  heat ;  and  it  is  believed  would 
have  won  the  match  that  day,  even  though  the  race  had  been 
two-mile  heats  instead  of  three.     Ariel  on  no  occasion  showed 

*  Com.  Ridgely  was  in  the  winning  stand  at  the  race,  and  will  no  doubt  confirm 
my  recollections. 


HER   FOUE-YEAK-OLD    RACES.  207 

more  speed,  if  she  was  in  other  respects  amiss.  Had  "  An  Old 
Turfman  "  examined  the  condition  of  Yanitj  in  her  match  with 
Count  Piper,  he  would  have  discovered  she  was  in  worse  order, 
and  that  was  not  ascribable  to  her  trainer. 

It  is  to  be  hoped  this  correction  may  not  be  nnacceptable  to 
"An  Old  Turfman,"  but  that  he  will  continne  his  valuable  com- 
munications. Should  there  be  mistakes,  the  correction  may  be 
made.     Good  racing  deserves  good  descriptions,  such  as  his. 

One  of  the  Judges. 

She  was  now  purchased  by  gentlemen  of  the  South,  and 
placed  in  Gen,  "VVynn's  stable. 

.8.  1826.  April.  At  Belfield,  Virginia,  she  was  beaten  by 
Col.  Johnson's  Shakspeare,  four  years  old,  by  Yirginian,  for 
the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $-iOO,  three-mile  heats.  Was  probably 
too  high. 

9.  May.  At  ISTewmarket,  she  won  the  jDOst  stake  $400,  three- 
mile  heats,  beating  Mr.  Field's  Mark  Time,  four  years  old,  by 
Gallatin — a  very  superior  three-mile 'horse — in  fine  style  and 
time ;  but  we  are  unable  to  furnish  particulars.  Next  week 
Mark  Time  won  the  three-mile  heat  in  the  best  time  known  at 
Tree  Hill. 

10.  At  Tree  Hill,  the  next  week,  she  won  with  ease  the 
Jockey  Club  purse,  $1000,  beating  Mr.  Field's  Gohanna— the 
first  race  he  lost — Col.  Johnson's  Betsey  Richards,  and  Mr.  Har- 
rison's Frantic.  Time,  8m.  7s. — 8m.  2s.  The  preceding  week 
at  Newmarket,  Gohanna  and  Betsey  Richards  had  been  winners, 
both  running  severe  races,  of  twelve  miles,  beating  Flirtilla, 
Shakspeare,  Janet,  and  others. 

11.  At  Nottoway,  the  following  week,  she  won  the  Jockey 
Club  purse,  $100,  four-mile  heats,  beating  Gohanna  again,  with 
others.  ' 

12.  September.  At  Nottoway,  she  won  with  ease,  in  one 
heat,  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $100,  four-mile  heats,  beating  Col. 
Johnson's  Shakspeare. 

13.  At  Broad  Rock,  she  won  with  great  ease,  the  Jockey 
Club  purse,  $500,  three-mile  heats. 

14.  October.  At  Newmarket,  the  next  week,  she  won  clev- 
erly the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $600,  four-mile  heats,  beating  Mr. 


208  THE   UOESE. 

Botts's  Phillis — own   sister  to  Golianna — and    Col.  Johnson's 
Betsey  Archer. 

15.  At  Tree  Hill,  the  week  following,  she  ran  second  to  the 
famous  Monsieur  Tonson,  four  years  old,  by  Pacolet,  for  the 
Jockey  Club  purse,  w^on  cleverly  in  two  heats.  Mr.  Botts's  Go- 
hanna  distanced.  Monsieur  Tonson  trailed  Ariel,  the  first  heat, 
until  the  last  quarter,  when  in  passing,  the  saddle  of  Ariel  hav- 
ing slipped,  she  had  to  give  up  the  contest ;  the  second  heat 
was  run  in  the  same  way,  and  Monsieur  Tonson,  to  general 
astonishment,  won  by  more  than  a  clear  length.  Time,  8m.  4s. — 
7m.  57s. — the  best  time  at  Tree  Hill,  excepting  the  second  heat, 
won  the  preceding  year,  by  Phillis,  in  7m.  56s.,  closely  contested 
by  Betsey  Bobinson,  winner  of  the  race,  and  the  second  heat, 
also  in  7m.  56s.,  won  b,y  Yirginia  Lafayette  beating  Flirtilla  and 
Marion. 

16.  At  Belfield,  the  succeeding  fortnight,  she  was  again 
beaten  by  Monsieur  Tonson,  in  a  Jockey  Club  race,  three-mile 
heats,  an  extremely  interesting  race  of  three  heats — Sally  Walker 
won  the  first  heat — Lafayette  also  in  tlie  race — said  to  have 
been  Avell-contested  and  run  in  fine  time  ;  but  we  regret  being 
"unable  to  ^x^o.  further  jparticiilars. 

17.  E^ovember.  At  Halifax,  IST.  C,  the  next  week,  she  was 
beaten  by  Monsieur  Tonson,  for  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $100, 
three-mile  heats.  Two  weeks  after  at  Boydton,  was  run  the 
memorable  race  between  Monsieur  Tonson  and  Sally  Walker, 
"  the  best  four-mile  race,"  all  things  considered,  ever  run  in 
America — won  cleverly  by  the  former — his  last  race  but  one — 
in  7m.  55s.  and  7m.  54s. 

18.  1827.  January.  Ariel  was  next  travelled  to  Augusta, 
Georgia,  where  she  won  easily  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $500, 
four-mile  heats. 

19.  February.  She  travelled  thence  to  Charleston,  S.  C, 
where  she  received  the  amount  of  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $600, 
being  withdrawn  in  favor  of  Red  Gauntlet,  the  ostensible  win- 
ner. 

20.  Next  day  she  won  the  $400  purse,  three-mile  heats. 

21.  Two  days  after,  the  handicap  purse,  $400,  three-mile 
heats. 

Thus  running  as  a  four-year  old,  fifteen  races — two  in  one 


FIYE-TEAK-OLD   KACES,  209 

week — of  wliicli  slie  won  eleven  and  lost  but  four — three  to  the 
famous  Monsieur  Tonson,  and  one  to  Shakspeare,  whom  she  af- 
terward beat. 

22.  May.  At  ISTewmarket,  Ariel,  now  five  years  old,  won 
the  Jockey  Club  j)urse,  $600,  four-mile  heats,  beating  with  ease, 
Maid  of  Lodi,  Atalanta  and  Phillis.     Time,  7m.  58s. — 8m.  8s. 

After  this  race,  $2000  was  given  by  Mr.  "Wyche  for  six- 
weeks'  use  of  Ariel. 

23.  At  Tree  Hill,  the  next  week,  she  won  the  Jockey  Club 
purse,  $1000,  with  a  post  stake  $500,  each  four  subscribers,  mak- 
ing the  sum  of  $3000,  four-mile  heats,  beating  with  ease  Mr. 
Botts's  Gohanna,  the  famed  Sally  McGee,  and  Maid  of  Lodi. 
— Monsieur  Tonson,  calculated  upon  in  the  race,  had  broken 
down,  and  Sally  "Walker  had  gone  to  the  Union  Course,  where, 
in  three  four-mile  heats,  she  beat  Lance — own  brother  to  Ariel — 
and  Janet,  own  sister  to  Sir  Charles.  Track  excessively  heavy — 
at  places  near  knee-deep  with  mud  and  water. 

24.  At  Broad  Rock,  the  week  following,  she  won  the  Jockey 
Club  purse,  $500,  beating  Lafayette  and  others, 

25.  At  ITorfolk,  the  next  week,  she  won  the  Jockey  Club 
purse,  $500,  four-mile  heats,  beating  Gohanna  and  the  cele- 
brated Sally  Hope,  four  years  old,  by  Sir  Archy — track  also 
very  deej).  The  defeat  of  the  latter  has  been  ascribed  to  the 
state  of  the  course.     See  her  memoir,  American  Turf  Register. 

26.  June.  At  Nottoway,  shortly  thereafter,  she  won  the 
Jockey  Club  purse,  $400,  three-mile  heats,  beating  Gohanna, 
Sally  McGee,  Bed  Gauntlet  and  others.  A  capital  race.  Go- 
hanna ran  in  reserve  the  first  heat,  won  in  5m.  50s.,  and  closely 
contested  the  next,  an  uncommonly  severe  heat,  won  in  5m.  46s. 

Thus  Ariel,  in  one  campaign,  won  all  her  five  Jockey  Club 
races,  three  of  them  four-mile  heats  ;  beating  most  of  the  best 
horses — without  taking  into  consideration  the  three  races,  won 
a  few  months  before  in  Georgia  and  South  Carolina.  Having 
previously  passed  through  several  hands,  the  veteran  Wynn  be- 
ing dead,  Ariel  was  now  bought  for  $1600,  by  his  nephew,  Col. 
"Wm.  Wynn. 

27.  September.  At  Broad  Bock,  for  the  Jockey  Club  purse, 
$500,  three-mile  heats,  Ariel  was  beaten,  in  a  severely  con- 
tested race,  by  Sally  Walker,  five  years  old,  by  Timoleon ;  but 

Vol.  L— 14 


210  THE   HOESE. 

beat,  in  both  heats,  Lafayette  and  another.  Sally  Walker  was 
comj^aratively  fresh,  having  run  but  one  race  in  the  spring, 
which  she  won  with  ease — though  in  three  heats — and  was 
then  declared  to  be  the  best  nag  from  the  South,  that  had  ever 
been  introduced  on  the  Union  Course.  Ariel  was  not  in  condi- 
tion— too  high ;  nor  did  she  get  exactly  "  in  fix  "  during  the 
campaign.  The  time  of  this  race  is  the  best  on  our  records, 
5m.  44s. — 5m.  42s. 

28.  At  Newmarket,  the  next  week,  she  was  beaten  easily, 
by  Sally  Walker,  for  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $600,  four-mile 
heats. 

29.  October.  At  Tree  Hill,  the  following  week,  she  won 
the  post  stakes,  $450,  a  single  four  miles,  beating  Col.  John- 
son's famed  Trumpator,  four  years  old,  by  Sir  Solomon,  and 
others. 

30.  At  Nottoway,  the  next  week,  she  won  with  ease  the 
Jockey  Club  purse,  $400,  three-mile  heats,  beating  Col.  John- 
son's famed  Medley,  three  years  old,  by  Sir  Hal,  in  one  heat. 

31.  At  Belfield,  the  week  following,  she  was  beaten  by 
Sally  Walker,  for  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $400,  three-mile 
heats.  An  uncommonly  severe  race — scarce  a  shade  of  differ- 
ence between  them.     Time,  5m.  46s. — 5m.  48s. 

32.  November.  At  Halifax,  N.  C,  she  was  again  beaten, 
the  succeeding  week,  by  Sally  Walker,  for  the  Jockey  Club 
purse,  $400,  four-mile  heats. 

33.  At  Scotland  Neck,  a  few  weeks  after,  she  won  the 
Jockey  Club  purse. 

34.  1828.  January.  She  was  then  travelled  to  Augusta, 
Georgia,  where  she  won  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $500,  four- 
mile  heats,  beating  Col,  Myers'  Lady  Deerpond  and  others. 

35.  February.  Thence  to  Charleston,  S.  C,  where  she  was 
beaten  for  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $600,— and  a  bet  of  $1000, 
— four-mile  heats,  by  Mr.  Singleton's  Crusader,  four  years  old, 
by  Sir  Archy.  A  good  race — lost  the  second  heat  by  scarce 
two  feet.     Time  not  known. 

36.  A  few  days  thereafter,  she  won  the  handicap  purse, 
$400,  beating  Crusader,  who  broke  down  in  the  first  heat, 
and  another. 


StX-YEAE-OLD   EACES.  211 

Thus,  as  a  five-year-old,  Ariel  ran  again  fifteen  races  in  one 
year,  of  which  she  lost  only  five. 

37.  April.  At  Belfield,  she  won  the  Proprietor's  purse, 
$200,  two-mile  heats,  beating  Peggy  Madee,  by  Sir  Hal,  a 
famed  two-mile  nag.  See  American  Turf  Register,  pp.  98, 
204,  252,  514,  and  560,  vol.  2. — Ariel,  now  appearing  amiss, 
Col.  Wynn  was  induced  to  sell  her  for  $2,000,  giving  a  certifi- 
cate that,  while  owned  by  him,  "  under  a  continuation  of  one 
training,  she  ran  the  astonishing  distance  of  ninety-nine  miles, 
mostly  under  whip  and  spur — having  been  vanquished,  in 
several  contests,  perhaps  from  want  of  condition  rather  than 
talents."     See  American  Turf  Register,  vol.  4,  p.  495. 

38.  May.  At  Newmarket,  she  was  beaten,  for  the  Pro- 
prietor's purse,  $300,  three-mile  heats — well  contested — by 
Col.  Johnson's  Medley,  four  years  old.  Each  heat  ran  in 
5m.  49s. 

39.  At  Tree  Hill,  the  next  week,  she  won  the  Jockey  Club 
purse,  $1000,  four-mile  heats,  beating  Red  Murdoch — who  had 
beat  Medley,  the  three-year-old  sweepstakes  at  Newmarket — 
and  Sally  McGee.  Medley,  expected  to  have  run  in  this  race, 
had  fallen  lame  and  never  ran  again. 

40.  At  Broad  Rock,  the  following  week,  she  won  with  ease 
the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $500,  three  mile  heats. 

41.  At  Norfolk,  the  next  week,  she  won  the  Jockey  Club 
pui*se,  $600,  four  mile  heats. 

42.  Same  meeting,  she  won  a  handicap  race,  for  $300, 
"  best  three  out  of  five  " — mile  heats—"  won  in  three  or  four 
heats,  particulars  not  recollected." 

43.  June.  At  Boydton,  the  fortnight  after,  she  won  the 
Proprietor's  purse,  $200,  two-mile  heats. 

44.  September.  At  Norfolk,  she  won  the  Jockey  Club 
purse,  $500,  four-mile  heats — a  good  race,  beating  cleverly  Col. 
Johnson's  Trumpator,  and  another. — 8m.  2s. — Tm.  43s. — the 
second  heat. 

45.  At  Broad  Rock,  the  next  week,  she  won  in  four  heats, 
the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $500,  three-mile  heats  ;  beating  Trum- 
pator, Lafayette  and  others — a  good  race  and  in  good  time — 
i\iQ  fourth  heat  in  5m.  47s. ! 

46.  October.    At  Newmarket,  the   week   succeeding,  she 


212  THE   HOESE. 

won  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $600,  four-mile  heats,  beating  in 
four  heats  Trumpator,  Red  Murdoch  and  Ilypona.  Time,  8m. 
22s.— 8m.  13s.— 7m.  STs.- 8m.  4s. 

"  Red  Murdoch  won  the  first  heat,  in  8m.  22s. ;  Ariel  and 
Trumpator  both  in  reserve.  Ai'iel  took  the  second  heat,  with 
great  ease,  in  8m.  13s.  Intense  interest  was  excited  at  the 
prospect  of  a  severe  struggle  for  the  third  heat — that  to  an  ob- 
servant eye  seemed  inevitable.  Trumpator,  who  in  many  a  well 
disputed  field  had  earned  distinguished  honor,  and  more  than 
once  excited  the  apprehensions  of  his  formidable  adversary, 
had  yet  made  no  eftort  in  the  race ;  and  was  in  the  hands  of  a 
most  skilful,  deliberate,  and  experienced  turfite.  It  was  ob- 
vious he  alone  attracted  the  notice  of  his  fair  adversary,  and 
that  the  tug  of  war  could  no  longer  be  postponed.  Never  were 
anticipations  more  fully  realized ;  never  was  reputation  more 
nobly  sustained.  From  tlie  onset  both  pressed  forward,  with  a 
desperate  rush,  and  maintained  a  severe  and  ceaseless  press 
throughout  the  entire  heat.  For  the  four  miles,  the  whip  nor 
spur  were  idle ;  for  three  and  a  half  it  was  impossible  to  con- 
jecture the  result — when  Trumpator  gained  a  slight,  but  preca- 
rious ascendency,  which,  with  great  difficulty,  he  maintained  to 
the  close,  coming  in  a  few  feet  ahead — winning  one  of  the  hest 
heats  ever  done  at  Newmarket,  and  perhaps  the  very  hest  third 
heat  ever  run  in  this  hemisphere,  or  any  where  else.  Time, 
Tm.  5Ys. 

"The  readiness  with  which  both  recovered  and  'cooled 
off,'  surprised  those  most  familiar  with  the  turf.  In  a  short 
while  both  were  prepared  for  the  decisive  engagement.  At  the 
sound  of  the  trumpet  the  ardent  competitors  apjDcared,  for  the 
fourth  time,  at  the  goal — eager  for  the  conflict.  At  the  word  they 
pressed  forward  with  desperate  efforts — both  conscious  that  the 
slightest  advantage  must  prove  decisive,  in  a  contest  of  such 
equal  powers.  For  a  mile  and  a  half  their  prospects  were  alike ; 
Ariel  now  gained  some  advantage — Trumpator  strained  every 
nerve — they  are  again  locked,  and  all  as  doubtful  as  ever.  On 
they  fly — urged  by  every  persuasive — ever  and  anon  fiercely 
called  upon,  and  at  every  call  found  worthy  of  almost  bound- 
less confidence.  In  the  third  round,  victory  inclined  to  Trum- 
pator— he  gradually  cleared  his  opponent — light  appeared  be- 


CONTEST   WITH   TEUMPATOE.  213 

tween  tliem.  But  the  spirit  of  Ariel  was  imsubdiied,  and  her 
efforts  unabated.  Slie  firmlj  maintained  the  arduous  struggle 
— half  a  mile  more,  they  were  again  '  side  by  side ' — not  con- 
tent, she  still  pressed  forward  and  regained  her  lost  place.  On 
closing  the  mile  she  had  gained  the  track  and  swept  around  the 
turn  '  nose  and  tail.'  Up  the  back  stretch  continued  a  tremen- 
dous struggle — Ariel  still  maintaining  the  lead — but,  in  making 
the  sweep  of  the  last  turn,  the  prospects  of  Trumpator  seemed 
to  brighten — he  closed  in  and  entered  the  quarter  stretch  '  nose 
and  nose.'  Intense  interest  was  at  its  height — when  the  for- 
tunes of  Ariel  decided  the  conflict — havino;  the  track  and  the 
firmest  ground,  Ariel  beat  him  down  the  stretch,  at  her  utmost 
speed,  by  only  a  few  feet — closing  the  race,  and  bearing  off  her 
well  earned  laurels,  in  8m.  4s. — after  one  of  the  most  arduous 
contests  ever  known, — amid  the  acclamations  of  the  multitude. 
• — '  I  saw  Henry  *  do  the  first  heat,  with  Betsey  Bichards  on 
his  haunches,  in  Ym.  54s.,  and  repeated  it  in  7m.  5Ss. — the  best 
four-mile  heats  ever  run  at  ISTewmarket." 

We  regret  our  limits  have  compelled  us  to  abridge  the 
account  furnished  by  our  valued  correspondent  "  Numidian." 

I^umidian  might  also  have  said,  that  the  last  heat  was  the 
best  fourth  heat  "  ever  run,"  in  any  quarter  of  the  world — 8m. 
4s. ! — 20s.  better  than  Eclipse's  third  heat  with  Henry,  when 
both  were  at  their  utmost  speed  ;  but  the  rate  of  their  first  and 
second  heat  "  told.'''' 

47.  At  Tree  Hill,  the  next  week,  for  the  Jockey  Club 
purse,  $1,000,  four-mile  heats,  all  her  older  competitors  being 
beaten  off  or  broke  down,  Kate  Kearney  and  Star,  two  extra- 
ordinary three-years-old,  only  entered  the  lists  with  her — it  was 
"gold  to  copper"  on  Ariel,  notwithstanding  her  severe  race 
of  sixteen  miles  the  preceding  week.  She  led  off,  in  good 
style,  trailed  by  the  others.  Star,  during  the  first  three  miles, 
made  unavailing  efforts  for  the  lead,  and  then  fell  back  far  in 
the  rear — Kate  Kearney  still  trailing — until,  on  entering  the 
quarter  stretch,  with  an  unexpected  burst,  she  went  ahead  and 
won  the  heat  in  7m.  59s.     Notwithstanding  the  loss  of  a  heat, 

*  This  performance  being  compared  with  Henry's  on  the  same  course,  when  run 
at  his  best  speed,  in  the  very  zenith  of  his  fame,  leaves  scarce  a  doubt  that  Ariel 
was  fully  equal  to  him  or  EcUpse,  in  their  best  days. 


214  THE   HORSE. 

Ariel  was  still  the  favorite ;  and  led  gallantly  in  the  second 
heat,  as  before — but  near  its  close  was  passed  by  both  her 
competitors,  Kate  Kearney  again  winning  in  fine  style  ;  tlie 
others  near  at  hand.  A  capital  race.  Tlie  second  heat — only 
two  seconds  more  than  the  first — 8m.  Is. — the  two  heats  two 
seconds  quicker  than  Monsieur  Tonson's  fine  race  at  Tree  Hill 
— and  excellent  time,  for  the  course. 

Kate  Kearney — since  so  celebrated — the  preceding  week, 
at  J^ewm^rket,  had  won  a  great  sweepstakes,  in  good  time, 
beating  Slender  and  another;  and  two  days  before  her  race 
with  Ariel,  had  won  another,  two-mile  heats,  in  the  best  time 
at  Tree  Hill,  3m.  57s.  and  3m.  50s. — the  second  heat — beating 
Slender,  Waxy  and  another.  Slender,  the  next  day  after  her 
sweepstakes,  won  the  Proprietor's  purse,  two-mile  heats,  beat- 
ing Lafayette,  Caswell,  Susan  Eobinson,  Sally  Drake  and  an- 
other, in  3m.  56s.,  and  3m.  52s.  Star,  a  few  weeks  before,  at 
l^orfolk,  had  run  a  severe  second  heat  of  two  miles,  with  Polly 
Hopkins,  in  3m.  42s. — the  best  time  over  that  course,  twenty- 
nine  yards  short  of  a  mile. 

48.  At  Belfield,  the  week  after  her  Tree  Hill  race,  Ariel 
won  the  Proprietor's  purse,  $200,  two-mile  heats ;  Polly  Hop- 
kins, three  years  old,  won  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $400,  three- 
mile  heats,  the  preceding  day,  and  the  next  week  at  Kew  Hope, 
the  Proprietor's  purse,  $250. 

49.  ITovember.  At  New  Hope,  Halifax  county,  N.  C, 
Ariel  closed  her  career  in  the  "  race-horse  region,"  by  winning 
the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $400,  three-mile  heats. 

March,  1829,  she  was  purchased  of  David  Branch,  Esq., 
and  passed  into  the  hands  of  Hamilton  "Wilkes,  Esq.,  who 
travelled  her  the  entire  distance  to  New  York  by  land,  about 
400  mileSj  and  renewed  her  exploits  in  the  land  of  her  birth — 
leaving  the  late  scenes  of  her  glory  to  her  successors  in  fame — 
Kate  Kearney,  Polly  Hopkins,  Slender  and  Star.  Of  the 
twelve  races  she  ran  as  a  six-year-old,  Ariel  won  ten ;  and  was 
obviously  out  of  condition  in  the  two  she  lost,  won  by  Medley 
and  Kate  Kearney. 

50.  May  12.  At  the  Union  Course,  Long  Island,  N.  Y., 
the  first  spring  meeting,  Ariel,  now  seven  years  old,  was  beat 
by  the  famed  gr.  m.  Betsey  Ransom,  five  years  old,  by  Yir- 


ARIEL   AKD   BETSEY   RANSOM.  215 

ginian,  in  a  well  contested  race,  for  the  Jockey  Club  purse, 
four-mile  heats.     Time,  7m.  57s. — 8m.  7s. 

51.  May  26.  At  the  same  place,  at  the  second  meeting,  a 
fortnight  after,  she  was  in  like  manner  again  beaten  by  Betsey 
Ransom,  for  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  four-mile  heats.  Time, 
7m.  52s. — 8m.  Is. 

52.  June.  At  Poughkeepsie,  E".  Y.,  the  next  week,  Ariel 
beat  Betsey  Ransom,  for  the  Jockey  Club  purse,  $500,  four- 
mile  heats,  in  7m.  52s. — 8m.  Is. — but  of  the  third  heat,  the 
firae  is  wanting.  We  are  happy  to  annex  the  following  ani- 
mated account  of  this  interesting  race,  from  the  pen  of  a  valued 
correspondent,  who  both  writes  and  runs  his  horses,  "con 
amore." 

"Since  the  contest  between  Eclipse  and  Henry,  in  1823,  no 
race — at  the  I^Torth — has  excited  so  intense  an  interest  in  the 
spectators,  as  the  one  run  by  Ariel  and  Betsey  Ransom,  on  the 
Dutchess  Course,  on  Tuesday  last.  In  two  prior  trials  at  Long 
Island,  on  the  12tli  and  26th  of  May,  Betsey  Ransom — contrary 
to  the  exjjectations  of  many — had  proved  victorious.  The 
friends  of  Ariel,  though  somewhat  consoled  by  her  gallant  per- 
formance on  the  26th,  had  been  again  disappointed. — Mem. 
Saw  her  entered  for  this  last  encounter,  with  reluctance,  from 
feeling  how  little  chance  there  was  of  regaining  her  lost  laurels. 
The  earnest  solicitation  of  a  friend,  joined  to  an  anxious  wish 
to  gratify  the  inhabitants  of  his  own  country,  decided  her 
owner  to  start  her,  on  this  occasion. 

"  When  they  were  led  upon  the  ground,  the  appearance  of 
the  two  differed  as  widely  as  their  prospects — the  firm,  elastic 
reaching  step,  the  fiery  eye  and  lofty  bearing  of  Betsey,  gave 
assurance  of  condition,  and  showed  her  conscious  of  her  powers 
and  confident  of  victory — while  the  short  and  stiffened  gait, 
the  quiet  and  determined  countenance  of  Ariel — reversing  the 
quondam  appearance,  together  with  the  fate  of  herself  and 
riirtilla — seemed  plainly  to  say,  '  I  have  lost  my  station  as  first 
among  the  fleet  ones  of  my  race,  but  I  will  regain  it  or  die.' 
They  started — Betsey  Ransom  went  off  on  the  lead,  at  a  mode- 
rate pace,  appearing  resolved  to  do  no  more  than  was  necessary 
— when,  at  the  end  of  the  two  miles  she  broke  away,  as  from 
mere  whim,  at  such  a  gait  and  at  such  a  stride,  as  would  have 


216  THE    HOKSE. 

rendered  useless  to  Ariel  the  wings  of  her  gallant  namesake. 
Her  ultimate  exertions  could  only  bring  her  within  three  or 
four  lengths  of  this  kill-devil,  at  the  winning  post.  The  heat 
was  run  in  7m.  52s.,  the  last  two  miles  in  3m.  52s. 

"  The  loss  of  the  heat  rendered  the  prospects  of  Ariel  still 
more  gloomy,  and  the  chance  of  winning  so  desperate,  that  it 
was  determined  to  withdraw  her — this  was  on  the  point  of  be- 
ing announced,  when,  as  the  groom  was  leading  up  Betsey  to 
receive  the  award  of  victory,  the  experienced  eye  of  Ariel's 
trainer,  detected  in  Betsey  Ransom  some  indication  of  sorrow — 
there  were  three  or  four  minutes  to  spare — he  hastily  threw  on 
his  saddle,  and  started  her.  Betsey  again  took  the  lead,  at  a 
pace  so  I'apid,  that  it  gave  her  long  and  silvery  tail  the  appear- 
ance of  a  meteor  streaming  in  the  wind ;  for  three  miles  she 
kfept  frolicking  on — sometimes  breaking  aw^ay  and  making  a 
gap,  that  seemed  to  say,  '  I  will  punish  you,  dainty  spirit  of 
the  air,  for  your  presumption,  by  leaving  you  without  the  dis- 
tance ' — and  again  waiting  for  her,  as  if  repenting  so  harsh  a 
purpose.  In  the  mean  time,  Ariel  went  steadily  on,  at  a  gait 
that  did  not  vary,  except  once  in  the  second  mile — when  in 
changing  her  feet  she  threw  her  rider  forward  and  lost  eight  or 
ten  yards,  by  the  falter ;  at  the  end  of  three  miles  and  a  quar- 
ter, Betsey  found  Ariel  within  a  yard  of  her — in  another  instant 
alongside — now  came  a  struggle  for  the  track,  desperate  and 
determined.  It  created  an  interest  so  deep,  and  a  silence  so 
profound,  that  one  might  almost  hear  the  hearts  of  the  multi- 
tude beat — it  could  not  last  long — at  the  end  of  a  straight  quar- 
ter, Ariel  has  the  track.  '  Ariel  is  ahead,'  was  thundered  out 
with  a  shout  that  would  have  waked  the  soundest  sleeper 
of  the  seven.  There  was  a  half  a  mile  yet  to  go.  Ariel 
keeps  the  track — no  time  to  lose — one  short  half  mile,  one 
short  minute  more,  Ariel  may  pluck  a  laurel  from  her  wreath, 
that  she  must  regain,  or  unbind  her  brows.  They  turned  down 
the  straight  side  of  the  last  quarter,  Ariel  half  her  length 
ahead — neither  rider  had  a  whip,  from  an  idea  of  its  useless- 
ness — they  are  at  the  distance  post,  side  by  side — what  would 
not  have  been  given  for  a  whip — a  whip — a  whip — the  result 
upon  a  whip — a  single  stroke  might  decide  upon  it.     Betsey's 


BETSEY   KANSOM.  217 

rider  uses  his  hand,  but  it  will  not  do — Ariel  wins  the  heat  by 
half  a  neck,  in  8m,  Is.,  amidst  the  cheers  of  thousands. 

"  In  half  an  hour  they  again  started  to  determine  the  third 
and  last  heat,  Betsey  had  lost  her  taste  for  frolicking,  and 
went  steadily  but  rapidly  on,  with  Ariel  only  a  length  behind, 
for  three  miles  and  a  quarter;  here  Ariel  made  a  run  and 
passed  her — taking  and  keeping  the  lead  by  two  or  three 
lengths,  to  the  winning  post — thus  regaining  her  lost  laurels, 
and  proving  herself  to  this  '  out  and  outer,'  what  the  best  judge 
in  the  Union  pronounced  her — '  a  truly  formidable  race- 
horse,' *  GODOLPHIN," 

Gray  filly  Betsey  Eansom,  by  Yirginian,  October,  1827, 
on  the  Union  Course,  at  three  years  old,  won  the  Jockey  Club 
purse,  four-mile  heats,  distancing  Sir  Lovell,  Count  Piper,  Lady 
Flirt,f  and  "Valentine — Stevens'  Janet  drawn  after  the  first 
heat — in  a  most  extraordinary  manner,  the  second  heat,  Kext 
week  she  won  the  four-mile  heats  purse,  near  Baltimore,  with 
great  ease ;  and  the  week  succeeding  the  same  at  Norfolk,  at 
three  heats,  contending  for  each,  that  were  won  in  7m.  50s, — 
7m.  45s,  and  7ni.  50s. — 25s.  better  than  the  Eclipse  match,  but 
with  a  difference  of  the  course — twenty-nine  yards  short  of  a 
mile.  She  gathered  laurels  in  Virginia,  the  Carolinas,  Georgia, 
Maryland  and  ISTew  York — but  never  won  a  race  after  her  de- 
feat by  Ariel — she  ran  but  once  more,  the  succeeding  spring,  in 
the  sweepstakes  won  by  Col.  Johnson's  Slender,  four  miles, 
beating  also  Black  Maria — $1,000  each. 

The  next  day  Ariel's  half  brother,  gray  horse  Splendid,  won 
with  ease  the  three-mile  heats,  beating  Lady  Hunter  and  an- 
other in  5ra.  58s,  and  6m,  2s.  At  three  years  old.  Splendid  had 
been  beat  in  a  match  by  Col.  Johnson's  Medley. 

It  is  somewhat  surprising  that  at  this  era  so  many  of  the 
first-rate  horses  should  have  been  gray,  and  that  they  should 
have  so  frequently  contended  exclusively  with  each  other,  as 
Ariel,  Betsey  Eansom,  Medley,  Splendid,  Mark  Time,  Peggy 
Madee,  and  others — also  in  the  south  and  west, 

*  The  time,  in  three  contests  with  Betsey  Ransom,  on  courses  better  adapted  to 
speed  than  those  at  the  South,  shows  that  Ariel  was  "below  her  mark"; — probably 
considerably  "  off  her  foot." 

\  Lady  FHrt  won  the  first  heat,  contested  by  Janet  and  Count  Piper. 


218  THE   HOESE. 

63.  October.  At  Poughkeepsie,  Ariel  won  with  ease  the 
Jockey  Club  purse,  $500,  four-mile  beats,  beating  Light  In- 
fantry. 

54:.  At  the  Union  Course,  the  next  week,  she  won  the 
Jockey  Club  purse,  $500,  four-mile  heats,  beating  her  only 
competitor  Lady  Flirt,  with  such  ease  the  first  heat,  that  she 
was  drawn.  Lady  Flirt  had  won  the  three-mile  heats,  with 
eclat,  at  Poughkeepsie,  where  she  subsequently  beat  Black 
Maria  and  others,  three-mile  heats. 

55.  1830.  May  8.  Ariel,  now  eight  years  old,  had  been 
matched  by  the  gentlemen  of  the  ISTorth,  to  run  on  the  Union 
Course,  against  Col.  Johnson's  Arietta,  four  years  old,  by  Yir- 
ginian,  backed  by  him  and  others  of  the  South — Ariel  to  carry 
100  lbs.  against  87  lbs.  two  miles,  for  $5000  aside — and  was 
beat  by  Arietta,  rather  more  than  a  length — a  good  race — sixty 
yards  more  would  probably  have  given  it  to  Ariel.  Tlie  first 
mile  was  run  in  Im.  4Ts. — the  two  in  3m.  44s.  See  "  Old  Turf- 
man," p.  45,  vol.  3,  American  Turf  Register. 

56.  May  12.  Ariel  was  beat  the  three-mile  heats,  by  Sir 
Level,  six  years  old,  by  Duroc,  a  good  race,  in  which  she  was 
second — beating  Bachelor  and  Yankee  Maid.  Time,  5m.  47s. — 
5m.  53s. 

57.  May  18.  In  less  than  a  week,  Ariel  again  entered  the 
lists  with  Sir  Lovel,  at  Poughkeepsie,  destined  to  replace  tlie 
laurels  she  loses  on  the  Union  Course.  This  was  in  other  re- 
spects a  second  edition  of  her  race  with  Betsey  Eansom  on  the 
same  course.  Sir  Lovell  the  favorite,  at  one  hundred  to  thirty, 
led  otf  in  gallant  style,  and  took  the  first  heat  in  7m.  54s. 
There  was  now  scarce  a  doubt  as  to  the  result.  In  tlie  second 
heat,  he  took  the  lead  as  before — Ariel  pressing  him  more  close- 
ly on  every  mile,  the  first  run  in  Im.  57s. — the  second  in  Ira. 
59s. — the  third  in  Im.  54s. — the  three  miles  in  5m.  50s. — in  a 
half  mile  more,  Ariel  is  ahead  as  in  the  former  race — but  Sir 
Lovell  gives  up,  and  Ariel  wins  it,  at  her  ease,  in  8m.  Sir  Lov- 
ell being  then  drawn,  Ariel  again  took  the  purse. 

This  was  Ariel's  last  race,  and  with  the  fame  that  Sir  Lov- 
ell subsequently  acquired,  was  of  itself  sufficient  to  establish 
her  fame.  Two  days  thereafter,  he  won  the  two-mile  heats, 
beating  Maryland  Eclipse  and  Lady  Hunter,  in  3m.  60s.  anc" 


HER   LAST   APPEARANCE.  219 

3m.  46s. — a  severely  contested  race.  The  next  week,  on  the 
Union  Course,  he  beat  Arietta,  a  match,  $5,000  a  side,  two-mile 
heats,  in  3m.  45s.  and  3m.  48s. 

In  the  autumn  Ariel  was  in  training,  and  brought  to  the 
Poughkeepsie  Course ;  but  it  does  not  appear  why  slie  did  not 
run — probably  she  was  in  the  stable  with  Black  Maria,  Celeste 
and  others — the  former  now  running  her  brilliant  career,  won 
the  four-mile  heats  at  this  meeting,  in  Ym.  56s. — Ym.  53s. 

"  The  veteran  Ariel  was  led  on  the  course  for  the  last  time, 
on  her  withdrawal  from  the  turf.''  "  She  appeared  the  picture, 
the  beau  ideal  of  a  race-horse,  and  hundreds  of  amateurs 
thronged  around  her  to  take  a  parting  look  at  an  old  and  de- 
served favorite.  When  stripped  and  saddled  by  her  trainer, 
she  exhibited  all  the  fire  of  youth,  with  the  vigor  of  maturity, 
manifesting  the  most  animated  impatience,  till  a  lad  mounted 
and  galloped  her  around  the  course,  for  the  gratification  of  the 
admiring  crowd.  She  brushed  up  the  last  quarter  with  that 
inevitable  fairy  stride,  which  we  have  so  often  viewed  with  de- 
light— then  taking  leave  of  the  arena  of  her  triumphs,  she  went 
leisurely  into  a  retirement,  from  which  no  friend  could  wish  to 
recall  her,  covered  with  imj^erishable  laurels — the  prize  of  many 
a  hard-fought  field." 

Thus  it  appears  Ai'iel  has  run  more  than  345  7niles  in  57 
races,  of  which  she  has  won  42,*  lY  of  them  four-mile  heats. 
She  has  run  every  distance,  in  nearly  the  best  time  of  the  j)res- 
ent  century,  and  we  believe  the  very  best  third  and  fourth  heat 
that  has  eve7'  heen  run.  She  has  vanquished  almost  every  horse 
of  fame  from  ISTew  York  to  Georgia,  during  the  f  five  years  she 
was  on  the  turf,  never  laying  by  nor  lame ;  and  when  beat,  al- 
ways making  good  races,  conquered  only  by  the  best  horses 
and  at  their  respective  distances ;  all  of  whom  she  beat  on  a 
second  trial,  excepting  only  Monsieur  Tonson,  Sally  Walker, 
Flirtilla,  Kate  Kearney,  and  Arietta — the  three  last  she  ran 
with  but  once — and  whenever  beaten,  it  may  be  questionable 
whether  she  was  run  in  proper  condition.     Excepting  her  matcli 

*  "  Imported  Citizen  won  19  races  in  England — 14  of  them  four-mile  heats — 6 
of  them  at  three  heats." 

f  See  Turf  Reg.  vol.  1,  pp.  159,  219,  283,  485,  486,  489,  491,  518,  519,  520, 
630  to  536,  566,  588.     Vol.  2,  pp.  555-6.     Vol.  3,  pp.  42,  45,  335-6,  378. 


220  THE   HORSE. 

at  three  years  old,  of  three-mile  heats,  with  the  very  best  race- 
horse then  known  on  the  turf,  she  has  never  lost  a  race  in  which 
she  won  a  heat.  She  has  won  in  matches  and  Jockey  Club 
purses,  exclusive  of  bets,  $25,000  for  her  several  owners ;  who, 
with  scarce  an  exception,  if  any,  have  all  derived  profit  from 
her  generous  exertions. 

Her  winnings — in  number  of  races  and  distances — greatly 
surpass  any  of  which  we  have  any  account,  either  in  England 
or  America.  Rockingham,  who  heads  the  list  of  English  win- 
ners— Am.  Turf  Reg.  vol.  3,  p.  390 — was  winner  33  times; 
her  ancestor  PotSos,  31  times ;  another  ancestor  Gimcrack — 
the  severest  runner  ever  known  in  England — 28  times  out  of  37 
races  /  Woodpecker  28,  and  imported  Buzzard  28  ;  Eleanor  * — 
grandam  of  Luzborough — winner  of  the  Derby  and  Oaks — • 
consecutive  days — a  feat  performed  by  no  other — comes  nearer 
to  Ariel  in  her  performances  than  any  besides,  having  won  28 
out  of  48  races ;  Peggy,  the  mare  of  most  fame  ever  imported 
into  America — and  g.  g.  grandam  of  Tychicus,  and  of  the 
famed  Vespa,  winner  last  year  of  the  Oaks,  and  this  of  King's 
plates,  and  other  distinguished  races  m  England. — See  New 
Sporting  Magazine,  for  May  and  June,  1834 — won  22  out  of  35 
races — see  American  Turf  Register,  vol.  4,  p.  557 — imported 
Shark  19 ;  Sir  Peter  Teazle  17  ;  Elorizel  16  ;  Highflyer  14 ; 
Orville — one  of  the  severest  and  best  runners  of  modern  days — 
won  about  14  races,  but  lost  as  many  ;  Dick  Andrews — also 
grandsire  to  Luzborough — won'  20  out  of  27 ;  Diomed  12 ; 
Eclipse  11 ;  Matchem  10 ;  Herod  10  ;  Trumpator  10  ;  Childers 
6  or  8 ;  &c.,  &c.  Of  our  horses  of  most  celebrity  few  of  them 
have  won  many  races  ;  Sir  Charles  won  20 — sometimes  shame- 
fully beaten — distanced  both  by  Sir  William  and  Eclipse — ■ 
Timoleon  won  6;  Virginian  10;  Am.  Eclipse,  so  famed  at  the 
Korth,  ran  only  eight  races,  from  four  to  nine  years  old,  inclu- 
sive, and  made  but  one  very  good  race — having  beaten  second- 
rate  competitors,  or  those  that  had  been  worn  or  broken  down, 
until  he  encountered  Henry ;  whose  defeat  may  be  ascribable 
to   mismanagement — and   other    distinguished   horses,  Yirago, 

*  Imported  Luzborough  won  24  out  of  32  races,  but  never  ran  four  miles.     He 
was  five  years  on  the  turf. 


HER   UNKIYALLED    HONEST  i'.  221 

Gallatin,  Sir  Archy,  Florizel,  Pacolet,  Bertrand,  Monsieur  Ton- 
son,  Sallj  Walker,  Mercmy,  &c.,  &c.,  have  run  about  the  same 
number.  We  have  no  recollection  of  any  other — besides  the 
famed  gelding  Leviathan,  Black  Maria,  winner  at  twenty  miles, 
and  whose  achievements  have  subsequently  been  so  splendid — 
yet  on  the  turf — her  dam  Lady  Lightfoot — -perhaps  her  grandam 
Black  Maria,  by  Shark — Polly  Hopkins,  Sally  Hope,  and  Col- 
lier— that  in  the  excellence  and  extent  of  their  running,  can  bear 
any  comparison  to  Ariel — certainly  their  superior  in  the  latter 
respect.  Of  Lady  Lightfoot  tlie  memoir  is  incomplete — she  won 
three  races  in  one  week  at  Charleston,  S.  C. — beat  the  best 
horses  in  excellent  time — was  on  the  turf  from  three  to  eleven 
years  old ;  but  a  great  portion  of  the  time  running  with  second- 
rate  or  broken-down  horses — she  may  have  won  thirty  races  ; 
Polly  HojDkins,  from  three  to  six  years  old,  won  23  out  of  30 
races ;  winning  all  her  seven  races  the  fall  she  was  three  years 
old,  and  beating  the  best  horses,  in  the  best  time ;  Sally  Hope, 
from  three  to  seven,  won  22  out  of  27  races  ;  18  or  19  of  them 
in  succession,  to  the  close  of  her  career,  beating  the  best  horses, 
also  in  the  best  time.     See  Am.  Turf  Reg.  vol,  3,  p.  452. 

In  taking  leave  of  the  famed  Ariel,  with  this  exposition,  we 
conceive  ourselves  justified  in  admitting  her  claims  to  an  illus- 
trious lineage,  and  to  our  admiration,  for  performances  that  we 
think  unparalleled  on  the  pages  of  racing  annals. — AQnerican 
Turf  Register,  vol.  vi,,  No.  1. 


EDITORIAL  NOTES. 

*  (P.  200.)  We  doubt  the  correctness  of  the  pedigree  of  Figure  on  the  dam's 
side.  There  is  no  Mariamne  by  Partner,  but  in  vol.  1,  page  427,  of  English  Stud- 
Book,  Mariamne  foaled  in  1748,  by  Lord  Portmore's  Victorious.  We  think  the  fol- 
lowing his  correct  pedigree :  Mariamne,  by  Lord  Portmore's  Victorious — Partner — 
Richardson's  Merlin  (son  of  Old  Merlin)  Makeless — Burford  Bull — Devonshire 
Arabian. 

f  (P.  201.)  Imp.  Pacolet's  pedigree,  as  given  in  the  American  Turf  Register, 
cannot  be  traced  in  the  English  Stud-Book.  No  such  mare  as  Queen  Mab,  by 
Musgrove's  Gray  Arabian,  can  be  found.  Molly  Pacolet,  by  Pacolet — son  of  Spark — 
was  not  out  of  his  own  sister  Queen  Mab,  but  was  out  of  Whiteneck,  by  Crab,  as 
given  on  page  198. 


PEDIGREE, 

CHARACTERISTICS  AND  PERFORMANCES  OF  BLACK  MARIA. 

The  distinguislied  subject  of  this  memoir  was  bred  by  Cliarles 
Henry  Hall,  Esq.,  of  Harlem,  N.  Y.,  and  was  foaled  on  the  15tli 
of  June,  1826.  At  the  age  of  seventeen  months  she  was  pur- 
chased by  John  C.  Stevens,  Esq.,  of  this  city,  for  $1,000,  and 
remained  in  his  hands  during  the  whole  of  her  long  and  brilliant 
racing  career.  She  was  got  by  American  Eclipse,  out  of 
Lady  Lightfoot,  by  Sir  Archy — grand  dam  Black  Maria  by  Imp. 
Shark — g,  g.  dam — the  dam  of  Yingt'un — a  celebrated  race 
mare  by  Imp.  Clockfast,  a  half-brother  to  Medley,  by  Gimcrack 
• — g.  g.  g.  dam  Burwell's  Maria  by  Kegulus,  etc. 

Did  our  limits  allow,  we  would  gladly  devote  a  few  columns 
to  the  history  of  the  illustrious  ancestry  of  the  subject  of  this 
memoir,  but  with  the  intention  of  making  it  the  theme  of  ano- 
ther article  at  no  distant  day,  we  proceed  to  the  discussion  of 
the  matter  before  us.  We  will  remark,  however,  en  passanty 
that  Lady  Lightfoot,  the  dam  of  Black  Maria,  was  the  most 
distinguished  racer  of  her  day,  having  won  between  twenty  and 
thirty  races,  the  majority  at  four-mile  heats,  and  never  having 
been  beaten  but  once,  except  in  her  old  age — her  eleventh  year 
— and  then  by  Eclipse,  on  the  Union  Course.  She  was  bred  by 
the  late  Colonel  John  Tayloe,  of  Ya.,  and  was  foaled  at  Mr. 
Ogle's  seat,  Bel- Air,  Pr.  George's  county,  Md.,  in  June,  1812. 
She  was  purchased  by  Mr.  Hall  in  1824,  of  Major  Wm.  Jones, 
of  Oyster  Bay,  Long  Island,  and  the  late  Dr.  Alexander  Hosack, 
of  this  city,  for  $1,500,  with  a  bay  filly  at  her  foot.  This  filly, 
called  Camilla,  died  January  5,  1825.  Lady  Lightfoot  subse- 
quently produced, 


LADY   LIGHTFOOT's   STOCK.  223 

1825— Bl.  c.  Eclipse  Lightfoot,  by  Am.  Eclipse  ;  sold  at  4  yrs.  old  for  $1,500,  to  a 

Co.  in  N.  J. 
1826 — ^Bl.  f.  Black  Maria,   by  Eclipse,  the  subject  of  this  memoir;  sold  at  12  yra. 

old  for  $4,000. 
182Y — Missed  to  Eclipse. 
1828— Ch.  f.  Screamer,  by  Henry ;  sold  at  11  months  old  to  W.  Livingston,   Esq., 

for  $500. 
1829 — Br.  c.  Terror,  by  Eclipse;  sold  at  Y  months  old  to  the  same  gentleman  for 

$1,000. 
1830— Bl.  c.  Shark,   by  Eclipse ;  sold  while  on  the  turf  to  J.  C.  Craig,  Esq.,  for 

$17,500. 
1831 — B.  f.  Bay  Maria,  by  Eclipse  ;  sold  at  4  yrs.  old  to  Colonel  W.  Hampton,  of 

S.  C,  for  $5,000. 
1832 — Missed  to  Imp.  Serab. 


Drother,  ) 
ipse,       J  1 


1834 — B.  f.  Young  Lady  Lightfoot,  by  EcUpse,       )  the  first  has  never  been  trained. 

Lady  Lightfoot  died  from  the  eflfects  of  a  violent  cold,  two 
days  after  the  last  named  filly  was  foaled.  Of  the  sire  of  Black 
Maria — Eclipse — or  of  the  sire  of  her  dam — Sir  Archy — nothing 
need  be  said,  the  latter  standing  unrivalled,  as  he  does,  as  the 
sire  of  a  host  of  winners,  while  Eclipse  is  equally  unrivalled  as 
a  winner  himself. 

The  grand  dam  of  black  Maria,  another  prodigy,  was,  if  possi- 
ble, still  more  remarkable  ;  she  united  not  only  a  great  turn  of 
speed  to  unflinching  game,  but  she  ran  to  her  foui'teenih  year. 
She  was  herself  out  of  a  celebrated  race  mare  by  Imported 
Shark,  one  of  the  best  racers  and  stallions  England  ever  pro- 
duced. She  was  first  known  as  "  Selden's  Maria,"  and  in  her 
3  yr.  old  form  was  sold  to  Mr.  Alexander,  for  $2,000,  an  im- 
mense price  in  those  days.  In  the  same  year,  1799,  she  was 
purchased  jointly  by  the  late  Col.  John  Tayloe,  of  Virginia,  and 
the  late  Gen. Wade  Hampton,  of  South  Carolina,  to  match  Shark, 
and  went  into  the  stable  of  the  latter,  under  the  name  of  "  Black 
Maria."  Gen.  H.  soon  after  purchased  Col.  T.'s  interest  in  her, 
and  not  only  won  his  match,  but  carried  oif  every  purse  for  which 
he  entered  her.  Subsequently  she  passed  into  the  hands  of  Col. 
"W".  Alston,  of  S.  C,  who  after  running  her  a  few  seasons,  sold 
her  back  again  to  Col.  Tayloe,  at  14  years  of  age,  for  $2,500, 
then  the  highest  price  ever  paid  for  a  brood  mare. 

The  produce  of  no  mare  in  America  has  ever  realized  for 
their  owners,  probably,  so  large  an  amount  as  Lady  Lightfoot. 
Though  the  subject  of  this  memoir  was,  beyond  question,  the 


224  THE    nORSE. 

best  of  her  produce,  the  performances  of  either  Sliark  or  Bay 
Maria  would  alone  entitle  her  to  high  consideration.  Eclipse 
Lightfoot  had  a  remarkable  turn  of  speed,  but  being  taken  with 
the  distemper,  was  thrown  out  of  training,  and  soon  afterwards 
sold  to  be  put  into  the  stud.  Screamer,  Terror,  and  Young  Lady 
Lightfoot  never  particularly  distinguished  themselv^es,  and  the 
two  last  for  very  manifest  reasons  ;  the  first  fell  when  3  yrs.  old, 
and  received  an  injury  in  his  thigh,  of  which  he  never  entirely 
recovered,  and  the  last  from  running  with  shoes  on  for  two  years, 
had  her  feet  ruined  ;  we  saw  her  not  a  week  since,  at  her  breed- 
er's stable,  and  on  examining  them,  found  them  not  only  small 
and  mis-shapen,  but  the  frog  on  both  fore  feet  was  entirely 
gone !  Harlem  Lass  was  specially  bred  for  a  brood  mare,  and 
never  trained.* 

Our  portrait  of  Black  Maria  is  pronounced  on  all  hands  to 
be  a  most  striking  and  remarkable  likeness.  It  was  painted  in 
1834,  near  the  close  of  her  racing  career,  and  at  the  termination 
of  a  severe  campaign,  when  she  was  very  low  in  flesh.  Troye 
was  unusually  successful  with  his  picture,  and  our  clever  en- 
gravers have  been  equally  felicitous,  as  we  are  assured  by 
Mr.  Stevens,  Mr.  Hall,  and  several  other  gentlemen  who  were 
familiar  with  the  subject  of  it.  As  "the  old  Black  Mare" 
entertained  some  "  vulgar  prejudice  "  against  "  sitting  for  her 
portrait,"  Troye  directed  Bill  Patrick,  her  faithful  groom,  to 
ride  her  out  into  a  paddock  in  front  of  his  window  ;  this  pro- 
ceeding might  be  all  very  well  for  the  painter- and  for  the  mare, 
Bill  thought,  but  as  for  him,  he  was  inclined  to  ■•'  sulk,"  after 
two  hours'  promenading  ;  so  whipping  off  his  saddle,  he  incon- 
tinently determined  to  hitch  the  mare  and  "  bolt,"  for  which 
disregard  of  orders  and  his  lukewarmness  in  facilitating  the 
progress  of  the  Fine  Arts,  Troye  clapped  him  into  his  picture  in 
the  very  act  of  committing  so  grave  an  offence  in  the  eye  of  a 
turfman  or  an  artist,  as  hitching  a  race-horse  to  a  tree !  Of 
course  he  will  now  go  down  through  all  time  as  the  boy  who  was 
guilty  of  so  unpardonable  a  sin,  but  for  fear  his  punishment 
would  be  greater  than  he  could  bear,  Troye,  through  urgent  in- 

*  Harlem  Lass,  afterwards  called  Young  Lady  Lightfoot,  produced  Miss  Light- 
fooi  by  imp.  Trustee,  late  owned  by  Dr.  L.  A.  Sayre,  of  New  York. — Ed. 


BLACK   MAEIA.  225 

tercession,  was  finally  induced  to  remit  a  j^ortion  of  the  punish- 
ment he  had  intended,  by  concealing  his  face. 

Black  Maria's  name  indicates  her  color ;  her  coat  is  a  glossy 
jet,  without  a  white  mark,  and  her  measurement,  under  the 
standard,  is  fifteen  hands  three  inches.  She  "  favors  "  Lady 
Lightfoot  in  tlie  shape  of  her  head,  which  is  lighter  than  most 
of  the  get  of  Eclipse,  taj)ering  considerably  towards  the  mouth ; 
she  has  very  fine  expressive  eyes,  and  her  ears  are  remarkably 
pretty ;  her  neck  is  delicate,  well-shaped,  and  i*ather  long,  but 
not  out  of  proportion  to  the  length  of  her  head,  which  is  very 
well  set  on  ;  her  neck  comes  out  exceedingly  well  from  her 
shoulders,  which  are  broad  and  beautifully  clean,  t]iough  not 
quite  oblique  enough  to  our  taste  ;  on  this  point,  however, 
"  doctors  difier."  She  rises  very  high  in  her  withers  ;  her  arms 
are  long,  and  immensely  powerful,  with  short  and  very  flat 
cannon  bones ;  she  has  good  knees,  neat  pasterns,  and  per- 
fectly shaped  feet ;  the  great  depth  of  her  chest  allows  free  res- 
piration, her  brisket  falling  down  much  in  the  style  of  old 
Eclipse  ;  taken  altogether,  forehanded,  she  is  almost  faultless, 
combining  the  best  points  of  both  her  dam  and  sire.  When  we 
saw  her  last — now  a  year  since — she  was  greatly  filled  out, 
with  well  rounded  fore  and  back  ribs,  and  a  better  proportioned 
barrel  than  she  generally  exhibited  in  training ;  she  was  wont 
to  be  rather  light,  and  considerably  tucked  up  in  the  flank, 
though  now  and  then  she  was  in  this  respect  a  perfect  model ; 
the  principal  objection  to  her  was  ever  her  great  length  of  car- 
cass. Her  coupling  does  not  indicate  that  ability  to  take  up 
her  weight  and  go  a  distance,  which  her  performances  have  so 
signally  demonstrated — another  proof  that  horses  run  in  all 
forms.  She  has  arched  loins,  with  good  but  rather  drooping 
quarters — very  muscular  thighs,  and  gaskins  of  prodigious 
strength,  and  clean  hocks,  coming  well  down  to  the  ground. 
Tlie  only  two  points  about  iier  that  might  justly  be  found  fault 
with,  consist  of  the  unsightly  "  Bedford  hump  "  between  her 
hips,  and  her  baiTel,  which  is  too  long  and  too  light.  It  has 
been  urged  that  the  peculiar  conformation  of  most  of  the  Eclipse 
and  Lady  Lightfoot  stock  induces  curbs  ;  however  it  may  have 
been  with  the  others,  the  two  Marias  exhibit  as  beautifully 
formed  limbs  as  ever  supported  a  high-mettled  racer.  Black 
Vol.  I.— 15 


226  THE   nOESE. 

Maria's  style  of  going  was  remarkably  strong  and  steady,  and 
lier  stride  was  tremendous  ;  in  brushing,  she  covered  twenty- 
four  feet  at  a  stroke.  That  she  nnited  unflinching  game,  and  a 
remarkable  turn  of  speed,  to  that  particularly  fine  idea  of  "  per- 
petual motion  "  which  characterized  her  illustrious  ancestry, 
the  subjoined  record  of  her  performances  will  abundantly  de- 
monstrate. Baxter,  who  brought  Dosoris  and  Fordham  to  the 
post  for  their  maiden  races  in  such  superb  condition,  was  her 
first  trainer,  and  Alfred  Conover,  the  present  capital  trainer  of 
Mr.  Kobert  L.  Stevens,  had  the  honor  of  first  throwing  his  leg 
over  her  back.  She  won  her  first  four-mile  race  in  the  hands 
of  Frederick,  "  the  yellow  man,"  and  subsequently  was  trained 
by  John  Buckley,  David  Palmer,  and  Flintoff,  though  Buckley 
trained  her  for  most  of  her  great  races. 

1829.    Union  Course,  Long  Island,  Saturday,  Oct.  S— Produce  Match,  $5,000  each,  h.  ft.,  Two-mile 

heats. 
John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  f.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot  by  Sir  Archy,  3  yrs. 

87  lbs 11 

Col.  Wm.  B.  Johnson's  br.  c.  Brilliant,  by  Sir  Archy,  out  of  Bet  Bounce— Arab's  dam— by 

imp.  Sir  Harry,  3  yrs.  90  lbs 2    2 

Time,  4.01— 3.5S.    Track  heavy. 

Tliis  match  was  made  on  blood,  before  either  animal  was 
foaled,  and  naturally  excited  a  good  deal  of  interest.  It  was 
IN'ortli  versus  South  again.  It  being  the  first  appearance  of 
both  performers,  little  or  nothing  was  known,  even  by  "  men  of 
business,"  of  the  speed  or  endurance  o(  either.  Maria  looked 
like  "  a  good  'un,"  but  then  Brilliant  was  brought  to  the  post 
by  that  first-rate  judge  and  crack  trainer.  Col.  Johnson,  who 
showed  he  knew  a  "  hawk  from  a  handsaw,"  by  ofi'ering  to  pay 
$1750  to  be  ofi";  but  this  was  "no  go"— t'other  party  "know'd 
sum'ut "  too,  and  wouldn't  bite.  The  Colonel  knew  the  black 
lady  to  be  well-born  and  well-bred  ;  but  thinking  she  might  i 
turn  out,  as  many  others  with  the  same  advantages  have  done, 
no  better  than  she  should  be,  he  determined,  rather  than  pay 
the  $2,500,  to  start  Brilliant,  and  so  "  threw  the  helve  after  the 
hatchet."  The  pace  for  the  first  mile  was  "  as  slow  as  foot  could 
fall,"  and  for  three-quarters  of  the  second  it  was  any  thing  but 
a  racing  one.  At  the  quarter  stake  Brilliant  let  loose,  and 
gained  two  or  three  lengths  by  the  rush.     This  awoke  the  boy 


BLAGJi   MARIA   AND   BRILLIANT.  227 

upon  IVIaria,  and  lie  waked  np  the  filly  with  six  or  eight  such 
first-rate  "  eye  openers,"  as  brought  her,  at  a  slapping  pace, 
three  or  four  lengths  ahead,  at  the  ending  post.  Time,  4.01. 
The  filly's  taking  the  string  to  win  the  heat  in  such  bad  time, 
led  the  backers  of  Brilliant  to  believe  that  his  "good  fix" 
would  tell  in  the  next  heat,  and  so  they  were  "all  alive  and 
kicking."  In  going  off  the  second  heat,  the  "  persuaders  "  were 
applied  to  Brilliant  from  the  score,  and  continued  "  ever  and 
anon."  The  pace  for  the  first  mile  was  respectable  ;  but  it  was 
evident  the  mare  was  going  too  much  at  her  ease  to  bode  any 
good  to  the  horse.  She  was  kept  well  together,  and  ready  at 
any  moment  for  a  rally.  The  boy  on  Brilliant  tried  what  cutting 
would  do,  but  it  was  of  no  service.  This  diamond,  though  of 
the  Yirginia  water,  shone  none  the  brighter  for  it.  In  the  last 
half  mile,  the  horse  knocked  up,  from  being  overworked  in  the 
first,  and  the  "  Coal  Black  Hose  "  won  without  a  struggle  in 
3.58.  After  the  race,  Col.  Johnson  was  persuaded,  by  a  gentle- 
man from  Quebec,  to  throw  this  pearl  away  for  a  thousand  dol- 
lars ;  he  has  since  been  a  winner  in  Canada.  Within  a  few 
months  he  has  been  purchased  by  James  M.  Beall,  Esq.,  of  Rus- 
sell ville,  Ky.,  for  $2,000,  and  will  stand  at  that  place  next 
season.  The  betting,  when  the  horses  were  stripped,  was  gen- 
erally about  equal,  the  Southern  horse  being  rather  the  favorite 
with  a  limited  party.     The  track  was  very  heavy. 

1829.  Same  course,  Oct.  8 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $400,  free  for  all  ages,  3  yr.  olds  carrying  90  Ibs.^ 
4, 104 — 5, 114 — 6, 121 — 7  and  upwards,  126  lbs. ;  mares,  fillies  and  geldings  allowed  3  lbs.  Three- 
mile  heats. 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  f.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  3  yrs.         .        .        .11 

Maj.  Wm.  Jones's  ch.  m.  Lady  Flirt,  by  Hickory,  dam  by  Duroc,  6  yrs 2    2 

Smith  Freeman's  ch.  h.  Sir  Charles,  by  Duroc,  out  of  Maria  Slamerkln,  by  Bond's  First 

Consul,  5  yrs. 3  dist 

Time,  5.59—6.12. 

Black  Maria  took  the  lead  from  the  start,  was  never  headed, 
and  won  in  a  canter.  Lady  Flirt  is  still  in  Major  Jones's  breed- 
ing stud  on  Long  Island,  and  is  the  dam  of  his  Andrew  filly 
Fidget,  and  some  other  young  things. 

1830.  Same  course,  Monday,  May  10 — Sweepstakes  for  all  ages,  weights  as  before.  Three  sub- 
scribers at  one  thousand  dollars  each,  P.  P.    Four  miles. 

Col.  Wm.  E.  Johnson's  b.  m.  Slender,  by  Sir  Charles,  out  of  Reality,  by  Sir  Archy,  5  yrs.  .       .  1 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  f.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  4  yrs 3 

Walter  Livingston's  gr.  m.  Betsey  Ransom,  by  Virginian,  out  of  Favorite,  by  Bel- Air,  6  yrs.    .  • 
Time,  7.58.     *  Broke  down. 


228  THE   HOESE. 

Slender  was  the  favorite  at  odds  against  the  fiekl.  During 
the  training  of  Betsey  Ransom,  the  fall  prcvions,  she  liad  let 
down  in  the  hack  sinew  of  one  fore  leg,  and  was  then  pui  chased, 
by  Mr.  Livingston,  as  nnsound.  By  the  aid  of  blisters,  and  that 
grand  specific  of  nature,  rest^  she  had,  to  appearance,  so  far  sur- 
mounted this  accident  as  to  induce  Mr.  Livingston,  prior  to  the 
1st  of  January,  1830,  to  nominate  her  for  this  stake  ;  but  unfor- 
tunately, her  leg  conld  not  stand  the  exercise  required  to  get 
four  mile  length  into  her.  She  complained  much — her  work 
was  of  necessity  curtailed,  and  her  gallops,  at  times,  discon- 
tinued. She  came  to  the  post  by  much  too  high  in  flesh,  and 
her  leg  much  swollen — it  was  madness  to  start  her.  Black 
Maria  fell  far  short  of  tip-top  ordei*,  while  Slender  was  all  and 
all  the  thing.     Tlie  race  is  thus  described. 

"  They  got  oif  well  together,  Maria  taking  the  lead,  followed 
closely  by  Betsey  Ransom — Slender  trailing  a  little.  Li  this 
way  they  went  along  at  a  clever  rate,  all  in  hand,  for  the  first 
mile  and  a  quarter,  each  waiting  for  the  other  to  make  play. 
Li  going  down  the  back  stretch  in  the  second  mile,  Slender  let 
out  a  little,  lapped  Betsey,  and  ran  up  to  Maria,  whose  rider  set 
her  upon  her  legs,  and  all  three  went  the  pace,  until  they  arrived 
at  the  rise  of  the  ground,  at  the  termination  of  the  straight  run, 
on  the  back  side.  Here  Billy  Clark  took  the  bay  mare  firmly 
in  hand,  while  Maria  led  round  the  north  turn,  with  Betsey 
close  up.  When  they  entered  upon  the  quarter  stretch,  toward 
the  termination  of  the  second  round.  Slender  again  let  out,  and 
all  came  up  the  straight  run  at  a  rattling  rate,  the  black  mare 
still  leading  the  gray  in  her  former  position,  and  the  bay  still 
waiting  upon  them.  Thus  they  entered  upon  the  third  mile, 
and  passed  round  the  south  turn.  "When  they  arrived  at  the 
commencement  of  the  straight  run,  on  the  back  part,  it  was 
evident  that  Betsey  faltered — her  fine  regular  stride  was  gone — 
she  clambered,  and  was  all  abroad.  Slender  passed  in  her 
steady  stroke.  Betsey  continued  to  drop  rapidly,  and,  being 
completely  let  down,  was  stopped,  near  the  termination  of  the 
third  mile.  Maria  and  Slender  were  now  going  the  last  mile, 
and  had  advanced  full  half  way  round  the  first  turn  ;  the  latter 
collected  and  in  hand,  ready  for  a  dash.  As  soon  as  they  com- 
menced the  stretch,  on  the  back  side,  she  made  play,  ran  up  and 


BLACK   MARIA   AND   SLENDER.  229 

Challenged,  and  a  sharp  rally  ensued  for  about  sixty  rods.  But 
the  set-to  commenced  too  early  ;  the  distance  home  too  long  for 
Maria  to  live  through  ;  the  length  began  to  tell,  and  although 
the  boy  got  well  at  her,  it  would  not  do.  Slender  came  in  front 
at  the  end  of  the  straight  side,  and  swept  boldly  round  the  last 
turn.  The  black  mare's  chance  was  now  out,  while  the  bay 
entered  upon  the  last  quarter  stretch  in  good  style,  winning  in 
a  canter. — Time,  Y.58." 

Slender,  the  beautiful  winner  of  this  race,  was  killed  the 
May  following,  by  an  accident  received  in  a  race  with  Collier 
and  Eliza  Tteilly,  at  Norfolk,  Va.  It  occurred  on  tlie  25tli  May, 
in  running  four-mile  lieats.  The  three  entries  were  locked  in 
the  second  mile.  Slender  having  the  inside  track  ;  when  all 
three  were  making  play  for  the  lead,  Slender  struck  one  of  her 
feet  against  the  railing,  and  fell.  The  shock  was  so  great  as  to 
deprive  her  of  all  motion,  and  she  lay  apparently  lifeless  on  the 
track,  whence  slie  was  immediately  removed,  and  every  effort 
made  to  revive  her ;  but  it  appeared,  upon  examination,  that 
the  spine  was  broken,  and  that  she  had  received  some  internal 
hurts,  which  rendered  recovery  impossible  ;  she  died  at  10 
o'clock  the  same  night.  Her  fate  excited  general  sympath}^, 
and  a  deep-felt  regret  in  the  gallant  turfman  to  whom  this  fine 
animal  belonged.  To  him  her  nominal  value  was  of  little  con- 
sequence, but  she  was  a  favorite.     Her  rider  escaped  unhurt. 

Betsey  Ransom,  now  owned  by  Robert  L.  Stevens,  Esq.,  of 
this  city,  he  sent  out  to  England,  in  company  with  his  celebrated 
mare  Polly  Hopkins,  in  October,  1834.  They  went  out  in  foal 
to  Eclipse  ;  Polly  Hopkins  dropped  a  colt,  and  Betsey  Ransom 
a  filly  foal,  which  were  imported  in  their  yearling  form.  The 
filly,  called  Jessica,  Mr.  Stevens  sold  last  season,  and  she  is  now 
owned  in  Missouri ;  Mr.  P.  C.  Bush  ran  her  with  credit  at  the 
fall  meeting  of  the  St.  Louis  Jockey  Club,  over  the  Sulphur 
Springs  Course.  In  England  the  two  mares  were  bred  to  the 
most  fashionable  stallions  of  the  day  ;  in  1837  a  yearling  filly 
by  Priam — since  imported — and  another  by  Emilius  came  over, 
and  shortly  afterwards  Betsey  Ransom  herself;  slie  was  bred 
last  year  to  Mr.  John  C.  Stevens'  Dosoris,  while  Polly  Hopkins 
was  stinted  to  Plenipo,  and  still  remains  abroad. 


230  THE   HORSE. 

1830.    Dutchess  County  Course,  Poughkeepsie,  N.  T.,  "Wednesday,  May  19— Jockey  Club  Puree, 
$800,  free  for  all  ages ;    weights  as  on  the  Union  Course.    Three-milo  heats. 

Maj.  Wm.  Jones's  ch.  id.  Lady  Flirt,  by  Hickory,  dam  by  Duroc,  aged 11 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  f.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  4  yrs.        ...  22 

Gen.  Bedell's  b.  f.  Jeannett,  by  Eclipse,  dam  by ,  4  yrs *    * 

Wm.  H.  Minge's  b.  c.  Mayday,  by  Sir  Archy,  dam  by  Hornet,  4  yrs *    * 

Time,  6.00  each  heat. 

!No  particulars  of  tliis  race  have  come  to  our  knowledge, 
otherwise  than  that  it  was  said  to  have  been  "  won  handily." 
The  Jeannett,  run  by  Gen.  Bedell,  must  not  be  confounded  with 
Mr.  Stevens'  Janettc,  own  sister  to  Sir  Charles.  Mayday  was 
standing  at  Buckingham  Court  House,  Ya.,  in  1837,  since  which 
we  have  lost  sight  of  him. 

T30.    Same  course,  Thursday,  Oct.  7 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $500,  free  for  all  ages,  weights  as  before. 
Four-mile  heats. 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  f.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  4  yrs 11 

Jos.  H.  Van  Mater's  ch.  c.  Leopold,  by  Oscar,  out  of  Katydid,  by  imp.  Expedition,  4  yrs.        .  3    2 

John  Buckley's  ch.  m.  Lady  Hunter,  by  Duroc,  out  of  Lady  Eichmond,  by  Eagle,  6  yrs.     .  2    S 

Maj.  Wm.  Jones's  ch.  m.  Lady  Flirt,  by  Hickory,  dam  by  Duroc,  aged, dist 

Time,  7.53—8.05. 

A  very  fine  race  between  Leopold  and  Lady  Hunter,  neither 
being  able  to  put  up  the  winner,  who  won  cleverly  at  her  ease. 
Leopold  is  now  standing  in  Illinois,  and  promises  to  distinguish 
himself.  Lady  Hunter  is  beneath  the  turf.  It  will  be  seen  that 
Lady  Flirt,  who  beat  Black  Maria  in  her  previous  race,  was  dis- 
tanced by  her  in  this  with  ease. 

1830.  Same  course,  Wednesday,  Oct.  27 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $500,  conditions  as  before.    Four- 
mile  heats. 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  f.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  4  yrs.  .        .        .11 

Jos.  H.  Van  Mater's  ch.  c.  Leopold,  by  Oscar,  out  of  Katydid,  4  yrs 2    2 

Mr.  Parker's  gr.  m.  Peggy  Madee,  by  Sir  Hal,  dam  by  Sir  Archy,  aged 5    8 

Thos.  Pearsall's  ch.  m.  Medora,  by  Rattier,  out  of  Sport's-mistress  by  Hickory,  4  yrs.        .         3    4 

J.  Buckley's  ch.  m.  Lady  Hunter,  by  Duroc,  out  of  Lady  Eichmond,  6  yrs 4    5 

Time,  7.56—7.53. 

A  capital  race,  all  out  and  doing  their  best  from  end  to  end, 
save  the  winner,  who  cut  out  the  work  with  a  long  rating  stroke, 
and  never  was  headed  in  either  heat.  Peggy  Madee,  when  we 
last  heard  of  her,  was  in  the  breeding  stud  of  Henry  Maclin, 
Esq.,  of  Yirginia. 

1831.  Union  Course,  L.  I.,  Thursday,  May  12 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $600,  conditions  as  before. 
Four-mile  heats. 

Col.  Wm.  E.  Johnson's  gr.  f.  Bonnets  o'  Blue,  by  Sir  Charles,  out  of  Eeality,  by  Sir  Archy, 

4  yrs 11 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot  5  yrs.    .       .  2    2 

pr.  Alex.  Hosack's  ch.  h.  St.  George,  by  Eclipse,  5  yrs ...    dlst. 

Time,  7.57—8.22. 


BONNETS    o'    BLUE.  231 

Bonnets  o'  Blue,  a  very  superior  race  mare,  promises  to  be- 
come equally  celebrated  in  the  breeding  stud.  She  is  now  the 
property  of  William  Gibbons,  Esq.,  of  Madison,  IST.  J.,  who  has 
colts  from  her  by  Shark  and  imp.  Trustee  ;  the  former  at  a 
year  old  was  very  bloodlike,  and  as  promising  a  yearling  as  we 
ever  saw  ;  he  makes  his  debut  in  the  spring,  and  though  a  little 
under-sized,  promises  to  confer  credit  upon  his  illustrious  ances- 
try. If  our  memory  serves  us,  Mr.  Gibbons  paid  Col.  Johnson 
$2,500  for  Bonnets  o'  Blue,  after  she  was  withdrawn  from  the 
turf.  'No  particulars  of  this  race  are  furnished  by  the  Tuif 
Register  or  journals  of  the  day.  Dr.  Hosack's  St.  George  was 
of  no  account. 

1831.    Dutchess  County  Course,  Poughkeepsie,  N.  T.,  Thursday,  May  26 — Jockey  Club  Purse, 

$500,  free  for  all  ages,  weights  as  before.    Four-mile  heats. 
John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  5  yrs.        ,        .        .11 
Jos  H..  Van  :Mater's  ch.  c.  Mark  Eichards,  by  John  Pachards,  dam  by  Eevenge,  4  yrs.        .        2    2 

J.  8.  Snedeker's  gr.  h.  Splendid,  by  Duroc,  out  of  Empress,  aged 8    * 

Time,  8.17— 8.30.    *  Broke  down. 

The  track  was  very  heavy,  and  neither  of  the  other  entries 
were  able  to  push  the  winner,  who  led  from  end  to  end,  Mark 
Richards  has  since  stood  for  mares,  and  if  we  mistake  not. 
Splendid  is  yet  a  stallion  at  the  South-west.  Some  of  the 
former's  stock  we  have  seen,  but  cannot  say  much  for  them. 

1881.    Same  course,  Thursday,  Oct.  6 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $500,  conditions  as  before.    Four-mile 

heats. 
Col.  Wm.  Wynn's  b.  c.  James  Cropper,  by  Sir  Charles,  dam  by  Whip,  4  yrs.      .       .        .12    1 
John  C.  Stevens' bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  5  yrs.       .       .        2    12 
Time,  8.01—8.04—8.07.    Track  heavy. 

Cropper  was  the  favorite  at  long  odds,  the  mare  being  amiss. 
Each  heat  was  desperately  contested,  Cropper  winning  the  first 
heat  by  a  neck  only,  after  being  spurred  all  the  w^ay  up  the 
straight  side.  Betting  now  ten  to  one  on  him.  Black  Maria 
won  the  second  heat  by  two  lengths,  having  a  different  jockey 
on  her  back  ;  the  one  who  rode  her  the  first  was  oblifjed  to 
carry  a  heavy  hag  of  sand  to  make  up  his  weight.  The  issue 
of  the  third  heat  was  put  upon  a  brush  by  Maria,  and  she  lost 
it  by  a  throatlatch  merely  ;  two  more  strokes  would  have  "  done 
the  trick."  James  Cropper,  at  our  last  accounts  of  him,  was 
Btanding  in  Nottoway  county,  Ya. 


232  THE    HORSE. 

1881.  Central  Course,  Baltimore,  Md.,  "Wednesday,  Oct.  26— Post  Stake  for  all  ages,  3  yr.  olds  to 
carry  86  lbs.— 4,  100—5,  110—6,  US— 7  and  upwards,  124  lbs.  allowing  3  lbs.  to  marcs  and  geld- 
ings. Six  subscribers  at  $500  each,  to  ivbicli  the  proprietor  added  $1,000.  Four-mile  heats. 
John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  LIghtfoot,  5  yrs.  .  .511 
Col.  John  P.  "White's  ch.  h.  Collier,  by  Sir  Charles,  dam  by  Whip,  5  yrs.  .  .  .  3  2  2 
Col.  "W.  E.  Johnson's  b.  m.  Virginia  Taylor,  by  Sir  Archy,  out  of  Coquette,  5  yrs.  .  .13  8 
Col.  "Wm.  "Wynn's  b.  c.  James  Cropper,  by  Sir  Charles,  dam  by  "Whip,  4  yrs.         .        .         4    4* 

Gen.  C.  Irvine's  ch.  c.  Busiris,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Grand  Duchess,  4  yrs 6    dist. 

Dr.  Wm.  n.  Minge's  b.  f  Eliza  Eeilly,  by  Sir  Archy,  out  of  Bet  Bounce,  4  yrs.     .        .         2      dr. 
Time,  8.03—8.10—8.03.    *  Broke  down. 

•'  Goclolpliin,"  a  favorite  correspondent  of  the  "  Turf  Regis- 
ter" at  the  time,  gives  lis  the  annexed  report  of  this  fine 
race : — 

"  The  amount  of  the  purse,  the  reputation  of  the  horses,  to- 
gether "v\-itli  the  concourse  assembled  to  "witness  it,  gave  to  this 
race  an  interest  scarcely  inferior  to  that  excited  by  the  contest 
between  Henry  and  Eclipse.  The  course,  from  the  surrounding 
hills,  had  the  appearance  of  a  vast  amphitheatre.  Its  whole 
area  seemed  covered  with  equipages — some  of  them  very  splen- 
did— mingled  with  troops  of  well-dressed  men,  on  foot  and  on 
horseback.  The  sun  shone  with  more  than  his  usual  splendor — 
there  was  not  a  cloud  to  be  seen — Heaven  and  the  ladies  smiled 
upon  the  first  efi'orts  of  the  Maryland  Jockey  Club.  How, 
then,  could  they  fail  ?  Their  immense  pavilions  were  crowded 
with  spectators,  collected  from  every  State  in  the  Union.  Tlie 
one  api^ropriated  to  the  ladies  was  occupied  by  hundreds  of  the 
gay  and  beautiful  of  that  sex,  without  whose  smiles,  the  flowers 
of  the  brightest  wreaths  ever  wove  for  victory  would  fade  and 
be  valueless.  Their  presence  was  felt  as  a  security  for  the  ob- 
servance of  those  rules,  the  slightest  violation  of  which  would 
have  been  deemed  a  disgrace  too  deep  for  a  gentleman,  and  too 
dangerous  for  a  ruffian  to  encounter. 

"  The  horses  were  mounted,  and  got  off  well  together  at  a 
few  minutes  after  one  o'clock.  Eliza  Eeilly  came  out  of  the 
crowd  and  took  the  lead  down  the  back  stretch,  followed  at  dif- 
ferent distances  by  the  othei's.  In  the  last  mile  she  was  tackled 
by  Virginia  Taylor,  who  beat  her  the  heat  by  a  length  in  8,03. 
What  Collier  and  Cropper  did,  or  meant  to  do,  nobody  could 
guess,  as  they  appeared  to  change  their  minds  some  half  dozen 
of  times,  running  at  one  moment,  and  pulling  at  another. 
Busiris  dropt  just  within  his  distance.  The  boy  on  Black  Maria 
was  ordered  to  do  the  same  ;  but,  maugre  his  utmost  exertions, 


COLLIER    AND    ELIZA    EEILLT.  233 

and  his  I'unning  rein,  she  came  within  a  7nil6  distance  of  the 
winning  horse.  Had  she  broke  away  with  him  in  the  last  half 
inile — which  I  expected  every  minute  to  see — she  would  have 
won  the  heat  in  spite  of  his  teeth.  The  heat  varied  the  betting 
but  little.  It  was  still,  as  at  the  commencement,  Collier  against 
Cropper — Collier  against  the  field — Cropper  against  the  black 
mare — the  field  against  either,  &c.,  &c. 

"  For  the  second  heat  five  started,  Eliza  lieilly  being  drawn. 
The  first  three  miles  of  this  heat  was  done  in  a  gallop,  neither 
seeming  anxious  to  make  play.  At  the  end  of  the  third  mile 
Maria  took  the  track,  and  kept  it  at  a  killing  pace,  winning 
easily  in  8.10.  Collier  second,  and  Busiris  distanced.  This 
bout  changed  the  complexion  of  things.  It  was  now  Maria 
against  the  field,  and  no  takers. 

"  Four  stripped  for  the  third  heat ;  but  the  way  in  which 
the  black  mare  cooled  out,  showed  to  those  who  knew  a  hawk 
from  a  handsaw,  that  the  jig  was  up,  barring  accident.  It  was 
a  side  of  bacon  to  a  sour  apple — no  bad  thing,  as  the  stable 
boys,  as  well  as  myself,  can  vouch.  That,  together  with  the 
corn  bread,  stuck  so  close  to  the  ribs  of  Gil  and  Ralph,  that 
four  ounces  of  salts  had  no  effect  on  either,  except  to  harden 
the  corn  bread  and  the  bacon,  and  render  them  four  ounces 
heavier,  instead  of  four  pounds — the  difiference  between  iN^orthern 
and  Southern  weights — lighter.  Maria  took  the  lead  and  kept 
it,  winning  easily  in  8.03 — as  hard  as  Ealph  could  pull  her. 
Cropper  broke  down  in  the  third  mile." 

Collier  stood  at  the  Madison  Course,  Ky.,  last  season.  Busiris, 
for  several  seasons,  has  been  covering  in  Pennsylvania,  quite 
"  out  of  the  world,"  as  regards  thoroughbred  mares,  though  a 
very  capital  horse  ;  he  ought  to  be  sent  to  a  "  race-horse  region." 
At  the  sale  of  Mr.  Minge's  stock  last  October,  Eliza  Reilly  was 
sold  to  J.  H.  Williamson,  Esq.,  of  Virginia.  Virginia  Taylor, 
who  soon  after  this  race  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  late  Mr. 
Craig,  of  Philadelphia,  is  now  the  property  of  Dr.  George  Mc- 
Clellan,  of  that  city. 

1S31.     Same  course,  Saturday,  Oct.  23— Jockey  Club  Purse,  $700,  free  for  all  ages,  weights  as  be- 
fore.    Four-mile  heats. 

Col.  Wm.  E.  Johnson's  ch.  f.  Trifle,  by  Sir  Charles,  dam  by  Cicero,  3  yrs 11 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  5  yrs.    ...  22 

CoL  J.  P.  White's  ch.  h.  Collier,  by  Sir  Charles,  dam  by  Whip,  5  yrs.        .        .        ...  8    3 

l)r.  John  Minge's  b.  h.  Mayday,  by  Sir  Archy,  dam  by  Hornet,  5  yrs.          .        .       •        .  4    4 
Time,  S.OO — 7.55.    Track  heavy. 


234 


THE   HORSE. 


The  following  spirited  account  of  tliis  race  is  from  the  same 
correspondent. 

"  Two  to  one  on  Maria  against  the  field  and  few  takers. 
She  was  known  to  have  fed  but  little,  and  to  be  somewhat  stiff 
and  sore  from  her  race  of  Wednesday,  still  it  was  thought  there 
was  enough  left  in  her  to  beat  Collier,  Mayday,  and  an  untried 
3-year-old  of  14  hands  high.  The  start  was  a  good  one.  Col- 
lier and  Mayday  had  the  track  for  the  first  two  miles  and  a  half, 
closely  followed  by  Maria  and  Trifle  ;  Maria  then  came  in  front 
and  kept  the  lead  to  the  turn  in  the  last  half  mile,  when,  to  the 
astonishment  of  every  body,  Trifle  made  a  brush  and  Avent  by 
her  two  or  three  lengths.  Ealpli  was  all  abroad,  and  did  not 
know  whether  he  was  on  his  head  or  his  heels.  YVhalebone 
and  catgut  could  only  bring  the  mare  to  a  lap  at  the  ending 
post.  Trifle  w^on  the  heat  in  8.00.  Collier  and  Mayday  laid 
up.  This  heat,  though  it  varied  the  betting  on  the  black  mare, 
did  not  discourage  the  friends  of  Collier,  who  backed  him  to 
win  against  cither  the  mare  or  Trifle.  Maria  came  to  the  post 
for  the  second  heat  perfectly  cooled  out,  and  looking  still  like 
a  winner  ;  but  she  was  observed  to  be  a  little  lame,  and  to  feel 
in  lier  feet  the  eftects  of  her  former  race.  Collier  and  Mayday 
were  but  little  distressed,  and  Trifle  came  from  the  hands  of  Col. 
Selden's  trainer  in  perfect  condition.  The  four  stripped  again 
at  the  usual  interval — which  at  the  South  is  forty-five  minutes. 
Collier  and  Mayday  made  the  running  for  the  first  two  miles, 
when  Maria's  steady  stride  brought  her  alongside,  and  in  the 
next  half  mile  ahead  of  both.  The  black  mare  kept  the  track, 
dropping  Collier  and  Mayday  fast,  and  followed  at  a  short  dis- 
tance by  Trifle,  who  had  also  headed  the  other  two.  In  round- 
ing the  turn  in  the  last  half  mile.  Trifle  again  challenged,  and 
again  went  by  the  mare,  in  the  same  place  and  in  the  same 
style  as  in  the  former  heat,  evincing  no  signs  of  tire,  and  win- 
ning by  a  length  in  7.55.  She  kept  up  her  stride,  and  showed 
an  endurance  that  astonished  those  who  witnessed  this  extra- 
ordinar}'-  performance.  In  this  heat  Black  Maria  ran  her 
twentieth  mile  of  that  week  in  1.53." 

Trifle  came  out  in  the  spring  of  this  year,  and  i-an  on  to  the 
end  of  the  campaign  of  1831:,  during  which  she  started  twenty- 
four  times  and  won  eighteen  races — sixteen  of  them  purses,  at 


TEIFLE.  235 

three  and  four-mile  heats — netting  for  lier  owner  $14,380.  She 
has  never  been  put  in  condition  since  first  withdrawn  from  the 
turf,  though  "  taken  up  "  to  train  several  times.  Siie  dropped 
a  very  fine  br.  filly  foal  by  Star  in  1837,  and  is  now  stinted  to 
imp.  Priam  ;  she  still  remains  the  property  of  Col.  Johnson  of 
Virginia,  and  Capt.  David  H.  Branch,  of  the  Union  Course,  L.  I. 
Charlotte  Russe,  an  own  sister  of  hers,  coming  five  years,  the 
property  of  Col.  Wade  Hampton  of  South  Carolina,  promises  to 
add  another  chaplet  to  the  brow  of  Sir  Charles,  by  her  brilliant 
performances  ;  after  winning  at  the  South  in  the  winter  of  1837, 
she  was  placed  in  the  stable  of  the  "  ISTapoleon,"  who  brought 
her  to  the  ITorth  with  Boston,  and  she  finished  the  campaign  by 
winning  a  four-mile  purse  on  the  Beacon  Course.  The  same 
chivalrous  gentleman  is  also  the  owner  of  Bay  Maria,  an  own 
sister  of  the  subject  of  this  memoir,  and  a  distinguished  winner 
at  four-mile  heats.  To  the  great  regret  of  her  Northern  friends. 
Col.  Hampton  withdrew  her  from  the  turf  at  the  close  of  her 
five-year-old  year,  after  she  had  won  three  Jockey  Club  Purses 
in  South  Carolina  at  four-mile  heats,  within  about  as  many 
weeks.  She  was  without  a  blemish  when  put  into  the  stud,  and 
is  the  most  beautiful  brood  mare  we  ever  saw  ;  a  filly  she 
dropped  last  season  to  imp.  Powton  is  considered  a  nonpareil. 

1832.    Dutchess  County  Course,  Poughkeepsie,  N.  T.,  Thursday,  May  17 — Jockey  Cluh  Purse,  $500, 
free  for  all  ages,  3  yr.  olds  90  lbs. — 1, 104—5, 114—6, 121—7  and  upwards,  126  Yds.,  mares  and 
geldings  being  allowed  3  lbs.     Four-mile  heats. 
John  C.  Stevens' bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  6  yrs.         .        ,        .11 

J.  H.  Forman's  b.  c.  Uncle  Sam,  by  John  Richards,  dam  by  Cscar,  4  yrs 4    2 

Thos.  Pearsall's  ch.  m.  Medora,  by  Rattler,  out  of  Sporfs-mistress,  6  yrs 5    3 

Mr.  Abbott's  bl.  h.  Rising  Sun,  by  Eclipse,  dam  by  Plato,  5  yrs 3    4 

Jos.  U.  Van  Mater's  gr.  f.  Jane  Grey,  by  Orphan  Boy,  out  of  Rosalind,  by  Oscar,  4  yrs.  .        .    2  dr. 

Time,  8.0S— 8.16. 

The  track  was  very  heavy  from  rain,  having  been  ploughed 
the  fall  previous.  Maria  won  without  a  struggle,  Uncle  Sam 
having  bolted  in  the  last  mile  of  the  second  heat,  notwitlistand- 
ing  which  he  came  in  second.  We  recollect  seeing  him  adver- 
tised to  stand  for  mares  in  a  Maryland  paper  a  year  or  two 
since.  Medora,  a  very  fine  brood  mare,  is  now  the  property  of 
AValter  Livingston,  Esq.,  of  this  city,  and  is  the  dam  of  liis  colt 
Nassau  ;  he  was  nominated  with  Job  in  the  great  $44,000  stake 
run  over  the  Union  Course  last  spring,  for  which  he  was  a  fa- 


236  THE   HORSE, 

vorite,  but  broke  out  with  the  distemper  a  few  days  before  the 
race,  and  was  not  started  during  the  season. 

1832.    Union  Course,  L.  I.,  "Wednesday,  May  23— Jockey  Club  Purse,  $500,  conditions  as  at  Pough- 

keepsie.     Four-mile  heats. 

Bela  Badger's  b.  h.  Flying  Dutchman,  by  John  Richards,  dam  by  Eclipse,  5  yrs.    .        .        .11 

Jos.  II.  Van  Mater's  gr.  f.  Jane  Grey,  by  Orphan  Boy,  out  of  Eosalind,  4  yrs.     ...         32 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  6  yrs.       .       .       .28 

Time,  8.05 — S.08.    Track  very  heavy  from  rain. 

The  betting  was  general  at  100  to  25  on  Black  Maria, 
amorous  notions  in  whose  head  interfered  with  the  swiftness  of 
her  heels  ;  she  was  so  desperately  enamored  with  the  Dutch- 
man, that  she  could  not  be  induced  to  pass  him.  Long  odds 
were  offered  on  her  for  the  race,  even  after  the  first  heat.  After 
Mr.  Badger's  death — some  three  years  since — Flying  Dutchman 
was  sold  to  go  West,  with  Priam — by  John  Kichards — and  an- 
other stallion. 

1832.    Dutchess  County  Course,  Poughkeepsio,  N.  T.,  Thursday,  Oct.  4 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $300, 

conditions  as  before.     Three  mile  heats. 
John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  6  yrs.  .        .211 

Dr.  E.  A.  Darcy's  ch.  m.  Lady  Relief,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Maria  Slamerkin,  5  yrs.  .        .         12    3 

A.  Sherman's  ch.  h.  De  Witt  Clinton,  by  Rattler,  out  of  Matilda,  4  yrs 8    8    2 

Time,  6.02—5.55—5.55. 

Black  Maria  not  being  quite  up  to  the  mark,  Mr.  Stevens 
entered  her  for  the  three-mile,  and  O'Kelly,  instead,  for  the  four- 
mile  purse,  and  thereby  w^on  both  cleverly.  O'Kelly,  then  five 
years  old,  beat  Jane  Grey  and  De  AVitt  Clinton,  and  soon  after- 
wards passed  into  the  hands  of  Col.  Johnson,  of  Yirginia,  for 
$5,500.  Col.  Johnson  disposed  of  him  soon  after  at  a  handsome 
advance,  to  a  Tennessee  turfman.  Mr.  A.  T.  ]^olan  advertised 
him  to  stand  at  Franklin,  Tenn,,  in  1836  ;  his  new  owners 
brought  him  on  the  turf  again  last  season,  in  his  eleventh  year, 
and  considering  "  the  hardships  he  had  passed,"  his  performance 
was  highly  respectable.  De  Witt  Clinton  is  still  the  property 
of  Mr.  Brooks,  of  Ovid,  Seneca  county,  IST.  Y.,  who  purchased 
him  of  Mr.  Sherman,  and  he  is  now  standing  at  Columbus, 
Ohio. 

1832.    Union  Course,  L.  I.,  Saturday,  Oct.  1.3— Jockey  Club  Purse,  $600,  conditions  as  before.  Four 

mile  heats. 
John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  6  yrs.        .10    2    2    1 
Dr.  E.  A.  Darcy's  ch.  m.  Lady  Relief,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Maria  Slamerkin,  5  yrs.     3    8    3    12 
John  C.  Craig's  ch.  f.  Trifle,  by  Sir  Charles,  dam  by  Cicero,  4  yrs.  .        .        .2018  difit 

Bela  Badger's— John  C.  Tillotson's— b.  f.  Slim,  by  Flying  Childers,  out  of  Molly 

Longlegs,  by  Uarwood,  4  yrs 4    dist. 

Time,  8.06— 7.55— 8.13— 8.39— 8.4T. 


THE    TWENTY-MILE    KACE.  237 

Several  interesting  reports  of  this  remarkable  race  have 
been  jDnblished,  but  tlie  most  accurate  and  graphic  one  that  has 
met  our  eje  was  penned  by  a  distinguished  member  of  the 
!New  York  bar — a  gentleman  whose  taste  and  judgment  in 
everj  thing  pertaining  to  horse-flesh,  is  only  equalled  by  the 
extent  and  variety  of  his  legal  acquirements.  It  appeared  as  a 
communication  in  the  "  Turf  Register,"  in  the  number  for  De- 
cember, 1832,  and  was  to  the  following  effect  ; — 

"  After  the  horses  were  brought  upon  the  ground,  much 
anxiety  was  exhibited  as  to  the  event  of  the  coming  contest ; 
and  the  interesting  little  Trifle  appeared  to  be  the  favorite 
among  the  betters,  as  well  as  the  spectators. — '  Five  to  four. 
Trifle  against  the  field,'  was  current  betting  ;  and  'five  to  three, 
Trifle  against  Black  Maria,'  were  repeatedly  off'ered  and  refused. 
Indeed,  this  ofispring  of  the  far-famed  Lady  Lightfoot  seemed 
to  have  but  few  friends  or  well-wishers,  comjjaratively  speaking ; 
and  bets  were  repeatedly  off'ered  that  she  would  not  take  a  heat. 
Prepossessions,  in  favor  of  the  Southern  mare,  appeared  to  exist 
among  a  decided  majority  of  the  spectators  ;  and,  as  she  was 
foaled  '  south  of  Mason  and  Dixon's  line,'  it  seemed  a  matter 
of  course  that  she  was  to  win.  Indeed,  if  unfailing  spirits, 
beauty  of  form,  and  a  peculiar  quietness  of  manner,  could  supply 
the  defect  of  size.  Trifle  would  not  be  considered  as  such  in  any 
thing  but  name.  She  is  race-horse  in  every  just  sense  of  the 
word,  but  a  race-horse  of  the  smallest  pattern — not  over  four- 
teen hands  and  a  half  high — of  just  proportions,  undoubted 
bottom,  and  considerable  jDower.  Her  color  a  bright  chestnut, 
with  a  blaze,  indicating  spirit  and  blood. 

"  Black  Maria,  in  size  and  general  appearance,  is  in  all  re- 
spects unlike  her  rival,  as  is  well  known  to  Southern,  as  well  as 
l!^orthern  sportsmen.  Her  color  is  indicated  by  her  name  ;  and 
her  great  size,  strength  and  stride,  show  her  a  worthy  daughter 
of  a  noble  sire.  Indeed,  in  her  the  blood  of  Eclipse  and  Lady 
Lightfoot  are  in  no  way  disgraced,  as  this  race  Avill  most  fully 
prove. 

"  Lady  Kelief  and  Slim  were  almost  unknown  to  fame  ;  but 
certain  individuals  present  were  aware  that  the  former  had, 
upon  a  previous  occasion,  won  the  last  half  of  sixteen  miles  ; 
and  they  looked  for  sport,  unexpected  by  others,  if  it  should 


238  THE   HORSE, 

happen  that  the  two  first  heats  were  not  taken  either  by  Trifle 
or  Maria.  The  latter,  it  was  known,  had  the/bo^  of  Relief;  as 
they  met  on  the  first  of  the  month  at  Ponghkeepsie,  and  con- 
tended together  for  the  three-mile  purse,  which  was  taken  by 
Maria  with  great  ease.  As  the  trumpet  sonnded  for  the  horses 
to  come  np  to  the  starting-post,  they  severally  appeared,  exhibit- 
ing their  various  tempers  by  their  individual  behavior.  Black 
Maria — who  had  the  inside  track — showed  neither  alarm  nor 
anxiety.  She  was  as  calm  and  unimpassioned  as  if  she  had 
been  a  mere  spectator ;  and  this  coldness  of  demeanor  won  no 
'  golden  opinions '  among  the  lookers-on.  Trifle  exhibited  high 
spirits,  brought  down  to  their  proper  level  by  judicious  break- 
ing and  training.  A  slight  tremor  ran  through  her  frame  ;  and 
an  impatient  lifting  of  the  fore  foot,  now  and  then,  showed  that 
she  was  alive  to  the  coming  struggle. 

"  Lady  Relief,  on  the  contrary,  was  all  fire  and  animation — 
ready  to  break  away  from  her  groom,  and  dash  through  all  ob- 
stacles for  the  sake  of  victory. 

"  Slim  exhibited  an  impatient  spirit,  and  seemed,  by  her 
anxiety,  to  show  herself  a  descendant  from  that  Childers  who 
always  ran  — at  least  on  our  course — without  '  whip  or  spur.' 

"  At  the  tap  of  the  drum  the  four  went  off  well  together, 
Relief  taking  the  lead  within  the  first  quarter,  closely  followed 
by  Sliri),  then  by  Trifle,  and  last,  but  not  least^  by  Black  Maria. 
The  first  mile  indicated  a  waiting  race^  as  all  the  riders  had 
their  horses  under  the  hardest  pull ;  each  seeming  desirous  that 
his  antagonists  should  take  the  lead.  Trifle,  impatient  at  such 
trifling^  began  to  make  play,  and  this  aroused  Black  Maria,  who 
was  trailing  along  quietly,  behind  the  whole.  With  a  few  huge 
strides,  she  brought  herself  up  to  the  front,  passed  the  whole 
before  she  came  to  the  judges'  stand,  followed  closely  by  the 
gallant  little  Trifle,  who  '  stuck  to '  her  like  an  accompanying 
phantom.  At  the  beginning  of  the  third  mile  the  leading  nags 
made  play,  and  during  the  whole  of  it  Maria  held  the  lead,  fol- 
lowed closely  by  Trifle ;  while  Relief  and  Slim  were — and, 
as  we  believe,  not  willingly — at  a  most  respectable  distance  in 
the  rear. 

"  After  passing  the  judges'  stand  and  entering  upon  the 
fourth  mile,  and  after  compassing  the  turn,  upon  the  southerly 


THE   FIRST   HEAT.  239 

side  of  the  course,  Trifle  '  made  a  dash '  at  Maria,  and  ran  her 
so  hard  down  the  descending  ground  upon  the  straiglit  side,  that 
her  sable  antagonist — perhaps  not  unwillingly — gave  up  the 
track,  which  was  taken  bj  the  Southern  lady,  and  kept,  with 
apparent  ease,  round  the  turn,  until  you  come  to  that  part  of 
the  course  which  looks  up  towards  the  judges'  stand.  Here,  at 
a  moment  when  all  opinions  had  given  Trifle  the  heat,  as  a 
'  safe  thing  that  could  not  be  missed,'  Maria  '  went  at  her,'  and, 
before  you  could  count  one,  she  shot  by  Trifle  like  an  arrow, 
and  won  the  heat  with  ease  ;  there  being  a  considerable  gap 
between  herself  and  Trifle,  and  a  much  greater  one  between 
the  latter  and  the  hindmost  horses. 

"  Here  then  was  disappointment  on  all  sides.  Black  Maria, 
that  was  not  '  to  take  a  heat,'  or  who,  at  all  events,  had  not/bo^ 
enough  to  brush  with  the  speedy  little  Trifle,  had  beat  the  field, 
in  the  last  quarter,  in  what  she  was  not  supposed  to  possess  ; 
namely,  speed.  Indeed,  we  think  that  the  rider  of  Trifle  com- 
mitted a  mistake  in  making  his  dash  at  Maria  at  the  beffinnine: 
of  tlie  fourth  mile.  As  he  had  commenced  a  trailing  race,  his 
obvious  policy  was  to  wait  until  he  came  to  the  last  turn  ;  then 
run  up  to  his  antagonist  upon  ground  where  he  had  a  decided 
advantage,  from  the  size  and  form  of  his  horse,  and  finally  make 
'  his  run '  upon  the  straight  side,  coming  in.  Had  he  followed 
this  course  in  the  first  heat — as  he  did  in  the  second — we  miofht 
possibly  have  had  a  different  tale  to  tell ;  for  his  little  nag  obeys 
the  spur  well,  and  is  a  hard  one  to  beat  upon  a  brush.  But,  by 
running  at  Maria  on  the  northerly  side  of  the  course,  he  dis- 
tressed his  mare,  enabled  his  antagonist  to  come  round  the  turn 
under  a  strong  pull,  and  make  a  run  at  him  at  the  very  moment 
when  he  was  least  prepared  for  it.  The  result  has  already  been 
shown.     Time,  first  heat,  8.06. 

"  It  may  be  here  remarked,  that  in  consequence  of  the  rains, 
which  had  prevailed  for  several  days  previous  to  the  race,  the 
course,  although  good,  was  unusually  heavy  ;  so  much  so,  as  to 
make  a  difi'erence  of  several  seconds,  probably,  in  the  time  of  a 
four-mile  heat.  The  top  of  the  ground  was  not  perfectly  firm, 
and,  consequently,  the  foothold  of  the  horses  was  yielding  and 
insecure.  On  a  hard  track,  the  time  of  each  heat  would  have 
been  considerably  reduced. 


240  THE   HOKSE. 

"  ISrotwithstanding  the  unexpected  success  of  Maria,  she 
seemed  still  to  have  but  few  real  admirers  ;  although  her  owner 
and  his  friends  stood  manfully  by  her,  and  kept  their  spirits  up 
to  the  betting  point.  Trifle  was  still  the  favorite,  and  it  M^as  a 
settled  thing,  'at  all  events,' that  Maria  was  not  to  'win  the 
money.'  Lady  Eelief,  at  this  moment,  had  not  attracted  much 
attention,  except  from  one  circumstance.  Her  saddle — which 
was  a  very  small  one — slipped  from  under  her  rider,  who,  never- 
theless— as  his  girths  had  not  parted — stoutly  kept  his  seat  upon 
lier  Ijare  hack — his  feet  in  the  stirrups,  with  the  saddle  before 
him  !  It  was  observed,  however,  that  she  ran  with  great  spirit ; 
and  what  she  might  do,  the  wise  ones  could  not  tell. 

"  At  the  start  for  the  second  heat  Black  Maria  appeared 
calm — as  is  usual  with  her — while  Tritie  and  Lady  Eelief  were 
all  animation.  They  went  off  as  if  this  heat  was  to  be  won  by 
running,  instead  of  waiting,  as  in  the  first  heat ;  Eelief  taking 
the  lead,  followed  by  Slim,  then  by  Tritie,  while  Black  Maria 
brought  up  the  rear.  Ere  they  had  accomplished  one  mile, 
however.  Trifle  had  passed  Eelief  and  Slim,  while  Black  Maria, 
taking  advantage  of  the  rising  ground,  as  you  come  up  to  the 
judges'  stand,  thundered  by  them  all,  with  her  long  strides,  and 
took  up  her  station  in  front,  closely  followed  by  Trifle,  whilst 
the  others  again  dropped  behind.  Lideed,  the  pace  at  which 
they  were  running  seemed  so  unreasonable  to  Miss  Slim,  that 
she  concluded  that  she  would  not  keep  such  company  any 
longer ;  and,  as  she  could  not  run  away  from  them  by  pursuing , 
her  course  upon  the  track,  she  very  wisely  abandoned  it  alto- 
gether, at  the  end  of  the  third — seventh — mile,  and  quietly 
walked  off  the  course.  Maria,  in  the  mean  time,  led  Trifle,  with 
apparent  ease,  round  the  second,  third,  and  fourth  miles,  until 
yon  come  to  the  '  run  in.'  And  here  her  rider,  instead  of  giv- 
ing her  the  '  persuaders,'  to  make  '  assurance  doubly  sure,' 
turned  his  head  round  to  look  for  his  antagonist ;  and  he  was 
not  long  in  finding  her ;  for  Trifle,  close  at  his  heels,  went  at 
him  up  the  straight  side,  whip  and  spur,  gradually  gaining  at 
every  step.  Maria's  rider  begins  to  '  look  wild.'  She  is  at  her 
throat-latch,  and  the  judges'  stand  not  six  feet  off.  She  makes 
a  desperate  efibrt,  and  head  and  head  they  pass  the  stand — a 
dead  heat !    Time,  7.55. 


THE   THIKD    HEAT.  241 

"  Here,  agcain,  all  were  at  fault.  One  party  were  crying  out 
to  the  rider  of  Maria,  '  Why  did  you  not  stir  yourself !  One 
blow  of  the  whip,  before  you  came  to  the  distance  jDost,  would 
have  won  the  race.'  '  I  had  no  whip,  sir  ;  Maria  won't  bear  it. 
It  discourages  her.  She  must  run  under  a  pull,  with  the  spur 
as  an  admonisher.'  Again  a  thousand  rumors  were  afloat. 
Trifle  was  as  gay  as  a  bird — in  no  way  distressed.  She  had 
^j?osed  the  '  big  'un,'  who  looked,  as  imagination  said,  '  both  sick 
and  sorry.'  It  was  a  'safe  thing,'  and  'Black  Maria  can't 
win — she's  done  up' — M^ent  round  like  wild  fire,  from  mouth  to 
mouth. 

"  In  the  mean  lime.  Lady  Eelief  was  little  thought  of;  but 
a  Jerseyman  was  heard  to  say,  '  We'll  show  'em  some  of  the 
Eclipse ^Z-MC^  yet,  before  we've  done.'  At  the  sounding  of  the 
Trumpet  for  the  third  heat,  Trifle  and  Eelief  came  up  in  great 
spirits,  while  Black  Maria  seemed  in  no  way  ambitious  of  an- 
other trial.  But  she's  always  cool ;  and,  as  her  mode  of  start- 
ing is  reluctant  and  slow,  nothing  can  be  safely  argued  from  her 
spirits. 

"  At  the  tap  of  the  drum.  Trifle  and  Relief  went  ofi"  from 
the  score,  leaving  Maria  some  distance  behind.  In  the  course 
of  the  first  mile,  however,  she  lessened  the  gap  between  herself 
and  the  leading  horses,  and  got  well  up  to  them.  But  it  would 
not  do  ;  she  could  not  pass. — '  "What  horse  is  that  leading  there  ? 
Surely  it  can't  be  Lady  Relief!  It  is,  upon  my  soul !  The  Jer- 
sey mare's  aliead  I '  And,  sure  enough,  so  she  was.  The  nag 
that  had  attracted  so  little  notice,  as  neither  to  be  heard  nor 
cared  for,  had  taken  the  lead  upon  the  fourth  mile  ;  and  away 
she  ran,  keeping  the  track  in  spite  of  them  all,  until  you  come 
within  the  distance  pole,  on  the  last  quarter's  stretch.  And 
while  she  was  leading,  well  ahead,  from  some  unaccountable 
circumstance  the  boy  pulled  her  up  at  once,  and  Trifle  shot  by 
and  won  the  heat.     Time,  8.13. 

"  Black  Maria  was  '  well  up  '  during  the  whole  race,  but  she 
now  fell  into  complete  disfavor  ;  and  '  she's  done  up  ' — '  an  even 
bet  she  don't  come  again ' — went  round  the  field  with  great  con- 
fidence. It  is  the  writer's  opinion,  that  Relief  could  have  taken 
the  heat  if  she  had  been  urged  up  to  the  judges'  stand,  and  that 
she  ought  to  have  won  it.  As  it  was,  Trifle,  who  well  deserved 
Vol.  I.— 16 


242  THE   HOESE, 

lier  lienors  and  the  admiration  of  her  friends,  had  been  vic- 
torious. She  had  run  twelve  miles,  winning  the  twelfth  ;  and 
the  little  game  creature  appeared  as  fresh  as  ever.  It  was  iiow 
settled  that  she  was  to  win  the  money  ;  although  it  might  be 
that  Relief,  who  was  fast  rising  in  favor,  might  make  her  '  run 
for  it.'  Indeed,  the  latter  did  not  seem  in  full  vigor  until  she 
had  run  two  heats  ;  and  now  her  nostrils  opened,  and  she  pawed 
the  ground,  as  if  just  brought  upon  the  course. 

"  They  are  saddled  for  the  fourth  heat ;  and  here  is  to  be  a 
struggle  until  sixteen  miles  from  the  beginning  are  accom- 
plished. Black  Maria  is  in  no  way  distressed,  Relief  full  of 
spirit,  but  '  Trifle's  to  win  the  money.'  Off  they  go  ;  Relief 
takes  the  lead,  followed  by  Trifle,  and  then  the  black.  Miles 
are  passed  over,  and  yet  Relief  is  ahead. — '  How  is  this  ?  can't 
Trifle  pass  ?  Is  the  Jersey  mare  ahead  ? ' — She  is,  indeed  ;  and 
ahead  like  to  be.  A  better,  truer,  tougher,  and  more  spirited 
piece  of  stuff  never  came  from  the  loins  of  old  Eclipse.  She 
takes  the  track  from  the  score.  Trifle  goes  at  her,  but  '  can't  do 
it.' — ^Three  miles  and  a  half  are  accomplished,  and  Black  Maria 
has  passed  Trifle,  and  is  close  at  the  heels  of  Jersey.  ISTow  they 
come  up  the  straight  side.  The  black  is  at  her,  and  Relief 
takes  the  whip  like  a  glutton.  Maria  comes  up  and  laps  her — 
she's  at  her  shoulder  ;  but  they  pass  the  stand,  and  Relief  takes 
the  heat  by  a  neck.     Time,  8.39. 

"  '  Huzza  for  Jersey  !  '  rings  over  the  course  ;  and  a  look  of 
pity  is  cast  upon  the  gallant  little  Trifle,  who  had  done  her 
utmost — '  Black  Maria  won't  come  again,'  says  a  wise  one,  with 
a  knowing  look  '  I  don't  know  that,'  says  a  Yorker.  '  If  she 
had  run  twenty  straight  yards  farther,  she  would  have  taken 
the  heat.'  '  She  is  distressed,'  is  the  reply.  '  Distressed  !  tnay 
he  she  is.  I  saw  her  lay  her  ears  back,  and  lash  out  with  her 
hind  feet,  after  the  boy  dismounted  from  the  sixteen  miles,  as 
if  her  sinews  were  of  whipcord.' 

"  Here  was  an  interesting  point,  j^y^  heats,  in  all,  were  to  be 
run,  and  twenty  miles  to  be  passed  over.  '  The  like  was  never 
seen  on  this  course  before,'  says  a  Long  Islander.  '  Bottom's 
the  word — how  go  the  bets?'  'At  a  stand  still.  Trifle's  dis- 
tressed ;  but  Lady  Relief  has  more  life  in  her  than  any  thing 
that  ever  ran  sixteen  miles  before.' 


THE   FIFIW.  HEAT  243 

"  Up  they  come  for  a  fifth  heat ;  Kelief  all  fire,  Trifle  ve?^ 
sorrj,  and  Black  Maria  now  begins  to  paw  the  ground  !  This 
she  had  not  done  before.  Off  they  go  ;  Relief  ahead,  Trifle 
after  her,  and  Black  Maria  allowing  no  gap.  She  sticks  to  them 
like  a  spirit ;  and  in  the  nineteenth  mile  the  gallant  little  Trifle 
is  reluctantly  compelled  to  give  it  up.  The  Eclipse  mares  are 
obstinately  determined  to  'play  out  the  play,'  and  the  little 
chestnut  is  taken  off  the  track,  completely  '  done  up.'  I^ow 
comes  a  struggle,  for  the  honors  of  a  twentieth  mile,  between 
two  half  sisters — whalebone  both — and  '  never  give  it  up '  's  the 
word.  Black  Maria  pushes  up  the  straight  side,  as  you  enter 
upon  the  fourth — twentieth — mile,  with  a  stride  that  counts  ter- 
ribly upon  the  steps  of  the  Lady,  who  has  relief  now  in  nothing 
but  name.  The  black  is  so  close  upon  her,  that  she  almost 
touches  her  heels.  She  pushes  round  the  turn,  and  goes  at  her 
on  the  straight  side,  like  a  quarter  horse.  They  brush  down 
the  straight  side  with  invincible  courage ;  but  that  long  untiring 
stride  is  too  much  for  Kelief.  Maria  gives  her  the  go  by,  takes 
the  track — keeps  it  in  spite  of  all  exertions — leads  round  the 
turn,  and  thunders  up  toward  the  judges'  stand,  hard  in  hand, 
untouched  by  whij)  or  spur — passes  the  goal  for  the  twentieth 
time,  and  wins  the  race.     Time,  8.47. 

"  Neither  of  the  Eclipse  mares  appeared  much  distressed, 
and  they  ran  the  last  mile  with  the  greatest  spirit  and  stoutness. 
Relief  is  a  nag  of  the  most  extraordinary  bottom.  She  seems 
to  become  fresher  after  twelve  miles,  and  then  runs  off  as  gay 
as  a  lark.  As  for  Black  Maria,  she  is  literally  '  too  fast  for  the 
speedy,  and  too  strong  for  the  stout.'  She  ran  the  twentieth 
mile  with  a  freshness  and  vigor  that  surprised  every  body,  and 
the  spectatoi-s  at  last  actually  conceded  that  she  is  '  game  ! ' 
That  she  can  conquer  either  Relief  or  Trifle,  at  two  heats,  in  a 
match^  there  can  be  no  manner  of  doubt ;  and  that  she  is  a 
'hard  one  to  beat'  in  any  race,  even  by  afield,  all  sportsmen 
must  now  believe.  She  ran  at  her  antagonists  €V€7'y  heat,  and 
at  last  let  them  know  what  it  was  to  run  for  the  honors  of  a 
twentieth  mile  ! " 

Of  the  three  placed  first  in  this  memorable  race.  Black 
Maria  was  the  first  to  recover,  though  for  months  she  was  but 
the  shadow  of  herself.     She  came  out  in  the  following  May 


244  THK   HOKSE. 

against  a  strong  field,  and  won,  while  Trifle  was  crippled  and 
laid  np  until  tlie  September  season  of  the  ensuing  year.  Lady 
Relief,  as  game  a  filly  as  ever  started,  and  true  as  steel  to  the 
last,  died  within  a  few  weeks,  from  the  eifects  of  a  cold 
and  exhaustion.  Who  that  was  present  that  day,  and  marked 
the  meek  expressive  glance  cast  up  towards  the  judges  by  one 
of  these  doomed  ones — Black  Maria — when  brought  up  to 
struggle  through  a  fifth  heat,  will  ever  forget  it  ? 

1833.    Same  Course,  Tuesday,  May  28 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $400,  conditions  as  before.     Three 

mile  heats. 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  7  yrs.    .  .15    1 

John  M.  Botts'  b.  c.  Kolla,  by  Gohanna,  out  of  Dairy  Maid,  4  yrs 4    14 

John  C.  Craig's  b.  ni.  Virginia  Taylor,  by  Sir  Archy,  out  of  Coquette,  6  yrs.  .        .  .542 
Jos.  II.  Van  Mater's  b.  h.  Jackson,  by  John  Eichards,  out  of  Honesty,  6  yrs.      .        .         2    2    8 

Thos.  Pearsall's  gr.  f.  Alice  Gray,  by  Henry,  out  of  Sport's-mistress,  4  yrs.     .        .  .38  dlst. 

Time,  6.02—6.07—5.48. 

A  tip-top  race,  every  inch  being  well  contested  ;  Black 
Maria's  5.48  in  a  third  heat  of  three  miles  has  not  been  equalled 
before  or  since,  to  our  knowledge  ;  her  time  is  the  more  remark- 
able, when  the  fact  is  considered  that  it  was  the  old  mare's  first 
appearance  after  her  race  of  twenty  miles  the  previous  October. 
Alice  Gray,  a  filly  of  very  fine  speed,  though  unfortunate  in 
this  race,  subsequently  placed  herself  near  the  head  of  the 
!N^orthern  Tui-f.  She  is  now  a  magnificent  brood  mare,  in  the 
possession  of  Walter  Livingston,  Esq.,  who  has  bred  several 
very  blood-like  looking  colts  from  her  that  promise  to  "follow 
in  the  footsteps  "  of  their  dam,  when  brought  to  the  post.  Eolla 
has  since  been  sold  by  Mr.  Botts,  if  we  mistake  not,  and  has 
been  standing  in  Virginia  for  two  or  three  years. 

1833.    Dutchess  County  Course,  Poughkeepsie,  N.  T.,  Friday,  June  7— Jockey  Club  Purse,  $300, 

conditions  as  before.    Three-mile  heats. 
John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  7  yrs.        .        ,        .11 
Alfred  Sherman's  ch.  h.  De  Witt  Clinton,  by  Eattler,  out  of  Matilda,  5  yrs.        ...        22 

E.  Jackson's  b.  h.  Henry  Archy,  by  Henry,  dam  by  Eclipse,  5  yrs 3  dr 

Time,  5.42—0.04. 

The  time  of  the  first  heat  of  this  race  would  probably  have 
been  several  seconds  less,  had  the  field  been  able  to  drive 
Maria  ;  as  it  stands,  it  is  one  of  the  very  best  in  the  annals  of 
the  American  Turf.  After  her  race  in  May  on  the  Island, 
Maria  was  ordered  by  Mr.  Stevens  to  be  thrown  out  of  training, 
but  Bill  Patrick  had  her  out  after  dark  or  before  daylight,  every 
time  opportunity  afforded  without  danger  of  detection,  and 


TKAINING   ON   THE    ELY.  245 

galloped  her  on  the  sandy  road  leading  across  the  mouth  of 
Spring  Creek,  never  venturing  to  bi'ing  her  out  on  the  private 
training  track.  During  one  of  these  nocturnal  gallop ings,  some 
wag  in  the  secret,  frightened  Bill  half  to  death,  one  evening, 
with  the  information  that  Mr.  Stevens  was  coming  down  the  road^ 
so  what  does  he  do  but  whip  down  to  the  mill,  and  getting  a 
grist,  actually  carried  it  home  on  the  mare's  back !  This  oc- 
curred within  less  than  a  fortnight  of  the  day  of  her  race.  To 
prevent  a  walk-over  at  Ponghkeepsie,  Mr.  Stevens  finally  al- 
lowed his  trainer  to  put  her  in  condition  ;  she  had  only  a  week's 
galloping  exercise,  however,  and  was  then  brought  to  the  post, 
without  having  had  any  quick  or  long  work,  much  less  a  trial. 
She  ran  under  so  strong  a  pull  throughout  the  heat,  that  those 
who  saw  the  race,  including  her  owner  and  trainer,  are  firmly 
of  the  opinion  that  on  that  day  she  could  have  made  a  better 
race  at  four-mile  heats,  than  she  has  ever  done  before  or  since. 
The  time  of  the  third  mile  in  the  second  heat  was  1.50.  Three 
miles  at  that  rate  would  have  surpassed  any  performance  we 
know  of ;  and  we  can  scarce  doubt  from  this  and  various  other 
proofs  of  Black  Maria's  powers  of  endurance,  that  she  might, 
on  this  occasion,  have  kept  up  the  rate  of  her  first  heat  — 1.54 — 
one  other  mile,  making  the  four  in  T.36. 

Henry  Archy,  her  competitor  in  this  race,  has  been  "  making 
himself  generally  useful"  for  the  last  few  years,  in  Dlinois, 
standing  for  mares  in  the  spring,  and  running  in  the  fall ;  he 
never  had  a  great  turn  of  speed,  or  he  would  have  been  distin- 
guished, for  a  horse  of  more  undoubted  stamina  and  thorough 
game  was  never  brought  to  the  post. 

1833.    Union  Course,  L.  I.,  Friday,  Oct.  5 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $500,  conditions  as  before.    Four- 
mile  heats. 

Thos.  Pearsall's  gr.  f.  Alice  Gray,  by  Henry,  out  of  Sport's-mistress,  4  yrs 11 

Jolm  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Ligbtfoot,  7  yrs.    ...         22 

Jos.  H.  Van  Mater's  b.  h.  Jackson,  by  Jobn  Eichards,  out  of  Honesty,  6  yrs dist. 

Time,  7.56—7.50. 

In  this  fine  race  the  "  gray  mare  proved  herself  the  better 
horse,"  though  Black  Maria  beat  her  before,  and  twice  after- 
wards. It  was  "  turn  about  and  turn  about "  with  the  two,  for 
in  four  races  they  were  quits,  each  having  twice  proved  the 
winner.     Mr.  Van  Mater,  some  time  after  this  race,  sold  Jack- 


246  THE    HOKSE. 

son — who  was  amiss  on  this  occasion — to  go  South,  and  farther, 
of  him,  dejDonent  saith  not. 

183-3.    Same  course,  Friday,  Oct.  31 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $S00,  conditions  as  before.  Four-mile  beats. 

Col.  Wm.  E.  Johnson's  ch.  m.  Trifle,  by  Sir  Charles,  dam  by  Cicero,  5  yrs 11 

Walter  Livingston's  gr.  f.  Alice  Gray,  by  Henry,  out  of  Sporfs-mistress,  4  yrs.  ...  22 
John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  7  yrs.        .        .        .    dist. 

Bela  Badger's  b.  c.  Priam,  by  John  Eichards,  4  yrs dist. 

Time,  7.49— T.56. 

The  reputation  of  the  three  mares  entered  in  this  race,  ex- 
cited a  great  sensation  in  sporting  circles,  and  immense  sums 
were  laid  out  about  them.  Kelying  upon  the  tried  game  of 
Black  Maria,  Mr.  Stevens  ordered  Gil.  Crane,  his  jockey,  not  to 
make  a  stroke  for  the  first  heat,  but  to  drop  just  within  tlie  dis- 
tance. Trifle  and  Alice  made  play  from  the  score,  and  main- 
tained it  to  the  end  ;  in  coming  up  the  straight  side  home  on 
the  last  quarter.  Crane  carelessly  pulled  Maria  back  so  far,  that 
she  was  shut  out  by  the  distance  flag  eighteen  inches.  He  was 
taken  off  the  mare,  and  discharged  on  the  spot.  In  the  great 
Twenty-Mile  race,  the  dead  heat  made  by  Trifle  was  thought 
to  be  entirely  owing  to  his  heedlessness. 

1834.    Same  course,  Friday,  May  9— Jockey  Club  Purse,  $1000,    conditions  as  before.    Fonr- 
mile  heats. 

Capt.  E.  F.  Stockton's  bl.  c.  Shark,  own  brother  to  Black  Maria,  4  yrs Oil 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  S  yrs.  .  .  3  2  2 
Maj.  James  M.  Sclden's  b.  c.  Charles  Kemble,  by  Sir  Archy,  dam  by  Gallatin,  4  yrs.  .14  4 
Walter  Livingston's  gr.  m.  Alice  Gray,  by  Henry,  out  of  Sport's-mistress,  5  yrs.  .  .  2  3  3 
Samuel  Laird's  b.  h.  Henry  Archy,  by  Henry,  dam  by  Eclipse,  6  yrs.  .        .        .        .455 

John  M.  Botts' b.  h.  EoUa,  by  Gohanna,  out  of  Dairymaid,  5  yrs 5    * 

Time,  7.54— 7.5T— 8.03.    *  Broke  down. 

A  stoutly  contested  and  spirited  race.  The  winner  was  sold 
soon  after,  for  the  largest  sum  ever  then  paid  in  this  country  for 
a  race-horse,  being  $17,500.  Some  odd  dozen  of  the  celebrated 
"  Bingham  "  wine  was  also  talked  of,  but  Mr.  Craig  would  not 
sell.  Failing  to  get  hold  of  a  few  dozen  in  this  way,  Capt. 
Stockton,  at  the  Club  Dinner,  shortly  after,  offered  to  run  his 
colt  Monmouth  against  Mr.  Craig's  Fanny  Cline,  a  match  of 
two  miles,  laying  $1,200  vs.  12  dozen  of  the  Bingham.  This, 
too,  was  a  failure,  and  in  a  double  sense,  for  though  Fanny  won 
the  match  and  the  $1,200,  Mr.  Craig,  upon  examination,  found 
that  his  vault  had  been  entered,  and  that  a  great  part  of  his 
stock  of  favorite  wine  was  missing !  Shark  was  withdrawn 
from  the  turf  after  the  Fall  season  of  1835,  and  made  his  first 


MARIA    AND   AXICE   GRAY.  24:T 

two  seasons  as  a  stallion  at  Taylor's  Ferry,  Ya.,  at  $75  ;  in  1838 
he  stood  at  Charlotte  Court  House,  in  the  same  State,  but  is  now- 
located  on  Long  Island,  in  view  of  the  scene  of  the  never-fading 
victories  won  by  himself  and  the  glorious  race  from  which  he 
sprung.  He  is  still  the  property  of  the  heirs  of  the  late  la- 
mented John  C.  Craig,  Esq.,  of  Philadelphia. 

Charles  Kemble,  the  winner  of  the  first  heat  in  this  race, 
after  running  at  all  distances,  and  beating  some  of  the  best 
horses  of  his  day,  is  now  enjoying  his  otium  cum  dignitale  j  he 
stands  the  present  season  at  Chester-town,  Md. 

1834    Same  course,  Thursday,  June  5 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $400,  conditions  as  before.  Three- 
mile  heats. 

John  C.  Stevens' bl.  ra.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  8  yrs.       .       .  .11 

Samuel  Laird"s  b.  h.  Henry  Archy,  by  Honry,  dam  by  Eclipse,  5  yrs 8    2 

Col.  Wm.  E.  Johnson's  b.  f.  Fanny  Cline,  by  Sir  Archy,  dam  by  Gallatin,  4  yi's.    .       .  .28 

Time,  6.03-6.11. 

Owing  to  previous  wet  weather  the  track  was  very  heavy. 
Black  Maria  was  the  favorite  at  odds,  and  won  handily. 

1834.    Same  course,  Wednesday,  Oct.  8 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $1000,  conditions  as  before.   Fonr- 

mile  heats. 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  8  yrs.        .        .211 

Walter  Livingston's  gr.  m.  Alice  Gray,  by  Henry,  out  of  Sport's-mistress,  5  yrs.   .        .         12    2 

Capt.  E.  F.  Stockton's  b.  c.  Monmouth,  by  John  Eichards,  out  of  Nettletop,  4  yrs.  .       .    3    dist. 

Time,  T.52— 7.55— 8.03. 

Alice  was  the  favorite,  and  at  very  long  odds,  after  the  first 
heat.  Black  Maria  running  unkindly  ;  she  let  out  a  kink,  how- 
ever, in  the  second  and  third,  and  won  both  cleverly.  Mon- 
mouth, the  following  season,  won  two  races  at  three-mile  heats ; 
in  1836,  with  121  lbs.  on  his  back,  he  won  a  race  at  two-mile 
heats  in  3.45 — 3.49,  and  another  in  3.56 — 3.48.  He  soon  after 
passed  into  the  hands  of  Capt.  Y.  N.  Oliver,  of  the  Eclipse 
Course,  New  Orleans,  and  was  so  knocked  up  by  his  long  jour- 
ney South,  as  never  to  have  shown  to  advantage,  though  a  horse 
of  very  fine  speed.  He  is  now  standing  at  Basin  Spring,  Breck- 
enridge  County,  Ya. 

1834.    Same  course,  Friday,  Oct  31— Jockey  Club  Purse,  $1000,  conditions  as  before.    Four-mile 

heats. 
Walter  Livingston's  gr.  m.  Alice  Gray,  by  Henry,  out  of  Sport's-mistress,  5  yrs.    .        .        .11 
John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  8  yrs.    ...       2    2 
Time,  7.59—8.12. 

It  was  the  gray  mare's  "  turn  "  to  win  this  time,  which  she 


248  THE   HOESE. 

did  with  ease  ;  three  weeks  before  Maria  beat  her  as  handily  in 
much  better  time. 

1834.  Eagle  Course,  Trenton,  N.  J.,  Thursday,  Nov.  IS— Purse,  $300,  free  for  all  ages ;  weights  the 
same  as  on  the  Union  Course.    Three-mile  heats. 

Maj.  Jas.  M.  Selden's  h.  c.  Charles  Kemble,  by  Sir  Archy,  out  of  Pilot's  dam  by  Gallatin, 

4  yrs 11 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  8  yrs.    ...         22 

Time,  5.50i— 5.51J. 

Kemble  won  liandily  ;  he  was  considered  the  best  three-mile 
liorse  in  "Virginia  of  his  day.  It  should  be  remembered  that 
Black  Maria  beat  him  a  long  way  oif,  running  four-xmXo,  heats 
in  the  spring  of  this  year. 

1835.  Union  Course,  L.  I.,  Friday,  May  8 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $1000,  conditions  as  before.   Four- 
mile  heats. 

Samuel  Laird's  b.  h.  Henry  Archy,  by  Henry,  dam  by  Eclipse,  6  yrs 8    11 

John  C.  Stevens'  bl.  m.  Black  Maria,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Lady  Lightfoot,  9  yrs.  .  .  2  3  2 
Capt.  E.  E.  Stockton's  b.  h.  Monmouth,  by  John  Richards,  out  of  Nettletop,  5  yrs.  .  .12  3 
Joseph  Alston's  b.  h.  Daniel  O'Connell,  by  John  Eichards,  dam  by  Eclipse,  5  yrs.  .        4    dist 

Wm.  Gibbon's  b.  h.  Milo,  by  Mons.  Tonson,  out  of  Meg  Dods,  5  yrs dist. 

Time,  7.55—8.00—8.15. 

After  distancing  Monmouth  and  beating  Henry  Archy  three 
times  in  their  j^rime,  they  took  advantage  of  her  want  of  con- 
dition, and  paid  off  a  portion  of  their  old  scores.  O'Connell 
soon  after  passed  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  P.  C.  Bush  of  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  who  ran  him  successfully  in  the  West  at  all  distances. 
Milo,  who  was  a  much  better  horse  than  his  performance  on  this 
occasion  "made  him  out,"  suddenly  died  in  the  fall  of  1837,  on 
his  way  to  the  Long  Island  races. 

This  was  the  last  performance  in  public  of  Black  Maria,  who 
was  now  withdrawn  from  the  turf  and  sent  to  Gohanna  then 
standing  on  Long  Island. 

RECAPITULATION. 

1.  1823.  Oct.     3— Union  Course,  L.  I Match 2  mile  heats won $5000 

2.  .  Oct.     8— Union  Course,  L.  I Purse 3  mile  heats won 400 

8.  1830.  May  10 — Union  Course,  L.  I Sweepstakes.  4  mile  heats lost 

4.  .  May  19— Dutchess  County  Course,  N.Y.  Purse 3  mile  heats lost 

5.  .  Get.     7 — Dutchess  County  Course,  N.T.  Purse 4  mile  heats won....       500 

6.  .  Oct.   27 — Dutchess  County  Course,  N.Y.  Purse 4  mile  heats. .. .  won....       500 

7.1831.  May  12— Union  Course,  L.  I Purse 4  mile  heats lost 

8.  .  May  26 — Dutchess  County  Course,  N.T.  Purse 4  mile  heats won....       500 

9.  .  Oct.     6 — Dutchess  County  Course,  N.T.  Purse 4  mile  heats lost 

10.  .  Oct.  26 — Central  Course,  Md Poststake....  4  mile  heats won....     4500 

11.  .  Oct.   29 — Central  Course,  Md Purse 4  mile  heats. ...  lost 

12.  1832.  May  17 — Dutchess  County  Course,  N.T.  Purse 4  mile  heats won  ...       500 

13.  .  May  23— Union  Course,  L.  I Purse 4  mile  heats lost 

14.  .  Oct.     4 — Dutchess  County  Course,  N.T.  Purse 3  mile  heats won 300 


.   won . . . 

.     $600 

.  won. . . 

.       400 

.  won . . . 

.       800 

.  lost... 

.  lost.... 

.  lost... 

.  won . . . 

.      400 

.   won... 

.     1000 

.  lost... 

.  lost... 

.  lost-... 

RECAPITULATION.  249 

15.  .  Oct  13— Union  Course,  L.  I Purse 4  mile  heats . . . 

16.  1S33.  May  23— Union  Course,  L.  I Purse 3  mile  heats. .. 

17.  .  June  T — Dutchess  County  Course,  iST.  Y.  Purse 3  mile  heats . . . 

IS.  .  Oct     5— Union  Course.  L.  I Turso 4  mile  he:its . . . 

19.  .  Oct.  31 — Union  Course,  L.  I Purse 4  mile  heuts. . . 

20.  1S34.  May    9 — Union  Course,  L.  I Purse 4  mile  heats . . . 

21.  .June  5 — Union  Course,  L.  I Purse 3  mile  heats. .. 

23.  .  Oct.     5 — Union  Course,  L.  I Purse 4  mile  heuts-  -  - 

23.  .  Oct  31 — Union  Course,  L.  I Purse 4  mile  heats-  -  - 

24.  .  Not.  13 — Eagle  Course,  N.  J Purse 3  mile  heats.  - . 

25.  1835.  May    8 — Union  Course,  L.  I.. . .     Purse 4  mile  heats-  - . 

Starting  twenty-five  times,  and  winning  in  thirteen  races, — eleven  of  them  Jockey  Club 

Paces,  at  three  and  four-mile  heats, — the  handsome  sum  of $14,900 

Seventeen  four-mile  races,  and  forty-two  heats  of  four  miles — making  16S  miles. 

The  above  recapitulation  of  her  performances  fully  justifies, 
we  think,  the  high  opinion  we  have  expressed  in  the  course  of 
our  article,  of  Black  Maria's  surpassing  speed,  and  wonderful 
powers  of  endurance.  In  summing  up  the  large  amount  she 
won,  and  comparing  it  with  the  winnings  of  hrst-raters  of  a 
more  recent  date,  it  should  be  recollected,  that  while  she  was  on 
the  Turf,  the  Club  Purses  were  but  of  about  half  the  value  of 
those  given  at  the  present  day.  Trifle,  a  nonpareil,  and  the 
most  successful  racer  of  her  day,  won  but  $14,380  ;  Post  Boy,  a 
"  crack  "  of  later  date,  for  a  time  at  the  head  of  the  Northern 
Turf,  and  a  very  capital  performer,  won  only  $12,Y00,  while 
Mingo,  the  phenomenon,  who  ran  well  at  all  distances,  and  won 
for  himself  the  proud  title  of  the  "  Champion  of  the  ISTorth," 
won  but  $15,250  ;  Mingo's  winnings,  however,  were  mostly  in 
purses.  By  setting  down  the  purses  won  by  Black  Maria  at  the 
respective  sums  now  offered  for  three  and  four-mile  heats,  she 
would  have  left  the  Turf  a  \vinner  of  Eighteen  Thousand  Five 
Hundred  Dollars  ! 

Black  Maria,  like  Post  Boy,  was  "  hammered  to  death ''  in 
training,  and  came  to  the  j)ost  quite  as  often  amiss  as  in  condi- 
tion. When  "fit,"  she  was  too  fleet  for  the  fast,  and  too  stoufc 
for  the  strong ;  another  reason  for  her  frequent  defeats,  was  owing 
to  the  management  of  her  high-spirited  owner,  of  whom  it  is  no- 
torious that  he  never  pays  forfeit — never  allows  a  walk  over, 
if  a  horse  in  his  stable  can  stand  on  three  legs,  and  is  the 
man  always  called  upon  to  make  up  a  field  or  a  stake,  and 
always  certain  to  do  it  without  consulting  his  interest  or  his 
trainer.  In  the  hands  of  a  gentleman  less  regardless  of  the 
gratification  of  the  public,  and  more  alive  to  his  own  interests, 


250  THE   nORSE. 

it  is  very  doubtful  wlietlier  Black  Maria  would  not  liave  run  on 
to  the  age  of  her  grand-dam,  and  with  equal  credit. 

In  1836  she  produced  a  bay  colt  by  Gohanna,  which  Mr. 
Stevens  appropriately  named  Terrific,  from  its  immense  size. 
It  is  a  colt  of  great  promise,  combining  the  best  racing  j)oints 
of  both  sire  and  dam — at  six;  weeks  old  Mr.  Stevens  refused 
$1,500  for  it.  It  makes  one  of  the  "string"  Mr.  Stevens  sent 
to  New  Orleans  last  January,  in  Van  Leer's  charge. 

On  the  6th  of  March  last,  Mr.  Stevens  shipped  Black  Maria 
to  New  Orleans,  per  the  "  Nashville,"  in  company  with  Cora, 
Clara  Howard,  African,  Bonny  Black,  and  Ethiopia.  The  lot 
arrived  there  on  the  29th  of  that  month,  and  when  landed  on 
the  levee,  the  fine  old  mare  excited  great  admiration  by  her 
blood-like  appearance.  None  were  sold  here  but  Black  Maria  ; 
the  three  last  named  were  subsequently  taken  to  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
where  Van  Leer  sold  them  for  $5,000,  to  Messrs.  Shacklett, 
Sloan  &  Overton ;  they  came  out  at  the  Fall  Meetings  at  St. 
Louis,  and  were  all  winners,  carrying  off  the  purses  for  three 
and  four- mile  heats.  Cora  and  Clara  Howard  were  sent  to 
Alabama,  the  first  to  be  stinted  to  imp.  Glencoe,  and  the  last  to 
imp.  Leviathan,  where  they  remain,  still  owned  by  Mr.  Stevens. 

Black  Maria,  while  at  New  Orleans,  was  purchased  by  the 
Hon.  Balie  Peyton,  in  company  with  his  friends,  Dr.  J.  G. 
Chalmers,  of  that  city,  and  J.  S.  Yeager,  Esq.,  of  Yicksburg, 
Miss.,  for  $4,000,  a  sum  much  below  her  value  ;  not  above  a 
year  previous,  an  offer  of  $5,500,  made  for  her,  through  us,  was 
refused.  Mr,  Peyton  sent  her  at  once  to  imp.  Luzborough,  and 
at  the  same  time  jDroposed  a  Produce  Stake  for  colts  and  fillies 
dropped  Spring  of  1839,  to  come  off  over  the  Nashville 
■ — Tenn. — Course,  during  the  Fall  Meeting  of  the  Jockey  Club 
in  1843,  with  a  subscrij)tion  of  $5,000  each,  $1,000  forfeit,  four- 
mile  heats.  Black  Maria's  produce  headed  the  list  of  nomi- 
nations, and  when  the  stake  closed  in  January  last,  there  were 
twenty -nine  subscribers,  making  the  stake  amount  to  the  enor- 
mous sum  of  One  Hundred  and  Forty-Five  Thousand  Dol- 
lars !  No  stake  at  all  comparable  with  this,  has  ever  been 
made  np  in  this  country  or  Europe,  so  far  as  the  amount  of 
money  is  concerned,  and  twenty-nine  better  mares  cannot  be 
Belected,  in  England  or  America. 


THE  PEDIGEEES, 

PERFORMANCES,    AND    CHARACTERISTICS 

OP 

WAGNER    AND    GEEY    EAGLE. 

At  no  time,  probably,  since  the  commencement  of  horse-racing 
in  America,  has  the  Turf  stood  higher,  or  been  more  ably  repre- 
sented, than  in  the  year  1839. 

In  that  year  Boston,  probably  the  best  race-horse  that  ever 
ran  on  an  American  track,  was  in  his  prime,  and  almost,  one 
might  say,  unbeaten ;  for  having  started  twenty-five  times,  and 
received  forfeit  twice,  he  had  suffered  but  two  defeats,  one,  in  his 
very  first  race,  having  bolted  while  running  on  the  lead  and 
looking  like  a  winner  ;  the  other,  in  a  race  of  two-mile  heats  at 
Petersburgh,  Virginia,  in  which  he  was  outfooted  by  Ports- 
mouth. 

In  that  year  ran  "Wagner,  Gano,  Treasurer,  Clarion,  Balie 
Peyton,  Portsmouth,  Decatur,  and  Grey  Eagle ;  and  the  mares 
Omega,  Andrewetta,  Sarah  Bladen,  and  others  scarcely  inferior 
in  renown. 

The  crack  mare  Fashion,  in  her  two-year-old  form,  had  not 
come  upon  the  scene  of  her  triumphs,  and  the  day  Avhen  the 
matchless  Boston  should  find  his  match  was  not  yet,  even  in 
anticipation. 

Not  one  of  the  animals  named  above,  but  was  a  real  race- 
horse, a  good  one  and  no  mistake,  though  difiering  in  excellence 
the  one  from  the  other. 

All  had  their  sanguine  friends  and  backers,  and  more  than 
one  was  believed  by  his  own  especial  partisans  to  be  invincible. 


252  THE   HOESE. 

Of  none  is  this  more  true  than  of  the  two  galhant  animals, 
whose  names  are  prefixed,  and  whose  grandest  exj^loit  I  am 
about  to  borrow  from  the  Turf  Eegister  of  1840,  for  which  it 
was  incomparably  reported  by  my  friend  Wm.  T.  Porter. 

Wao-ner  in  his  five-year-old  form,  was  already  a  tried  horse, 
of  proved  speed,  courage,  and  bottom,  a  distinguished  winner, 
and  even,  in  the  high-flown  aspirations  of  his  owner,  capable 
to  compete  with  Boston.  He  was,  at  least  the  equal  of  any 
other  horse  in  America  of  his  day ;  and  not  long  afterward,  a 
distinguished  writer  was  found  in  the  columns  of  the  Spirit  of 
the  Times  to  maintain  that,  up  to  this  period,  the  great  son  of 
Timoleon  had  displayed  no  manifest  superiority  over  him. 

He  had  been  in  training  continually  since  his  third  year ;  in 
1838,  he  had  won  three  races  of  four-mile  heats,  and  tw^o  of 
two-mile  heats,  beating  Extio  at  New  Orleans  in  7.44-7.57 — 
considered  in  those  days  all  but  the  very  best  time. 

He  was  a  beautiful  chestnut  horse  of  fifteen  and  a  half  hands, 
with  a  white  blaze  on  his  face,  and  two  white  hind  feet.  He 
was  got  by  Sir  Charles — he  by  Sir  Archy,  dam  by  imp.  Citizen, 
gd.by  Commutation,  g.  gd.  by  imp.  Daredevil,  g.  g.  gd.  by  imp. 
Shark,  g.  g.  g.  gd.  by  imp.  Fearnought — out  of  Maria  "West  by 
Marion,  her  dam  Ella  Crump,  by  imp.  Citizen,  gd.  by  Hunts- 
man, g.  gd.  by  Wildair,  g.  g.  gd.  by  Fearnought,  g.  g.  g.  gd. 
by  Janus,  &c. 

Marion  was  by  Sir  Archy,  dam  by  Citizen,  gd.  by  Alder- 
man, g.  gd.  by  Eoebuck  out  of  a  Herod  mare. 

Grey  Eagle  was  in  his  fourth  year,  a  magnificent  horse  nearly 
sixteen  hands  in  height,  said  to  be  of  almost  perfect  symmetry, 
although  scarcely  equal  in  his  quarters  to  his  forehand,  which 
is  described  as  sumptuous.  His  color,  as  his  name  indicates, 
was  a  fine  silvery  gray. 

In  his  three-year-old  form  he  had  won  two  races  of  two-mile 
heats,  in  3.41 — 3.43 — 3.48 — and  3.44  respectively,  and  was 
honestly  believed  by  his  owner,  and  by  Kentuckian  sportsmen 
in  general,  to  be  equal  to  any  thing  in  America,  both  for  speed 
and  bottom;  although,  in  truth,  this  opinion  must  be  regarded 
rather  as  surmise  than  as  judgment,  since  his  powers  had  not 
yet  been  sufficiently  tested  to  justify  such  boundless  confidence. 


PEDIGREE    OF    GKEY    EAGLE.  253 

It  is  but  fair  to  add,  that  liis  running,  in  the  wonderful  races 
which  are  to  be  described,  was  such  as  to  prove  that  tliis  confi- 
dence was  not  misplaced — was  such,  indeed,  as  to  render  it 
probable  that,  had  he  been  ridden  by  a  jockey  competent  to 
make  the  most  of  his  powers,  he  might  have  been  the  winner  in 
the  first  match — in  which  case  he  probably  would  not  have  been 
lost  to  the  turf,  by  the  rasli,  and,  as  I  must  consider  it,  cruel 
trial,  of  running  a  second  four-mile  race  of  scarcely  paralleled 
severity,  within  five  days. 

Grey  Eagle  was  got  by  Woodpecker — by  Bertrand,  dam  by 
imp.  Buzzard;  2d  dam,  the  Fawn,  by  Craig's  Alfred;  3d  dam, 
Shepherdess,  by  Wormsley's  King  Ilerod ;  4th  dam,  by  More- 
ton's  imp.  Traveller;  5th  dam,  by  imp.  Whittington — out  of 
Ophelia  by  Wild  Medley,  dam  by  Sir  Archy ;  2d  dam.  Lady 
Chesterfield,  by  imp.  Diomed  ;  3d  dam,  Lady  Bolingbrooke,  by 
imp.  Pantaloon  ;  -ith  dam.  Cades,  by  Wormsley's  King  Herod ; 
5th  dam,  Primrose,  by  imp.  Dove;  6th  dam,  Stella,  by  Othello; 
7tli  dam,  imp.  mare,  Selima, 

Wild  Medley,  by  Meudosa  (called  "  Bruiser  ") ;  dam  by  imp. 
Pensacola,  &c.,  &e. 

The  description  which  here  ensues  has  been  considered,  by 
competent  judges,  to  be  the  finest  specimen  of  turf-writing  in 
the  English  language,  and  if  the  laudari  a  laudato  be  fame  in 
literary  matters,  we  know  no  one  who  has  derived  more  from  a 
single  essay  than  the  writer  of  the  narrative  annexed. 


WAGNER  AND  GREY  EAGLE'S  RACES. 

The  editor  of  this  magazine  had  the  pleasure  of  attending  the 
last  meeting  of  the  Louisville  Jockey  Club,  and  witnessing  the 
two  splendid  races  between  Wagner  and  Grey  Eagle.  Those 
who  have  noticed  the  spirit  with  which  every  thing  connected 
with  breeding  and  racing  is  carried  on  at  present,  in  Kentucky, 
will  hardly  be  surprised  to  hear  that  the  late  meeting  has  never 
been  equalled  in  the  excellence  of  the  sport,  or  in  the  number 
and  character  of  the  visitors.  Turfmen  and  other  distinguished 
strangers  from  the  neighboring  States  mustered  in  great  force  ; 


254:  THE   HORSE. 

while  the  Kentuckians  themselves  turned  out  in  such  numbers, 
that  the  hotels  and  lodging  houses  literally  overflowed.  A  week 
of  11^ ore  delightful  weather  we  have  rarely  known.  The  fields 
were  large  every  day  ;  the  horses  ran  well ;  "  all  the  world  and 
his  wife  "  were  on  the  course ;  the  pressure  was  forgotten,  and 
all  appeared  to  enjoy  themselves  without  stint  or  measure. 

In  addition  to  the  brilliant  report  of  "  IST.  of  Arkansas  "  in  the 
Spirit  of  the  Times,  the  editor,  since  his  return,  has  given  his 
impressions  of  the  meeting,  in  the  columns  of  that  paper.  Many 
readers  of  this  magazine  have  expressed  a  desire  that  we  should 
also  give  them  a  report  of  the  two  great  races. 

In  compliance  with  the  general  desire  of  these,  we  proceed 
to  give  our  own  impressions  of  the  two  races,  Avhich  have  con- 
tributed in  an  eminent  degree  to  give  Wagner  and  Grey  Eagle 
the  high  and  enduring  reputation  they  now  enjoy.  The  races 
during  the  week  were  characterized  by  good  fields,  strong  run- 
ning, fine  weather,  and  an  attendance  unparalleled  in  numbers 
and  respectability.  The  Oakland  Course  was  in  the  finest  jdos- 
sible  order,  the  stewards  were  in  uniform  and  well  mounted, 
and  the  arrangements  of  the  proprietor,  Col.  Oliver,  and  of  the 
club,  for  the  gratification  and  convenience  of  their  guests,  were 
not  only  in  good  taste,  but  complete  in  all  respects. 

"We  have  not  room  to  speak  in  this  place  of  a  variety  of  in- 
teresting circumstances  connected  with  the  meeting,  but  shall 
be  pardoned  for  alluding  to  the  unusual  number  of  distin- 
guished individuals  present,  and  the  blaze  of  beauty  reflected 
from  the  Ladies'  Pavilion,  on  the  occasion  of  the  first  race  be- 
tween the  champions  of  Louisiana  and  Kentucky.  The  number 
of  ladies  in  attendance  was  estimated  at  eight  hundred,  while 
nearly  two  thousand  horsemen  were  assembled  on  the  field. 
The  stands,  the  fences,  the  trees,  the  tops  of  carriages,  and  every 
eminence  overlooking  the  course,  were  crowded  ;  probably  not 
less  than  ten  thousand  persons  composed  the  assemblage,  com- 
prising not  only  several  distinguished  Senators,  and  nearly  the 
entire  Kentucky  delegation  in  Congress,  with  their  families,  but 
all  the  elite  of  the  beauty  and  fashion  of  the  State. 

Among  the  earliest  on  the  ground  were  the  Hon.  Judge 
Porter,  of  Louisiana,  the  distinguished  ex-Senator,  and  Mr.  Clay. 
His  colleague  in  the  Senate,  Mr.  Crittenden,  soon  followed,  with 


THE   OAKLAND   MEETING.  255 

Gen.  Atkinson,  Major  Stewart,  and  Capt.  Alexander,  of  the 
army,  Judge  Woollej,  Gov.  Poindexter,  Judge  Rowan,  the 
Hon.  Messrs.  Menifee,  Allan,  Letcher,  Hardin,  Graves,  Hawes, 
etc.  Among  the  guests  of  the  Club,  well  known  to  the  sporting 
world,  we  noticed  J.  S.  Skinner,  Esq.,  of  Baltimore,  W.  M. 
Anderson,  Esq.,  of  Ohio,  Col.  C.  F.  M.  Noland,  of  Arkansas,  the 
Messrs.  Kenner,  Mr.  Slidell,  Mr.  Parker,  and  Mr.  Beasley,  of 
Louisiana,  Mr.  McCargo,  Mr.  Beasley,  and  Capt.  Bacon  of  Vir- 
ginia, Mr.  Geo.  Cheatham,  of  Tenn.,  Maj.  Fleming,  of  Alabama, 
and  a  great  number  more  whose  names  have  escaped  us. 

Good  breeding  forbids  an  enumeration  of  the  distinguished 
throng  of  belles.  The  young  miss  just  from  the  trammels  of 
school,  flush  with  joy  and  fears,  the  budding,  blooming  girl  of 
sweet  sixteen,  the  more  stately  and  elegant  full-blown  woman, 
the  dark-eyed  Southerner,  witli  her  brown  complexion  and 
matchless  form,  the  blue-eyed  iS^ortherner  with  her  dimpled 
cheek  and  fair  and  spotless  beauty,  were  gathered  here  in  one 
lustrous  galaxy.  The  gentlemen  were  unmatched  for  variety  ; 
the  Bar,  the  Bench,  the  Senate,  and  the  Press,  the  Army  and 
the  IN^avy,  and  all  the  et  ceteras  that  pleasure  or  curiosity 
attracted,  were  here  represented. 

We  are  very  much  tempted  to  essay  to  describe  a  few  of 
these  radiant  belles — had  kind  Heaven  made  us  a  poet,  like 
Prentice,  we  would  immortalize  them  ;  as  we  are  only  a  proser, 
we  can  merely  detail  them.  If  any  demand  by  what  right  we 
allude  so  pointedly  to  them,  surely  we  may  ask  what  right  they 
have  to  be  so  beautiful?  There  was  one  with  a  form  of  perfect 
symmetry,  and  a  countenance  not  only  beautiful,  but  entirely 
intellectual ;  like  Halleck's  Fanny,  she  may  have  been  "  younger 
once  than  she  is  now,"  but  she  is,  and  will  ever  be,  "  a  thing  to 
bless — all  full  of  life  and  loveliness."  With  a  purely  Grecian 
bust  and  classic  head,  and  with  an  eye  as  dark  as  the  absence 
of  all  light,  beaming  with  a  lustre  that  eclipses  all,  her  figure 
varied  itself  into  every  grace  that  can  belong  either  to  rest  oi 
motion.  And  there  was  a  reigning  belle,  in  the  spring-time  of 
her  youth  and  beauty,  with  a  face  beaming  with  perfect  happi- 
ness ;  it  was  like  a  "  star-lit  lake  curling  its  lips  into  ripples  in 
some  stream  of  delight,  as  the  west-wind  salutes  them  with  its 
balmy  breath,  and  disturbs  their  placid  slumber."     It  was  the 


256  THE   HORSE. 

realization  of  Byron's  idea  of  "  music  breathing  o'er  the  face." 
There  comes  a  bride — and  from  the  East.  too.  A  peep  at  her 
face,  ahnost  hid  by  clustering  braids  of  raven  hair,  displays  a 
belle  of  an  Atlantic  city,  and  ere  we  have  time  to  ask  her  name, 
a  lovely  blonde  sweeps  by  in  a  gay  mantilla,  changeable  as  the 
hues  of  evening,  with  a  hat  whiter  than  the  wing  of  a  dove, 
and  a  face  faultless  as  ISTesera.  It  would  puzzle  a  Sphinx  to 
divine  the  cause  of  her  radiant  smile.  Walks  she  fancy  free  ? 
Has  Cupid's  bolt  passed  her  innocuous  ?  In  the  centre  of  the 
Pavilion  stand  two  rival  belles,  of  a  style  of  beauty  so  varied  as 
to  attract  marked  attention.  The  face  and  figure  of  one  is 
rounded  to  the  complete  fulness  of  the  mould  for  a  Juno  ;  while 
the  other,  with  the  form  of  a  sylpli,  and  the  eyes  of  an  angel, 
is  the  impersonation  of  delicacy  and  loveliness.  And  there 
is  a  lady  from  the  northernmost  extremity  of  the  Republic, 
nearly  allied  to  the  Patrick  Henry  of  the  Southwest,  with  eyes 
of  the  sweetest  and  most  tranquil  blue  "  that  ever  reflected  the 
serene  heaven  of  a  happy  hearth — eyes  to  love,  not  wonder  at — 
to  adore  and  rely  upon,  not  admire  and  tremble  for."  And  then 
there  was  that  beautiful  belle  from  Scott  County,  and  that  bril- 
liant wit  from  Lexington ;  here,  the  pearl  wreath  strove  to  rival 
the  fairer  brow — the  ruby,  a  rubier  lip — the  diamond,  a  brighter 
eye  ;  there,  the  cornelian  borrowed  from  the  damask  cheek  a 
deeper  hue  ;  the  gossamer  floated  round  a  lighter  form — the 
light  plume  nodded  over  a  lighter  heart. 

But  what  grace  cm  flowers  or  sweeping  jjlumes  confer  when 
the  rich  smile  of  beauty  is  parting  her  vermilion  lips,  and  the 
breath  of  the  morning,  added  to  the  excitement  of  the  occasion, 
have  given  a  ripeness  to  her  cheeks,  and  a  fire  to  her  eye,  which, 
to  our  bachelor  taste,  would  be  worth  a  pilgrimage  to  Mecca  to 
enjoy,  as  we  did  at  tliat  moment.  Who  can  fail  to  detect  the 
graceful  being  on  our  left,  in  a  Parisian  hat,  lined  with  violets, 
whose  soft  liquid  eye,  and  raven  braids  render  her  the  fairest 
gem  in  tlie  brilliant  cluster  of  Western  beauties  ?  The  flashing 
eyes  of  a  dark-browed  matron  from  Missouri  are  roving  restlessly 
over  the  nodding  sea  of  heads  beneath  ;  and  the  pensive  smile 
of  a  fair  lily,  just  liome  from  school,  has  become  absolutely 
radiant  as  she  shakes  back,  from  her  open  ])row,  a  flood  of  glis- 
tening ringlets,  and  gazes  down  upon  the  multitude  with  the 


THE   NOMINATIONS.  257 

innocent  gaze  of  a  young-eyed  seraph.  But  how  shall  our  pen 
do  homage  to  the  daughters  of  Old  Kentuck,  whose  striking  Di 
V^ernon  beauty,  with  their  dark  lustrous  eyes  and  sable  tresses, 
is  only  rivalled  by  the  high  culture  bestowed  upon  their  minds, 
and  the  attraction  of  those  feminine  accomplishments  which 
''  gild  refined  gold,"  and  render  them  among  the  loveliest  and 
most  fascinatino;  women  within  the  circuit  of  the  sun  ?  The 
waters  of  Lethe  must  flow  deep  over  our  souls,  to  banish  the 
memory  of  the  bouquets  and  gloves  we  lost  and  won  upon  that 
day  !  The  evening  festivities  that  followed — the  brilliant  dance, 
the  plaintive  song  that  "  lapt  us  in  Elysium," — and  she,  too,  the 
fairy  masquerader,  in  the  Suliote  cap  and  bodice,  lives  she  not 
last,  as  well  as  first,  in  our  remembrance  ? 

But  our  pages  forbid  a  longer  retrospection.  Tlie  hospitalities 
and  courtesies  of  the  "West,  joined  to  the  smile  of  her  beauteous 
women,  are  indelibly  impressed  upon  our  hearts,  and  shall  be 
freshly  remembered  when  we  pledge  our  warmest  friends  in  the 
generous  wine-cup. 

Tlie  occasion  of  this  brilliant  assembly  was  the  stake  for  all 
ages,  four-mile  heats,  which  closed  on  the  1st  of  January,  1839, 
with  ten  subscribers  at  $2,000  each,  half  forfeit,  as  follows  ; — 

1 — T.  N.  Oliver  &  Miles  W.  Dickey,  of  Kentucky,  named  gr.  c.  Grey  Eagle,  by  Woodpecker,  out 

of  Ophelia,  by  Wild  Medley,  4  yrs. — Dress,  Eed,  Blue,  and  Orange. 
2 — Wm.  T.  Ward,  of  Kentucky,  named  b.  m.  Mary  Vaughan,  by  Waxy,  out  of  Betty  Bluster, 

by  imp.  Bluster,  5  yrs.— Dress,  Blue  and  White. 
8— Willa  Viley,  of  Kentucky,  named  ch.  t  Queen  Mary,  by  Bertrand,  dam  by  Brimmer,  4  yrs. — 

Dress,  White  and  Green. 
4 — Geo.  N.  Sanders  &  Lewis  Sanders,  Jr.,  of  Kentucky,  named  b.  c.  Occident,  by  Bertrand,  out 

of  Diamond,  by  Turpin's  Florizel,  4  yrs.— Dress,  White. 
5— Sidney  Burbridge,  of  Kentucky,  named  b.  c.  Tarlton,  by  Woodpecker,  dam  by  Ilobin  Gray, 

5  yrs. — Dress,  not  declared. 
6— Jas.  L.  Bradley  &  H.  B.  Steel,  of  Kentucky,  named  ch.  c.  ITawTc-Eye,  by  Sir  Lovell,  out  of 

Pressure's  dam,  by  Jenkins'  Sir  William,  4  yrs. — Dress,  Orange  and  Black. 
'^— Archie  Cheatham,  of  Virginia,  named  b.  h.  Billy  Townes,  by  Imp.  Fylde,  dam  by  Virginian, 

5  yrs.— Dress,  Purple  and  Eed. 
8— Jas.  S.  Garrison,  of  Louisiana,  named  ch.  h.  Wagner,  by  Sir  Charles,  out  of  Maria  West,  by 

Marion,  5  yrs.— Dress,  Red  and  Eed. 
9— Wm.  Wynn,  of  Virginia,  named  b.  c.  Ficton,  by  Imp.  Luzborough,  out  of  Isabella,  by  Sir 

Archy,  5  yrs.— Dress,  not  declared. 
>0— Wm.  Buford,  Jr.,  of  Kentucky,  named  ch.  f.  Musidora,  by  Medoc,  dam  by  Kosciusko,  4  yrs.— 

Dress,  not  declared. 

The  race  came  off  on  Monday,  the  30th  of  September.     Of 
the  ten  nominations,  four  only  came  to  the  post — Wagner,  Grey 
Eagle,  Queen  Mary,  and  Hawk-Eye.     Of  the  other  six,  Tarlton 
Vol.  I.— 17 


258  THE   HOKSE. 

and  Musidora  liad  given  way  in  training ;  Picton  was  in  Ten- 
nessee, and  complaining;  Occident's  trials  would  not  justify  his 
starting  ;  Billy  Townes  and  Mary  Yaughan  were  on  the  ground, 
but  not  up  to  the  mark  in  condition.  From  the  day  the  stake 
closed,  the  betting  had  been  going  on  with  spirit  in  different 
sections  of  the  country,  increasing  daily  in  amount  as  the  race 
drew  nigh.  From  the  first  Wagner  was  decidedly  the  favorite  ; 
and  when  it  became  reduced  almost  to  a  certainty  tliat  not 
above  six  would  start,  the  betting  was  about  50  to  75  on  him  vs. 
the  field.  For  many  months  previous  to  the  race,  and  before  it 
was  known  how  many  would  start,  odds  were  offered,  from  New 
York  to  New  Orleans,  on  "VVagner  and  Billy  Townes  against  the 
field.  Immense  sums  were  laid  out  at  odds,  in  Kentucky,  on 
Grey  Eagle's  winning  the  first  heat,  and  in  many  instances  he 
was  backed  against  Wagner  for  the  race.  In  consequence  of 
the  unlimited  confidence  felt  by  the  Kentuckians  in  the  "■  foot " 
of  Grey  Eagle,  it  was  resolved  by  the  Wagner  party  not  to  run 
for  the  first  heat,  unless  circumstances  should  occur  which  might 
render  it  an  easy  thing  for  their  horse.  But  the  day  before  the 
race,  a  commission  from  New  Orleans  was  received,  offering  a 
large  sum  on  Wagner's  beating  the  gray  the  first  heat,  which 
induced  them  to  change  this  determination  ;  indeed,  the  induce- 
ment to  run  for  it  was  a  pretty  substantial  one,  for  they  could 
lose  nothing,  and  might  win  several  thousands — we  do  not  feel 
at  liberty  to  say  how  many,  or  who  were  the  parties  ;  it  is  enough 
that  they  were  keen,  and  also  successful.  Two  days  before  the 
race,  Mr.  McCargo  gave  Billy  Townes  a  trial  with  Missouri  and 
Texana,  and  though  the  result  was  entirely  satisfactory,  so  far 
as  his  action  was  concerned,  he  soon  after  cramped  to  such  a 
degree  that  it  was  at  once  declared  that  he  would  not  be  started. 
Mary  Yaughan,  we  believe,  was  plated  for  the  race,  but  not 
being  quite  up  to  the  mark,  she  also  paid  forfeit.  On  the  morn- 
ing of  the  race,  it  being  understood  pretty  thoroughly  that 
Wagner,  Grey  Eagle,  Queen  Mary,  and  Hawk-Eye  only  would 
start,  out  of  the  ten  nominations,  "business"  commenced  in 
earnest,  Wagner  being  freely  offered  against  the  field,  and  as 
freely  taken,  while  Grey  Eagle  was  backed  at  small  odds  for  the 
first  heat. 

The  "  caU  "  for  the  horses  was  sounded  at  a  quarter  to  one 


THE   HOKSES.  259 

o'clock,  and  soon  after  all  eyes  were  directed  toward  a  motley 
group  approaching  from  Mr.  Garrison's  stable :  "  with  stately 
step  and  slow,"  the  proud  champion  of  Louisiana  made  his 
appearance.  He  was  directly  stripped,  and  a  finer  exhibition 
of  the  perfection  to  which  the  trainer's  art  can  be  carried,  we 
have  rarely  seen.  His  coat  and  eye  were  alike  brilliant. 
Wagner  is  a  light  gold  chestnut,  with  a  roan  stripe  on  the  right 
side  of  his  face,  and  white  hind  feet — about  fifteen  hands  and  a 
half  high.  His  head  is  singularly  small,  clean,  and  bony,  set  on 
a  light  but  rather  long  neck ;  forehanded,  he  resembles  the  pic- 
tures of  his  sire,  and  in  his  carriage  is  said  to  resemble  him. 
His  shoulder  is  immensely  strong,  running  very  well  back  into  a 
good  middle  piece,  which  is  well  ribbed  home.  One  of  the  finest 
points  about  him  is  his  great  depth  of  chest ;  few  horses  can 
measure  with  him  from  the  point  of  the  shoulder  to  the  brisket. 
His  arms  are  heavily  muscled  like  Mingo's,  with  the  tendons 
standing  out  in  bold  relief.  He  has  uncommonly  strong  and 
wide  hips,  a  good  loin,  remarkably  fine  stifles  and  thighs,  with 
as  fine  hocks  and  legs  as  ever  stood  under  a  horse.  Wagner  has 
been  in  training  ever  since  his  3  yr.  old,  and  has  travelled  over 
thi'ee  thousand  miles,  without  three  weeks'  rest  this  season !  Mr. 
Garrison  commencing  galloping  him  just  four  weeks  previous 
to  this  race ;  he  had  not  even  been  turned  loose  in  a  paddock. 

A  murmur,  which  was  soon  lost  in  a  suppressed  cheer  at  the 
head  of  the  quarter  stretch,  announced  to  the  multitude  about 
the  stand  the  approach  of  Gj^ey  Eagle  ',  as  he  came  up  in  front 
of  the  stand,  his  lofty  carriage  and  fiashing  eye  elicited  a  burst 
of  applause,  which  told  better  than  words  can  express  the  intense 
and  ardent  aspirations  felt  in  his  success,  by  every  son  and 
daughter  of  Kentucky.  Clinton,  his  trainer,  immediately  stripped 
off  his  sheet  and  hood,  and  a  finer  specimen  of  the  high-mettled 
racer  was  never  exhibited.  He  was  in  condition  to  run  for  a 
man's  life — a  magnificent  gray,  nearly  sixteen  hands  high,  with 
the  step  of  a  gazelle  and  the  strength  of  a  Bucephalus.  Mr. 
Burbridge  had  told  us  that  of  one  thing  he  was  confident — his 
norse  might  want  foot,  but  of  his  game  he  was  certain  ;  the  cor- 
rectness of  his  judgment  the  sequel  will  show.  In  the  hands  of 
Clinton,  who,  by-the-by,  is  a  Kentuckian,  not  above  seven  and 
twenty  years  of  age,  Grey  Eagle  had  never  lost  a  heat ;  the 


260  THE   HOESE. 

previous  October,  he  won  a  two-mile  Sweepstakes,  over  this 
course,  in  3.41 — 3.43f ;  and  a  week  afterwards  repeated  the 
race  in  3.48 — 3.44.  His  form  indicates  more  power  of  endur- 
ance than  any  horse  we  ever  saw  in  Kentucky  ;  from  the  girth 
forward  his  shape  and  make  could  hardly  be  improved,  if  he 
merely  had  the  delicate,  finely-tapered  ears  of  a  Sir  Charles,  or 
a  Wild  Bill.  Standing  behind  him,  his  quarters  display  a  fine 
development  of  muscle,  but  many  would  call  them  light  in  pro- 
portion to  his  size  and  forehand ;  in  this  respect  he  closely  re- 
sembles Priam.  His  coupling,  thigh,  and  stifle,  are  unexcep- 
tionably  good,  and  his  hocks  come  well  down  to  the  ground, 
giving  him  great  length  from  their  point  to  that  of  the  whirl- 
bone.  His  legs  are  clean,  broad,  and  flat,  with  the  hamstrings 
and  leaders  beautifully  developed — no  son  of  Whip  ever  had  a 
finer  set  of  limbs  under  him. 

Two  chestnuts  next  challenged  the  public's  attention ;  the 
first  was  Queen  Mary,  a  very  blood-like  looking  filly,  with 
white  hind  feet,  that  a  single  glance  would  have  shown  to  be  a 
daughter  of  Bertrand.  She  measures  about  15-2^  hands,  is  well 
put  up,  and  when  running  in  good  form,  must  be  a  dangerous 
lady  to  trifle  with.  Hawk-Eye,  as  we  remember  him,  is  a  heavy 
moulded  colt,  of  nearly  15|-  hands,  with  a  star  and  white  fore 
feet ;  without  the  foot  or  the  endurance  of  his  half  brother. 
Pressure,  he  presents  to  the  eye  no  such  game  appearance. 
We  trust  he  was  not  himself  on  this  occasion,  or  we  should  wish 
"ne'er  to  look  upon  his  like  again,"  for  he  cut  a  very  sorry 
figure  in  this  party.  Both  himself  and  the  Bertrand  filly  have 
been  winners,  and  the  latter  has  ever  been  looked  ujjon  as  a 
performer  of  great  promise. 

At  half-past  one  o'clock,  the  jockeys  having  received  their 
orders  from  the  judges,  the  order  was  given  to  "  clear  the  course." 
Cato,  called  Kate,  in  a  richly-embroidered  scarlet  dress,  was 
put  upon  Wagner;  he  is  a  capital  jockey,  and  rode  nearly  up 
to  his  weight,  110  pounds.  The  rider  engaged  for  Grey  Eagle, 
lost  the  confidence  of  his  owners  just  before  the  race,  and  at  the 
eleventh  hour  they  were  obliged  to  hunt  up  another.  Stephen 
Welch,  a  three-year-old  rider,  was  selected,  though  obliged  to 
carry  thirteen  pounds  dead  weight  in  shot-pouches  on  his  sad- 
dle !   The  friends  of  Grey  Eagle,  however,  had  entire  confidence 


THE   START.  261 

in  Ills  honesty ;  and  it  is  clear  that  he  did  his  best,  though, 
weighing  as  he  did  but  eighty-two  pounds,  he  had  neither  the 
strength  nor  stamina  to  hold  and  control  a  powerful,  fiery  horse 
like  Grey  Eagle.  He  rode  superbly  for  a  lad  of  his  years,  while 
Cato's  exhibition  of  skill  and  judgment  would  have  done  credit 
to  Gil.  Patrick.  The  horses  took  their  places  in  accordance  with 
the  precedence  of  their  nomination  for  the  stake.  Grey  Eagle 
having  the  inside  track.  Queen  Mary  second,  Hawk-Eye  third, 
and  "Wagner  the  outside.  Just  at  this  moment  Mr.  Ward,  the 
President  of  tlie  Club,  dislodged  the  band  from  their  seats  over 
the  judges'  stand,  and  Mr,  Clay,  Judge  Porter,  Judge  Rowan, 
our  friend  Col.  Whetstone,  of  the  Devil's  Fork  of  the  Little  Red, 
and  the  writer  of  this  article,  with  two  or  three  other  gentlemen, 
were  invited  to  occupy  them,  by  which  we  all  obtained  a  fine 
view,  not  only  of  the  race,  but — of  the  ladies  in  the  stands 
opposite. 

THE    RACE. 

All  being  in  motion  and  nearly  in  line,  the  President  gave 
the  word  "  Go  !  "  and  tapped  the  drum.  Grey  Eagle  was  the 
last  off,  while  Wagner  went  away  like  a  qnarter-horse,  with 
Queen  Mary  well  up  second  ;  they  were  taken  in  hand  at  once, 
which  allowed  Hawk-Eye  to  take  the  place  of  the  Queen  on  the 
back  stretch,  and  at  the  three-quarter-mile  post,  Wagner  allowed 
him  to  take  the  track.  Hawk-Eye  led  home  to  the  stand  at  a 
moderate  pace,  Wagner  second,  and  Queen  Mary  third ;  both 
of  them  were  pulling  to  Grey  Eagle,  at  whose  head  Stephen 
was  tugging  with  might  and  main.  Hawk-Eye  carried  on  the 
running  for  about  half  a  mile  further,  until  Gooding  bid  Cato 
"  go  along."  The  pace  mended  at  once  ;  Wagner  went  up  to 
Hawk-Eye,  and  might  have  cut  him  down  in  half  a  dozen 
strides,  but  the  Queen  was  still  laj^ing  back,  and  Grey  Eagle  had 
not  yet  made  a  stroke.  Wagner  came  first  to  the  stand,  and  at 
the  turn  Cato  having  held  up  his  whip  as  a  signal  to  a  crowd 
of  rubbers  and  boys  on  Garrison's  stable,  that  "  the  old  Sorrel 
Stud"  was  going  just  right,  they  gave  him  a  slight  cheer,  at 
which  AVagner  broke  loose,  and  made  a  spread  eagle  of  the  field 
in  "  no  time."  The  other  jocks  were  not  a  little  startled  at  this 
demonstration  of  Wagner's  speed,  and  each  called  upon  his  nag, 


262  THE   HOUSE. 

SO  that  opposite  tlie  Oakland  House,  near  the  three-quarter  mile 
post,  the  field  closed.  Stephen  here  let  out  the  phenomenon  he 
so  gracefully  bestrode,  and  like  twin  bullets  the  gallant  gray 
and  Wagner  came  out  of  the  melee.  At  the  head  of  the  quar- 
ter stretch,  Stephen  was  told  to  "  pull  him  steady,"  so  that 
before  Wagner  reached  the  stand.  Queen  Mary  had  changed 
places  with  Grey  Eagle,  notwithstanding  her  saddle  had  slipped 
on  her  withers.  Hawk-Eye  was  already  in  difficulty,  and  for 
him  the  pace  was  getting  "  no  better  very  fast."  Grey  Eagle 
set  to  work  in  earnest  on  entering  the  back  stretch,  first  outfoot- 
ing  the  Queen  and  then  challenging  Wagner.  From  the  Oak- 
land House  to  the  head  of  the  quarter-stretch,  the  ground  is 
descending,  and  from  thence  up  the  straight  run  to  the  stand, 
a  distance  of  perhaps  six  hundred  yards,  it  is  ascending.  At 
the  half-mile  post,  Cato  called  upon  Wagner,  and  the  critical 
moment  having  arrived,  Stephen  collared  him  with  the  gray, 
on  the  outside.  For  three  hundred  yards  the  pace  was  tremen- 
dous ;  Grey  Eagle  once  got  his  head  and  neck  in  front,  and  a 
tremendous  shout  was  sent  up  ;  but  Wagner  threw  him  off  so 
far  in  going  round  the  last  turn,  that,  halfway  up  the  stretch, 
Mr.  Burbridge  ordered  him  to  be  pulled  up,  and  Wagner  won 
cleverly,  Queen  Mary  dropping  just  w^ithin  her  distance,  150 
yards.     Hawk-Eye  was  nowhere.     Time  7.48. 

The  disapj)ointment  and  mortification  was  so  great,  that  for 
the  first  twenty  minutes  after  the  heat,  Queen  Mary  was  freely 
backed  against  Grey  Eagle,  while  so  far  as  Wagner  was  con- 
cerned, it  was  considered  "  a  dead  open  and  shut."  Before  the 
forty-five  minutes  had  elapsed,  however,  a  re-action  took  place 
in  favor  of  Grey  Eagle.  Not  a  Kentuclcian  on  the  ground  laid 
out  a  dollar  on  Wagner  !  From  the  first,  the  very  few  individ- 
uals who  were  disposed  to  back  him  on  account  of  his  blood, 
his  form,  his  performances  and  his  condition,  had  not  staked  a 
dollar ;  their  judgment  prompted  them  to  back  the  Southern 
champion,  but  they  would  not  bet  against  Kentucky  I  Talk  of 
State  pride  in  South  Carolina !  Why,  the  Kentuckians  have 
more  of  it  than  the  citizens  of  all  the  States  in  the  Confederacy 
added  together.  They  not  only  believe  Kentucky  to  be  the 
Eden  of  the  world,  and  the  garden  of  the  Union,  but  their  own 
favorite  county  to  be  the  asparagus-bed  of  the  State  !    And  they 


THE    SECOND    HEAT.  253 

liave  good  reason  ;  Kentucky  is  a  glorious  State.  The  talent 
and  chivalry  of  her  sons  are  in  keeping  with  the  intelligence 
and  peerless  beauty  of  her  daughters,  and  well  may  they  be 
proud  of  her  and  of  each  other.     But  to  the  horses. 

All  cooled  off  well,  but  more  especially  Grey  Eagle,  who 
appeared  not  to  mind  the  run  a  jot.  They  got,  as  Clinton 
remarked,  "  a  capital  scrape  out  of  him,"  and  he  was  "  as  fine 
as  silk," — in  good  order  for  a  bruisijig  heat.  He  extended  him- 
self with  a  degree  of  ease  in  the  second  heat,  and  changed  his 
action  in  a  manner  that  convinced  us  that  the  sweat  had  relieved 
him.  Wagner,  who  resembles  Boston  in  many  other  respects, 
showed  all  that  placidity  and  calmness  of  look  and  motion  which 
characterizes  "  the  old  White-nose."  Great  odds  were  ofifered 
on  him  for  the  race,  but  small  amounts  only  were  staked.  Grey 
Eagle's  noble  bearing  and  game-cock  look,  as  he  came  up  to 
contest  in  a  second  heat  for  the  meed  of  honor  and  applause, 
was  the  theme  of  universal  admiration  ;  so  much  so,  indeed,  that 
a  cargo  of  laces,  gloves,  bijouterie,  etc.,  must  have  been  required 
to  pay  the  wagers  made  in  the  Ladies'  Pavilion. 

Second  Heat, — The  tap  of  the  drum  sent  them  away  with  a 
beautiful  start,  AYagner  leading  off  with  a  steady,  business-like 
stride,  while  Grey  Eagle,  as  full  of  game  as  of  beauty,  waited 
upon  him  close  up.  It  was  instantly  evident  that  Mr.  Burbridge 
had  changed  his  tactics ;  the  moment  Stephen  got  Grey  Eagle 
into  straight  work  on  the  back  side,  he  made  play  for  the  track, 
and  after  a  terrific  burst  of  speed  for  one  hundred  and  fifty 
yards,  he  came  in  front ;  keeping  u]3  his  stroke,  he  soon  after 
made  a  gap  of  four  lengths,  and  though  Wagner  drew  upon  him 
a  little  in  coming  up  the  rising  ground  towards  the  stand,  yet 
he  passed  it  far  enough  in  advance  to  M^arrant  the  warm  and 
hearty  plaudits  of  his  friends.  As  if  inspirited  by  the  cheers  of 
the  crowd,  and  the  tokens  of  unalloyed  gratification  exhibited 
by  the  galaxy  of  radiant  beauty  in  the  stands.  Grey  Eagle  kept 
up  his  murderous  rate  throughout  the  entire  second  mile ; 
Wagner  lay  up  close,  and  there  was  no  faltering,  no  flinching, 
no  giving  back,  on  the  part  of  either.  The  stride  was  over 
twenty-two  feet,  perfectly  steady,  strong,  and  regular,  with  no 
dwelling,  no  floundering,  no  laboring.  Grey  Eagle  made  the 
running  to  beyond  the  half-mile  post  on  the  third  mile,  and  the 


264  THE   nORSE. 

pace  seemed  too  good  to  last,  but  there  were  "  links  "  yet  to  be 
"let  out,"  From  this  point  the  two  cracks  made  a  match  of  it, 
in  which  Queen  Mary  had  as  little  apparent  concern  as  if  out 
of  the  race.  Near  the  Oakland  House,  Wagner  set  to  work  to 
do  or  die.  '-'■  Rowel  him  iip  !  "  shouted  his  owner  to  Cato  ;  while 
Garrison,  at  the  head  of  the  quarter  stretch,  was  waving  his 
hat  to  him  to  come  on  !  The  rally  that  ensued  down  the 
descent  to  the  turn,  was  desperate,  but  Wagner  could  not  gain 
an  inch  ;  as  they  swung  round  into  the  quarter  stretch  they 
were  lapped  ;  "  spur  your  proud  coursers  hard  and  ride  ii 
blood ! "  were  the  orders  on  this,  as  they  are  described  to 
have  been  on  Bosworth  "field."  Both  horses  got  a  taste 
of  steel  and  catgut  as  they  came  up  the  ascent,  and  on  cast- 
ing our  eye  along  the  cord  extending  across  the  course  from 
the  judges'  to  the  club  stands.  Grey  Eagle  was  the  first  under 
it  by  a  head  and  shoulders  ;  at  the  turn  Stephen  manoeuvred  so 
as  to  press  Wagner  on  the  outside,  and  soon  after  drew  out  clear 
in  front,  looking  so  much  like  a  winner  that  the  crowd,  unable 
to  repress  an  irresistible  impulse,  sent  uj)  a  cheer  that  made  the 
welkin  ring  for  miles  around.  The  group  on  Wagner's  stable 
again  bid  him  "  go  on  !  "  but  Cato,  "  calm  as  a  summer's  morn- 
ing," was  quietly  biding  his  time ;  he  seemed  to  feel  that 
Patience  has  won  more  dollars  than  Haste  has  coppers,  and  that 
there  was  but  a  solitary  chance  of  winning  the  race  out  of  the 
fire.  Fully  aware  of  the  indomitable  game  of  the  nonpareil 
under  him,  he  thought  if  he  could  bottle  him  up  for  a  few  hun- 
dred yards  there  was  still  another  run  to  be  got  out  of  him.  He 
accordingly  took  a  bracing  pull  on  his  horse,  and  though  it  was 
"go  along"  every  inch,  Wagner  recovered  his  wind  so  as  to 
come  again  at  the  head  of  the  quarter  stretch.  Stephen,  long 
ere  this,  had  become  so  exhausted  as  to  be  u  able  to  give  Grey 
Eagle  the  support  he  required  ;  he  rode  wide,  swerving  consid- 
erably from  a  straight  line,  and  was  frequently  all  abroad  in  his 
seat.  From  the  Oakland  House  home,  it  was  a  terrible  race  ! 
By  the  most  extraordinary  exertions  Wagner  got  up  neck  and 
neck  with  "  the  gallant  gray,"  as  they  swung  round  the  turn 
into  the  quarter  stretch.  The  feelings  of  the  assembled  thou- 
sands were  wrought  up  to  a  pitch  absolutely  painful — silence 
the  most  profound  reigned  over  that  vast  assembly,  as  these 


SUMMARY.  265 

noble  animals  sjjed  on  as  if  life  and  death  called  fortli  their 
utmost  energies.  Both  jockeys  had  their  whip-hands  at  work, 
and  at  every  stroke,  each  spur,  with  a  desperate  stab,  was  buried 
to  the  rowel  head.  Grey  Eagle,  for  the  first  hundred  yards,  was 
clearly  gaining ;  but  in  another  instant  Wagner  was  even  with 
him.  Both  were  out  and  doing  their  best.  It  was  any  body's 
race  yet !  Now  "Wagner — now  Grey  Eagle  has  the  advantage. 
It  will  be  a  dead  heat !  "  See  !  Grey  Eagle's  got  him  !  " — 
"  ]^o — Wagner's  ahead  !  "  A  moment  ensues — the  people 
shout — hearts  throb — ladies  faint — a  thrill  of  emotion,  and  the 
race  is  over !  Wagner  wins  by  a  neck,  in  7.44,  the  best  race 
ever  run  south  of  the  Potomac ;  while  Kentucky's  gallant 
champion  demonstrates  his  claim  to  that  proud  title,  by  a  per- 
formance which  throws  into  the  shade  the  most  brilliant  ever 
made  in  his  native  State.     Summary  ; — 

MONDAY,  Sept.  80,  1S39.— Sweepstakes  for  all  ages,  3  yr.  olds  carrying  86  lbs.— 4,  100—5,  110— 
6, 118 — 7  and  upwards,  124  lbs. ;  mares  and  geldings  allowed  3  lbs.  Ten  subscribers  at  $2,000 
each,  h.  ft.,  to  which  the  Proprietor  added  the  receipts  of  the  Stands.     Four-mile  heats. 

Jas.  S.  Garrison's — John  Campbell's — ch.  h.  Wagner,  by  Sir  Charles,  out  of  Maria  West,  by 

Marion,  5  yrs Cato.    1    1 

Oliver  &  Dickey's — A.  L.  Shotwell's — gr.  c.  Grey  Eagle,  by  'Woo.lpeeker,  out  of  Ophelia,  by 

"Wild  Medley,  4  yrs Stephen  Welch.    2    2 

Capt.  Willa  Viley's  ch.  f.  Qu-een  Mary,  by  Bertrand,  dam  by  Brimmer,  4  yrs.         .        .        .33 

Bradley  &  Steel's  ch.  c.  Ilawk-Eye,  by  Sir  Lovell,  out  of  Pressure's  dam,  by  Jenkins'  Sir 

William,  4  yrs .         .    dist. 

Time,  7.48—7.44. 

To  say  that  Wagner  was  better  managed  and  better  jockeyed 
in  this  race  than  Gre}*  Eagle,  is  to  express  the  opinion  of  every 
unprejudiced  individual  who  had  the  pleasure  of  witnessing  it. 
What  might  have  been  the  result  of  the  race.,  we  cannot  pre- 
tend to  say,  but  we  assert  with  perfect  confidence  our  belief, 
that  with  Gil.  Patrick  on  his  back,  Grey  Eagle  would  have  won 
the  second  heat.  People  difi'er  in  opinion,  luckily,  and  were  it 
not  so  we  should  be  in  a  mass.  Had  the  managers  of  Grey 
Eagle  been  content  to  bide  their  time,  another  tale  might  have 
been  told.  "  Wait  and  win "  carries  off  more  purses  than 
"Take  the  track  and  keep  it."  Grey  Eagle  could  outfoot  Wag- 
ner in  a  brush  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  yards — he  clearly  de- 
monstrated that  fact  half  a  dozen  times  in  the  course  of  the 
week  ;  but  in  a  run  of  five  or  six  hundred  yards,  Wagner  could 
beat  him  about  the  same  distance.  Tlie  two  horses  were  so 
nearly  matched  that  good  generalship  and  good  riding  did  the 


2C6  THE   HORSE. 

business.  Instead  of  allowing  liim  to  go  forward  and  cut  out 
the  work,  Grej  Eagle  should  have  been  laid  quietly  behind, 
with  a  steady,  bracing  pull,  until  within  the  distance  stand, 
and  then  pulled  out,  and  made  to  win  if  he  could.  That  was 
his  only  chance  ;  tiring  down  Wagner  is  like  tiring  down  a  lo- 
comotive. 

"We  must  here  break  off,  but  not  without  remarking  that 
after  being  weighed,  Cato  was  put  up  again  on  Wagner,  and 
with  the  stakes  in  his  hand — $14,000  !— he  jDromenaded  in  front 
of  the  stand,  preceded  by  a  band  of  music,  playing  "  Old  Vir- 
ginny  never  tireP  In  bringing  our  report  of  this  memorable 
race  to  a  conclusion,  we  must  not  neglect  to  record  the  gratify- 
ing fact,  that  notwithstanding  the  immense  throng  of  spectators 
on  the  ground,  and  the  peculiar  excitement  of  the  occasion, 
not  a  solitary  circumstance  occurred  calculated  for  a  moment 
to  interrupt  the  harmony  and  general  good  feeling  which  pre- 
vailed on  all  hands. 

We  have  not  room  to  give  the  details  of  the  running  on  the 
intermediate  days  of  the  meeting.  Sufhce  to  say  that  the  fine 
Medoc  filly  Cub,  won  the  Post  stake  for  3  yrs.  olds,  in  3.45-^ — 
3.44 ; — that  the  Woodpecker  colt  Ralph  won  the  three-mile 
purse  cleverly,  in  5.50  each  heat ; — that  the  Eclipse  mare  Mis- 
souri won  the  Oakland  Plate,  two-mile  heats,  in  3.50 — 3.44 — 
3.50  ; — and  that  several  other  exhibitions  of  beauty,  game,  and 
speed,  were  given  during  the  week.  The  first  race  between 
Wagner  and  Grey  Eagle  came  off  on  Monday ;  on  Saturday 
they  again  came  out  for  the  Jockey  Club  purse  of  $1,500,  four- 
mile  heats.  Throughout  the  week  the  weather  had  been  de- 
lightful, and  the  attendance  good  enough  to  realize  $15,000  to 
the  spirited  proprietor ;  but  on  this  day  tliere  was  an  immense 
gathering  from  far  and  near,  and  the  sun  never  shone  out  on  a 
more  lovely  morning.  The  attraction,  it  must  be  confessed, 
could  not  have  been  surpassed —  Wagner  and  Grey  Eagle  were 
again  to  come  together!  After  their  race  on  Monday,  both  par- 
ties immediately  interested  were  willing  to  draw  off  their  forces 
and  enjoy  an  honorable  armistice  until  next  spring  ;  but  the  in- 
terference and  misrepresentation  of  sanguine  friends  ultimately 
broke  off  the  truce  existing  between  them,  and  the  high  con- 
tracting parties  set  about  prosecuting  the  war  with  greater  zeal 


THE   SECOND   RACE.  267 

and  energy  than  ever.  Some  one  wrote  from  Louisville,  direct- 
ly after  the  race,  to  the  effect  that  Wagner  had  declined  to  meet 
Grey  Eagle  in  a  match  for  $10,000,  four-mile  heats  ;  which  let- 
ter made  its  appearance  in  the  column  of  a  Lexington  journal. 
This  statement  the  friends  of  Grey  Eagle  did  not  deny,  though 
it  was  made  without  their  authority  ;  and  in  consequence  Wag- 
ner was  forced  to  notice  it.  In  an  article  "  by  authority,"  from 
the  pen  of  a  distinguished  correspondent  of  the  "  Spirit  of  the 
Times,"  published  in  the  Louisville  "  Journal "  on  the  5tli  Oc- 
tober, the  writer  remarked  to  the  following  effect ; — 

"  Wag7ie7'  and  Grey  Eagle. — The  repidatioii  of  his  horse  is 
dear  to  a  turfman,  and  it  is  his  duty  to  shield  and  defend  it  as 
he  would  his  own  honor.  The  contest  between  Wagner  and 
Grey  Eagle  will  long  be  remembered  by  those  who  witnessed  it. 
Wagner's  honors  were  nobly  won ;  he  earned  them  in  a  field 
where  every  inch  of  ground  was  closely  contested  ;  and  any  one 
who  would  attempt  to  pluck  a  laurel  from  his  brow,  by  false- 
hood or  misrepresentation,  deserves  the  scoi'n  of  every  honor- 
able man. 

"  The  writer  of  this  has  been  induced  to  make  these  remarks, 
from  the  fact  that  a  letter  has  been  published  in  a  Lexington 
paper,  written  from  Louisville,  containing  a  statement  that  Grey 
Eagle  had  challenged  Wagner  for  $10,000,  and  the  latter  had 
declined  the  contest.  This  statement  is  positively /aZse,  and  the 
owners  of  Grey  Eagle  will  cheerfully  bear  testimony  to  the 
truth  of  the  assertion.  The  facts  of  the  case  are  these  ;  Warner 
had  gained  a  victory  over  Grey  Eagle — a  victory  in  which  even 
the  defeated  party  gained  the  brightest  laurels,  and  won  lor 
himself  imperishable  fame.  Hence  Wagner's  friends  prized  his 
victory  the  more  highly  ;  and,  with  that  courtesy  towards  the 
friends  of  Grey  Eagle  which  is  ever  due  from  the  victor  to  the 
vanquished,  they  would  have  been  willing  to  leave  Kentucky, 
perfectly  satisfied  with  his  performance.  But  the  communica- 
tion, above  referred  to,  leaves  but  one  course  to  the  owner  of 
Wagner.  He  is  willing  to  run  him  against  Grey  Eagle,  or  any 
other  horse  in  the  United  States,  four-mile  heats,  for  $10,000,  or 
any  amount  above  that  sum.  This  offer  is  made  with  no  dis- 
position to  detract  from  the  reputation  of  the  game  and  gallant 
Grey  Eagle,  but  solely  on  account  of  justice  to  Wagner,  who 


268  THE   HORSE. 

lias  been  placed  in  a  situation  by  sotne  of  the  friends  of  Grey 
Eagle  that  leaves  no  alternative." 

The  article  just  quoted  made  its  appearance  in  the  "•'  Journal " 
on  the  morning  of  the  second  race,  which  we  are  about  to  de- 
scribe ;  but  the  friends  of  Grey  Eagle  were  prepared  to  see  it. 
If  we  are  not  very  much  mistaken,  it  was  read  to  its  owner,  as 
it  was  to  several  of  his  friends,  two  days  before  its  publication, 
but  was  delayed  in  the  hope  that  Grey  Eagle's  friends  would 
contradict  the  statement  alluded  to.  In  the  mean  time  both 
horses  were  got  in  order  to  make  another  race.  We  saw  both 
immediately  after  their  first  race,  and  on  the  following  moi'n- 
ing ;  both  recovered  well,  and  Grey  Eagle  especially  so,  exhib- 
iting very  little  stiffness  or  soreness.  They  improved  from  that 
time  up  to  Saturday  morning,  and  we  never  saw  two  high-met- 
tled racers  in  finer  condition  than  they  were  when  stripjDcd  to 
run  their  second  race. 

In  anticiiDation  of  a  race,  which,  for  severity  and  interest, 
would  throw  their  first  in  the  shade,  both  j^arties  were  wide 
awake  to  secure  every  honorable  advantage  within  their  reach. 
"Wagner's  rider,  Cato,  had  become  free  about  the  time  of  the 
first  race ;  if  he  rode  the  second  as  well  as  he  did  the  first, 
many  were  the  odd  twenties  and  fifties  he  was  promised.  Ste- 
phen Welch,  Grey  Eagle's  jockey  in  his  first  race,  weighing 
but  82  lbs.,  the  managers  of  the  horse  endeavored  to  find  a 
rider  nearer  up  to  his  proper  weight,  100  lbs.  The  only  one 
on  the  ground  preferable  to  their  own,  was  Mr.  McCargo's 
Archer,  a  very  capital  rider,  with  a  good  seat,  a  steady  hand, 
and  a  cool  head.  Mr.  McCargo  having  no  interest  whatever  in 
the  race,  at  once  placed  Archer's  services  at  the  disposal  of 
Grey  Eagle's  friends ;  but  as  his  doing  so  might  possibly  place 
him  in  a  position  of  great  delicacy  and  embarrassment,  at  his 
own  request  they  relieved  him  from  it,  and  concluded  to  put  uj) 
Stephen  Welch  again,  whose  only  fault  was  that  there  was  not 
enough  of  him  ! 

After  the  race  on  Monday,  the  topic  of  conversation  in 
every  circle  was  the  prospect  of  a  second  one  between  the 
rival  champions.  The  Wagner  party  were  not  anxious  for  a 
race,  but  they  would  not  avoid  one  ;  their  horse  had  not  only 
realized  their  expectations,  but  had  exceeded  their  most  san- 


THE    SECOND   RACE.  269 

guine  hopes,  and  tliey  were  prepared  to  back  liim  to  "  the 
size  of  their  pile."  And  well  did  that  noble  son  of  a  worthy 
sire  justify  the  high  opinion  of  his  friends — a  small  circle,  it  is 
true,  but  they  were  stanch  and  true  ;  and  when  it  came  to 
"  putting  up  the  mopusses,"  there  were  enough  of  them  to  "  suit 
customers  "  and  no  mistake !  The  friends  of  Grey  Eagle  had 
every  reason  to  be  proud  of  the  first  performance  of  their 
horse,  and  they  Avere  so.  He  was  the  first  discoverer  of  "  the 
Forties  "  in  a  four-mile  race,  ever  bred  in  Kentucky,  and  he  had 
explored  the  degrees  of  pace  to  the  latitude  of  44,  below  the 
Equator !  All  this  he  had  done  as  an  untried  four-year-old, 
and  if  his  friends  backed  him  with  less  confidence  now,  it  was 
on  account  of  the  severe  race  he  had  made  five  days  previous. 
He  was  in  fine  health,  and  his  look  and  action  indicated  all  the 
spirit  and  courage  of  a  game-cock,  but  it  was  thought  physical- 
ly impossible  for  him  to  make  such  another  race  as  his  first  in 
the  same  week.  The  betting  consequently  settled  down  at  two 
and  three  to  one  on  "Wagner. 

It  will  naturally  be  supposed  that  the  rumor  of  o.  seco7id  ionv- 
mile  race  between  these  two  cracks,  attracted  an  immense  crowd 
of  spectators.  Many  persons  came  down  from  Cincinnati,  while 
the  citizens  of  Lexington,  Frankfort,  Georgetown,  and  the  circle 
of  towns  for  fifty  miles  about  Louisville,  turned  out  in  great 
numbers.  Again  the  city  was  crowded,  and  on  the  morning  of 
the  race  every  carriage  and  horse  in  town  was  in  requisition. 
Many  were  glad  to  get  out  to  the  course  and  call  it  "  riding," 
when  jolting  along  in  a  bone-setter,  compared  with  which  rid- 
ing on  a  white-oak  rail  would  be  fun !  Again  the  ladies  turned 
out  en  masse,  to  grace  the  scene  with  their  radiant  beauty,  and 
"lend  enchantment  to  the  view"  of  the  race — and  themselves. 

The  jockeys  having  received  their  instructions  from  the 
judges,  "  mounted  in  hot  haste,"  Cato  on  "Wagner,  and  Stephen 
Welch  on  Grey  Eagle.  The  third  entry  was  Messrs.  Viley  & 
"Ward's  Emily  Johnson — own  sister  to  Singleton,  and  half  sister 
to  Mistletoe — a  four-year-old  bay  filly  by  Bertrand,  out  of 
Black-eyed  Susan,  She  was  not  in  prime  fit,  and  could  not, 
therefore,  live  in  such  a  crowd. 


270  THE  HORSE. 


THE  EACE. 


At  the  word  "  Go,"  Wagner  went  off  with  the  lead  at  about 
three  parts  speed,  Emily  laying  second,  and  all  three  under  a 
strong  pull.  Grey  Eagle's  long,  steady  stride,  after  getting  into 
straight  work  going  doM^n  the  hack  stretch,  soon  brought  him 
up  with  the  field,  and  opposite  the  Oakland  House — about  300 
yards  beyond  the  half-mile  post — the  three  were  lapped.  Tlie 
pace  now  improved  ;  Grey  Eagle  drew  out  at  the  last  turn,  but 
Wagner  having  the  inside,  and  beginning  to  get  warm,  made 
sharp  running  up  the  stretch  to  the  stand,  and  on  the  next  turn 
came  out  clear  in  front.  Down  the  back  stretch  they  each  kept 
up  a  good  racing  stroke,  but  at  the  Oakland  House  Grey  Eagle 
increased  his  stride  and  locked  Wagner ;  as  neither  was  yet 
called  upon,  a  very  fair  view  was  had  of  their  relative  rate  of 
going  ;  Grey  Eagle  led  down  to  the  head  of  the  stretch  and  up 
to  the  stand  by  half  a  length,  and  immediately  after  came  in 
front.  He  carried  on  the  running  two  lengths  in  advance  to 
near  the  termination  of  the  mile,  when  Wagner  got  a  hint 
to  extend  himself;  without  lapping  him,  Wagner  waited  ujDon 
him  close  up,  and  opposite  the  Oakland  House  made  his  run ; 
the  rally  that  ensued  was  a  very  brilliant  affair,  but  Grey  Eagle 
outfooted  him  in  one  hundred  yards,  and  drew  out  clear  amidst 
tremendous  cheers  from  all  parts  of  the  course.  The  instant 
Wagner  declined,  Emily  took  his  place,  lapping  the  gray  as 
they  swung  round  the  turn.  But  Wagner  had  yet  another  run 
left,  and  they  had  no  sooner  got  into  the  quarter-stretch  than 
Cato  set  to  work  with  him.  Grey  Eagle  had  been  able  to  pull 
to  Emily,  and  accordingly  when  Wagner,  by  an  extraordinary 
effort,  reached  him,  half  way  up  the  stretch,  he  was  able  to 
outfoot  him  a  second  time,  and  came  away  home  a  gallant  win- 
ner by  nearly  a  length,  Emily  having  the  second  place,  amidst 
the  waving  of  hats  and  handkerchiefs,  and  tumultuous  cheers, 
that  would  well  nigh  have  drowned  the  roar  of  Niagara  !  The 
first  mile  was  run  in  2.05 — the  second  in  1.55 — the  third  in 
1:56 — the  fourth  in  1.55  ;  making  the  time  of  the  heat  7.51. 

The  heartfelt  gratification  and  rapture  exhibited  at  the  close 
of  the  heat  by  the  assembled  thousands,  knew  no  bounds. 
Kentucky's  most  distinguished  sons,  and  her  loveliest  daughters, 


THE    SECOND    HEAT.  271 

felt  .alike  interested,  and  Grey  Eagle's  success  was  enjoyed  as  if 
each  was  personally  concerned.  The  odds,  from  being  two  and 
three  to  one  in  favor  of  "Wagner,  now  changed,  and  Grey  Eagle 
had  the  call  at  four  to  three.  Considerable  sums  were  staked, 
as  Garrison  declared  "  the  old  sorrel  stud "  had  sulked,  but 
would  show  his  hand  the  next  heat.  The  fact  was,  Grey  Eagle 
for  the  first  time  had  been  properly  managed ;  instead  of  run- 
ning tlie  whole  last  half  mile,  he  had  taken  advantage  of  the 
ground,  and  made  his  first  run  down  the  descent  from  the  Oak- 
land House  to  the  head  of  the  stretch,  and  then  being  braced 
up  for  three  hundred  yards,  which  allowed  him  time  to  recover 
his  wind,  he  was  able  to  come  again  and  make  a  second  rally, 
as  brilliant  as  the  first.  As  we  before  remarked,  we  think  Wag- 
ner could  beat  Grey  Eagle  by  a  desperate  rush  for  six  hundred 
yards  at  the  heel  of  a  very  fast  lieat,  but  not  over  a  head  and 
shoulders  at  that ;  wiiile  Grey  Eagle  had  so  much  more  speed, 
tliat  in  a  brush  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  yards  he  could  let  in 
the  daylight  between  them.  With  so  light  and  feeble  a  rider 
as  Stephen  on  his  back,  it  was  impossible  to  place  Grey  Eagle 
exactly  as  his  managers  would  have  liked,  though  he  is  a  fine- 
tempered  horse,  and  runs  kindly  ;  the  result  of  the  race,  we 
trust,  will  be  a  caution  to  them  hereafter,  how  they  venture  in 
a  race  of  so  much  importance  without  providing  that  most  in- 
dispensable of  requisites  to  success — a  suitable  jockey. 

Both  horses  perspired  freely,  and  in  much  less  time  than 
could  have  been  expected  they  cooled  out  finely  ;  neither  hung 
out  a  signal  of  distress,  but  came  up  for  the  second  heat  with 
distended  nostrils  and  eyes  of  fire,  betokening  the  most  un- 
flinching courage. 

At  the  tap  of  the  drum  the  horses  were  hardly  in  motion, 
and  Cato  drew  his  whip  on  Wagner  the  very  first  jump.  The 
pace  was  little  better  than  a  hand  gallop  for  the  first  half  mile, 
but  as  Wagner  led  past  the  entrance  gate,  Gooding  bid  him 
"  go  along,"  and  he  increased  his  rate.  Stephen  seeing  this,  let 
the  gray  out  a  link,  and  in  going  down  the  descending  ground 
below  the  Oakland  House,  went  up  on  the  inside  so  suddenly, 
that  he  had  locked  Wagner  before  Cato  was  aware  of  his  close 
proximity.  The  run  up  the  quarter  stretch  was  a  pretty  fast 
thing,  though  neither   was   doing  his  best;   the  time   of  the 


272  THE    HOESE. 

mile  was  2.08.  The  crowd  cheered  them  as  tliey  ran  lapped 
past  the  stand,  at  which  Grey  Eagle  pricked  up  his  ears 
and  set  to  work  in  earnest,  shaking  off  Wagner  at  the  next 
turn.  The  race  had  now  commenced  ;  Stephen  braced  his  horse 
as  well  as  he  was  able,  and  kept  him  up  to  his  rate  down  the 
entire  length  of  the  back  stretch.  At  tlie  Oakland  House  Gate 
again  called  on  Wagner,  and  steel  and  catgut  came  into  j^laj. 
The  galhint  gray  led  clear  to  the  turn,  and  half  way  uj)  the 
sti'etch,  Stephen  beginning  to  use  his  whip-hand,  and  to  give 
the  nonpareil  under  him  an  occasional  eye-opener  with  the  spur. 
This  mile  was  run  in  1.52.  They  passed  the  stand  neck  and 
neck,  Emily  being  already  nearly  out  of  Iier  distance.  From 
the  stand  to  the  first  turn  the  ground  is  descending,  and  here 
almost  invariably  Grey  Eagle  gained  upon  Wagner,  who  kept 
up  one  steady  stride  from  end  to  end,  without  flinching  or  fal- 
tering, and  able  always  to  do  a  little  more  when  persuaded  by 
the  cold  steel  with  which  Cato  plied  him  ever  and  anon  through- 
out the  heat.  We  said  they  passed  the  stand  on  the  second  mile 
neck  and  neck ;  when  they  reached  the  turn  Grey  Eagle  had 
got  in  front,  but  no  sooner  had  they  come  into  straight  work  on 
the  back  side,  than  Wagner  made  a  most  determined  challenge 
and  locked  him  ;  the  contest  was  sj^lendid,  and  was  maintained 
with  unflincliing  game  and  spirit;  at  the  end  of  TOO  yards, 
however.  Grey  Eagle  had  the  best  of  it,  for  in  spite  of  Cato's 
most  desperate  efforts  Wagner  could  only  reach  Stephen's  knee; 
Grey  Eagle  seemed  able,  after  a  brush  of  one  hundred  yards,  to 
come  again  with  renewed  vigor,  if  well  braced,  for  a  dozen 
strides.  Down  the  descent  on  the  last  half  mile  Grey  Eagle 
maintained  his  advantage,  but  on  ascending  towards  the  stand 
Wagner's  strength  told,  and  they  came  through  under  whip  and 
spur,  Wagner  having  his  head  and  neck  in  front,  running  this 
mile  in  1.55.  Stephen  was  here  instructed  to  take  a  strong  pull 
on  his  horse,  and  to  '•'-keep  him  moving,^''  while  "ram  the  spurs 
into  him^^  were  the  orders  to  Cato.  The  result  was,  that  Wag- 
ner came  in  front,  and  the  pace  down  the  entire  back  stretch 
was  tremendous,  both  being  kept  up  to  their  rate  by  the  most 
terrible  punishment.  Unfortunately,  Stephen  was  directed  to 
"  take  the  trach^^  about  opposite  the  Oakland  House,  instead  of 
putting  the  issue  on  a  brush  up  the  last  200  yards  of  the  heat. 


THE   THIRD   HEAT.  273 

Too  soon  the  gallant  Grey  was  called  upon,  but  true  as  steel  the 
noble  animal  responded  to  it.  With  the  most  dauntless  courage 
he  made  his  run  down  the  descending  ground,  and  though  Wag- 
ner, like  the  bravest  of  the  brave,  as  he  is,  made  the  most  despe- 
rate efforts,  Grey  Eagle  came  round  the  last  turn  on  the  outside, 
with  his  head  and  shoulders  in  front,  at  a  fiiglit  of  speed  we 
never  saw  equalled.  Both  jockeys  were  nearly  faint  with  their 
exertions,  and  Stephen,  poor  fellow,  lost  his  presence  of  mind. 
Up  to  the  distance  stand  it  was  impossible  to  say  which  was 
ahead ;  whips  and  spurs  had  been  in  constant  requisition  the 
entire  mile,  but  at  this  moment  Stephen  gave  up  his  pull,  and 
unconsciously  yawed  his  horse  across  the  track,  which  broke 
him  off  his  stride,  while  Cato,  holding  Wagner  well  together, 
and  mercilessly  dashing  in  his  spurs,  at  length  brought  him 
through  a  gallant  winner  by  a  neck,  having  run  the  last  mile  in 
1.48,  and  the  heat  in  7.43  ! 

This  was  without  exception  the  most  game  and  spirited  race 
we  ever  witnessed.  The  heat  was  Wagner's,  and  while  we  ac- 
cord to  him  all  the  reputation  so  brilliantly  won  after  a  bloody 
struggle  of  near  three  miles,  we  feel  bound  to  express  the  be- 
lief, that  for  an  untried  four-year-old.  Grey  Eagle's  perform- 
ance is  without  a  parallel  in  the  annals  of  the  American  Turf ! 
The  last  three  miles  of  a  second  heat,  in  a  second  four-mile  race 
the  same  week,  were  run  in  5.35,  and  the  eighth  mile  in  1.48 ! 

The  enthusiasm  of  the  spectators  was  now  excited  to  the 
highest  pitch.  There  was  not  on  the  ground,  probably,  an  in- 
dividual who  would  not  have  been  pleased  to  see  the  horses 
withdrawn,  and  the  purse  divided  between  them,  rather  than 
farther  task  the  indomitable  game  and  courage  of  these  noble 
animals  ;  but  no  such  proposition  was  made,  and  after  the  usual 
respite  they  were  brought  to  the  post  a  third  time,  and  it  would 
have  been  difficult  to  decide  which  had  recovered  best.  So 
much  feeling  was  manifested  in  reference  to  the  horses,  that  the 
baser  impulses  to  bet  on  the  result  of  the  concluding  heat  were 
almost  entirely  disregarded  ;  odds,  however,  were  in  a  few  in- 
stances offered  on  Wasner. 

In  detailing  the  contest  for  the  third  heat,  we  are  compelled 
to  record 

"  A  few  of  the  unpleasantest  words 
That  e'er  man  writ  on  paper  .'  " 

Vol.  L— 18 


274  THE   HOESE. 

At  the  word  "  Go,"  tliey  broke  off  with  a  racing  stride, 
Wagner  taking  the  lead  by  about  two  lengths ;  the  pace  was 
moderate,  for  Stephen  on  Grey  Eagle  was  expressly  charged  to 
pull  him  steady,  and  wait  for  orders.  "Wagner  accordingly  led 
with  an  easy  stroke  through  the  first  mile,  and  being  cheered  as 
he  passed  the  stand,  he  widened  the  gap  soon  after  to  four  or 
five  lengths.  At  the  half-mile  post  Grey  Eagle  made  play, 
and  had  nearly  closed  the  gap  as  they  came  023posite  the  Oak- 
land House,  when  he  suddenly  faltered  as  if  shot,  and  after 
limping  a  step  or  two,  abruj)tly  stopped  !  "  Grey  Eagle  has  let 
down  !  "  was  the  cry  on  all  hands,  and  when  the  sj)ectators  be- 
came aware  of  the  truth  of  the  painful  announcement,  the  tear- 
ful eyes  of  a  radiant  host  of  Kentucky's  daughters,  and  the 
heartfelt  sorrow  depicted  in  the  countenance  of  her  sons,  indi- 
cated the  sincerity  of  the  sympathy  with  which  they  regarded 
the  untimely  accident  to  their  game  and  gallant  champion  ?  It 
was  supposed,  on  a  hasty  examination,  that  Grey  Eagle  had 
given  way  in  the  back  sinews  of  his  left  fore  leg,  but  it  has 
since  been  ascertained  that  the  injury  was  in  the  coffin  joint. 
Mr.  Burbridge  on  the  instant  tightly  bandaged  the  leg  with  a 
stout  strip  of  dry  canvas,  which  being  kept  wet,  would  have 
prevented  the  horse  from  coming  down  on  his  pastern  joints 
even  had  his  leaders  given  way.  A  fortnight  after  the  race 
the  horse  promised  to  recover  perfectly ;  Mr.  Shotwell  informed 
us  that  the  ankle  and  joint  were  a  little  swollen,  but  that  neither 
the  horse's  pastern  nor  cannon  bones  were  affected,  and  his 
leaders  were  as  sound  as  ever.  We  doubt,  however,  whether 
he  will  ever  stand  another  training;  a  slight  wrench  would 
render  him  as  lame  as  ever.  We  need  not  add,  that,  while  his 
owners  and  managers  have  the  cordial  sympathy  of  their 
friends,  and  the  Sporting  World  generally,  there  is  no  one 
"  with  soul  so  dead  "  as  to  withhold  the  expression  of  their  ad- 
miration of  the  gallant  gray,  and  their  heartiest  wishes  for  his 
speedy  recovery. 

Soon  after  Grey  Eagle  was  stopped,  Cato  pulled  Wagner  out 
of  his  stride,  and  galloped  him  slowly  round.  The  intelHgence 
of  the  High  Mettled  Racer  was  clearly  indicated  by  Wagner's 
subsequent  action ;  from  the  head  of  the  stretch  home  he  inva- 
riably went  at  a  racing  pace,  and  appeared  as  if  he  did  not 


GKEY  EAGLE  BREAKS  DOWN. 


275 


know  what  was  required  of  him,  frequently  bursting  off  in 
spite  of  his  rider.  On  the  fourth  mile,  as  he  passed  his  own 
stable,  the  rubbers  and  riders  standing  on  its  roof  gave  him  a 
hearty  cheer,  and  the  gallant  horse  broke  off,  and  in  spite  of 
Cato's  utmost  exertions,  ran  at  the  very  top  of  his  speed  for  near- 
ly 500  yards,  as  if  plied  with  steel  and  whalebone  the  whole 
way !  We  never  saw  a  more  magnificent  exhibition  of  un- 
flinching game ;  even  the  friends  of  Grey  Eagle  forgot  their  dis- 
tress for  a  moment,  in  doing  justice  by  a  cheer  to  the  gallant 
and  victorious  champion  of  Louisiana  !     Recapitulation  ; — 

Saturday,  Oct.  5. — Jockey  Club  purse,  $1,500,  conditions  as  before,  four-mile  heats. 
Jas.  S.  Garrison's,  John  Campbell's,  ch.  h.  Wagner,  by  Sir  Charles,  out  of  Maria  West, 

by  Marion,  5  years,       .........    Cato.    311 

A.  L.  Shotwell's  gr.  c.  Grey  Eagle,  by  Woodpecker,  out  of  Ophelia,  by  Wild  Medley, 

4  years,        .........    Stephen  Welch.    12* 

Willa  Viley's  b.  f.  Emily  Johnson,  own  sister  to  Singleton,  by  Bertrand,  out  of  Black- 
Eyed  Susan,  by  Tiger,  4  years,  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .2    dist 

Time,  7.51 — 7.43 — third  heat,  no  time  kept.    *  Grey  Eagle  gave  way  in  second  mile. 

For  more  convenient  reference,  we  repeat  the  time  of  each 
mile  in  tabular  form ; — 


FIBST  HEAT. 

1st  mile 2.05 

2d  mile        1.55 

3d  mile 1.56 

4th  mile 1.55 

7.51 
American  Turf  Register,  vol.  II.,  p.  119. 


SECOND  HEAT. 

1st  mile 2.08 

2d  mile 1.52 

3d  mile 1.55 

4th  mile 1.48 


7.43 


THIRD  HEAT. 

No  time  kept,  as  Grey  Eagle 
gave  way  in  running  the  second 
mile. 


The  event  of  this  race  is  one  of  the  things  which  lead  me 
to  deprecate  the  extremity  to  which  four-mile  heat  racing  is 
carried  in  America. 

That  such  races  test  to  the  utmost  the  pluck,  the  endurance, 
and  the  powers  of  the  blood-horse,  is  granted.  That  they  must 
kill,  at  last,  is  certain. 

The  question  is  this  ;  Cannot  a  horse's  game,  his  endurance, 
and  his  speed  be  tested,  short  of  destroying  his  physical  ability 
ever  to  prove  them  more  ? 

Tliere  must  be  a  limit  even  to  the  wear  of  a  machine.  I  do 
think  that  such  exhibitions  as  the  twenty-mile  race,  from  the  ef- 
fects of  which  one  mare  died,  and,  probably,  not  one  fully  recov- 
ered— as  "Wagner's  and  Grey  Eagle's  two  four-mile  races  within 
five  days,  and  other  similar  performances — are  to  be  honored  in 
the  avoidance,  not  the  imitation. — H.  W.  H. 


PEDIGREE, 

CHARACTERISTICS,   AND  PERFORMANCES  OF  BOSTON. 

Boston  was  bred  by  the  late  John  "Wickham,  Esq.,  of  Rich- 
mond, Ya.,  the  eminent  jurisconsult,  and  was  foaled  in  Henrico 
County,  in  1833.  He  was  got  by  the  celebrated  Timoleon,  out 
of  Robin  Brown's  dam — an  own  sister  to  Tuckahoe,  also  bred 
by  Mr.  W. — by  Ball's  Elorizel,  her  dam  by  Imp.  Alderman,  out 
of  a  mare  by  Imp.  Clockfast — her  grandam  by  Symmes'  "Wild- 
air.  Young  Kitty  Fisher,  by  imp.  Fearnought ;  Carter  Brox- 
ton's  imp.  Kitty  Fisher,  by  Cade,  by  Cullin's  Arabian ;  Bald 
Charlotte,  by  Old  Royal,  by  Bethel's  Castaway,  by  Brimmer. 
For  a  detailed  memoir  and  a  portrait  of  Boston,  see  the 
old  "  Spirit  of  the  Times,"  of  March  Tth,  1810.  Boston  was 
sold  by  Mr.  "Wickham,  in  his  2  yr.  old  form  to  Mr.  Nathaniel 
Rives,  of  Richmond,  Ya.,  for  $800,  and  was  trained  in  1836-7, 
by  Capt.  John  Belcher,  who  had  charge  of  one  "  cavalry 
corps  "  from  Col.  Johnson's  stable,  while  Arthur  Taylor  had 
another.  Cornelius,  a  colored  lad,  was  Boston's  jockey  up  to 
2Tth  April,  1839.  Ever  since  the  Spring  campaign  of  1838, 
Boston  has  been  trained  by  Arthur  Taylor  and  ridden  by  Gil. 
Patrick,  until  this  Spring,  when  Craig  took  Gil.'s  place,  the 
latter  having  gone  to  Kentucky  to  ride  several  important  races, 
all  of  which  he  won.  In  May,  1839,  after  the  1st  heat  of  his 
race  against  Decatur  and  Yashti,  Boston  was  sold  to  Mr.  James 
Long,  of  "Washington  City,  for  $12,000  and  half  of  the  purse, 
and  he  is  still  owned  by  Mr.  L.  and  Col.  "Wm.  R.  Johnson,  of 
Petersburg,  Ya. 

Boston  is  a  chestnut,  with  white  stockings  on  both  hind  feet, 
and  a  white  stripe  down  the  face.  In  other  respects  than  color 
and  marks,  Boston   closely  resembles  the  British  phenomenon, 


PEEFOEMANCES   OF  BOSTON.  277 

Harkaway.  They  have  alike  prodigious  depth  of  chest,  and  im- 
mensely powerful  loins,  thighs,  and  hocks.  Boston  is  a  trifle  only 
above  15|  hands  high,  under  the  standard,  but  to  the  eye  seems 
taller,  owing  to  his  immense  substance ;  he  is  a  short-limbed 
horse,  with  a  barrel  rather  flat,  or  "  slab-sided  "  than  round, 
and  well-ribbed  home,  while  his  back  is  a  prodigy  of  strength  ; 
ten  pounds  extra  weight  would  hardly  "  set  him  back  any." 
Though  he  has  occasionally  sulked,  Boston  runs  on  his  courage, 
and  is  never  ridden  with  spurs.  He  is  no  beauty,  his  neck  and 
head  being  unsightly,  while  his  hips  are  ragged,  rendering  him 
"  a  rum  'un  to  look  at ; "  that  he  is  "  a  good'  im  to  go,"  however, 
we  imagine  will  be  generally  conceded  after  reading  the  annexed 
recapitulation  of 

HIS   PEEFOEMANCES. 
1836. 

April  20.  Broad  Rock,  Va Sweeepstakes.. Mile  heats lost        % 

Boston,  3  yrs.  old,  bolted  in  the  first  heat,  when  running  ahead. 
Oct.  12.  Petersburg,  Va Purse Two-mile  heats won  300 

Beating  N.  Biddle,  Mary  Archie,  Juliana,  John  Floyd,  and  ch.  f.  by  Henry. 

Nov.  3.  Hanover,  C.  H.,  Va Purse Three-mile  heats won  400 

Beating  Betsey  Minge,  Upton  Heath,  Nick  Biddle,  Alp,  Bayard,  and  a 
Gohanna  filly. 

1837. 

May  4.  "Washington  City Purse Three-mile  heats won  500 

Beating  Norwood,  Mary  Selden,  Meteor,  Lydia,  bro.  to  Virginia  Graves. 
Oct.  5.  Washington  City Purse Three-mile  heats won  500 

Beating  Prince  George,  Stockton,  Mary  Selden,  Virginia  Graves,  Caroline 
Snowdcn,  and  Leesburg,  in  5.50 — 5.52. 
Oct.  19.  Baltimore,  Md Purse Three-mile  heats won  500 

Beating  Camsidel,  Cippus,  and  Bed  Kat,  in  5.51 — 6.08. 
Oct.  26.  Camden,  N.  J Purse Three-mile  heats won  500 

Beating  Betsey,  Andrew  and  Tipton,  in  5.51 — 6.02. 

1838. 
May  3.  Union  Course,  L.  I Purse Three-mile  heats won  500 

Boston,  now  5  yrs.  old,  walked  over. 

May  18.  Beacon  Course,  N.  J. ..Purse .,  ..Four-mile  heats won        1,000 

Beating  Dosoris,  without  extending  himself. 

May  25.  Camden,  N.  J. Purse Four-mile  heats won         1,000 

Beating  Decatur,  who  had  just  distanced  Fanny  Wyatt,  in  a  match  for 
$10,000,  in  7.45,  at  "Washington. 

June  1.  Union  Course,  L.  I Purse Four-mile  heats won         1,000 

Beating  Charles  Carter,  who  broke  down,  in  7.40— the  first  three  miles  run 
in5.36J!II 

June  8.  Beacon  Course,  N.  J.. ..Purse Four-mile  heats won        1,000 

Beating  Duano,  who  won  the  first  heat,  in  7.52—7.54—8.30.    B.  sulked. 


278  THE   H0E8E. 

Oct.  4.  PetQTsburg,  Va Purse Four-mile  heats won         $700 

Beating  Polly  Green  in  a  canter. 
Oct.  13.  Baltimore,  Md Purse Four-mile  heats won  700 

Beating  Balie  Peyton,  who  had  won  a  heat  from  Duane  in  7.42. 
Oct.  19.  Baltimore,  Md Purse Four-mile  heats rec.  500 

Boston  was  paid  $500  out  of  the  pnrse  not  to  start. 
Oct.  27.  Camden,  N.  J Purse Four-mile  heats rec.  500 

Boston  was  paid  $500  out  of  the  purse  not  to  start. 
Nov.  2.  Union  Course,  L.  I Purse Four-mile  heats won         1,000 

Beating  Decatur  with  ease  in  8.00 — 7.57}. 
Nov.  9.  Beacon  Course,  N.  J. ...Purse Four-mile  heats won        1,000 

Beating  Decatur.    This  year  B.  won  nine  Jockey  Club  Purses,  and  received 
$1,000  more  for  not  starting. 

1839. 

April  16.  Petersburg,  Va Match Two-mile  heats lost. 

Beaten  by  Portsmouth,  in  3.50—3.48."  B.  being  off  his  foot. 
April  27.  Broad  Rock,  Va Purse Three-mile  heats won  500 

Beating  Lady  Clifden  and  Brocklesby  in  5.46  with  ease— the  best  time  ever 
mado  on  this  course. 
May  9.  Washington  City Purse Four-mile  heats won  800 

Beating  Tom  Walker,  Black  Knight,  Eeliance,  and  Sam  Brown,  in  7.53 — 
8.06. 
May  24.  Camden,  N.  J Purse Four-mile  heats won         1,000 

Boston,  now  6  yrs.,  walked  over,  though  several  "cracks"  wore  on  the 
ground. 
May  31.  Trenton,  N.  J Purse Four-mile  heats won         1,000 

Beating  Decatur  and  Vashti  with  ease.    V.  had  just  won  a  2d  heat  in  7.46. 
June  7.  Union  Course,  L.I Purse Four-mile  heats won         1,000 

Beating  Decatur  and  Balie  Peyton  cleverly  in  7.47 — 8.02. 
Sept.  26.  Petersburg,  Va P.    and   Stake.... Four-mile  heats won         7,000 

Beating  The  Queen  and  Omega  in  8.02 — 7.52 — best  time  made  on  the  course 
to  this  date. 
Oct.  17.  Camden,  N.  J P.    and   Stake.... Four-mile  heats won         7,000 

Beating  Omega  in  7.49.    O.  had  won  a  heat  at  "Washington  in  7.40  1 
Oct.  23.  Trenton,  N.  J Purse Four-mile  heats won         1,000 

Beating  Decatur  and  Master  Henry  in  7.57 — 7.56. 

1840. 

May  1.  Petersburg,  Va Purse Four-mile  heats won  700 

Beating  Andrewetta,  who  won  the  1st  heat,  in  7.50— 8.04— the  best  time  ever 
made  on  the  course. 
May  8.  Washington  City Purse Four-mile  heats won         1,000 

Beating  Eeliance  and  Cippus  without  a  straggle. 
Misy  22.  Camden,  N.  J.  Jockey  Club  Purse.  .Four-mile  heats won       1,000 

Boston  walked  o.ver.    Bandit  was  entered,  but  withdrawn. 
Oct.  2.  Petersburg,  Va Purse Four-mile  heats won  700 

Beating  Bandit,  who  was  drawn  after  tst  heat,  in  7.57. 
Oct.  8.  Broad  Rock,  Va Purse Three-mile  heats won  500 

Beating  Texas,  Balie  Peyton,  and  Laneville,  in  5.56 — 5.49. 
Dec.  7.  Augusta,  Ga Match Four-mile  heats won      10,000 

Beating  Gano  in  a  gallop  in  7.57,  after  which  G.  was  drawn. 
Dec.  17.  Augusta,  Ga Purse Four-mile  heats won  800 

Beating  Santa  Anna  and  Omega  in  7.59—7.49. 


WINOTNGS  OF  BOSTON.  279 

1841. 

In  the  Spring  Boston  stood  at  Chesterfield,  Va.,  and  covered  42  mares 

at  $100  each. 
Sept.  30.  Petersburg,  Va Purse Four-mile  heats won  TOO 

Beating  Texas  without  an  effort 
Oct.  8.  Alexandria,  D.  C Purse Four-mile  heats won  800 

Boston  walked  over  though  several  cracks  were  present. 
Oct.  15.  "Washington  City Purse Four-mile  heats won  800 

Beating  Accident,  Ned  Hazard,  and  Greenhill  with  ease. 
Oct.  21.  Baltimore,  Md Purse Four-mile  heats won  600 

Beating  Mariner,  who  won  1st  heat  in  8.00^—8.05— 8.10— course  very  heavy. 

Oct.  28.  Camden,  N.  J Purse Four-mile  heats lost 

Distanced  by  John  Blount  and  Fashion  in  7.42 — Blount  broke  down  in  2d  heat,  which 

was  won  by  Fashion  in  7.4S.     Boston  dead  amiss,  unable  to  run  a  mile  under  2.10. 

In  1&42,  started  live  times ;  won  three ;  lost  two. 

May  1-3,  Union  Course,  L.  I.,  purse,  four  mile  heats 1,000 

May  26,  Camden,  N.  J.,  purse,  four-mile  heats 800 

Oct.  21,  Baltimore,  Md.,  purse,  four-mile  heats 600 

In  1843,  started  once,  and  won. 
Sept.  28,  Petersburg,  Va.,  ^mrse,  three-mile  heats 800 

Started  45  times,  won  40,  lost  5;  total  winnings S51,200 

Thirty  of  these  races  at  four-mile  heats,  five  he  walked  for ;  nine  three-mile  heats,  walked  for 
one ;  and  one  at  two-mile  heats. 

It  is  due  to  Boston  to  state,  that  in  his  four-year-old  form  he 
was  prevented  from  starting  for  the  large  purses  offered  for  four- 
mile  heats,  by  being  in  the  same  stable  with  Atalanta,  Lady  Clif- 
den,  Argyle  and  Mary  Blunt.  And  it  is  no  less  due  to  him  than 
to  his  liberal  and  high-spirited  owners  to  add,  that  from  a  regard 
to  the  best  interests  of  the  Turf,  they  have  frequently  allowed 
him  to  remain  in  his  stable,  when  by  starting  him  they  could 
have  taken  the  purses  without  an  effort.  Boston,  after  his  match 
with  Gano,  at  Augusta,  could  have  won  a  Jockey  Club  purse 
there,  and  at  Savannah  and  Charleston.  In  the  Spring  of  1840, 
he  started  but  twice,  though  he  could  have  easily  won  every  four- 
mile  purse  given  between  Petersburg  and  Long  Island.  His 
owners,  in  the  latter  instance,  were  personally  appealed  to,  and 
consented  to  send  him  home  from  Washington,  while  one  of  the 
Northern  proprietors  proposed  to  exclude  him  from  running. 
Several  other  occasions  might  be  named  on  which  Boston  has 
been  withdrawn  from  the  contest,  at  the  request  of  the  pro- 
prietors of  courses,  upon  a  representation  that  his  entrance 
would  destroy  the  sport  and  disappoint  the  public. 

Boston  now  at  the  advanced  age  of  eight  years,  after  a  racing 
career  of  unparalleled  severity  is  still  as  sound  as  a  dollar,  with 
legs  as  free  from  blemish  as  a  3  yr.  old.  The  field  of  his  bril- 
liant, never-fading  victories  extends  from  ISTew  York  to  Georgia, 
and  he  has  not  only  beaten,  one  after  another,  every  liorse  within 


280  THE   HOKSE. 

his  reach,  but  he  has  challenged  all  others,  offering  to  meet 
them  on  their  own  ground.  Napoleon  found  a  Waterloo  and 
so  has  Boston,  but  the  latter  is  beaten,  not  defeated  ;  like  the 
former,  it  will  be  found  that  "  he  is  never  more  to  be  feared 
than  in  his  reverses."  When  dead  amiss  he  was  beaten,  it 
is  true ;  the  race  was  a  splendid  one — one  of  the  best  ever 
run  in  America — but  Boston  had  no  part  in  it ;  he  could  not 
have  beaten  a  cocktail  on  that  occasion,  and  instead  of  being 
backed  as  usual  at  "  1,000  to  300,  nineteen  times  over,"  his 
owners  did  not  lay  out  a  dollar  on  him  !  Since  he  was  taken  up 
this  Fall  his  owners  determined  to  give  him  a  trial,  to  see  whe- 
ther his  speed  or  game  had  been  affected  by  his  services  in  the 
breeding  stud.  An  eye-witness  of  this  trial,  who  went  over  two 
hundred  miles  to  see  it,  has  assured  us  that  it  was  not  only  the 
best  trial  Boston  ever  made,  but  it  was  the  best  trial  ever  made 
over  a  course  which  has  been  trained  on  for  half  a  century ! 
Since  that  event,  Boston  has  offered  to  run  four-mile  heats 
"  against  any  two  horses  in  the  world^''  for  $45,000,  which  was 
not  accepted,  and  since  his  defeat  at  Camden,  by  Fashion,  he 
has  challenged  her  to  run  him  next  Spring  for  $20,000.  The 
winner  of  this  match  will  richly  merit  and  most  assuredly  re- 
ceive the  proud  title  of  Champion  of  the  American  Tukf  ;  let 
us  hope,  therefore,  that  each  will  come  to  the  post  in  tip-top 
condition,  and  we  may  confidently  anticipate  witnessing  the  best 
race  without  exception  ever  run  in  America.  * 

Boston's  pedigree  in  extenso^  as  given  in  the  13th  volume 
of  the  "  American  Turf  Register  ;  " — 

1833.  Boston,  ch.,  h.,  by  Timoleon,  out  of  Robin  Brown's 
dam,  own  sister  to  Tuckahoe  and  Revenge,  by  Florizel ;  her 
dam — the  grandam,  too,  of  Luda, — by  English  Alderman  ;  great 
grandam  by  English  Clockfast,  and  her  dam  by  Symme's  Wil- 
dair.  Gr.  grandam  Young  Kitty  Fisher,  by  imp.  Fearnought, 
her  dam  imp.  Kitty  Fisher,  by  Cade — by  Cullen's  Arabian,  Bald 
Charlotte,  by  Old  Royal — by  Bethell's  Castaway,  by  Brimmer. 

1813.  Timoleon,  by  Sir  Archy,  dam  by  English  Saltram. 
grandam  by  Wildair,  &c. — See  Genealogy,  2. 

1805.  Sir  Archy,  by  English  Diomed,  dam  by  English  Rock- 
ingliam,  grandam  Tabitha,  own  sister  to  Miss  Kingsland — out 
of  Pegasus's  dam — by  Trentham. — See  Genealogy,  3. 

*  See  Note  *  on  page  283. 


boston's  ancestry.  281 

1781.  Eockingham,  as  a  race-horse,  the  best  son  of  High- 
flyer— Herod's  best  son — out  of  Purity,  by  Matchem,  &c. 

1780.  Saltram,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Yirago  by  Snap — Eegu- 

lus,  &Q. 

1801.  Florizel,  by  English  Diomed,  dam  by  English  Shark, 
grandam  by  Harris's  Eclipse — son  of  English  Fearnought,  out 
of  English  Stella,  by  Shakspeare — Cassandra,  &c. ; — Fearnought 
— Jolly  Roger,  &c.  Like  English  Eclipse,  Florizel,  in  his  bril- 
liant career,  was  neither  touched  by  whip  nor  spur,  no  competitor 
being  able  to  come  near  him  ;  yet  Sir  Archy  is  regarded  as  the 
best  son  of  Diomed. 

1777.  Diomed,  ch.,  by  Florizel — son  of  Herod — dam  by 
Spectator — Blank — Childers — Miss  Belvoir,  &c. 

1787.  Alderman,  by  Pot8os,  out  of  Lady  Bolingbroke,  by 
Squirrel,  out  of  Herod's  dam,  Cypron,  by  Blaze. 

1774.  Clockfast,  by  Gimcrack,  out  of  Miss  Ingram,  by 
Regains. 

1777.  "Wildair,  Symme's,  by  English  Fearnought,  dam,  by 
English  Jolly  Roger,  out  of  English  Kitty  Fisher,  by  Cade. 

1755.  Fearnought,  by  Regulns — son  of  the  Godolphin  Ara- 
bian— dam  by  Whitenose,  by  Rattle — Darley  Arabian — Bay 
Arabian — Helmsley  Turk,  &c. 

1741.  Jolly  Roger,  by  Roundhead — son  of  Childers, — dam 
by  Partner,  &c. 

Tliose  conversant  with  English  pedigrees,  will  at  once  see 
how  largely  Boston's  blood  partakes  of  that  of  the  Darley  and 
Godolphin  Arabian,  and  of  the  Byerly  Turk,  through  their 
most  renowned  descendants.  Flying  Childers,  Eclipse,  Snap, 
Herod,  Highflyer,  &c.  We  will  here  take  a  review  of  some  of 
these  patriarchs  of  the  Turf  connected  with  Boston's  pedigree, 
and  of  some  others  as  found  in  Fashion's  pedigree. 

It  is  deemed  unnecessary  more  than  to  mention  Childers, 
Eclipse,  and  Highflyer — the  norvpareils  of  their  respective 
eras. 

1718.  Partner,  by  Jig— son  of  the  Byerly  Turk,— dam  by  the 
Curwen  Bay  Barb,  &c.,  succeeded  Flying  Childers  as  the  best 
race-horse  at  Newmarket. 

1734.  Cade,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  out  of  the  famed 


282  THE  H0E8E. 

plate  mare  Eoxana,  by  the  Bald  Galloway,  gained  especial  ce- 
lebrity as  the  sire  to  Match  em. 

1739.  Regulus,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  out  of  the  famous 
Gray  Robinson,  by  the  Bald  Galloway,  was  the  best  race-horse 
of  his  day — the  sire  of  Fearnought,  of  Eclipse's  dam,  and  others 
of  note. 

1748.  Matchem,  the  best  horse  of  his  era,  was  got  by  Cade, 
dam  by  Partner,  &c. 

1749.  Spectator,  by  Crab,  dam  by  Partner  ;  he  was  the  only 
horse,  except  Mirza,  that  beat  Matchem. 

1750.  Snap,  by  Snip — son  of  Childers — dam  by  Fox,  &c., 
was  the  best  race-horse  at  I^ewmarket  succeeding  those  above 
named.  He  twice  beat  Marske,  of  the  same  year,  the  sire  to 
Eclipse  ;  was  distinguished,  too,  for  beauty  and  symmetry,  and 
as  a  stallion  of  the  first  celebrity — sire  of  twenty-one  noted 
brood  mares,  including  the  dams  of  Sir  Peter,  Medley,  Saltram, 
Shark,  &c. 

1758.  Herod,  by  Tartar,  dam  by  Blaze,  &c.  Because  of 
Herod's  renown  on  the  Turf  and  in  the  stud,  no  comment  is  re- 
quired. 

1760.  Gimcrack,  by  Cripple,  out  of  Miss  Elliott,  by  Partner, 
&c.  Of  37  races  he  won  28 — matches  and  plates  to  an  immense 
amount. 

1771.  Shark,  by  Marske,  sire  to  Eclipse,  dam  by  Snap — 
Marlborough — son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian — Natural  Barb 
mare.  This  extraordinary  horse  won  upwards  of  20,000  guineas 
in  stakes,  &c.,  beating  the  best  horses,  Dorimant,  &c. ;  "  equally 
good  for  speed  and  stoutness,  beating  the  best  of  his  contem- 
poraries at  their  own  play."  He  was  sire  to  the  dams  of  Am. 
Florizel,  of  Am,  Maid  of  the  Oaks,  Lady  Lightfoot,  &c. 

1773.  Pot8os,  ch.,  by  Eclipse,  Sport's-mistress,  &c.  He 
was  the  rival  to  Dungannon,  as  the  best  race-horse  of  Eclipse's 
get,  and  to  King  Fergus  as  the  best  stallion.  Lineally,  "Waxy, 
Whalebone,  Camel,  Touchstone,  &c.,  are  descended  from 
PotSos. 

1776.  Medley,  gr.  by  Gimciack,  out  of  sister  to  Sir  Peter's 
dam  by  Snap.  He  was  an  excellent  and  stout  runner,  frequent- 
ly beating  the  celebrities  of  his  day.  But  he  was  most  renowned 
in  the  stud  of  Virginia. 


boston's  ancestry.  283 

1Y7Y.  Diomed,  pedigree  given  above,  being  so  distinguished 
on  both  sides  of  the  Atlantic,  little  more  need  be  said  of  him. 
He  won  the  Derby,  the  Claret,  the  Fortescue  Stakes,  &c.  In 
England  his  blood  has  been  widely  diffused  through  Young 
Giantess,  &c.  As  sire  to  Sir  Archy,  Florizel,  Potomac,  Duroc, 
&c.,  Diomed  has  been  a  Turf  patriarch  in  America  for  more 
than  half  a  century.  Yery  few  race-horses  are  now  on  our 
Turf  that  have  not  some  of  Diomed's  blood. — See  Genealogy,  2. 

1780.  Saltram,  a  favorite  race-horse  of  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
since  George  lY.,  won  the  Derby,  beating  in  his  career  all  com- 
petitors, Dungannon,  Phenomenon,  &c.,  and  was  beat  but  once, 
when  Dungannon  won. 

1781.  This  year  produced  Eockingham  and  Miss  Eangsland 
— see  Sir  Archy's  pedigree  above — the  best  race-horses  of  their 
year.    Kockingham  won  thirty-two  prizes. 

178i.  Citizen,  by  Pacolet,  out  of  Princess,  by  Turk.  Citizen 
was  a  good  and  stout  runner. 

EDITORIAL  KOTE. 

*  (P.  280.)  As  stated  elsewhere,  Boston  made  the  season  of  1841  and  covered  42 
mares,  at  $100  each.  After  his  big  match  with  Fashion,  he  covered  Andrewetta  and 
Ironette,  and  made  a  fall  campaign.  In  1843  he  made  a  regular  season  at  Spring 
Grove,  Hanover  Co.,  Ya.,  at  $70  each.  In  1844,  stood  at  Washington  City,  at  $60 
per  season.  After  the  seasons  of  1845  and  '46,  he  came  out  to  Kentucky  either  in 
the  winter  or  early  in  the  spring  of  1847,  and  made  the  seasons  of  1847,  '48,  and 
'49,  at  E.  H.  Blackburn's,  near  Spring  Station,  Woodford  Co.,  Ky.  Mr.  Blackburn, 
in  a  letter  to  us,  states  that  he  was  a  very  sure  foal  getter,  and  that  he  covered  at 
$50  per  season,  and  went  to  about  sixty-five  mares  each  year.  He  died  the  fall  of 
1849,  in  his  seventeenth  year,  the  greatest  loss  to  breeders  since  the  days  of  Sir 
Archy  and  Diomed.  He  came  to  Kentucky  in  very  bad  weather,  was  much  exposed 
in  his  trip  out,  and,  upon  his  arrival  at  Mr.  Blackburn's,  was  suffering  from  a  very 
severe  cold,  from  the  effects  of  which  Mr.  B.  states  he  never  entirely  recovered. 

BOSTON'S  GET. 
Arrow,  Attila,  Billy  Boston,  Big  Boston,  Boston,  Jr.,  Bay  Boston,  Bob  Johnson,  Big  Indian, 
Bostona,  Beau  Mele,  Catchem,  Clara,  Clara  Minter,  Commodore,  Cracker,  Columbia,  Die  Clapper- 
ton,  Dick  Doty,  Dick  Earnest,  Financier,  Goldpin.  Jack  King,  Joe  Laws,  John  Hopkins, 
Inspector,  Isabella,  Jenny  Lind,  Major  Jones,  Madeline,  Madame  Bruce,  Medway,  Lecomte,  Lex- 
ington, Lucy  Bryant,  Lrttle  Rose,  Nat  Blick,  Nelly  Hardin,  Notar  Price,  Orator,  Nina  (the  dam  of 
Planet),  Ked  Eye,  Ringgold,  Rosalie,  Tally-ho,  Thirteen  of  Trumps,  Tom  Walker,  Uncle  Ned,  Vol- 
tigenr,  Wade  Hampton,  White  Eye,  Wild  Bill,  Young  Boston,  Hawkins,  Boston,  and  Betty  King. 

Look  here,  what  an  array  of  notables?  They  made  a  new  era  in  racing.  Time 
seemed  as  nothing,  they  did  all  and  more  than  was  required  of  them.  Lecomte 
carried  four  miles  in  the  twenties,  and  Lexington  into  the  teens,  and  if  Boston  had 
done  nothing  else  in  the  stud,  Lecomte  and  Lexington  would  and  have  given  him 
imperishable  fame. 


PEDIGEEE, 

CHARACTERISTICS,  AND  PERFORMANCES  OF  FASHION. 

Fashion  was  bred  by  "William  Gibbons,  Esq.,  of  Madison, 
Morris  County,  N.  J.,  where  she  was  foaled  on  the  26th  April, 
1837.  It  wonld  be  difficult  to  sit  down  over  the  Stud  Book  and 
compile  a  richer  pedigree  than  hers,  and  the  same  remark  will 
apply  to  Boston.  Each  is  descended  from  the  most  eminently 
distinguished  racing  families  on  the  side  o  *  both  sire  and  dam, 
that  have  figured  on  the  Turf  for  a  hundred  years.  Fashion 
was  got  by  Mr.  Livingston's  Imp.  Trustee,  out  of  the  celebrated 
Bonnets  o'  Blue  by  Sir  Charles,  and  she  out  of  Keality — "  the 
very  best  race-horse,"  says  Col.  Johnson,  "  I  ever  saw."  Eeality 
was  got  by  Sir  Archy,  and  her  pedigree  extends  back  through 
the  imported  horses  Medley,  Centinel,  Janus,  Monkey,  Silver- 
Eye  and  Spanker,  to  an  imported  Spanish  mare.  Trustee,  the 
sire  of  Fashion,  was  a  distinguished  race-horse  in  England,  and 
sold  at  3  yrs.  old  for  2,000  guineas,  to  the  Duke  of  Cleveland, 
after  running  3d  in  the  race  for  the  Derby  of  101  subscribers. 
He  was  subsequently  imported  by  Messrs.  Ogden,  Corbin  and 
Stockton.  Trustee  was  foaled  in  1829,  and  was  got  by  Catton 
out  of  Emma,  by  Whisker,  and  combines  the  blood  of  Hermes, 
PijDator,  and  Sir  Peter,  on  his  dam's  side,  with  that  of  Penelope, 
by  Trumpator,  and  Prunella,  by  Highflyer,  on  the  side  of  his 
sire.  Trustee  is  not  a  chance  horse  ;  in  addition  to  other  winners 
of  his  family,  in  1835,  his  own  brother,  Mundig,  won  the  Derby 
of  128  subscribers. — See  Genealogy,  7. 

Fashion  is  a  rich  satin-coated  chestnut,  with  a  star,  and  a 


PEEFORMANCES   OF    FASHION.  285 

rins:  of  white  above  the  coronet  of  her  left  hind  foot ;  on  her 
right  quarter  she  is  marked  with  three  dark  spots,  like  Plenipo, 
and  other  "  terribly  high-bred  cattle."  She  is  about  15|-  hands 
high  under  the  standard,  rising  high  on  the  withers,  with  a 
light  head  and  neck,  faultless  legs,  an  oblique,  well-shaped 
shoulder,  and  a  roomy,  deep,  and  capacious  chest.  She  has 
good  length  of  barrel,  which  is  well  ribbed  out,  and  lier  loins 
are  well  arched  and  supported  by  strong  fillets.  Though  finely 
put  up  forehanded,  her  great  excellence  consists  in  the  muscular 
developments  of  her  quarters,  thighs,  and  gaskins.  As  in  the 
greyhound  and  the  hare,  the  seat  of  the  propelling  power  in  the 
horse,  which  enables  him  to  move  with  a  great  degree  of 
velocity,  is  centred  in  his  hind  quarters ;  necessarily  in  propor- 
tion to  their  strength  there,  will  be  the  impulse  which  impels 
the  whole  mass  forward. 

Fashion  has  been  trained  for  all  her  engagements  by  Mr. 
Samuel  Laird,  of  Colt's  ISTeck,  IS".  J.,  and  ridden  by  his  son 
Joseph,  the  best  jockey  at  the  North.  Mr.  Gibbons,  her  owner, 
having  been  unfortunate  with  his  former  trainer — who  nearly 
ruined  Mariner  in  breaking  him — and  who  is  opposed  to  the 
general  plan  of  training  colts  at  2  yrs.  old,  resolved  that  Fashion 
should  not  be  taken  up  until  her  form  had  attained  a  greater 
degree  of  maturity  ;  consequently  she  was  not  brought  out  until 
the  Fall  of  her  3  yr.  old  year.  Fashion  goes  with  a  long  rating 
stroke,  gathers  well,  and  moves  with  the  utmost  ease  to  herself ; 
what  is  rather  singular,  she  runs  with  a  loose  rein ;  she  is 
true  as  steel,  has  a  remarkable  turn  of  speed,  can  be  placed  any 
where,  and  nothing  can  be  finer  than  her  disposition ;  a  more 
bloodlike,  honest  mare,  was  never  brought  to  the  post.  Being 
in  a  public  training  stable,  with  Clarion  and  Mariner,  her  half- 
brother,  both  of  them  winners  at  three  and  four-mile  heats. 
Fashion  has  been  compelled  to  "take  her  turn"  in  running 
for  "  the  big  things,"  else  the  amount  of  her  winnings  might 
have  been  increased  as  well  as  the  number  of 

HER   PERFORMANCES. 
1840. 

Oct  21.  Camden,  N.  J Sweepstake Two-mile  heats won  $800 

Beating  Amelia  Priestman  in  the  mud ;  two  paid  forfeit. 

Oct,  27.  Trenton,  N.  J Sweepstake Two-mile  heats.., won  1,100 

Beating  Fleetfoot  and  Nannie  ;  two  paid  forfeit 


286  THE   HORSE. 

1841. 

May  6.  Union  Course,  L.  I Purse Three-mile  heats won  600 

Beating  Sylphide,  Prospect,  Fleetfoot,  and  Meridian. 

May  19.  Camden,  N.  J Purse Two-mile  heats lost 

Beaten  by  Tyler,  after  winning  2d  heat.  Trenton  won  the  1st,  and  Tyler 
the  8d  and  4th.  Fashion  2d  in  4th  heat,  Telemachus  being  ruled  out- 
time,  4.06— S.52—S.51i— 35.6. 

Oct.  7.  Union  Course,  L.  I Purse Two-mile  heats won  200 

Beating  Trenton  in  3.51- 8.46J,  on  a  heavy  course. 

Oct.  20.  Baltimore,  Md Purse Three-mile  heats won  400 

Beating  John  Blount,  Lady  Canton,  and  Stockton ;  course  slippery. 

Oct.  28.  Camden,  N.  J Purse Four-mile  heats won  800 

Beating  John  Blount,  who  broke  down  in  2d  heat,  after  winning  the  1st, 
and  distancing  Boston  in  1st  heat;  time,  7.42 — 7.48. 

Starting  in  three  trainings,  seven  times,  and  winning  six  races,  one  at  four, 

and  two  at  three-mile  heats,  winning $3  jSOO 

"We  have  noticed  the  fact  of  her  not  having  been  trained  in 
the  Spring  of  her  3  yr.  old  year  ;  last  Spring,  too,  unfortunately, 
after  her  race  at  Camden,  she  went  amiss,  and  was  prudently 
turned  out  until  the  Fall,  when  she  came  out  again,  and  won  not 
only  at  two  and  at  three-mile  heats,  but  at  four.  Her  last  race  is 
one  of  the  best,  at  four-mile  heats,  ever  run  in  the  United 
States.  In  the  only  race  she  ever  lost — it  will  be  seen  that 
she  was  beaten  by  Tyler  after  winning  the  2d  heat ;  Tyler  won 
the  3d  and  4th  heats,  in  the  last  of  which  she  was  2d,  having 
beaten  Trenton — who  won  the  1st  heat — and  Telemachus.  From 
the  fact  of  being  turned  out  after  this  race,  and  of  her  having 
since  twice  beaten  John  Blount,  who  easily  defeated  Tyler  in  a 
match  for  $5,000,  it  is  fair  to  conclude  that  on  the  occasion  al- 
luded to  she  was  out  of  condition.  The  brilliant  reputation  she 
acquired  by  her  last  great  performance,  added  to  the  confident 
impression  every  where  entertained  of  her  surpassing  speed  and 
extraordinary  powers  of  endurance,  are  such,  however,  as  to 
render  quite  gratuitous  any  explanation  as  to  the  cause  of  her 
having  once  been  defeated. 

As  Fashion's  friends  have  accepted  the  match  offered  by 
Boston,  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  each  will  come  to  the  post  in  con- 
dition to  run  for  a  man's  life.  Fashion  will  be  trained  as  usual 
by  Mr.  Laird,  and  Boston  by  Arthur  Taylor ;  Joe,  no  doubt, 
will  throw  his  leg  across  the  pig  skin  on  the  mare,  while  Gil. 
Patrick,  who  has  more  strength,  though  not  more  science  or 
coolness  than  Craig,  will  probably  be  put  up  again  on  Boston. 


PEDIGBEE  OF  FASHION.  287 

The  latter  being  an  aged  horse — 9  yrs.  old — will  have  to  carry 
126  lbs.,  while  the  mare's  appropriate  weight,  being  then  5 
yrs.  old,  will  be  111  lbs.  "No  match,  the  South  against  the 
North,  has  been  made  up  at  all  comparable  to  this  in  interest, 
since  that  between  Eclipse  and  Henry,  which  came  off  over  the 
Union  course  on  the  27th  of  May,  1828.  Each  champion  has, 
and  is  worthy  of,  troops  of  confident  friends,  and  each  is  in 
good  hands.  Let  them  come  together  in  good  condition — 
give  them  a  fair  field  and  no  favor,  and — who  can  name  the 
winner  ? 

Fashion's  pedigree  m  extenso  is  as  follows  ; — 

1837.  Fashion,  ch.  m.,  by  English  Trustee,  out  of  Mariner's 
dam.  Bonnets  o'  Blue — own  sister  to  Slender — by  Sir  Charles, 
grandam  Reality — own  sister  to  Yanity  and  dam  to  Medley — 
by  Sir  Archy,  great  grandam  by  English  Medley,  her  dam  by 
Englisli  Centinel — Mark  Anthony — English  Janus — English 
Silver-eye,  &c. 

1829.  Trustee,  ch.,  a  celebrated  race-horse  of  Lord  Darling- 
ton's— since  Duke  of  Cleveland — was  got  by  Catton  out  of  Emma, 
by  Whisker,  &c.,  a  famous  pedigree,  own  brother  to  Mundig, 
a  Derby  winner,  and  out  of  the  dam — Emma  dam  of  Cotherstone, 
the  winner  of  the  Derby,  who  ought  also  to  have  won  the  St. 
Leger.  There  is  nothing  superior  to  the  pedigree  of  Trustee's 
maternal  ancestry  in  the  English  Stud  Book.  Catton,  the  sire 
of  this  brace  of  distinguished  brothers,  was  a  capital  performer 
at  all  distances,  winner  of  twenty-one  races  at  Newmarket,  Don- 
caster,  and  York.  Honest  Trustee,  as  he  was  termed,  beat  Mar- 
grave, the  St.  Leger  winner,  in  the  Derby  race,  and  again  as  a 
four-year-old,  though  beat  by  him  for  the  St.  Leger.  He  had 
mostly  la2)lace  d'honneur  at  Epsom,  York,  Doncaster,  and  JSTew- 
market.  Trustee  was  sire  to  Revenue,  Reube,  the  trotter  Trus- 
tee, besides  Fashion,  and  others  of  distinction. 

Bonnets  o'  Blue  and  Slender  were  first-rate  at  all  distances, 
and  their  half-brother  Medley,  by  Sir  Hal,  ran  with  distinction. 

1816.  Sir  Charles,  ch.,  the  best  race-horse  of  his  year,  was 
got  by  Sir  Archy,  dam  by  English  Citizen,  grandam  by  Com- 
mutation, son  of  Wildair,  &c.  Sir  Charles's  most  distinguished 
get  were  Wagner,  Andrew,  and  Trifle. 


288  THE   HORSE. 

1776.  Medley,  gr.,  by  Gimcrack,  out  of  own  sister  to  the 
renowned  Sir  Peter's  dam,  by  Snap — Regulus,  &c. 

1758.  Centinel,  by  Blank — son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian, 
out  of  a  Bartlett's  Childers  mare, — dam  by  Cade — Partner,  &c. 

Janus,  son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian's  son,  Janus,  dam  by 
Fox — Bald  Galloway,  &c.     Imported  into  Virginia  1752. 

1725.  Monkey,  imported  1747,  by  the  Lonsdale  Bay  Ara- 
bian— Curwen's  Bay  Barb — Byerly  Turk,  &c. 

Silver-Eye,  by  the  Cullen  Arabian — Curwen's  Bay  Barb, 
&c.,  to  old  Yintner  mare. 

The  pedigrees  of  Boston  and  Fashion  will  serve  as  examples 
of  the  best  modern  blood  in  "  the  States."  Boston  and  Fashion's 
dams  were  bred  in  Yirginia,  when  decidedly  our  "race-horse 
region."  Their  ancestors,  Timoleon  and  Beality,  nobly  con- 
tended against  each  other  as  the  best  two  of  their  year,  and 
among  the  best,  as  well  as  the  earliest,  of  Sir  Archy's  distin- 
guished get.  For  many  years  we  have  rarely  had  a  first-rate 
race-horse  that  was  not  descended  from  Sir  Archy. 


KACE 

OF    BOSTON    AND   FASHION,    MAY   10,  1842. 
THE   BEST   KACE   THEN    KUN   IN    A]VrEEICA. 

The  great  sectional  matcli  for  $20,000  a  side,  four-mile 
heats,  between  the  ]!:^orth  and  the  South,  came  off  on  Tuesday 
last,  the  10th  instant.  Since  the  memorable  contest  between 
Eclipse  and  Henry,  on  the  27tli  of  May  1823,  no  race  has  ex- 
cited so  much  interest  and  enthusiasm.  It  attracted  hundreds 
of  individuals  from  the  remotest  sections  of  the  Union,  and  for 
months  has  been  the  theme  of  remark  and  speculation,  not  only 
in  the  sporting  circles  of  this  country,  but  in  England,  where 
the  success  of  the  IS^orthern  Champion  was  predicted.  It  was 
a  most  thrilling  and  exciting  race — one  wliich  throws  in  the 
shade  the  most  celebrated  of  those  wonderful  achievements 
which  have  conferred  so  much  distinction  upon  the  high-met- 
tled racers  of  America ! 

At  an  early  hour  on  Tuesday  morning  our  streets  were  filled 
with  carriages  of  all  descriptions,  Avending  their  way  to  the  fer- 
ries, while  thousands  upon  thousands  crossed  over  to  the  cars  of 
the  Long  Island  Eailroad  Company.  But  after  eleven  o'clock 
the  Company  found  it  impossible  to  convey  to  the  course  the 
immense  crowd  wliich  filled  and  surrounded  the  cars,  though 
they  continued  to  sell  tickets  after  they  were  fully  sensible  of 
the  fact.  Indeed  from  the  first  the  arrangements  of  the  Com- 
pany were  an  imposition.  They  charged  the  most  extravagant 
price  for  the  transportation  of  passengers,  and  their  prepara- 
VoL.  I.— 19 


290  THE   HORSE, 

tions  were  in  no  way  equal  to  the  occasion ;  above  all,  tliey  con- 
tinued to  sell  tickets  after  they  knew  that  several  thousand  more 
persons  had  purchased  them  than  they  could  transport.  A 
train,  bearing  over  two  thousand  passengers,  did  not  reach  tlie 
course  until  after  the  first  heat,  and  hundreds  who  had  pur- 
chased tickets,  despairing  of  reaching  the  course  in  the  cars, 
started  on  foot,  and  reached  it  before  them.  At  half-past 
eleven  o'clock  there  were  not  less  than  five  thousand  persons 
waiting  a  conveyance  by  the  cars  at  the  Brooklyn  terminus,  all 
of  whom  had  purchased  tickets.  Under  these  circumstances, 
it  will  not  be  very  surprising  to  any  one  to  hear  that  upon  the 
return  of  the  cars  after  the  race,  the  indignant  passengers  rolled 
several  of  them  off  the  track  over  the  hill,  and  smashed  others, 
while  "  a  perfect  mash "  was  made  of  the  ticket  oflice.  The 
race  was  a  golden  harvest  to  the  hack,  cab,  and  omnibus 
proprietors.  The  anxiety  to  reach  the  course  was  so  great  that 
ten  dollars  were  offered  for  a  standing-up  place  in  a  charcoal 
cart !  Our  contemporary  of  the  "  Courier  and  Enquirer  "  thus 
pleasantly  describes  his  own  "peculiar  position  ;" — 

"  Finding  that  our  ticket  was  valueless,  we  engaged  a  deck 
passage  on  an  omnibus  /  and  never  have  we  witnessed  so  curi- 
ous an  exhibition  as  the  road  to  the  course  presented.  We  have 
neither  space  nor  time  to  describe  it ;  but  the  reader  may  form 
some  idea  of  the  anxiety  to  get  ahead,  when  we  state  that  be- 
side the  thousands  that  were  footing  it  with  railroad  tickets  in 
their  pockets,  and  the  immense  number  in  all  sorts  of  vehicles, 
we  overtook  a  charcoal  cart,  from  which  the  cry  of  ch-a-r-co-al 
was  heard  to  proceed  in  full  chorus  ;  and  on  getting  alongside 
some  twenty  heads  were  obtruded,  presenting  faces  which  we 
readily  imagined  had  once  been  white,  but  which  were  now  of 
the  most  perfectly  sable  hue.  They  were  a  set  of  very  clever 
fellows,  who  deemed  themselves  fortunate  to  have  procured  even  ^ 
this  mode  of  conveyance  to  the  race-course." 

Having  engaged  a  carriage  the  day  previous,  we  were  ena- 
bled to  reach  the  course  at  an  early  hour.  The  roads  from  town 
were  thronged  almost  the  entire  distance  with  a  procession  ol 
carriages  and  frequently  with  several  abreast,  all  crammed.  It 
would  require  the  pen  of  the  "  Troubadour  of  the  Corporation 
Dirt  Carts  "  to  give  a  description  of  them.     Flatbush  wagons 


THE   RACE   COURSE.  291 

and  sixpenny  bone-setters  were  jammed  in  between  four-in- 
hand  landaus,  fast  crabs  in  match  carts,  elegant  stanhopes,  and 
the  superb  turn-outs  of  our  wealthy  cits.  The  Communipaw 
clam-boxes,  stylish  cabs,  and  every  variety  of  barouche  were  in- 
extricably mixed  up  and  jostled  by  great  lumbering  omnibuses 
and  thousands  of  fancy  go-carts,  wagons,  and  hackney  coaches. 
Upon  reaching  the  course  such  a  tableau  was  presented  as 
we  never  saw  before.  The  field  inside  of  the  course  was 
thronged  with  carriages  and  equestrians,  while  the  fences, 
booths,  and  trees,  were  densely  covered,  so  much  so  that  several 
accidents  occurred  from  their  breaking  down.  It  is  stated  that 
there  were  no  less  than  eight  thousand  persons  in  the  stands, 
and  yet  there  were  nearly  as  many  more  who  could  obtain  but 
a  partial  view  of  the  race,  while  many  could  not  see  it  at  all. 
The  number  of  spectators  in  attendance  is  variously  estimated 
at  from  fifty  to  seventy  thousand.  Among  them  the  U.  States 
Senate  and  House  of  Eepresentatives,  the  British  Army  and 
]^avy,  as  well  as  our  own,  the  Bench  and  the  Bar,  and  the 
Beauty  and  Fashion  of  New  York  were  all  represented.  The 
Ladies'  stand  was  appropriately  graced  by  the  presence  of  a 
large  number  of  the  most  brilliant  of  our  city  belles,  who,  with 
hardly  an  exception,  gave  the  suffrage  of  "  their  most  sweet 
voices"  to  the  beautiful  daughter  of  Bonnets  o'  Blue.  The  en- 
closed "  privileged  space  "  in  front  of  the  stands,  reserved  for 
the  members  of  the  Jockey  Club,  and  strangers — who  were 
charged  $10  for  admission,  without  distinction — was  thronged 
with  turfmen,  breeders,  and  amateurs.  At  one  o'clock,  how- 
ever, owing  to  the  want  of  an  efficient  police,  and  their  inability 
to  see  the  race,  more  than  a  thousand  persons  climbed  over  the 
pickets,  from  the  field,  into  the  enclosed  space,  while  a  mob  on 
the  outside  tore  down  a  length  of  fence,  and  stove  through  a 
door  in  the  stand,  and  swarmed  into  the  cleared  space.  For  a 
time  it  seemed  impossible  for  the  match  to  take  place  at  all. 
A  crowd  of  loafers  made  a  rush  up  the  stairs  leading  to  the 
Club  stand,  but  they  were  summarily  ejected.  At  length 
Yankee  Sullivan,  Jeroloman,  Bynas,  and  several  other  distin- 
guished members  of  the  fancy,  undertook  to  clear  the  course, 
which  they  did  in  an  incredibly  short  time,  by  organizing  a 
party  of  their  friends,  who  formed  in  line,  with  clasped  hands, 


292  THE   HORSE. 

quite  across  the  space,  and  marched  from  one  end  to  the  other, 
thereby  driving  outside  of  the  gate  every  person  witliout  a  badge. 
Of  course  there  were  among  this  mob  several  ugly  customers, 
but  Yankee  Sullivan  had  only  to  "  let  fly  with  his  right,"  or 
Jeroloman  give  any  one  of  them  "  a  teaser  on  his  smeller,"  to  fix 
his  business !  On  the  whole,  the  mob  conducted  themselves 
very  well  under  the  circumstances  ;  the  great  majority  were  in 
perfectly  good  humor,  and  had  the  proprietors  taken  the  pre- 
caution to  paint  the  tops  of  the  pickets  with  a  thick  coat  of  tar^ 
and  engage  a  strong  body  of  police,  no  such  disgraceful  scene 
would  have  occurred. 

The  race  commenced  about  2  o'clock.  For  more  than  a 
quarter  of  a  mile  in  front  of  the  stands,  the  spectators  ranged  on 
the  side  of  the  course  and  of  the  field  presented  one  dense  mass 
of  thousands,  through  which  the  horses  ran  the  gauntlet.  The 
course  itself,  owing  to  the  rain  of  Sunday  night,  was  not  deemed 
quite  so  well  adapted  for  speed  as  upon  some  other  occasions  ; 
still  it  was  in  fine  order.  The  prospect  of  the  weather,  in  the 
morning,  was  unfavorable,  but  though  at  10  o'clock  there  was  a 
slight  sprinkling  of  rain,  it  soon  cleared  ofi*.  The  day  was  warm 
and  pleasant,  but  Avitli  scarce  a  glimpse  of  the  sun. 

Tlie  betting  was  a  shade  in  Boston's  favor.  Before  the  race 
came  off,  however,  his  friends  were  obliged,  in  order  to  get  on 
their  money,  to  lay  100  to  60,  and  in  some  cases  2  to  1.  "We 
never  saw  so  little  money  bet  on  a  I'ace  here  of  any  impor- 
tance/ oi  heavy  betting  we  did  not  hear  of  a  solitary  transac- 
tion, though  tlie  backers  of  each  were  sanguine. 

Having  previously  given  in  the  preceding  pages  complete 
memoirs  of  the  rival  champions,  with  their  pedigrees,  character- 
istics, and  performances,  in  detail,  we  have  only  to  speak  of  their 
fine  condition.  Both  stripped  well,  Boston  was  drawn  unusually 
to  our  eye,  but  his  coat  looked  and  felt  like  satin.  Fashion's 
curb,  though  quite  prominent,  did  not  seem  to  afiect  her  a  jot ; 
otherwise  she  was  in  condition  to  run  for  a  man's  life.  "We 
need  hardly  say  that  she  was  admirably  trained  by  Mr.  Laird, 
nor  that  she  was  splendidly  jockeyed  by  his  son  Joseph — a  chip 
of  the  old  block — Mr.  Laird  having  formerly  been  a  conspicu- 
ous jockey.  Boston  of  course  was  managed  by  Col.  Johnson^ 
and  ridden  by  Gil.  Patrick  in  his  usual  superb  style  ;  Arthui 


THE    RACE.  '  293 

Taylor  brouglit  him  to  the  post  in  uniisuallj  fine  order.  Gil. 
Patrick  rode  the  first  heat  without  a  spur.  The  jockeys  having 
received  their  orders,  mounted,  and  had  their  girths  taken  up 
another  hole,  brought  their  horses  up  in  fine  style  without  any 
assistance  whatever  from  their  trainers,  and  were  otf  with  a  run- 
ning start  for  the  race. 

First  Heat. — Boston  on  the  inside  went  away  with  the  lead 
at  a  rattling  pace,  the  mare  laying  up  within  two  lengths  of 
him  down  the  straight  run  on  the  back  stretch  ;  the  half  mile  was 
run  in  55  seconds.  The  same  position  was  maintained  to  the 
end  of  the  mile — run  in  Im.  53s. — but  soon  after  Fashion  made 
play  and  the  pace  improved.  Both  made  strong  running  down 
the  back  stretch,  over  the  hill — opposite  the  half-mile  post — 
and  down  the  slight  descent  which  succeeds,  and  though  this 
seemed  favorable  ground  for  Boston,  the  mare  gained  on  him, 
at  tliis  place,  in  this  mile,  and  placed  herself  well  up.  Boston 
threw  her  off  on  the  turn,  and  led  through  clear,  running  this 
mile  in  Im.  50  s.  Tlie  pace  seemed  too  good  to  last,  and  Bos- 
ton's friends  as  he  led  cleverly  down  the  back  stretch,  were 
"  snatching  and  eager"  to  take  any  thing  offered.  Again,  Bos- 
ton led  through  this  mile — the  third — ^being  run  in  Im.  54s., 
Fashion  keeping  him  up  to  the  top  of  his  rate.  The  contest 
was  beautiful  and  exciting  beyond  description  ;  there  was  no 
clambering,  no  faltering,  no  dwelling  on  the  part  of  either ; 
each  ran  with  a  long  rating  stroke,  and  at  a  pace  that  kills. 
Soon  after  commencing  the  fourth,  mile,  Joe  Laird  shook  his 
whip  over  her  head,  and  gave  Fashion  an  eye  opener  or  two 
with  the  spur,  and  not  100  yards  from  the  ground  where  Boston 
took  the  track  from  Charles  Carter,  she  collared  and  passed  him 
in  half  a  dozen  strokes,  at  a  flight  of  speed  we  never  saw 
equalled,  except  in  the  desperate  brush  at  the  stand  between 
Grey  Medoc  and  Altorf,  in  their  dead  heat.  When  Fashion  re- 
sponded to  the  call  upon  her  and  took  the  track  in  such  splendid 
style,  the  cheers  sent  up  from  the  rude  "  throats  "  of  thousands 
might  have  been  heard  for  miles.  Fashion  made  her  challenge 
after  getting  through  the  drawgate,  and  took  the  lead  opposite 
the  quarter-mile  post.  Boston,  however,  like  a  trump,  as  he  is, 
did  not  give  back  an  inch,  and  though  it  was  manifest  the 
Northern  Phenomenon  had  the  foot  of  him,  he  gave  her  no  re- 


294r         '  THE   HOKBE. 

spite.  He  lapped  her  down  the  back  stretcli  for  300  yards, 
when  Gil.  Patrick  very  sensibly  took  a  strong  bracing  pull  on 
him  and  bottled  him  up  for  a  desperate  brush  up  the  hill,  where 
Eclipse  passed  Henry.  Here  Gil.  again  let  him  out,  but  unfor- 
tunately he  pulled  him  inside  so  near  the  fence  that  Boston 
struck  his  hip  against  a  post,  and  hitting  a  sharp  knot  or  a  nail, 
cut  through  the  skin  on  his  quarter  for  seven  or  eight  inches. 
He  struck  hard  enough  to  jar  himself  very  much,  and  we  ob- 
served him  to  falter ;  but  he  soon  recovered,  and  though  at  this 
moment  Fashion  led  him  nearly  three  lengths,  he  gradually 
closed  the  gap  round  the  turn  to  within  a  few  feet.  At  this 
moment  the  excited  multitude  broke  through  all  restraint  in 
their  anxiety  to  witness  the  termination  of  the  heat,  and  the 
course  was  nearly  blocked  up.  On  coming  out  through  a  nar- 
row gauntlet  of  thousands  of  spectators  excited  to  the  highest 
pitch,  both  horses  very  naturally  faltered  at  the  tremendous 
shouts  which  made  the  welkin  ring.  Up  the  quarter  stretch 
Gil.  made  another  desperate  effort  to  win  the  race  out  of  the 
fire.  He  applied  his  thong  freely,  while  Joe  Laird  drew  his 
whip  on  the  mare  more  than  once,  and  tapped  her  claret  at  the 
same  time.  Inside  of  the  gate  it  Avas  a  "hollow  thing,"  though 
Boston  nearly  closed  the  gap  at  the  distance  stand.  Gil.  fairly 
caught  Joe  by  surprise,  but  the  latter,  shaking  his  whip  over 
her  head,  gave  Fashion  the  spur,  and  she  instantly  recovered 
her  stride,  coming  through  about  a  length  ahead,  with  appa- 
rently something  in  hand  to  spare,  closing  the  heat  in  7m. 
32|s. — the  fastest  by  all  odds  ever  run  in  America. 

The  time  was  kept  on  the  Jockey  Club  stand  by  Messrs. 
Robert  L.  and  James  Stevens,  and  in  the  Judges'  stand  by  Sen- 
ator Barrow,  of  Louisiana,  Hon.  Mr.  Botts,  of  Virginia,  J. 
Hamilton  "Wilkes,  Esq.,  and  the  ofiicial  timers.  We  took  the 
time  of  each  mile  from  the  Messrs.  S.,  between  whom  we  stood. 
Mr.  l^eill.  Major  Binggold,  and  other  gentlemen  of  acknowledged 
accuracy  as  timers  stood  in  the  same  circle,  and  there  was  but 
a  fraction  of  difference  in  the  time  each  declared  "  by  watches 
too,  not  made  in  Kentucky."  Messrs.  Stevens  made  the  time 
7m.  33s.,  but  as  they  kept  the  time  of  the  half,  and  in  some 
cases,  of  the  quarter,  miles,  their  difference  of  but  half  a  second 


THE   FERST   HEAT.  '  296 

from  tlie  timers  in  the  Judges'  stand,  demonstrates  the  remark- 
able accuracy  of  the  parties. 

The  result  of  the  heat  was  the  more  astonishing  to  a  few  of 
Boston's  friends,  as  no  one  ever  supposed  Fashion  could  make 
tJds  time,  though  she  might  heat  him.  "We  were  prepared  to 
expect  the  best  time  on  record,  not  only  from  the  fact  that  we 
had  been  informed  of  the  result  of  Fashion's  private  trial  on  the 
25th  ult.,  but  from  a  circumstance  which  we  shall  be  excused, 
we  trust,  for  alluding  to  here.  After  retiring  to  our  room  at  the 
Astor  House  on  Monday  night,  at  a  late  hour,  we  had  the  plea- 
sure of  a  "  domiciliary  visit  "  from  Mr.  Long,  the  owner  of  Bos- 
ton, and  several  mutual  friends.  The  "  party  "  were  attired  in 
costumes  that  would  be  esteemed  somewhat  unique  out  of  the 
circle  of  the  Marquis  of  "VVaterford's  friends,  who  ride  steeple 
chases  in  their  shirts  and  drawers.  ISTevertheless  there  was  no 
lack  of  fun  nor  spirit ;  in  the  course  of  an  interesting  "  horse 
talk,"  Mr.  Long  gave  us  several  "  items,"  one  of  which  was  that 
Boston  would  run  the  first  heat,  "  sure,"  in  7m.  34:S.  Said  Mr. 
Long,  "  he  will  run  the  first  mile  in  about  Im.  53s.,  tiie  second 
in  Im.  52s.,  the  third  in  Im.  54:S.,  and  the  fourth  in  Im.  55s." 
After  he  retired  we  made  a  memorandum  of  the  time,  as  a  curi- 
osity after  the  race.  And  we  refer  to  it  now,  to  show  that, 
though  beaten  by  the  Northern  Phenomenon,  the  gallant  Bos- 
ton amply  sustained  all  the  expectations  formed  of  him  from  his 
trials  and  previous  performances.  He  not  only  made  vastly 
better  time  than  he  ever  did  before,  but  better  time  than  ever 
had  been  made — time  that  quite  eclipses  the  most  wonderful 
achievements  on  the  American  Turf.  The  vaunted  perfor- 
mances of  the  Southern  "cracks"  at  New  Orleans,  are  almost 
thrown  in  the  shade,  wonderful  as  they  are.  Had  any  one  of- 
fered to  beat  the  time  of  Eclipse  and  Henry  on  the  Union 
course,  3  to  1  would  have  been  laid  against  it;  or  had  tlie 
friends  of  Boston  been  assured  that  he  could  run,  as  Mr.  Long 
told  us  he  could,  in  7m.  3J:S.,  his  friends  would  have  staked  a 
million  of  dollars  upon  his  winning  the  match.  For  the  first 
two  miles  Boston  in  the  opinion  of  many  shrewd  judges  had 
the  foot  of  the  mare,  and  it  is  thought  that  had  he  trailed  her 
as  he  did  Charles  Carter,  the  result  of  the  first  heat  might  have 
been  different.     But  what  shall  be  said  of  the  incomparable 


296  THE   HORSE. 

daughter  of  Trustee  and  Bonnets  o'  Blue.  Too  much  cannot  be 
said  of  her,  or  of  her  jockey.  She  ran  as  true  as  steel,  as  game 
and  honest  a  race  as  was  ever  recorded  of  a  high-mettled 
racer. 

Both  horses  cooled  out  well.  Boston  always  blows  tremen- 
dously, even  after  a  gallop,  but  he  seemed  little  distressed. 
Neither  was  Fashion  ;  her  action  is  superb,  and  as  she  came 
through  on  the  fourth  mile,  it  was  remarked  that  she  was  play- 
ing her  ears  as  if  taking  her  exercise.  She  recovered  sooner 
than  Boston,  and  though  her  friends  now  offered  large  odds  on 
her,  Boston's  were  no  less  confident ;  the  seventh  mile  they 
thought  would  "  fetch  her."  We  should  not  have  been  sur- 
prised to  have  seen  both  swell  over  the  loins,  nor  to  have  found 
them  greatly  distressed.  We  examined  them  carefully  after 
the  heat,  and  state  with  great  pleasure,  that  though  they 
"blowed  strong,"  they  recovered  in  a  few  minutes,  and 
came  to  the  post  again  comparatively  fresh.  After  the  heat 
was  over,  the  crowd  rushed  into  the  enclosed  space  en  tnasse  y 
an  endeavor  was  made  to  clear  a  portion  of  the  track  of  the 
multitude  who  had  now  taken  possession  of  it,  and  after  great 
exertions,  a  lane  was  formed,  through  which  the  horses  came 
up  for  the 

Second  Heat. — Fashion  led  ofi"  with  a  moderate  stroke,  and 
carried  on  the  running  down  the  back  stretch  with  a  lead  of 
about  tliree  lengths.  After  making  the  ascent  of  the  hill  Bos- 
ton challenged,  closed  the  gap,  and  lapped  her.  A  tremendous 
shout  arose  on  all  hands  at  this  rally,  but  as  it  subsided  on  the 
part  of  Boston's  friends,  it  was  again  more  tumultuously  caught 
up  by  the  friends  of  the  mare,  as  she  outfooted  him  before 
reaching  the  head  of  the  quarter  stretch.  She  came  through — 
in  Im.  59s. — three  or  four  lengths  ahead,  and  kept  up  her  rate 
down  the  entire  straight  stretch  on  the  rear  of  the  course.  After 
getting  over  the  hill,  Boston,  as  before,  made  a  rush,  and  suc- 
ceeded in  collaring  the  mare,  while  she,  as  before,  again  threw 
him  off,  and  led  through  by  two  or  three  lengths  in  Im.  57s. 
Gil.  relieved  his  horse  for  the  next  600  yards,  but  instead  ot 
waiting  for  Fashion  to  ascend  the  hill,  at  the  half  mile  post, 
alone,  he  called  on  Boston  just  before  reaching  it,  and  the  two 
went  over  it  nearly  together ;  no  sooner  had  they  commenced 


THE    SECOND   HEAT.  297 

the  descending  gronnd,  than  gathering  all  his  energies  for  a 
final  and  desperate  effort,  Boston  made  a  dash,  and  this  time  he 
succeeded  in  taking  the  track.  The  scene  which  ensued  we 
have  no  words  to  describe.  Such  cheering,  such  betting,  and 
&o  many  long  faces,  was  never  seen  nor  heard  before.  After  be- 
ing compelled  to  give  up  the  track,  Joe  Laird,  with  the  utmost 
prudence  and  good  sense,  took  his  mare  in  hand,  and  gave  her 
time  to  recover  her  wind.  This  run  took  the  shine  out  of  Bos- 
ton !  Instead  of  pulling  him  steadily,  and  refreshing  him  with 
a  slight  respite,  Gil.  Patrick  kept  him  at  his  work  after  he  took 
the  track,  and  ran  this  mile — the  third — in  Im.  .51|s.  The  pace 
was  tremendous.  I^othing  short  of  limbs  of  steel  and  sinews 
of  catgut  could  stand  up  under  such  a  press.  On  the  first  turn 
after  j^assing  the  stand.  Fashion,  now  fresh  again,  made  a  dash, 
and  as  Boston  had  not  another  run  left  in  him,  she  cut  him 
down  in  her  stride,  opposite  the  quarter  mile  post,  and  the  thing 
loas  out.  The  race,  so  far  as  Boston  was  concerned,  was  past 
praying  for !  If  any  thing  can  parallel  Fashion's  turn  of  speed 
it  is  her  invincible  game.  She  now  gradually  dropped  him, 
and  without  another  effort  on  his  part  to  retrieve  the  fortunes 
of  the  day,  she  came  home  a  gallant  and  easy  winner  in  Tm. 
45s.  Boston  pulled  up  inside  of  the  distance  stand,  and  walked 
over  the  score !  As  she  came  under  the  Judges'  cord  extended 
across  the  course,  Boston  was  exactly  sixty  yards  behind,  though 
he  could  have  placed  himself  in  a  better  position  had  Gil.  called 
upon  him.  As  Joe  Laird  rode  Fashion  back  to  the  stand,  the 
shouts  were  so  deafening,  that  had  not  the  President  of  the 
Club  and  another  gentleman  held  on  to  her  bridle,  she  would 
have  not  only  "  enlarged  the  circle  of  her  acquaintance  "  very 
speedily,  but  "  made  a  mash  "  of  some  dozen  of  "  the  rank  and 
file  "  then  and  there  assembled.  She  looked  as  if  anotlier  heat 
would  not  "  set  her  back  any." 

And  thus  did  the  ISTorth  settle  its  account  Avith  the  South, 
for  the  victory  achieved  by  Bascombe  over  Post  Boy.  It  was 
a  magnificent  race — one  which  will  be  remembered  by  every 
one  who  witnessed  it  "  while  memory  holds  her  seat."  Though 
beaten,  it  is  conceded  on  all  hands  that  Boston  has  acquired  a 
more  "  vast  renown  "  by  this  wonderful  race  than  by  his  thirty- 
five  previous  victories  combined.     He  is  worth  more  since,  than 


298  THE   HORSE. 

he  was  before  the  match.  "  All  that  can  be  said  is,  that  Boston 
has  beaten  himself,  and  Fashion  has  beaten  Boston  !  "  The  spirit 
of  his  owners  on  this  as  upon  a  like  memorable  occasion  in  May, 
1823,  is  worthy  of  them  and  of  the  Old  Dominion.  Of  one  of 
them  it  has  been  well  said,  that,  "  like  another  Kapoleon,  he  isi 
never  more  to  be  feared  than  in  his  reverses !  " 

In  congratulating  each  other  upon  the  brilliant  triumph 
achieved  by  the  Northern  Champion — now  the  Champion  of 
the  American  Turf — let  no  one  forget  to  do  honor  to  those  to 
whose  admirable  skill  and  judgment  the  I^orth  is  mainly  in- 
debted for  its  victory.  To  Mr.  Samuel  Laird,  the  trainer  and 
manager  of  Fashion,  and  to  his  fine  spirited  son,  who  jockeyed 
her  in  a  style  that  would  have  conferred  credit  upon  Jem  Rob- 
inson, too  much  credit  cannot  be  given.  ]S^or  let  us  forget  that 
to  the  gallant  Boston  we  are  indebted  for  ascertaining  the  in- 
domitable game  and  surpassing  speed  of  our  Champion.  What 
else  could  have  displayed  it  in  such  bold  and  beautiful  relief? 
Arthur  Taylor  brought  him  to  the  post  in  the  very  finest  possi- 
ble condition,  and  Gil.  Patrick,  his  jockey,  rarely  distinguished 
himself  more  than  upon  this  occasion.  Most  of  our  contempo- 
raries state  that  he  rode  with  spurs.  He  wore  one  only,  and 
that  only  in  the  second  heat. 

It  is  peculiarly  gratifying  to  ourselves,  though  we  have  the 
pleasure  of  numbering  all  the  parties  among  our  personal 
friends,  that  Mr.  Gibbons,  the  owner  of  Fashion,  is  among  the 
oldest,  most  stanch,  and  most  generous  of  the  number.  Un- 
fortunately he  was  prevented  from  witnessing  the  race,  in  con- 
sequence of  an  accident  which  for  some  time  has  confined  him 
at  home.  In  his  absence,  another  tried  friend,  Walter  Livings- 
ton, Esq.,  the  owner  of  Trustee — the  sire  of  Fashion — was  con- 
gratulated on  all  hands  ;  he  has  never  doubted  Fashion's  suc- 
cess from  the  first.  Col.  W.  Larkin  White,  of  Virginia,  who 
was  also  in  attendance,  came  in  for  a  liberal  j^ortion  of  the  good 
feeling  displayed.  i!^or  should  it  go  unrecorded  that  Col.  John- 
son was  by  no  means  forgotten  in  the  general  outburst  of  con- 
gratulation. He  "  sold  the  stick  which  broke  his  own  head," 
and  no  mistake,  for  after  breeding  Bonnets  o'  Blue  from  his  own 
Sir  Charles,  and  running  her  with  great  success,  he  parted  with 
her  to  Mr.  Gibbons,  who  bred  from  her  a  filly,  which  has  beaten 


KECAPITULATION. 


299 


the  best  horse  Col.  Johnson  has  ever  had  in  his  stable,  since  the 
days  of  his  favorite  Reality,  the  renowned  grand-dam  of  Fashion 
herself. 

KECAPITrLATION. 
TUESDAY,  May  10, 1842.— Match,  tlie  North  vs.  the  South,  $20,000  a  side,  $5,000  ft,  four-mile 

heats. 
Henry  H.  ToIer"s— William  Gibbons,— ch.  m.  Fashion,  by  Imp.  Trustee,  out  of  Bonnets 

o'  Blue-Mariner's  Dam-by  Sir  Charles,  5  years,  111  lbs Jo-ieph  Laird.        1    1 

Col  Wm.  E.  Johnson's  and  James  Long's  ch.  h.  Boston,  by  Timoleon,  out  of  Robin  Brown's 

damby  Ball's  Florizel,  9  yrs.,  126  lbs &il.  Patrick.       2    2 


FiEST  Heat. 


Time  of  First  mile, 
"     '•    Second  mile, 
"     "   Third  mile, 
"     "   Fourth  mile, 

Time  of  Frst  Heat, 


M.  8. 

1  53 

1  50i 

1  54 

1  55 

7  32J 


Second  Heat. 


Time  of  First  mile, 
"      "  Second  miie, 
"     "  Third  mile, 
"     "   Fourth  mile, 

Time  of  Second  Heat, 


59 
5T 
5U 
57* 


7    45 


At  the  Jockey  Club  Dinner,  after  the  match,  Mr.  Long  of- 
fered to  run  Boston  against  Fashion,  for  $20,000,  $5,000  for- 
feit, four-mile  heats,  at  any  time  to  be  agreed  upon  by  the  par- 
ties between  the  25th  of  September  and  the  25th  of  October, 
next. 

He  also  authorized  us  to  state  in  our  Extra,  that  he  would 
bet  $1,000  he  wins  with  Boston  the  regular  Jockey  Club  purse, 
four-mile  heats,  on  Friday,  on  the  Union  Course, — $1,000  that 
Boston  wins  the  Jockey  Club  purse  at  Trenton,  and  $1,000  that 
Boston  wins  the  Jockey  Club  purse  at  Camden,  the  week  fol- 
lowing. 

Last  Day. — ^The  attraction  of  three  races,  in  one  of  which 
Boston  was  to  contend  witli  a  son  of  Bonnets  o'  Blue,  drew  a 
large  assemblage  to  the  course,  and  they  were  amply  entertained 
by  a  race — if  not  so  brilliant  as  that  of  Fashion  on  Tuesday— 
at  least  as  critical  and  a2)j)arently  more  doubtful. 

The  sport  commenced  with  a  trial  of  speed  at  mile  heats  be- 
tween Tempest  and  Prima  Donna,  the  colt  winning  in  two 
heats,  the  latter  of  which  was  particularly  interesting.  Time, 
1.55 — 1.55.  Joe  Laird  jockied  the  winner,  who,  we  regret  to 
say,  was  sold  at  auction  after  the  race,  and  was  knocked  down 
for  the  paltry  sum  of  $180,  to  Capt.  Shirley,  of  the  Tth  Hussars, 
B.  A.,  who  has  been  in  attendance  upon  our  races.  Other  stock 
was  offered,  but  we  learn  was  bid  in. 


300  THE   nOKSE. 

Now  came  off  the  great  race  of  the  day — the  struggle  be- 
tween Boston  and  Mariner.  The  former  was  backed  in  the 
morning  at  100  to  30,  and  before  the  start  at  100  to  20,  which 
were  not  taken  with  alacrity.  Boston  had  the  pole,  but  retained 
it  for  a  few  yards  only.  Mariner  going  to  the  front,  on  the  first 
turn,  and  leading  by  several  lengths.  The  pace  for  the  first 
mile  was  so  slow  as  2.13,  Mariner  cutting  out  the  work  ;  he  in- 
creased his  rate  in  the  second  mile,  which  was  run  in  about 
2.05,  opening  the  gap  on  the  backside  between  Boston  and  him- 
self, while  Boston  lessened  it  a  little  in  the  straight,  running  in 
front.  In  the  third  mile,  the  j^ace  was  still  further  imjDroved, 
both  horses  tasting  the  persuaders  freely  ;  the  fourth  mile  was 
yet  more  desperately  contested,  though  without  much  change 
in  the  position  of  the  horses,  Boston,  who  was  ridden  by  Gil, 
without  s]3urs,  was  most  severely  scored  in  coming  home  ;  but 
as  it  was  all  in  vain,  he  pulled  up  inside  the  distance  stand. 
Mariner  came  in  amidst  the  most  tremendous  shouts  in  8.13. 

The  friends  of  Old  Whitenose  were  undismayed  by  the  loss 
of  the  heat,  and  he  still  retained  the  call  in  the  betting  at  about 
100  to  80.  As  in  the  former  heat  Joe  Laird  went  away  with 
the  lead,  and  driving  his  horse  at  a  much  better  pace  than 
before.  At  the  south  turn,  in  the  commencement  of  the  second 
mile,  the  old  horse  showed  a  taste  of  his  old  style  of  going,  chal- 
lenged for  the  lead  and  gained  it  in  a  twinkling.  No  respite 
however  was  given  by  Joe  to  Mariner,  who  ran  well  up  through- 
out that  and  the  following  mile,  though  the  running  was  strongly 
forced  by  Gil.  Patrick.  In  the  first  quarter  of  the  fourth  mile, 
in  very  nearly  the  place  where  Fashion  made  her  run,  Joe  went 
up  with  a  rush,  took  the  track  with  apparent  ease,  continued  to 
urge  his  horse  with  whip  and  spur,  and  widening  the  gap 
with  every  stride.  Before  they  came  into  straight  running 
home,  he  was  leading  by  six  or  eight  lengths,  and  the  race  was 
apparently  safe.  But  here  Gil.  Patrick  brought  up  his  nag  in 
a  style  quite  incomparable  ;  such  a  rush  we  do  not  remember 
ever  to  have  seen  made  ;  the  old  horse  appeared  to  sympathize 
with  his  eager  rider,  and  showed  all  of  that  speed  which  has 
won  for  him  his  great  renown.  Joe  did  not  appear  to  be  aware 
of  his  close  proximity  till  he  came  within  the  gates,  when  he 
too  found  his  whip  and  plied  it  lustily.    The  thing  was  out,  how- 


THE   THIRD    HEAT.  301 

ever,  for  notliing  but  a  locomotive  could  have  lield  its  way  with 
Boston,  who  in  his  turn  came  home,  amid  the  enthusiastic  cries 
of  the  poj^iilace,  in  7.4:6.  Many  watches  made  the  time  a  half 
second  quicker ;  the  heat,  which  was  won  by  a  length,  was  the 
most  interesting  we  recollect  ever  to  have  seen.  "We  have 
heard  the  riding  of  Joe  in  the  last  mile  criticised  ;  it  is  said  he 
took  too  much  out  of  his  horse  after  he  had  passed  Boston,  by 
forcing  the  running  as  he  did.  Our  impression  is  that  he  pur- 
sued the  safer  course,  and  that  he  lost  the  heat,  only,  in  conse- 
quence of  the  tremendous  speed  which  his  antagonist  exhibited 
in  the  quarter  stretch.  There  is  no  difference  of  opinion  as  to 
the  masterly  style  in  which  Gil.  took  the  heat ;  it  would  com- 
pare favorably  with  any  performance  of  Chifney  or  Robinson. 

Tlie  third  heat  was  scarcely  less  interesting  than  the  jDrevious 
one.  Boston  took  up  the  running  early,  but  was  followed  by 
Mariner  at  the  best  pace  steel  and  catgut  could  get  out  of  him. 
This  severe  chase  continued  throughout  three  miles  and  a  half, 
when  Mariner  closed  up  a  little.  In  coming  into  the  quarter 
stretch  home,  Gil.  gave  the  pole  a  Avide  birth,  and  Joe  imme- 
diately took  advantage  of  it,  and  made  a  rush  to  take  the  lead 
on  the  inside.  The  struggle  was  now  most  exciting,  as  Mariner 
was  evidently  drawing  raj^idly  upon  his  antagonist.  At  about 
the  distance  stand  he  lapped  on  to  him,  when  Gil  appeared  to 
pull  his  horse  toward  the  pole  again,  and  thus  crossed  the  path 
of  Mariner,  and  interrupted  his  stride.  The  pace  was  terrific, 
however,  till  the  finish,  Boston  taking  the  heat,  with  his  tail 
flirting  directly  in  the  face  of  his  competitor,  time  T.5S^.  A 
complaint  was  then  made  of  foul  riding  against  the  winner,  but 
it  was  not  deemed  by  the  judges  to  be  substantiated,  and  the 
race  and  purse  were  accordingly  awarded  to  Boston.  All  know 
how  critical  and  hazardous  is  the  attempt  to  j)ass  a  leading 
horse  on  the  inside.  Many  believe  that  Joe  Laird  was  author- 
ized by  the  position  of  Boston  to  make  the  effort  he  did,  and 
that  but  for  being  crossed  and  crowded  he  would  have  won  the 
race  by  it.  The  rightful  authorities  decided  otherwise,  however, 
and  we  acquiesce  in  their  decision  without  hesitation. 

The  race  will  be  long  remembered  as  one  of  the  most  inter- 
esting that  ever  came  off  on  Long  Island  ;  the  performance  of 
Mariner  surprised  all  his  friends  by  the  unwonted  sjpeed  which 


302  THE   HORSE. 

he  displayed,  wliile  lie  ran  as  game  a  race  as  any  house  that  ever 
made  a  track.  After  the  wonderful  performance  of  Boston  on 
Tuesday  last,  his  race  of  yesterday  will,  we  have  no  doubt,  bo 
esteemed  one  of  the  most  remarkable  in  the  annals  of  the  Turf. 
— Spirit  of  the  Times,  vol.  xii.,  124. 


Those  superb  animals,  Boston  and  Fashion,  never  met  again, 
though  both  fully  maintained  their  distinction. 

Fashion's  races  with  Peytona  have  been  elsewhere  described. 
In  the  end,  she  was  trashed  off  her  feet,  and  beat  by  Passenger, 
when  she  was  not  in  a  condition  to  start  against  a  cocktail. 

Boston,  as  a  stallion,  has  done  as  nobly  for  the  country  in 
the  stud  as  he  did  on  the  track,  as  a  racer. 

Fashion  is,  as  yet,  untried,  but  I  am  happy  to  announce  on 
the  authority  of  her  owner,  Mr.  Keber,  of  Lancaster,  Ohio,  that 
she  was  never  better,  and,  is  this  fall,  as  fine  as  a  four-year-old. 

H.  w.  n. 


PEDIGREE, 

CHARACTERISTICS,  AND  PERFORMANCES  OF  LEXINGTON. 

Lexington  was  got  in  1849,  foaled  in  1850,  by  Boston,  dam 
Alice  Carneal  by  Sarpedon,  gd.  Rowena  by  Sumpter,  g.  gd. 
Lady  Gray  by  Eobin  Gray,  g.  g.  gd.  Maria  by  Melzar,  g.  g.  g. 
gd.  by  imp.  Highflyer,  g.  g.  g.  g.  gd.  by  imp.  Fearnought,  g.  g. 
g.  g.  g.  gd.  by  Ariel,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  gd.  by  imp.  Jack  of  Dia- 
monds out  of  the  imp.  mare  Diamond  (called  Dutchess),  by  the 
Cullen  Arabian,  both  imported  by  General  Alexander  Spotts- 
wood,  of  Virginia. 

Boston. — See  his  pedigree  in  eocteiiso  at  p.  280. 

Sarpedon  was  by  Emilius,  dam  learia  by  the  Flyer,  gd. 
Parma  by  Dick  Andrews,  g.  gd.  May  by  Beningborough,  g.  g. 
gd.  Primrose  by  Mambrino,  g.  g.  g.  gd.  Cricket  by  Herod,  g. 
g.  g.  g.  gd.  Sophia  by  Blank,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  gd.  Diana  by  Second, 
g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  gd.  Hanger's  Br.  mare  by  Stanyan's  Arab,  g.  g. 
g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  gd.  Gipsey  by  No-tongued  Barb,  Makeless,  Royal 
mare. 

Emilius  was  by  Orville  out  of  Emily. — See  Genealogy  5, 
of  Priam. 

Dick  Andrews  was  by  Joe  Andrews,  dam  by  Highflyer, 
Cardinal  Puff,  Tatler,  Snip,  Godolphin  A.,  Frampton's  White- 
neck,  Pelham  Barb  mare. 

Joe  Andrews  was  by  Eclipse,  dam  Amaranda  by  Omnium, 
Cloudy  by  Blank,  Crab,  "Widdrington  mare  by  Partner. 

Beninborough, — His  pedigree  entire  in  Priam's  genealogy,  5. 

Mambrino  was  got  by  Engineer,  dam  by  Cade,  Bolton  Lit- 


304:  THE    HORSE. 

tie-John,  Favorite  by  a  son  of  tlie  Bald  Galloway,  dam  of  Daffo- 
dill  by  Sir  T.  Gas.coigne's  foreign  horse. 

SuMPTER  was  by  Sir  Arehy,  dam  by  Robin  Redbreast,  own 
sister  to  the  dam  of  Rattler,  Cliilders  and  Flirtilla,  g.  d.  by  imp. 
Obscurity,  g.  g.  d.  Slamerkin,  by  imp.  "Wildair,  g.  g.  g,  d.  Do- 
lancy's  Cub  mare. 

Robin  Redbreast,  imp.,  was  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  dam  Wren, 
by  Woodpecker,  grand  dam  Sir  Peter's  dam. 

There  are  seven  Rattlers  in  Mason,  one  in  Edgar. 

Robin  Gray  was  by  imported  Royalist,  dam  by  Grey  Dio- 
med,  grand  dam  by  imp.  St.  George,  g.  g.  d.  by  Cashier  or 
Cassius. 

Royalist  was  by  Saltram,  dam  a  llerod  mare,  Carina,  by 
Marske,  Blank,  Dizzy  by  Driver,  Smiling  Tom,  Miss  Hip  by 
Oysterfoot,  Merlin,  Commoner,  Coppin  mare. 

Saltram  was  by  Eclipse,  dam  Virago  by  Snap,  Regulus,  sis- 
ter to  Black  and  All  Black. 

Grey  Diomed  was  by  Medley,  Sloe,  Valiant,  imp.  mare  Ca- 
lista.  She  is  not  in  the  Stud-Book.  Calista  can  be  found  in 
Bruce  Stud-Book,  page  70. 

St.  George  was  by  Highflyer,  dam  sister  to  Soldier  by  Eclipse, 
Miss  Spindleshanks  hy  Omar,  Starling,  Godolphin  Arabian. 

Cassius  by  Black  and  All  Black,  dam  by  Yorick;  2d  dam 
by  imp.  Tryall. 

Melzar  was  by  imp.  Medley,  dam  by  Symme's  "Wildair,  gd. 
by  imp.  Vampire,  dam  imp.  Kitty  Fisher. 

Medley  was  b}'  Gimcrack,  Arminda  by  Snap,  Miss  Cleveland 
by  Regulus,  Midge  by  a  son  of  Bay  Bolton  ;  Bartlett's  Childers. 
Honeywood's  Arabian,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Vampire*  was  by  Regulus  out  of  Wildair's  dam. 

Kitty  Fislier  was  by  Cade,  her  dam  by  the  Godolphin  Ara- 
bian, and  said  to  be  out  of  Bald  Charlotte  ;  but  the  last  point 
cannot  be  established.     Not  improbable. 

Imp.  Highflyer  was  by  Highflyer,  out  of  Angelica  by  Snap, 
Regulus,  Bartlett's  Childers,  Honeywood's  Arabian,  dam  of  the 
two  True  Bhies. 

*  Vampire,  Edgar  states,  was  by  "Wilson's  Arabian,  but  the  English  Stud-Book 
states  he  was  by  Regulus.  See  English  Stud-Book,  vol.  1,  page  203;  or,  Bruce 
Stud-Book,  vol.  1,  page  58. — Ed. 


DESCKIPTION   OF    LEXINGTON.  305 

Fearnought  was  by  Regulus,  Silvertail  by  Whitenose, 
Rattle  Darley  Arabian,  Old  Child  mare  by  Gresley's  Arabian, 
Yixen  by  Helinsley  Turk,  Dodworth's  dam. 

Ariel  was  by  Moreton's  Traveller,  out  of  Tasker's  imported 
mare  Selima. 

Imp.  Traveller  was  by  Croft's  Partner,  Bloody  Buttocks, 
Grreyhound,  Makeless,  Brimmer,  &c. 

Tasker's  Selima  was  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  her  dam  the 
Large  Hartley  mare. 

Selim.—- There  are  six  Selims  in  Edgar  besides  the  English 
Horse  by  Black  and  All  Black,  also  Othello,  out  of  Selima, 
which  is,  I  presume,  the  horse  intended. 

Jack  of  Diamonds,  said  to  be  by  the  Cullen  Arabian,  Darley 
Arabian,  Byerly  Turk,  Taffolet  Barb,  White  Turk,  Natural 
Barb  mare  ;  said  also  to  have  been  imported  by  Col.  Spottes- 
wood,  of  Virginia.  But  there  is  no  evidence  whatever  that 
there  ever  was  any  such  horse,  by  the  English  books. 

The  same  may  be  said  of  the  imported  mare  Diamond. 

There  is  no  such  mare  in  any  English  record,  nor  any  cer- 
tainty that  she  ever  existed.  Diamond  has  always  been  a 
horse's  name.  She  is  said  to  have  been  got  by  Hautboy  out  of 
a  Royal  mare. 

As  to  Jack  of  Diamonds  and  the  mare  Old  Diamond  (called 
Dutchess),  we  have  the  statement  of  Gen.  Spottswood  as  to 
their  pedigi'ees,  and  it  comes  as  well  authenticated  as  any  of  our 
earlier  pedigrees.  Both,  he  states,  were  by  the  Cullen  Arabian, 
and  were  imported  before  the  revolutionary  war,  for  Jack  of 
Diamonds  stood  at  Solomon  Dun's  in  Virginia,  1763.  It  is 
singular  that  Mr.  Herbert  should  have  been  led  into  error  about 
the  pedigree  of  Lexington,  when  he  had  access  to  all  the  books 
of  the  day,  and  in  hardly  a  volume  from  the  commencement  of 
the  American  Turf  Register,  in  1830,  to  its  close  in  1815,  but 
what  the  pedigree  of  Lexington  could  be  found  as  here  set  forth  : 

Lexington  was  foaled  in  1850 ;  Alice  Carneal  in  1836 ;  Rowena 

in  1826;  Lady  Grey  in  1817;  Maria  in  1802;  Highflyer  mare 

in  1792;  the  Fearnought  mare  in  1769.     Now  each  of  these 

mares,  from  Maria  in  1805,  her  first  appearance  upon  the  turf, 

to  1843,  the  close  of  Alice  Carneal's  career,  have  a  record  upon 

the  turf.     Flerbert  also  stites  that  Alice  Carneal  seems  never  to 
Vol.  I.— 20 


306  THE   HOESE. 

have  won  a  race,  but  ran  second  in  the  first  heat  of  a  four-mile 
race  to  Miss  Foote  in  7.42,  the  best  time  ever  made  in  Kentucky, 
though  she  was  distanced  in  the  second  heat.  She  was  distanced, 
but  the  second  heat  was  run  in  7.40,  and  she  did  most  of  the 
running  for  three  miles.  Alice  Carneal  never  ran  in  public  until 
she  was  live  years  old,  and  continued  to  run  for  three  years. 
She  was  of  a  particular  high,  nervous  temperament,  to  such  a 
degree  that  she  would  get  out  of  condition  between  her  stable 
and  the  race-course.  Dr.  E.  Warfield,  who  bred  her  and  her 
distinguished  son  Lexington,  stated  that  at  home  she  was  superior 
to  any  horse  he  had  ever  bred.  During  her  turf  career  she 
started  in  eight  races  and  won  two,  one  a  race  of  four  heats  of 
two  miles.  Besides  Lexington,  Alice  Carneal  produced  Miss 
Trustee,  by  imp.  Trustee ;  Fance  and  Grey  Alice  by  Chorister ; 
Didie,  afterwards  called  Maid  of  Orleans,  who  won  some  thirty 
out  of  forty  races ;  Release,  Rescue,  and  Chronometer,  all  by 
Berthune ;  Rescue  is  the  dam  of  Abdel  Kader  ;  Waxy,  by  Bu- 
ford,  a  splendid  race-horse,  who  had  the  best  two-mile  race  on 
record  for  some  years  ;  Lavender,  by  Wagner,  a  good  race-mare, 
who  has  since  produced  Helmbold  by  imp.  Australian,  Umpire 
by  Lecomte,  Annette  by  imp.  Scythian  ;  the  two  latter  were 
taken  to  England. 

This  noble  racer  is  well  described,  as  follows  : — 

CHAKACTEEISTICS    OF   LEXINGTON. 

Lexington  is  a  blood  bay,  about  fifteen  hands  tln-ee  inches 
high,  with  fore  and  hind  feet  and  pasterns  and  a  small  portion 
of  his  hind  legs  above  pasterns  white.  His  bones  are  not  par- 
ticularly large,  except  the  back  bone,  which  is  unusually  so. 
His  muscle  is  abundant,  dry  and  sinewy,  without  any  cumbrous 
flesh ;  his  ears,  which  are  handsome  and  wide  apart,  are  beauti- 
fully placed  ;  his  head,  though  not  small,  is  bony,  clean,  and 
handsome.  His  nostrils  being  large,  the  jawbone  is  uncommon- 
ly wide,  and  the  jaws  wide  apart,  afibrding  abundant  room  for 
a  clear  and  well  detached  throttle.  His  left  eye  full  and  mild, 
though  animated  ;  his  right  eye  has  lost  its  convexity  from 
disease ;  *  he  has  a  noble  countenance,  indicating  good  temper 
and  disposition,  for  which  he  is  remarkable.  His  neck  rises  well 
from  his  shoulders,  and  joins  his  head  admirably.    His  shoulder 

«  He  has,  since  this  was  written,  I  regret  to  say,  gone  blind. — H.  W.  H. 


PEEFOEMANCES    OF   LEXINGTON".  307 

lias  a  very  wide  bone,  very  strong,  well  displayed,  particularly 
oblique,  and  rises  sufficiently  high  at  the  withers,  without  any 
of  that  superfluous  neck  so  frequently  seen  to  surmount  the 
shoulders  two  or  three  inches,  vrhich  cannot  add  to  power  or 
easy  motion.  His  arms  come  out  well  from  the  body,  are  suf- 
ficiently wide  apart  for  a  good  chest,  and  are  long,  muscular, 
and  strong.  His  back  of  medium  length,  'coupling  pretty  well 
back,  a  loin  wide,  slightly  arched  and  very  powerful.  His  body 
will  bear  the  most  rigid  scrutiny — it  looks  perfection,  being 
ribbed  in  the  best  possible  manner,  and  very  deep  throughout, 
which  makes  his  legs  appear  short,  while  at  the  same  time  he 
has  a  great  reach.  His  hips  are  not  remarkably  wide,  though 
strong,  and  in  the  sweep  down  to  and  embracing  the  hock,  he 
has  rarely  an  equal.  His  feet  though  mostly  white,  are  excel- 
lent, as  are  his  legs,  with  good  bone,  clear,  strong  tendons,  and 
good  proportions,  uniting  in  their  motion  great  ease  and  cor- 
rectness. His  action  cannot  be  surpassed ;  bold,  free,  elastic, 
and  full  of  power ;  and  with  his  elegance  of  action,  and  a  re- 
markable racing-like  form  throughout,  he  unites  great  beauty 
and  grandeur. 

The  above  description,  taken  from  the  New  Orleans  Daily 
Picayune,  is  said  to  be  strikingly  correct ;  while  the  portrait 
accompanying  these  pages,  engraved  on  steel  by  Mr.  Duthle, 
from  an  original  lithograph  published  by  Mr.  Currier  of  this 
city,  with  the  authority  and  approbation  of  his  owner.  Mi-. 
Tenbroeck,  is  admitted  to  be  a  very  lifelike  representation  of 
this  truly  high-finished  racer,  when  in  training  to  run. 

I  have  recently  seen  another  likeness  by  Mr.  Troye,  which 
depicts  him  as  a  stouter,  heavier-bodied,  and  shorter-legged  ani- 
mal than  our  picture,  but  I  understand  that  it  was  taken  when 
he  was  fat  and  out  at  grass,  which  every  hoi-seman  knows  has  a 
tendency  to  let  down  the  belly  and  make  the  frame  grosser  and 
more  fleshy.  The  points,  however,  in  both,  so  closely  agree, 
that  the  one  portrait  confirms  and  authenticates  the  other. 

Up  to  the  date  of  the  remarkable  contests  of  which  a  descrip- 
tion immediately  ensues,  Lexington's  performances  were  as 
follows. 


308  THE  HOESE. 


PERFORMANCES  OF  LEXINGTON. 

His  first  appearance  was  at  Lexington,  Kj.,  May  23d,  1853, 
Association  stake  for  3  yr.  olds,  20  subscribers,  at  $100  each, 
$50  forfeit ;  the  Association  to  give  to  the  winner  silver  plate 
of  the  value  of  $100.     Mile  heats  : — 

E.  WaifieUrs  b.  c.  Darleij  {Lexington),  by  Boston,  dam  Alice  Carneal,  by  imp.  Sarpedon, 

3  years  old, 11 

John  Harper's  br.  c.  Wild  Irishman,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  dam  Mary  Morris,       ...  22 
John  Campbell's  ch.  f.  Fi:/;iny  J^«;r«,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  dam  Cub,  by  Medoc,         .        .        .48 

.1.  M.  Clay's  b.  f.  JIado?ina,  by  imp.  Yorksbire,  dam  Magnolia,  by  Glencoe,    ...  3  dist. 

H.  "W.  Farris'  ch.  g.  Castro,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  dam  by  Wagner, dist. 

P.  Mclntire's  ch.  f. ,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  dam  Tarico,  by  Sumpter,     ....  dist. 

James  K.  Duke's  ch.  f.  Blonde,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  dam  sister  to  Tangent,  by  Wagner,  .        .  dist. 

K.  P.  Field's  b.  c.  Jim  Barton,  by  Grey  Eagle,  dam  Ann  Innis,  by  Eclipse,     .        .        .  dist. 

Adams  &  Ford's  ch.  c.  McGrath,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  dam  by  John  Kichards,  .  .        .  dist. 

James  L.  Bradley's  b.  c.  Vandal,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  dam  Alaric's  dam,  by  imp.  Tranby,  dist. 

F.  G.  Murphy  &,  Co.'s  b.  c.  Big  Bofiion,  by  Boston,  dam  Tranbyana,  by  imp.  Tranby,          .  dist. 
Taylor  &,  Bales  ch.  c.  Garret  Davis,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  dam  Buford's  dam,  by  Sir  Leslie,  dr. 

Time  1.55^ — 1.57.    Track  very  heavy,  and  raining. 
A  false  start  was  made  prior  to  the  first  heat,  Madonna,  Garret  Davis,  and  Darley  (Lexington), 
ran  two  miles  and  three-quarters  before  they  could  be  taken  up.    Darley  leading.     With  consent 
of  the  judges,  Garret  Davis  was  withdrawn. 

Lexington,  Ky.,  May  2Tth,  1853.  Citizen's  stake  for  3  year 
olds,  seventeen  subscribers,  at  $100  each,  $50  forfeit ;  the  citi- 
zens of  Lexington  giving  the  winner  silver  plate  of  the  value  of 
$100.     Two-mile  heats  .— 

E.  Warfield's  b.  c.  Darley  {Leamington),  by  Boston,  dam  Alice  Carneal,  by  Sarpedon,  .211 

John  Harper's  ch.  f.  J/edica)/,  by  Boston,  dam  by  Mingo, 12    2 

Taylor  &  Eales  ch.  c.  Garret  Davis,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  dam  Too  Soon,  by  Sir  Leslie,  .438 
J.  M.  Clay's  ch.  f.  Margaret  M'est,  by  imp.  Yorkshire,  dam  Heraldry,  by  Herald,         .         3  dist 

li.  P.  Field's  b.  c.  ilim  Barton,  by  Giey  Eagle,  dam  Ann  Innis,  by  Eclipse,       .        .  .5  dist. 
J.  K.  Duke's  ch.  f.  Blonde,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  dam  sister  to  Tangent,  by  Wagner,          .         dist. 

John  Campbell's  ch.  f. ,  by  Boston,  dam  Fanny  Elssler, dist. 

Time,  3.42^:3.41i— 3.49. 

Ills  first  appearance,  under  his  present  name,  was  on  the 
Metairie  Course,  New  Orleans,  Dec.  2d,  1853,  in  a  match-race, 
on  the  following  terras : — 

Match  for  $8,500— $5,000  on  Sally  Waters  against  $;3,500  on  Lexington.  Three-mile  heats,  h.  8. 
R.  Ten  Broeck's  b.  c.  Lexington,  by  Boston,  out  of  Alice  Carneal,  by  Sarpedon,  3  years.    1    1 
L.  Sniith's  b.  f.  Sally  Waters,  by  Imp.  Glencoe,  out  of  Maria  Black,  4  years        .        .       2  dist. 
Time,  6m.  SSjS.— 6m.  24Js.    Track  heavy. 

Sucli  was  the  promising  commencement  of  an  extraordinary 
career,  which,  for  its  short  duration,  has  been  unequalled  in  the 
history  of  the  American  Turf. 

His  second  appearance  was  in  three-year-old  stakes  on  the 
Metairie  Course,  at  Kew  Orleans,  January  7,  1854,  two  mile 


PERFORMANCES   OF   LEXINGTON.  309 

heats,  four  subscribers,  when  he  paid  forfeit  to  Conrad  the  Cor- 
sair, Argent,  and  Hornpipe. 

On  the  1st  of  April  of  the  same  year,  and  on  the  same  course, 
he  started  for  the  great  State  Post  Stakes  for  all  ages — 3  yr.  olds, 
86  pounds;  4  yr,  olds,  100  pounds;  5  yr.  olds,  110  pounds;  6 
yr,  olds,  118  pounds;  7  yrs.  old,  and  upwards,  124  pounds; 
allowing  three  pounds  to  mares  and  geldings.     Four-mile  heats. 

ENTRIES    STARTED   FOR  THE   SWEEPSTAKES. 

For  Kentucky,  b.  c.  Lexington,  by  Boston,  out  of  Alice  Carneal,  by  Imp.  Sarpedon, 

3  years  old 11 

For  Mississippi,  ch.  c.  Lecomte,  by  Boston,  out  of  Reel,  by  Imp.  Gleacoe,  3  yrs.          .  2    2 
For  Alabama,  ch.  c.  Highlander,  by  Imp.  Glencoe,  out  of  Castanet,  by  Imp.  Monarch, 

4  years  old 3dist 

For  Louisiana,  ch.  g.  Arrow,  by  Boston,  out  of  Jeanneton,  by  Imp.  Leviathan    .       ,  dist 

This  was  the  first  taste  of  the  quality  of  the  noble  rivals. 
The  course  is  stated  to  have  been  very  heavy,  and  the  time 
made  justifies  the  statement,  as  it  gives  no  token  for  their  sub- 
sequent mighty  achievements. 

FIRST  HEAT.  SECOND  HEAT. 


Time  of  1st  mile,       ....  2.01 

2d     "...       .  2.03 

3d     " 2.01J 

4th    "        .        .        .        .  2.04} 

Time  of  first  heat,       .       .       .  S.OSi 


Time  of  1st  mile,        ....  2.02 

2d     "...       .  2.03} 

"  3d     " 1.59} 

4th    "       .        ,        .        .  1.59 

Time  of  second  heat,       .        .       .  8.04 


The  next  appearance  of  the  two  rivals  was  on  the  8tli  day 
of  the  same  month,  when  they  again  came  together,  on  the  same 
course,  for  the  Jockey  Club  Purse,  with  a  very  dififerent  rate  of 
going,  and  a  different  result. 

Jockey  Club  Purse  $2,000,  all  ages  ;  weight  as  above. 

ENTRIES  STARTED  FOR  THE  PURSE. 

T.  J.  Wells'  ch.  c.  Lecomte,  by  Boston,  out  of  Reel,  by  Imp.  Glencoe,  3  years,  carried 

3  pounds  overweight, 11 

A.  L.  Bingaman's  b.  c.  Lexington,  by  Boston,  out  of  Alice  Carneal,  by  Imp.  Sarpedon, 

3  years, 2    2 

Judge  Hunter's  ch.  g.  Reule,  by  Imp.  Trustee,  out  of  Minstrel,  by  Medoc,  aged,    .       .       3  disL 

This  race  was  the  fastest  that  at  tliat  time  had  ever  been  run, 
and  gave  occasion  to  the  long  and  eventful  struffcrle  which  fol 
lowed,  as  will  be  seen  by  the  following  record. 


310  THE   HOKSE. 


FIEST  HEAT.  SECOND  HEAT. 


Tlmo  of  1st  mile,       ....  1.53 

"  2d     "...       .  1.54 

»  8d     " 1.49* 

«  4th    "...       .  1.49J 

Time  of  first  heat T.26 


Time  of  1st  mile,       ....  2.02 

"  2d     "...       .  1.58 

"  3d     " 1.46 

4th    "        .        .        .        .  1.52} 

Time  of  second  heat,       .        .       .  T.SSJ 


In  the  autumn  of  the  same  year,  he  paid  forfeit  at  the  Na- 
tional Course,  Long  Island,  not  being  at  the  ]S"orth  at  the  time  ; 
but  it  was  understood  that  Mr.  Ten  Broeck  was  still  so  confident 
of  his  horse's  qualities,  tliat  he  was  prepared  to  run  him  again 
either  against  Lecomte,  or  against  Lecomte's  time,  if  his  owner 
should  decline  the  contest ;  and  so  great  was  the  confidence  of 
the  sporting  world  in  that  gentleman's  excellent  judgment,  that, 
in  spite  of  the  apparently  desperate  chance  of  beating  such  time 
as  Ym.  26s.,  many  were  found  to  back  his  opinion ;  and  in  the 
end  found  their  advantage  in  the  steadfastness  of  their  faith. 


BUMMAKT    OF     LEXINGTOn's    PEEFOKMAUCES. 

In  1S5.3,  started  three  times;  won  three. 

Lexington,  Ky.,  Association  Stake,  mile  heats f  1,700 

Lexington,  Ky.,  Citizens'  Stalie,  two-mile  heats 1,300 

New  Orleans,  a  match,  Sallie  Waters,  three-mile  heatt, 8,500 

In  1S54,  started  twice,  won  once. 

New  Orleans,  La.,  State  Post  Stake,  four-mile  heats 19,000 

In  1855,  started  twice;  won  twice. 

?f ew  Orleans,  La.,  Time  Match,  four  miles 20,000 

New  Orleans,  La.,  Jockey  Club  Purse  and  Inside  Stake,  four-mile  heats 6,000 

Started  1  times,  won  6.    Total  winnings $56,600 

x\fter  Lexington's  last  race  with  Lecomte,  Mr.  Ten  Broeck 
withdrew  him  from  the  turf,  and  he  made  his  first  season  of 
1855  at  W.  F.  Harper's,  Woodford  Co.,  Ky.,  limited  to  30  mares, 
at  $100  each,  payable  before  the  mare  was  served.  He  made 
the  season  of  1856  at  the  same  place,  and  upon  the  same  terms. 
During  the  month  of  June,  1856,  the  late  R.  A.  Alexander  went 
to  England  to  import  a  stallion,  accompanied  by  Mr.  Nelson 
Dudley,  of  Fayette  County,  Ky.  They  purchased  Scythian,  and 
then  bought  Lexington  at  $15,000  of  Mr.  Ten  Broeck,  who  was 
then  in  England — $7,500  cash,  and  the  balance  if  Lexington  was 
living  upon  Mr,  Alexander's  arrival  in  America.  He  has  stood 
at  Woodburn  Stud  Farm,  Spring  Station,  Woodford  County, 
K}''.,  ever  since. 


PERFORMANCES  OF  LEXINGTON.  311 

We  give  some  of  the  more  noted  of  his  get : — 

Aiisel,  Areola,  Asteroid,  Ba^'flower,  Bayonet,  Bertie  Ward, 
Daniel  Boone,  Donerail,  Fanny  Cheatham,  Goodwood,  Harry 
of  the  AV^est,  Idlewild,  Jack  Malone,  Kentucky,  Lancaster,  Load- 
stone, Lightning,  Korfolk,  Judge  Curtis,  Kingfisher,  and  Thun- 
der. 

By  looking  over  the  time  of  fast  races  given  in  another  part 
of  this  work,  it  will  be  seen  that  his  sons  and  daughters  have 
the  fastest  time  upon  record.  Judge  Curtis,  the  best  mile, 
1.43J ;  Lancaster,  the  best  two-mile  race,  3.35 J — 3.38| ;  Nor- 
folk, the  best  three-mile  race,  5.27J — 5.29| ;  and  Idlewild,  the 
best  heat  at  four  miles,  weight  for  age,  7.26|-. 

Lexington  stands  pre-eminently  the  best  race-horse,  as  he 
does  the  greatest  sire,  that  this  country  has  ever  produced. 
Twenty  years  old  this  past  spring,  he  looks  fresh  and  vigorous, 
and  seems  good  for  some  years  to  come,  and  we  hope  he  may  bo 
long  spared  to  perpetuate  his  kind,  and  enrich  the  stock  of  the 
country. 


PEDIGKEE, 

CHARACTERISTICS,    AND    PERFORMANCES    OF    LECOMTE. 

Lecomte  is  by  Boston  out  of  Reel,  by  Glencoe,  g.  dam  Gal 
lopacle  by  Catton,  g.  gr.  dam  Camillina  by  Camillus,  g.  g.  gr 
dam  by  Smolensko,  g.  g.  g,  gr,  dam  Miss  Canuon  by  Orville, 
g.  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam  Weathercock  mare,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam 
Cora  by  Matcbem,  Turk,  Cub,  AUwortliy,  Starling,  Bloody 
Buttocks,  Greyhound,  Brocklesby  Betty  by  Curwen  Bay  Barb, 
Hobby  Mare  by  Lister  Turk. 

Boston. — His  pedigree  in  extenso  is  above,  on  page  276. 

Glencoe. — His  pedigree.  Genealogy  Ko.  YI. 

Catton  was  by  Golumpus,  dam  Lucy  Gray,  by  Timothy,  gr 
dam  Lucy  by  Florizel,  g.  gr.  dam  Frenzy  by  Eclipse,  g.  g.  gr. 
dam  by  Engineer,  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam  by  Blank,  g.  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam 
Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Traveller,  Miss  Makeless,  &c. 

Golumpus  was  by  Gohanna,  dam  Catharine  by  Woodpecker, 
Camilla  by  Trentham,  &c. 

Engineer  was  by  Sampson,  Y.  Greyhound,  Curwen's  Bay 
Barb. 

Traveller  was  by  Partner,  Ahnanzor,  Grey  Hautboy,  Make- 
less,  Brimmer. 

Miss  Makeless  was  by  a  son  of  Gre^^hound  (out  of  Farewell), 
her  dam  by  Partner — Woodcock — Croft's  Bay  Barb — Makeless. 

For  Timoth^y,  Florizel,  Eclipse,  Blank,  Gohanna,  &c.,  &c., 
see  Genealogies  from  No.  I.  to  YH. 

Camillus  was  by  Hambletonian,  dam  Faith  by  Pacolet,  gr. 
dam  Atalanta  by  Matchem,  g.  gr.  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by 


PEKFOEMANCES  OF  LECOMTE.  313 

(>roonoko,  g.  g.  gr.  dam  sister  to  Clark's  Lass  of  the  Mill,  by 
Traveller,  out  of  Miss  Makeless. 

Pacolet  was  by  Blank,  darn  Whiteneck  by  old  Crab — Go- 
dolphin  Arabian — Con^-er's  Arab — Curwen's  Bay  Barb — Mar- 
slialTs  Spot — Lowther  ch.  Barb  —Old  Vintner  mare. 

Ilarnbletonian  was  by  King  Fergus — HighHyer — Monimia, 
by  Matcliem— Alcides — Crab — Snap's  dam, 

Oroonoko  was  by  Crab — Miss  Slamerkin  by  Young  True 
Blue — Oxford  Dun  Arabian— Darcy  Royal  mare. 

Smolensko  was  by  Sorcerer,  dam  Wowski  by  Mentor,  gr. 
dam  Waxy's  dam  by  Herod,  g.  gr.  dam  Lisette  by  Snap,  g.  g. 
gr.  dam,  Miss  Windsor  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  g.  g.  g.  gr. 
dam  sister  to  Yoluntcer  by  Young  Belgrade — Bartlett's  Childers. 

Sorcerer  was  by  Trumpator,  dam  Young  Giantess  by  Diomed — 
Giantess  by  Matchem — Babraham — Cole's  Foxhunter — Partner. 

Mentor  was  by  Justice,  dam  by  Shakspeare— Miss  Mere- 
dith— Little  Hartley  mare. 

Volunteer  was  by  Young  Belgrade— Bartlett's  Childers — 
Devonshire  Arab — Curwen  Bay  Barb — Old  Spot — Woodcock. 

Young  Belgrade  was  by  the  Belgrade  Turk — Bay  Bolton — 
Scarborough  mare. 

Old  Spot  was  by  the  Selaby  Turk. 

Woodcock,  brother  to  Castaway,  was  by  Merlin — son  of 
Brimmer. 

Orville  was  by  Beningborough,  dam  Evelina  b_y  Highflyer, 
gr.  dam  Termagant  by  Tantrum,  g.  gr.  dam  b}'  Sampson,  g.  g. 
gr.  dam  by  Regulus,  g.  g.  g.  gr.  dam  Marske's  dam. 

Weathercock  was  by  Highflyer,  dam  Trinket  by  Matchem, 
gr,  dam  Miss  Elliot — Gimcrack's  dam  by  Grisewood's  Partner — 
g.  gr.  dam  Celia  by  Partner — Bloody  Buttocks — Greyhound — 
Brocklesby  Betty, 

Grisewood's  Partner  was  by  Partner,  dam  by  Hutton's  gray 
Barb — ^Whynot — W^ilkinson  Turk — ^Woodcock. 

For  all  stallions  not  followed  out  to  the  end,  see  the  Genea- 
logical Tables,  as  above,  from  I.  to  YII. 

It  is  to  be  observed  here  that  the  above,  substituting  English 
Sovereign  for  Boston,  is  the  pedigree  of  Prioress,  who  is  half- 
sister  of  Lecomte. 


314  THE   nOKSE. 

Lecomte  is  a  rich  chestnut,  with  white  on  one  hind  leg, 
which  reaches  a  little  above  the  pastern  joint.  He  stands  fif- 
teen hands  three  inches  in  height.  Is  in  a  tine  racing  form, 
and  well  spread  tln-oughout  his  frame,  with  such  an  abundance 
of  bone,  tendon  and  muscle,  that  he  would  be  a  useful  horse  for 
any  purpose.  His  temper  is  excellent ;  he  is  easily  placed  in  a 
race,  and  yet  responds  promptly  to  the  extent  of  his  ability. 
He  never  tears  himself  and  his  jockey  to  pieces  by  attempting 
to  run  away.  His  action  is  low,  smooth,  and  easy.  His  stride 
is  about  twenty-three  feet,  and  he  gets  away  from  the  score  like 
a  quarter-horse.  He  has  a  constitution  of  iron,  the  appetite  of 
a  lion,  would  eat  sixteen  quarts  of  feed  if  it  was  given  to  him, 
and  can  stand  as  much  work  as  a  team  of  mules.  In  a  word, 
he  has  all  the  good  points  and  qualities  of  both  sire  and  dam, 
without  their  defects ;  consequently  he  is  about  as  fine  a  speci- 
men of  a  thoroughbred  as  can  be  found  in  this  or  any  other 
country. — Spirit  of  the  Tifnes,  Nov.  9,  1856. 

PERFORMANCES   OF   LECOMTE. 

This  noble  horse  commenced  his  career  one  year  earlier, 
according  to  Southern  dates,  although  in  reality  only  one  month 
intervened  between  their  starting. 

Lecomte  running  in  April  as  a  two-year-old,  previous  to  the 
first  of  May,  while  in  the  May  of  the  same  year,  1853,  Lexing- 
ton ran  as  a  three-year-old. 

Lecomte's  first  dehut  on  the  turf  was  for 

The  Sweepstakes,  two-year-olds,  colts  70  lbs.,  fillies  67  lbs.,  nine  Subscribers,  $500,  $200  ft.  Mile 
heats. 

T.  J.  "Wells'  ch.  c  Lecomte,  by  Boston  out  of  Keel, 11 

W.  J.  Minor's  ch.  c.  by  Voucher  out  of  Lady  Jane, S    2 

I.  A.  Grinstead's  ch.  c.  Argent,  by  Glencoe  out  of  Picayune,  .......  5    3 

J.  G.  Boswell's  ch.  g.  by  Boston  out  of  Minerva  Anderson — carried  9  lbs.  overweight,        .  2    4 

J.  M.  Clay's  Zero,  by  Boston  out  of  Zenobia, 4  dst 

The  others  paid  forfeit— Zero's  rider  fell. 

Time,  1.  48J.— 1.  45*. 

Subsequently  on  ISTov.  25th,  of  the  same  year,  at  the  Phar- 
salia  Course,  Natchez,  Mississippi,  he  won  the  three-year-old 
Sweepstakes,  as  below. 


PEKFOEMANCES  OF  LECOMTB.  315 

Sweepstakes  for  three-year-olds,  colts  8G  lbs.,  fillies  83  lbs.,  sis  subscribers  at  $400  each,  $100  forfeit. 
Two-mile  heats. 

T.  J.  Wells'  ch.  c.  Lecomte,  by  Boston  out  of  Eeel, 11 

A.  L.  Bingaraan's  br.  f.  Atala,  by  Euffin,  out  of  Arraline  by  "W.  Leviathan,    .        .        .        .22 
W.  J.  Minor's  ch.  g.  Conrad  the  Corsair,  by  Voucher  out  of  Lady  Jane  by  Leviathan,        .      8  dst 

Time,  SA^.—SA&i. 

These  two  victories  summed  his  performances  for  his  first 
year,  and  he  stood  as  yet  unbeaten. 

In  the  following  spring,  he  opened  his  campaign  on  the  Me- 
tairie  Course,  ISTew  Orleans,  in  the  year  1854. 

January  6th.— Sweepstakes  for  three-year-olds,  colts  86  lbs.  fillies  83  lbs.,  three  subscribers,  at  $300 
each,  $100  ft.     Mile  heats. 

T.  J.  Wells'  ch.  c.  Lecomte,  by  Boston  out  of  Eeel, 11 

D.  F.  Kenner's  gr.  f.  by  Imp.  Glencoe  out  of  Sally  Ward, 2    2 

W.  J.  Minor's  ch.  g.  by  Voucher  out  of  Lady  Jane,  paid  forfeit. 

Time,  1.47—1.47. 

Again  on  January  12th  he  started  for 

The  Jockey  Club  Purse,  $400,  for  all  ages,  3  year-olds,  86  lbs.,  4—100  lbs.,  5—110  lbs.,  6—118  lbs., 
7  and  upwards  124  lbs.,  allowing  mares  and  geldings  8  lbs. 

T.  J.  Wells' ch.  c.  Lecomte,  by  Boston  out  of  Eeel,  3  years, 11 

W.  J.  Minor's  d.  g.  Mary  Taylor,  by  Imp.  Sovereign  out  of  Clara  Howard,  4  years,        .        .32 
A.  L.  Bingaman's  ch.  g.  Joe  Blackburn,  by  Imp.  Glencoe,  dam  by  Frank,  3  years,       .       .48 

D.  F.  Kenner's  b.  f.  Medina,  by  Imp.  Sovereign  out  of  Flight,  4  years 2  dst 

Time,  3.  54^.— 3  52i/ 

At  the  same  meeting,  on  "Wednesday  19th,  he  again  ran  for 
the  purse  $300,  for  all  ages,  weiglit  as  above,  two-mile  heats. 

T.  J.  Wells'  Lecomte,  by  Boston  out  of  Eeel,  3  years, 11 

T.  C.  Waple's  ch.  c.  ty  Gallatin  out  of  Imp.  Cora,  3  years, 2    2 

Time,  8.44|.— 3.5«. 

On  the  first  of  April  following,  he  was  beaten  in  the  Great 
Stake,  Post  Stake  for  all  ages,  four-mile  heats,  by  Lexington,  as 
has  been  related  above  at  p.  307,  in  8.08f . — 8.04.  Arrow  and 
Highlander  being  distanced — the  former  in  the  first,  the  latter 
in  the  second  heat. 

Nothing  daunted,  liowever,  by  this,  his  first  reverse,  he,  on 
the  seventh  day  following — see  page  308 — turned  the  tables  on 
his  conqueror,  opening  the  eyes  of  the  world  by  the  unequalled 
time  for  two  four-mile  heats  of  Y.26 — 7.38|. 

He  thus  beat  Fashion's  time,  hitherto  the  fastest  on  record,  in 
the  first  heat  by  6|.,  in  the  second  heat  by  6^  seconds,  and  doing 
what  had  certainly  never  been  accomplished  before,  within  the 
annals  of  "  recorded  time." 


316 


THE   HORSE. 


Lexington  did  not  start  again  during  tliis  year,  but,  in  the 
autumn,  Lecomte  ran  on  the  Pharsalia  Course  at  ISTatcliez,  Mis- 
sissippi. 

"Wednesday,  Nov.  15th,  Association  purse,  $400,  ent  10  per  cent,  added,  for  all  ages— 3  year  olds  86 
lbs.— 4, 100  lbs.— 5, 110  lbs.— 6, 118  lbs.— 7  and  upwards,  124  lbs.— 3  lbs.  allowed  to  mares  and  geld- 
ings.   Two-mile  heats. 

T.  J.  Wells'  ch.  c.  Lecomte  by  Boston  out  of  Reel, 11 

A.  L.  Bingaman's  ch.  c.  Joe  Blackburn  by  Glencoe.  dam  by  Frank, 2    2 

Time  3.47i— 3.4Ci. 

Tliree  days  after  tins  he  walked  over  the  course  for  the  As- 
sociation of  four-mile  heats,  and  on  the  5th  of  December  follow- 
ing wound  np  his  glorious  campaign,  by  carrying  off  the  Jockey 
Club  purse  on  the  Metairie  Course,  for  all  ages. 

Tuesday,  Dec.  5th.  Jockey  Club  purse,  $400,  ent.  10  per  cent,  added,  for  all  ages— 3  years  old,  80 
lbs.— 4, 100  lbs.— 5,  110  lbs.— 6,  US  lbs.— 7  and  upwards,  124  lbs.— allowing  3  lbs.  to  mares  and 
geldings.    Two-mile  heats. 

T.  J.  "Wells'  ch.  c.  Lecomte  by  Boston  out  of  Eeol,  4  years, 11 

A.  G.  Lecomte's  ch.  g.  Gallatina  by  Gallatin  out  of  Eliza  Mills,  3  years,        .        .        .        .22 
A.  L.  Bingaman's  ch.  g.  Joe  Blackburn  by  Glencoe,  dam  by  Frank, 2    8 


FiEST  Heat. 


Time  of  First  mile,     . 
"      "  Second  mile, 

Time  of  First  Heat,    . 


M.  8. 

1  58 

1  58 

3  56 


Second  Heat. 


Time  of  First  mile, 
"    "  Second  mile, 

Time  of  Second  Heat, 


M.      B. 

1    55 
1    57i 

3    52i 


No  more  extraordinary  campaign,  in  point  of  time,  had  ever 
been  made  in  the  United  States,  if  elsewhere,  and  at  its  termi- 
nation Lecomte  had  a  right  to  repose  on  his  laurels,  with  the 
renown  which  his  friends  challenged  for  him,  as  of  right,  of 
being  the  fastest  four-miler  in  the  world. 

Still  the  friends  of  Lexington,  and  he  lacked  not  a  host  of 
them,  were  in  no  sort  dismayed,  but  asserted  that  he  could  do 
better  than  he  had  done,  yea !  better  than  Lecomte  himself, 
and  held  themselves  in  readiness  in  the  coming  year,  1855,  to 
"  put  it  to  the  touch,  to  win  or  lose  it  all.'' 


THE  GEEAT  CONTEST 

OF 

LECOMTE    AND    LEXINGTON. 

THE    FIRST   EVENT. 

THE  FASTEST  TIME  ON  EECOED !    EOUE-MILE  HEATS  IN  7.26— T.S8  3-4. 

"  The  fashion  of  tliis  world  passetli  away,"  saitli  the  good 
book  ;  and  we  have  a  new  illustration  of  it  furnished  us  uy  the 
events  of  yesterday's  race  on  the  Metairie  Course,  Fashion's 
7.321  and  7.45,  on  Long  Island,  in  1842,  and  George  Martin's 
7.33  and  7.43,  here,  in  1843,  the  two  best  races  that  have  ever 
been  run,  having  been  signally  beaten  by  the  winner  of  the 
day.  Where  is  Eclipse  now  ?  exclaimed  Young  America,  when 
Fashion  beat  Boston,  in  five  seconds  less  time  than  was  made 
by  the  conqueror  of  Henry.  Where  is  Fashion  now  ?  we,  in 
our  turn,  demand,  as  we  see  her  beaten,  in  six  seconds  and  a 
half  less  time  than  her  own. 

Ti'uly,  we  live  in  a  progressive  age,  and  what  we  are  coming 
to,  who  can  tell? 

During  the  week  past,  the  question  had  been  repeatedly 
asked,  if  any  of  the  contestants  in  the  late  State  Stake-race 
would  run  again  during  the  present  season.  A  feverish  excite- 
ment pervaded  the  community  in  view  of  such  a  possible  event, 
and  the  conviction  was  freely  expressed  that  if  it  were  to  come 
off,  Lexington  would  be  likely  to  have  his  well-won  laurels 
cropped,  if  not  to  lose  them  entirely.  A  contest  between  Lexing- 
ton and  Lecomte  was  freely  talked  of  as  a  thing  that  must  be  ; 


318  THE   irOESE. 

and  wlien,  on  Friday  evening,  it  was  announced  on  the  course 
that  an  arrangement  to  that  effect  had  been  made,  and  that  the 
next  day  would  see  its  consummation,  the  news  spread  electri- 
cally, and  we  found  ourselves  again  in  the  midst  of  an  excite- 
ment, of  course. 

Every  thing  was  in  favor  of  the  prospect  for  sport.  The  track 
was  in  tij^-top  order,  confessedly.  The  day  rose  fair,  and  con- 
tinued so.  The  ride  to  the  course  was  delightful.  Every  thing 
seemed  to  favor  the  occasion.  From  an  early  hour  to  a  late 
one,  all  the  roads  were  filled  by  travellers,  availing  themselves 
of  every  kind  and  description  of  locomotion.  Every  thing,  from 
a  dray  to  a  four-in-hand,  was  in  requisition,  and  they  who  were 
"  too  late  for  the  wagon,"  walked.  Fully  ten  thousand  people 
must  have  been  present  on  the  stands  and  in  the  field.  Tlie 
sight  was  truly  animating.  The  ladies,  as  upon  the  former  great 
occasion,  made  a  goodly  show  on  the  stands  appropriated  to 
them  by  the  gallantry  of  the  Club,  and  added  no  little  to  the 
pleasure  of  the  day.  Betting,  which  was  by  no  means  slow  in 
any  part  of  the  course,  ran  amusingly  high  in  this  department 
of  it,  and  we  saw  many  anti-Lecomte  bets  most  cheerfully  and 
smilingly  paid  by  laughing  losers,  while  many  musical  remind- 
ers that  Lexington  had  lost,  suggested  to  as  many  overtaken 
gentlemen  that  ^^ place  aux  dames'^  should  be  their  motto  in 
settling  their  books.  We  grieve  to  say  that  Lexington,  by  the 
by,  proved  to  be  the  favorite  to  a  great  extent  among  the  ladies, 
who,  we  will  do  them  the  credit  to  say,  paid  up  with  most  com- 
mendable promptness ;  so  far  as  they  could  do  so  on  the  field. 
Of  the  gloves,  and  handkerchiefs,  and  other  pretty  trifles,  which 
they  wagered,  we,  of  course,  can  not  speak  with  equal  con- 
fidence. 

The  race,  of  which  we  give  below  a  detailed  account,  was 
indeed  an  exciting  one.  Since  the  races  we  have  alluded  to  as 
hitherto  among  the  greatest  that  have  been  run,  there  has 
been  nothing  like  it ;  and  in  all  its  incidents,  from  the  start  to 
the  victory,  it  will  always  be  remembered  as  pre-eminently  the 
greatest  four-mile  race  on  record. 

The  betting  was  extremely  heavy  ;  still  it  was  less  than  on 
the  last  week's  race,  as  there  were  not  so  many  strangers  in  town, 
and  money  had  not  been  sent  here  from  abroad  to  be  invested 


LEXINGTON   AND    LECOMTE,  319 

on  the  side  of  anj  favorite.  Before  leaving  the  city,  Lexington 
was  the  favorite,  at  even  money,  against  the  field  ;  but  a  few 
minutes  before  the  race,  we  witnessed  some  transactions  in 
which  Lexington  was  backed  at  100  to  80  against  the  field,  or 
100  to  60  against  Lecomte.  Much  money  was  risked  on  time, 
but  the  lowest  time  that  we  could  hear  of  being  marked  was 
7:  32. 

So  far  as  we  could  judge,  the  horses  all  appeared  to  be  in 
excellent  condition,  and  "  eager  for  the  fray,"  as  they  moved  to 
and  fro  before  the  stands,  to  the  admiration  of  the  anxious 
thousands. 

The  drum  taps  ;  and  horses  dash  off  with  a  rush  for  the  first 
heat,  and  on  passing  the  first  turn,  Lecomte  led,  Lexington 
being  second,  and  Reube  trailing  behind,  but  at  as  fast  a  gait 
and  as  bold  a  stride  as  he  could  well  accomplish.  Their  position 
did  not  vary  for  nearly  three  miles,  although  the  j^ace  increased  ; 
the  space  between  the  horses  at  times  increasing  and  diminish- 
ing, Lexington  several  times  making  a  brush  to  take  the  lead, 
but  Lecomte  increasing  his  speed  to  prevent  it.  On  entering 
the  fourth  mile,  and  on  the  back  stretch  of  it,  Lexington  partially 
closed  the  gap  that  Lecomte  had  opened  on  him,  and  attempted 
to  outfoot  him.  The  attempt  was  immense,  and  elicited  the 
loudest  encomiums  of  Lexington's  friends  and  backers  ;  but  it 
was  ineflfectual.  The  spur  was  freely  used  to  induce  him  to  do 
what  his  friends  claimed  for  him,  that  he  was  the  fastest  horse 
in  the  world  at  a  brush  ;  but  Lecomte  batfled  all  his  efforts, 
kept  the  lead  and  won  the  heat,  amid  deafening  shouts,  by  six 
lengths,  in  much  the  quickest  time  ever  made  in  the  world — 
7:  26! 

If  the  result  of  the  heat  induced  great  shouting,  the  announce- 
ment of  the  time  produced  still  more  clamorous  demonstrations 
of  delight.  All  knew  that  the  heat  was  very  fast,  but  each  one 
of  the  hundred  persons  who  held  watches  could  scarcely  believe 
their  own  time,  until  the  judges  announced  it  officially. 

During  the  great  excitement  which  was  concentrated  on  the 
two  contending  horses,  Eeube  had  almost  been  lost  sight  of, 
but  he  came  home  at  a  high  rate  of  speed,  making  the  best  heat 
by  far  that  he  ever  made  in  his  life  ;  although,  as  the  red  flag 
descended,  he  barely  escaped  being  caught  behind  it. 


320  THE    HORSE. 

Lexington  soon  after  the  heat  appeared  much  distressed,  as 
he  had  evidently  been  hard  driven  nearly  the  whole  distance  ; 
but  he  recovered  well  during  the  recess.  Reube  also,  to  appear- 
ance, after  the  heat,  showed  evident  symptoms  that  he  liad 
been  running  a  harder  race  than  he  liked.  Lecomte,  who  to  all 
appearance  had  run  much  more  at  his  ease,  and  with  less  effort 
than  his  competitors,  not  having  been  spurred  during  the  heat, 
was  but  little  distressed,  considering  the  great  time  and  the  heat 
of  the  day. 

The  betting  was  changed  about  immediately,  not  less  from 
the  result  of  the  previous  heat,  than  from  the  great  apparent 
exertion  that  Lexington  had  made  while  running,  and  the 
aspect  and  condition  of  the  horses  after  the  heat.  Eeube's 
chance  was  considered  hopeless,  with  two  such  competitors 
against  him.  Most  of  the  bets  now  made  were  for  the  purjjose 
of  hedging,  and  Lecomte  was  the  favorite  at  100  to  40  against 
the  field. 

Each  horse  came  up  for  the  second  heat  with  crest  erect, 
and  with  a  defiant  demeanor  cast  proud  glances  from  fierce 
eyes,  determined  apparently  to  win  or  die.  Lexington,  this 
time,  led  the  way  from  the  score,  for  nearly  two  miles,  by  about 
two  lengths  ;  when  on  coming  down  the  stretch  and  passing  the 
stands  to  enter  on  the  third  mile,  Lecomte,  who  had  been  bottled 
up,  commenced  his  great  brush,  overhauled  Lexington,  and 
passed  him.  Both  now  did  their  best,  and  the  third  mile  was 
a  constant  strife  throughout,  for  the  lead,  and  the  quickest  in 
the  race,  being  run  in  1  :  46 ;  but  Lecomte,  although  so  hard 
piished,  never  wavered,  but  ran  evenly  and  steadily  along  about 
two  lengths  ahead.  On  the  first  turn  of  the  fourth  mile,  Lex- 
ington, who  at  that  point  was  nearly  up  to  his  rival,  for  a 
moment  gave  back  and  lost  his  stride,  but  he  at  once  recovered 
it,  and  pushed  on  with  vigor,  but  with  evidently  great  eft'ort. 
All  was  of  no  use,  for  Lecomte  came  home  a  winner  by  four 
lengths,  in  the  astonishing  time  of  7  :  38f ,  distancing  Reube. 

The  long  ]3ent-up  feelings  of  the  nearly  frenzied  thousands, 
who  for  some  time  had  been  almost  breathless,  now  found  vent, 
and  all,  losers  as  well  as  winners,  ladies  as  well  as  gentlemen, 
shouted  and  applauded  the  magnificent  contest,  the  glorious 
result,  and  the  gallant  winner.     AVe  yesterday  wrote  and  pub- 


LEXINGTON    AND    LECOMPTE.  321 

lislied  concerning  this  race,  "  We  look  to-day  for  a  race,  which 
for  time  and  a  close  contest,  can  be  matched  against  any  ever 
run."  That  prediction  has  been  more  than  fulfilled,  tlie  race 
not  only  matching,  but  far  exceeding  any  of  the  fleetest  of  them 
in  regard  to  time. 

For  more  than  twenty  years,  the  race  of  Eclipse  and  Henry, 
over  the  Union  Course,  Long  Island,  on  the  27th  of  May,  1823, 
was  the  quickest  on  record.  The  shortest  heat  in  that  race  was 
7  :  37-^.  In  Fashion's  race  with  Boston,  over  the  Union  Course, 
Long  Island,  May  10, 1842,  the  time  was  7 :  32| — 7  :  45.  George 
Martin's  fast  race  was  run  in  this  city,  on  the  29th  of  March, 
1843,  and  the  time  was  7  :  33 — 7  :  43.  It  is  a  remarkable  fact, 
as  Lecorate  is  by  Boston  out  of  Heel,  that  his  sire  should  have 
run  in  the  quickest  race  of  Fashion,  and  his  dam  Heel  should, 
on  December  11,  1841,  have  won  a  race  in  this  city,  the  time 
of  which  was  7  :  40 — 7  :  43. 

The  subject  is  so  fruitful  of  speculations  in  regard  to  time 
and  blood,  that  we  must  rein  in  our  pen  to  suit  our  space,  well 
satisfied  that  we  have  witnessed  the  best  race,  in  all  respects, 
that  was  ever  run,  and  that  Lecomte  stands  proudly  before 
the  world,  as  the  best  race-horse  ever  produced  on  the  Turf. 

SUMMARY. 

Saturday,  April  8 — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $2,000,  for  all  ages,  weights  as  above.  Four-milo  heats. 
T.  J.  Wells'  eh.  c.  Lecomte,  by  Boston,  out  of  Eeel  by  Imp.  Glencoe,  3  yrs. — carried  31 

pounds  overweight — Abe 11 

A.  L.  Bingaman's  b.  c.  Lexington,  by  Boston,  out  of  Alice  Carneal  by  Imp.  Sarpedon, 

4  yrs. — Henry  Meichon 2    2 

Judge  Hunter's  ch.  g.  Reube,  by  Imp.  Trustee  out   of  Minstrel  by  Medoc,  aged. — John 

Ford 3  dist 

FiEST  Heat.  Secoitd  Heat. 

Time  of  1st  mile,        ....  1.53  I  Time  of  1st  mile,  ....  2.03 

Time  of  2d  mile,  ....  1.54  |  Time  of  2d  mile,  .        .        .  1.58 

Time  of  3d  mile,         ....  1.49*  I  Time  of  3d  mile,  ....  1.46 

Time  of  4th  mile,  ....  1.49i  |  Time  of  4th  mile,  .        .        .  1.52i 


Time  of  1st  heat,        .       .        .    T.26     [  Time  of  2d  heat,     .       .        .    7.3&} 

New  Orleans  Picayune. 

After  Lecomte  was  beaten  by  Lexington  in  7.23|,  he  ran 
the  following  races  ; — 

Natchez,  Miss.,  Phitrsalia  Course,  Saturday,  November  IT,  1835— Association  Purse,  .$800,  and  10  per 
cent,  added,  for  all  ages.    Four-mile  heats. 

Vol.  I.— 21  ^ 


322  THE  HORSE. 

W.  J.  Merioi-'s  (T.  J.  Wells)  oh.  h.  Lecotnte,  5  yrs.,  by  Boston,  out  of  Reel,  by  imp.  Glen- 

coe,  110  pounds, 11 

A.  L.  Benjfiinan's  cli.  g.  Arrow,  6  yrs.,  by  Boston,  out  of  Je.iunette:iu,  by  imp.  Leviathan, 

118  pounds, 2    2 

Time,  7.55i— 7.5CJ. 
New  Orleans,  La.,  Metairic  Course,  Wednesday,  December  5,  1855— Jockey  Club  Purse,  $500,  for 

all  afres.    Three-mile  heats. 
A.  L.  Benjaman's  (R.  Ten  Broeck's)  ch.  g.  Arrow,  6  yrs.  old,  by  Boston,  out  of  Jeannnet- 

teau,  by  imp.  Leviathan, 211 

W.  J.  Minor  (Thomas  J.  Wells)  ch.  h.  Leoointe,  5  yrs.  old,  by  Boston,  out  of  Reel,  by  imp. 

Glencoe, 122 

Time,  6.00—5.59—6.03. 
Same  meeting,  Saturday,  December  8— Jockey  Club  Purse,  $700,  for  all  ages.     Four-mile  heats 
W.  J.  Minor  (Thomas  J.  Wells)  ch.  h.  Lecomte,  by  Boston,  dam  Reel,  5  yrs.  old.    Walked  over. 
Natchez,  Miss.,  Pharsalia  Course,  Saturday,  March  15, 1856— Association  Purse,  $S00,  for  all  ages, 

Club  weights.     Four-mile  heats. 
A.  L.  Benjaman's  (R.  Ten  Broeck)  ch.  c.  Fryor,  Z  yrs.  old,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  out  of  Gip- 

sey,  by  Eclipse, 11 

Thomas  J.  Wells  ch.  h.  Zeco??i;^,  5 yrs.  old,  by  Boston,  out  of  Reel,  by  imp.  Glencoe,        .  2    2 

Time,  7.47—7.44}. 
New  Orleans,  La.,  Metairie  Course,  Friday,  April  IS,  1856 — Purse  $500,  for  all  ages,  Club  weights. 

Three-mile  heats. 
A.  L.  Benjaman's  (R.  Ten  Broeck)  ch.  c.  Pryor,  3  yrs.  old.    Pedigree  above,       .        .        .311 

Thomas  J.  Wells  ch.  h.  Lecomte,  5  yrs.  old.     Pedigree  above, 1    2    S 

D.  F.  Kennors  c. f.  Mennow,  3 yrs.  old,  by  Voucher,  out  of  Dolphin,  by  imp.  Leviathan,    2    8    2 

Time,  5.58|— 5.591— 6.12. 

After  this  race,  Lecomte  was  purchased  by  Kicliard  Ten 
Broeck,  Esq.,  for  $10,000,  and  was  sent  to  Kentucky,  where  he 
covered  a  few  mares  ;  Umpire,  out  of  Alice  Carneal,  and  Sher- 
rod,  out  of  Picayune,  the  most  distinguished  of  his  get.  Le- 
comte, Pryor,  and  Prioress,  a  half-sister  to  Lecomte,  were  brought 
to  New  York  with  a  view  of  taking  them  to  England,  for  which 
they  embarked  on  the  12th  of  July,  1856.  Lecomte  only  started 
once  in  England,  and  that  was  for  the  Warwick  Cup,  1857,  won 
by  Fisherman,  Oakball  second,  Lecomte  third.  Three  started. 
Lecomte  died  of  colic,  on  the  7th  of  October,  1857. 


THE  GKEAT  MATCH  vs.  TIME. 


THE   SECOND   EVENT. 


The  Match  against  Time,  which  came  off  over  the  Metairie 
Course,  New  Orleans,  is  of  such  an  extraordinary  character,  and 
so  astounding  in  its  result,  that  we  devote  to  it  all  the  space 
at  our  command.  That  all  may  be  fully  "  posted  up,"  we  give 
the  original  challenge  from  the  owner  of  Lexington,  and  place 
on  record  the  whole  facts  relating  to  the  match 

CHALLENGE   FKOM   LEXINGTON. 

"We  have  great  pleasure  in  giving  to  the  sporting  world  the 
subjoined  note  from  the  owner  of  Lexington. 

To  THE  Editor  of  the  "  Spmn  of  the  Times." — Although  the 
mistake  made  by  the  rider  of  Lexington,  in  pulling  up  at  the 
end  of  three  miles,  in  the  recent  fast  four-mile  race  at  New 
Orleans,  was  witnessed  by  thousands  of  persons,  I  believe  it  has 
not  been  referred  to  in  print,  except  in  the  last  number  of  your 
paper.  As  Lexington  will  probably  follow  the  fashion  in  making 
a  foreign  tour,  I  propose  the  following  as  his  valedictory.  I  will 
run  him  a  single  four  miles  over  the  Metairie  Course,  at  New 
Orleans,  under  the  rules  of  the  Club,  against  the  fastest  time  at 
four  miles  that  has  been  run  in  America,  for  the  sum  of  ten 
thousand  dollars — one  fourth  forfeit.     Two  trials  to  be  allowed, 


324  THE   H0E8E. 

and  the  race  to  bo  run  between  the  1st  and  15th  of  April  next. 
Arrow  to  be  substituted  if  Lexington  is  amiss. 

Or,  I  will  run  Lexington  over  the  same  course,  four-mile 
heats,  on  the  Thursday  previous  to  the  next  Metairie  April 
meeting,  against  any  named  horse,  at  the  rate  expressed  in  the 
proposition  subjoined. 

Or,  I  will  run  him  over  the  Union  Course,  at  New  York,  the 
same  distance,  on  the  third  Tuesday  in  October.  Tlie  party 
accepting  the  last  race  to  receive  twenty-five  thousand  dollars 
to  twenty  thousand  dollars,  or  to  bet  the  same  odds  if  Lexington 
travels  to  run  at  ISTew  Orleans.  The  forfeit  to  be  five  thousand 
dollars,  and  to  be  deposited  with  Messrs.  Coleman  &  Stetson, 
of  the  Astor  House,  when  either  race  is  accepted.  If  the  amounts 
of  the  last  propositions  are  too  large,  they  may  be  reduced  one- 
half,  with  forfeit  in  the  same  proportion.  The  first  acceptance 
coming  to  hand  will  be  valid — subsequent  ones  declined ;  and 
none  received  after  the  commencement  of  the  races  at  the 
National  Course,  New  York,  the  26th  of  next  month. 

E.  Ten  Bkoeck. 
New  York,  May  30,  1854. 

The  match  vs.  time,  ofi'ered  above,  was  accepted,  and  notifi- 
cation made  in  the  "  Spirit  of  the  Times,"  of  the  ITtli  June,  as 
annexed. 

Lexington's  challenge  against  time  accepted. 

"We  had  the  pleasure  to  publish  exclusively,  in  this  journal 
of  the  3d  of  June,  one  of  the  most  extraordinary  and  interesting 
challenges — or,  rather,  series  of  challenges — ever  made  in  the 
United  States,  one  of  which  has  been  accepted.  The  challenge 
referred  to  was  as  above. 

The  forfeit  has  been  deposited  with  our  friends  Messrs.  Cole- 
man &  Stetson,  of  the  Astor  House,  in  this  city.  The  gentlemen 
acceptors  of  the  challenge  are  Col.  Calvin  Green  and  Capt.  John 
Belcher,  of  Virginia,  two  gentlemen  well  known  in  sporting 
circles.  No  match  against  time,  of  such  interest,  has  ever 
occurred  in  this  country.  Time  is  "  a  mighty  good  horse "  to 
bet  on,  but  we  "  have  our  doubts  !  " 

It  will  be  seen  by  the  challenge  from  the  owner  of  Lexing- 


SPECULATION   ON   THE   MATCH.  325 

ton,  quoted  above,  that  this  journal  was  the  first  to  allude  to  the 
fact  that  Lexington  was  pulled  up  at  the  finish  of  his  third  mile 
in  the  second  heat  of  his  second  race  with  Lecomte.  "Whether 
Lexington  could  have  beaten  Lecomte  in  that  race  is  another 
matter.  "  Doctors  differ ! "  It  was  our  expressed  opinion  that 
if  Lexington  had  been  ridden  in  the  second  heat  by  the  jockey 
engaged  for  him,  the  result  might  possibly  have  been  different. 
Por  the  expression  of  this  opinion,  we  have  been  most  grossly 
abused  by  three  correspondents  of  the  ISTew  Orleans  press  ever 
since.  Much  good  may  it  do  them.  We  "  let  them  up  light." 
Lecomte,  a  son  of  Boston  and  Reel,  could  naturally  be  "  nothing 
but  a  good  'un."  We  never  had  a  doubt  of  his  immense  turn 
of  speed,  or  of  his  thorough  game.  His  sire  was  the  best  race- 
horse, barring  an  infirmity  of  temper,  and  his  dam  second  to 
none,  save  Fashion,  that  ever  gloriously  illustrated  the  fact  that 
"  BLOOD  WILL  TELL  !  "  Their  performances  and  triumphs  will 
live  in  the  annals  of  the  turf,  as  of  those  "  high-mettled  racers," 
Flying  Childers  and  English  Eclipse,  to  which,  in  our  humble 
judgment,  they  were  not  inferior. 

Before  entering  into  the  reports  and  details  of  the  match, 
we  have  thought  it  would  not  be  uninteresting  to  our  readers  to 
have  the  speculations  of  two  New  Orleans  daily  papers — sup- 
posed to  be  well  advised — on  the  morning  before  the  race. 

We  quote  from  the  "  Picayune,"  of  the  1st  instant. 

The  most  remarkable  racing  event  of  modern  times,  and 
indeed  of  all  time,  will  come  off  to-morrow  over  the  Metairie 
Course,  should  the  weather  prove  favorable  up  to  the  time  of 
starting,  which  is  announced  for  half  past  three  o'clock,  p.  m. 

Lexington,  a  son  of  the  world-renowned  Boston,  is  matched 
to  perform  a  feat  which  he  has  never  yet  performed,  whicli 
Lecomte  accomplished  under  perhaps  the  most  favorable  cir- 
cumstances of  good  order  of  the  course,  fine  weather,  balmy 
atmosphere,  and  his  excellent  condition. 

We  learn  that  a  gentleman  representing  the  Yirginia  party 
arrived  in  this  city  a  few  days  ago,  invested  with  plenary 
powers.  The  judges  and  timers  have  been  appointed,  and  a 
better  selection  could  not  have  been  made  than  in  his  Excellency 
Gov.  P.  O.  Hebert,  Gen.  S.  W.  Westmore,  and  John  G.  Cocks, 
Esq.,  the  President  of  the  Club,  as  judges,  and  Hon.  D.  F. 


326  THE   H0K8E. 

Kenner,  Capt.  "W".  J.  Minor,  and  Stephen  D.  Elliott,  as 
timers. 

It  is  agreed  between  the  parties,  that  Lexington  may  be 
accompanied  in  his  trial  by  a  horse  or  horses,  and  that  any 
changes  of  horses  may  be  made  that  circumstances  render 
necessary.  This  will,  of  course,  increase  the  interest  of  the 
scene,  and  give  it  the  appearance  of  a  regular  contest. 

Although  the  time,  at  four  miles,  made  by  Lecomte  in  his 
contest  with  Lexington,  is  the  point  which  the  latter  has  to 
reach  upon  the  present  occasion — namely,  Y  :  26 — it  may  not 
be  out  of  place  to  note  the  best  time  made  by  other  horses  of 
renown  in  the  day  of  their  supremacy  upon  the  turf.  Of  these 
may  be  named  Henry,  7 :  37^ ;  Grey  Medoc  and  Altorf,  dead 
heat,  7  :  35  ;  Boston,  the  fastest  heat  he  ever  ran  and  won,  7 :  40 ; 
Fashion,  7 :  32|- ;  Miss  Foot,  second  heat,  7  :  35  ;  George  Mar- 
tin, with  Reel,  the  dam  of  Lecomte,  in  which  heat  she  broke 
down,  7  :  33  ;  Free  Trade,  7  :  33.  Eeube,  the  winner  of  many 
races,  and  an  aged  horse,  did  that  which  has  not  yet  been  sur- 
passed ;  he  ran  and  won  a  heat,  with  all  his  proper  weight,  at 
his  ease,  in  7  :  40  !  "We  could  name  many  others  in  this  con- 
nection, but  these  will  suffice.  We  incline  to  the  opinion  that 
time  alone  is  but  at  best  a  fallacious  test  of  the  superiority  of  a 
race-horse,  unless,  as  in  this  instance,  it  beats  the  best  ever 
made. 

It  would  have  been  no  easy  matter,  during  the  lifetime  of 
Col.  "W"m.  E..  Johnson,  the  well-named  "  Napoleon  of  the  Turf," 
to  convince  him  that  his  favorite  mare.  Reality,  the  grandam 
of  the  renowned  Fashion,  could  not  have  beaten  all  the  horses 
that  appeared  upon  the  American  Turf  in  his  day  ;  and  yet  in 
her  palmy  days  no  remarkable  time  was  recorded.  Her  only 
record  is  superiority  over  those  of  her  day. 

There  are  so  many  contingent  circumstances,  which  may  be 
connected  with  the  success  of  this  unexampled  exploit,  any  one 
of  which  might  turn  to  tide  against  the  horse,  that  it  will  require 
more  than  an  ordinary  degree  of  judgment,  and  we  might  almost 
say  foresight,  to  take  advantage  of  them  at  the  moment.  "  Time 
waits  for  no  man,"  nor  horse.  The  all-important  aid  of  brilliant 
sky,  balmy  southern  breeze,  elastic,  smooth  course,  and  tlio 
unexceptionable  condition  of  the  horse,  must  all  be  brought  to 


THE   MATCH.  337 

bear  in  his  behalf,  to  insure  success.  That  all  these  attributes 
may  operate  favorably,  is  our  fervent  wish. 

The  temerity  of  Lexington's  owner  in  sending  this  challenge 
to  the  world,  in  the  face  of  a  recent  defeat,  when  the  unparal- 
leled time  of  7 :  26  was  made,  forms  an  event  in  the  annals  of 
the  American  Turf,  which  time  cannot  obliterate. 

Should  success  attend  the  effort,  he  will  have  the  proud 
satisfaction  of  j)ossessing  the  champion  of  America. 

The  annexed  paragraphs  are  from  the  "  Daily  Crescent,"  of 
the  same  morning. 

THE    GREAT   MATCH   AGAE^ST   TIME. 

The  day  has  at  last  arrived,  and  also  the  horse,  when  a  wager 
not  equalled  in  audacity,  and  an  effort  never  before  attempted, 
in  this  country  or  any  other,  will  come  off.  Lexington,  the 
renowned  hero  of  the  Great  Post  Stake  Race,  is  to  try  and  sur- 
pass the  unequalled  time  made  by  Lecomte  a  few  days  after — 
to  mark,  on  the  racing  calendar,  figures  below  Y  :  26.  The  con- 
fidence of  Mr.  Ten  Broeck  in  his  horse  must  certainly  be  very 
considerable,  to  induce  him  to  put  up  $10,000  on  accomplishing 
what  no  other  horse  has  ever  accomplished,  and  surpassing  the 
best  time  the  turf  has  ever  known.  He  is  exj^erienced,  however, 
as  a  turfman,  and  as  apt  as  any  other  to  form  a  correct  judg- 
ment. Many  of  the  most  knowing  turfmen  have  come  round 
to  his  opinion  and  endorsed  his  expectations.  "  A  Young  Turf- 
man"'— well  known  in  the  columns  of  the  "  Spirit  of  the  Times," 
and  in  the  racing  fraternity  of  this  city — says  in  the  last  number 
of  the  "  Spirit,"  that  "  to  enable  Lexington  to  win,  there  must 
be  a  number  of  concurring  favorable  circumstances  ;  his  condi- 
tion must  be  perfect,  he  must  be  ridden  with  the  greatest  skill, 
track  and  day  must  be  most  favorable."  We  believe  Lexington 
will  win  his  match  against  time,  and  still  we  don't  think  he  will 
beat  Lecomte. 

Notwithstanding  the  high  authorities  in  favor  of  the  horse's 
winning — to  which  may  be  added  the  able  writer  on  racing 
matters  in  the  "  Picayune" — we  dift^n-  from  them  all,  and  hold 
it  improbable  that  the  best  time  ever  made  is  to  be  beaten, 


328  THE   HORSE. 

except  under  very  extraordinary  circumstances.  Tliat  which 
has  been  done  may  be  done  again,  but  it  is  not  equally  clear 
that  the  best  that  has  ever  been  done  may  be  excelled.  It  will 
take  an  extraordinary  animal  to  come  up  to  7  :  26,  and  a  little 
more  extraordinary  one  to  cut  under  it.  The  day  has,  however, 
arrived,  and  all  doubts  of  opinion  will  be  settled  ere  sunset. 
We  assuredly  hope  that  Lexington  will  be  successful,  and  earn 
,  new  honors  for  Boston  and  Metairie.  Hegira's  3  :  34^,  Berry's 
3  :  36i-,  Little  Flea's  5  :  33|,  and  Lecomte's  Y  :  26,  all  done  in 
"New  Orleans,  beat  the  world.  We  can  only  run  against  our 
own  time  now. 

We  understand  that  the  track  is  in  excellent  order  and  the 
liorse  in  fine  condition.  The  day  promises  to  be  propitious,  and 
the  attendance  is  sure  to  be  large.  The  champion  will  have  a 
fresh  nag  started  out  on  each  mile  to  keep  up  his  ambition, 
which  will  increase  the  interest  of  the  sport.  We  will  record 
the  result  to-morrow  morning. 

THE   KACE   ITSELF. 
From  the  Nero  Orleans  "  Picat/une,"  of  April  3. 

Tlie  most  brilliant  event  in  the  sporting  annals  of  the  Amer- 
ican Turf,  giving,  as  it  has,  the  palm  to  the  renowned  Lexington, 
came  off  yesterday  over  the  Metairie  Course,  and  its  result 
greatly  surpassed  the  most  ardent  hopes  and  enthusiastic  ex- 
pectations of  the  friends  of  the  winner,  and  the  lovers  of  the  turf 
sports. 

The  day  was  the  loveliest  of  the  whole  season.  As  the  hour 
appointed  for  the  great  contest  approached,  the  town  was  all 
astir  with  the  excitement  incident  to  the  occasion.  Vehicles  of 
all  sorts  were  in  requisition,  and  our  beautiful  level  Shell  Roads* 
were  filled  with  them  from  the  last  paving-stone  to  the  gates  of 
the  course.  The  displays  in  equitation  during  that  busy  part 
of  the  day,  which  may  be  defined  as  "  going  to  the  races,"  were 
almost  as  amusing  and  exciting  as  the  greater  event,  for  wit- 
nessing which  so  many  thousands  were  intent. 

The  judges  selected  for  the  occasion  were  Gen.  Stephen  M. 
Westmore,  upon  the  part  of  the  Virginia  gentlemen ;  Arnold 


AGAINST  xms.  329 

Harris,  Esq.,  for  Mr.  Ten  Broeck,  and  John  G.  Cocks,  Esq.,  the 
President  of  the  Metairie  Jockey  Club,  as  umpire. 

The  timers  were  the  Hon.  Duncan  F.  Kenner,  Capt.  "Wm.  J. 
Minor,  and  Stephen  D.  Elliott,  Esq. 

It  being  the  first  event  of  the  season,  there  was  the  usual 
bustle  at  the  gates,  the  distribution  of  the  members'  badges  and 
tlie  strangers'  badges,  the  admissions  to  the  different  stands, 
and,  from  the  character  of  the  event,  an  unusual  rush  of  car- 
riages, cabs,  buggies,  wagons,  saddle-horses,  and  foot-passengers ; 
and  by  three  o'clock  the  course  presented  a  most  brilliant  ap- 
pearance. There  were  representatives  of  every  section  of  the 
country,  and  almost  every  State  in  the  Union,  and  among  them 
we  were  happy  to  see  a  goodly  show  of  the  fairer  portion  of 
creation. 

The  field  inside  the  course  presented  a  most  animated  appear- 
ance, and  the  feeling  in  favor  of  the  gallant  Lexington  was 
general  and  decided ;  and,  as  the  predestined  hero  of  the  day 
appeared  upon  the  course — in  company  with  his  stable  com- 
panions, who  were  to  be  partners  for  a  time  in  his  toils,  his 
feelings,  and  his  fame — his  bold,  reaching,  and  elastic  step,  his 
unequalled  condition,  and  his  fearless,  defiant  look — conscious 
of  superiority  and  of  victory — gave  strength  to  his  backers  that 
all  was  as  it  should  be. 

Of  the  temerity  of  his  backer  and  owner,  Mr.  Eichard  Ten 
Broeck,  in  standing  before  the  world  bidding  defiance  to  all  the 
previous  performances  ever  marked  by  horse,  we  have  before 
spoken  as  our  feelings  dictated,  and  his  extraordinary  self-reli- 
ance, based  upon  well-directed  judgment  and  sound  sense,  can- 
not fail  to  place  him  in  the  estimation  of  true  sportsmen  as  the 
leader  of  the  host.  He  knew  he  had  an  animal  of  unflinching 
game,  coupled  with  lightning  speed,  and  bravely  did  his  gallant 
ally  respond  to  his  call. 

The  betting  was  large.  Lexington's  appearance  made  him 
a  favorite,  and  before  starting  it  was  firm  at  100  to  To  against 
Time,  and  but  few  takers.  The  greater  portion  of  the  betting 
had  been  done  in  town,  and  there  were  but  few  left  who  dared 
to  brave  the  lion  in  his  lair. 

The  conflicting  opinions  which  had  been  generally  expressed 
in  regard  to  the  terms  of  the  match,  and  of  its  mode  of  perform- 


330  THE   H0E8E. 

ance,  caused  a  very  general  excitement,  each  party  in  turn 
expressing  his  views  as  to  the  right  of  the  points  discussed  ; 
namely,  that  of  allowing  horses  to  start  with  Lexington,  to  urge 
him  to  an  increased  speed,  and  the  propriety  of  giving  the  horse 
a  running  start. 

The  judges,  however,  ended  the  matter  by  deciding  that  he 
could  do  both. 

The  decision  gave  very  general  satisfaction. 

Gil  Patrick,  upon  Lexington,  now  prepared  for  action,  and 
as  he  started  up  the  stretch  upon  his  proud  courser,  to  do  that 
which  no  other  horse  had  ever  attempted,  the  man  and  horse 
formed  a  beautiful  and  perfect  picture.  He  turned  him  around 
just  below  the  drawgates,  and  as  he  reached  the  judges'  stand, 
when  the  drum  tapped,  he  was  at  the  pace  which  it  was  intended 
he  should  run.  To  our  mind,  he  was  run  too  fast  the  first  mile, 
which  he  accomplished  in  1  :  47^ — the  first  half  mile  in  fifty- 
three  seconds.  Upon  reaching  the  stand,  it  was  intimated  to 
him  to  go  slower,  which  he  did. 

Joe  Blackburn  was  started  behind  him  at  the  begiiming  of 
the  first  mile,  but  the  respectful  distance  he  kept  in  his  rear 
must  certainly  have  done  him  an  injury  rather  than  a  benefit, 
for  at  no  time  was  he  near  enough  for  Lexington  to  hear  the 
sound  of  his  hoofs. 

The  pace  in  the  second  mile  visibly  decreased ;  Arrow,  who 
was  started  before  its  commencement,  waiting  about  thirty 
yards  behind  Lexington.  Li  the  third  mile  Arrow  closed  the 
gap,  and  Lexington,  hearing  him,  was  a  little  more  anxious, 
and  slightly  increased  his  pace.  Upon  entering  the  fourtli  mile, 
Arrow  was  stopped,  and  Joe  Blackburn  went  at  him  again,  but, 
as  in  the  first  instance,  he  was  "  like  chips  in  porridge,"  of  no 
benefit.  Lexington  darted  ofif  in  earnest,  running  the  last  mile 
in  1  :  48f .  He  reached  the  head  of  the  front  stretch  in  6  :  55, 
running  its  entire  length  in  2-i|-  seconds.  The  whole  time  of  the 
four  miles  in  7  :  19f ,  carrying  103  jDounds — Gil  Patrick  being 
three  pounds  overweight. 

That  the  course  was  in  admirable  condition,  we  need  not 
assert,  but  that  Ave  have  seen  it  in  better  order  for  safety  and 
for  time,  we  think  we  may  assert.  The  writer  of  this  vras  not 
present  when  Lexington  and  Lecomte  met  last  spring,  and  can 


TIME   BEATEN.  331 

tlierefore  make  no  comparison,  but  agrees  witli  "A  Young 
Turfman,"  that  the  extreme  hardness  of  the  track  might  prevent 
a  horse  from  fully  extending  himself ;  which  must  have  been 
the  case  with  Lexington  yesterday.  He  lost  his  left  fore  plate, 
and  half  the  right  one  ;  and  Gil  Patrick,  at  the  drawgates,  the 
last  mile,  had  no  little  difficulty  in  keeping  him  on  his  course, 
Lexington  making  violent  efforts  to  swerve  to  the  right  where 
it  was  soft  and  heavy. 

"With  regard  to  the  time,  not  a  doubt  can  be  entertained,  the 
official  being  slower  than  any  other. 

Outside,  by  many  experienced  timers,  it  was  made  in  T.IOJ. 

The  excitement  attending  the  progress  of  this  remarkable 
race  cannot  be  described.  It  was  intense  throughout ;  and  to 
those  who  had  no  opportunity  of  taking  note  of  time,  Lexing- 
ton's deceptive,  fox-like  gait  could  not  have  given  them  hopes 
of  success.  The  joyousness  and  hilarity  every  where  visible, 
which  followed  the  announcement  that  Lexington  was  the  vic- 
tor, showed  the  feeling  of  the  majority  of  the  vast  assemblage. 

It  must  be  a  source  of  the  highest  gratification  to  the  rider 
of  Lexington,  that  he  guided  him  through  his  perilous  journey 
successfully,  despite  the  prophecies  and  hopes  of  defeat  that 
attended  him.  In  this  connection  we  may  fearlessly  assert,  that 
through  a  long  career  of  usefulness  and  success  of  more  than 
twenty  years  upon  the  turf,  the  name  of  Gilbert  Watson, 
better  known  as  Gil  Patrick,  the  rider,  has  never  been  tainted 
with  even  the  breath  of  sus23icion,  and  that  the  bright  escutcheon 
of  his  name  remains  untarnished  ;  and  as  this  is  perhaps  his  last 
appearance  in  public,  it  is  the  writer's  hearty  wish  that  he  may 
live  to  enjoy  an  uninterrupted  flow  of  worldly  comfort,  and  that 
when  death  calls  him  to  answer  that  to  which  all  living  must 
respond,  he  may  be  full  of  years  and  honor.  The  names  of  Gil 
Patrick  and  Lexington  are  inseparably  connected  with  the 
greatest  achievement  upon  the  American  Turf. 

That  this  great  race  will  go  down  to  generations  yet  unborn, 
as  the  fastest  ever  made,  is  the  honest  conviction  of  the  writer. 
The  following  is  the  record. 

Monday,  April  2, 1855— Match  for  $20,000,  Lexington  to  beat  the  fastest  time  at  four  miles,  being 

7m.  263. 
K.  Ten  Broeck's  b.  c.  Lexington,  by  Boston  out  of  Alice  Carneal,  by  imported  Sarpedon,  4  yearn, 

108  pounds— 3  pounds  extra.     Gil  Patrick.    Won. 


532  TUE  noESE. 

TIME. 

Time  of  1st  mile, 1.47} 

Time  of  2d  mile, 1.52} 

Time  of  3d  mile, 1.51} 

Time  of  4th  mile, 1.48} 

Total  time 7.19} 

Tims  ended  the  second  act  of  this  remarkable  drama ;  but 
the  i3lay  itself  was  not  so  to  end  ;  for  the  gallant  champion  whose 
time  had  been  so  defiantly  challenged,  and  so  bravely  beaten, 
came  np  once  more  in  his  proper  person,  to  try  the  fortunes  of 
the  field. 


THE  GKEAT  EACE  AT  NEW  ORLEANS. 

THE  FASTEST  TIME   ON  RECORD! 
LEXINGTON  VIOTOEIOUS  IN  ONE  HEAT— TIME,  Y.23|  ! 

THE     THIKD      EVENT. 

It  was  not  strange  that  this  match  should  command  more  atten- 
tion than  an  ordinary  race.  Tlie  antecedents  of  both  animals 
were  brilliant  beyond  comparison,  and  the  improvement  which 
each  had  shown  at  every  successive  trial,  led  to  an  almost  wild 
belief  that  some  new  miracle  of  time  would  be  performed  in 
the  impending  meeting.  There  was  much,  too,  in  the  annals  of 
the  Turf  connecting  itself  with  the  present  position  of  these 
horses,  that  was  calculated  to  add  immensely  to  the  interest. 

It  will  be  recollected  that  Time,  which  should  always 
be  progressive,  stood  still  for  twenty  years  on  the  heels  of  tlie 
renowned  Eclipse,  who  ascended  into  glory — over  Henry — on  the 
Long  Island  track,  in  a  four-mile  heat,  in  7.37-J.  At  length  the 
brilliant  mare  Fashion  sprang  up,  and  exceeded  it,  on  the  same 
course,  by  five  seconds,  gaining  a  double  victory,  by  beating 
the  till  then  unconquerable  Boston  in  a  four-mile  heat  of  7: 32^. 
The  world  was  astonished,  and  so  miraculous  was  this  considered, 
that  a  report  was  current  that  the  judges  were  almost  afraid 
to  proclaim  it ;  indeed,  that  the  true  speed  was  7: 31i,  and  that 
two  of  the  judges  who  had  bo  taken  it,  yielded  to  the  third,  who 
was  the  second  slower,  for  fear  the  public  would  be  dissatisfied 
with  their  decision.  Tliis  time  of  Fashion  held  the  field  for 
about  nine  years,  and  the  lovers  of  the  Turf,  as  they  dolefully 


334 


THE   HOESE. 


contemplated  her  decline,  feared  they  would  never  look  npon  her 
like  again.  But  there  is  a  term  for  all  worldly  glory,  and  it  was 
destined  that  last  Spring  the  wondrous  Lexington  and  the  phe- 
nomenon Lecomte  should  hoth  shoot  forth  together  to  outdazzle 
all  previous  lustre,  and  to  turn  the  possibility  of  racing  speed 
into  a  bewildering  maze  of  doubt.  These  rivals,  not  knowing 
each  other,  and  themselves  unknown,  first  came  together  on  the 
Metairie  Course,  Kew  Orleans,  for  the  State  Post-Stake  of  the  last 
Spring  meeting,  and  there,  as  all  the  world  already  knows,  Lex- 
ington was  the  winner,  although  not,  as  yet,  inside  of  Fashion's 
time.  In  the  following  week,  however,  the  ambitious  rivals 
met  again  ;  and  it  was  on  that  occasion  the  superb  Lecomte 
reversed  his  late  defeat,  and  at  one  astounding  stroke  reduced 
Fashion's  time  to  T.26  !  Six  seconds  and  a  half  of  glory  at  a 
single  bound  ! 

It  might  have  been  supposed  that  a  defeat  like  this  would 
have  quite  satisfied  the  owner  of  Lexington  that  he  had  con- 
tended against  impossibility,  or  lightning ;  but  what  was  the 
surprise  of  the  whole  racing  world  to  hear,  in  the  midst  of  the 
roar  of  this  exploit,  Mr.  Ten  Broeck  offer  to  wager  $10,000  that 
his  horse  Lexington,  which  had  just  been  beaten,  could  beat 
Lecomte's  late  time  ;  and  $2,500  more  that  he  could  afterwards 
beat  Lecomte  himself.  Both  offers  were,  of  course,  accepted, 
and  the  2d  of  April  was  selected  for  the  first  trial,  and  the  14th 
of  the  same  month  for  the  other.  Your  readers  know  already, 
by  the  previous  mail,  the  result  of  the  effort  of  the  second ; 
and  that  Lexington,  on  that  occasion,  beat  all  the  annals  and 
exceeded  every  expectation,  by  performing  his  four  miles  in  the 
unheard-of,  I  may  add  undreamt-of^  time  of  Y.19| — thus  strik- 
ing Lecomte  a  heavier  blow  than  Lecomte  had  administeref^ 
to  Fashion,  and  going  inside  of  his  time  six  seconds  and  a  quar- 
ter !  This  was  the  state  of  things  I  found  at  !New  Orleans  at 
lialf-past  9  p.  M.,  on  the  13th  of  April,  by  the  glass  clock  ;  and 
now  that  I  have  explained  myself  so  fully,  I  think  you  will 
have  no  more  surprise  left  than  I  had,  when  I  took  ray  light  to 
go  up  stairs,  that  the  Crescent  City  was,  on  that  occasion,  in 
something  of  a  buzz. 

In  the  morning  I  found  the  excitement  in  no  way  decreased  ; 
every  body  was  inquiring  about  the  starting  of  the  trains,  or 


THE   LAST   EVENT.  335 

making  arrangements  with  hackmen  to  take  them  to  the  course  ; 
while  practised  parties  of  hon  vivants  were  displaying  a  world 
of  intelligence  or  instinct  in  packing  champagne  baskets  with 
layers  of  ham,  chicken,  brandy,  beer,  Boker's  bitters,  segars, 
and  soda-water,  to  regale  themselves  with  during  the  dry  stages 
of  tlte  afternoon.  The  race  was  set  for  three  o'clock,  and  the 
course  being  three  miles  off,  at  one  the  town  began  to  move 
toward  the  track  ;  at  two  it  was  pretty  nearly  deserted,  and  at 
three  it  was  as  silent  and  abandoned  as  at  midnight.  All  the 
roads  leading  to  the  track  streamed  with  pedestrians  and  vehicles, 
and  the  line  condensed  toward  the  gateway  into  a  choked  col- 
umn that  could  move  onward  and  in,  only  by  the  most  tedious 
series  of  instalments. 

On  reaching  the  inside,  the  arena  presented  a  most  brilliant 
spectacle,  and  I  do  not  remember  having  seen  so  many  people 
together  for  a  race,  except  at  the  celebrated  meeting  of  Fashion 
and  Peytona,  on  the  Union  Course,  L.  I.  The  two  long  public 
stands  were  densely  crowded,  the  field  was  filled  with  vehicles 
and  saddle  horses,  and  even  the  trees  that  from  a  distance  over- 
looked the  track,  drooped  heavily  with  the  weight  of  human 
fruit.  The  track  itself,  however,  under  better  government  than 
those  of  New  York,  was  kept  clear  of  all  intruders,  except  in 
that  portion  known  as  the  home  stretch  ;  to  which  exclusive 
section  the  members  of  the  club,  and  such  privileged  strangers 
as  had  provided  themselves  with  ten-dollar  badges,  were  ad- 
mitted, 

THE    RACE. 

At  length  the  bugle  sounded  the  signal  for  the  horses  to  be 
stripped.  Upon  this  every  body  pressed  forward  to  secure  eli- 
gible places ;  every  neck  was  stretched  to  its  utmost  length. 
Even  the  gamblers  in  the  alleys  underneath  the  public  stands 
undoubled  their  legs  from  beneath  their  faro  tables,  locked  up 
their  double  card-boxes,  stopped  the  snap  of  their  roulettes,  and 
slipped  the  little  ivory  ball  in  their  vest  pockets  to  run  up  stairs 
and  become  innocent  lookers-on. 

Wagers  on  the  contestants  had  a  small  revival,  in  consequence 
of  this  eruption  from  the  betting  quarter,  and  the  odds  on  Lex- 
ington went  up  again  to  the  mark  of  $100  to  $80.     It  was  very 


336  THE  HOKSE. 

freelj"  taken,  however,  by  the  gentlemen  from  Red  River,  where 
Lecomte  Avas  raised ;  and  Avith  many  of  them  confidence  in 
their  favorite  stood  so  liigh  that  they  put  out  all  the  money  they 
had  brought  to  town  on  equal  terms.  Tliey  reasoned,  that  if 
Lexington  could  perform  a  four-mile  heat  in  7.19|-,  there  was  no 
reason  wliy  Lecomte  could  not  also  do  it,  if  required  ;  for  the 
contest  now  stood  equal  between  them,  and  it  must  not  be  for- 
gotten that  in  Lecomte's  victory  in  7.26  he  had  trailed  Lexing- 
ton, and  then  turned  out  and  passed  ahead  of  him.  It  was, 
moreover,  said,  on  their  side,  that  the  7.19|-  was  not  as  good  as 
the  Y.26  of  Lecomte,  for  that  by  running  alone  and  choosing 
the  close  side  of  the  track,  Lexington  saved  nearly  two  sec- 
onds of  distance  in  each  mile,  and  likewise  had  the  advantage 
of  a  long  start,  and  of  receiving  the  word  "  go  "  at  full  speed, 
instead  of  beginning  "from  the  jump,"  as  in  match  fashion. 
Hope  told  a  flattering  tale. 

On  the  strength  of  these  calculations  there  was  considerable 
betting  on  time,  but  with  none  did  I  hear  it  set  at  less  than  Y.26 ; 
while  many  believed — though  I  heard  no  bet  to  that  eflfect — that 
the  heat  would  be  achieved  as  low  down  as  Y.15  or  16.  I  do 
not  know  that  any  thing  can  furnish  a  better  idea  of  the  revolu- 
tion made  in  racing  time  by  Lecomte  and  Lexington  than  tliis 
state  of  expectation  shows.  What  would  have  been  thought, 
two  years  ago,  of  the  declaration,  that  in  a  little  while  we 
should  see  a  four-mile  race,  in  which  the  highest  mark  on  time 
would  be  7.26  ? 

There  is  something  in  this  matter  of  increase  of  speed  that 
is  worthy  of  reflection  and  philosophy.  We  find  continual  ad- 
vancement, and  what  is  most  remarkable,  exploit  begets  exploit, 
as  if  knowledge  and  emulation  touched  new  powers  whicli  had 
never  been  electrified  before.  Whence  does  the  spark  proceed 
that  awakes  these  energies,  but  from  the  mind  of  man,  im^^art- 
ing  itself  by  some  strange  j^rocess  to  the  mind  and  body  of  his 
iiorse  as  he  does  to  the  corj)oreal  faculties  in  possession  of  him- 
self'^ Trotting  time  stood  for  years  at  2.32,  then  2.30,  and  then 
2.28,  At  length  Beppo  and  Lady  Suffolk  made  a  dead  heat 
under  saddle  on  the  Beacon  Course  in  2.26,  straightway  2.26  was 
repeated  by  several  other  horses ;  by-and-by  it  was  reduced 
still  lower,  and   at   length  2.28  was  banished  to  mile  heats  in 


MOUNTING   FOR    THE   EACE.  337 

wagons.'-''  So  with  the  racers  I  have  named,  and  so  with  Leconite 
and  Lexington.  One  half  of  a  horse's  speed  is  found  in  the 
brain  of  his  rider  or  driver,  and  that  subtle  essence,  that  know- 
ledge how  to  do,  and  will  to  command  it,  blends  with  the  powers 
of  the  beast  and  makes  all  things  done.  So  with  foot  racers, 
when  they  have  known  that  nine  miles  within  the  hour  could  be 
increased  to  ten,  and  the  ten  to  eleven.  They  were  the  same  men, 
without  any  improvement  in  their  breed ;  the  same  men,  who  had 
once  been  able  barely  to  do  nine.  Shall  we  be  told  that  the  Bon- 
ny Black  Bess  of  the  bold  Turpin  did  not  respond  to  her  master's 
spirit  when  she  took  her  wondrous  bound  over  the  spiked  turn- 
pike gate  ! — or  that  a  portion  of  the  soul  of  the  brave  Mame- 
luke, who  alone  escaped  the  massacre  of  the  Beys  by  leaping 
his  horse  over  the  walls  of  Cairo,  did  not  enter  into  that  of  his 
matchless  Barb ! 

"  The  bounding  steed  you  pompously  bestride, 
Shares  with  his  lord  his  pleasure  and  his  pride." 

Assuredly  the  best  portion  of  a  horse's  speed  lies  in  the  mind 
of  his  rider,  and  it  is  by  no  means  certain  that  if  Gil.  Patrick 
who  rode  Lexington  into  7.19f ,  had — with  his  present  know- 
ledge of  what  is  within  horse-hide — grasped  the  rein  and  pressed 
the  sides  of  Eclipse,  he  could  not  have  brought  his  7.37|  down 
to  7.26. 

When  the  blankets  were  stripped  from  the  horses,  and  their 
magnificent  combinations  of  blood,  heart,  and  muscle  stood  glis- 
tening and  flickering  in  the  sun,  the  crowd  near  by  could  not  re- 
sist an  involuntary  burst  of  admiration,  at  which  Lecomte  stepped 
coquettishly  about,  showing  his  beautiful  chestnut  coat  and 
branching  muscle,  while  the  darker  Lexington,  with  a  sedate 
and  intelligent  aspect,  looked  calmly  around,  as  if  he  felt  that 
the  sensation  was  quite  what  he  expected  and  deserved.  Both 
animals  were  in  the  finest  possible  condition,  and  the  weather 
and  the  track,  had  they  been  manufactured  to  a  sportsman's 
order,  could  not  have  been  improved.  At  last  the  final  signal 
of  "  bring  up  your  horses,"  sounded  from  the  bugle  ;  and  prompt 
to  the  call,  Gil.  Patrick,  the  well-known  rider  of  Boston,  put  his 
foot  in  Lexington's  stirrup,  and  the  negro  boy  of  Gen.  Wells 
sprang  into  the  saddle  of  Lecomte.     They  advanced  slowly  and 

*  See  Note  ■)•  on  page  341. 
Vol.  I.— 22 


338  THE   HORSE. 

daintily  forward  to  the  stand,  and  when  they  halted  at  the  score 
the  immense  concourse,  that  had  up  to  this  moment  been  swaying 
to  and  fro,  were  fixed  as  stone.  It  was  a  beautiful  sight  to  see 
these  superb  animals  standing  at  the  score,  filled  with  unknown 
qualities  of  flight,  and  quietly  awaiting  the  conclusion  of  the 
directions  to  the  riders  for  the  tap  of  the  drum. 

At  length  the  tap  of  the  drum  came,  and  instantly  it  sfruck, 
the  stationary  steeds  leaped  forward  with  a  start  that  sent  every 
body's  heart  into  the  mouth.  AVith  bound  on  bound,  as  if  life 
were  staked  on  every  spring,  they  flew  up  the  quarter-stretch, 
Lexington  at  the  turn  drawing  his  nose  a  shadow  in  advance, 
but  when  they  reached  the  half-mile  post — 53  seconds — both 
were  exactly  side  by  side.  On  they  went  at  the  same  flying 
pace,  Lexington,  again  drawing  gradually  forward,  first  his  neck, 
then  his  shoulder,  and  increasing  up  the  straight  side  amidst  a 
wild  roar  of  cheers,  flew  by  the  stand  at  the  end  of  the  first 
mile  three-quarters  of  a  length  in  the  lead.  "  One  hundred  to 
seventy-five  on  Lexington  !  "     Time,  1.49|. 

Onward  they  plunge,  onward  without  pause  !  What  makes 
this  throbbing  at  my  heart  ?  What  are  these  brilliant  brutes  to 
me  ?  Why  do  I  lean  forward  and  insensibly  unite  my  voice  with 
the  roar  of  this  mad  multitude  ?  Alas,  I  but  share  the  infatua- 
tion of  the  horses,  and  the  levelling  spirit  common  to  all  strife  has 
seized  on  all  alike.  "  Where  are  they  now  ?  Ah,  there  they  fly 
round  the  first  turn  !  By  heaven,  Lecomte  is  overhauling  him  !  " 
And  so  he  was,  for  on  entering  the  back  stretch  of  the  second 
mile  the  hero  of  7.26  made  his  most  desperate  efi'ort,  reaching 
first  the  girth,  then  the  shoulder,  then  the  neck  of  Lexington,  and 
finally,  when  he  reached  the  half-mile  post,  laid  himself  alongside 
him,  nose  by  nose.  Then  the  mass,  which  during  the  few  seconds 
of  this  special  struggle  had  been  breathless  with  hope  and  fear, 
burst  into  a  shout  that  rang  for  miles,  and  amid  the  din  of 
which  might  be  heard  here  and  there,  "  $100  even  on  Lecomte  !  " 
But  his  equality  was  only  for  a  moment's  term.  Lexington 
threw  his  eye  jealously  askant ;  Gil.  Patrick  relaxed  a  little  of 
his  rein,  which  up  to  this  time  he  had  held  close  in  hand,  and 
without  violence,  or  startling  effect,  the  racer  of  racers  stole 
ahead,  gently,  but  steadily  and  surely,  as  before,  until  he  drew 


THE   MATCH   WON.  339 

himself  a  clear  length  in  the  lead,  in  which  position  they  closed 
the  second  mile.     Time,  1.51. 

Again  the  hurrah  rises  as  thej  pass  the  stand — "  One  hun- 
dred to  seventj-five  on  Lexington !  " — and  swells  in  still  wilder 
volume  when  Lexington  increased  his  one  length  to  three,  from 
the  stand  to  the  turn  of  the  back  stretch.  In  vain  Lecomte  strug- 
gled ;  in  vain  he  called  to  mind  his  former  laurels ;  in  vain  his 
rider  struck  him  with  the  steel ;  his  great  spirit  was  a  sharper 
spur,  and  when  his  tail  fell,  as  it  did  from  this  time  out,  I  could 
imagine  he  felt  a  sinking  of  the  heart,  as  he  saw  streaming  be- 
fore him  the  waving  flag  of  Lexington,  now  held  straight  out  in 
race-horse  fashion,  and  anon  nervously  flung  up,  as  if  it  were  a 
plume  of  triumph.  "  One  hundred  to  fifty  on  Lexington  !  "  The 
three  lengths  was  increased  to  four,  and  again  the  shout  arose, 
as  in  this  relative  condition  they  went  for  the  third  time  over  the 
score.    Time,  1.51. 

The  last  crisis  of  the  strife  had  now  arrived,  and  Lecomte,  if 
he  had  any  resources  left,  must  call  upon  them  straight.  So 
thought  his  rider,  for  the  steel  went  into  his  sides ;  but  it  was  in 
vain,  he  had  done  his  best ;  while,  as  for  Lexington,  it  seemed 
as  if  he  had  just  begun  to  run.  Gil.  Patrick  now  gave  him 
a  full  rein,  and  for  a  time  as  he  went  down  the  back  stretch,  it 
actually  seemed  as  if  he  were  running  for  the  very  fun  of  the 
thing.  It  was  now  $100  to  $10  on  Lexington,  or  any  kind 
of  odds,  but  there  were  no  takers.  He  had  the  laurel  in 
his  teeth,  and  was  going  for  a  distance.  But  at  this  inglorious 
prospect  Lecomte  desperately  rallied,  and  escaped  the  humilia- 
tion by  drawing  himself  a  few  lengths  within  the  distance  pole, 
while  Lexington  dashed  past  the  stand,  hard  in  hand,  and  actu- 
ally running  away  with  his  rider — making  the  last  mile  in  1.52  J, 
and  completing  the  four  in  the  unprecedented  time  of  7.23|.  I 
say  unprecedented,  because  it  beats  Lecomte's  7.26,  and  is  there- 
fore the  fastest  heat  that  was  ever  made  in  a  match. 

Thus  ended  the  greatest  match  that  has  happened  on  the 
Turf  for  many  years ;  nay,  I  might  rather  say,  that  ever  took 
place,  and  putting  to  rest  all  cavil  so  far  as  Lexington's  powers 
are  concerned,  about  the  difi*erence  between  7.19|  and  T.26.  In 
comparing  the  time,  however,  with  that  recorded  in  favor  of 
other  racers,  it  should  be  stated  that  the  track  at  New  Orleans, 


340  THE   HOKSE. 

is  what  is  called  a  "  fast  track,"  of  a  springy  and  elastic  nature, 
which  is  very  favorable  to  the  stroke  of  a  running  horse,  and  of 
course  conducive  to  speed.  The  Union  track  at  Long  Island  is 
not  so  favorable  in  its  character,  and  it  should  be  borne  in  mind 
by  those  who  wish  to  be  particular  in  these  matters,  that  Lex- 
ington and  Lecomte,  both  being  colts,  denominated  under  the 
term  of  "  four-year-olds,"  have  neither  of  them,  as  yet,  carried 
full  Aveight.  In  closing,  it  is  also  proper  for  me  to  state  that 
Lexington  carried  3f  pounds  more  of  weight  in  his  rider  than 
Lecomte,  a  circumstance  which  is  the  more  worthy  of  mention, 
as  he  is  160  pounds  the  smaller  horse. 

My  account  of  the  race  is  now  concluded ;  for  on  the  time 
arriving  for  the  second  heat,  the  owner  of  Lecomte  withdrew 
his  horse,  and  the  purse  and  the  laurels  were  awarded  to  the 
"  Hunter  of  Kentucky." 

A  full  description  of  Lexington  will  be  found  above,  on 
page  305. 

I  will  add,  that  no  one  who  saw  Lexington  walk  quietly 
through  the  cheering  crowd  that  flocked  around  him  at  the  close, 
as  if  his  triumph  were  a  matter  he  fully  understood,  doubts  that 
he  has  sense,  memory,  and  powers  of  reflection — horse  sense 
at  least.  And  yet  presumptuous  mortals  will  aver  that  such  an 
animal  has  got  no  soul ! 

In  conclusion,  and  according  to  racing  style,  I  will  now  ap- 
pend the  summary  : — 

Metaikie  Course,  N.  O.,  Saturday,  April  24— Jockey  Clnb  Purse,  $1,000,  •sritli  an  inside  stake  of 

$2,500  each.    Four-mile  heats. 
E.  Ten  Broeck's  b.  c.  Lexington,  by  Boston,  out  of  Alice  Carneal  by  Imp.  Sarpedon, 

4  yrs.,  103  lbs [Gil.  Patrick.]        1  1 

T.  J.  Wells'  ch.  c.  Lecomte,  by  Boston,  out  of  Reel  by  Imp.  Glencoe,  4  yrs.,  100  lbs.         2       dr. 

TIME. 

Time  of  1st  mile,  1.491 

Time  of  2d  mile, 1.51 

Time  of  3d  mile,  1.51 

Time  of  4th  mile, 1.52i 

Total  time, 7.23f 

P.  S. — ^Wednesday,  April  18,  1855. — My  theory  is  fortified. 
Inspired  by  Lexington's  exploits,  a  three-year-old  colt,  named 
Henry  Perritt,  in  a  race  of  two-mile  heats,  which  took  place 
on  the  above  course  yesterday,  ran  a  single  mile  in  the  extra- 
ordinary time  of  1.42^,  and  this,   too,  in  the  first  mile  of  the 


PERFORMANCES    OF  HENRY   PEREITT.  341 

second  lieat ;  thus  beating  by  several   seconds  the  best  mile 
Lexington  or  any  other  horse  ever  made.* 

"  Time  is,  time  was,  and  soon  shall  be  no  more." 

Spirit  of  the  Times,   May  5,   1855. 


Tlie  performances  of  this  horse,  who  was  got  in  1852,  by 
Imp.  Margrave,  out  of  Odd  Stocking,  by  Thornhill,  were  very 
remarkable. 

This  year  was  the  first  of  his  appearance  on  the  turf,  and  in 
his  first  race  of  mile  heats,  he  made  the  best  time,  for  two  con- 
secutive heats,  ever  recorded — 1.46  each,  after  a  first  dash 
of  1.50. 

Five  days  afterward,  in  a  race  of  two  miles  against  Bijou 
and  Gallatina,  after  winning  the  first  heat  in  3.39,  he  ran  the 
first  mile  of  the  second,  in  the  unprecedented  time  of  1.42^-, 
and  the  heat  in  3.40. 

After  this,  he  ran  unfortunately,  and  came  to  an  unfortunate 
and  untimely  end ;  being  beaten  in  the  following  May,  two- 
mile  heats,  in  3.43f ,  3.39f ,  and  subsequently  thrice  distanced, 
in  two  and  three-mile  heats,  at  no  wonderful  time. 

In  the  autumn  he  won  a  race,  the  best  three  out  of  five,  at 
one-mile  heats,  the  best  heat  in  1.49  ;  and  a  few  days  later, 
September  29,  he  ran  and  won  his  last  race  of  three-mile  heats, 
but  killed  himself  in  winning.  The  race  was  finished  in  a 
snow  storm,  and  was  all  one  chapter  of  accidents,  the  horses  all 
falling,  shying  and  bolting ;  Perritt  coming  down  twice  heavily, 
and  dying  in  his  stable  the  same  night,  a  gallant  winner  and 
good,  though  I  fancy  somewhat  uncertain,  horse,  in  consequence 
of  cold  and  exertion. 

What  he  could  have  done  can  never  now  be  known,  for  his 
powers  were  never  fairly  tried,  since  he  was,  in  truth,  but  a 
three-year  old,  though  from  the  Southern  mode  of  reckoning 
from  May-day,  he  was  rated  at  a  year  younger.  H.  W.  H. 

*  Hcurj'- Perritt  never  ran  a  mile  in  1.42^;  it  was  mere  surmise.  He  got  a  very 
bad  start,  and  coming  out  as  he  did,  close  to  Bijou,  he  is  said  to  have  made  the 
mile  as  above  stated. — Ed. 

EDITORIAL   NOTE. 

f  (P.  333.)  Plora  Temple  brought  the  time  to  harness  down  to  2.19f,  winch  is 
best  to  that  day  on  record ;  then  Dexter,  the  king  of  trotters,  under  the  saddle 
trotted  in  the  remarkable  tune  of  2.1 8,  and  since  2. 17  J  to  harness. 


PEDIGKEE, 

CHARACTERISTICS,   AND    PERFORMANCES    OF   ARROW. 

Akeow  was  got  in  1850,  bv  Boston  out  of  Jeaunettean,  bj  imp. 
Leviathan,  g.  dam  by  Stockholder,  the  dam  of  Ehza  Bailey  by 
Pacolet,  who  must,  however,  not  be  confounded  with  Miss 
Bailey,  by  Boaster.  This  Stockholder  mare,  whose  pedigree 
was  not  to  be  ascertained,  when  Jeannetteau  stood  in  the  same 
stable  with  Peytona  and  Liatunah  in  New  York,  in  184.-5,  is 
known  to  be  a  mare  of  very  high  breeding,  with  Oscar  and 
Pacolet  blood  in  her  veins. 

BosTOJ^'.     His  pedigree  i7i  extenso  is  given  at  page  280. 

Stockholdee  was  by  Sir  Archy,  dam  imp.  Citizen,  g.  dam 
imp.  Stirling,  g.  g.  dam  imp.  Mousetrap,  g.  g.  g.  dam  Harris's 
Eclipse,  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Old  Janus,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by 
Old  Fearnought,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Apollo,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g, 
g.  g.  dam  by  Moore's  Partner,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  Silver- 
Eye,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Jolly  Eoger,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g. 
g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  imp.  mare  Mary  Gray. 

Sir  Archy  was  by  Diomed  out  of  Castianira,  both  imported. 
See  Genealogies  2  and  3. 

Citizen,  1785,  was  by  Pacolet,  dam  Princess  by  Turk — Fairy 
Queen  by  Young  Cade — Routhe's  Black  Eyes  by  Crab — War- 
lock Galloway. 

Stirling,  1791,  was  by  Yolunteer,  dam  Harriet  by  Highflyer 
— Young  Cade  mare — Childerkin  by  Second — Snap's  dam,  &c. 

*  Mousetrap  is  said  to  have  been  by  Careless,  dam  a  Kegulus 
jnare — Liberty — Cade,  &c.,  and  to  have  won  several  races  at 
Hull,  England,  in  1777.     He  is  not  to  be  found  in  the  Stud-Book. 

Harris's  Eclipse  was  got  by  Fearnought,  dam  imp.  Stella  by 

*  Mousetrap's  pedigree  is  correct  as  given,  and  can  be  found  in  the  English 
Racing  Calendar  for  1777.  and  in  Bruce  Stud-Book,  vol.  1,  page  37. — Ed. 


PEKFORMANCES   OF   ARROW.  343 

Shakspeare,  in  England — imp.  Cassandra.*  There  are  several 
Cassandras  in  the  English  Stud-Book,  but  no  Stella  by  Shakspeare. 

Janus  by  old  Janus  (son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian  and  the 
Little  Hartley  mare),  dam  by  Fox,  gr.  dam  Bald  Galloway. 

Fearnought,  Regulus,  Silvertail,  &c.,  see  above. 

Apollo  was  by  imp.  Fearnought,  out  of  Gen.  Spotteswood's 
imp.  Cullen  Arabian  mare. 

Moore's  Partner  was  by  Partner,  sister  to  Starling  by  Bay 
Bolton,  by  son  of  the  Brownlow  Turk,  &c.,  &c. 

Jolly  itoger — Roger  of  the  Yale — was  by  Roundhead — Part- 
ner— AVoodcock,  &c.,  &g. 

Imp.  Mary  Gray  by  Roundhead — dam  Ringbone,  by  Partner. 

PERFORMANCES    OF   ARROW. 

Arrow  first  appeared  on  the  turf  in  1S52,  when  in  the  fall 
meeting  he  took  a  three-year-old  sweepstakes  at  mile  heats, 
beating  two  fillies  by  Boston  and  Belshazzar,  in  1.51| — 1.50. 

In  1853  he  ran  four  times,  winning  thrice,  twice  at  mile 
heats,  and  once  at  three-mile  heats.  He  beat,  the  best  three 
out  of  five,  Caddo  Maid,  4  yrs.,  Berry,  4  yrs.,  and  Mecca  5  yrs., 
in  1.55,  1.55,'1.55f,  1.57|,  1.57^,  on  the  Metairie  Course,  New 
Orleans,  January  17. 

On  the  same  course,  April  9,  he  was  beaten  for  the  3  yr.  old 
sweepstakes,  five  subscribers,  at  $500  each,  $500  added  by  the 
Club,  two-mile  heats,  by  Sally  Waters,  to  whom  he  ran  second, 
winning  the  first  heat.     Time  3.40,  3.37i,  3.39. 

A  few  days  later,  on  the  same  course,  April  17,  in  a  purse 
for  all  ages,  mile  heats,  best  three  in  five,  he  beat  Hilariot,  by 
Glencoe,  and  Pickaway,  by  Boston,  winning  three  straight 
heats.     Time,  1.52J,  1.51^  1.51f. 

On  the  Pharsalia  Course,  Natchez,  Miss.,  Nov.  24,  he  won  the 
Association  Purse,  $500,  for  all  ages,  three-mile  heats,  beating 
Mary  Taylor,  by  Sovereign — "Wade  Hampton,  by  Boston — Hugh 
French,  by  Glencoe,  in  two  straight  heats.     Time,  5.51|,  5.53^. 

In  the  following  year,  1854,  he  made  his  debut  in  his  four- 
year-old  shape,  on  the  Metairie  Course,  Friday,  January  6, 
sweepstakes  for  all  ages,  a  single  four  miles,  wlien  he  beat  Fly- 
ing Flea,  by  Grey  Eagle,  and  White  Eagle,  by  Grey  Eagle. 
Time,  1.50^,  1.49^,  1.54J,  2.04^—7.39. 

*  See  Note  *  on  page  350. 


344 


THE   HORSE. 


13,  lie  ran  again  for  the 


On  the  following  Fricla}^,  January 
Jockey  Club  Purse,  for  all  ages.     Three-mile  heats. 

J.  S.  Iluntor's  ch.  f.  Blomle,  by  Glencoe,  out  of  sister  to  Tangent,  by  Wagner,  3  years, 
D.  F.  Kenner's  cb.  c.  ^r;'Oii',  by  Boston,  out  of  Jeannettoau,  4  years,  .... 
T.  B.  Goldsby's  b.  f.  Maid  of  Orleans,  >)j  Bethune,  out  of  Alice  Carneal,  4  years, 

S.  M.  "Wetmore's  b  g.  i^Zyiwg' jp'iga,  by  Grey  Eagle,  5  years, 

W.  J.  Minor's  b.  h.  Jericho,  by  Imp.  Jordan,  out  of  Imp.  Britannia,  5  years, 


1.  1. 
5.  2. 

3.  3. 

2.  4. 

4.  5 


FIKST  HEAT. 


Time  of  1st  mile, 
2d     " 
3d     "    . 


1.5SJ 

1.50 

2.0H 


Time  of  first  beat. 


5.56 


SECOND   HEAT. 


Time  of  1st  mile,       ....        1.56 

"  2d     " 1.56i 

"  Sd     "         .        .        .        .         1.59* 


Time  of  second  heat, 


5.52 


At  his  next  appearance,  April  1,  1854,  he  met  Lexington, 
Lecomte,  and  Highlander,  in  the  great  State  Post  Stakes,  of 
four-mile  heats,  which  was  won  by  Lexington,  Lecomte  running 
second,  Highlander  distanced  in  the  second.  Arrow  in  the  first 
heat.  The  time  was  very  slow — 8.0S|^,  8.04 — but  the  course  was 
said  to  be  excessively  heavy,  which  it  must  have  been,  to  ac- 
count for  the  distancing,  at  such  a  poor  rate  of  going. 

A  few  days  later,  however,  he  again  beat  his  old  adversary, 
Little  Flea,  in  the  Jockey  Club  Purse,  of  three-mile  heats.  Little 
Flea  taking  the  first  heat.     Time,  5.33^,  5.36,  5.43^. 

In  the  next  year,  1855,  Arrow  was  used  to  put  Lexington  to 
his  speed  in  the  great  match  won  by  that  horse  against  Lecomte's 
time  of  Y.26,  and  it  is  worthy  of  recollection  that  Mr.  Ten  Broeck 
had  declared  to  start  Arrow  for  the  match,  in  case  of  Lexington's 
being  amiss.  This  jDeople  did  not,  at  the  time,  well  understand, 
as  he  certainly  had  not  then  exhibited  powers,  which  would 
justify  the  expectation  of  his  beating  that  hitherto  unrivalled 
time.  On  the  10th  April,  however,  of  the  same  year,  he  was  to 
show  of  what  stuff  he  was  made,  in  the  best  race  of  three-mile 
heats  ever  run. 

In  this  race  for  the  Jockey  Club  Purse  for  all  ages,  three- 
mile  heats,  he  was  beaten  by  Brown  Dick,  Hornpipe  distanced 
in  the  second,  and  Mary  Taylor  in  the  first  heat,  but,  as  is  rarely 
the  case,  the  defeated  horse  gained,  not  lost,  laurels  by  his 
defeat.     The  time  has  never  been  equalled. 


rlEST     HEAT. 

Time  of  1st  mile,       ....  1.50 

«  2d     " 1.49i 

8d     " 1.5U 


Time  of  first  heat. 


5.30i 


SECOND   ITEAT. 

Time  of  1st  mile 1.50J 

2d     " 1.484 

"  3d     " 1.49 

5.2S 


Time  of  second  beat. 


AKROW'S   THREE-MILE   HEATS.  345 

Those  wlio  witnessed  tliis  race  assert  tliat  Arrow  was  not,  at 
tlie  close  of  the  second  heat,  above  half  a  second  behind.  One 
second  would  have  raised  the  time  of  the  heat  of  three  miles  to 
5m.  29s.  It  is  also  asserted  that  no  one,  who  saw  this  horse 
during  the  race  and  after  its  conclusion,  entertained  the  least 
doubt  of  his  ability  to  run  a  fourth  mile  in  Im.  56fs.,  and  it 
would  seem  that  there  can  be  no  reason  to  doubt  it,  since  he  had 
already  run  six  miles,  the  slowest  in  Im.  51f  s.,  and  had  mended 
his  time  in  the  latter  miles.  Had  he  made  it  in  Im.  56fs.,  he 
would,  it  seems,  have  won  the  time  match  by  J  of  a  second,  and 
thus  justified  Mr.  Ten  Broeck's  opinion  ;  but  probably  he  would 
have  won  it  by  much  more  than  that,  as  there  is  no  reason  why 
he  should  fall  off  Tf  seconds  in  his  last  mile.* 

On  the  same  course  once  more,  however,  after  losing  four- 
mile  heats  to  him  in  Y.55| — 7.56f,  he  gained  his  greatest  glory, 
by  defeating  Lecomte  himself  for  the  Jockey  Club  Purse,  of 
three-mile  heats,  Lecomte  taking  the  first  heat  in  6.00,  and 
Arrow  the  second  and  the  third  in  5.59 — 6.03. 

It  is  to  be  presumed,  however,  that  Mr.  Ten  Broeck  holds 
Lecomte  still,  in  spite  of  his  defeat,  the  better  horse,  since  he, 
and  not  Arrow,  is  the  file-leader  of  his  string  on  his  English 
expedition. 

His  race  of  April  9,  1854,  is  thus  narrated  in  the  New  Or- 
leans Picayune. 

THE   BEST   THREE-MILE    RACE  EVER   RUN. 

Yesterday  being  the  last  day  of  the  Metairie  Jockey  Club 
meeting,  and  a  day  of  recreation  to  many  who  are  usually  en- 
gaged in  business,  there  was  a  very  large  attendance  at  the 
course.  The  fame  of  the  two  horses  that  were  to  contend  for 
the  club  purse  of  $1,000,  at  three-mile  heats,  was  well  known, 
and  a  fast  race  was  confidently  anticipated.  Arrow  having  run 
a  fom*-mile  dash  in  7.39,  on  the  6th  of  January  last,  finishing 
the  last  mile  in  a  gallop,  and  Little  Flea  having,  on  "Wednesday 
last,  run  and  saved  her  distance  against  the  fleet  Blonde,  who 
made  the  then  fastest  three-mile  race  on  record,  viz. — 5.36i  and 
5.34,  all  gave  token  that  if  both  of  them  were  "  right,"  time 
would  be  literally  used  up. 

The  betting  before  the  start  was  in  favor  of  Arrow,  at  odds 

*  See  Note  f  on  page  350. 


3J:C  THE   HOKSE. 

of  about  a  hundred  to  forty,  at  wliicli  figure  considerable 
amounts  were  staked.  On  starting  for  the  first  heat  Arrow 
took  the  lead,  and  kept  it  for  two  miles  bj  about  four  lengths, 
when  Flea  gradually  closed  up  the  gajD,  and  on  the  back  stretch 
of  the  third  mile  locked  and  apparently  passed  Arrow  handily. 
Arrow  now  made  a  great  efi'ort  to  regain  the  lead,  but  the  pace 
had  been  so  tremendous  from  the  start,  that  he  could  not  do  so ; 
Little  Flea,  to  the  surprise  of  every  one,  kept  up  his  rapid  run, 
and  won  the  heat  by  a  trifle,  in  the  fastest  time  on  record,  6.33^. 
Arrow  had  in  the  last  few  jumps  of  the  heat  evidently  been 
gaining,  and  as  the  two  passed  the  judges'  stand,  Arrow  was  at 
the  saddle  girth  of  Flea. 

As  Arrow  had  apparently  labored  more  in  the  first  heat  than 
Flea,  and  appeared  more  distressed  by  his  exertions,  and  the 
great  heat  of  the  sun,  the  race  by  some  persons  was  looked 
upon  as  almost  finished,  Flea  becoming  the  favorite  at  odds  of 
100  to  20.  In  the  second  heat  Arrow  again  led  the  way,  open- 
ing a  large  gaj),  and  apparently  running  with  more  ease  and 
steadiness  tlian  in  the  first  heat ;  Arrow  kept  the  lead,  in  spite 
of  every  efii'ort  of  Flea  to  take  it,  although  he  strove  hard  to  do 
so  ;  but  Arrow  won  the  heat  in  the  quick  time  of  5.36,  by  two 
open  lengths. 

Again  the  betting  changed,  and  Arrow  came  into  favor  at 
odds  of  100  to  30.  In  the  third  heat  Arrow  again  led  ofi", 
soon  opening  a  gap  of  twelve  lengths,  and  never  more  even 
lapped,  winning  the  heat  and  race  handily,  by  eight  clear 
lengths,  in  5.43^. 

The  whole  race  was  a  most  remarkable  one,  the  time  being 
the  best  on  record  at  three-mile  heats.  The  two  first  heats  were 
also  as  exciting  as  ever  witnessed  on  a  race  course ;  but  we 
must  stop  our  remarks  and  give  the  figures. 

SUMMARY. 

Sunday,  April  9— Jockey  Club  Purse,  $1,000,  for  all  ages,  weights  as  above.  Tbree-mile  heats. 

D.  F.    Kenner's  ch.  g.    Arrow,  by  Boston,  out  of   Jeannetton   by  imp.  Leviathan, 

5yrs.— Abe— 211 

A.  L.  Bingaman's  b.  g.  Little  Flea,  by  Grey  Eagle,  dam,  imp.,  by  Acta;on,  5  yrs.— Gil. 

Patrick— 122 

IST  Heat.  2d  Heat.  8d  Heat. 

Time  of  1st  mile,  ....  1.51  ....  1.52J  ....  1.52^ 
Time  of  2d  mile,  ....  1.51  ....  1.51  ....  1.54i 
Time  of  8d  mile,  ....    1.51i  ....    1.52i    ....    1.56i 

Total  time, 5.33i  ....    5.86      ....    5.48J 


NEW   ORLEANS    SPRING   MEETING,    1854.  347 

The  late  Races. — ^The  two  weeks'  Spring  races  of  tlie  Me- 
tairie  Jockey  Club  are  over,  and  now  that  the  excitement  con- 
nected with  them  is  past,  it  is  on  looking  back  and  reviewing 
the  series  of  brilliant  events  which  have  taken  place  during 
their  continuance,  that  we  can  truly  say  that  they  are  unpar- 
alleled in  the  racing  annals  of  the  country.  The  admirable  and 
discreet  manner  in  which  all  the  preliminaries  and  accessories 
were  arranged  by  Mr.  Richard  Ten  Broeck,  the  proprietor,  was 
most  fortunate  for  the  pleasure  and  success  of  the  meeting.  But 
few  persons  are  aware  of  the  many  perplexing  difficulties  to  be 
encountered  in  the  management  of  a  brilliant  race  meeting,  in 
order  to  give  that  general  satisfaction  which  is  felt  and  expressed 
by  the  community. 

During  the  last  two  weeks,  not  only  one  race,  but  many, 
have  been  run,  which  for  speed  are  unequalled  in  all  the  records 
of  the  "  Racing  Calendar." 

The  "  State  Stake,"  although  run  in  slow  time,  owing  to  the 
condition  of  the  track,  was  still  a  most  interesting,  closely  con- 
tested, and  heavy-betting  contest. 

The  three-mile  race  of  Blonde,  on  the  5th  inst.,  when  she 
beat  Little  Flea  in  5.36^ — 5.3-4,  was  then  the  quickest  three- 
mile  race  on  record  ;  but  on  the  9th  inst..  Little  Flea  and  Arrow 
ran  a  three-mile  race  in  the  astonishing  time  of  5.33^ — 5.36 — 
5.43i  ;  Little  Flea  winning  the  first  heat  and  Arrow  winning 
the  race. 

"Wild  L-ishman  won,  on  the  7th  inst.,  a  two-mile  j)urse,  in 
two  heats,  in  3.441—3.39. 

On  the  6th  inst.,  Teallie,  a  two-year- old  filly,  won  a  race  at 
mile  heats,  best  three  in  five,  in  which  six  horses  started,  in 
the  unequalled  time  of  1.47^—1.48— 1.46i— 1.461—1.48— 1.46^ 
—1.50. 

Less  than  1.47  has  frequently  been  done  by  difierent  horses. 

But  the  most  brilliant  event  of  all  was  the  four-mile  race  of 
the  8th  inst.,  in  which  Lecomte,  Lexington  and  Reube  ran  ;  the 
latter  being  distanced  in  the  second  heat,  and  Lecomte  winning 
the  race  in  two  heats,  although  he  carried  three  pounds  over 
weight,  in  the  unparalleled  and  never  before  expected  fast  time 
of  7.26 — 7.38f !  We  might  dwell  upon  many  other  pleasant 
features  connected  with  the  late  meeting,  comparing  the  above 


348  THE   HOKSE. 

witli  previous  performances,  but  tliis  paper  is  not  exactly  the 
proper  arena  for  that  interesting  discussion.  The  cohimns  of 
the  "  Spirit  of  the  Times  "  are  broad  and  ample,  and  there  we 
anticipate  reading  many  pleasant  recitals  of  the  incidents,  and 
comparisons  deduced  from  the  figures  and  blood  displayed 
during  the  late  meeting,  from  many  able  pens.  The  -whole  sea- 
son has  been  most  profitable  to  the  enterprising  proprietor,  Mr. 
Ten  Broeck,  and  has  given  much  gratification  to  a  larger  num- 
ber of  persons  than  were  ever  before  assembled  in  this  portion 
of  the  country  on  similar  occasions. — W.  0.  Picayune. 


These  campaigns  of  1854,  1855,  and  1856,  the  principal 
events  of  which,  as  above  recorded,  will  long  stand  conspicuous 
in  the  annals  of  the  American  Turf,  are  certainly  to  be  con- 
sidered of  great  mark. 

Although  the  springy  and  elastic  nature  of  the  New  Orleans 
courses  are  peculiarly  favorable  to  the  making  of  fast  time,  and 
the  excessive  lightness  of  the  Southern  weights  tend  to  the  same 
result,  no  one  can  deny  the  greatness  of  the  achievements. 

The  fastest  four-mile  heats  in  Y.26i  by  Lecomte,  in  7.19f  by 
Lexington,  against  Lecomte's  time,  and  lastly  in  7.23f  by  Lex- 
ington, against  Lecomte;  the  fastest  three-mile  heats  in  5.30| 
and  5.28,  by  Brown  Dick  against  Arrow ;  and  the  fastest  mile 
that  ever  was  run,  of  truly  recorded  time,  and  that  the  third  of 
a  two-mile  heat,  constitute  certainly  a  record  of  which  to  be 
proud. 

But,  alas  !  of  these  chamj)ions  what  remains  to  record  ? 
Lexington,  blind  prematurely ;  Henry  Perritt,  dead  of  his  over- 
exertions ;  Lecomte,  said — it  is  hoped  untruly — to  be  amiss,  in 
his  forelegs,  in  England ;  Pryor  and  Prioress  alone  left  to 
support  their  country's  glory  on  the  classic  sod  of  Newmarket 
heath  and  Goodwood.  To  judge  of  the  powers  they  have 
shown,  and  of  the  vast  allowances  with  which  they  will  run, 
one  would  say  that  they  ought  to  conquer !  But  the  race  is  not 
always  to  the  swift,  nor  the  battle  to  the  strong.       H.  W.  H. 


TIME.  349 


FASTEST   AND   BEST   EDNNING   TIME    ON   RECORD. 

Three-quarters  of  a  mile,  by  Karragansett,  at  Narragansett 
Park,  August  25,  1868,  1.1  Tf 

Three-quarters  of  a  mile,  by  Flash  of  Lightning,  3  years  old, 
at  Saratoga,  August  18,  1870,  87  pounds,  1.1T|-. 

One  mile,  best  on  record,  by  Judge  Curtis  (late  Gen.  Duke), 
at  Saratoga,  July  18,  1870,  114  pounds,  1.431 

One  mile,  by  Herzog,  3  years  old,  carrying  90  pounds,  second 
heat,  1.43|-,  at  Cincinnati,  May  25,  1869. 

One  mile,  Yersailles,  first  heat  in  1.43f ,  full  weight,  at  Cin- 
cinnati, September  21,  1869. 

One  mile,  May  30,  1866,  second  heat.  Revolver,  1.44^. 

Mammona  ran  the  first  heat  at  Lexington,  Ky.,  1862,  in 
1.441. 

One  mile,  Pompey  Payne,  second  heat,  in  1.44|-,  full  weight, 
at  Lexington,  Ky.,  May  17,  1869. 

One  mile,  the  best  on  record  for  a  two-year  old,  by  Hamburg, 
in  L45,  at  Cincinnati,  September  23,  1869. 

One  mile.  General  Duke,  at  two  years  old,  1.45-I-,  at  Cincin- 
nati, September  26,  1867. 

Climax  ran  a  mile  at  Jerome  Park,  July,  1S6S,  with  148J 
pounds  up,  in  1.48J. 

One  and  an  eighth  miles,  by  Fanny  Ludlow,  at  Saratoga, 
August,  1869,  1.56.     This  is  at  the  rate  of  1A?>^  to  the  mile. 

Fastest  one  and  a  quarter  mile  dash,  by  jSTarragansett,  in  2.10, 
at  Saratoga,  August  4,  1869,  carrying  90  pounds. 

One  mile  and  a  half,  the  fastest  by  Gleuelg,  4  years  old,  100 
pounds,  at  Monmouth  Park,  Long  Branch,  August  2, 1870,  2.37|. 

Fastest  one  and  three-quarter  mile  dash,  by  Corsican,  4  years 
old,  105  pounds,  in  3.07|,  at  Saratoga,  August  7,  1869. 

Fastest  two  miles  on  record,  run  by  Hegira,  at  New  Orleans, 
November  23,  1850,  catch  weight,  3.341. 

Best  two  miles  on  record,  at  Lexington,  Ky.,  September  12, 
1867,  by  Lancaster,  3.351— 3.381 

Fastest  two  and  a  quarter  miles,  by  Kentucky,  at  Saratoga, 
August,  1865,  4.01|. 


350  THE   HORSE. 

Best  two  and  a  quarter  miles,  by  Muggins,  4  years  old,  118 
pounds,  at  Saratoga,  August  2,  1867,  4.03. 

Fastest  two  and  a  half  miles,  by  Ilelmbold,  4  years,  at  Long 
Branch,  July  30,  1870,  4.331 

Two  and  a  half  miles,  by  General  Yorke,  at  Narragansett 
Park,  August,  1868,  4.37|. 

Fastest  and  best  three-mile  race  on  record,  by  Norfolk,  Sep- 
tember 23,  1865,  California,  5.27J— 5.29i. 

Fastest  four  miles  on  record,  Lexington,  5  years  old,  103 
pounds,  at  New  Orleans,  April  2,  1855,  7.19f. 

Same,  Lexington,  five  years  old,  103|  pounds,  April  14, 1855, 
beating  Lecomte,  7.23f . 

Best  four  miles  on  record,  Idlewild,  on  Long  Island,  June 
25,  1863,  full  weight,  7.26i 

Fastest  hurdle  race,  two  miles,  over  eight  hurdles,  by  Jones- 
boro,  3.51 1,  at  the  Metairie  Course,  April  11,  1868. 

Best  hurdle  race,  two  miles,  over  eight  hurdles,  by  Black- 
bird, at  Saratoga,  August,  1867,  3.57|,  carrying  161  pounds. 

EDITORIAL  NOTES. 

*  (P.  343.)  Cassandra  was  imj^ortcd  iu  foal  to  Shakspeare,  which  foal  was  called 
Stella. 

f  (P.  345.)  At  the  same  moetiug,  three  days  after  he  was  beaten  by  Brown 
Dick,  he  beat  Le  Roi  three  miles,  in  5.35^.  Le  Roi  was  drawn  after  the  first  heat. 
At  Xatchez,  two  days  before,  he  was  beaten  by  Lecomte,  four-mile  heats.  He 
beat  Ricardo,  three-mile  heats,  in  5.48^.  Ricardo  was  drawn  after  first  heat.  Iu 
1856,  at  Natchez,  Miss.,  he  beat  Bijou,  three-mile  heats,  in  6.04| — 6.14.  At  Xew 
Orleans,  Blonde  beat  him,  three-mile  heats,  in  5.38^ — 5.4.7. 


PEDIGREE, 

CHARACTERISTICS    AND    PERFORMANCES    OF    PRYOR. 

Peyoe  was  got  by  Glencoe,  in  1852 — dam  Gipsey,  own  sister 
to  Medoc  by  American  Eclipse,  g.  dam  Young  Maid  of  the 
Oaks  l)y  Imp.  Expedition,  g.  g.  dam,  Maid  of  the  Oaks  by  Imp. 
Spread  Eagle,  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Imp.  Sharke,  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by 
Nelson's  Eockingham,  g.  g.  g,  g.  g.  dam  by  True  Whig,  g.  g.  g. 
g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Bajdor's  Gallant,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Bnr- 
well's  Regulus,  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  by  Imp.  Diamond,  &c. 
4  ExPEDiTioisr  was  by  Pegasus,  dam  Active  by  Woodpecker. 
Laura  by  Whistle  Jacket,  Pretty  Polly  by  Starling,  sister  to 
Diana  by  Second,  Hanger's  mare  by  Stanyan's  Arabian,  Gipsey 
by  King  William's  Barb,  Makeless,  Royal  mare. 

Pegasus  was  by  Eclipse  out  of  a  Bosphorus  mare,  Forester, 
Coalition  Colt,  Bustard,  Charming  Molly. 

Woodpecker  was  by  Herod,  dam  Miss  Ramsden  by  Lonsdale 
Arabian,  Bay  Bolton,  Darley  Arabian,  Byerly  Turk,  Place's 
White  Turk,  Taiiblet  Barb,  Barb  Mare. 

Wliistle  Jacket  was  by  Mogul,  Sweepstakes  Mare,  Hamp- 
ton Court  Arab,  Makeless,  Brimmer,  White  Turk,  Dodsworth, 
Lay  ton  Barb  Mare. 

Mogul  was  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  dam,  Large  Hartley 
Mare. 

Sweepstakes  was  by  the  Bloody  Shouldered  Arab,  Baste, 
Old  Spot,  Young  Spanker,  Hautboy,  Bustler. 

Spread  Eagle  was  got  by  Volunteer,  dam  by  Highflyer,  g. 
dam  by  Engineer,  g.  g.  dam  by  Cade,  g.  g.  g.  dam  Lass  of  the 
Mill  by  Traveller,  g.  g.  g.  g.  dam  Miss  Makeless. 


353  THE   HORSE. 

Shakke  was  got  by  Marske,  dam,  Wag's  dam  by  Marlbo- 
rough, g.  dam  a  natural  Barb  mare,  dam  of  Lord  Portmore's 
Tiney. 

Marlborough  was  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian  out  of  tlie 
Large  Hartley  Mare,  own  brother  to  Mogul. 

Rockingham  was  by  Partner,  dam  Imp.  mare  Blossom,  grand 
dam  by  Sloe,  g.  g.  dam  by  Pegulus. — This  mare  is  not  in  the 
Stud-Books. 

Partner  was  by  Moreton's  Traveller  out  of  Selima  by  the 
Godolphin  Arabian. 

Moreton's  Traveller  was  by  Croft's  Partner,  Bloody  Buttocks, 
Greyhound,  Makeless,  Brimmer,  White  Turk,  Dodsworth,  Lay- 
ton  Barb  mare. 

True  Whig  by  Fitshugh's  Regulus,  dam  Spotswood,  Imp. 
Cullen  Arabian  mare,  dam  of  Apollo. 

Gallant  was  got  by  Imp,  Fearnought,  dam  Stately  by  Imp. 
Sober  John,  g.  dam  Imp.  mare  Strawberry. 

Imp.  Regulus  was  got  by  Regulus  in  England,  dam  by  Part- 
ner, Cupid,  Hautboy,  &c. 

Fearnought  was  by  Regulus,  dam  Silvertail  by  Ileneage's 
Whitenose,  Rattle,  Darley  Arabian,  Old  Child  mare  by  Gresley 
Arabian,  Yixen  by  Ilelmsley  Turk,  Dodsworth's  dam. 

Jenny  Dismal  is  said  to  be  by  Dismal,  son  of  the  Godolphin, 
out  of  Bald  Charlotte,  but  is  not  in  the  Stud  Book. 

Sober  John- was  by  Hercules  out  of  sister  to  Telemachus,  by 
Herod,  Skim,  Janus,  Spinster  by  Crab,  Partner,  Bloody  But- 
tocks.  Greyhound,  Makeless,  Brimmer,  White  Turk,  Dodsworth, 
Layton  Barb  Mare. 

Hercules  was  by  Matchem,  dam  Riot  by  Regulus,  Blaze, 
Fox,  Darley  Arabian,  Woodcock's  dam. 

The  mare  Strawberry  cannot  be  traced. 

Diamond  is  said  to  be  a  son  of  Hautboy,  his  dam  unknown, 
but  he  cannot  be  traced  in  the  English  Stud  Books  ;  and  beyond 
this  the  pedigree  of  Gipsey  cannot  be  followed. 

*  Sober  John  foaled  in  1748;  imported  into  Virginia,  by  Col.  Baylor.  By  Rib, 
balance  of  pedigree  unknown.  The  following  sketch  may  be  found  in  Hebers's 
English  Racing  Calendar  for  1754,  page  187.  He  ran  that  year  six  times,  and  won 
the  following  races: — May  23,  Wisbech,  Norfolk,  £50;  June  12,  Stamford,  Lincoln- 
shire, £50.  He  cannot  be  out  of  a  Ilerod  mare,  for  Sober  John  was  foaled  ten 
years  before  Herod — one  in  1748,  the  other  1758.  Plercules,  his  sire,  was  foaled 
in  1772,  and  Matchem,  Hercules  sire,  was  foaled  in  1748. — Ed. 


DESCRIPTION    OF   PETOE.  353 

This,  upon  the  whole,  may  be  regarded  as  a  fair  specimen  of 
an  American  pedigree,  being  traceable,  so  far  as  it  can  be  traced 
at  all,  to  English  horses  of  unimpeachable  character ;  and  failing 
at  last,  from  the  want  of  records  at  an  early  date. 

The  performances  of  the  whole  family,  however,  are  far  too 
decided  and  too  long  sustained  to  leave  a  doubt  of  the  blood. 

DESCEIPTION  OF   PEYOK. 

Of  this  horse,  concerning  whom  there  has  always  prevailed 
something  of  mystery,  as  of  Lecomte,  I  have  been  able  to  find 
no  published  description.  The  fine  poi'trait  which  accompanies 
this  memoir,  exquisitely  engraved  by  Mr.  Hinshelwood,  from  an 
original  picture  in  the  possession  of  his  owner  Mr.  Ten  Broeck, 
and  lent,  by  his  courtesy,  for  this  work,  is  said  to  be  an  excel- 
lent likeness. 

Its  peculiar  characteristic  is  the  extreme  length  of  the  neck 
and  forehand,  and  the  light  spiry  cut  of  the  animal  generally ; 
yet  w^e  are  told,  by  those  who  have  seen  and  known  him,  that  he 
is  rather  a  pony-built  and  close-ribbed-up  horse  than  otherwise, 
which  certainly  does  not  appear  from  the  portrait  in  question. 
His  color  is  a  somewhat  dull  chestnut.  There  has  been  some  dis- 
pute about  his  age,  but  I  can  state  on  authority  that  it  is  clearly 
authenticated  that  he  is  only  in  his  fourth  year. 

His  first  appearance  was  on  the  Metairie  Course  at  New 
Orleans,  on  the  same  day  on  Avhicli  Lexington  won  his  great 
match  against  Lecomte's  time,  when  he  came  out  winner,  in  the 

Thursday,  April  5th — Picayune  stakes,  2  year  olds  to  carry  3  year  old  weights,  colts  86  lbs.,  fillies 
83  lbs.,  nineteen  subscribers,  mile  heats,  at  $300  each,  forfeit,  $100,  dec.  $50. 

R.  Ten  Broeck's  ch.  c.  Pryor,  by  Imp  Glencoe,  out  of  Gipsey, 2     11 

W.  J.  Minor's  gr.  f.  La  dame  Blanche,  by  Voucher,  out  of  Lady  Jane  by  Imp.  Levi- 
athan,         132 

D.  F.  Kenner's  Melody,  by  Voucher  out  of  Music, 3    2    8 

Time,  1.50— 1.50— 1.56|. 

Again  at  the  same  meeting,  he  ran  with  different  fortune. 

Friday,  April  13th. — Sweepstakes  of  2  year  olds  to  carry  3  year  old  weights,  as  above,  mile  hcata, 
five  subscribers  at  $200  each,  h.  ft.  with  $2S0  added  by  the  Club. 

D.  F.  Kenner's  br.  t  Minnow,  by  Voucher  out  of  Dolphin  by  Leviathan,       .        .        .  2    11 

E.  Ten  Broeck's  ch.  c.  Pryor,  by  Imp.  Glencoe  out  of  Gipsey, 3    2    2 

A.  L.  Bin?aman"s  b.  c.  by  Bundle  and  Go,  dam  by  Medoc, 4    4    3 

A.  Lecomte  &  Co.'s  ch. F.  Mary  Bertrand,  by  Glencoe,  dam  by  Imp.  Piiuin,  .        .  18  dst 

K.  L.  Bingaman's  g.  c.  by  Belshazzar  out  of  Laura  by  Pacific, 

Time.  l.SSJ  -1.46i— 1.48^. 

Vol.  I.— 28 


354  THE   H0K8E. 

In  the  autumn  lie  was  again  defeated  by  Minnow — 

For — Wpdnesday,  Nov.  4th. — Jockey  Club  Purse,  $400,  for  all  ages,  3  year  olds  carrying  86  lbs,,  ♦— 
100  lbs.,  5 — 110  lbs.,  6 — 118  lbs.,  7  and  upwards  124  lbs.,  allowing  3  lbs.  for  mares  and  geld 
ings.    Two-mile  heats. 

D.  F.  Kenner's  d.  g.  Minnow,  by  Voucher  out  of  Dolphin  by  Imp,  Leviathan,  3  years,  1    1 

E.  Ten  Broeck's  ch.  c.  Pryor,  by  Glencoe  out  of  Gipsey,  3  years,  ..•..22 

D.  J.  Minor's  ch.  c.  Vandyke,  by  Imp.  Belshazzar  out  of  Imp.  Britannia,  4  years,       .       .       3  dst. 

Time,  3.43-5.36 J. 

And  in  the  month  ensuing  he  closed  his  campaign  on  the 
Metairie  Course. 

Sunday,  Dec.  9th. — Purse,  $250,  for  all  ages,  weight  as  above.     Two-mile  heats. 

E.  Ten  Broeck's  ch.  c.  Pryor,  by  Glencoe  out  of  Gipsey,  3  years  old, 11 

A.  Lecomte  &  Co.'s  Corinne,  by  Imp.  Glencoe  dam  by  Imp.  Sarpedon,  3  years, ...        2    2 

B.  Eiley's  ch.  g.  Eed  Ox,  by  Pat  Galway  out  of  Ha'penny,  4  years  old,  carried  5  lbs.  extra,     8    8 

Time,  4.13-^.lT. 


NATCHEZ,  MISS.,  SPRING  EACES. 

PIIARSALIA   COURSE. 
PRYOR    AND   LECOMTE— PRYOR   THE   VICTOR. 

Third  Day. — Tlie  race  which  took  place  at  Natchez  on  Sat- 
urday last,  four-mile  heats,  between  Pryor  and  Lecomte,  was,  I 
think,  almost  equal  to  any  I  ever  witnessed,  stamping  both  of 
the  contending  nags  as  first-rate  horses,  and  proving  conclusive- 
ly to  my  mind  that  Lecomte  is  a  gamer  and  better  horse  than  I 
had  previously  given  him  credit  for.  The  difficulties  which  he 
encountered  in  the  prosecution  of  his  tedious  land  journey  from 
Alexandria  to  Natchez,  could  not  have  been  instrumental  in 
improving  his  condition,  which,  however,  to  appearance  was 
all  that  could  be  desired.  His  eye  was  clear  and  bright,  as  was 
his  skin,  and  his  proud  defiant  air,  and  elastic  step,  betokened 
ability  to  go  the  pace,  and  keep  it.  In  his  exercise,  which  I 
particularly  noticed  the  day  before  the  race,  I  was  much  pleased 
with  the  style  in  which  he  came  down  the  quarter  stretch.  He 
looked  as  if  he  could  fairly  fly.  He  had  no  superfluous  flesh 
upon  him,  and  in  short,  upon  stripping  for  the  race,  he  looked 
the  perfection  of  a  horse. 

Of  Pryor  but  little  was  known,  and  therefore  little  was  ex- 
pected.    Twice  had  he  met  Mr.  Kenners  filly  Minnow,  and  in 


PETOR   AND   LECOMTE.  355 

both  instances  he  was  compelled  to  yield  the  palm  of  superi- 
ority to  her  powers — tlie  latter  race  of  two-mile  heats  was  the 
longest  distance  he  had  ever  i-nn.  In  his  race  with  Le  Roi, 
three  days  previously,  he  had  developed  extraordinary  fleetness, 
and  the  purity  of  his  blood,  and  the  general  excellence  of  his 
form,  gave  promise  ot  endurance  which  lured  his  trainer  to  the 
desperate  chance  of  attacking  even  so  formidable  a  rival  as  the 
renowned  Lecomte,  of  7.2G  memory.  A  better  bred  or  more 
gallant  steed  ne'er  struck  the  ground  than  Pryor,  and  in  this 
contest  well  and  nobly  has  he  sustained  the  exalted  reputation 
that  his  ancestors,  on  the  maternal  side,  years  long  gone  by, 
established  upon  the  American  Tuif  by  their  glorious  achieve- 
ments. 

The  Fharsalia  Course,  at  be^t  a  slow  one,  according  to  esti- 
mates of  those  who,  for  many  years,  have  trained  and  run 
horses  upon  it,  was  not  less  than  from  twelve  to  fifteen  seconds 
slower  than  in  its  best  condition,  and  yet  the  time  made  upon 
this  occasion,  if  I  have  not  been  misinformed,  was  better  than 
any  every  before  made  upon  the  course.  This  speaks  trumpet- 
tongued,  and  fully  explains  the  superiority  of  the  contestants, 
and  tlie  excellence  of  their  condition. 

There  was  but  little  betting  at  the  commencement  of  the 
race — 100  to  15  in  some  instances — 100  to  20  for  a  while  cur- 
rent— more  hundreds  than  twenties  on  Lecomte. 

The  lack  of  changes  or  variety  in  the  race,  precludes  the 
necessity  of  a  very  lengthy  description.  It  was  evident,  from 
the  start,  that  the  instructions  to  Pryor's  rider  were,  "  wait  and 
win,"  and  he  fulfilled  them  to  the  letter,  and  rode  the  race 
throughout  in  a  style  that  would  have  given  credit  to  Gil.  Pa- 
trick. 

Pryor  went  oflf  with  the  lead,  but  resigned  it  to  Lecomte  at 
the  commencement  of  the  back  stretch,  and  took  position  about 
three  lengths  in  his  rear.  These  positions  were  but  slightly 
changed  during  three  and  a  half  miles,  the  pace,  however,  visi- 
bly increased  in  the  second  and  third  miles.  On  the  fourth  mile 
they  were  running  at  tell-tale  stroke.  Just  after  passing  the 
half-mile  post,  Pryor  made  play,  and,  by  a  terrific  burst  of 
speed,  passed  his  competitor  like  a  dart,  amidst  the  most  un- 
earthly and  deafening  shouts  I  ever  heard.     The  run  liorae  was 


356  THE   HOESE. 

at  a  rapid  fliglit,  and  for  a  while  exciting  ;  Lecomte,  however, 
could  not  reach  his  wirj  antagonist,  who  came  to  the  stand 
about  a  clear  length  in  the  lead.  Tlie  time  of  the  fourth  mile, 
1.52  !  of  the  heat,  7.47. 

The  problem  of  Pryor's  ability  to  go  another  four  miles 
was  not  yet  solved  to  the  satisfaction  of  his  friends,  and  at  the 
pace  which  it  was  certain  Lecomte  would  carry  him  the  next 
heat,  they  well  knew  lie  had  to  be  a  trump.  He  looked,  how- 
ever, as  if  he  could  go  to  Salisbury,  N.  C,  and  his  appearance 
and  behavior,  before  starting  for  the  second  heat,  inspired 
fresh  confidence  in  his  friends,  who  backed  him  heavily  at  even, 
to  win. 

Lecomte  was  evidently  not  a  little  the  worse  for  wear. 
"When  he  stopped,  he  "blew  out"  strong  and  heartily,  but  a 
short  time  before  starting  again  he  had  a  quick  "  sheep  blow," 
which  plainly  indicated  that  he  was  tired,  and  his  conduct  dur- 
ing the  remainder  of  the  race  impelled  me  to  the  conviction 
which  I  have  expressed  at  the  commencement  of  this  report. 
Throughout  the  whole  race,  gallantly  and  faithfully  did  he  re- 
spond to  each  call  made  upon  him — but  in  vain ;  it  was  too 
evident  that  he  was  overmatched. 

The  second  heat  was  almost  a  repetition  of  the  first,  save 
that  it  was  faster,  which,  under  the  circumstances,  astonished 
all  who  witnessed  it.  Lecomte  was  determined  to  "  do  or  die." 
Pryor  equally  determined  to  allow  him  to  regulate  the  pace, 
until  it  suited  his  rider  to  take  the  lead.  Yery  nearly  at  the 
same  sjDot  as  in  the  first  heat  he  made  a  terrific  dash,  and  gave 
him  the  go-by  at  a  sort  of  telegraphic  speed,  and  came  in,  I  am 
constrained  to  say,  an  easy  winner.  About  tliat  time,  and  for 
several  minutes  afterward,  it  would  have  been  somewhat  difii- 
cult  to  "  hear  any  thing  drop."     The  time  of  the  heat,  7.44f . 

SUMMAET. 
Saturday,  March  15 — Association  Purse,  $S00,  for  all  ages,  weights  as  above.    Four-milo  heata. 
A.  L.  Bingaman's — E.  Ten  Broeck's — ch.  c.  Pryor,  pedigree  above,  3  yrs.  .  ..11 

Thos.  J.  Wells'  ch.  h.  Lecomte,  by  Boston,  out  of  Eeel,  5  yrs.        ......       2    2 


FIKST  HEAT. 

Time  of  first  mile, 2.00 

Time  of  second  mile, 1.57 

Time  of  third  mile, 1.58 

Time  of  fourth  mile, 1.52 


6EC0RD  HEAT. 

Time  of  first  mile, 1.56 

Time  of  second  mile, l.SfJ 

Time  of  third  mile 1.58 

Time  of  fourth  mile, 1.54 


Time  of  first  heat, T.4T    Time  of  second  heat, 7.4-l| 

Track  heavy. 

^ew  Orleans  Picayune, 


PERFORMANCES   OF    PRYOR.  357 

In  the  month  of  July,  1856,  he  was  sent  with  Lecomte  and 
Prioress,  Mr.  Ten  Broeck's  string,  by  the  City  of  Edinburgh  to 
Glasgow,  and  is  now  understood  to  be  in  training  on  IsTewmarket 
heath.  It  is  understood  that  their  owner  entertains  higlier 
liopes  and  expectations  of  this  horse,  than  his  performances 
would  appear  exactly  to  justify,  but  his  sagacity  and  judgment 
are  such,  and  have  been  so  rarely  proved,  that  it  were  unwise 
greatly  to  distrust  the  conclusions  to  which  he  may  have  delib- 
erately come,  on  grounds  best  known  to  himself. 


FASHION  JOCKEY  CLUB  KACES. 

APRIL  SPRING  MEETING,  1856. 

Second  Race — Second  Day. — Tliere  were  three  entries  for 
the  Jockey  Club  stakes,  four-mile  heats — Pryor,  Floride,  and 
Augusta ;  the  latter  paid  forfeit ;  in  town  on  Tuesday  and 
Wednesday  morning,  Floride  was  the  favorite,  but  as  the  race 
was  postponed,  all  bets  made  previous  to  the  postponement  are 
void.  On  the  course,  Pryor  was  the  favorite  at  100  to  75,  and  a 
large  amount  of  money  was  laid  out  at  these  odds — one  gentle- 
man winning  not  less  than  $10,000. 

Pryor  drew  the  track,  and  an  excellent  start  was  effected. 
Floride  soon  went  in  front,  and  passed  the  stand  a  length  ahead 
the  first  mile,  Pryor  making  a  waiting  race  of  it  until  reaching 
the  first  quarter  of  the  last  mile,  when  he  went  up,  and  they 
passed  the  half  mile  post  lapped,  Pryor  winning  handily  by 
three  lengths. 

Second  Heat. — 100  to  20  and  100  to  10  were  now  offered  on 
Prj'or,  but  few  or  no  takers  could  be  found,  as  it  was  thought 
that  Floride  could  not  make  her  way  through  the  heavy  course. 
Floride  led  off,  and  took  the  track  after  making  the  first  turn. 
The  running  from  here  to  the  end  was  similar  to  that  in  the 
first  heat,  Pryor  waiting  till  .the  last  half  mile,  when  he  went 
up,  passed,  and  won  by  two  lengths.  Floride  is  a  beautiful 
mare,  but  Pi-yor  is  a  perfect  specimen  of  a  race-horse. 


358 


THE   HORSE. 


The  following  is  a  summaiy  of  tlie  day's  sport : — 

Thursday,  June  19 — Jockey  Club  stakes  for  all  ages,  weights  as  before.    Three  subs,  at  $200  each, 
$100  ft.    If  two  shall  start,  the  Club  will  add  $900 ;  if  three,  $1,200 ;  if  four,  or  more,  $1,500  ; 
if  three  or   more  shall  start,  then  the  second  best  to  receive  back  its  entrance  money. 
Four-mile  heats. 
E.  Ten  Broeck"s  ch.  c.  Pryor,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  out  of  Gipsey  by  Eclipse,  4  yrs.         .       .11 
T.  J.  Woolfolk's  ch.  m.  Floride,  by  Wagner,  dam  by  Imp.  Glencoe,  5  yrs.          ...        2    2 
Calvin  Green's  b.  f.  Augusta,  pedigree  above,  4  yrs. pd.  ft. 


FIEST  HEAT. 

Time  of  first  mile, 2,0S 

Time  of  second  mile,       ....  2.06 

Time  of  third  mile.    .        ,        .        .        .  2.02i 

Time  of  fourth  mile,       ....  2.01 

Time  of  first  heat, 8.1 7f 


SECOND  HEAT. 

Time  of  first  mile, 2.14 

Time  of  second  mile,       ....  2.10J 

Time  of  third  mile, 1.58i 

Time  of  fourth  mile,       ....  1.56} 


Time  of  second  heat. 


8.19 


Same  day — Association  stake  for  three-year-olds,  weights  as  before.    Four  subs,  at  $300  each,  $100 

ft.,  with  $300  added.    Mile  heats. 
Wm.  H.  Gibbon's  ch.  g.  Nicholas  I.,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  out  of  Nannie  Ehodes  by  Wagner,    1    1 

Calvin  Green's  b.  c.  by  imp.  Glencoe,  out  of  Darkness  by  Wagner, 3    2 

R.  Ten  Broeck's  b.  f.  Prioress  (late  Poison),  by  imp.  Sovereign,  out  of  Reel  by  imp. 

Glencoe, ,       .  2  dist 

F.  Morris's  br.  f.  Etiquette,  pedigree  above, pd.  ft. 

Time,  1.55— l.dTJ.    Track  heavy. 

A  very  numerous  assemblage  of  spectators  "was  j)resent,  and 
quite  a  large  number  of  ladies,  -whose  smiling  countenances  lent 
a  charm  to  the  scene  ■which  is  too  frequently  -wanting  on  our 
courses ;  and  the  -way  they  (the  ladies)  entered  into  the  sport, 
■was  a  caution  to  persons  -who  think  it  a  sin  to  laugh  on  Sunday, 
or  -witness  a  contest  of  speed  between  the  noblest  of  the  brate 
creation,  although  they  object  not  to  attend  in  thousands  to 
witness  a  trial  of  strength  between  two  yoke  of  powerful  oxen 
drawing  a  load  of  several  tons  up  hill.  Two  of  these  ladies, 
by  the  way,  finding  the  reporters'  stand  a  very  convenient  place 
from  which  to  view  the  race,  took  advantage  of  our  temporary 
absence,  and  possession  of  our  seat,  much  to  our  regret,  and 
kept  it  until  the  termination  of  the  heat.  We  were  too  gallant, 
of  course,  to  attempt  to  dislodge  them — they  did  seem  to  enjoy 
it  so  / 

Pryor  was  tal^en  to  England,  as  elsewhere  noticed.  He  ran 
twice  in  England,  but  won  nothing.  He  died  October  22, 1S57, 
of  inflammation  of  the  lungs. 


ASTEROID.  359 


ASTEEOID. 


AsTEEom,  bred  by  Messrs,  J.  C.  Cbinn  &  Co.,  was  by  Lex- 
ington. 1st  dam  Nebula,  by  imported  Glencoe ;  2d  dam  Blue 
Bonnet,  by  imported  Hedgeford ;  3d  dam  Grey  Fanny,  by  Bert- 
rand  ;  4tli  dam  Grey  Fanny,  by  imported  Buzzard ;  5tb  dam 
Arminda,  by  imported  Medley;  6th  dam  Arminda,  by  im- 
ported Bolton  ;  7th  dam  Sally  Wright  by  Yorick ;  8th  dam 
a  thorough-bred  mare  of  Col.  Tayloe's,  Mount  Airy,  Ya. 

For  Lexington's  pedigree  and  performances,  see  memoir, 
page  303. 

iN^ebula,  Asteroid's  dam,  was  a  grey  filly  foaled  in  1852,  bred 
by  Messrs.  J.  C.  Chinn  &  Co.  IS'ebula  was  never  trained,  con- 
sequently has  no  turf  career.  We  give  below  her  produce  as  far 
as  known,  which  we  believe  covers  them  all. 

nebula's  pkoduce. 

1859— b.  f.  Luna,  by  Lexington  ; 

1860 — b.  f.  Sue  Lewis,  by  Lexington; 

ISiJl — b.  c.  Asteroid,  by  Lexington  ; 

1862 — b.  c.  Asterisk,  by  Ringgold  ; 

1863— gr.  c.  Astor,  by  Lexington,  crippled  as  suckling ; 

1864 — missed  to  Lexington  ; 

18G5 — gr.  c.  Aneroid,  (alias  Hotspur),  by  Lexington. 

She  died  at  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  on  her  way  to  Illinois  after 
foaling  Aneroid,  who  was  reared  by  hand. 

Glencoe,  bred  by  Lord  Jersey,  in  1831,  was  by  Sultan  out 
of  Trampoline,  by  Tramp,  her  dam  Web  by  Waxy,  she  out  of 
Penelope  by  Trumpator,  etc.,  etc.,  etc. 

Glencoe  started  eight  times  in  1834,  and  won  six.  The 
Eiddlesworth  Stakes  at  Newmarket ;  the  Desert  Stakes  at  New- 


360  THE    HORSE. 

market ;  the  2000  Guineas  at  JN'ewmarket ;  the  Gold  Cup  at 
Goodwood ;  the  Racing  Stakes  at  Goodwood ;  the  Garden  Stakes 
at  Newmarket.  In  1835  he  won  the  Gold  Cup  at  Ascot,  and 
challenged  for  the  Whip  at  Newmarket,  which  was  not  accepted. 

Glencoe  was  withdrawn  from  the  turf  after  this  race,  and 
shortly  afterwards  purchased  by  Mr.  James  Jackson,  Florence, 
Ala,,  who  sent  an  order  to  England  to  purchase  the  best  horse  in 
the  market  for  sale.  After  his  purchase  Mr.  Jackson  permitted 
him  to  make  the  season  of  1836  in  England.  From  this  season 
sprang  the  celebrated  Pocahontas,  who  has  placed  his  name 
highest  upon  the  scroll  of  fame,  and  linked  it  imperishably  for  all 
time  with  the  brightest  pages  of  the  English  turf,  through  her 
three  distinguished  sons  Stockwell,  Rataplan  and  King  Tom. 

Glencoe  stood  in  this  country  from  1837  to  1857,  twenty 
years.  Amongst  the  most  distinguished  of  his  get,  we  would 
name  Reel,  Budelight,  Aduella,  Peytona,  Fanny  King,  Moth, 
Susan  Hill,  Torchlight,  Frankfort,  Highlander,  Nannie  Lewis, 
Pryor,  Aldelgisa,  Harper,  Blonde,  Charmer,  Star  Daris,  Yandal, 
"Wild  Irishman,  Sallie  Waters,  Hugh  L.  French,  Rigadoone,  Top- 
sy.  Magnolia,  Bonnie  Lassie,  Bonnie  Laddie,  Nannie  Clark, 
Nicholas,  Rhoda,  Novice,  and  Nebula. 

Glencoe  died  August  25th,  1857,  in  the  27th  year  of  his  age, 
and  he  has  been  of  inestimable  value  to  the  country  as  a  breeder; 
no  horse  either  native  or  imported  surpasses  or  equals  him  as  to 
brood  mares.  To  Reel,  by  imp.  Glencoe,  we  owe  Lecomte, 
Starke  and  Prioress ;  Fanny  King  produced  Brown  Dick ;  Nan- 
nie Lewis  produced  Aldebaran ;  Topaz  produced  Waterloo, 
Austerlitz,  Wagram,  Colton  and  Lodi ;  Magnolia  produced 
Princeton,  Skedaddle,  and  the  noted  brothers  Daniel  Boone  and 
Kentucky ;  Rhoda  produced  Fleetwing ;  Novice  produced  the 
renowned  Norfolk ;  Nebula  produced  Asteroid,  Sue  Lewis  and 
Asterisk ;  and  finally  Goodwood  and  Idlewild  were  both  from 
Glencoe  mares.  But  few  first-class  horses  on  the  turf  in  the  last 
ten  years  but  were  out  of  Glencoe  mares,  and  they  have  as  a 
general  thing  nicked  well  with  Lexington. 


asteroid's  perfoemances.  361 

description  of  asteroid. 

Asteroid  is  a  darkisli  bay,  foaled  in  1861,  bred  by  Messrs.  J. 
C.  Cliinn  &  Co.,  and  purchased  by  the  late  E..  A.  Alexander, 
Esq.,  wben  a  yearling,  along  with  Blue  Bonnet,  Nebula,  and 
others.  The  late  Mr.  Boyden  was  a  joint  owner  of  Blue  Bonnet 
and  her  produce.  He  died  during  the  war  in  Yirginia,  and  the 
surviying  partner,  the  late  Judge  Chinn  of  Ilarrodsburg,  Ky., 
sold  the  stock  to  Mr.  Alexander. 

Asteroid  stands  15  hands  1|  inches  high  without  shoes.  He 
has  a  large  star  about  the  size  of  a  silver  dollar  in  the  forehead. 
His  legs  are  black  from  a  little  above  the  knees  to  the  hocks, 
with  white  on  both  hind  pasterns  nearly  to  the  joint,  and  black 
spots  in  white  around  the  coronet.  His  near  fore-heel  is  white, 
extending  in  a  narrow  strip  around  the  coronet,  but  so  mingled 
with  black  spots  and  hau's  as  to  give  it  a  greyish  appearance.  He 
has  a  Glencoe  head,  Koman  in  character,  well  set  on  a  stout  and 
longish  neck,  running  into  beautiful  and  well-laid  shoulders. 
He  has  great  length,  immensely  stout  back,  well  coupled,  fine 
quarters  and  hips,  with  large  stifles  and  great  driving  powers. 
His  arms  are  large  and  strong,  immense  length  from  hip  to  hocks, 
good  legs,  long  elastic  pasterns,  with  sound  feet.  His  action  was 
superb,  and  when  in  motion  impressed  you  greatly  with  Ms 
strength  and  power. 

asteroid's    PERFORMANCES. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Thnrrday,  May  19th,  ISC^l— Sweepstakes  for  three-year-old  colts  and  fillies; 
$100  entrance,  C^O  forfeit ;  $300  added  (10  subscribers).  Value  of  stake  $1350.  Weight 
90  pounds.     E.  A.  Alexander's    b.  c.  Asteroid,  by  Lexington,  dam  Nebula   by  Imp. 

Glencoe 11 

T.  Ward's  b.  c.  Tipperary,  by  Ringgold,  dam  Rosana,  by  Imp.  Chesterfield  .       .       .       .3    2 
Reber  &  Kiertz'  b.  c.  Scotland,  by  Imp.  Bonnie  Scotland,  dam  by  Imp.  Monarch         .       2    3 

Time  1471—1-16-1. 

t 

Asteroid  the  favorite  two  to  one  over  the  others.  First  heat 
won  by  two  lengths,  the  second  by  a  head.  He  was  laboring 
under  bucked  shins. 

Lexington,  Ky.,  Monday,  Sept.  20th,  18C4— Sweepstakes  for  three-year-old  colts  and  fillies, 
$100  entrance,  $30  forfeit;  the  Club  to  add  $200— mile  heats— value  of  stake  $600. 

R.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Asteroid,  pedigree  above 11 

J.  Harper's  gr.  c.  Loadstone,  by  Lexington,  out  of  Blue  Bonnet 8    2 

J.  Ford's  br.  c.  Grant,  by  Lexington,  dam  by  Imp.  Glencoe 2.   3 

Time  147£-147|. 


362  THE    HOKSE. 

Asteroid  favorite  against  the  pair.     Both  heats  won  easily. 

Same  Meeting,  Friday,  Sept.  30tli,  18C4— Sweepstakes  for  three-year-old  colts  and  fillies,  two 
mile  heats,  value  of  stake  $000. 

E.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Asteroid 11 

J.  Harper's  b.  f.  Easter  by  Endorser,  dame  Helen  Swigert 2    2 

Time,  406— 406-^    Track  muddy. 

Asteroid  favorite  three  to  one.     Won  easily. 

Louisville,  Ky.,  Oct.  10th,  1864— A  sveeepstakes  for  three-year-old  colts  and  Allies,  mile  heats 
$100  each,  half  forfeit;  the  Association  added  $750  (7  subscribers).    Value  of  stakes  $1250. 

E.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Asteroid 11 

J.  M.  Clay's  ch.  f.  Georgia  Woods,  by  Imp.  Knight  of  St.  George,  dam  Margaret  Woods, 

by  Imp.  Priam 2    2 

J.  W.  Ford's  br.  c.  Grant,  pedigree  above 3    3 

Time,  1481—1501. 

Same  Meeting,  Oct.  14th,  18G4— A  sweepstakes  for  three-year-olds,  two  mile  heats,  $200  each ; 

half  forfeit,  and  the  Association  added  $1000  (6  subscribers).    Value  of  stake  $1700. 
E.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Asteroid— walked  over. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  May  9th,  1865 — A  sweepstakes  for  four-year-olds,  mile  heats,  three  in  five,  $500 
entrance,  $250  forfeit ;  $1000  added  (5  subscribers).    Value  of  stake  $3000. 

E.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Asteroid,  4  years  old 2111 

C.  C.  Fife's  b.  c.  Young  Bonnie  Scotland,  by  Imp.  Bonnie  Scotland,  dam  Young 

Fashion,  by  Imp.  Monarch ,..1232 

H.  Taylor's  b.  f.  Prairie  Bird,  by  Imp.  Sovereign,  dam  by  Boston         .       .        .       3    3    2    3 
Time,  150i—148i— 150^-1495. 

Asteroid  the  favorite,  second,  third,  and  fourth  heats  won, 
each  by  from  two  to  three  lengths. 

Louisville,  Ky.,  June  0th,  1805 — Jockey  Club  Purse  $600,  two  mile  heats,  for  all  ages. 

E.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Asteroid,  4  years 11 

J.  Harper's  gr.  c.  Loadstone,  4  years 2    2 

TIME. 

First  heat.       Second  heat. 

First  mile 149  1-14 

Second  mile ,        .        147^  154 

33G1  338 

The  best  description  of  this  race,  and  indeed  about  the  only 
one  extant,  we  take  from  the  "  Spirit  of  the  Times,"  contributed 
by  a  correspondent  under  the  signature  of  "  Sport."  The  reporter 
for  the  Louisville  Journal  states  that  the  first  heat  was  run  in 
SSSA,  and  so  made  by  a  great  many  watches. 

On  the  second  day  we  had  the  best  two-mile  race,  take  it  for 
all  in  all,  that  ever  was  run  in  the  country.  The  horses  were 
both  four-year-old  colts  by  Lexington,  one  being  Asteroid  out 
of  ISTebula,  by  Lnp.  Glencoe,  and  the  other  the  gray  colt 
Loadstone,    out   of  Blue  Bonnet,  by  Imp.    Hedgeford.      Mr. 


astekoid's  pekfokmances.  303 

Alexander  bred  tliem  botli  and  sold  the  latter,  wlien  a 
yearling,  to  John  Harper."  Asteroid  was  the  favorite  at 
100  to  40.  He  looked  to  me  a  little  high  in  flesh,  but  Mr. 
Alexander  and  old  Ansel  were  well  satisfied  with  him  and  con- 
fident of  winning.  The  gray  colt  was  brought  out  last  year  and 
showed  fine  speed,  but  did  nothuig  equal  to  the  reputation  of  the 
famous  family  to  which  he  belongs.  He  has  much  improved, 
and  is,  I  think,  likely  to  train  on  and  improve  more  yet.  There 
was  great  interest  manifested  in  the  colts,  and  many  predictions 
were  made  as  to  time.  IlTobody,  however,  put  it  as  low  as  the 
horses  ran.  They  are  close  relations,  for  Asteroid's  dam,  Ne- 
bula, was  by  Glencoe  out  of  Blue  Bonnet,  Loadstone's  dam. 

First  Heat. — Asteroid  made  the  running  at  a  good  pace,  the 
gray  keeping  well  up.  The  first  half  mile  was  55s.  They  then 
bettered  the  pace  a  little,  and  the  mile  was  run  in  Im.  49s.,  the 
gray  being  close  to  Asteroid  as  they  passed  the  stand.  The  gray 
now  made  an  eflort  for  the  lead,  and  at  the  turn  had  the  best  of 
it  by  a  neck,  which  was  no  sooner  perceived  than  a  thundering 
shout  was  raised  by  his  friends  and  the  takers  of  the  odds.  But 
Asteroid  now  put  on  steam,  and  for  above  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
they  ran  neck  and  neck.  The  sight  was  very  beautiful.  In 
power  and  grace  of  action  they  are  both  superb,  and  they  were 
doing  about  their  best,  no  doubt.  They  ran  together,  literally 
head  and  head,  past  the  half-mile  and  down  behind  the  grove. 
The  interest  was  intense  while  they  were  lost  to  sight,  for  it  was 
felt  that  one  viiist  have  some  advantage  by  the  time  they  opened 
out  again.  When  they  appeared  in  sight.  Asteroid  was  in  the 
lead,  but  the  gray  at  his  girths.  Loadstone's  rider  now  gathered 
him  together  for  a  rush  on  the  homestretch.  The  colt  made  a 
gallant  effort,  but  Asteroid  was  too  stout  and  speedy  to  be  col- 
lared. He  won  it  in  3m.  SGjs.,  the  second  mile  being  run  in  Im, 
471  s. 

Second  Heat. —  It  was  a  hundred  to  twenty  on  Asteroid,  but 
this  was  taken  freely.  The  friends  of  the  gray  had  lost  but  little 
of  heart  or  hope,  for  he  had  proved  himself  a  race-horse  all 
over,  though  beaten  in  the  heat.      At  the  start  the  gray  colt 

*  Mr.  Alexander  did  not  breed  either  of  them.  They  were  purchased  hy  him,  when 
yearlings. 


36-i  THE    HOKSE. 

made  the  running  at  great  speed  in  a  desperate  effort  to  get  a 
strong  lead  or  cut  down  Asteroid.  He  was  lialf  a  length  ahead 
of  the  latter  for  the  first  half-mile,  but  then  Asteroid  gained  inch 
hj  inch,  both  being  thoroughly  extended  and  running  very  fast. 
They  were  close  lapped  all  the  way  round,  and  at  the  distance 
stand  on  the  stretch  Loadstone  still  had  a  short  head  the  best  of 
it.  At  the  string'j  however,  the  bay  colt's  nose  was  in  front,  and 
the  mile  was  Im.  •^s.  Asteroid  now  took  a  clear  lead,  and  won 
the  heat  without  any  apparent  trouble,  in  3m.  38s.,  the  second 
mile  being  Im.  54:S.  Some  placed  Loadstone  first  by  a  short 
head  when  they  crossed  the  string  at  the  end  of  the  first  mile, 
but  I  was  in  a  good  position  to  see,  observed  them  carefully  as 
they  ran  by,  and  am  satisfied  that  Asteroid  was  then  half  a  head 
in  the  lead.  When  they  came  in  Loadstone  was  tired.  Asteroid 
did  not  appear  to  be  at  all  distressed,  and  in  my  opinion  could 
have  run  the  last  mile  of  the  heat  three  seconds  faster,  without 
being  much  driven.  He  had  no  "  persuasion "  in  either  heat, 
except  that  of  seeing  a  competitor  run  by  his  side  nearly  all  the 
way. 

Same  Meeting,  June  10th,  1865 — Jockey  Club  Purse  gSOO  for  all  ages,  three  mile  heats. 

R.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Asteroid,  4  years 1 

J.  Harper's  g.  c.  Loadstone,  4  years dis. 

Dr.  Weldon's  b.  c.  Dr.  Lindsay,  4  years  old  by  Lexington,  dam  by  Imp.  Glencoe         .        dis. 

,153 
Time,   ■]  153      =    5:49' 

<  203i- 

Cincinnati,  O.,  June  21st,  1865 — Horseman's  Purse  $000,  two  mile  heats,  free  for  aU  ages. 

E.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Asteroid,  4  years .11 

J.  W.  Weldon's  ch.  g.  Red  Oak,  by  Second  Altorf,  dam  by  Job  aged      ....        2  dis. 

TtSIE. 

First  mile 150       148  J 

Second  mUe 150       1511 

340       340-1- 

Asteroid  the  favorite  $1000  to  $100.     Won  with  great  ease. 

Same  Meeting,  June  23d,  1865 -Purse  $1000,  three  mile  heats,  for  all  ages. 
R.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Asteroid,  4  years— walked  over. 

About  this  time  great  anxiety  existed  to  see  Kentucky  and 
Asteroid  meet,  and  with  that  view  the  following  challenge  was 
issued  July  8th,  1865 : 


ASTEROID    AND    KENTUCKY.  365 

Challenge  for  $25,000  a  side  !   at  Two  or  Three  Mile  Heats, 
$5000  allowed  the  jyarty  accepting  to  defray  expenses. 

As  nearly  all  the  prominent  liorses  are  engaged  at  Saratoga, 
I  propose  the  following  offer  to  them : 

I  will  run  Kentucky  two  or  three  mile  heats,  over  the  Sara- 
toga Course,  on  any  day  between  the  first  and  sixth  of  August 
next  that  the  accepting  party  may  designate,  for  from  $10,000 
to  $25,000  a  side,  half  forfeit,  to  be  deposited  in  the  United 
States  Life  and  Trust  Company,  in  the  City  of  ]^ew  York,  at 
the  time  of  acceptance,  and  the  day  of  running  to  be  then 
named ;  and  I  will  give  the  party  accepting  this  offer  20  per 
cent,  of  the  money  they  put  up  to  defray  their  expenses,  should 
Keutucky  win. 

John  Hunter, 

Care  of  W.  R.  Tr avers  &  Co., 

19  William  Street,  K  Y. 

On  the  5th  of  August,  1865,  the  following  reply  appeared  in 
the  "Turf,  Field,  and  Farm." 

THE   ASTEROID    AND   KENTUCKY    CONTROVERSY. 

In  our  first  number,  Aug.  5th,  we  published  a  letter  received 
by  us  from  Mr.  Alexander,  worded  as  follows : 

SPKma  Station,  Woodford  Co.,  Ky.,  July  27,  1865. 

John  Hunter,  Esq. — Dear  Sir :  I  have  seen  your  proposi- 
tion to  run  Kentucky  against  all  horses  engaged  at  Saratoga,  for 
from  $10,000  to  $25,000  a  side,  half-forfeit,  etc. 

I  have  always  been  opposed  to  making  or  encouraging  lig 
matches,  for  various  reasons.  In  the  first  place,  it  partakes  more 
of  gambling  than  I  like ;  in  the  second  place,  it  not  unfrequently 
creates  no  little  ill  feeling  between  the  parties  engaged,  and  as 
men  are  more  often  carried  away  by  their  sympathies  for  one  or 
other  of  the  horses,  in  match  races  than  in  others,  more  money 
is  usually  won  and  lost,  and  often  to  an  injurious  extent.  These 
are  some  of  my  reasons  for  disliking  to  engage  in  any  heavy 
match  ;  but  as  your  proposition  has  been  considered  by  many  as 


366  THE    HORSE. 

a  direct  challenge  to  run  Kentucky  against  Asteroid,  and  my 
engagements  having  been  sucli  as  to  have  determined  me,  ere 
your  challenge  appeared,  not  to  take  my  horse  to  Saratoga : 

I  l)eg  to  say  that  I  will  run  Asteroid  against  Kentucky,  two 
races,  for  ten  thousand  dollars  ($10,000)  a  side,  each  race,  half 
forfeit,  one  to  be  three-mile  heats,  the  other  to  bo  four-mile 
heats ;  the  first  to  be  run  at  Cincinnati,  over  the  course  there, 
the  last  over  the  Louisville  course ;  each  race  to  come  off  on 
the  Saturday  previous  to  the  regular  Autumn  meetings  at  these 
points. 

Should  the  two  races  be  run,  I  will  give  you  a  sum  equivalent 
to  twenty  (20)  per  cent,  of  the  money  you  put  up,  whether  you 
win  or  lose,  to  cover  expenses,  risk,  etc.,  in  bringing  your  horse 
so  far  from  home.  If  only  one  race  is  run,  the  20  per  cent,  will 
be  allowed  only  on  the  amount  you  put  up  in  that  race. 

As  some  of  our  friends  have  ascertained  that  traveling  is  no 
disadvantage  to  a  race-horse,  I  hope  you  will  come  west  and  let 
Kentucky  snuff  his  native  air  once  more ;  I  think  our  tracks  are 
as  good  as  those  in  the  east,  and  a  horse  owned  east  of  the 
Alleghanies  will  be  as  great  a  curiosity  on  a  course  in  this  sec- 
tion of  country  as  one  of  my  entries  would  be  were  he  to  appear 
to  run  for  the  Jersey  Derby,  St.  Leger  or  Saratoga  Cup.  How- 
ever, war  being  over,  we  may  be  able  to  support  one  another 
better ;  and  I  now  tell  you  that  I  not  only  hope  to  beat  Ken- 
tucky, should  he  come  west,  but  hope  also  to  win  more  than  one 
Derby  and  St.  Leger  with  colts  not  only  entered  in  my  name, 
but  run  as  my  property,  unless  indeed  I  shall  be  ruled  out  for 
non-appearance  within  a  certain  time,  of  which  in  strict  justice  I 
should  have  due  notice. 

I  am  yours,  very  truly, 

R.  AiTCHisoN  Alexander. 

P.  S. — As  yon  will  have  due  time  to  think  the  match  over  by 
Monday,  August  7, 1  may  here  say  that  I  expect  this  proposition 
to  be  accepted  or  rejected  at  latest  by  that  time. 

Yours,  etc., 

R.  A.  A. 


ASTEROID    AND   KENTUCKY.  367 

Mr.  Hunter  replied  to  the  proposition  as  follows : 

Saratoga,  jST.  Y.,  August  4,  1865. 

R.  AiTCHisoN  Alexander,  Esq. — Dear  Sir :  I  have  received 
your  letter,  post-marked  Louisville,  and  bearing  date  27th  July, 
proposing  to  run  Asteroid  against  Kentucky  at  Cincinnati  and  at 
Louisville,  this  fall,  two  races,  for  ten  thousand  dollars  a  side, 
each  race  at  three  and  four  mile  heats,  and  I  beg  to  say  that, 
inasmuch  as  your  letter  limits  my  consideration  of  the  matter  to 
the  7tli  inst.,  I  must  respectfully  decline  to  make  any  acceptance 
or  rejection  of  the  same,  within  the  time  allowed.  If,  however, 
after  the  engagements  of  the  impending  Saratoga  meeting  are 
over,  Kentucky  shall  be  in  such  condition  as  will  warrant  further 
engagements  on  his  part  for  the  approaching  fall,  I  will  make 
another  proposition  for  a  meeting  between  him  and  Asteroid, 
which,  I  trust,  will  prove  acceptable, 

Yery  truly  yours, 

John  Hunter. 

On  the  22d  of  August,  Col.  S.  D.  Bruce  received  the  follow- 
ing dispatch : 

LExrKGTON,  Ky.,  Aug.  21,  1865. 

CoL.  S.  D.  Eruce,  ISTo.  G2  Liberty  Street,  New  York : 

I  authorize  you  to  match  Asteroid  against  Kentucky,  two 
races  for  ten  thousand  dollars  a  side,  each  race  half  forfeit ;  first 
race,  three  miles  and  repeat,  at  Cincinnati,  25th  of  September, 
second  race,  four  miles  and  repeat,  next  August,  at  Saratoga. 
Proprietors  of  Cincinnati  track  give  fifty  per  cent,  of  net  receipts 
to  winner.     See  Travers  &  Osgood. 

(Signed)  R.  A.  Alexander. 

A  copy  of  this  dispatch  Avas  forwarded  to  Mr.  Travers  who 
was  at  Newport,  to  which  Col.  Bruce  received  the  following 
note : 

Newport,  Aug.  23,  1865. 
Dear  Sir : — I  have  this  morning  received  your  dispatch  in- 
forming me  of  Mr.  Alexander's  proposal.     I  have  forwarded  it 
to  Mr.  Hunter,  and  on  hearing  from  him,  will  commimicate  with 
you  again. 

Respectfully  yours, 
Col.  S.  D.  Bruce.  W.  R.  Travers. 


368  THE    nOKSE. 

Mr.  Hunter  called  upon  Col.  Bruce  a  short  time  after  tlie  re- 
ception of  Mr.  Travers'  note,  and  stated  tliat  lie  would  accept 
Mr.  Alexander's  challenge  of  the  21st,  provided  that  he  (Mr.  A.) 
would  appoint  the  18th  of  October  for  the  day  of  meeting  at 
Cincinnati,  instead  of  the  25th  of  September.  Col.  Bruce  rej)licd 
that  he  had  no  authority  to  make  the  change,  but  would  tele- 
graph to  Mr.  Alexander  and  learn  his  opinion  in  regard  to  it. 
Mr.  Hunter  then  made  the  following  proposition : 

To  Col.  S.  D.  Beuce. — Dear  Sir:  I  have  received  Mr. 
Alexander's  proposition,  sent  by  you  to  Mr.  Travers,  and  will 
state,  in  reply,  that  I  will  accept  the  proposition  dated  Lexing- 
ton, August  21st,  1865,  to  run  Kentucky  against  Asteroid  two 
races ;  the  first,  of  three  mile  heats,  to  be  run  at  Saratoga,  next 
summer,  provided  the  first  race  to  be  run  on  the  ISth  of  October, 
instead  of  September  25th.  This  proposal  is  to  be  accepted  by 
Saturday  noon. 

Truly  yours, 
Kew  Toek,  August  24.  John  Huntee. 

The  proposition  was  telegraphed  Mr.  Alexander  without 
delay.  On  Saturday  Col.  Bruce  received  a  dispatch  from  Mr. 
Alexander  declining  the  modification  of  his  proposition  of  the 
21st,  and  authorizing  (Col.  B.)  to  present  one  dated  the  23d. 

New  York,  August  26, 1865. 
To  John  Huntee,  Esq. 

Dea7'  Sir :  Your  modification  of  the  proposition  dated  Lex- 
ington, August  21st,  and  signed  R.  A.  Alexander,  proposing  to 
match  Asteroid  against  Kentucky,  is  not  accepted  by  Mr. 
Alexander.  As  the  first  proposition  is  declined,  I  am  now 
authorized  to  present  the  following : 

Lexington,  Ky.,  August  23,  1845. 
To  Col.  S.  D.  Beuce,  62  Liberty  Street,  ]S"ew  York : 

I  authorize  you  to  match  my  horse  Asteroid,  two  races,  one 
of  three  mile  heats,  the  other  four  mile  heats,  for  ten  thousand 
dollars  a  side ;  each  race  play  or  pay ;  the  first  race  of  three  mile 
heats  to  come  ofiT  this  autumn  over  any  course  in  Kentucky  to 
be  named  by  the  owners  of  Kentucky,  they  giving  me  thirty 


ASTEROID    AKD    KENTUCKY,  369 

days'  notice  as  to  when  and  where  the  race  is  to  be  run ;  the 
second  race  four  mile  heats  to  be  run  next  year  over  any  course 
in  the  State  of  IS'ew  York  to  be  chosen  by  mo  with  same  notice. 
The  races  at  Lexington  begin  on  the  9th  of  October — at  Louis- 
ville on  the  23d  of  October ;  each  course  will  give  five  thousand 
dollars  to  the  winner.     I  v/arrant  New  York  Course  will  do  the 

same. 

(Signed)  R.  A.  Alexander. 

I  am  further  authorized  to  state  that  the  above  proposition 
must  be  accepted  not  later  than  the  evening  of  August  29th. 

S.  D.  Bruce. 

This  closed  the  correspondence,  Mr.  Hunter  declining  to 
entertain  the  last  proposition. 

Cincinnati,  O.,  Sept.  30,  18G5— Jockey  Pui-se  $1000;  dash  of  four  miles. 

E.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Asteroid,  4  years  old  1 

Welden  &  Austen's  b.  h.  Leatherlungs,  5  years  old,  by  Lexington,  dam  by  Imp.  Glencoe        2 
Track  deep  in  mud,  won  in  a  canter. 

Tune,  8:23. 

At  the  Lexington  Fall  Meeting  Mr.  Alexander  kindly  an- 
nounced that  Asteroid  would  not  run  during  the  meeting,  as  his 
entrance  would  destroy  sport. 

Louisville,  Ky.,  Oct.  24th,  1835— Jockey  Club  Purse  $400,  two  mile  heats,  for  all  ages. 
E.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Asteroid,  4  years — walked  over. 

Asteroid  met  with  an  accident  in  the  spring  of  1866,  which 
prevented  him  from  starting  in  the  races  during  that  spring. 
Jerome  Park  was  inaugurated  the  fall  of  1866,  and  a  grand  stake 
called  the  Inauguration  Stake,  four  mile  heats,  was  gotten  up 
and  closed  with  twenty-nine  nominations.  Asteroid,  Kentucky, 
Fleetwing,  and  all  the  noted  horses  were  entered.  Asteroid  came 
on  to  New  York  to  run  in  this  great  Inauguration  Stake,  but 
broke  down  just  on  the  eve  of  the  event.  The  following  beautiful 
notice  of  the  accident  appeared  in  the  "  Turf,  Field,  and  Farm" 
of  September  29th,  1866: 

"A  bright  star  has  faded  from  the  racing  firmament.  Asteroid 
has  run  his  last  race,  and  now  must  retire  from  the  field  where 
bright  laurels  are  won.  The  pride  of  the  West  has  broken 
down,  and  never  more  will  he  carry  the  colors  of  Mr,  Alexander 
to  a  glorious  triumph.  On  the  eve  of  the  greatest  turf  event  of 
Vol.  I.— 24 


370 


THE    IIOESE. 


modern  times,  by  a  severe  accident  be  is  deprived  of  tbe  power 
of  motion,  and  witbout  a  struggle  must  yield  tbe  j)alm  of  victory 
to  bis  illustrious  rivals.  In  bis  strengtb  and  pride,  witb  tbe 
future  looming  grandly  before  bim,  be  is  cut  down  in  a  moment, 
like  tbe  flowers  by  a  sudden  frost,  and  witb  drooping  crest  must 
pass  sadly  from  tbe  gaze  of  admiring  eyes  to  wbere  tbe  clouds 
bang  beaviest  and  darkest.  His  star  bas  set,  and  tbe  otber  orbs 
glow  less  brigbtly  in  tbe  sky,  for  witb  the  radiant  ligbt  of  beaven 
faded  a  world  of  splendor.  He  journeyed  more  tban  a  thousand 
miles  to  meet  bis  great  rivals  and  put  fortb  a  noble  effort — make 
a  migbty  struggle  for  tbe  cbampionsbip  of  tbe  American  turf, 
and  the  ink  is  scarcely  dry  that  recorded  his  arrival  at  Jerome 
Park,  before  tbe  pen  must  perform  tbe  sad  duty  of  reporting  him 
unable  to  appear  in  tbe  great  Inauguration  race.  He  was  in 
perfect  health  a  few  days  ago,  and  was  one  of  tbe  finest  pictures 
of  a  magnificent  race-horse  that  mortal  eyes  ever  gazed  upon, 
and  now  be  is  but  a  wreck  of  bis  former  self.  On  Saturday  be 
showed  signs  of  lameness,  and  early  on  Sunday  morning,  be  was 
pulled  up  from  a  short  brush  witb  the  power  of  one  limb  destroyed. 
He  sprung  the  tendon  of  the  right  fore-leg  so  severely  that  be 
will  never  be  able  to  stand  the  preparation  for  another  race.  On 
Thursday  last  they  run  him  a  trial  in  the  mud,  galloped  bim 
again-  in  the  mud  on  Friday,  and  it  is  thought  that  tbe  sprain, 
which  was  so  fully  developed  on  Sunday,  originated  in  one  of 
these  trials  on  tbe  heavy  track.  Tbe  horse  was  in  splendid  con- 
dition, and  his  trial  run  was  so  satisfactory  that  Mr.  Alexander 
was  inspired  witb  the  greatest  confidence.  Had  no  accident  oc- 
curred, be  claims  that  tbe  winner  of  tbe  Inauguration  race  would 
have  bad  to  have  beaten  Lexington's  famous  four-mile  time  by 
several  seconds.  On  Sunday  morning,  Ford,  who  was  riding 
him,  Avhen  he  pulled  bim  up  and  found  bow^  severe  was  the 
accident,  dropped  tbe  reins  upon  the  neck  of  the  high-spirited 
horse,  and  burst  into  tears.  Marius,  we  are  told,  wept  over  the 
ruins  of  Carthage,  and  the  poet  has  commemorated  tbe  act  in 
melodious  verse.  Manly,  then,  were  tbe  tears  that  fell  uj:on 
the  mane  of  tbe  great  Asteroid,  for  eyes  never  wept — not  even 
those  of  Marius— over  a  grander  fall — a  more  magnificent  wreck. 
All  of  our  glorious  anticipations,  on  the  eve  of  their  being  real- 


ASTEROID   AND    KENTUCKY,  371 

ized,  have  been  destroyed.  For  more  tlian  a  year  the  East  has 
waited  to  welcome  Asteroid  to  the  theatre  of  Kentucky's 
triumphs,  and  ere  the  Vv-elcome  is  complete,  they  bid  him  farewell 
as  he  sadly  retm'ns  to  the  West,  not  with  gorgeous  plumage  gayly 
flaunting  in  the  wind  and  wearing  the  badge  of  victory,  but  with 
drooping  head  and  banner  trailing  in  the  dust.  He  leaves  us, 
not  like  Wellington  returning  from  Waterloo,  but  like  Boabdil, 
the  proud  Moorish  king,  yielding  up  his  possessions  to  the  vic- 
torious Spaniards,  and  retiring  from  the  regal  halls  of  his  ances- 
tors. He  goes  from  us  with  fallen  crest,  but  with  a  proud,  un- 
broken spirit.  He  has  won  his  last  victory  upon  the  race-course, 
and  henceforth  will  revel  in  the  delights  of  the  harem  and  win 
new  victories  there.  He  will  find  the  victories  of  peace  far 
sweeter  than  those  of  war,  yet,  with  sadness  we  record  his  retire- 
ment from  the  field  of  glorious  strife.  The  blood  of  Asteroid 
will  course  through  other  veins,  and  when  we  find  one  of  his 
scions  equaling  the  greatness  of  the  sire,  then,  like  a  wandering 
Pleiad,  we  will  hail  another  brilliant  star  to  reign  in  a  constella- 
tion as  bright  as  the  Milky  Way.  Farewell,  mighty  conqueror 
of  the  West,  prince  of  royal  blood,  and  son  of  a  noble  sire, 
though  you  cannot  wear  the  laurels  of  the  East,  your  brow  is 
crowned  with  a  wreath  of  deathless  fame ;  and  voices  that  would 
have  applauded  you  in  the  hour  of  victory,  still  applaud  thy 
game  spirit,  shout  "  Well  done,  hero,"  and  lips  falter  o'er  and 
o'er  again — farewell ! 

SUMMARY    ASTEEOId's    PERFORMANCES. 

1864,  started  five  times,  won  five. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  won  mile  stake  for  3-year-old8 $1950  00 

Lexington,  Ky.,  won  mile  stake  for  3-year-olds 600  00 

Lexington,  Ky.,  won  two  mile  stake  for  3-year-old8 ■     .  gQO  00 

Louisville,  Ky.,  won  mile  stake  for  3-year-olds 1250  00 

Louisville,  Ky.,  walked  over  two  mile  stake  for  3-year-old8 1700.00 

1865,  started  seven  times,  won  seven. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  won  sweepstake  for  4-year-olds,  mile  heats  3  in  5        ....  3000.00 

LouisviUe,  Ky.,  won  Jockey  Club  Purse,  two  mile  heats 600,00 

Louisville,  Ky.,  won  Jockey  Club  Purse,  three  mile  heats 800.00 

Cincinnati,  O.,  won  Horsemen's  Purse,  two  mile  heats 600.00 

Cincinnati,  O.,  walked  over  Purse,  three  mile  heats 1000.00 

Cincinnati,  O.,  won  Jockey  Club  Purse,  four  mile  dash 1000.00 

Louisville,  Ky.,  walked  over  Jockey  Club  Purse,  two  mile  heats        ....  400.00 

,  ^      ,  Total  winning       .        13800.00 

Started  twelve  times,  won  twelve,  three  of  them  walks. 


372  THE   HOKSE. 

It  will  be  seen  by  the  above  that  Asteroid  never  lost  a  race 
in  Lis  sliort  and  brilliant  career.  It  was  the  good  fortune  of  the 
writer  to  see  him  in  all  his  races  except  the  two  at  St.  Louis. 
In  no  race  that  we  saw  him  run,  could  any  one  form  an  estimate 
of  what  he  was  capable  of  doing ;  he  beat  all  his  horses  at  all 
distances  with  apparent  ease.  The  first  race  he  ran  at  St.  Louis ; 
he  was  suffering  with  bucked  shins  and  was  Avhipped  in  that 
race,  but  with  that  exception  he  was  never  struck  afterwards 
with  either  whip  or  spur.  During  the  pendency  of  the  cor- 
respondence between  Mr.  Hunter  and  Mr.  Alexander,  Asteroid 
was  taken  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  run  a  trial  of  four  miles  with 
104  lbs.  A  fresh  horse  was  started  against  him  each  mile,  and  he 
beat  them  all  and  made  the  four  miles  in  7:23|, 

The  family  from  which  Asteroid  comes,  has  been  one  of  the 
most  remarkable  in  the  history  of  the  American  turf.  His  dam, 
E^ebula,  was  never  trained,  nor  was  Luna  her  first  foal.  Sue 
Lewis  was  a  fine  mare  and  possessed  an  immense  turn  of  speed. 
Asterisk  was  a  fair  race-horse,  very  speedy  for  a  couple  of  miles. 
Aster  was  crippled  at  a  two-year-old  and  never  trained.  Aneroid 
won  some  five  or  six  races  this  last  spring  in  good  time. 

Blue  Bonnet,  the  "  Old  Blue  Hen,"  as  she  was  frequently 
called,  won  at  all  distances  from  one  to  four  miles.  She  is  better 
known  in  the  stud  as  the  dam  of  Little  Arthur  by  Imp.  Glencoe, 
and  the  four  brothers  Lightning,  Thunder,  Loadstone,  and  Lan- 
caster, the  latter  having  the  best  two-mile  race  on  record, 
335|— 338i. 

Grey  Fanny  produced  Grey  Medoc,  the  best  horse  of  his  day 
who  won  eighteen  races  out  of  twenty-two,  and  ran  four  miles 
in  7:35 ;  Kate  Aubrey,  by  A.  Eclipse,  was  a  fine  race-mare,  and 
is  the  dam  of  the  celebrated  Minnehaha.  This  family  in  all  its 
collateral  branches  back  to  Sally  Wright,  by  Yorick,  have  been 
fine  racers  and  the  producers  of  racers. 

As  to  Asteroid,  we  know  that  Mr.  Alexander  thought  he  was 
the  best  horse  he  ever  raised  or  trained,  and  held  him  in  much 
higlier  esteem  than  ITorfolk.  He  was  frequently  offered  high 
prices  for  Asteroid,  once  $30,000,  which  he  declined,  determin- 
ing not  to  sell  but  keep  him  as  a  stallion.  Asteroid  was  placed 
in  the  stud  in  18G7,  the  oldest  of  his  colts  are  two-year-olds  this 


ASTEKOID   AND   KENTUCKY.  373 

spring,  too  young  to  form  any  estimate  of  their  racing  qualities. 
The  vexed  question  of  superiority  between  Asteroid  and  Ken- 
tucky— Norfolk  having  gone  to  California — will  have  to  be  settled 
by  their  progeny;  and  we  have  no  doubt  that  both  will  be 
credited  with  sons  and  daughters  worthy  of  their  famous  sii'e. 


374  THE   HORSE. 


KEE^TUCKT. 

Kentucky,  bred  by  John  M,  Clay,  Esq.,  Ashland,  near  Lexing- ' 
ton,  Ky.,  was  by  Lexington.  1st  dam  Magnolia,  by  imported 
Glencoe ;  2d  dam  imported  Myrtle,  by  Mameluke ;  3d  dam 
Bobadilla,  by  Eobadil;  4th  dam  Pythoness,  by  Sorcerer;  5th 
dam  Princess,  by  Sir  Peter ;  6th  dam  by  Dungannon  ;  7th  dam 
by  Tnrf ;  8th  dam  by  Herod ;  9th  dam  Golden  Grove,  by  Blank ; 
10th  dam  Spinster,  by  Crofts' Partner;  11th  dam  Bay  Bloody 
Buttocks,  by  Bloody  Buttocks;  12th  dam  by  Greyhound;  13tli 
dam  by  Makeless ;  14th  dam  by  Brimmer;  15th  dam  by  Place's 
White  Turk:  IGth  dam  by  Dodsworth  ;  17th  dam  Layton  Barb 
Mare. 

For  Lexington's  pedigree  and  performances,  see  memoir, 
page  303. 

Magnolia,  the  dam  of  Kentucky,  a  chesnut  filly,  bred  by 
James  R.  Jackson,  Florence,  Ala.,  in  1841,  by  Imp.  Glencoe. 
She  was  presented  to  Hon.  Henry  Clay,  by  Dr.  W.  IST.  Mercer, 
in  1845.     Like  Nebula,  Magnolia  never  appeared  in  public. 

magi\olia's  peoduce. 

1847— b.  f.  Magic,  by  imported  Yorlishire. 

1848— missed  to  Boston. 

1849— ch.  f.  Madeline,  by  Boston. 

1850 — b.  f.  Madonna,  by  imported  Yorkshire. 

1851— cb.  c.  Charley  Ball,  by  Wagner. 

1852 — ch.  c.  Princeton,  by  imported  Yorkshire. 

1853 — ^missed  to  imported  Yorkshire. 

1854 — br.  c.  Charley  Morgan,  by  imported  Yorkshire. 

1855 — b.  c.  Hanover,  by  imported  Yorkshire. 

1856— br.  c.  Daniel  Boone,  by  Lexington. 

1857— missed  to  Wagner. 

1858— b.  c.  Simon  Kenton,  by  imported  Yorkshire. 

1859— b.  c,  by  Wagner  (died  a  foal). 

1860— ch.  f.  Skedaddle,  by  imported  Yorkshire. 

1861— b.  c.  Kentucky,  by  Lexington. 

1863— b.  c.  Gilroy,  by  Lexington. 

1863— missed. 

1864— ch.  c.  Victory,  by  Uncle  Vic. 


KENTUCKY. 


375 


She  died  in  1864  after  foaling  Yictory,  who  was  reared  by 
Land. 

For  performances  of  Imp.  Glencoe,  see  Asteroid's  memoir. 


DESCEIPTION    OF    KENTUCKY. 

Kentucky  is  a  rich  bay,  bred  by  John  M.  Clay,  Esq.,  Ash- 
land, near  Lexington,  Ky.,  foaled  in  1861,  now  the  property  of 
Angust  Belmont,  Esq.  He  stands  over  fifteen  and  a  half  hands 
high,  with  a  blaze  in  the  face  running  down  to  the  nostrils.  The 
off  fore-foot  is  white  half  way  to  the  knee,  with  some  little  white 
on  near  fore-foot,  before  and  behind.  He  has  a  beautiful  and 
expressive  head,  rather  short  strong  neck,  running  into  superb 
sloping  shoulders ;  an  immense  girth ;  a  short  back  and  tre- 
mendous quarters  and  stifles;  good  fore-legs,  clean  hocks,  and 
sound  feet  and  legs.  His  action  is  truly  beautiful  and  magnifi- 
cent ;  nothing  could  exceed  his  easy  and  graceful  stride. 

KENTUCKY'S    PEEFOKMANCES. 

Paterson,  N.  J.,  Oct.  Cth,  1863— Sweepstakes  for  two-year-olds;  §100  entrance,  $50  forfeit; 

one  mile  (9  subscribers).    Value  of  stake  $900. 
J.  M.  Clay's  b.  c.  Kentucky,  by  Lexington,  clam  Magnolia  by  Imp.  Glencoe        ...        1 

J.  Ackermau's  cli.  c.  Eagle,  by  Vandal,  dam  by  Imp.  Sovereign 2 

J.  S.  Watson's  b.  f.  Minnie  Minor,  by  Lexington,  dam  Julia  by  Imp.  Glencoe   ...       3 

1:492. 
Won  easy  by  three  lengths. 

Paterson,  N.  J.,  June  7th,  18(54— The  Jersey  Derby  sweepstakes,  $1000  for  three-year-olds; 
$50  entrance,  p.  or  p. ;  one  and  a  half  miles. 

R.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Norfolk,  by  Lexington,  out  of  Novice 1 

Z.  Ward's  b.  c.  Tipperary,  by  Ringgold,  dam  Roxana,  by  Imp.  Chesterfield        ...       2 

P.  C.  Ackerman's  ch.  c.  Eagle,  pedigree  above 3 

J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky , ■* 

Twelve  started. 

Time  2:40i. 

Paterson,  N.  J.,  June  9th,  1864— The  Sequel  Stakes  for  three-year  olds,  $100  each,  half  forfeit, 
and  $300  added.    Dash  of  two  miles.     Value  of  stake  $1200  (15  subscribers). 

John  Uunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky,  3  years  old 1 

F.  Morris'  b.  f.  by  Imp.  Eclipse,  dam  Esta,  by  Bolivar 2 

J.  S.  Watson's  ch.  f.  Relief,  by  Ringgold,  dam  Rescue,  by  Berthuue 3 

Won  by  three  lengths,  track  deep  in  mud. 

Time  4:02^. 

Saratoga  Springs,  Aug.  2d,  18&4— The  Travers  Stake  for  three-year-olds,  $50  each,  play  or  pay, 
and  $1000  added ;  a  mile  and  three-quarters.  Colts  100  lbs.,  fillies  97  lbs.  (30  subscribers). 
Value  of-stake  $2,500. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky 1 

Z.  Ward's  b.  c.  Tipperary 2 

F.  Morris'  gr.  c.  by  Imp.  Eclipse,  dam  by  Imp.  Glencoe 3 


376  THE  noKSE. 


J.  S.  Watson's  br.  f.  Patte,  by  Imp.  Eclipse,  out  of  Pasta 4 

J.  A.  Gunstead's  ch.  c.  Ringmaster,  by  Kinggold,  out  of  Minnie  Mansfield         ...       5 
Won  in  a  canter  by  tliree  lengths. 

Time  3:18J. 

Saratoga  Springs,  Aug.  5th,  1864— Sweepstakes  for  three-year-olds,  glCO  each,  half  forfeit, 
$500  added.  Dash  of  two  miles.  The  winner  of  the  Travers  Stakes  5  lbs.  extra.  (21  eub, 
scribers).    Value  of  stake  $1750. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky,  105  lbs,,  including  5  lbs.  extra 1 

Z.  Ward's  b.  c.  Tipperary  100  lbs 2 

W.  F.  Harper's  b.  c.  Orion,  by  Revenue,  out  of  Mirth 3 

F.  Morris'  gr.  c,  pedigree  above 4 

Won  by  three  lengths. 

Time  4:11J. 

Paterson,  N.  J.,  Sept.  13th,  1864— The  Jersey  St.  Leger— A  sweepstakes  for  three-year-clds, 
$50  each,  play  or  pay ;  $1000  added ;  two  miles  and  a  quarter ;   colts  100  lbs.,  fillies  97  lbs. 
(27  subscribers).     Value  of  stake  $2350. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky 1 

Mr.  Read's  ch.  c.  by  Lexington,  out  of  Lightsome 2 

Mr.  Morris'  b.  f.  by  Imp.  Eclipse,  out  of  Esta  by  Bolivar 3 

Mr.  Gimstead's  ch.  c.  by  Mahomet,  out  of  Prunella 4 

Dr.  Weldon's  b.  f.  Charlotte  F.,  by  Imp.  Scythian  5 

Won  by  a  length  and  a  half. 

Time  4:24J. 

Paterson,  N.  J.,  Sept.  15th,  1864- The  Sequel  Stakes  of  $50  each,  and  $300  added,  for  three- 
year-olds.  Two  mile  dash.  The  winner  of  the  Derby,  Travers  Stakes  or  St.  Leger  to 
carry  seven  pounds  extra  (13  subscribers).    Value  of  stake  $950. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky,  107  lbs.,  including  7  lbs.  extra 1 

Mr.  Reed's  ch.  c.  by  Lexington,  out  of  Lightsome,  103  lbs.,  3  lbs.  extra       ....       2 

Mr.  Wheatleys'  b.  f.  by  Imp.  Knight  of  St.  George,  out  of  Levity 3 

Won  easily. 

Time  3:50. 

Paterson,  N.  J.,  Sept.  17th,  1864— A  Match  for  $5000,  with  $730  added  by  the  Association ;  two 

mile  heats. 
J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky,  three-year-old,  90  lbs.,  George  Carson  ....        1    1 

J.  S.  Watson's  ch.  g.  Aldebaran,  four-year-old,  by  Commodore,  dam  Nannie  Lewis, 

by  Imp.  Glencoe,  104  lbs. — W.  Bourgoyne 2    2 

TIME. 

First  heat 1:53       1:49 

Second  heat 1:49       1:51J 

3:47       3:40i 

First  Heat. — Kentucky  had  tlie  inside  and  made  running, 
but  at  a  slow  pace.  It  had  been  thought  Aldebaran  would  have 
forced  the  pace,  but  he  was  stiit'  and  a  little  lame  in  the  near 
hind  leg.  The  first  mile  was  run  in  1:58,  the  bay  horse  a  length 
ahead  all  the  way.  As  they  came  by  the  stand  they  were  only 
on  a  strong  gallop,  and  going  round  the  turn  they  came  to  an 
easy  canter.  Both  seemed  to  have  waiting  orders.  Just  before 
they  reached  the  quarter,  Aldebaran  being  now  at  Kentucky's 


KENTUCKY.  377 

girtlis  they  set  tlieir  liorses  going  in  earnest.  At  the  half-niilo 
pole  they  were  nose  and  tail,  Kentucky  in  the  lead.  On  the 
turn  Billy  Burgoyne  made  a  tine  rush,  and  there  was  little  more 
than  the  difference  of  a  head  between  them.  Some  cried  out 
that  Aldebaran  was  first,  but  Kentucky  was  never  headed.  The 
effort  up  the  stretch  was  good,  but  the  young  one  had  the  best 
of  it  all  the  way,  and  won  by  a  length.  Billy  punished  Alde- 
baran with  vigor,  but  he  could  not  collar  Kentucky.  The  last 
mile  was  run  in  1:49,  and  the  last  three  quarters  must  have  been 
hot.     The  heat  3:47. 

Second  Heat. — 100  to  30  on  the  three-year-old  and  few  takers. 
Kentucky  took  the  lead  and  Aldebaran  kept  him  busy.  The  first 
mile  was  run  in  1:49,  and  Aldebaran's  nose  w^as  at  Kentucky's 
girths.  As  soon  as  they  were  over  the  score  Billy  made  a  rush 
for  the  lead  and  pole,  but  Carson  Avas  on  the  alert,  and,  in  a 
spirited  brush,  Kentucky  had  clearly  the  best  of  it.  Alonp-  the 
backstretch  Aldebaran  was  at  Kentucky's  hip,  and  on  the  turn 
got  to  his  shoulder.  But  the  young  one  was  full  of  running  and 
won  it  handily  in  3:401.  This  was  a  very  fine  heat.  The  track 
was  heavy  in  many  places,  though  getting  better  every  minute 
under  the  warm  sun. 

In  the  last  struggle  up  the  stretch  Aldebaran  swerved  wide 
towards  the  outside  when  he  felt  the  whip  lapping  round  him. 
while  Kentucky  came  away  and  won  it  at  last  Avith  his  ea,rs 
pricked.  It  is  our  impression  that  he  v/as  never  at  his  best  ex- 
cept a  few  strides  at  a  time.  Aldebaran  would  get  to  him  and 
tackle  him  resolutely,  but  the  big  horse  alwaj-s  seemed  able  to 
get  away  from  him  without  much  trouble. — Spirit  of  the  Times, 
Sept.  24th,  18G4. 

Paterson,  N.  J.,  June  Gtli,  1865— Purse  $600,  for  all  ages,  two  mile  heats. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky,  4-year8-oId,  104  lbs. 11 

J.  S.  Watson's  b.  h.  Capt.  Moore,  5-years-old,  by  Imp.  Ealrownie,  dam  Jennie  Eose,  by 

Imp.  Glencoe o    g 

The  first  heat  won  by  three  lengths,  the  second  heat  by  a  neck. 

Time,  3:C1— 4:02-^ 

Paterson,  N. .].,  June  9th,  18G3— Purse  $1000,  for  all  ages ;  three  mUe  heats. 

J.  Hunters  b.  c.  Kentucky,  4-years-old,  104  lbs 11 

P.  C.  Bush's  ch.  h.  Fleetwing,  5-years-old,  by  Imp.  Balrovvnie,  dam  Ehoda,  by  Imp. 

Glencoe,  104  lbs 33 

J.  S.  Watson's  ch.  h.  Aldebaran,  5-years-old,  by  Commodore,  dam  Nannie  Lewis,  by 

Imp.  Glencoe,  114  lbs 2di8.. 


378 


THE   nORSE. 

TIME. 

Mrst  heat. 

Second  heat. 

First  mile 

2:08 

1:43 

Second  mile     . 

2:01 

1:51-J 

Third  mile 

1:50 

1:54J- 

5:59 

5:34 

We  take  a  description  of  tlie  race  from  tlie  "  Spirit  of  tlie 
Times,"  June  ITth,  18G5: 

Tlie  tliircl  race  was  for  a  purse  of  81000,  tliree-iinle  heats. 
Three  Avere  entered,  Kentucky,  Fleetwing  and  Aldebaran ;  and 
100  to  80  was  hiid  on  Mr.  Travers'  colt  against  the  other  two. 
Before  the  start,  the  odds  on  him  had  grown  larger,  and  two  to 
one  was  laid.  His  well-known  superiority  and  the  advantage  a 
four-year-old  has  over  all  other  ages  in  the  weight,  justified  the 
confidence  of  his  backers.  "\Ve  once  made  an  effort  to  correct 
the  scale  in  this  regard,  but  Mr.  Watson  and  Colonel  Bush, 
owners  of  Captain  Moore,  Aldebaran  and  Fleetwing,  who  were 
then  four  years  old,  cried  out  lustily  against  the  proposed  innova- 
tion.  "Yery  well,  gentlemen,"  said  we,  "your  colts  will  be 
five,  six,  and  aged,  before  they  are  four  again,  and  then  you  will 
find  out  how  a  good  four-year-old,  with  only  104  lbs.  up,  can  run 
away  from  you  !  " 

First  Heat. — Kentucky  took  the  lead  at  a  slow  pace,  and 
neither  of  the  others  forcing  it,  the  first  mile  was  2:08,  and  the 
second  2:01.  On  the  third  mile  Aldebaran  made  a  little  efiort 
against  Kentucky  on  the  backstretch,  but  never  got  to  his  girths. 
On  the  lower  turn  both  the  five-year-olds  tried  to  get  the  lead, 
but  Kentucky  easily  stalled  them  off  and  won  by  three  lengths, 
without  having  been  well  extended,  in  5:59. 

Second  Heat. — Four  to  one  on  Kentucky.  He  went  away 
and  took  a  lead  of  a  length  round  the  turn,  Aldebaran  forcing 
the  pace.  On  the  backstretch  it  was  hot,  but  the  bay  held  the 
chestnut  a  length  off  all  the  way.  They  kept  it  up  round  the 
turn  and  up  the  stretch  to  the  stand,  where  Kentucky  was  a 
length  and  a  half  ahead  in  1:48,  Fleetwing  two  lengths  from 
Aldebaran.  At  the  half-mile  pole  Fleetwing  went  up  to  the  side 
of  Aldebaran ;  but  Kentucky  never  permitted  them  to  get  as 
near  to  his  head  as  they  were  to  his  tail.  The  second  mile  vras 
run  in  1:51 1,  and  Kentucky  had  two  lengths  the  best  of  it  at  the 


KENTUCKY.  379 

post.  Aldebaran  had  now  had  ahuost  enough  of  it,  but  the 
thoroughly  game  son  of  Bah'ownie,  Fleetwiug,  fought  the  battle 
out  to  the  last  stride.  Time  after  time  he  made  desperate 
struggles  to  collar  the  spanking  bay  colt,  but  all  Abe's  skill  and 
Fleetwing's  bottom  were  unequal  to  the  achievement.  The  third 
mile  was  1:54,  and  Kentucky  won  easily  by  three  lengths  in 
5:34.  It  has  been  said  that  this  is  the  best  time  ever  made  in  the 
JS^orth,  but  that  is  a  mistake.  The  JN^orth,  in  a  racing  point  of 
view,  is  wherever  the  northern  rule  of  dating  age  from  January 
1st,  in  contradistinction  to  the  Southern  rule  of  dating  it  from  May 
1st,  prevails.  Kentucky  follows  the  northern  rule,  and  therefore 
belongs  to  the  l^orthern  system.  'Now,  at  Woodlawn,  MolKe 
Jackson  won  the  third  heat  of  a  three-mile  race,  beatina;  Sherrod 
and  Colton,  in  5:2Sf .  To  say  that  this  three  miles  by  Kentucky 
is  the  best  ever  made  at  the  North  will  lead  people  to  conclude  that 
none  ever  beat  it  except  such  as  had  the  advantage  in  regard  to 
age,  which  gave  them  a  year  in  weight  any  time  before  the  1st 
of  May.  The  fact  is  otherwise :  MoUie  Jackson,  at  Woodlawn, 
beat  it  five  seconds  and  a  quarter. 

On  the  8th  of  July,  18G5,  Mr.  Hunter  issued  his  challenge 
for  $25,000  a  side,  at  two  or  three  mile  heats,  which  will  be  found 
under  Asteroid's  memoir. 

Saiatoga  Springs,  Aug.  8th,  18C5— The  Saratoga  Cup  for  §1000  for  all  ages ;  added  to  a  sweep- 
stakes of  $50  play  or  pay;  dash  of  two  and  one  quartet-  miles  (18  subscribers).  Value  of 
etake  $1900. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky,  4-years-old  1 

J.  S.  Watson's  b.  h.  Capt.  Moore,  5-years-old 2 

Ward  and  McGrath's  ch.  h.  Ehinodyne,  6-years-old,  by  Wagner,  dam  Ann  Watson,  by 

Imp.  Glencoe 3 

Time,  4:01>. 

We  take  the  subjoined  notice  of  the  race  from  the  "  Turf, 
Field  and  Farm"  of  the  12th  of  August,  18G5  : 

The  day  was  one  of  the  most  beautiful  and  delightful  of  the 
season,  the  course  in  fine  condition ;  the  attendance  much  larger 
and  more  fashionable  than  on  the  first  day.  The  ladies  (God 
bless  them)  the  life  and  soul  of  all  genuine  and  gentlemanly 
amusements,  turned  out  in  strong  force.  We  would  suggest  the 
propriety  of  getting  up  a  matrimonial  stake  for  the  next  year, 


380  THE    HORSE. 

and  each  succeeding  one,  in  which  onl}^  young  men,  bachelors 
and  widowers  should  be  allowed  to  enter  horses.  The  winner  to 
be  allowed  to  select  a  young  lady  or  matron  from  the  numerous 
candidates  in  attendance,  who  should  marry  him  at  once :  we 
are  confident,  no  race  would  afford  finer  sport,  and  certainly 
none  would  bring  to  the  post  a  larger  field  of  horses.  The  bet- 
ting on  the  cup  race  was  quite  spirited,  until  it  w%ns  rumored 
that  Beacon  would  not  start.  Kentucky  was  decidedly  the 
favorite,  selling  in  the  pools  at  $700  to  $400  against  the  balance, 
and  before  the  start  bets  were  made  at  3  and  4  to  1  against  the 
field,  with  but  few  takers.  Much  to  the  disappointment  of  the 
crowd,  at  the  call  for  the  horses,  only  three  appeared,  Kentucky, 
Capt.  Moore,  and  Rhino  dyne.  They  were  paraded  in  front  of 
the  stand  and  taken  to  the  head  of  the  front  stretch  for  the  start. 
At  the  signal,  Kentucky  had  a  slight  lead,  with  Rhinodyne  in 
the  second  position.  The  pace  was  tremendous ;  the  first  quarter 
was  passed  with  Kentucky  leading  by  half  a  length  in  26  sec- 
onds, Rhinodyne  second,  Capt.  Moore  about  three  lengths  in  the 
rear.  On  they  rush,  with  the  speed  of  quarter  horses,  Kentucky 
rather  increasing  his  advantage  down  the  back  stretch.  Around 
the  turn  Capt.  Moore  made  play  and  passed  Ehinodyne,  who 
faltered  as  though  his  leg  had  given  away,  which  we  are  sorry 
to  say  was  too  true.  They  passed  the  stand  at  the  end  of  the 
first  mile  and  a  quarter  with  Kentucky  leading  by  a  length, 
Capt.  Moore  second ;  Billy  Burgoyne  on  Moore  took  a  strong- 
pull  on  his  horse  around  the  turn,  and  down  the  back  stretch, 
made  a  most  gallant  but  ineffectual  struggle  to  reach  the  non- 
pareil under  Gil.  Around  the  turn  they  dash,  at  a  flight  of  speed 
but  seldom  if  ever  equaled.  Burgoyne  on  Moore  struggled  man- 
fully to  the  end,  Kentucky  winning  with  something  to  spare,  by 
a  scant  length,  the  last  two  miles  being  run  in  3:35 1,  the  best 
time  on  record  in  this  country,  with  weight  for  age.  To  say  that 
any  horse  is  the  equal,  much  less  the  superior  of  Kentucky, 
would  be  hazarding  an  assertion  which  the  record  Avill  not  sub- 
stantiate. "We  congratulate  the  owners  of  Kentucky  not  only  in 
possessing  the  best  bred,  but  one  of  the  best,  if  not  the  very  best 
race-horse  upon  the  turf.  It  will  be  seen  that  the  9  quarters  in 
tlie  2|  miles  were  run  at  the  rate  of  26|  seconds  to  the  quarter. 


KENTUCKY.  381 

Saratoga  Springs,  Aug.  12th,  18S5— Purse  $1000,  for  all  ages  ;  dash  of  four  miles. 
J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucliy,  4-y ears-old— walked  over. 

Paterson,  N.  J.,  Oct.  10th,  1805— Premium  $500,  for  all  ages,  two  mile  heats. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky,  4-years-old 11 

F.  Morris'  b.  c.  Lord  Monmouth,  4-ycars-old 2    3 

D.  McDaniel's  b.  h.  Oakland,  5-years-old,  by  Revenue,  dam  by  Imp.  Margrave    .        .        3    3 
Won  easy. 

Time  3:56i-3:45. 

Same  Meeting,  Oct.  11th,  18C5— Premium  $400,  for  all  ages,  three  miles. 
J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky,  4-years-old — walked  over. 

Same  Meeting,  Oct.  12th,  1805— Premium  $700,  for  all  ages,  three  mile  heats. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky,  4-years-old i    1 

P.  C.  Bush's  ch.  h.  Fleetwing,  5-years-old  2  dr. 

Won  in  a  canter.    Fleetwing  was  lame  from  quarter  cracks  in  both  fore-feet,  and  by  consent 
of  the  judges  was  withdrawn. 

Time  5:39i. 

Paterson,  N.  J.,  June  5th,  18G6— Premium  $600,  for  all  ages,  two  mile  heats. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  c.  Kentucky,  5-years-old 11 

J.  S.  Watson's  b.  c.  Julius,  4-years-old,  by  Lexington,  out  of  Julia         ....        2    2 
Bowie  &  HaU's  b.  h.  Baltimore,  5-years-old,  by  Revenue,  dam  Maroon,  by  Imp. 

Glencoe odis. 

R.  A.  Alexander's  b.  c.  Norwich,  4-years-old,  by  Lexington,  out  of  Novice,  by  Imp. 

Glencoo      , 4di8, 

Won  witli  ease. 

Time  3:58-1—3:56. 

Same  Meeting,  June  6th,  1866— Premium  $500,  for  all  ages,  three  mile  dash. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  h.  Kentucky,  5-years-old 1 

M.  II.  Sanford's  b.  m.  Nannie  Butler,  5-years-oId,  by  Lexington,  out  of  Tokay,  by  Imp. 

Yorkshire  2 

E.  V.  Snedikcr's  b.  f.  Lady  Dan  Bryant,  4-years-old,  by  Lexington,  dam  Fanny  G.,  by 

Imp.  Margrave    ...  .       .  .        .  3 

Won  in  a  canter. 

Tkne  6:04i. 

Same  Meeting,  June  7th,  1868— Premium  $1000,  for  all  ages,  three  mile  heats. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  h.  Kentucky,  5-years-old 11 

Bowie  &  Hall's  gr.  c.  Richmond,  4-years-old,  by  Two  Bits,  dam  Faith,  by  Childe  Harold       2    2 
Won  easily. 

Time  5:54^-6: 19.}. 

Saratoga  Springs,  July  23th,  1866— Saratoga  Cup  of  $1000  added  to  a  sweepstakes  of  $50  each, 

play  or  pay,  two  miles  and  a  quarter  (20  subscribers).    Value  of  stake  $2300. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  h.  Kentucky,  5-years-old,  114  lbs.          ...                ....  1 

T.  G.  Moore's  b.  h.  Bea(ipn,  5-years-old,  114  lbs 2 

T.  Buford's  b.  c.  Delaware,  4-years-old,  104  lbs 3 

Dr.  Weldon's  b.  h.Leatherlungs,  6-years-old,  1211bs 4 

Time  4:01. 

We  take  the  annexed  description  of  the  race  from  the  "  Turf, 
Field,  and  Farm": 

The  Saratoga  Cnp,  two  and  a  quarter  miles,  for  all  ages. 
Out  of  twenty-six  nominations,  only  four  started ;  Kentucky, 


882  THE    HORSE. 

114  lbs.,  Littlefield ;  Beacon,  114  lbs..  Ford  ;  Delaware,  104  lbs., 
Garret;  and  Leatlierlungs,  121  lbs.,  Koach.  Although  the  track 
had  dried  out  somewhat,  it  was  still  a  couple  of  seconds  slower 
than  last  year.  Kentucky  was  backed  at  10  to  4  in  the  pools 
aejainst  Beacon ;  10  to  2  against  Delaware,  with  Leatlierlungs 
thrown  in  for  a  fraction.  In  the  start,  at  the  three  quarter  pole, 
Kentucky  took  the  lead,  and  passed  the  stand  a  length  in  front 
of  Delaware,  wdio  had  Beacon  at  his  Cjuarters,  and  Lungs  as  close 
to  Beacon.  Delaware  was  lapped  in  the  turn  with  Beacon,  Ken- 
tucky a  couple  of  lengths  in  advance — Leatherlungs  falling  tjff, 
and  only  appearing  again  at  the  finish  of  the  race.  On  the  back 
stretch  a  blanket  might  have  covered  the  three ;  but  at  the  half 
mile  and  round  the  turn  there  was  only  a  length  between  each,  and 
after  a  close  race  up  the  stretch  Kentucky  passed  the  stand,  with 
Beacon's  head  at  his  quarter,  and  Delaware  lapped  on  Beacon.  A 
length  was  between  each  round  the  turn ;  but  on  the  back  stretch 
Delaware  quit,  leaving  a  pretty  race  to  Kentucky  and  Beacon 
round  the  turn,  the  latter  being  at  Kentucky's  saddle  girths  till 
they  approached  the  last  quarter,  when  he  drew  in  front  at  every 
jump,  and  won  in  a  gallop  by  half  a  dozen  lengths,  under  a  pull 
up  the  home  stretch,  all  coming  home  as  they  were  placed  at 
starting;  the  time  at  every  quarter  mile  being  as  follows: — 
0:26|;  0:481;  1:211;  1:50;  2:15;  2:42;  3:09;  3:37;  4:04. 

Considering  the  condition  of  the  track,  and  that  the  pace  was 
not  forced,  this  race  was  faster  than  his  race  last  year  with  Capt, 
Moore  and  Khinodyne,  when  he  beat  the  Captain  after  a  shar]> 
race,  from  first  to  last,  in  4:01|^. 

Saratoga  Springs,  Jiily  38th,  1866— Premium  $1000,  for  all  ages ;  dash  of  four  mOes. 

J.  Hunter's  b.  h.  Kentucky,  5-years-old 1 

J.  S.  Watson's  b.  c.  Julius,  4-years-old 2 

Dr.  Weldon's  b.  h.  Leatherlungs,  6-years-old 8 

The  entries  were  Dr.  Weldon's  Leatherlungs,  ridden  by 
Roach ;  Col.  McDaniel's  Julius,  Alphus,  and  Mr.  Hunter's  Ken- 
tucky, by  Littlefield ;  IGO  to  25  on  Kentucky.  Leatherlungs 
took  up  the  running,  and  led  for  the  first  mile  and  three-quarters, 
when  Kentucky,  who  had  been  laying  back  under  a  pull,  was  let 
out  and  went  to  the  front ;  Julius,  who  had  been  close  up,  taking 
Leatherlung's  place,  and  making  a  fine  brusli  up  the  homestretch 
and  entering  the  third  mile  head  and  head  with  Kentucky, 


KEIS^TUCKY.  383 

Leatherlungs  a  lengtli  behind  and  falling  ofi'  rapidly  from  this 
point  and  hardly  noticed  for  the  balance  of  the  race.  The  third 
mile  was  run  very  prettily,  and  was  close  enough  to  give  the 
greatest  satisfaction  to  the  spectators ;  Julius'  running  lapped  on 
Kentucky  past  the  half-mile  pole,  who  then  gave  a  taste  of  what 
was  in  reserve  by  showing  daylight  and  drawing  out  a  length  in 
front  of  Julius,  the  latter  sticking  like  beeswax  and  passing  into  the 
last  mile  with  his  nose  at  Kentucky's  shoulder,  Julius  apparently 
under  a  pull,  while  Kentucky  was  going  as  easy  as  might  be. 
The  mile  was  done  in  1:50|. 

The  last  mile  was  done  in  1:55^,  Kentucky  keeping  the  lead 
for  the  balance  of  the  race  in  a  galloj),  and  winning  easily. 

Time  of  first  mile,  1:52'|;  second  mile,  1:53.V;  third  mile, 
1:50|;  fourth  mile,  1:55|;  total,  7:31-^-. — Tiuf\  Fields  and  Farm, 
Aug.  4th,  1860. 

Kentucky's  next  appearance  in  public  was  for  the  Inau- 
guration Stake  four  miles  at  Jerome  Park.  We  take  the  de- 
scription of  the  race  from  the  "  Turf,  Field,  and  Farm,"  Oct.  6th, 
1806: 

THE    NEW  YORK   KACES. 

Inauguration  Meetinrj  of  the  American  Jockey  Club. 

Here  we  raise  Horses,  tliat  in  speed  outstrip 

The  winds ;  go  seek  the  Plain  which  the  Devil's  Ditch 

Divides ;  a  field  with  slender  verdure  green. 

Behold  the  signal  given !  Forth  from  the  goal 

Starts  the  resounding  Horse,  and  on  his  back 

Firm  sits,  Light  Load,  the  Jockey,  jerkened  neat. 

See,  he  devoui's  the  plain,  the  verdures  top 

Scarce  touches,  swift  as  hawk  or  swallow  flies ; 

That,  when  approaching  nearer  to  the  end 

Of  the  long  course,  then  headlong  he  may  seem 

To  rush ;  and  gain  new  vigor  as  he  goes ! 

Then,  neither  lungs,  nor  any  nerve,  he  spares ! 

His  belly  now  appears  to  touch  the  ground, 

And  now  he  seems  fleet  as  the  wind  to  glide. 

Blood,  mixed  with  sweat,  flows  quick  adown  his  side ; 

His  lips  are  wet  with  foam,  with  open  throat 

He  drinks  the  wind  :  and  from  his  nostrils  wide 

Issue,  with  sobs  and  pantings,  curling  smoke, 

While  through  his  body  every  vein  distends. 


384  THE   H0K5E. 

Quicker  and  quicker  now  liis  lij^lit  hoof  strikes 
The  glebe,  and  now  with  hjve  oi'  nearer  palm 
Of  victory  he  glows ;  while  passing  by 
His  several  rivals,  how  his  heart  exults! 
Resounds  with  shouts  of  men,  the  smack  of  whips : 
The  goal  the  conqueror  v/ins,  but  hy  a  neck, 
And  quick  he  bears  away  the  Royal  Plate. 

{Translated  from  the  Latin — "Prac  Treatise  on  Horses") 

The  greatest  event  in  the  history  of  the  turf  of  America 
transpired  last  week,  and  it  is  with  feelings  of  pleasure  we  in- 
form our  numerous  readers,  that  the  success  and  eclat  attending 
this  grand  undertaking  were  such  as  to  guarantee  the  permanent 
establishment  of  an  institution  incomparably  the  most  manly 
and  nolile  of  any  class  of  amusement  in  the  world.  The  forming 
and  carrying  out  of  so  gigantic  and  arduous  an  enterprise  is  a 
feat  of  which  the  projector  may  well  be  proud,  and,  on  the  other 
hand,  the  country  and  community  cannot  suSciently  reward  the 
energetic  and  liberal  gentlemen  who,  at  their  own  risk  and  pos- 
sible chance  of  failure,  invested  immense  sums  for  the  patriotic 
and  praisevTOrthy  desire  of  presenting  to  our  metropolis  a  race- 
course second  to  none  in  the  world.  As  far  back  as  the  earliest 
ages,  horse-racing  has  occupied  an  important  place ;  it  has  been 
popular  in  all  countries  that  have  obtained  prominence  and 
power.  Greece  in  her  palmy  days  supported  and  encouraged 
the  Olympic  games  with  splendor  and  magnificence,  of  which 
we  have  no  parallel  in  modern  times.  Rome  did  the  same, 
crowning  with  laurels  the  successful  riders,  and  appropriating  a 
fund  for  the  maintenance  of  the  victorious  steeds.  To  come 
nearer  to  present  times,  Constantino  the  Great  followed  the 
same  politic  and  useful  example,  under  his  auspices  establishing 
the  circus,  Avhere  the  races  were  held  at  Constantinople,  on  a 
scale  of  magnificence  of  which  the  gigantic  ruins  of  the  Hippo- 
drome furnish  an  illustrious  proof.  In  Britain,  as  far  back  as 
the  reign  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  monarch  Athelstan,  racing 
flourished,  and  from  that  date  has  increased  in  popularity  and 
favor  to  such  an  extent,  that  there  is  scarcely  a  city  or  town  of 
any  importance  in  that  powerful  and  wealthy  country  that  is 
minus  a  race-course.  In  fact.  Englishmen  glory  in  this  sport, 
and  many  of  her  most  enlightened  and  distinguished  statesmen 


KENTUCKY. 


385 


and  scholars,  have  attributed  no  small  portion  of  tlieir  country's 
prosperity  to  this  time-honored  and  classic  sport.  As  far  as  can 
be  perfectly  known,  all  courses  were  public  institutions,  sup- 
ported by  the  purse  of  the  nation,  and  success  to  a  certain  degree 
in  consequence  guaranteed.  But  here  at  Jerome  Park,  we  have 
a  few  private  individuals  who  manfully  come  to  the  front,  and 
with  princely  liberality  expend  enormous  sums  for  the  benefit 
of  their  fellow-countrymen,  and  to  establish  an  institution  that 
will  be  a  perpetual  benefit,  and  place  of  amusement  to  future 
generations.  The  nation  may  well  be  proud  of  such  children, 
and  may  this  example  of  patriotism  live  green  in  the  minds  of 
all,  causing  us  never  to  forget  the  debt  of  gratitude  which  we 
owe  to  the  projectors  of  the  race-course  of  the  American  Jockey 
Club. 

At  an  early  hour  on  Tuesday  morning  it  was  evident  that  an 
event  of  no  usual  import  was  about  to  take  place.  Towards  the 
hour  of  ten,  in  the  upper  and  fashionable  portion  of  town, 
fashionably  gaitered,  booted  and  well-dressed  grooms  began  to 
make  their  appearance,  bustling  about,  full  of  duty  and  im- 
portance. The  streets  grew  more  lively  as  time  advanced,  not 
so  much  by  those  who  were  going  to  the  races  as  persons  desirous 
of  seeing  the  numerous  well-appointed  "  turn-outs.*"  Indiffer- 
ently dressed  laborers,  with  a  smile  on  their  faces  and  a  joke  on 
their  tongues  ;  young  men  of  fortune,  hlase  with  early  dissipation ; 
domestics  loitering  on  their  errands ;  unwashed,  uncombed 
youths,  with  nothing  to  do,  but  on  the  qui  vive  for  chances ; 
foreign  ladies'  maids,  brilliant  in  bright  ribbons  and  natty  attire, 
pert  in  their  manner  and  piq^iante  to  look  at,  interspersed  with 
not  a  small  sprinkling  of  Savoyards,  following  organ-grinding 
and  monkey-teaching  for  a  living — all  were  to  be  seen.  In  fact, 
the  city  was  in  for  a  holiday,  and  few  would  brook  refusal  to 
having  some  share  in  the  anticipated  pleasure.  Eailroad  depots, 
steamboat  buildings,  and  horse-cars  were  all  besieged.  Crowds 
of  well-dressed,  happy  persons,  both  male  and  female,  were  to  be 
met  in  all  our  principal  thoroughfares,  aU  hurrying  with  one 
intent — to  catch  the  best  mode  of  conveyance  for  the  new  scene 
of  pleasure.  Paier  famlllas,  v;ii\\\\h  buxom  better  half  and 
numerous  young  shoots,  pompously  resplendent  in  family  dignity ; 
clerks  and  merchants  good-naturedly  jostled  one  another  at  the 
Vol.  I.— 25 


386  THE   HORSE. 

popular  resorts  down  town,  their  countenances  denoting  antici- 
pated pleasure ;  servant  maids  and  mistresses  decked  in  all  their 
best  finery,  and  magnificent  in  hoops  and  waterfalls,  daintily 
thread  their  way  through  the  crowded  streets  to  join  their 
respective  friends  and  acquaintances.  Conveyances  of  every 
description,  from  the  perfect  turn-out  of  the  wealthy  and  opulent 
to  the  Laker  and  butchers'  carts,  rattled  at  slashing  pace  over 
the  rough  causeway.  Equestrians  of  every  class  and  nationality 
hurry  on,  many  looking  as  if  they  were  far  from  comfortable, 
and  not  quite  as  much  at  home  in  the  saddle  as  they  had  antici- 
pated, and  evidently  fearing  a  come-down  in  the  world,  or  loss 
of  leather.  It  has  often  struck  me  what  an  extraordinary  desire 
many  persons  have  to  exhibit  themselves  as  equestrians  on  the 
occasion  of  a  race-meeting,  and,  in  the  majority  of  instances, 
those  who  are  possessed  with  this  amiable  ambition  are  as  unfit 
as  it  would  be  possible  to  select.  The  tailor,  Dutch  grocer,  and 
not  unfrequently  the  sailor  on  shore,  after  a  lengthened  cruise, 
deem  outside  a  horse  the  only  correct  mode  of  attending  an 
equine  contest.  They  may  never  have  had  their  leg  over  a  saddle 
before,  but  the  moment  they  become  possessed  of  a  desire  to 
make  a  visit  to  a  race-meeting,  no  other  mode  of  progression  will 
suit ;  and  what  figures  do  they  cut — certainly  as  much  the  reverse 
of  grace  as  it  is  possible  to  conceive -^knees  up  to  their  chins, 
stirrups  of  different  lengths,  back  liumped  like  the  unfortunate 
camel,  who  is  reported  to  have  got  his  up,  and  never  succeeded 
in  getting  it  down ;  or,  on  the  other  hand,  they  ape  the  mode 
viilitaire — toes  just  touching  the  stirrups,  which  are  sufliciently 
long  to  use  for  a  wagon  trace — body  and  limbs  as  straight  as  a 
lath,  and  as  uncomfortable  in  position  as  it  is  possible  to  place 
them ;  bridle-hand  up  to  their  mouth,  with  elbows  square,  as  if 
they  were  about  to  burst  a  hedge  and  save  their  physiognomy 
from  the  rasping  briars.  And  then  what  accoutrements !  Foi 
antiquity,  size  and  shape,  they  might  well  have  done  good  ser- 
vice at  the  field  of  Culloden.  But  we  must  not  neglect  the 
saddle-cloth,  gorgeous  in  coloring,  gigantic  in  size,  and  invariably 
put  on  awry,  fluttering  in  the  breeze  behind,  like  a  banner  of 
the  Crusaders.  And  then  the  pace— short,  spasmodic  canters  or 
irregular  curveting — for  such  men  are  far  above  riding  in  an 
ordinary  every-day  trot,   and  besides,  it  would  not  attract  so 


KENTUCKY.  387 

mueli  attention  or  look  so  warlike.  Perhaps  tke  heiglit  of  their 
ambition  may  be  to  be  thought  in  some  indirect  manner  con- 
nected either  with  the  jockeys  or  the  approaching  excitement,  or 
better  still,  possibly,  an  owner  of  one  or  more  of  the  flyers.  On 
Fourth  avenue,  at  the  termination  of  the  Harlem  Kailroad,  the 
crowd  was  immense,  car  after  car  requiring  to  be  added,  to  ac- 
commodate the  flood,  of  mortality,  and.  although  the  company 
ran  numerous  additional  trains,  the  same  scene  was  enacted  at 
the  starting  of  each,  and  even  then  not  half  could  obtain  seats, 
the  centre  passage  being  choked  with  hundreds  who  were  satis- 
fied to  stand  in  preference  to  waiting  till  a  later  hour.  From 
the  terminus  to  the  track  an  uninterrupted  string  of  eager  per- 
sons crowded  the  way,  all  intent  on  the  expected  races,  eagerly 
canvassing  the  merits  of  each  entry,  praising  or  disparaging  the 
chances  of  success,  and  universally  agi-eeing  that  Asteroid's  ac- 
cident amounted  almost  to  a  national  calamity.  Venders  of  lager- 
bier  and  speculative  knowing  ones  had  not  forgotten  the  chances 
of  a  profitable  harvest,  and  saloons  and  shanties  of  every  size 
and  form  were  erected  on  every  eligible  site,  displaying  tempting 
refreshment  to  the  thirsty  and  hungry  souls.  The  grounds  in 
and  around  the  course  resembled  an  immense  camp — carriages, 
buggies,  horses  and  pedestrians  mingled  in  an  inextiicable  jam, 
laughing,  talking,  eating  and  joking. 

All  around  is  gaj — men,  horses,  dogs, 
And  each  smiling  countenance  appears 
Fresh,  blooming  health  and  universal  joy. 

So  much  happiness  is  seldom  seen,  and  the  brightness  of  the 
day  is  almost  exceeded  by  the  brilliancy  and  happy  countenances 
of  the  pleasure  seekers.  Universal  conviviality  all  appear  intent 
on,  striving  for  the  great  desideratum  of  an  eligible  site  from 
which  they  may  obtain  the  best  and  least  interrupted  view  of  tlie 
pending  struggles.  An  estimate  of  the  number  of  spectators 
present  would  be  difficult  to  form,  but  it  doubtless  could  not  be 
under  twenty  thousand.  The  grand  stand  is  one  sea  of  heads 
rising  in  tiers,  one  over  the  other,  to  its  furthest  walls.  The 
space  between  here  and  tlie  quarter  stretch  is  not  one  whit  less 
favored — thousands  stand  and  lounge  about,  joking,  betting,  and 
prophesying.  The  pool-sellers'  corner  has  immense  attractions, 
and  his  voice  can  scarce  be  heard  over  the  hum  and  bustle  of  in- 


388  THE    HORSE. 

numerable  anxious  speculators,  desirous  of  hedging  or  making 
more  money  on  the  performances  of  some  outsider  rapidly  rising 
in  public  favor.  The  bustle  does  not  here  cease.  The  turf  in 
the  inclosure,  the  Club  House  hill  opposite,  and  even  the  stables 
have  their  attractions,  and  gaping  multitudes  wander  around, 
surprised  and  delighted  with  the  good  taste  and  perfect  arrange- 
ments to  be  found  on  every  side.  The  Jockey  Club  have  evidently 
chosen  a  person  not  only  of  great  experience  in  racing  matters, 
but  one  of  consummate  taste  and  knowledge  of  the  picturesque, 
to  whom  they  entrusted  the  construction  of  these  delightful 
grounds,  and  well  has  the  work  been  performed,  for  it  would  be 
impossible  to  get  greater  distance  and  fairer  turns-out  of  so  con- 
tracted a  space. 

The  grand  stand  and  various  edifices  are  models  of  neatness 
and  taste,  all  harmonizing  and  corresponding  in  style  of  architec- 
ture with  each  other.  The  numerous  fences  have  all  undergone 
abimdant  coats  of  paint,  and  would  rival  the  driven  snow  in 
purity  of  color,  contrasting  with  the  emerald  shade  of  the  grass 
and  the  sombre  hues  of  the  forest  trees  forming  the  background. 
Here  every  class  of  persons  are  to  be  lound,  men  from  every 
walk  in  life  and  every  portion  of  the  country,  with  no  small 
sprinkling  of  foreigners,  easily  recognized  by  their  difference  in 
costume,  and  tlieir  energetic  and  violent  conversation,  their 
pantomime  being  frequently  equal  to  and  as  forcible  as  witnessed 
on  the  stage.  The  fair  sex  were  not  behind  in  number,  rivaling 
the  rainbow  with  their  numerous  dresses,  magnificent  in  all  the 
enormities  of  modern  fashions,  laughing,  jesting,  flirting ;  the 
apparent  emblems  of  unlimited  happiness  and  pleasure,  may  a 
cloud  never  darken  the  horizon  of  their  life.  Talking  about  the 
fair  sex ;  never  in  the  wliole  course  of  a  long  life,  spent  in  dif- 
ferent portions  of  the  globe,  has  it  been  my  lot  to  see  so  many 
beautiful  faces  and  graceful  forms,  assembled  together  at  one 
place ;  moreover,  I  will  uphold  for  the  ladies  of  America  that 
they  dress  and  shoe  themselves  better  than  their  European 
sisters,  going  neither  to  the  extremes  of  frivolity  of  Frencli 
fashion  or  the  gauchiness  of  the  blonde  daughters  of  Albion.  In 
addition  to  the  numerous  attractions  offered,  a  magnificent  brass 
band  was  on  the  ground,  which  rendered  the  programme  doubly 
enjoyable  by  the  ever  welcome  addition  of  a  well-selected  choice 


KENTUCKY.  389 

of  tlie  best  musical  compositions.  Tlie  appointed  time  for  the 
track  to  be  cleared  has  at  length  arrived,  and  a  few  taps  on  a 
drum  inform  the  restless  swa3ing  mass  that  the  ground  must  be 
cleared ;  further  warning  is  unnecessary,  and  all  with  simultaneous 
accord  leave  the  temporarily  forbidden  space,  and  seek  the  most 
availing  and  unoccupied  places,  from  whence  they  can  obtain 
the  best  view  of  the  coming  contest.  Diminutive  specimens  of 
humanity  aiow  show  to  the  front  brilliant  in  the  various  bright 
colors  of  the  respective  stables  for  whom  they  are  about  to  ride. 
A  marked  improvement  from  previous  similar  assemblies  is  ob- 
vious in  the  neatness  and  cleanliness  of  their  costumes,  and  long 
may  the'  jockey  take  as  much  pride  and  pleasure  in  his  well- 
fitting  inexpressibles,  variegated  jacket  and  unexceptional  top- 
boots,  as  the  trainer  does  in  the  silky  coat,  and  perfect  condition 
of  his  high-spirited  graceful  charges.  The  bustle  and  confusion 
of  going  to  scales  soon  passed,  and  the  aspirants  for  racing  honors 
are  now  led  up  to  undergo  the  operation  of  saddling,  and  perhaps 
receive  a  preliminary  canter  to  clear  their  breathing  apparatus. 

Second  Race. — "  The  Inauguration  Race ;  "  4  mile  heats,  for  all  ages ;  3  year  olds  to  carry 
90  lb.,  4  year  olds  104  lbs.,  5  year  olds  and  upwards  114  lb.,  3  lb.  allowed  to  mares  and 
geldings.    Closed  with  29  entries. 

1.  John  Hunter  entered  Travers  and  Osgood's  b.  h.  Kentucky,  by  Lexington  out  of  Magnolia, 

5  yrs.    Orange  and  Crimson  Hoop. 

2.  Entered  Travers  and  Osgood's  b.  h.  Areola,  by  Lexington  out  of  Topaz,  5  yrs. 

3.  D.  McCoun  entered  Mr.  Sanford's  g.  h.  Loadstone,  by  Lexington  out  of  Blue  Bonnet,  5  yrs. 

4.  EuteredMr.  Sanford's  b.  ra.  Nannie  Butler,  by  Lexington  out  of  Toliay,  5  yrs. 

5.  J.  S.  Watson  entered  b.  ra.  Capt.  Moore,  by  imp.  Bulrownic  out  of  Jennie  Rose,  G  yrs. 
C.  Entered  b.  h.  Julius,  by  Lexington  out  of  Julia,  4  yrs.    Red  and  Blue  and  Red  Hoop. 

7.  Thomas  Pui-year  entered  b.  m.  Millcreeli,  by  imp.  Sovereign  out  of  Millwood,  7  yrs. 

8.  P.  C.  Bush  entered  Forbes  and  Jerome's  ch.  h.  Fleetwing,  by  Balrownie  out  of  Rhoda,  5 

yrs.    Blue  and  Yellow. 

9.  Entered  Forbes  and  Jerome's  Gilda,  by  Mango  out  of  Juliette,  4  yrs. 

13.  D.  McDaniel  entered  b.  m.  Lady  Blcssington,  Ijy  imp.  Eclipse  out  of  Philo,  5  yrs. 
11.  Entered  b.  h.  Oalsland,  by  Revenue  out  of  mare  by  imp.  Margrave,  0  yrs. 
13.  Entered  b.  c.  Ripley,  by  Jeff  Davis  out  of  Nina  (the  dam  of  Planet),  3  yrs. 

13.  Andrew  Robeson  entered  br.  h.  Climax,  by  Balrownie  out  of  Jewel,  7  yrs. 

14.  D.  Reedy  entered  g.  h.  Tlumdcr,  by  Lexington  out  of  Blue  Bonnet,  G  yrs. 

15.  R.  A.  Alexander  entered  b.  c.  Asteroid,  l)y  Lexington  out  of  Nebula,  5  yrs. 
13.  Entered  b.  c.  Norwich,  by  Lexington  out  of  Novice,  3  yrs. 

17.  Entered  b.  m.  Idlewild,  by  Lexington  out  of  mare  by  Glcncoe,  9  yrs.    Blue  and  White 

Hoop. 
13.  Entered  b.  c.  Bay  Dick,  by  Lexington  out  of  Alabama,  0  yrs. 
1').  J.  R.  Butler  entered  b.  c.  Liverston,  by  Lexington  out  of  Utilla,  3  yrs. 
29.  Bowie  and  Hall  entered  ch.  h.  Eugene,  by  Revenue  out  of  Fanny  Fern,  9  yrs. 
21.  Entered  ch.  c.  Baltimore,  by  Revenue  out  of  Maroon,  4  yrs. 

2-2,  Thomas  Buford  entered  Onward,  by  Ringcjold  out  of  My  Lady,  4  yrs.    Orange  and  White. 
23.  Entered  Delaware,  by  Ringgold  out  of  Ariel,  4  yrs. 

21.  J.  W.  Weldon  entered  br.  li.  Leatherlungs,  by  Lexington  out  of  Gossamer,  G  yrs. 
25.  A.  Keene  Richards  entered  ch.  h.  by  Lexington  out  of  Reel,  G  jrrs. 


390  THE   HOESE. 

26.  Entered  b.  m.  Saratoga,  by  imp.  Knight  of  St.  George  out  of  sister  to  Pryor. 

27.  A.  J.  Armstrong  entered  g.  h.  Charlie  Armstrong,  by  Lexington  out  of  mare  by  Grey 

Eagle. 

28.  H.  P.  McGraths  entered  b.  h.  Beacon,  by  Lexington,  dam  Bay  Leaf,  Syrs. 

29.  J.  W.  Weldon  entered  eh.  c.  by  imp.  Fazzolette,  Jr.,  dam  Waswing,  3  yrs. 

This  was  tlie  great  event  of  the  day,  and  it  is  very  improb- 
able that  since  the  days  of  the  Dutchman  and  Yoltigeur  match, 
has  any  equine  contest  created  so  great  an  amount  of  excitement. 
Thousands  of  people  had  come  thousands  of  miles  to  witness  the 
performances  of  the  acknowledged  two  best  horses  of  their  day, 
both  children  of  the  redoubtable  Lexington,  and  who  have  for 
some  time  stood  on  the  apex  of  fame  in  their  respective  regions. 
Kentucky,  in  his  youth,  was  brought  from  his  native  State, 
whose  name  he  bears,  being  purchased  by  an  eastern  stable ; 
since  his  debut  on  the  turf  he  has  but  once  been  beaten,  and 
that  when  in  his  three  year  old  shape,  ISTorfolk,  another  of  the 
Lexingtons,  being  the  victor.  Many  contend  that  Kentucky  was 
off;  but  whether  or  not,  it  can  scarcely  be  deemed  a  disgrace  to 
succumb  to  an  antagonist  whom  many  suppose  equal  to  any  race- 
horse in  the  world,  Kentucky  is  undoubtedly  one  of  the  hand- 
somest animals  the  eye  ever  rested  on — showy,  graceful  and 
springy  in  action,  of  excellent  temper,  beautiful  dark-brown 
color,  with  white  stocking  on  the  forefoot.  As  he  passed  the 
grand  stand  with  Littlefield  on  his  back,  a  more  perfect  picture 
for  the  sportsman's  taste  could  scarcely  be  imagined — the  animal 
curvetting  full  of  life,  health,  and  animal  spirit,  while  the  grace- 
ful seat  of  the  rider,  his  hands  low,  foot  well  home  and  finished 
manner,  showed  how  much  he  was  au  fait  in  the  pig  skin.  A 
skillful  jockey  was  judiciously  selected  to  share  the  honors  with 
this  magnificent  horse. 

Idlewild,  Mr.  Alexander's  entry,  was  much  admired  (alas ! 
that  poor  Asteroid  should  be  confined  to  his  stable  from  a  serious 
and  painful  accident,  instead  of  being  present  to  gratify  the  long- 
desired  gaze  of  the  Eastern  turfites ;  but  Vhomme  propose  mais 
Dleu  dispose),  many  remembering  her  wonderful  performances 
in  days  long  since  gone  by.  Although  aged,  it  is  easy  to  see 
that  the  courage  and  determination  that  formerly  characterized 
her  is  not  one  whit  tlie  less.  "  Go  in,  old  mare,  and  may  fortune 
smile  on  you,"  was  the  exclamation  of  a  gentleman  stationed  on 
my  right,  and  many  echoed  this  desire. 


KENTtJCKY.  391 

Onward  and  Fleetwing  are  botli  splendid  animals ;  tlie  former, 
from  the  splendid  manner  in  which  he  handled  Beacon  in  the 
first  heat  of  the  three  mile  race,  is  still  green  in  the  memories  of 
many,  and  before  the  visit  of  Asteroid  was  announced  as  a  cer- 
tainty, he  stood  second  favorite,  some  asserting,  and  those  per- 
sons not  lacking  experience,  that  if  he  will  run  honest,  the 
favorite  ^^'ill  have  all  he  can  do  to  take  the  palm.  In  appearance 
Onward  is  a  race-horse  all  over,  perfect  in  shape  and  make,  of  a 
beautiful  rich  chestnut  color,  and,  unless  I  be  a  false  prophet, 
will  yet  prove  himself  one  of  the  most  dangerous  horses  in  the 
land.  The  latter,  Fleetwing,  at  Saratoga,  Patei'son  and  Seacau- 
cus,  has  reaped  honors,  and,  although  mentioned  last,  is  not  one 
iota  less  to  be  feared.  He  comes  of  a  family  noted  both  for 
their  speed  and  staying  qualities,  his  sire,  Balrownie,  being  one 
of  the  same  family  as  the  justly  celebrated  Blair  Athol,  winner 
of  both  Derby  and  St.  Leger,  besides  numerous  other  important 
events.  As  each  passed  the  grand  stand,  the  condition  of  all 
looked  perfect,  unless  Onward,  who,  I  believe,  appeared  scarce 
as  well  as  could  be  desired. 

THE   KACE. 

First  Heat. — With  little  trouble,  these  splendid  animals 
were  marshalled,  and  at  the  falling  of  the  flag  all  went  oft'  with 
a  rush,  the  mare  leading.  Favorite  2d,  Onward  and  Fleetwing 
close  up  and  together ;  the  old  heroine,  mindful,  no  doubt,  of 
former  victories,  pulling  hard'  and  showing  unmistakable  signs 
that  she  was  determined  to  try  the  bottom  and  speed  of  her 
opponents.  However,  at  the  quarter  mile  post  Kentucky  had 
the  front,  Fleetwing  and  Onward  second  and  third.  At  the 
half  mile,  Idlewild  had  j)assed  through  the  ruck,  and  was 
making  the  pace  terrific,  both  Kentucky  and  rider,  who  were 
next,  undoubtedly  getting  many  a  mouthful  of  dirt.  The  pace 
now  improved,  and  the  gallant  little  one  was  getting  more  day- 
light between  her  and  her  pursuers.  Eound  the  upper  turn  and 
down  the  home  stretch  the  work  was  no  less  hot,  all  appearing 
to  make  an  additional  efibrt  as  they  passed  the  grand  stand, 
crowded  with  so  many  anxious  faces  and  ardent  admirers.  On 
entering  the  second  mile,  the  places  were  unchanged,  although 


392  THE    irOESE. 

the  ruck  had  drawn  a  little  on  the  veteran  leader ;  the  turn 
passed  and  up  the  back  stretch,  Idle  wild  kept  up  unfaggingly  the 
same  terrific  gait,  appearing  to  outpace  them  all,  and  gallantly 
retaining  the  front,  past  the  half  and  three-quarter  poles,  into 
the  home  stretch,  passed  the  grand  stand,  completing  the  second 
mile.  The  third  mile  was  done  without  change  to  the  end  of 
the  upper  turn,  entering  the  home  stretch,  the  mare  still  in 
front.  Flesh,  blood  and  age  could  scarcely  stand  such  terrific 
efforts,  and  nature  and  condition,  but  not  spirit,  had  to  give 
place  to  youth  and  superior  length  of  stride.  Before  coming  to 
the  distance  pole,  the  favorite  had  taken  the  front,  and  Idlewild 
fell  behind.  From  Kentucky's  style,  there  was  little  doubt  that 
all  was  now  in  his  favor ;  he  led  round  the  bottom  of  the  course 
and  along  the  back  stretch,  the  two  chestnuts  laying  close  in 
attendance  round  the  upper  turn,  Kentucky  retaining  the  front, 
Onward  and  Fleetwing  close  beside  him,  and  Idlewild  some 
way  astern.  With  redoubled  efforts,  all  entered  the  home 
stretch,  a  renewed  burst  of  speed  being  put  on  for  the  finish ; 
but  it  was  aU  useless,  Kentucky  had  it  his  own  way,  and  Little- 
field  landed  his  nag  a  winner,  Onward  half  a  length  behind,  and 
Fleetwing  in  close  attendance,  the  noble  little  mare  distanced. 

Second  Heat. — The  necessary  time  having  elapsed,  the  horses 
came  up  to  the  post  looking  well.  None  showed  any  symptons 
of  distress,  after  so  terrific  a  contest,  the  distended  nostrils  and 
blazing  eye  denoting  courage  unflinching,  and  the  determina- 
tion to  do  all  that  lay  in  their  power,  to  justify  their  backers' 
good  opinion.  At  the  fall  of  the -flag  off  they  went,  Kentucky 
and  Onward  neck  and  neck,  Fleetwing  a  little  in  rear,  going 
round  the  bottom  turn  ;  however,  the  favorite  shook  off  the 
handsome  chestnut  and  took  the  lead.  The  pace  was  not  so 
good  as  it  had  been  thus  early  in  the  first  heat,  but  the  second 
quarter  was  very  sharp ;  from  the  efforts  made  by  Fleetwing 
find  Onward,  it  was  plain  that  their  instructions  were  to  give  no 
rest  to  the  bay,  and  he,  without  doubt,  asked  little  considera- 
tion. Tlie  first  and  second  miles  were  completed  without  any 
change,  except  that  Onward,  on  the  back  stretch,  made  a  most 
determined  effort  for  front  place,  but  failed,  although  he  got  to 
the  flank  of  Kentucky,  so  for  the  present  had  to  remain  satisfied 
with  second  honors.     The  third  mile  M'as  now  entered,  and  the 


KENTUCKY.  *  393 

pace  sharpened  a  bit  up  tlie  back  stretch,  Onward  again  making 
an  extra  efibrt,  but  with  no  better  result,  want  of  success  or  dis- 
gust at  the  shower  of  dust  his  aristocratic  face  was  receiving,  or 
not  forgetful  of  former  roguery,  lie  here  attempted  to  bolt,  and 
in  consequence,  lost  many  lengths ;  but  the  strong  seat,  deter- 
mined manner  and  judicious  handling  of  the  jockey  crammed 
hinj  again  into  his  work,  but  from  the  loss  of  distance  incurred 
by  this  misdeed,  he  had  to  be  satisfied  v/ith  third  place  entering 
the  home  stretch.  To  all  it  Avas  apparent  that  Kentucky,  lack- 
ing accidents,  must  win,  and  as  no  such  happened,  he  rattled  up 
the  home  stretch  and  came  in  first,  closely  attended  by  Fleet- 
wing  and  Onward.  The  owners  of  the  two  last  named  can 
scarcely  be  dissatisfied  or  disappointed  in  their  horses,  for  both 
made  a  noble  struggle,  and  had  but  to  succumb  to  one  of  the 
noblest  animals  that  ever  honored  a  gentleman's  stables  or  ran 
on  a  race  track.     Summary : — 

Kentucky 1  1 

Fleetwiug 3  2 

Onward 3  3 

Idlewild Dis. 

First  Heat. — Time  of  first  quarter  mile,  2T^  seconds ;  half 
mile,  54|  seconds ;  first  mile,  1:51 ;  two  miles,  3:41 ;  three 
miles,  5:35  ;  four  miles,  7:35. 

Second  Heat. — Time  of  first  quarter  mile,  30|-  seconds;  half 
mile,  54:  secondij ;  first  mile,  1:59  ;  two  miles,  3:534  ;  three  miles, 
5:47;  four  miLs,  7:41 1-. 

Thus  terminated  one  of  the  greatest  races  ever  run,  and  on 
tlie  result  of  vrhicli  immense  sums  of  money  depended.  Citi- 
zens representing  every  section  of  the  country  were  present 
rich  and  poor,  all  desirous  of  seeing  the  performances  of  tht 
world-renowned  son  of  old  Lexington. 

Between  the  heats,  Mr.  x\lexander  permitted  Asteroid  to  be 
brought  out  in  front  of  the  grand  stand  for  the  inspection  of  the 
masses,  the  animal's  noble  mien  and  handsome  proportions  elicit- 
ing unbounded  admiration.  If  misfortune  had  not  occurred, 
and  he  had  come  safely  to  the  post,  the  result  is  more  than 
doubtful,  for  a  more  magnificently  built  horse  for  speed  and 
stoutness  the  sun  never  shone  on.    His  toiit  ensemhle  may  not  be 


394  '  THE    HORSE. 

as  taking  as  liis  brother's,  but  dissect  liim  as  you  will,  there  is 
no  portion  that  connoisseurs  in  horse  flesh  would  not  pronounce 
perfect.  Kentucky  may  well  be  considered  the  prettier  of  the 
two,  but  certainly  not  the  better  proportioned  race-horse.  A 
year  ago,  when  a  match  was  iirst  proposed  between  these  two 
flyers,  meddlers  and  envious  scribblers  had  the  barefViced  efiron- 
tery  to  say  that  the  gentlemanly  and  high-spirited  owner  of 
Asteroid  was  too  penurious  and  mean  to  go  to  the  expense  of 
sending  his  horse  east,  knowing  he  would  be  beaten.  How  well 
has  the  lie  been  cast  in  their  teeth,  and  may  they  profit  by  this 
example  and  learn  that  all  men  are  not  prompted  by  the  same 
truckling,  contemptible  spirit  of  which  they  are  possessed. 

The  perfect  gratification  and  rapture  expressed  by  the  assem- 
bled multitude,  at  the  termination  of  the  race,  knew  no  bounds ; 
cheer  after  cheer  rent  the  au',  and  the  l^ew  Yorkers  had  their 
desires  gratified  to  excess  by  the  bright  favorite  star  being  vic- 
tor, and  the  first  day's  racing  at  Jerome  Park  a  perfect  success. 

The  maiden  meeting  at  Jerome  Park  is  over,  and  its  most 
glorious  and  successful  dehut  can  now  be  placed  conspicuous  in 
our  memories  and  histories  as  one  of  the  brightest  and  pleas- 
antest  mementos  of  days  gone  by.  Who  can  look  back  upon 
the  brilliant  scenes,  the  innumerable  carriages,  the  dense  crowds 
of  polished  and  fashionable,  well-dressed  persons,  the  lovely 
landscape,  tlie  bright  etlierial  skies,  the  luxuriant  and  variegated 
foliage,  and,  above  all,  the  merry,  happy  laugh  or  bright,  con- 
tented smile  that  radiated  on  every  countenance,  without  de- 
siring to  place  the  race-meeting  at  Fordham  paramount  in  the 
events  of  pleasure  of  their  previous  life  ?  Well  may  the  projec- 
tors and  proprietors  rejoice  over  the  immensity  of  tlieir  success, 
for  what  public  undertaking,  heralded  with  all  the  popularity 
of  a  government's  support  or  nation's  enthusiasm,  could  re- 
ceive more  flattering  encomiums  or  a  larger  amount  of  public 
patronage  and  praise  than  the  new  race-course  of  the  Ameri- 
can Jockey  Club,  the  result  of  the  handiwork  and  good  taste 
of  a  fevv^  private  gentlemen.  The  success  has  truly  been  great, 
but  not  one  iota  more  than  this  undertaking  eminently  de- 
83rves ;  and  may  its  popularity  increase  with  each  succeeding 
year,  and  become  ultimately  as  prominent  an  institution  and 
national  an  amusement  as  it  has  ever  been  across  the  ocean,  and 


KENTUCKY.  395 

may  it  be  governed  by  sucli  laws  and  impartial  judgments  as  to 
make  its  decisions  as  noted  and  famous  as  those  of  tlie  ancient 
and  classically  illustrious  Lycurgus,  of  Sparta.  A  new  era  may, 
therefore,  be  stated  to  have  set  in,  and  an  amusement  which 
liad  fallen  into  comparative  neglect  has  again  been  revived  with 
redoubled  brilliancy.  A  few  years  ago,  in  Virginia,  Louisiana, 
Kentucky  and  many  other  States,  the  aristocracy  of  our  demo- 
cratic country  were  constant  attendants  at  race-meetings ;  but 
alas,  an  adverse  tide  set  in ;  the  entire  country  resounded  with 
the  clash  of  arms  and  voice  of  war ;  our  young  men  and  old 
shouldered  the  rifle  or  donned  the  sabre;  discord  and  dissension 
reigned  paramount,  and  our  previously  peaceful  land  was  dis- 
tracted with  all  the  horrible  convulsions  of  civil  war ;  but,  thank 
Providence,  those  horrible  scenes  are  over,  and  those  v/ho  so 
gallantly,  on  the  call  of  danger,  rushed  to  the  tented  field,  may 
now  safely  lay  aside  their  deadly  weapons,  and  return  with 
pleasure  and  safety  to  the  avocations  of  peace,  devoting  a  por- 
tion of  their  leisure  to  honorable  and  high-minded  amusements, 
on  the  summit  of  which  stands  racing.  During  our  beloved 
country's  affliction  a  number  of  patriotic  and  enterprising  gen- 
tlemen determined,  if  possible,  to  prevent  racing  falling  into 
neglect,  and  with  an  energy  and  courage  worthy  of  this  noble 
cause,  heedless  of  the  expenae  and  general  negligence,  came  to 
the  front,  and,  in  spite  of  the  supineness  and  indifference  of 
many,  founded  Paterson  and  Saratoga  meetings.  Their  success 
at  first  was  not  nearly  commensurate  with  their  deserts ;  still 
they  persevered,  and  that  perseverance  slowly  but  steadily  was 
rewarded.  Other  neighborhoods  followed  this  example — the  ice 
having  at  length  been  broken — and  they  had  the  satisfaction  of 
seeing  ultimate  success. 

At  this  stage  Mr.  Leonard  W.  Jerome  nobly  came  to  the 
front,  with  a  courage  almost  unheard  of,  took  np  the  gauntlet 
and  donned  the  armor,  and,  at  all  hazards,  determined  to  bear 
the  result,  proclaiming  to  the  world  that  he  was  an  advocate  and 
supporter  of  the  ancient  institution.  This  gentleman's  deserv- 
edly high  reputation  soon  attracted  recruits  of  the  highest  social 
position  to  his  standard,  and  thus  formed  the  nucleus  of  the 
American  Jockey  Club.  Further,  he  being  the  happy  possessor 
of  large  means,  at  his  ovv^n  risk  apportioned  a  part  of  his  valuable 


896  THE   HORSE. 

property,  and,  at  an  outlay  almost  incredible,  made  a  race-course 
in  the  vicinity  of  our  metropolis,  second  to  none  in  the  world. 
How  many  have  their  names  mentioned  in  history  and  their 
memories  perpetuated  far  into  futurity  for  less  worthy  actions. 
Look  at  the  founders  of  cities,  the  writers  of  orations,  the  dis- 
coverer of  previously  unknown  lands,  the  founders  of  institu- 
tions or  the  builders  of  public  edifices,  whose  patronymics  are 
daily  in  our  mouths,  and  who,  ages  since,  have  been  enumerated 
with  the  past.  Can  any  one  say  that  they  have  done  more  than 
this  gentleman  ?  We  emphatically  say  no,  and  hope  that  while 
America  is  a  Country,  and  its  People  a  Nation,  the  memory  of 
Mr.  Jerome's  munificence,  liberality  and  honorable  disinterest- 
edness may  never  be  forgotten,  in  giving  to  tins  city  the  most 
perfect,  beautiful  and  costly  race-course  in  the  world. 

The  brilliant  weather  which  happily  attended  the  inaugura- 
tion day  was  deemed  by  many  as  a  happy  prediction  of  long 
and  unvaried  success;  and  although  the  continuation  of  the 
sports  was  unavoidably  delayed,  the  enthusiasm  was  undimin- 
ished, the  press  and  public  universally  agreeing  that  the  popu- 
larity and  attendance  were  far  beyond  all  expectations,  and  im- 
measurably outstripping  any  similar  assembly  that  ever  took 
place  in  the  United  States. 

]S^ow  we  have  a  race-course,  a  word  upon  the  gallant  horses 
may  not  be  amiss.  The  seven  comfortable,  excellently-planned 
stables,  each  containing  ten  loose  boxes,  had  all  occupants,  and 
it  is  more  than  doubtful  that  so  large  a  number  of  first-class 
animals  were  ever  previously  assembled  in  one  place.  The 
blood  of  all  the  celebrities  that  have  lived  for  the  last  half  cen- 
tury was  to  be  found — Lexington,  Glencoe,  Iledgeford,  Light- 
ning, Boston,  Balrownie,  Trustee,  whose  pure  and  unadulterated 
lineage  claims  close  connection  with  many  of  the  greatest  per- 
formers that  have  been  produced  in  England ;  nor  has  migra- 
tion one  whit  impaired  their  speed,  endurance  and  beauty.  The 
racing  public  of  France  and  Britain  have  justly  sung  the  praises 
of  Gladiateur,  Blair  Athol,  Lord  Lyon  and  Achievement,  for 
they  have  been  truly  wonderful  horses,  and  beaten  all  competi- 
tors ;  but  luckily  for  them  that  they  never  met  our  Kentucky, 
or  their  laurels  would  have  stood  a  certain  chance  of  clipping. 
Since  the  days  of  Eclipse,  Flying  Childers,   Stockwell,  West 


KENTUCKY.  397 

Australian  or  Lexington,  it  is  doubtful  that  a  better  steed  ever 
ran  ;  for  not  only  is  be  remarkable  for  bis  wonderful  speed,  but 
lie  is  besides  lasting,  well  bottomed  and  capable  of  carrying 
great  weight,  with  the  courage  of  the  lion  and  the  docility  of 
the  dog.  In  the  closing  event  of  this  meeting,  with  a  heavy 
handicap  weight  up,  he  with  ease  beat  such  celebrated  horses  as 
Aldebaran,  Onward,  etc.,  in  a  two  and  three-quarter  mile  dash, 
making  the  last  mile  in  the  splendid  time  of  1:4!.),  and  the 
handsome,  easy  style  he  finished  justifies  us  in  thinking  that  he 
could  have  done,  if  called  upon,  a  mile  and  a  quarter  more  at 
the  same  rate  of  speed,  which  would  have  made  the  total  four 
miles  T:20|^,  or  half  a  second  more  than  Lexington's  magnificent 
performance  on  the  Metairie  course,  jSTew  Orleans,  but  with  this 
tremendous  difierence,  of  Kentucky  having  124  lbs.  up,  while 
Lexington  only  carried  103  lbs.  The  country  has  long  been 
able  to  boast  of  patriots,  statesmen,  orators  and  soldiers,  without 
compeers;  of  inventions  and  manufactures  without  equals,  and 
she  can  now  with  safety  add  the  name  of  Kentucky  to  the  roll 
of  fame,  as  undoubtedly  the  fastest  and  best  race-horse  living. 

In  the  course  of  time,  new  members  will  be  added  to  the 
honorable  list  of  the  present  composers  of  the  American  Jockey 
Club,  and  who  will  undoubtedly  be  called  upon  to  occupy  prom- 
inent ofiices,  on  whom  not  only  will  devolve  grave  responsi- 
bilities, but  great  trials  and  temptations,  to  successfully  combat 
which  they  have  but  to  follow  the  excellent  example  of  those 
honorable  gentlemen  who  at  present  so  admirably  and  nobly  fill 
their  respective  positions,  knowing,  as  tliey  must',  that  on  them 
depends  the  continued  prosperity,  elevated  place  and  great  pop- 
ularity, to  the  climax  of  which  this  ancient,  time-honored  and 
illustrious  recreation  has  now  reached. 

On  each  of  the  two  last  days  of  the  meeting  the  same  scenes 
of  bustle  and  confusion  were  enacted  throughout  our  great  city, 
more  particularly  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Fifth  Avenue  and  the 
habitations  of  the  rich  and  fashionable.  Those  who  had  wit- 
nessed one  day's  sport  would  not  be  debarred  seeing  the  balance. 
Grooms  in  handsome  liveries  rushed  about ;  coachmen,  no  less 
well  attired,  drove  their  matchless  teams  to  and  fro  through  the 
handsome  streets,  waiting  for  their  precious,  lo^-'ly  pud  well- 
dressed   mistresses.       Servant    C'irl^,    ini- or'.a:;t    \.La    cunlided 


398  THE    IIOESE. 

secrets,  looked  from  stoops,  evidently  impatient  for  the  arrival 
of  expected  guests  or  new  and  fashionable  articles  of  apparel ; 
flashily  dressed  French  milliners  daintily  and  hurriedly  pressed 
their  way,  bearing  carefully,  in  all  the  forbidden  intricacies  of 
band-boxes,  some  costly  head-dress,  or  the  latest  and  most  ap- 
proved make  in  hats  or  bonnets.  Dressmakers,  with  skilfully 
cut  robes,  were  not  wanting  to  complete  the  scene  ;  in  fact,  the 
whole  metropolis  was  agog,  all  bound  on  pleasure,  all  deter- 
mined, if  opportunity  would  allow,  to  be  spectators  of  the  anti- 
cipated races.  In  the  vicinity  of  the  Fifth  Avenue  Hotel  hosts 
of  the  sterner  sex  were  mustered,  canvassing  the  results,  the 
prospects  of  the  favorites,  taking  and  giving  odds,  hedging, 
prophesying  and  warning.  Every  portion  of  the  country  was 
represented,  from  the  tall,  powerful  Missourian  to  the  dapper, 
active  little  Creole  of  New  Orleans — from  the  smart,  calculating, 
astute  "New  Englander,  to  the  stalwart  Kentuckian.  Good 
temper  and  good  nature  prevailed  on  every  side.  All  were  hail- 
fellow-well-met  ;  not  a  shadow  seemed  to  cross  the  even  tenor 
of  their  way.  Truly,  we  Americans  are  a  wonderful  people ; 
what  foreigner  would  believe,  unless  he  knew,  that  those  who, 
little  more  than  twelve  months  since,  had  fought  in  antagonistic 
ranks,  with  all  the  determination,  valor  and  hate  that  civil  war 
could  imbue,  would  now  be  hob-nobbing,  laughing,  joking  and 
fraternizing  with  all  the  appearance  of  a  friendship  that  had 
lasted  for  years. 

Both  roads  to  the  track  were  one  continued,  uninterrupted 
stream,  composed  of  every  description  and  variety  of  conveyance 
that  the  inventive  brain  of  foreign  or  native  coach-builder  could 
devise.  The  elegant  coupe,  with  four  of  the  choicest  horses  that 
money  could  procure,  was  crowded  by  the  half  worn  out,  wholly 
unpainted,  discarded  express  wagon,  or  the  dashing,  splendidly 
finished  turn-out  of  some  leader  of  the  lo?i  ton  had  to  give  place 
to  the  rattling,  go-ahead,  serviceable  market-cart.  On  arrival 
at  the  course,  the  former  familiar  crowds  greeted  your  sight,  and 
a  stranger,  from  their  density  and  settled,  at-home  manner, 
might  easily  suppose  they  had  been  bivouacked  in  their  respec- 
tive places  at  least  since  the  previous  day.  The  hill  at  the  upper 
end  of  the  course  contained  thousands  ;  the  rising  ground  at  the 
lower  end  was  not  one  whit  the  less  favored ;  and  every  tree  arid 


KENTUCKY.  399 

bush,  whetlier  apple  or  maple,  oak  or  fir,  had  as  many  roosters 
ill  it  as  could  find  room  to  percL. 

Booths  and  tents  had  sprung  up  on  every  side  like  mush- 
rooms after  a  shower,  and  their  variety  of  architecture  was  not 
greater  than  the  multiplicity  of  condiments  they  offered  for  sale. 
Oysters,  sandwiches,  pies,  fruit,  et  hoc  genus  omne.  Beverages 
were  no  less  numerous ;  but  it  is  safe  to  assert  that  the  favorite 
and  refreshing  drink  of  Gambrinus  and  Bohemians  had  the 
greatest  patronage.  Inside  the  inclosure  similar  multitudes 
were  to  be  found,  undoubtedly  more  finely  clad  and  more 
fashionable  in  appearance,  but  it  is  dubious  if  they,  with  all 
the  benefits  of  a  quarter-stretch  ticket,  enjoyed  the  fun  v/ith 
greater  gusto. 

Over  the  hum  and  tread  of  a  thousand  voices  and  feet,  the 
pool-seller's  stentorian  voice  could  be  heard  knocking  down  the 
various  horses  to  their  eager  purchasers.  Around  this  portion 
of  the  grounds  the  crowd  is  always  the  densest ;  it  is  here  that 
all  the  knowing  ones  are  to  be  found — men  deeply  skilled  in 
horse  pedigrees  and  horse  performances,  men  of  quick  calcula- 
ting powers,  ready  to  back  or  take  odds,  as  the  chances  ofier 
and  look  favorable.  A  certain  knowing  appearance  stamps 
them ;  the  cut  of  their  clothes  and  even  make  of  their  boots  is 
different ;  everything  bespeaks  the  horse  about  them ;  their 
neck-ties  are  differently  tied,  their  breast-pins  frequently  have 
the  symbol  of  a  horse's  shoe  or  other  equine  appurtenance,  and 
not  unfrequently  a  straw  or  twig  is  in  their  mouth ;  in  fact,  they 
are  our  countei-part  of  what  in  England  are  denominated 
horsey  men. 

The  ladies,  how  can  we  approach  such  a  delicate,  delightful 
subject?  We  lack  the  delicacy  of  touch  of  the  miniature 
painter,  and  the  honied  words  of  the  carpet  knight,  but  still  we 
cannot  pass  the  ornaments  of  our  household,  the  elevators  of 
our  finest  feelings,  the  prime  instigators  of  all  the  delightful 
romance  that  causes  us  to  appreciate  moonlight  music,  love  and 
flowers.  The  grand  stand  was  fairly  crowded  with  them,  all 
gay,  happy  and  delighted.  Is^o  florist's  exhibition  or  pet  green- 
house ever  was  more  resplendent  in  brilliancy  or  variety  of  col- 
oring. The  rainbow,  under  most  favorable  circumstances,  would 
have  suffered  defeat  if  brought  in  comparison ;  even  our  match- 


4:00  THE    HOKSE. 

less  autumn  forest  tints  would  have  been  compelled  to  yield  the 
pahn.  The  dresses  were  gorgeous,  the  bonnets  and  hats  were 
superb,  and  the  shawls  and  mantillas  were  exquisite.  The  taste 
displayed,  tlie  harmonizing  of  the  coloring,  and  the  stylishness 
and  fit  of  the  costumes  could  not  have  been  excelled,  nor  prob- 
ably equalled,  in  any  portion  of  the  world.  What  person  could 
look  upon  such  a  scene,  thickly  interspersed  with  innumerable 
beautiful  faces  of  every  class  and  type,  without  unbounded  feel- 
ings of  delight,  save  perhaps  he  be  a  woman-hater  ?  Bah !  we 
cannot  believe  that  such  exist ;  but  still,  if  such  be,  lynch  law 
should  immediately  be  meted  to  him. 

The  Races  have  passed,  but  we  may  safely  predict  that  not  a 
single  visitor  will  forget  the  happy,  pleasant,  delightful  days 
that  they  enjoyed  during  its  continuance ;  and  when  years,  with 
their  steadily  increasing  stride,  sprinkle  our  heads  with  gray 
hairs,  or  our  now  upright  figures  become  stooped  with  the  pas- 
sage of  time,  one  bright  spot  in  the  reminiscences  of  the  past  will 
still  be  left  us,  the  first  race-meeting  of  the  American  Jockey 
Club. 

Jerome  Park,  Sept.  29th,  186G.— The  Grand  National  Eace,  a  dash  of  two  and  three-quarter 

miles ;  a  free  handicap. 
John  Hunter  entered  Travers  and  Osgood's  b.  h.  Kentucky,  by  Lexington,  dam  Magnolia, 

5  years,  to  carry  134  lbs. 1 

J.  S.  Watson  entered  Aldebaran,  by  Commodore,  dam  Nannie  Lewis,  6  years,  105  lbs.  .  2 
O.  McCoun  entered  M.  H.  Sandford's  b.  m.  Nannie  Butler,  by  Lexington,  dam  Tokay, 

5  years,  100  lbs ...       3 

J.  S.  Watson  entered  ch.  c.  Onward,  by  Ringgold,  dam  My  Lady,  4  years,  104  lbs.  ,  .  4 
D.  McDaniels  entered  b.  h.  Luther,  by  Lexington,  dam  Belle  Lewis,  4  years,  100  lbs.  .  5 
P.  C,  Bush  entered  Messrs.  Forbes  and  Jerome's  ch.  h.  Fleetwing,  by  imp.  Balrownie,  dam 
Ehoda,  6  years,  112  lbs. ;  drawn.  John  Hunter  entered  Messrs.  Travers  and  Osgood's  b.  h. 
Areola,  by  Lexington,  dam  Topaz,  6  years,  110  lbs. ;  drawn.    E.  B.  Forbes,  jr..  entered  br.  h. 

Climax,  by  imp.  Balrownie,  aged,  107  lbs. ;  drawn.    Mr. entered  bl.  h.  Blackbird,  by 

imp.  Albion,  aged,  107  lbs. ;  c'.rawn.  Dennis  Eeedy  entered  br.  h.  Zigzag,  by  Euric,  dam 
Zenith,  8  years,  105  lbs. ;  drawn.  J.  W.  Weldon  entered  b.  h.  Leatherlungs,  by  Lesiugton,  dam 
Gosamer,  0  years,  103  lbs. ;  drawn.  J.  S.  Watson  entered  b.  c.  Delaware,  by  Einggold,  dam 
Ariel,  4  years,  104  lbs. ;  drawn.    Col.  McDaniels  entered  b.  c.  Julius,  by  Lexington,  dam  Julia, 

4  years,  102  lbs. ;   drawn.    W.  Kerwin  entered  ch.  h.  Citadel,  by  Mahomet,  dam  Prunella, 

5  years,  100  lbs. ;  drawn.  T.  B.  Eeed  entered  Forbes  and  Jerome's  Trovatore,  by  imp. 
Monarch,  dam  Madonna,  aged,  100  lbs. ;  drawn.  J.  W.  Weldon  entered  ch.  c.  Tom  Woolfolk, 
by  Lexington,  dam  Floride,  3  years,  82  lbs. ;  drawn. 

Betting :  Kentucky  at  nearly  4  to  1  against  the  field. 

At  the  start,  Onward  at  once  cut  out  the  work,  and  M'itli  a 
will  went  to  the  front  at  a  shai'p  pace.  A  quarter  of  a  mile 
passed,  and  the  horses  had  settled  to  distinct  places.  As  they 
entered  on  the  reverse  curve,  Onwfird  led,  Luther  second,  Alde- 
baran third,  Kentucky  fourth,  and  Xnnnie  last.     No  change  of 


KENTUCKY.  401 

position  occuiTed  as  they  whirled  round  the  far  curve  and  came 
to  the  head  of  the  straight  run  to  the  stand.  Onward  made 
telhng  running,  leading  the  lot  by  twenty  lengths.  The  rest  all 
lay  in  a  huddle,  pacing  along  at  an  easy  rate — all  save  Kentucky 
watching  each  other ;  but  he  waiting  at  ease.  Gayly  he  strode 
along  under  a  heavy  pull,  carrying  his  heavy  weight  as  a 
feather.  In  an  instant  they  sweep  up  to  the  Grand  Stand ;  in 
another  they  have  swept  by  it,  and  are  dashing  away  into  the 
second  mile.  The  whole  air  of  the  race  showed  that  there  were 
only  two  foemen  in  that  field,  Kentucky  and  Aldebaran ;  there 
was  no  chance  for  any  other.  Onward  was  winning  a  quick 
career  in  the  front,  Luther  and  Nannie  a  slow  and  laboring  one 
in  the  rear.  As  they  enter  the  second  mile  the  pace  quickens, 
and  Luther,  outstridden,  gives  back  and  loses  his  second  place. 
Into  it  Aldebaran  moved,  and  dwelt  there  a  furlong,  when  Kil- 
patrick,  his  jockey — whose  game  was  to  wait — pulled  him  to 
the  rear,  and  Kentucky  went  up  to  second  position.  At  the 
quarter  pole  Onward  was  blazing  away  in  the  front,  Kentucky 
striding  along  under  a  heavy  pull  second,  Aldebaran  third, 
Luther  fourth,  and  Nannie  fifth.  This  position  seemed  to  suit 
all  so  well,  that  they  did  not  change  thence  to  the  end  of  the 
mile.  At  its  finish  all  closed  up,  and  the  field  came  to  the 
stand  in  a  crowd.  A  mile  yet  lies  before  them — a  trying  and 
decisive  mile. 

In  it  the  battle  must  be  won ;  in  it  honor  gained ;  in  it  a 
battle  lost  and  honor  lost.  "Watch  the  horses.  See  how  the 
noble  Kentucky  bears  himself.  Who  can  doubt  that  his  pennant 
shall  stream  in  the  van  at  its  close.  A  rare  good  one, — none 
stride  like  him.  Ilis  gait  is  all  ease,  that  of  his  foes  all  labor. 
His  all  in  hand,  Avith  vast  power  untasked ;  his  foes  have  little 
left  unused.  They  have  swept  round  the  north  turn ;  they 
are  at  the  first  quarter  post.  Littlefield  calls  on  his  horse.  At 
once,  and  with  the  speed  of  a  flash,  he  moves  on.  Onward ;  one 
has  hardly  looked  at  him  ere  he  has  caught  him,  collared,  passed 
him,  and  is  in  the  lead.  A  shout  rent  the  air — the  gallant  Ken- 
tucky is  the  favorite  of  all ;  all  hail  to  his  prowess  as  he  comes 
to  the  front.  A  word  did  it.  Kentucky  strode  away — no  whip, 
no  spur,  scarring  his  glossy  coat ;  they  were  not  needed.  Called 
on,  he  answered  back.  See  how  he  strides  away ;  see  how  he 
Vol.  L— 26 


402  THE   HORSE. 

masters  his  great  weight ;  see  his  matchless  power.  With 
alternately  pricked  and  playing  ear;  with  open  mouth,  and 
even,  steady  stride,  he  speeds  with  the  swiftness  of  a  meteor  over 
his  gromid.  Ah,  but  it  is  a  pleasure,  intense  indeed,  to  see  such 
power,  such  self-command,  such  execution.  Here  are  no  falter- 
ing, no  dwelling,  no  laboring,  but  all  is  ease.  Who  would  not 
be  excited  ?     Who  would  not  shout  applause  ? 

Once  in  front,  Kentucky  hurried  the  pace,  and  made  the  race 
a  rapid  one.  At  the  half-mile  pole  he  was  the  foremost ;  and 
he  and  Aldebaran  moved  away  from  the  rest  as  if  by  a  spell  of 
magic.  Sweeping  round  the  last  turn,  they  were  all  alone— the 
only  combatants.  Though  there  could  be  no  doubt  as  to  the 
issue,  yet  Aldebaran  forced  the  odds  against  him,  and  manfully 
and  gallantly  strode  every  yard  with  rare  game  and  footily. 
Strive  as  he  would,  it  was  all  in  vain ;  hurry  the  pace  as  he 
would,  that  but  roused  the  gallant  leader  to  a  quicker  rate.  On, 
on  they  rush ;  and  all  the  crowd  of  gazers  grow  silent  in  their 
intense  interest.  Every  eye  is  strained  to  see  the  noble  steeds 
as  they  near  the  stand.  Kushingly  they  come,  and  excitement 
makes  breathless  all  the  multitude.  Ere  one  could  think,  they 
covered  all  the  ground.  Past  the  grand  stand  they  rush  ;  on  to 
tlie  winning  goal  they  go ;  past  it  they  sweep — down  drops  the 
flag — the  race  is  over !  and  Kentucky  is  the  winner.  Time — 
three-quarter  mile,  1:21| ;  one  and  three-quarter  miles,  3:15; 
two  and  three-quarter  miles,  5:04. 

Again  the  wild  and  excited  multitude,  who  but  a  moment 
since  were  dumb  in  expecting  silence,  were  now  making  the 
welkin  ring  with  a  mighty  shout  of  realizing  joy.  The  favorite 
had  won,  and  glad  hearts  were  happy  in  his  success.  Who 
could  not  enjoy  such  a  scene !  Who  would  not  applaud  such  a 
triumph?  Still  Kentucky  stands  the  foremost  horse.  Long 
may  his  star  be  ascendant !  l^ever  may  his  banner  wave  but  in 
the  front,  stainless  and  triumphant ! 

Mr.  Leonard  W.  Jerome  purchased  Kentucky  shortly  after 
his  last  race  at  Jerome  Park,  for  $40,000 ;  and  he  made  the 
season  of  1867  at  Chas.  Bathgate's,  Jerome  Park,  Eordham, 
Westchester  county,  N.  Y.,  at  $250  a  season. 


KENTUCKY. 


403 


During  tlie  fall  of  186T  the  following  matcli  was  made  and 
run  over  the  track  at  Jerome  Park : — 

Jerome  Park,  Thursday,  Oct.  17, 1867— A  match  for  $3000  a  side,  half  forfeit ;  Kentucky  against 

time.    To  run  four  mOes  in  7:20. 
L.  W.  Jerome's  b.  h.  Kentucky,  6  years  old,  by  Lexington,  dam  Magnolia,  by  imp.  Glencoe, 

120  lbs.    Lost. 

TtSTE. 

First  mile 1:48 

Second  mile 1:48 

Third  mile 1:53 

Fourth  mile 2:02^ 

7:31} 

The  following  description  of  the  race  is  taken  from  the  "  Turf, 
Field,  and  Farm,"  Oct.  2Gtl],  1867 : 

KENTUCKY   AGAINST   TIME. 

Thursday,  October  17th,  was  an  auspicious  day  at  Jerome 
Park.  Kentuc]>:y  ran  his  race  against  time ;  and  the  match  that 
we  first  gave  to  the  public  had  been  discussed  so  often  in  every 
part  of  the  country,  that  it  excited  the  deepest  interest,  and  not 
less  than  twenty  thousand  people  were  present  to  witness  it.  The 
failure  of  Kentucky  was  acknowledged  with  deep  regret,  especially 
by  the  ladies,  who  worship  him  as  an  ideal  horse.  His  proud 
carriage,  as  he  appeared  on  the  course  prior  to  the  race,  seemed 
to  presage  victory,  and  the  thousands  in  the  grand  stand  greeted 
him  with  an  enthusiastic  outburst  of  applause.  The  day  was  all 
that  could  be  asked — the  loveliest  of  October,  the  softest  of 
glorious,  golden-tinted  autumn.  Kentucky — though  a  little  too 
high  in  flesh,  and  full  in  the  flank,  his  body  not  being  rounded 
up,  like  last  Fall,  when  he  beat  Idlewild,  Onward  and  Fleetwing 
— appeared  to  be  in  good  condition,  and  his  friends  were  sanguine 
that  he  would  win.  "When  Littlefield  mounted  him  for  the  start, 
forty  thousand  eye's  rested  upon  him,  and  ]ie  was  the  object  of 
the  most  intense  interest  to  twenty  thousand  people.  He  passed 
the  score  on  a  full  run,  led  by  one  of  his  stable  companions,  the 
fleet-footed  De  Courcey.  Kentucky  ran  with  perfect  ease,  his 
graceful,  free,  far-reaching  stride  inspiring  his  backers  with  the 
utmost  confidence.  The  first  mile  was  made  in  1:48,  and  the 
second  in  the  same  time.  At  the  beginning  of  the  third  mile 
Kentucky  still  seemed  fresh,  and  De  Courcey  was  now  relieved 
by  Clara  Clarita.     Gallantly  she  led  him  around  the  right  bend, 


404  THE    IIOKSE. 

and  opposite  tlie  Club-house  Luther  was  let  loose,  and  joined  in 
the  race.  And  right  here  the  mischief  was  done.  Kentucky 
was  excited  by  the  rush  of  Luther  to  the  front,  and  he  was  per- 
mitted to  brush  with  him.  lie  had  been  going  at  a  fearful  rate 
of  speed,  and  the  extra  strain  was  more  than  nature  could  stand. 
The  brush  taxed  the  respiratory  organs  too  severely ;  the  demand 
exceeded  the  supply,  and  the  overbalance  led  to  disastrous  con- 
sequences. Kentucky  began  to  show  signs  of  distress  before 
reaching  the  third  quarter,  and  he  closed  the  mile  in  1:53 — an 
evident  falling-oif  of  speed.  Redwing  was  started  to  lead  him 
the  fourth  mile,  and  the  noble  horse  sprang  gallantly  after  her, 
though  laboring  most  perceptibly.  To  the  careful  observer  it 
was  now  apparent  that  Time  would  triumph.  At  the  half  mile 
Kentucky's  gallop  was  irregular,  and  around  the  turn  below  the 
Club-house  he  attempted  to  bolt,  but  was  straightened  and  urged 
forward  by  Littlefield.  Coming  down  the  homa  stretch  the  whip 
was  freely  applied,  and  he  passed  under  the  string  in  7:31 1,  a 
loser  of  the  race  by  llf  seconds.  Although  the  day  was  fine, 
and  the  horse  in  fair  condition,  he  was  badly  managed  in  the 
race.  The  Urst  two  miles  were  run  in  3:36,  a  killing  rate  of 
speed.  The  horse  was  outpaced,  and  all  chances  of  success  de- 
stroyed. Had  he  run  the  first  mile  in  1:48,  and  the  second  in 
1:51,  and  have  been  kept  at  a  regular  gait  on  the  third  mile,  the 
result  might  have  been  different.  Lexington,  in  his  famous  race 
against  time,  ran  the  first  mile  in  1:47^,  the  second  in  1:52|,  the 
third  in  1:51 1,  and  the  fourth  in  1:4S|.  He  was  not  outpaced  in 
the  first  half  of  the  race,  but  by  careful  riding  held  strength  in 
reserve  and  was  able  to  keep  up  his  high  rate  of  speed  to  the 
end.  Kentucky  carried  seventeen  pounds  more  than  his  sire  did, 
and  he  labored  under  the  disadvantage  of  running  over  a  slower 
track.  But  notwithstanding  his  mismanagement  we  doubt  very 
much  if  Kentucky  could  have  performed  the  great  feat  before 
him  on  Thursday  the  ITth,  in  the  specified  time.  Undoubtedly 
he  could  have  made  a  better  finish  under  ditferent  control,  but 
we  incline  to  the  opinion  that  he  was  not  seasoned  to  carry  120 
lbs.  and  run  four  miles  in  seven  minutes  and  twenty  seconds. 
He  may  be  able  to  do  it  next  year  at  Saratoga,  but  it  was  out  of 
the  question  for  him  to  do  it  at  Jerome  Park,  after  making  a 
season  in  the  stud,  this  October.      Though  failing,  he  proved 


KENTUCKY  8  PERFORMANCES. 


405 


himself  a  great  liorse.  Three  miles  in  5:29  with  such  a  heavy 
weight,  is  an  extraordinary  performance.  The  result  of  this 
match  against  time  has  revived,  in  a  measure,  interest  in  the 
celebrated  Asteroid  and  Kentucky  controversy.  Asteroid  is  now 
strong  again,  and  as  he  is  to  be  trained  next  year,  parties  are 
anxious  to  make  a  match  between  him  and  Kentucky  for  the 
summer  of  1868.  The  proposition,  doubtless,  will  be  widely 
canvassed  dm-ing  the  coming  winter.  Asteroid,  it  is  asserted, 
ran  a  fom'-mile  trial  over  the  Woodlawn  course,  at  Louisville, 
carrying  weight  for  age,  in  7:23|.  His  unfortunate  injury  at 
Jerome  Park,  last  autumn,  was  a  great  disappointment  to  the 
public,  and  a  strong  desire  is  now  manifested  to  see  him  in  a 
four-mile  race  with  such  a  distinguished  champion  and  worthy 
foeman  as  Kentucky. 

SUMIVIART   OF   KENTUCKY'S   PERFORMANCES. 


In  1863,  started  once,  won  once. 

Paterson,  N.  J.— Sweepstakes  for  2-year-olds 


$900.00 


In  1864,  started  seven  times,  won  six. 

Paterson,  N.  J.— Sequel  Stakes  for  3-year-olds     . 

Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.— The  Travers'  Stake  for  3-year-old8 

Same  Meeting — Sweepstakes  for  S-year-olds 

Paterson,  N.  J. — The  Jersey  St.  Leger  for  3-year-olds 

Same  Meeting— The  Sequel  Stakes  for  3-year-olds 

Same  Meeting-A  Match,  two  mile  heats      .... 


1200.00 
2500.00 
1750,00 
2350.00 
950.00 
5750,00 


In  1865,  started  seven  times,  won  seven. 

Paterson,  N.  J.— Purse  for  all  ages,  two  mile  heats 

Same  Meeting— Purse  for  all  ages,  three  mile  heats     . 

Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.— The  Saratoga  Cup,  2^  miles,  for  aU  ages 

Same  Meeting— Purse,  dash  four  miles— walked  over 

Paterson,  N.  J.— Purse  for  all  ages,  two  mile  heats     . 

Same  Meeting— Purse  for  all  ages,  dash  three  miles 

Same  Meeting— Purse  for  all  ages,  three  mile  heats 


600.00 
1000.00 
1900.00 
1000.00 
500.00 
400.00 
700.00 


In  1836,  started  seven  times,  won  seven. 
Paterson,  N.  J.— Purse  for  all  ages,  two  mile  heats     . 
Same  Meeting— Purse  for  all  ages,  three  mile  dash 
Same  Meeting— Purse  for  all  ages,  three  mile  heats     . 
Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.— Saratoga  Cup,  2^  miles 
Same  Meeting— Purse  for  all  ages,  dash  of  four  miles 
Jerome  Park,  N.  Y.— Inauguration  Stake,  four  mile  heats 
Same  Meeting— The  Grand  National  Race,  2^  miles    . 


600.00 
500.00 
100.000 
2300.00 
1000.00 
7100.00 
1950.00 


In  1357,  started  once,  lost  once. 
Jerome  Park— A  Match  against  time. 


St.arted  24  times,  won  23,  lost  3. 


Total  winning 


$-■25,950.00 


406  THE    H02SE. 

Kentucky  was  placed  in  tlie  stud  again  in  1868,  and  was 
purchased  by  August  Belmont,  Esq.,  shortly  after  his  time  race, 
for  §40,000.  He  has  been  used  as  a  private  stallion  ever  since 
by  Mr.  Belmont  at  the  Nursery  Stud  Farm,  near  Babylon,  Long 
Island.  Like  Asteroid,  the  oldest  of  Kentucky  colts  are  two- 
year-olds,  too  young  to  form  an  estimate  of  his  success  as  a  stal- 
lion. Magnolia's  produce  have  been  as  a  rule  generally  success- 
ful upon  the  turf.  Magic  was  a  fair  filly  and  won  two  of  her 
stakes  as  a  three-year.  Madeline  raced  in  Michigan  with  much 
success,  but  is  better  known  as  the  dam  of  Maggie  B.  B.  Ma- 
donna ran  many  races  with  various  success.  Charley  Ball  was 
a  very  fine  colt,  running  a  second  heat  at  Lexington,  in  1854,  in 
1 :45f ,  the  fastest  mile  at  that  time  ever  made  over  the  course. 
He  ran  many  races  South,  and  won  some  at  three  miles.  Prince- 
ton was  a  very  fine  racer  and  ran  at  all  distances.  Charley  Mor- 
gan and  Hanover  were  indififerent.  Daniel  Boone,  like  his  full 
brother,  was  a  splendid  horse,  thought  by  many  to  be  fully  equal 
to  Kentucky.  He  beat  the  celebrated  Planet  at  Isew  Orleans 
two  mile  heats  in  3:38^ — 3:36|,  the  best  race  at  that  day.  He  is 
now  the  property  of  that  princely  turfman,  Wm.  Cottrill,  Esq.,  of 
Mobile,  Ala.,  and  promises  to  be  as  successful  in  the  stud  as  on 
the  turf.  Simon  Kenton  was  a  poor  race-horse,  better  known  as 
tlie  sire  of  the  successful  hurdler  and  steeple-chaser  Bohannon. 
Skedaddle  was  quite  successful  upon  the  turf  and  won  the  great 
Boatsman  stake,  mile  heats  three  in  five,  at  St.  Louis,  beating  Sue 
Lewis  and  a  large  field.  Her  first  foal.  Saucebox,  by  Star  Davis, 
promises  highly.  Gilroy  was  very  fast,  but  only  moderate  upon 
the  turf  He  is  standing  in  Kentucky.  Victory  is  a  fine  race- 
horse, very  fast,  but  very  uncertain  in  temper,  especially  in  start- 
ing. That  Kentucky  will  be  a  great  success  as  a  sire,  we  have 
no  doubt,  if  properly  mated.  His  fine  breeding,  unexceptionable 
action,  and  success  upon  the  turf,  if  "  like  begets  like,"  will  make 
him  take  rank  as  one  of  the  most  valuable  sons  of  the  bhnd  hero 
of  Woodburn 


IMPOKTED    LEAMINGTON.  407 


IMPOETED    LEAMmGTOK 

Leamington  was  bred  by  Mr.  Halford,  of  England ;  imported 
to  America  in  1865  by  R.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  Clifton  Stud 
Farm,  Staten  Island,  ]N".  Y. ;  now  the  property  of  A.  Welch, 
Esq.,  Chestnut  Hill,  Philadelphia,  Penn.  By  Faugh-a-Ballagh. 
1st  dam  by  Pantaloon ;  2d  dam  Daphne,  by  Laurel ;  3d  dam 
Maid  of  Honor,  by  Champion ;  4:th  dam  Etiquette,  by  Orville ; 
5th  dam  Boadicea,  by  Alexander ;  6th  dam  Brunette,  by 
Amaranthus ;  7th  dam  Mayfly,  by  Matchem ;  8th  dam  by 
Ancaster  Starling ;  9th  dam  by  Grasshopper ;  10th  dam  by  Su* 
M.  ^N'ewton's  Arabian ;  11th  dam  by  Pert ;  12th  dam  by  St. 
Martins ;  13th  dam  by  Sir  E,  Hale's  Arabian ;  14th  dam  the 
Old  Field  mare. 

Faugh-a-Ballagh,  the  sire  of  Leamington,  bred  by  Mr.  G. 
Knox,  in  1841,  was  a  full  brother  to  the  celebrated  Irish  Bird- 
catcher,  by  Sir  Hercules,  out  of  Guiccioli,  by  Bob  Booty ;  Flight, 
by  Irish  Escape;  Young  Heroine,  by  Bagot;  Heroine  (Tom 
Turf's  dam),  by  Hero ;  Snap,  sister  to  Eegulus,  etc.,  etc. 

Faugh-a-Ballagh  appeared  once  as  a  two-year-old,  and  ran 
third  for  the  Champagne  Stakes  at  Doncaster,  won  by  The 
Cure.  As  a  three-year-old  started  seven  times,  won  four,  lost 
one,  received  forfeit  once,  and  paid  forfeit  once.  "Won  the 
Great  Doncaster  St.  Leger,  beating  The  Cure,  The  Princess, 
and  six  others.  At  same  meeting  over  St.  Leger  Course  beat 
Corranna,  a  match  for  £1000;  ISTewmarket  won  the  Grand 
Duke  Michael  Stakes,  beating  Red  Deer  and  three  others; 
Newmarket  won  the  Cesarewitch  Stakes,  beating  Lightning, 
and  twenty  others ;  JSTewmarket  ran  second  to  Evenus,  for  the 
Cambridgeshire  Stakes;  l^ewmarket  received  150  sovs.  com- 
promise from  Alice  Hawthorn  Ditch— in  500,  200  ft. ;  :N"ew- 


408  THE   HOESE. 

market  paid  forfeit  100  sovs.  Ditch — in  to  Lord  G.  Bentinck's 
Nawortb.  As  a  four-year-old  at  Ascot  ran  second  to  the 
Emperor  for  a  piece  of  plate,  value  500  sovs. — the  gift  of  his 
Majesty  the  Emperor  of  all  the  Kussias — Alice  Hawthorn  third, 
Cowl  fourth. 

He  was  placed  at  the  stud  the  following  year,  and  sired  some 
good  stock  in  England — ^Leamington  the  best.  Cestrea,  Ethel- 
wolf,  Ginger,  Le  Juif,  Mary  Ann,  Morning  Star,  Pole  Star, 
Tom  Burke,  Berage,  Garibaldi,  Hibernia,  The  Hadji,  Master 
Bagot  and  Bosa  Bonheur  are  amongst  the  best  of  his  get  in 
England.  In  1855  he  was  exported  to  France,  where  he  added 
renewed  luster  to  his  name  as  the  sire  of  Fille  de  I'Air,  Fontenoy, 
Jarnicoton,  Armagnac,  and  others. 

The  Pantaloon  mare,  the  dam  of  Leamington,  has  no  turf 
career.     The  following  is  a  list  of  her  produce : — 

1849— br.  c.  Prosperous,  by  Launcelot Mr.  E.  Allen. 

1850— br.  c.  John  Bull,  by  Falstaff " 

1851— missed  to  ditto Mr.  Halford. 

1852— ch.  f.  Myi-tle,  by  Sweetmeat " 

1853— br.  c.  Leamington,  by  Faugh-a-Ballagh " 

1854 — br.  c.  Goldwater,  by  Sweetmeat " 

1855— b.  f.  Sweet  Pretty  Pet,  by  Flatcatcher " 

1856— br.  c.  Vault,  by  Vatican " 

1858— br.  c.  Milverton,  by  Loup-garou " 

Barren  in  1857,  and  died  in  1859,  in  foal  to  Alonzo. 

Pantaloon,  chestnut  colt,  foaled  in  1824,  bred  by  Mr. 
Gifford.  By  Castrel,  out  of  Idalia  by  Peruvian,  her  dam 
Musidora,  sister  to  Meteora,  by  Meteor,  out  of  Maid-of-all- 
Work,  etc.  Pantaloon  ran  seven  times  as  a  three-year-old,  and 
won  six,  came  in  first  for  the  seventh,  but  was  declared  distanced 
from  loss  of  weight.  This  ended  his  turf  career.  He  is  better 
known  as  a  sire.  His  blood  is  still  held  in  England  of  the 
highest  repute.  During  his  stud  career  he  sired  some  first-class 
animals,  such  as  The  Drone,  Cardinal  PuflT,  Ghuznee,  the  winner  of 
the  Oaks  in  1841 ;  Satirist,  winner  of  the  St.  Leger  in  1841 ;  Jocose, 
the  dam  of  Maccaroni,  the  sire  of  Macgregor ;  Leger-de-main,  the 
winner  of  the  Cesarewitch  in  1849,  and  the  dam  of  Toxopholite, 
Elthiron,  Van  Amburgh,  Juvenal,  Morpeth,  The  Libel,  Clarissa, 
Caprice,  Slander,  Pantalonade,  the  dam  of  The  Prime  Minister, 


IMPORTED   LEAMINGTON.  409 

tlie  sire  of  Tlie  Kniglit  of  the  Garter,  Hernandez,  Odiham,  Medal, 
Fair  Helen,  the  dam  of  Lord  of  the  Isles,  winner  of  the  two 
thousand  guineas  in  1855,  and  the  sire  of  Dundee,  and  the  two 
brothers  Hobbie  Noble  and  "Windhound,  the  latter  the  sire  of 
Thormanby,  considered  the  best  young  sire  in  England. 


DESCEIPTION    or   LEAlVnNGTON. 

Leamington,  a  dark-brown  horse,  foaled  1853,  full  16  hands 
1  inch  high.  He  has  a  beautiful  head  and  neck,  fine  eyes  and 
good  shoulders,  fine  back,  great  length,  and  as  fine  from  the 
point  of  the  hip  to  the  whirlbone,  and  from  thence  back  to  the 
hock,  as  any  horse  in  the  country.  With  a  very  round  barrel, 
it  gives  him  the  appearance  of  a  light  middle  piece.  We  think 
his  hind  leg  a  pattern,  and  he  is  best  there,  where  many  of  the 
English  horses  are  deficient.  He  has  most  excellent  bone; 
his  right  hind  foot,  from  the  hoof  to  the  pastern,  is  white, 
and  a  large  white  star  sets  ofi"  his  expressive  and  blood-like 
head. 

R,  H.  Copperthwaite,  Esq.,  in  his  book  "  The  Turf,  Eace 
Horse,  and  Stud  Farm,"  thus  expresses  himself  about  Leaming- 
ton : 

'  A  dark-brown  horse,  with  a  white  star,  eleven  yeai'S  old, 
by  Faugh-a-Baliagh ;  dam  by  Pantaloon ;  her  dam  Daphne  by 
Laurel. 

"  He  is  one  of  the  best  representatives  of  what  a  race-horse 
ought  to  be,  with  great  length,  racing  points  all  over,  and  won- 
derful propelling  power,  and  position  of  his  hind-quarters  being 
perfection,  and  such  as  cannot  fail,  at  a  glance,  to  strike  the  eye. 
In  his  general  formation  and  appearance,  he  somewhat  resembles 
his  sire,  and  in  many  respects  Buccaneer,  although  more  com- 
manding in  his  general  style,  being,  in  fact,  a  perfect  specimen 
of  the  fine  slashing  race-horse — ^just  what  might  be  expected 
from  his  relationship  to  Pantaloon,  whose  descendants  invariably 
present  such  an  appearance.  His  sire's  fame  is  world-wide ; 
indeed,  by  many  he  is  believed  to  have  been  the  best  horse  ever 
foaled — a  question  which  no  doubt  admits  of  serious  considera- 


410  THE   IIOESE. 

tion  as  well  as  doubt.  Be  tliat  as  it  may,  that  Leamington  looks 
all  over  a  fine  model  of  a  race-liorse — that  he  proved  himself 
(which  is  better  than  mere  appearance,  which  is  often  a  fallacy) 
a  genuine  first-class  animal,  as  well  as  a  perfectly  sound  wear- 
and-tear  one,  cannot  be  denied ;  for  although  his  name  is  not 
recorded  among  the  Blue  Kiband  or  St.  Leger  winners,  his  per- 
formances justly  entitle  him  to  the  confidence  and  support  of 
breeders,  which  would  be  badly  rewarded  by  patronizing,  as  a 
rule,  some  of  the  winners  of  those  great  events;  for  although 
the  Derby,  Oaks,  and  St.  Leger  may  be  generally  very  good 
tests  of  quality,  it  by  no  means  follows  that  there  are  not,  in 
many  instances,  far  better  horses  of  the  year  than  the  winners — 
some  never  even  entered.  Taking  into  consideration  the  fact 
that  the  country  has  lost  his  sire,  Leamington  must  be  looked  to 
as  the  most  promising  son  of  that  renowned  animal  best  qualified 
to  fill  his  place,  and  uphold  untarnished  the  prestige  of  his  an- 
cestors, which,  with  a  fair  and  reasonable  chance,  there  can 
hardly  be  a  doubt  he  will  do,  for  he  is  from  head  to  tail  a 
'  noble,  fine  animal,'  and  one  most  likely  yet  to  stand  at  the 
same  figure  as  his  relative,  Irisli  Birdcatcher.  The  fact  that  he 
has  the  Pantaloon  blood  in  his  veins  is  an  additional  recommen- 
dation, for  it  is  questionable  if  there  flows  in  any  animal  better ; 
the  very  best  runners  and  the  grandest  specimens  of  the  noble 
thoroughbred  are  descended  from  Pantaloon.  I  believe  that 
Leamington,  as  viewed  upon  the  race-course,  walking  with  his 
majestic  yet  steady  air,  presents  at  once  the  appearance  of  the 
most  level-made,  lengthy  sample  of  a  race-horse  that  we  have 
seen  for  many  years,  every  shape  and  point  being  where  they 
should  be,  and  his  '  propellers '  always  doing  their  duty,  being 
placed  so  beautifully  for  the  purpose.  Although  his  career  at 
the  stud  has  as  yet  but  commenced,  he  has  begun  well,  and  is, 
to  my  mind,  certain  to  finish  better.  The  running  of  Fille  de 
I'Air,  that  extraordinary  mare  (a  daughter  of  Faugh-a-Ballagh), 
is  further  proof  in  favor  of  the  chance  of  Leamington  proving 
successful." 

This  was  written  a  year  before  his  importation,  and  the  de- 
scription holds  good  to-day.  Mr.  Copperthwaite's  predictions 
as  to  his  value  as  a  sire  have  been  singularly  true  so  far  as 


Leamington's  peefokmances.  411 

America  is  concerned,  as  we  will  have  occasion  to  notice  in  a 
review  of  his  produce. 


Leamington's  performances. 

Warwick,  Monday,  March  19th,  1855— The  Woodcote  Stakes  of  15  bot.  each,  5  ft.,  for  two-year- 
olds  ;  five  furlongs  (7  subscribers). 

Mr.  Hall'ord's  Leamington,  by  Faugh-a-Ballagh,  8  st.  2  lbs 1 

Mr.  Lucas'  b.  f.  Ceres,  7  st.  13  lbs 2 

Mr.  Pell's  ch.  f.  Mavourneen,  8  st.  4  lbs 3 

5  to  4  on  Leamington,  and  6  to  4  against  Ceres.    Won  by  a  length. 

Nottingham,  Thursday,  July  19th,  1855— The  Eobin  Hood  Stakes  of  10  sov.  each,  with  50  added 
for  two-year-olds ;  the  second  saved  bis  stake,  and  the  winner  paid  5  sov.  to  the  fond ; 
T.  Y.  C.  (10  subscribers). 

Mr.  Morris'  b.  f.  Tilly,  by  Planet,  8  st.  7  lbs 1 

Mr.  Halford's  br.  c.  Leamington,  8  st.  7  lbs 2 

Mr.  T.  Taylor's  b.  f ,  by  Slane,  out  of  Ostrogoth's  dam,  8  st.  3  lbs 3 

6  to  5  against  Leamington,  7  to  4  against  Tilly,  and  4  to  1  against  the  Slane  filly.    Won  by  a 

neck,  the  Slane  fiHy  finishing  about  six  lengths  behind  Leamington. 

Same  Meeting,  Friday,  July  20th,  1855— The  Bunney  Park  Stakes  of  10  sov.  each,  h.  ft.,  with 
50  added  for  two-year-olds.    The  winner  paid  5  sov.  to  the  fund ;  T.  Y.  C.  (14  subscribers). 

Mr.  H.  Lewis'  br.  f.  Duet,  by  Jericho,  7  st.  12  lbs 1 

Mr.  J.  Scott's  br.  c.  St.  Domingo,  8  st.  4  lbs 2 

Mr.  Barber's  b.  f.  Miss  Harkaway,  8  st.  3  lbs 3 

Mr.  Copeland's  b.  c.  St.  Dunstan,  8  st 4 

Mr.  Dawson's  Gaudy,  8  st.      .       .  5 

Mr.  Lucas'  Garnet,  7  st.  10  lbs 6 

Mr.  Halford's  Leamington,  8  st.  7  lbs. 7 

5  to  2  against  Leamington,  7  to  2  against  Gaady,  and  5  to  1  against  Duet.  Won  easily  by  a 
length,  two  lengths  between  the  second  and  third. 

York,  Wednesday,  August  22d,  1855 — The  Convivial  Produce  Stakes  of  10  sov.  each,  h.  ft.,  with 
100  added,  for  two-year-old  colts,  8  st.  tj  lbs.,  and  fillies  8  st.  2  lbs. ;  those  got  by  stallions 
or  out  of  mares  which  never  produced  a  winner  allowed  3  lbs.,  and  winners  before  starting 
to  carry  2  lbs.  extra ;  the  ovnier  of  the  second  horse  received  10  per  cent,  out  of  the  stakes, 
and  the  third  saved  his  stake  ;  T.  Y.  C.  (1-39  subscribers). 

Mr.  Bowes'  br.  c.  Fly-by-Night,  by  the  Flying  Dutchman,  8  st.  5  lbs 1 

Mr.  W.  H.  Brooks'  ch.  f.  Manganese,  8  st.  4  lbs 2 

Mr.  Harland's  br.  f.  Mirage,  7  st.  13  lbs 3 

Merlin  8  st.  6  lbs.,  Little  Tibby  8  st.  1  lb.,  Leamington  8  st.  5  lbs.,  Blanche  7  st.  13  lbs.,  Aleppo 
8  St.  8  lbs.,  Alfred  8  st.  6  lbs.,  Adam,  Lord  Glasgow  Birdcatcher  colt,  8  st.  C  lbs.  Mr.  Buck- 
ley's Birdcatcher  flUy,  8  st.  2  lbs.,  started,  but  not  placed. 

7  to  4  against  Fly-by-Night,  9  to  4  against  Aleppo,  6  to  1  against  Mirage,  7  to  1  against 

Merlin,  12  to  1  against  Manganese,  and  100  to  8  against  Prairie  Bird  colt.  Won  by  a 
length,  half  a  length  between  the  second  and  third.  Merlin  was  fourth.  Aleppo  was 
left  at  the  post. 

Derby,  Wednesday,  August  29th,  1855— The  Chesterfield  Stakes  of  50  sov.,  given  by  the  Eight 
Hon.  the  Earl  of  Chesterfield,  added  to  a  sweepstakes  of  10  sov.  each,  h.  ft.,  for  two-year- 
olds  ;  the  owner  of  the  second  horse  saved  his  stake,  and  the  winner  paid  5  sov.  towards 
expenses  ;  about  half  a  mile  (16  subscribers). 

Mr.  Halford's  Leamington,  8  st.  10  lbs 1 

Mr.  E.  Parr's  br.  c.  Stork,  8  st.  12  lbs 2 

Mr.  T.  Taylor's  f.  by  Slane,  out  of  Ostrogoth's  dam,  8  st 3 


412  THE   HOESE. 

Flyaway,  8  st.  8  lbs.,  St.  Dunstan,  8  at.  10  lbs.,  and  Lord  Wilton's  Birdcatcher  filly,  out  of 

Sacrifice,  8  st.  3  lbs.,  started,  but  not  placed. 
5  to  4  against  Stork,  2  to  1  against  Flyaway,  and  8  to  1  each  against  the  Sacrifice  filly  and 

Leamington.    Won  by  a  length  and  a  half,  a  neck  between  the  second  and  third. 


Epsom,  Wednesday,  May  28th,  1856— The  Derby  Stakes  of  50  sov.  each,  h.  ft.,  for  three-year-old 
colts,  8  St.  7  lbs.,  and  fillies  8  st.  2  lbs ;  the  second  received  100  sov.  out  of  the  stake,  and 
the  winner  paid  100  sov.  towards  the  police  and  regulations  of  the  Course,  and  50  sov. 
to  the  judge  ;  one  mile  and  a  half  to  be  run  on  the  New  Course  (211  subscribers). 

Adam  Harcourt's  br.  c.  Ellington,  by  The  Flying  Dutchman 1 

Mr.  Howard's  ch.  c.  Yellow  Jack 2 

Lord  J.  Scott's  b.  c.  Cannobie 3 

Lord  Derby's  b.  c.  Fazzoletto 4 

Coroner,  Bay  Hilton,  Fly-by-Night,  Wandering  Willie,  Leamington,  Aleppo,  Wentworth,  Bird- 
in-Hand,  Forbidden  Fruit,  Vandermulin,  Puek,  Mr.  Verdant  Green,  Artillery,  Astrologue, 
Rogerthorpe,  Pretty  Boy,  Dramatist,  Newington,  Cotswold,  and  The  Prince  started,  but 
were  not  placed. 
5  to  2  against  Fazzoletto,  7  to  2  against  Wentworth,  C  to  1  against  Cannobie,  7  to  1  against  Ar- 
tillery, 12  to  1  against  Fly-by-Night  and  Vandermulin,  15  to  1  against  Yellow  Jack,  20tol 
each  against  Bird-in-Hand  and  Ellington,  25  to  1  against  Puck,  40  to  1  each  against  Bay  Hil- 
ton, Newington,  Rogerthorpe,  and  Coroner,  50  to  1  against  Astrologus,  and  1000  to  10 
against  any  other.  Won  by  a  length,  half  a  length  between  the  second  and  third,  a  length 
and  a  half  between  the  third  and  fourth. 


Newton,  Wednesday,  June  18th,  1856— The  Makerfleld  Handicap  Plate  of  60  sov.,  for  all  ages ; 

winners  after  the  publication  of  the  weights,  5  lbs.  extra ;  half  a  mUe. 

Mr.  Merone's  br.  c.  Biron,  by  Touchstone,  4  years  old,  7  st.  5  lbs 1 

Mr.  Copeland's  b.  c.  St.  Dunstan,  3  years,  5  st.  9  lbs 2 

Mr.  Hahbrd's  br.  c.  Leamington,  3  years,  6  st.  8  lbs. 3 

Eleven  others  started,  but  were  not  placed. 

5  to  2  against  Leamington,  4  to  1  against  Bubble,  5  to  1  against  Biron,  and  10  to  1  against 

Chore  Petite.    Won  by  a  neck,  the  same  between  second  and  third. 


Same  Meeting,  Thursday,  June  19th,  1856— The  great  Newton  Handicap  Plate  of  200  sov.  added 

to  a  sweepstakes  of  5  sov.  each  ;  the  second  to  receive  20  sov.  out  of  the  stakes  ;  one  mUe 

and  a  half  (44  subscribers). 

Mr.  E.  Parr's  ch.  g.  Aladdin  (late  Go-away),  5  years,  7  st 1 

Mr.  J.  Whittaker's  b.  c.  Van  Dunck,  3  years,  5  st.  3  lbs 2 

Mr.  Halford's  b.  c.  Goldhill,  3  years,  6  st.  10  lbs 3 

Mr.  J.  H.  Smith's  ch.  c.  Midhope,  3  years,  5  st.  13  lbs 4 

The  Heir  of  Linne,  Berezina,  Leamington,  Dr.  Ginkel,  Bubble,  and  St.  Dunstan  started,  but 

not  placed. 
3  to  1  each  against  the  Heir  of  Linne  and  Midhope,  5  to  1  against  Goldhill,  6  to  1  against  Van 

Dunck,  8  to  1  against  Aladdin,  10  to  1  against  Leamington,  and  20  to  1  against  Dr.  Ginkel. 

Won  by  a  length,  two  lengths  between  the  second  and  third,  a  bad  fourth. 


Same  Meeting,  Friday,  June  20th,  1856— The  Manor  Handicap  Plate  of  GO  sov.,  for  all  ages; 
winners  after  the  weights  are  published  5  lbs.,  or  the  winner  of  the  Makerfleld  or  Gars- 
wood  Handicap,  7  lbs. ;  of  both  these  handicaps,  10  lbs.  estra  ;  half  a  mile. 

Mr.  J.  Henderson's  br.  {.  Janet  Pride,  by  lago,  3  years,  5  st.  10  lbs 1 

Mr.  Morris's  b.  m.  Comfort,  5  years,  8  St.  10  lbs 2 

Mr.  Halford's  br.  c.  Leamington,  3  years,  5  st.  10  lbs 3 

Mr.  Copeland's  b.  c.  St.  Dunstan,  3  years,  5  st.  10  lbs 4 

Biron,  L' Addis.  Leyburn  Lass,  Chere  Petite,  and  Jack  Spring  started,  but  not  placed. 
2  to  1  against  Comfort,  4  to  1  against  Janet  Pride,  and  6  to  1  against  any  other.    Won  by  a 
length,  the  same  between  the  second  and  third. 


ll|11i!'i3''!j"C!"''f!''!iijE'P'!'*iiir' 


m 


Leamington's  pekfoemances.  413 

Wolverhampton,  Monday,  Aug.  11th,  185G— The  Trial  Stakes  (handicap)  of  5  bov.  each,  with 
50  added ;  1  mile  (11  subscribers). 

Mr.  Copelaud's  St.  Dunstan,  3  years,  5  st.  8  lbs 1 

Mr.  Stevens'  Elfrida,  3  years,  5  st.  10  lbs.  .        .  2 

Mr.  Newcome's  ch.  c.  Obscurity,  3  years,  5  st 3 

Mr.  E.  Parr's  Leamington,  3  years,  6  st .4 

5  to  4  on  Leamington,  3  to  1  against  Elfrida,  and  4  to  1  against  St.  Dunstan.    Won  by  a  half 

length,  a  head  between  the  second  and  third. 

Same  Meeting,  Wednesday,  Aug.  13th,  1850— The  Wrotterby  Stakes  of  10  sov.  each,  h.  ft.,  with 
50  added,  for  two  and  three-year-olds ;  half  mile. 

Mr.  E.  Parr's  Leamington,  3  years,  8  st.  12  lbs 1 

Mr.  J.  Dawson's  Harrie,  2  years,  7  st.  2  lbs 3 

Mr.  Eastwood's  f.  by  Chatham,  2  years,  est.  12  lbs 3 

Mr.  Crump's  Typhon,  3  years,  8  St.  12  lbs. 4 

6  to  4  on  Harrie,  5  to  2  against  Typhon,  and  10  to  1  against  Leamington.    Won  by  a  head,  the 

same  between  the  second  and  third ;  Typhon  lost  start. 

Warwick,  Thursday,  Sept.  4th,  1856— The  Town  Plate  of  50  sov.  added  to  a  Handicap  of  5  sov. 
each,  2  ft.,  for  three-years-old,  and  upwards.  The  winner  paid  10  sov.  towards  the  altera- 
tion of  the  Course;  one  mile  (21  subscribers). 

Mr.  E.  Parr's  br.  c.  Leamington,  3  years,  7  st.  8  lbs 1 

Mr.  T.  Stevens'  br.  f.  Elfrida,  3  years,  7  st.  2  lbs 2 

Mr.  J.  Day's  b.  m.  Octavia,  aged,  8  st.  2  lbs.       .        .  3 

Mr.  Flintoff's  br.  h.  Blossom,  5  years,  8  st.  9  lbs 4 

Mr.  Osbaldeston's  b.  t  Lunelle,  3  years,  6  st.  10  lbs 5 

Mr.  Hughes'  b.  f.  Breeze,  3  years,  7  st.  4  lbs 6 

7  to  4  against  Leamington,  and  3  to  1  each  against  Octavia  and  Breeze. 
Won  by  three  lengths,  a  bad  third,  the  others  close  together. 

Leicester,  Thursday,  Sept.  25th,  1856— The  Scurry  Handicap  of  50  sov.  added  to  a  sweepstakes 
of  10  sov.  each,  3  ft.,  if  declared  by  the  9th  Sept.  The  winner  paid  3  sov.  to  the  Racing- 
fund— half  a  mile  (23  subscribers). 

Mr.  St.  John's  British  Remedy,  3  years,  6  st.  4  lbs 1 

Mr.  E.  Parr's  Leamington,  3  years,  7  st.  3  lbs.  .........        2 

Mr.  Mills'  Coal-black-Rose,  3  years,  5  st.  11  lbs 3 

Six  others  started,  but  not  placed. 

7  to  4  against  Breeze,  3  to  1  against  Leamington,  and  6  to  1  against  British  Remedy.  Won  by 
a  length,  a  bad  third. 

Shrewsbury,  Wednesday,  Nov.  19th,  1856— The  Corporative  Plate,  value  50  sov.,  added  to  a  free 
Handicap  of  5  sov.  each,  for  all  ages ;  the  second  saved  his  stake,  and  the  winner  paid  10 
BOV.  towards  expenses  ;  five  furlongs  (32  subscribers). 

Mr.  John  Scott's  Katharine  Logie,  3  years,  7  st.  4  lbs 1 

Mr.  Howard's  Strawberry,  2  years,  6  st.  1  lb 2 

Mr.  E.  Parr's  Leamington,  3  years,  7  st.  4  lbs 3 

Eighteen  others  started,  but  not  placed. 

4  to  1  against  Leamington  and  Baroda,  6  to  1  against  Strawberry,  10  to  1  each  against  Blue 
Rock  and  Katherine  Logie,  12  to  1  against  Miss  Harkaway,  and  100  to  8  against  British 
Remedy.  Won  by  two  lengths,  a  length  between  the  second  and  third,  a  head  between 
the  third  and  fourth,  Alfred  fifth. 

Same  Meeting,  Thursday,  Sept.  20th,  1856— The  Steward's  Cup,  value  50  sov.,  the  gift  of  the 
Stewards,  added  to  a  free  Handicap  of  5  sov.  each ;  the  second  saved  his  stake,  and  the 
winner  paid  10  sov.  towards  expenses ;  one  mUe  (32  subscribers). 

Mr.  E.  Parr's  Leamington,  3  years,  7  st 1 

Mr.  Waller's  Octavia,  aged,  7  st.  4  lbs 2 

Mr.  Walker's  Agra,  3  years.  6  st.  8  lbs 3 

Mr.  Leach's  Prince's  Mixture,  3  years,  0  st.  8  lbs.  4 


414  THE   IIOESE. 

Seven  others  started,  but  not  placed. 

5  to  2  against  Leamiugtou,  and  3  to  1  against  Palmoodie.  Won  by  a  length  and  a  half,  a  neck 
each  between  the  second,  third,  and  fourth.    St.  Dunstan  lost  start. 

Chester,  Wednesday,  May  6th,  1857— The  Tradesmen's  Plate  or  Chester  Cup  of  200  sov.  in 
specie,  added  to  a  Handicap  sweepstakes  of  25  sov.  each,  15  ft.,  and  5  only  if  declared  on  or 
before  the  2d  of  February.  The  second  received  50  sov.  out  of  the  slakes,  and  the  winner 
paid  50  sov.  towards  expenses  of  the  Judge,  Starter,  etc..  Cup  Course,  about  two  miles  and 
a  quarter  (188  subscribers  ;  70  of  whom  paid  5  sov.  each). 

Mr.  F.  Higgins'  br.  c.  Leamington,  4  years,  C  st.  9  lbs 1 

Mr.  Hovrard's  eh.  c.  Drumour,  3  years,  6  st.  3  lbs 3 

Lord  Ribblesdale's  b.  c.  Dulcamara,  3  years,  5  st.  2  lbs 3 

Thirty-two  others  started,  but  were  not  placed. 

3  to  1  against  Commotion,  6  to  1  against  Leamington,  7  to  1  against  Dulcamara,  14  to  1  against 
Turbit,  15  to  1  against  Peeping  Tom,  100  to  6  against  Warlock,  20  to  1  against  Eiseber,  25  to 
1  each  against  Drumour,  Gemma  di  Vergy,  Pretty  Boy,  Zigzag,  and  Lance,  30  to  1  against 
Van  Dunsk,  1000  to  15  against  Alice  Wentworth,  and  1000  to  10  against  Aleppo.  Won  by  a 
neck,  a  length  between  the  second  and  third,  Riseber  fourth,  Pole  Star  fifth,  and  Lance 
next. 


Ascot,  Thursday,  June  11th,  1857— The  Gold  Cup,  by  subscription  of  20  sov.  each,  with  200 
added  from  the  fund  ;  three  years  old  to  carry  6  st.  10  lbs.,  four,  8  st.  5  lbs.,  five,  9  st  sis 
and  aged,  9  st.  3  lbs. ;  m.  and  g.  allowed  3  lbs. ;  the  owner  of  the  second  horse  received  50 
sov.,  out  of  the  Stakes  ;  to  start  at  the  Cup  post  and  go  once  round,  about  two  miles  and 
a  half  (33  subscribers). 

Lord  Zetland's  b.  c.  Skirmisher,  3  years 1 

Mr.  John  Eobson's  br.  c.  Gemma  di  Vergy,  3  years 2 

Mr.  John  Jackson's  bl.  c.  Saunterer,  3  years 3 

Mr.  Snewing's  b.  m.  Pole  Star,  5  years 4 

Pretty  Boy,  Tasmania,  Winkfield,  Wardennarske,  Leamington,  Eogerthorpe,  Chevalier  d'ln- 

dustrie,  and  Warlock  started,  but  were  not  placed. 
4  to  1  against  Skirmisher  (oft'j,  11  to  2  against  Wardermarske,  6  to  1  against  Eogerthorpe,  7  to  1 
against  Gemma  di  Vergy,  8  to  1  against  Pole  Star,  15  to  1  each  against  Tasmania  and 
Saunterer,  25  to  1  against  Leamington,  and  30  to  1  against  Warlock.  Won  by  a  length  and 
a  half,  a  head  between  the  second  and  third,  and  two  lengths  between  the  third  and  fourth. 
Eogerthorpe  was  fifth,  and  Chevalier  d'Industrie  sixth. 

Goodwood,  Wednesday,  July  2Gth,  1857— The  Goodwood  Stakes  of  25  sovs.  each,  15  ft.,  and  5 
if  declared  on  or  before  the  S3d  of  June;  the  second  horse  received  100  sovs.  from  the 
stakes.  The  winner  paid  15  sovs.  to  the  judge  ;  two  miles  and  a  half;  (96  subscribers,  51 
of  whom  paid  5  sovs.  each.) 

Mr.  F.  Higgins'  br.  c.  Leamington,  4  years,  8  st.  0  lbs 1 

Mr.  Hawkins'  b.  c.  Gunboat,  3  years,  6  st.  7  lbs 2 

Mr.  Grafton's  br.  c.  Somerset,  3  years,  6  st.  4  lbs 3 

Mr.  M.  Dennett's  b.  h.  Hartley  Buck,  5  years,  6  St.  5  lbs. 4 

Fisherman,  Pretty  Boy,  Aleppo,  Sluggard,  Van  Dunck,  Petocki,  Homily,  The  Bird  in  the  Hand, 
Martinet,  Barfleur,  Eloquence,  Eosati,  Paradin,  Hobgoblin,  and  Birdcatcher  colt,  out  of 
Maid  of  Mashem,  started,  but  were  not  placed. 
11  to  2  against  Fisherman,  6  to  1  each  against  The  Bird  in  the  Hand  and  Hobgoblin,  9  to  1 
againt  Barfleur,  10  to  1  against  Martinet,  100  to  7  each  against  Pretty  Boy  and  Homily,  100 
to  6  against  Van  Dunck,  20  to  1  each  against  Eosati  and  Aleppo,  25  to  1  each  against  Slug- 
gard, Petocki,  and  Gunboat,  and  100  to  3  each  against  Somerset  and  Leamington.  Won 
by  a  length,  a  bad  third ;  Fisherman  was  fifth. 

Same  Meeting— Friday,  July  31st,  1857— The  Chesterfield  Cup  (handicap),  value  300  sovs.,  the 
rest  in  specie,  by  subscription  of  15  sovs.  each,  for  all  ages  (two-yeai"s-old  excepted) ;  the 
■winner  of  the  Goodwood  Stakes,  the  Goodwood  Cup,  or  Steward's  Cup  at  Goodwood,  7  lbs. 
extra ;  Craven  Course  (43  subscribers). 


Leamington's  peefokmances.  415 

Mr.  Howara'9  Comquot,  3  years,  6  st.  10  lbs 1 

Mr.  Saxon's  b.  f.  Queen  Bess,  3  years,  5  st.  8  lbs 2 

Lord  Exeter's  Beechnut,  3  years,  6  st 3 

LeamiBgton,  4  years,  9  st.  5  lbs.,  and  fifteen  others,  started,  but  were  not  placed. 

3  to  1  against  Peeping  Tom,  4  to  1  against  Katherlne  Logie,  8  to  1  against  Leamington,  10  to  1 

each  against  General  Bosquet,  Comqnot,  and  Malakoff,  100  to  8  each  against  Costwold  and 

Beechnut,  100  to  7  against  Tricolor,  100  to  6  against  Kestrel,  and  20  to  1  against  Claret. 

Won-  by  three-quarters  of  a  length,  a  length  between  second  and  third.  Gen.  Bosquet 

fourth;  Tricolor  bolted. 

Egham,  Wednesday,  Aug.  26th,  1857— Her  Majesty's  Plate  of  100  guineas ;  three-years-old, 
8  St.  2  lbs.,  four,  9  st.  5  lbs.,  five,  9  st.  11  lbs.,  Bix  and  aged,  10  st.  Two  miles  and  a 
distance. 

Mr.  J.  B.  8  larky' s  Fisherman,  4  years 1 

Mr.  Hart'f?  Winkfleld,  G  years 2 

Mr.  Mellish's  Tame  Deer,  4  years 3 

Mr.  Efiggins'  Leamington,  4  years 4 

Mr.  B.  Lane's  br.  g.  Weatherglass,  3  years. 

6  to  4  on  Fisherman,  and  5  to  2  against  Leamington.  Won  in  a  canter  by  two  lengths,  a  bad 
third.    Weatherglass  bolted  soon  after  starting. 

Newmarket,  Tuesday,  Oct.  12th,  1858— The  Osesarewitch  Stakes,  a  free  handicap  of  25  sovs. 
each,  15  ft.,  with  200  added  by  the  Jockey  Club,  for  three-years-old  and  upwards ;  the 
second  received  50  sovs.  out  of  the  stakes,  and  the  winner  paid  80  sovs.  to  the  judge ; 
Osesarewitch  Course  (75  subscribers). 

Mr.  G.  Lambert's  ch.  c.  Rocket,  3  years,  6  st.  4  lbs. 1 

Mr.  Ten  Broeck's  Prioress,  5  years,  7  st.  9  lbs.  0 

Mr.  T.  Hughes'  br.  g.  The  Brewer,  5  years,  7  st 0 

Mr.  E.  Read's  Satinstone,  3  years,  6  st.  3  lbs 4 

Leamington,  5  years,  9  st.  4  lbs.,  and  thirty  others  started,  but  were  not  placed. 
9  to  2  against  Prioress,  6  to  1  against  Malacca,  14  to  1  each  against  Underhand  and  Rocket, 
20  to  1  each  against  Beacon,  Black  Tommy,  The  English  Rose,  Janet,  Fearful,  and  Zouave, 
25  to  1  against  Pretty  Boy,  30  to  1  against  Julia,  33  to  1  each  against  The  Bird  in  the  Hand 
and  Melissa,  40  to  1  each  against  Poodle,  Turned  Loose,  The  Courier,  and  Physician,  50  to 
1  each  against  Vandermulin,  Mr.  Sykes,  and  Bellona,  and  1000  to  15  against  any  other. 
Won  by  a  head,  a  dead  heat  for  second  place ;  Satinstone  beaten  three  lengths  from  the  two. 

Chester,  Wednesday,  May  4th,  1859— The  Tradesman  Plate,  or  Chester  Cup,  of  200  sovs.  in 
specie,  added  to  a  handicap  sweepstakes  of  25  sovs.  each,  15  ft.,  and  5  only  if  declared  on 
or  before  the  1st  of  February ;  the  second  received  50  sovs.  out  of  the  stakes,  and  the 
winner  paid  50  sovs.  towards  expenses  of  the  judge,  starter,  etc.  Cup  course  about  two 
mUes  and  a  quarter  (210  subscribers,  105  of  whom  paid  5  sovs.  each). 

Mr.  F.  Higgins' Leamington,  C  years,  8  St.  2  lbs 1 

Sir.  J.  Thompson's  br.  c.  Heme,  4  years,  6  st.  4  lbs 2 

Sir  L.  Newman's  br.  f.  Botany,  4  years,  5  St.  6  lbs 3 

Mr.  Ten  Broeck's  Prioress,  6  years,  7  st.  5  lbs.  4 

Fisherman,  6  years,  9  st.,  and  twenty-eight  others  started,  but  were  not  placed. 
5  to  1  against  Leamington,  8  to  1  against  Royal  Sovereign,  12  to  1  against  Pole  Star,  100  to  8 
each  against  Master  Bagot,  Heme  and  The  Brewer,  15  to  1  against  Rosabel,  100  to  6  each 
against  Underhand,  Pensioner  and  Bankrupt,  25  to  1  each  against  Prioress  and  Qneens- 
tovm,  30  to  1  against  Botany,  40  to  1  each  against  Satinstone,  Harraton,  and  Wrestler,  50  to 
1  each  against  Roman  Candle,  Cawood  and  Coroner,  1000  to  15  each  against  Lifeboat,  Wil- 
ton, Ancient  Briton  and  Raspberry,  1000  to  10  each  against  Mr.  Sykes,  Sam  Spode,  Roger- 
thorpe.  Compromise,  Thomhill,  Rara  Avis  and  Olympias.  Won  easily  by  two  lengths,  a 
length  each  between  the  second,  thii-d  and  fourth  ;  Royal  Sovereign  was  a  bad  fifth. 

Ascot,  Tuesday,  Jun3  14th,  18.59— The  gold  vase,  given  by  Her  Majesty,  added  to  a  sweepstakes 
of  20  sov.  each,  for  three-year-olds  and  upward ;  two  miles  (11  subscribers). 


416  THE   HOESE. 

Mr.  W.  Day's  b.  f.  Schism,  by  Surplice,  3  years,  fi  st.  13  lbs 1 

Mr.  F.  Iliggins'  Leamington,  6  years,  9  st.  5  lbs 2 

Mr.  J.  Rigby's  b.  h.  Tournament,  5  years,  9  st.  3  lbs. 
Baron  de  Nivieres'  cb.  m.  Miss  Cath,  6  years,  7  st.  10  lbs. 
Mr.  Sutton's  hi.  h.  Black  Tommy,  5  years,  9  st.  3  lbs. 
5  to  2  on  Leamington,  6  to  1  against  Tournament,  8  to  1  against  Miss  Cath,  and  10  to  1  against 
Schism.    Won  by  two  lengths,  the  same  between  the  second  and  third. 

Goodwood,  Thursday,  July  28th,  1859— The  Goodwood  Cup,  value  300  sov.,  by  Bubscription  of 
20  sov.  each,  with  100  added  by  the  Racing-fund,  the  surplus  (if  any)  to  be  paid  in  money ; 
the  second  received  100  sov. ;  two  miles  and  a  half  (42  subscribers). 

Mr.  W.  Day's  br.  c.  The  Promised  Land,  3  years,  7  st.  7  lbs 1 

Mr.  Rigby's  ch.  c.  Newcastle,  3  years,  7  st.  7  lbs 2 

Mr.  R.  Ten  Broeck's  b.  m.  Prioress,  6  years,  8  st.  6  lbs 3 

Leamington,  6  years,  9  st.  10  lbs.,  Toxopholite,  Mademoiselle  de  Chantilly,  North  Lincoln, 

Marionette,  Scent,  Schism,  Woodbine  and  Union  Jacket  started,  but  were  not  placed. 
3  to  1  against  the  Promised  Land,  7  to  2  against  Leamington,  4  to  1  against  Prioress,  7  to  1 
against  Union  Jack,  8  to  1  against  Toxopholite,  100  to  8  against  Marionette,  100  to  7 
against  North  Lincoln,  and  100  to  6  against  Newcastle.    Won  by  six  lengths,  a  bad  third; 
North  Lincoln,  Scent  and  Schism  next,  beaten  several  lengths  from  the  third. 

Newmarket,  Tuesday,  October  11th,  1859— Mr.  Merry's  Saunterer,  by  Birdcatcher,  5  years, 
received  ft.  from  Mr.  Higgins'  Leamington,  6  years,  10  st.  each,  Beacon  Course,  200  each 
and  the  Whip. 


SUMMAET   OF   LEAMINGTOn's   PERFOEMANCES. 

In  1855,  started  five  times ;  won  two,  lost  three.  £     s.  d. 

The  Woodcote  Stakes  at  Warwick 50    0    0 

The  Chesterfield  Stakes  at  Derby  ....  ......         140    0    0 

Li  1856,  started  ten  times ;  won  three,  lost  seven. 

TheWrotterby  Stakes  at  Wolverhampton 100  0  0 

The  Town  Plate  at  Warwick 105  0  0 

The  Steward's  Cup  at  Shrewsbury 200  0  0 

In  1857,  started  five  times ;  won  two,  lost  three. 

The  Chester  Cup  at  Chester 2,595    0    0 

The  Goodwood  Stakes  at  Goodwood 995    0    0 

In  1858,  started  once ;  lost  once. 

In  1859,  started  three  times ;  won  once,  paid  forfeit  once. 

The  Chester  Cup  at  Chester ,       .       .      2,645    0    0 

Total  wmnings £6,830    0    0 

He  started  24  times ;  won  8,  lost  16 ;  paid  forfeit  once. 

Leamington  went  to  tlie  stud  in  18G0,  and  made  the  seasons 
of  1860,  '61,  '62,  '63,  '64  and  '65  at  Eawcliffe  Paddocks.  The 
first  of  his  get  appeared  in  1 863,  three  of  them  running  four 
races.  1864  he  had  thirteen  winners,  who  won  thirty-three 
races;  1865,  eleven  winners,  who  won  fifteen  races;  1866,  four- 
teen winners,  who  won  twenty-seven  races ;  1867,  fifteen  winners, 


IMPOKTED    LEAMINGTON".  417 

who  won  twenty-eight  races;  18G8,  ten  winners,  who  won  nine- 
teen races ;  and  in  18G9,  five  winners,  who  won  nine  races. 

The  following  comprise  some  of  his  principal  winners  in 
England:  Coup  d'Etat,  Catalogue,  Procella,  Tarlatan,  Bella, 
Club  Queen,  Hark  Forward,  Lady  of  Coverdale,  Lady  Sefton, 
Lady  Warwick,  Leicester,  Lemonade,  Queen  of  Crystal,  War- 
wick, Boleno,  Fitzroy,  Fortunatus,  Lady  Constance,  Bird  of  Eve, 
Cheltenham,  Cora,  Foreign  Stamp,  Lady  Eston,  Rebecca,  Ru- 
perra.  Variation,  Cataline,  Esmeralda,  Reltub,  Scipio,  Thankful, 
Avon,  Belle  of  Warwick,  Citron,  Haymaker,  Miss  Theo,  and 
Percussion. 

Mr.  E.  W.  Cameron,  of  Clifton  Stud  Farm,  purchased  Lea- 
mington after  the  season  of  1865,  from  the  Eawcliffe  Company, 
for  £1,575  pounds,  and  had  him  brought  over  the  same  season 
in  the  steamship  Cella,  from  London.  He  made  his  first  season 
in  Kentucky,  at  the  Bosque  Bonita  Stud  Farm  of  General  A. 
Buford,  at  $200.  After  the  season  in  Kentucky,  he  was  brought 
north,  and  stood  the  seasons  '67,  '68  and  '69  at  Clifton  Stud 
Farm,  Richmond  county,  N.  Y.  The  fall  of  1869  Mr.  Cam- 
eron sold  him  to  Mr.  A.  Welch,  Chestnut  Hills,  Philadelphia. 
He  made  the  present  season  of  1870  in  Mr.  Welch's  name  at 
Patterson,  K  Y.  While  the  property  of  Mr.  Cameron,  he  was 
limited  to  twenty-five  mares,  but  in  no  season  since  his  arrival 
in  this  country  has  he  served  that  number.  During  the  past 
season  we  learn  that  he  has  not  served  more  than  five  thorough- 
bred mares.  He  made  the  season  of  1866  at  $200,  '67  and  '68 
at  $300,  '69  at  $250,  and  the  past  season  of  1870  at  $200. 

We  doubt  whether  any  horse  ever  imported  to  America  has 
sired  such  a  list  of  winners  from  a  first  season  as  Leamington, 
out  of  the  same  number  of  mares.  Everything  by  him  that  has 
been  tried  can  race.  From  his  season  in  Kentucky  we  have 
Enquirer,  Lynchburg,  Littleton,  Longfellow,  Miss  Alice  and 
Anna  Mace.  We  look  upon  Enquirer  as  one  of  the  best  three- 
year-olds  ever  foaled  in  this  country,  and  while  we  write,  the 
telegraph  flashes  the  success  of  Littleton  and  Longfellow,  two 
noble  sons,  at  Lexington,  Kentucky.  It  seems  a  pity  to  keej) 
so  valuable  a  horse  in  this  region,  where  he  is  so  poorly 
patronized.  He  should  be  removed  to  Kentucky  or  Tennes- 
see, where  the  success  of  Enquirer,  Littleton  and  Longfellow 
Vol.  L— 27 


418  THE   HORSE. 

would  secure  patronage  worthy  of  the  horse  and  his  breeding. 
"We  had  occasion  to  commend  tliis  horse  in  the  very  highest 
manner  as  early  as  1860,  five  years  before  his  importation,  and 
before  his  reputation  as  a  stallion  was  even  made  in  England. 
From  his  extraordinary  qualities  as  a  horse,  crossed  upon  Lex- 
ington mares,  we  firmly  believe  that  his  produce  will  make  a 
new  era  in  the  American  turf,  both  in  time,  quality  and  useful- 
ness of  the  blood  horse. 


COMPAEATIYE   ESTIMATE 


SPEED,  BOTTOM,  POWERS   AND   V.\LUE   OF  BRITISH  AND   AMERICAN 
RACERS,    IN    THE    PRESENT    AND   PAST    CENTURY. 

Theee  has  been  now,  for  several  years,  a  general  if  not  preva- 
lent opinion,  sustained  by  many  persons,  not  merely  lauda- 
tores  temporis  acti — arguing,  however,  on  theory  rather  than  on 
experience,  and  founding  their  arguments  on  facts,  in  them- 
selves questionable,  and  assumed  on  little  more  than  mere  ru- 
mor— that  the  modern  race-horse  has  degenerated,  both  in  speed 
and  stoutness,  from  his  renowned  English  ancestry ;  and  sec- 
ondly, that  the  tendency  of  modern  breeding — or  as,  at  least, 
one  writer  terms  it,  too  thorough  breeding — ^lias  been  to  en- 
courage speed  at  the  expense  of  bottom,  and  so  to  detract  detri- 
mentally from  the  stanchness  and  endurance  of  the  modern 
race-horse ;  and,  lastly,  that  by  tlie  system  of  training  young, 
and  running  short  courses,  tlie  English  race-horse  has  fallen  be- 
hind its  American  descendant  in  the  ability  to  run  long  dis- 
tances. 

The  first  of  these  assumptions,  that  the  race-horse  of  the 
nineteenth  century,  whether  English  or  American,  has  degen- 
erated from  the  famous  worthies  of  the  eighteenth,  and  if  so, 
whether  young  training  and  short  racing  are  the  causes  of  such 
degeneracy,  are  matters  well  worthy  of  consideration. 

Tliat  of  the  comparative  qualities  of  the  English  and  Ameri- 
can race-horse,  is  less  so,  and  only  so  at  all,  inasmuch  as  it  is 
connected  with  the  different  systems  of  training  and  running 


420  THE   nOKSE. 

adopted  in  the  two  countries.  Tliis  question,  moreover,  can 
hardly  be  tested  satisfactorily,  so  different  are  all  the  conditions 
of  the  turf  here  and  there,  as  regards  "weight,  distance,  and  me- 
thod of  riding,  and  so  imperfectly  understood,  even  now,  is  the 
influence  of  weight,  on  the  same  horse,  as  against  time — timing 
itself  being  still  but  little  practised,  and  until  lately  wholly  dis- 
used and  uncomprehended  as  a  test,  on  British  race-courses. 

The  general  assumption  of  degeneracy  rests  mainly  on  the 
stories — "•wonderful  tales,"  as  "  Cecil"  justly  calls  them,  which 
have  been  related  concerning  Flying  Childers  and  Eclipse,  of 
both  which  undeniably  good  and  unbeaten  horses  it  is  com- 
monly asserted  and  as  commonly  believed,  that  they  ran  a  mile 
in  a  minute,  there  being  not  a  shadow  of  evidence  to  the  point, 
but  directly  the  reverse,  and  it  being  all  but  demonstrable  that 
the  feat  is  a  physical  impossibility. 

"  These  wonderful  tales," — I  proceed  to  quote  at  length  from 
"  Cecil,"  who  has  gone  deeply  into  this  subject,  and,  to  my  idea, 
entirely  disposed  of  the  question, — "  like  the  snowball,  have  in- 
creased in  their  progress  ;  therefore  a  brief  digression  is  neces- 
sary to  unfold  these  romantic  conceptions.  It  is  related  that  he 
gave  Fox  twelve  pounds  over  the  Beacon  Course,  and  beat  him 
a  quarter  of  a  mile  in  a  trial.  Every  racing  man  would  natu- 
rally inquire  if  Fox  could  not  have  got  nearer  at  the  end,  and  few 
indeed  would  place  much  reliance  on  trials  without  substantial 
evidence  to  corroborate  reports.  It  is  also  said,  that  he  ran  a  trial 
against  Almanzor  and  Brown  Betty,  nine  stone  two  each,"  aliter, 
he  carrying  9  stone  21bs.,  they,  8  £«'one  21bs.,  each — over  the 
Hound  Course  at  ISTewmarket,  three  miles,  six  furlongs,  and  ninety- 
three  yards,  which  distance,  according  to  many  accounts  in 
print,  "  he  ran  in  6m,  40s." — aliter  6m.  42s. — "  to  perform 
which,"  it  is  farther  absurdly  stated,  "  he  must  have  moved  at 
the  rate  of  eighty-two  and  a  half  feet  in  a  second  of  time,  or 
nearly  at  the  rate  of  one  mile  in  a  niinuteP  The  inaccuracy  of 
this  is  patent.  If  a  horse  moved  at  the  rate  described  he  would 
get  over  the  ground  in  a  trifle  less  than  four  minutes  and  a  half. 
Ko  horse  that  ever  was  foaled  ever  w^ent  at  the  pace  spoken  of. 
The  rate  of  fifty  feet  in  a  second  is  very  great,  and  more  than 
the  average  pace  required  to  run  the  distance  of  the  Beacon 
Course,  four  miles  one  furlong  and  one  hundred  and  thirty-eight 


ECLIPSE   AND    CHILDEES.  421 

yards,  in  seven  minutes  and  a  lialf,  wliich  Childers  is  also  re- 
ported to  have  done.  To  prove  still  farther,  if  it  "were  needed, 
the  utter  absurdity  of  the  mile  in  a  minute,  or  eighty-two  feet 
and  a  half  in  a  second,  story,  it  only  need  be  stated  that  twenty- 
three  feet  is  the  full  average  stride  of  the  best  horses  at  speed, 
and  consequently,  that  to  cover  eighty-two  and  a  half  feet  in  a 
second,  the  horse  must  gather  and  extend  itself  within  a  fraction 
of  four  times,  a  physical  impossibility,  in  a  second. 

"After  all  the  high-flown  panegyrics,"  continues  Cecil, 
"  concerning  the  racing  exploits  of  this  horse  in  public — the 
only  trials  worthy  of  credence — they  were  confined  to  the  win- 
ning two  matches,  for  the  first  of  which  at  six  years  old,  carry- 
ing 8  stone  5  lbs.  each — 119  lbs. — he  beat  Speedwell,  a  gelding  of 
equivocal  celebrity.  The  distance  was  four  miles.  For  the 
second,  when  seven  years  old,  he  beat  Chanter,  twelve  years 
old,  six  miles.  He  was  engaged  in  three  other  matches,  for 
which  he  received  forfeit."  Xo  time,  it  is  observable,  is  on  rec- 
ord as  to  his  public  running;  a  circumstance,  which,  to  say 
the  least,  throws  a  doubt  on  that  related  to  have  been  made  on 
his  trials. 

Granting,  however,  that  the  timing  of  Childers'  race  over 
the  Beacon,  4m.  Ifg.  138  yds.,  or  in  other  words  four  miles, 
358  yards,  is  correctly  stated  at  7m.  30s.,  by  deducting  the  ex- 
cess of  358  yards,  we  find,  by  the  simple  rule  of  three,  that  he 
would  have  done  his  four  miles  in  Tm.  19s.,  or  within  a  fraction 
of  the  same  time  it  took  Lexington  to  run  his  four  miles  against 
time,  in  public,  and  bets  paid,  which  established  the  time.  I 
do  not  find  the  weight  carried  by  Childers  in  this  trial  to  have 
been  recorded,  but  taking  it  to  have  been  the  same  as  that  with 
which  he  ran  over  the  Round  Course,  viz.,  8  stone  5  lbs.  or 
119  lbs.,  and  his  age  to  have  been  six  years,  the  time  is  not  in 
excess  of  Lexington's  race,  even  at  Southern  low  weights. 

Firetail  is  said  to  have  run  a  mile  in  1772  in  one  minute  and 
four  seconds,  but  there  is  no  authentic  record  of  races  kept  of 
this  date,  and  the  fact  may  safely  be  denied,  on  the  grounds 
above  shown,  in  regard  to  physical  impossibility. 

Concerning  Eclipse's  real  powers,  no  correct  estimate  can 
possibly  be  formed,  nor  was  formed  at  the  time,  since,  tliongh 
he  ran  against  all  the  best  horses  of  his  day,  and  always  beat 


432  THE   HORSE. 

them  with  ease  carrying  enormous  weights — ^he  won  ten  king's 
plates  with  twelve  stone,  or  168  lbs.  on  his  back — he  was  never 
put  to  his  speed,  nor  was  his  time  ever  kept. 

He  was  undoubtedly  a  marvellous  animal,  both  as  a  racer 
and  in  the  stud,  having  begot  one  hundred  and  thirty  winners, 
who  brought  their  owners  more  than  £160,000  exclusive  of  cups, 
and  that,  it  must  be  remembered,  at  a  time  when  great  races 
were  few,  and  the  vast  prizes  of  the  present  day  unknown. 

In  December,  1Y86,  Mr.  Hull's  Quibbler  ran  twenty-three 
miles  round  the  flat,  at  Kewmarket,  in  fifty-seven  minutes.  It 
does  not  clearly  appear  whether  this  is  to  be  understood  as  be- 
ing a  straight  race,  without  an  intermission,  or  as  an  aggregate 
of  heats ;  probably,  however,  it  refers  to  a  single  unbroken  ef- 
fort. 

If  it  were  done,  at  heats,  the  speed  would  be  nothing  re- 
markable, nor  the  stoutness. 

Twelve  miles  were  made  by  Henry  and  Eclipse  in  1823,  in 
an  aggregate  of  three  heats,  in  23m.  50|s.  over  the  Union  Course ; 
and  twenty  miles,  in  an  aggregate  of  five  heats,  by  Black  Maria, 
beating  Lady  Belief,  Trifle  and  Slim,  in  41m.  40s. 

Considered  as  a  single  gallop,  it  was  highly  creditable,  but 
when  we  have  seen  twenty  miles  trotted  within  the  hour,  we 
cannot  regard  it  as  so  extraordinary,  nor  can  we  doubt  that  it 
could  be  easily  beat,  at  the  present  day,  by  any  one  of  a  dozen 
race-horses  on  the  American  or  English  Turf. 

Tims  far,  therefore,  there  are  no  grounds  whatever  for  be- 
lieving that  the  modern  race-horse  has  in  any  sense  degener- 
ated from  the  worthies  of  the  turf  of  the  olden  time,  even  if 
we  admit,  as  satisfactorily  established — which  we  are,  however, 
far  from  doing — the  remarkable  trials,  above  cited,  disallowing 
of  course  the  fabulous  myths,  which  have  only  obtained  with 
the  vulgar,  and  never  had  the  smallest  credit  with  racing  men, 
or  others  really  acquainted  with  the  powers  of  the  horse,  of 
miles  run  in  a  minute  and  the  like. 

Supposing  Childers  to  have,  in  fact,  run  the  Beacon  Course 
in  the  time  stated,  or  at  the  rate  of  four  miles  in  7m.  19s.,  and 
the  Round  Course  in  6m.  42. — which  would  be  at  the  rate  of 
four  miles,  in  about  7m.  5s. — although  the  speed  would  be  ex- 
traordinary, I  may  say  marvellous,  even  at  the  extremely  low 


WEIGHT    AND    TIME.  423 

weight  of  119  lbs.  for  a  six-jear-old,  which  is  a  pound  more  than 
Southern  weight — the  perfect  facility  with  which  he  and  his 
successor  Eclipse  ran  away  from  every  thing  that  encountered 
them,  demonstrates,  that  their  superiority  to  all  horses  of  their 
own  day,  was  as  great  or  greater  than  it  would  be  to  our  racers 
of  1856. 

But  as  I  have  said  before,  there  is  no  evidence  of  this  speed, 
as  described,  even  of  these  phenomena  ;  much  less  any  pretence, 
that  such  speed  was  common  to  all  horses  of  the  day.  Far  from 
it.  A  writer  in  the  London  old  Sporting  Mag.,  in  1840,  in  an  ar- 
ticle republished  in  "VVm.  T.  Porter's  American  Turf  Register, 
Yol.  XL  p.  326,  and  written  avowedly  to  prove  that  Eclipse  and 
Flying  Childers  were  the  best  horses  that  ever  went "  on  four  pas- 
terns," asserts  that  were  the  latter  alive  now  he  would  "  easily  beat 
the  best  racers  of  the  present  day,  a  quarter  of  a  mile  in  a  four- 
mile  race,"  founding  this  assumption  on  a  fact,  or  what  he  asserts 
to  be  a  fact,  tliat  the  Beacon  Course  has  never,  since,  been  run  in 
shorter  time,  than  it  was  by  Hambletonian  and  Diamond,  in 
1799  ;  or  the  Round  Com*se  in  better,  than  by  Alonzo  and  Or- 
ville,  in  1802.  And  these  second  best  time  races  he  sets  re- 
spectively at  45,  and  32s.,  worse,  than  those  of  Childers  as  stated 
above. 

But  adding  45s.  to  Tm.  19s.,  the  rate  at  which  Childers  is 
said  to  have  run  four  miles  over  the  Beacon  track,  and  we  get 
8m.  4s.  for  the  time  of  Hambletonian  and  Diamond ;  and  add- 
ing 32s.  to  7m.  5s. — the  rate  at  which  the  Round  Course  would 
have  been  done,  if  protracted  to  four  miles,  according  to  the 
time  in  which  he  is  stated  to  have  run  over  it,  against  Alman- 
zor  and  Brown  Betty,  we  get  7m.  37s.,  as  the  time  of  Alonzo 
and  Orville. 

These  were,  moreover,  both  single  dashes,  not  heat  races, 
and,  therefore,  do  not  tell  so  decisively. 

It  is  unnecessary  to  say  to  American  sjjortsmen,  that  the 
time  of  the  first  race,  8m.  4s.,  for  a  first  heat,  is  simply  no  time 
at  all,  nor  has  been  so  considered,  in  the  United  States,  for  the 
last  thirty  years ;  and  that  7m.  37^s.,  though  it  was  thought 
great,  in  1823,  when  done  by  Henry,  has  now  fallen  altogether 
into  the  shade,  in  1856. 

In  considering  this  point,  I  have  of  course  drawn  my  com- 


424  THE   IIOESE, 

parisons  between  the  races  of  tliose  old  celebrities,  and  tlie  sim- 
ilar races  of  American  horses  of  the  present  day,  because,  through 
the  altered  mode  of  public  running  lately  adopted  in  England, 
stoutness  and  bottom  being  there  tested  by  heavy  weights  and 
shorter  distances,  run  nearly  at  the  score  from  end  to  end,  it  is 
impossible  to  measure  them  directly  against  the  present  win- 
ners of  English  stakes. 

I  do  not  wish  to  enter  invidiously  into  any  question  of  su- 
periority or  inferiority  between  English  and  American  horses. 
If  there  be,,any  advantage,  it  arises — can  arise— only  from  the 
influences  of  climate  and  the  different  modes  of  training,  &c., 
the  blood  being,  as  I  have  shown,  identical. 

But  I  must — in  order  to  show,  what  I  believe  to  be  true, 
that  the  English  no  more  than  the  American  racer,  of  1800,  has 
fallen  below  his  ancestry,  of  1700,  in  the  ability  to  endure,  and 
to  run  long  and  repeated  races,  if  it  were  required  of  him — en- 
deavor to  sliow  briefly,  wherefore  I  do  not  yield  the  palm  of 
bottom  in  running  distances,  any  more  than  in  carrying  weight, 
or  in  speed,  to  the  improved  modern  race-horse  of  the  United 
States  over  the  improved  modern  racer  of  England. 

In  the  first  place,  if  the  racing  field  no  longer  show  blood- 
horses  under  the  same  conditions  of  long  distances,  and  those 
repeated  at  intervals,  the  hunting  field  which,  in  fast  countries, 
is  supplied  altogether  by  thoroughbreds,  since  no  others  can  go 
the  pace,  or  go  the  distance,  with  welter  weights  on  their  backs, 
across  fences  and  through  dirt  and  clay  often  hock-deep — does 
exhibit  such  horses,  under  precisely  such  conditions,  in  even 
greater  numbers  and  with  more  even  results,  than  ever  did  four, 
or  even  six-mile  heat  races,  on  either  side  the  Atlantic.  A 
thoroughbred,  which  will  carry  15  stone,  or  210  lbs,  through 
two  bursts  of  six  or  seven  miles  each — with  an  interval  of  an 
hour  between  them,  not  devoted  to  rubbing  down,  drying  off*, 
and  recruiting,  but  to  crossing  the  country  slowly,  w^hile  the 
hounds  are  drawing — respectively  in  25  and  30  minutes,  taking 
perhaps  a  hundred  rasping  fences,  or  large  brooks  in  the  course 
of  each  burst,  and  going  over  every  sort  of  bad  and  broken 
ground,  often  hock-deep  in  greasy  ploughland,  or  fetlock-deep 
in  what  is  worse,  sticky  turf,  would,  one  might  say,  have  little 
difiiculty  in  running  over  a  sound  hard  course,  with  less  than 


osbaldeston's  match.  435 

half  the  weight  on  his  back,  double  the  distance,  in  half  the  time 
named  or  even  -nder  half,  if  there  be  any  semblance  of  truth  in 
the  modern  theory  of  weight,  and  its  influence  on  speed.  Ac- 
cording to  the  old  dictum,  that  seven  pounds  is  equal  to  a  dis- 
tance of  120  yards,  in  a  four-mile  race,  as  between  equal  horses, 
ninety-two  pounds,  or  the  difference  between  15  stone  and 
118  lbs.,  Southern  six-year-old  weight,  would  be  equal  to  at 
least  one  mile  in  four,  if  both  animals  were  ridden  over  the 
same  course,  or  the  same  country. 

The  training,  moreover,  of  thoroughbreds  for  the  hunting- 
field  is  exceedingly  similar,  in  all  respects,  to  that  of  racers  for 
four-mile  heats ;  except  that,  probably,  the  former  are  com- 
monly somewhat  higher  in  flesh ;  though  I  think  I  have  seen 
horses  start,  on  the  Union  Course,  quite  as  full  of  flesh  as  I  have 
ever  seen  a  thoroughbred  hunter  in  ISTorthampton  or  Leicester- 
shire. 

What  is  true  of  the  hunter,  is  no  less,  but  far  more,  true  of 
the  steeple  chaser,  who  is  invariably  thoroughbred — if  he  be 
not,  he  has  not  a  chance  of  being  any  where — and  who  is  put 
carrying  heavy  man-weight,  to  perform  the  severest,  most  tiy- 
ing,  most  exhausting  and  cruellest  exertions,  for  which  horse- 
flesh can  be  called  upon. 

In  proof  of  what  I  have  here  put  forward,  we  will  cast  a 
glance  at  the  most  remarkable  match  against  time  that  has  been 
ridden  within  the  memory  of  man,  I  mean  that  of  Osbaldeston, 
to  ride  two  hundred  miles,  within  ten  hours,  over  the  Newmar- 
ket Round  course,  in  1831 — a  feat  which  he  performed  in  7h. 
19m.  4s. — or  adding  Ih.  22m.  56s.  for  stoppages,  in  8h.  42m. 

In  this  match  Mr.  Osbaldeston  weighed  11  stone,  or 
154  lbs. — it  is  not  clearly  stated  whether  this  is  net  weight,  or 
includes  his  saddle — and  rode  twenty-eight  horses — all  of  them, 
of  course,  thoroughbreds,  though  not  one  of  any  previous  celeb- 
rity, or  standing  on  the  turf  as  racers  of  reputation,  dividing 
the  distance  into  four-mile  heats,  for  his  own  convenience  and 
the  facility  of  changing. 

Nineteen  of  the  twenty-eight  he  rode  more  than  once.  Six- 
teen performed  two  heats  each,  and  averaged  their  four  miles 
in  8m.  30s.,  with  an  infinitesimal  fraction,  two  of  them  falling 
lame,  and  the  weather  being  extremely  bad  throughout,  and 


436  THE   HOKSE. 

against  speed.  Considering  all  things,  the  weight  they  carried, 
and  the  fact  that  none  of  them  were  above  third  or  fourth- rate 
horses,  the  average  is  creditable,  and  looks  little  like  degeneracy. 

If  third  and  fourth-rates  can  average  8m.  30s.,  with  154  lbs. 
on  their  backs,  what  would  first-rates,  such  as  Plenipotentiary, 
Harkaway,  Euphrates,  Venison,  Catherina,  Beeswing,  Alice 
Hawthorn,  Surplice,  Flying  Dutchman,  and  such  cracks,  have 
done  with  99  lbs.,  the  weight  they  would  have  carried,  on  the 
Northern  courses,  at  their  ages  ?  Something,  to  reason  only  by 
the  fairest  analogy,  not  very  easy  to  be  beaten,  as  a  child  might 
answer.  One,  Skirmisher,  he  rode  three  heats,  making  bad  time 
enough,  averaging  only  9m.  3s.,  but  it  should  be  observed,  that 
he  was  the  last  horse  ridden  when  the  match  was  won,  and 
the  rider,  beside  that  he  had  no  occasion  to  hurry,  in  all  proba- 
bility pretty  well  tired. 

The  hero  of  the  day,  however,  was  Tranby,  by  Blacklock, 
who  performed  four  heats,  in  the  following  gallant  style : — 
First,  8.10  ;  second,  8 ;  third,  8.19  ;  fourth,  8.50.  Total  of  six- 
teen miles,  under  154  lbs.,  33.19 ;  which  was,  and  justly  was, 
considered  prodigious  proof  of  bottom  and  courage.  * 

Tranby  was  subsequently  imported  to  America,  solely  on 
account  of  his  performance  in  this  very  match,  as  being  consid- 
ered precisely  the  horse  to  get  four-milers.  He  proved,  how- 
ever, a  source  of  disappointment,  for  few  of  his  stock  did  any 
thing  of  consequence,  and  none  proved  superior.  The  same 
thing  has  occurred  with  other  celebrated  horses,  as  has  been 
instanced  before,  in  the  cases  of  Catton  in  England,  and  Chateau 
Margaux  in  this  country,  neither  of  which  produced  descend- 
ants worthy  of  their  great  renown.  Chateau,  however,  had 
served  two  hundred  mares  in  a  single  season,  before  his  impor- 
tation, and  I  doubt  not  that  his  vigor  was  affected  by  this  ille- 
gitimate excess.  ' 

"We  will  now  view  this  subject  in  another  light,  which,  I 
think,  confutes  yet  more  conclusively  the  idea  alluded  to  above, 
and  which  "  Cecil,"  from  whom  I  quote  the  following,  puts  with 
great  plausibility  and  force.     He  is  writing  of  the  year  1852  : — 

"  According  to  the  racing  Calendar,  and  other  periodicals, 
there  are  one  hundred  and  seven  stallions.  Some  of  these 
ought  not  to  be  used  in  the  stud,  because  the}^  are  possessed  of 

*  See  Note  *  on  page  443. 


PKOGKESS    m   BREEDING. 


427 


infirmities  likely  to  be  inherited  by  tlieir  progeny  ;  but  tlieir 
number  is  not  so  great  as  might  be  imagined,  and  to  individual- 
ize them  would  be  impolitic.  It  must  be  understood,  there  are 
many  other  stallions,  in  all  probability  more  than  a  similar 
number,  of  inferior  character,  whose  services  are  confined  to 
rural  districts,  where  they  are  patronized  by  farmers,  which  are 
not  included  in  this  estimate,  numbers  of  which  would  not  pass 
muster  with  breeders  of  race-horses,  and  ought  not  to  be  al- 
lowed to  perpetuate  their  species  among  any  classes  ;  but  tliey 
are  seldom  advertised  beyond  their  respective  localities,  and  are 
still  more  rarely  the  progenitors  of  thoroughbred  stock.  From 
the  number  of  stallions  already  enumerated,  about  half  the 
foals  of  the  year  are  the  ofispring  of  thirty  sires,  favorites  on 
account  of  their  superior  lineage,  their  successful  performances 
on  the  turf,  or  honorable  distinction  in  the  stud. 

"  The  following  table  supports  proof  of  the  progress  made 
in  the  speculation  of  breeding,  by  giving  the  number  of  races 
won  by  the  stock  of  fourteen  horses  of  celebrity,  in  the  years 
1825  and  1852,"  the  interval  being  a  trifle  more  than  a  quarter 
of  a  century. 


1S25. 

Comus, 21 

FilhodaPuta,        .        .        .        .17 

Phantom, 17 

Ardrossan, 13 

Catton, 12 

Rubens 12 

Whalebone, 12 

Whisker, 10 

Blacklock 9 

Bourbon, 9 

Partisan, 9 

Soothsayer, 9 

Walton, 9 

Octavian, 9 

168 


1852. 
Lanercost,         .        .        .        .        .35 

Birdcatcher, 29 

Touchstone, 26 

Venison, 20 

Cotherstone, 17 

Faugh  a  Ballagh,  .        .        .        .15 

Orlando, 13 

Slane, 13 

Don  John, 12 

Bay  Middleton,      ....       12 

Epirus, 11 

Pantaloon,     .        .        .        -        .10 

Melbourne, 10 

Alarm, 9 

232 


"Thus  we  find,  that  in  the  former  years  there  were  168,  and 
in  the  latter  232  winners,  the  progeny  of  an  equal  number  of 
horses.  Surely  this  afl'ords  an  argument  in  favor  of  the  stout- 
aess  and  constitution  of  horses  of  modern  days." 


428  THE   HOESE. 

It  is  not  easy  in  the  United  States  to  obtain  full  statistics  of 
tliis  nature,  owing  to  the  vast  extent  of  territory  over  which 
the  race-meetings  are  scattered,  that  extent  yearly  increasing, 
and  the  great  number  of  courses  and  Jockey  Clubs  existing, 
all  independent  each  of  the  other,  which  render  it  a  work  of 
endless  toil  to  hunt  np  the  numbers  of  winners  got  by  any  par- 
ticuhar  stallion,  or  number  of  stallions ;  I  have  been  so  fortu- 
nate, Jiowever,  as  to  fall  ujDon  the  following  facts  concerning 
Medoc,  a  horse  of  very  fair  and  honest,  though  not  first-rate, 
running  reputation  in  this  country,  in  1833,  and  shall  presently 
proceed  to  give  similar  statements  concerning  others  of  our 
most  distinguished  stallions. 

Medoc  begot,  in  the  three  years  1838,  '39  and  '40,  respec- 
tively, 18,  48,  and  49  winners,  at  all  distances,  from  one  to  four- 
mile  heats,  and  in  the  latter  year  thirty-three  of  his  get  won  64 
races,  ran  30G  miles,  and  won  $26,000. 

But  to  return  to  "  Cecil's  "  observations  on  the  comparative 
stoutness  of  ancient  and  modern  English  racers. — "  In  the 
first  portion,"  he  proceeds,  "  of  these  remarks,  it  was  mentioned 
that  an  opinion  has  been  promulgated  with  much  industry,  and 
supported  with  equivalent  zeal,  that  our  horses  have  degen- 
erated, compared  with  those  of  our  ancestors,  in  stoutness  or 
endurance  in  running  a  distance ;  that  they  are  incapable  of 
bearing  fatigue  ;  that  tliey  are  deficient  in  constitutional  stam- 
ina, the  ability  to  carry  weight,  and  that  they  are  subject  to 
hereditary  diseases,  especially  roaring.  In  evidence  of  these 
arguments,  the  performances  of  two  horses,  worthies  of  ancient 
date,  the  one  called  Black  Chance,  the  other  the  Carlisle  Geld- 
ing, have  been  extolled  in  the  warmest  terms.  To  arrive  at 
correct  conclusions,  the  most  satisfactory  course  will  be  that  of 
making  comparisons,  from  indisputable  data,  between  the  per- 
formances of  the  horses  said  to  have  possessed  superiority  over 
their  descendants.  The  mere  declaration  of  opinion,  unaccom- 
panied by  proof,  is  not  suflicient  on  this  occasion.  For  the 
sake  of  brevity,  and  to  render  each  item  capable  of  ready  com- 
parison, a  tabular  form  is  chosen,  in  which  the  performances  of 
the  most  celebrated  horses  of  the  early  part  of  the  eighteenth 
century,  are  placed  in  juxtaposition  wdth  an  equal  number  of 
more  recent  date.     The  selection  of  the  Carhsle  Gelding  and 


SUPEEIOKITT  OF  MODERN  RACERS. 


429 


Black  Chance  is  suggested,  in  consequence  of  their  having  been 
brought  forward  as  specimens  of  superiority  over  any  horses  of 
the  modern  days." 

It  will  be  seen  by  the  table  alluded  to,  and  here  subjoined, 
that  the  five  modern  horses  have  in  every  respect  the  advan- 
tage. They  began  to  train  from  two  to  four  years  younger ; 
they  ran  more  races,  and  more  miles,  and — with  one  exception — 
they  saw  more  years  service  on  the  turf,  than  the  worthies  of 
the  olden  time. 

This,  added  to  the  above  record  of  stock,  ought  to  settle  the 
question. 


to 

a  « 

o 

-►J 

o 

o 

3 

B  ^ 

m  a 

o  a 

1 

O  3 

"a 

to 

g 

1' 

a 
o 

a  3 

Carlisle  Gelding... 

Cinderwench 

Black  Chance 

Arthur  O'Bradley. 

5 

unk'wn 
5 
5 
6 

3 
3 

2 
2 
2 

25 
13 
25 
15 
4 

42 
46 
40 
16 
79 

9 
9 
5 
10 
6 

57 
35 
44 
5 
98 

34 

22 
30 
25 
10 

99 
81 
84 
21 
177 

160 

98 
172 
112 

36 

1531 
140^ 

96 

51 
300 

68 
94 

40 
72 
38 

1544- 
91f 

u 

283 

228 
192 
212 
184 

74 

308i 
232 
185i 
60i 
583 

13* 
5 

lot 

4 
4 

10 
11 
10 
3 
10 

1731 
1735 
1746 
1749 

1749 

1828 
1834 
1835 
1837 
1841 

Euphrates 

Liston 

Independence 

Venison 

Catherina 

"Persons  who  are  conversant  with  racing  are  well  aware 
that  it  is  impossible  to  form  decided  opinions  concerning  the 
Buperiority  of  horses,  without  running  them  in  public,  or  trying 
them  in  private,  Avith  the  most  scruj)ulous  exactness.  As  it  is 
impossible  to  form  positive  opinions  of  contemporaneous  horses 
till  they  have  been  tried,  it  would  be  ridiculous  to  hazard 
an  opinion  on  the  merits  of  horses  in  a  race  of  any  given  dis- 
tance of  the  early  part  of  the  last  century,  as  compared  with 
those  of  modern  days,  unless  there  appeared  to  be  a  vast  dis- 
parity between  them.  Considering  the  points  at  issue,  there  is 
no  difficulty  in  deciding  on  the  majority  of  those  qualities, 
tvhich    give   evidence   of   stoutness,    endurance,    constitutional 


*  Did  not  run  in  the  years  1720,  1725,  or  1726. 
f  Did  not  run  in  1743. 


430  THE   HORSE. 

stamina,  and  capability  of  bearing  fatigue.  As  to  hereditary 
diseases,  we  have  no  data  whatever  upon  which  any  opinion 
can  be  formed.  The  arguments  which  have  been  brought  for- 
ward in  favor  of  horses  of  olden  times,  with  the  Carlisle  Geld- 
ing, and  Black  Chance,  as  examples,  require  some  little  detail 
to  confute.  It  has  been  asserted  that  '  the  former  had  no  rival 
in  carrying  all  degrees  of  weights,  in  supporting  heats,  travel- 
ling, and  constant  running,  and  this  maintained  to  an  age  sel- 
dom heard  of.'  In  searching  the  calendars,  for  the  purpose  of 
forming  tables  of  performances,  it  was  found  that  this  horse  ran 
on  several  occasions  for  selling  stakes,  at  prices  varying  from 
eighty  to  twenty  sovereigns — his  value,  therefore,  was  not  high- 
ly estimated.  Many  persons  imagine  selling  stakes  are  modern 
inventions,  but  they  were  in  effect  in  the  early  part  of  the  last 
century.  On  four  occasions  only  this  horse  carried  twelve 
stone — 168  lbs.  In  a  general  way  he  carried  light  weights, 
varying  from  eight  stone  five  to  nine  stone — 117  to  126  lbs. 
Thirteen  of  his  engagements  were  matches,  and  all  racing-men 
know  full  well  that  winning  matches  depends  more  on  the  judg- 
ment of  the  match-maker,  than  the  intrinsic  goodness  of  the 
horse.  An  animal  that  has  been  often  beaten,  cannot  with  pro- 
priety be  aggrandized  by  the  title  of  '  unrivalled.' 

"  The  eulogist  of  the  Carlisle  Gelding  has  been  equally 
ardent  in  admiration  of  Black  Chance,  concerning  whom  he 
falls  into  great  discrepancies,  which,  however,  it  is  not  worth 
while  to  enumerate,  with  the  exception  of  one  mistake.  Among 
other  races  won  in  17-40,  is  included  one  at  Oswestry,  where  he 
is  stated  to  have  carried  thirteen  stone — 182  lbs.  There  is  no 
record  in  the  Racing  Calendar  of  his  ever  carrying  more  than 
twelve  stone.  He  more  frequently  ran  with  ten,  and  sometimes 
with  only  nine. 

" '  Arthur  O'Bradley,'  says  Mr.  ^.  H.  Smith  in  his  well 
known  '  Observations  on  Breeding  for  the  Turf,'  '  won  as  many 
plates  as  almost  any  other  horse  ever  did,  at  both  high  and  low 
weights,  and  may  be  justly  said  to  be  the  best  horse  of  his 
time.'  He  is,  therefore,  a  fit  subject  for  comparison.  "When 
his  performances  are  placed  against  those  of  Euphrates,  Liston, 
and  Independence,  they  fall  into  the  shade.  Babraham  is  in- 
troduced more  in  consequence  of  his  subsequent  worth  in  the 


VENISON,  431 

stud,  than  for  liis  performances  on  the  turf ;  in  the  former  ca- 
pacity he  was  far  distinguished  above  the  average  of  his  con- 
temporaries. This  also  serves  as  an  example,  of  which  there  are 
many  modern  instances,  that  a  horse  having  won  a  great  num- 
ber of  races  is  not  invariably  the  most  successful  in  his  pro- 
geny ;  a  horse  that  has  won  a  moderate  number  of  races, 
beating  known  good  ones,  is  generally  the  most  eligible  to  breed 
from.  It  is  very  generally  considered  that  training  horses  to 
run  at  so  early  an  age  as  two  or  even  three  years  old,  must  be 
injurious  to  them  ;  that  their  joints  and  sinews  wanting  maturi- 
ty, must  suffer  and  give  way,  consequently  their  racing  career 
must  be  abbreviated.  The  means  nowadays  adopted  \vith 
foals,  from  their  infancy,  are  calculated  very  essentially  to  ob- 
viate the  effects  of  early  training ;  the  kind  of  food  with  whicli 
they,  and  also  their  dams  are  supplied,  has  the  effect  of  produ- 
cing early  development,  added  to  the  almost  imperceptible 
gi-adations  of  exercise  which  they  are  required  to  perform  ; 
these  are  subjects,  which  were  unknown  to  our  forefathers,  but 
they  will  be  more  fully  discussed  hereafter.  The  impression 
that  this  custom  shortens  the  term  of  a  horse's  racing  career, 
will  lose  ground  on  reference  to  the  table  already  given,  which 
shows  that  out  of  five  horses  of  modern  times  three  commenced 
their  running  at  two  years  old,  and  the  others  at  three. 

"  Their  continuance  on  the  turf,  fully  equals  that  of  their 
ancestors,  with  the  exception  of  Yenison,  whose  three-year-old 
performances  were  so  superlatively  excellent  as  to  render  him 
worthy  of  especial  notice.  At  that  age  he  won  twelve  races, 
many  of  them  at  long  distances,  including  five  king's  plates. 
Vans  and  railways  not  being  in  vogue,  he  travelled  on  foot  900 
miles  in  the  course  of  the  year  to  perform  his  engagements. 
He  ran  third  to  Bay  Middleton  and  Gladiator  for  the  Derby, 
and  I  perfectly  remember  the  remark  made  by  his  trainer,  Mr. 
John  Day,  on  the  morning  previous  to  the  race.  '  I  have  a  good 
horse,'  said  he,  '  and  it  must  be  a  very  good  one  to  beat  him.' 
Although  Bay  Middleton  proved  himself  a  better  horse  on  that 
occasion,  the  subsequent  running  of  Venison,  thoroughly  justified 
the  estimate  his  trainer  liad  formed  of  him.  In  the  stud  he 
attained  still  greater  eminence,  being  the  sire  of  Alarm,  Cari- 
boo, the  Ugly  Buck,  Vatican,  Buckthorn,  Kingston,  Joe  Miller, 


432  THE   HORSE. 

Ticton,  besides  many  otliers  of  good  repute.  In  his  running  he 
evinced  tlie  most  indomitable  stoutness  and  soundness  of  consti- 
tution ;  inestimable  qualities,  which  he  transmitted  to  his  stock. 
He  died  when  rising  twenty  years  old,  in  December,  1852. 

"  Regulus  is  worthy  to  be  mentioned  as  a  horse  of  great  re- 
pute in  his  time.  At  six  years  old  he  commenced  by  winning 
a  plate  of  £50.  In  the  same  year  he  won  six  king's  plates,  and 
w^alked  over  for  another  ;  when  seven  years  old,  he  again  won 
a  king's  plate,  which  finished  his  career  on  the  turf.  But  the 
career  of  Yenison  must  be  esteemed  more  brilliant,  especially 
if  his  age  be  taken  into  consideration.  Like  Babraham,  Eegu- 
lus  was  the  progenitor  of  many  valuable  horses,  and  his  blood 
is  to  be  found  in  many  studs  of  the  present  day.  This  affords 
another  illustration  of  the  remark  recently  made,  '  that  a  horse 
having  won  a  great  number  of  races  is  not  invariably  the  most 
successful  in  his  progeny.'  " 

Tlie  remarks,  which  follow  on  Euphrates,  Liston,  and  Inde- 
pendence, in  the  admirable  little  volume  from  which  I  have 
(pioted,  though  full  of  information  and  practical  knowledge  and 
utility  to  the  breeder  of  racing  stock,  are  not  of  sufiicient  in- 
terest in  this  point  of  the  question  to  render  it  advisable  to  ex- 
tract them  ;  not  so  those  concerning  Catherina,  and  the  conclu- 
sions which  are  drawn  from  the  facts  adduced ;  for  all  these  are 
invaluable,  and  as  I  have  said,  to  my  mind  most  conclusive,  as 
to  the  superiority  of  the  modern  race-horse,  not  merely  as  a 
racer,  both  for  speed,  stoutness,  and  endurance  both  of  weight 
and  distance,  but  as  to  his  capability  of  getting  hunters,  carriage- 
horses,  cavalry-chargers ;  animals,  indeed,  of  every  quality,  ex- 
cept that  needed  for  the  heaviest  draught,  immeasurably  supe- 
rior, in  all  points  of  blood,  courage  and  service,  either  to  his 
own  immediate  ancestors,  or  to  their  common  progenitor,  the 
Oriental  horse,  whether  Turk,  Barb,  or  Arab  proper. 

"Although  last  on  the  list,  Catherina  stands  prominently 
conspicuous  for  her  performances.  When  the  ability  to  carry 
weight  is  brought  forward,  this  good,  honest  creature  must  be 
introduced  as  a  worthy  example.  She  ran  and  won,  on  many 
occasions,  with  twelve  stone — 1G8  lbs. — on  her  back,  and  de- 
feated Confederate  at  York,  each  carrying  fourteen  stone — 196 
lbs. ;  and,  Confederate  having  previously  gained  distinction  at 


CATHERINA.  433 

liigli  -weights,  Catherina's  victory  was  not  a  vague  honor  of 
beating  a  competitor  of  unknown  merit." 

It  is  a  matter  greatly  to  be  regretted,  that  the  distance  at 
which  this  prodigious  weight  was  carried  in  victoriously  by  a 
race-horse,  and  the  time  in  which  the  feat  was  performed,  is  not 
given,-''  It  is  not  in  my  power  to  supply  either  deficiency.  The 
latter,  probably,  cannot  be  supplied  ;  as,  except  in  extraor- 
dinary cases,  and  then  generally  by  American  sportsmen,  who 
chance  to  be  present  on  the  courses,  time  is  rarely  taken — or  so 
taken,  as  to  be  relied  on  for  its  correctness — in  English  races. 

This  and  the  irregular  length  of  the  principal  races,  as  the 
Leger,  Derby,  T.  Y.  C,  Beacon  Course,  Round  Course,  Good- 
wood-cup and  Drawing-room  Stakes  Courses,  none  of  which 
consist  of  a  certain  number  of  full  miles,  but  of  miles  and 
fractional  parts  of  a  mile,  render  all  comparison  between  the 
merits  of  English  and  American  horses  difficult  and  embarrass- 
ing, if  not  impossible. 

"  It  seldom  happens,"  Cecil  proceeds,  "  that  a  mare  which 
has  been  kept  in  training  many  years,  however  superior  her 
performances,  has  conferred  the  same  high  character  on  her  pro- 
duce, and  as  yet  Catherina  is  not  an  exception.  Alecto,  her 
dam,  was  a  tolerably  good  mare,  but  by  no  means  first-rate. 
She  was  sold  at  four  years  old  by  Mr.  Houldsworth,  who  bred 
her,  and  her  subsequent  owner  confined  her  engagements  princi- 
pally to  running  for  country  plates,  very  much  in  fashion  at  the 
time ;  she  won  several  of  them,  but  never  betit  horses  of  high 
repute.  She  ran  frequently,  in  1827,  when  in  foal,  and  the 
result  was  a  colt  by  Banker,  which  was  never  trained.  In  1829 
she  missed  to  Whisker,  and  the  following  year  gave  birth  to  Ca- 
therina. This  circumstance  is  somewhat  remarkable,  for  it  very 
rarely  occurs  that  mares  having  been  trained  and  raced  so  se- 
verely ever  produce  foals,  until  they  have  enjoyed  at  least  five 
or  six  years  repose ;  it  confirms  the  assertion,  that  there  are  no 
positive  rules  for  the  guidance  of  breeders.  The  list  of  horses 
which  have  gained  celebrity,  by  very  frequent  running,  may 
be  brought  forward  to  the  present  day  with  good  effect,  and,  with 
the  exception  of  Catherina,  their  performances  are  equal  to  those 
already  noticed.  Clothworker,  Rataplan,  Virago,  cum  multis 
aliis^''  in  which  distinguished  position  I  shall  take  it  on  myself 
*  In  the  Racing  Calendar  for  1836,  this  race  is  given,  and  stated  to  be  two  mOea. 

Vol.  I.— 28 


434  THE   HOUSE. 

to  include  BecBwing  and  Alice  Hawthorn,  "  claim  distinguished 
position  on  the  scroll  of  fame.*  When  comparing  the  j^erform- 
ances  of  race-horses,  it  is  not  customary  to  compute  the  aggre- 
gate distances  which  thej  may  run  in  their  various  races,  and 
with  contemporaries  contending  for  races,  for  which  the  distances 
are  nearly  equal,  it  would  afford  no  criterion  ;  but  in  this  case 
it  is  a  different  affair.     The  object  is  to  determine  whether  tlie 
allegation  is  well  founded,  that  the  horses  of  the  olden  time  were 
superior  to  those  of  the  present  day  in  point  of  stoutness,  sound- 
ness, and  constitutional  stamina,  and  the  ability  to  endure  fre- 
quent running.     A  reference  to  the  table  of  performances  al- 
ready given  sets  that  question  at  rest.     The  total  number  of 
races  won  by  horses  of  modern  times  is  also  greatly  in  excess,  and 
taking  these  two  circumstances  into  consideration,  the  palm  of 
merit  for  soundness,  capability  for  frequent  running,  and  stout- 
ness, must  be  awarded  to  them.     Every  owner  of  race-horses 
and  every  tr^amer  knows  full  well^  that  frequently  running 
mode/rate  distances  tries  the  legs,  and  detects  infirmities  more  un- 
equivocally, than  occasionally  rxiniiing  long  distances.     It  is  a 
very  general  remark,  that   the  old-fashioned   distances  of  four 
miles  have  been  reduced.     That  is  true  ;  but  they  have  not  all 
been  so  materially  shortened  as  not  to  afford  good  horses  op- 
portunities for  distinction.     It  cannot  be  denied  but  that  there 
are  a  vast  number  of  races  at  short  distances,  yet  there  are  also 
many  two  miles  and  upwards,  and  many  three  miles.     The  vic- 
tories of  the  best  horses  of  the  present  day  are  most  decisive  at 
long  distances,  and  they  in  turn  passing  from  the  course  to  the 
stud,  still  maintain  their  position  as  favorites.     Two  miles  will 
determine  the  lasting  powers  of  a  horse,  if  the  pace  be  true  from 
end  to  end.     It  has  been  clearly  proved  that  the  horses  of  mod- 
ern times  are  superior  to  those  of  our  forefathers  on  the  points 
already  named  ;  but  whether  our  best  racers  could  beat  Flying 
Childers,  Regulus,   Eclipse,   Highflyer,  and  other  worthies  of 
that  time,  is  a  question  that  cannot  be  decided  ;  neither  does  it 
appear  very  important  for  practical  purposes.    On  the  capability 
of  horses  running  distances,  there  are   some  mistaken  notions 
touching  the  customs  of  our  forefathers,  and  from  the  fact  of 
their  races  in  general  being  four  miles,  it  is  conceived  that  their 
horses  were  more  capable  of  running  those  distances,  than  those 

*  Fishermau  and  Caller  On  might  be  added  to  the  above  with  great  propriety. 


INFEEIORITY    OF   THE    OLD    EACEES.  435 

we  now  possess.  It  is  an  inference,  but  nothing  more.  When 
their  horses  ran  their  four-mile  heats,  they  did  not  on  all  occa- 
sions go  their  best  pace  throughout ;  and  it  may  be  doubted 
whether  the  majority  of  the  races  which  were  run,  in  1754,  were 
so  well  calculated  to  try  the  lasting  powers  of  horses,  as  many 
of  the  races  which  took  place  in  1854." 

Thus  far  "  Cecil,"  and  thus  far  conclusively.  I,  however, 
aspire  to  go  farther,  and  contend,  that — although  it  be  not  sus- 
ceptible of  mathematical  demonstration  that  Eclipse,  Flying 
Childers,  Regulus,  Highflyer  and  others  were  not  faster  than 
the  best  modern  horses — there  is  no  earthly  reason  for  suppos- 
ing that  they  were  so,  but  rather  the  reverse.  Dismissing,  as 
the  merest  vulgar  fables,  the  mile-in-a-minute  stories,  I  have 
already  shown  that  the  other  recorded  time-trials  of  Flying 
Childers,  even  if  granted  to  be  true,  are  not  so  marvellous  or  so 
far  beyond  the  reach  of  modern  racers,  as  seems  generally  to  be 
held. 

But  these  were  only  secret  trials,  and  reliance  cannot  be  placed 
upon  them.  In  fact,  it  is  exceedingly  doubtful  to  me,  whether  in 
the  days  of  Flying  Childers,  there  were  watches  in  existence  by 
which  seconds  could  be  stopped  and  counted  with  accuracy.  At 
all  events,  it  is  clear  that  the  whole  reputation  of  these  so-styled 
phenomena,  rests  on  their  extraordinary  superiority  to  all  the 
horses  of  their  own  day.  But  the  moment  that  it  is  established, 
as  "  Cecil "  has,  I  think,  clearly  established  it,  that  the  general 
run  of  horses  of  that  day  were  intinitely  inferior  to  the  general  run 
of  horses  of  this,  in  all  the  points  wherein  they  most  strenuously 
claimed  superiority ;  the  ease  with  which  they  were  beaten  by 
the  few  true  racers  of  the  day  is  readily  accounted  for — and  the 
lact  that  they  were  easily  beaten  confers  no  such  extraordinary 
renown,  nor  presupposes  the  necessity  of  any  such  superior 
powers  in  the  victors. 

Again,  as  to  the  four-mile-heat  races,  I  deny  utterly  the 
superiority  of  the  horse  of  the  olden  time  to  the  modern,  in  this 
species  of  sport,  as  I  do  in  all  the  other  qualities  necessary  to 
constitute  a  first-rate  animal. 

It  is  not  only  an  inference,  and  nothing  more ;  but  it  is  an 
nference  resting  on  nothing,  and  contrary  to  all  analogy. 

It  will  not  be  denied,  that  in  the  United  States  four-mile- 


436  THE   H0K8E. 

lieat  racing  lias  been  practised  to  a  greater  extent,  at  gi'eater 
recorded  and  j)Ositively  established  sjpeed^  and  with  greater 
proof  of  endurance  of  fatigue,  than  it  ever  has  been  elsewhere, 
either  in  the  olden  time  or  in  the  present  day, 

Now,  the  American  four-mile-heat  racer  is,  in  fact,  nothing 
more  than  an  unmixed  descendant  of  these  very  same  worthies 
of  the  olden  day,  and  next  akin  to,  where  he  is  not  actually  the 
son  of,  some  one  or  other  of  these  despised  modern  horses  of 
England,  which,  it  is  absurdly  said,  are  degenerate. 

It  may  be  said  that  the  same  infei'ence  is  here  deducible  as 
before,  namely,  that  because  four-mile-heat  races  are  run  in 
America  and  are  not  run  in  England,  therefore,  the  American 
race-horse  is,  and  the  English  is  not,  capable  of  running  four- 
mile-heat  races. 

I  reply,  that  this,  also,  is  an  inference  resting  on  nothing, 
and  contrary  to  analogy,  and  I  proceed  to  show,  wherefore ; 

Twenty  years,  or  over,  when  lirst  I  landed  in  the  United 
States,  timing  being  at  that  time  wholly  unknown  in  Great 
Britain,  it  was  asserted  and  universally  believed  in  this  country, 
that,  because  the  English  did  not  time  their  horses  on  the  turf, 
the  English  horses  could  not  bear  timing;  which  would,  it  was 
argued,  disclose  their  inferiority,  in  point  of  speed,  to  the  race- 
horse of  this  country. 

After  awhile,  a  few  American  gentlemen  accustomed  to 
timing,  and  having  stop-watches  of  the  best  construction,  in  a 
word  "  to  the  manner  born,"  kept  the  time  of  a  St,  Leger  and 
Derby  or  two,  and  tlien  the  fact  came  out,  that,  on  several  of 
these  occasions,  the  English  horses  ran  quicker  under  heavy 
weights  than  the  best  American  horses  under  light  ones. 

Gradually,  and  reluctantly,  it  came  to  be,  and  has  of  late 
been  usually  admitted,  that  the  time  of  the  best  English  horses, 
under  heavy  weights  and  at  short  distances,  is  quite  equal, 
if  not  superior,  to  that  of  the  best  horses  here.  For  example, 
in  Yol,  XI,,  American  Turf  Eegister,  I  find  the  following 
passage  ; 

"  Nothing  is  so  interesting  to  American  turfmen  as  to  ascer- 
tain the  exact  time  in  which  the  English  race-horse  performs  a 
given  distance.  We  have  a  memorandum  before  us,  made  by 
an  American  gentleman,  who  attended  the   recent   Liverpool 


ENGLISH   RACE   COURSES.  437 

July  meeting,  in  regard  to  the  time  made  by  Lord  Westminster's 
Sleight-of-Hand,  by  Pantaloon,  who  won  the  Tradesman's  Cuid 
this  year,  beating  Charles  XII.,  Cruiskeen,  Deception,  and  thir- 
teen others.  The  race  was  run  on  the  15th  of  July,  the  day  was 
tine,  not  at  all  warm,  and  the  course  inline  order.  The  distance 
was  two  miles  exactly,  and  Sleight-of-Hand,  a  four-year-old,  and 
carrying  109  lbs,  performed  it  in  3m.  36s. !  The  race  is  described 
as  a  very  splendid  one,  the  winner,  Sampson,  and  Charles  XII., 
"  being  so  closely  handicapped  that  Sleight-of-Hand  won  only 
by  a  neck,  Sampson  beating  Charles  XII.  for  the  second  place 
nearly  hy  a  head.  But  the  most  wonderful  circumstance  yet 
remains  to  be  told  ;  Charles  XII.,  who  came  so  near  winning, 
is  himself  but  a  four-year-old,  and  yet  carried  125  lbs. — only 
a  pound  less  than  an  aged  horse  carries  on  the  Union  Course  ! 

"  The  Derby  handicap,  run  on  the  same  day,  was  won  by 
Lord  George  Bentinck's  Capote,  by  Yelocipede ;  he,  3  years 
old,  with  93  lbs.  on  his  back,  ran  once  round  and  a  distance, 
called  a  Tiiile,  in  one  minute  and  forty-seven  seconds.  This,  if 
the  distance  be  accurately  measured,  it  would  not  be  impossible 
for  us  to  beat ;  but  the  performance  of  Charles  XII.  is  really 
wonderful."— Ed.  Am.  T.  K. 

In  reference  to  the  measurement  of  the  English  courses,  1 
quote  again  from  the  same  work,  vol.  xi.,  p.  243,  a  writer,  under 
the  signature  D.,  for  whom  the  Editor  vouches  as  "  a  practical 
breeder  and  tuii'man  of  thirty  years  standing,"  and  as  one  than 
wdiom  "  no  gentleman  in  the  Union  is  more  familiar  with  the 
difi'erent  strains  of  blood  which  have  appeared  on  both  sides  of 
the  Atlantic,"  testifies  as  follows  ; 

"  Your  correspondent  doubts  the  speed  of  English  horses, 
and  talks  of  the  reputed  length  of  courses.  On  that  subject  I 
would  observe  to  him,  that  the  course  at  Doncaster  has  been 
accurately  measured  in  the  presence  of  Americans,  and  some  of 
the  fastest  races  have  been  timed  by  our*  countrymen,  with 
watches  made  expressly  for  the  purpose.  The  same  remark  ap- 
plies to  ^m^ree,  near  Liverpool,"  the  course,  be  it  observed,  over 
which  the  races  last  named  were  run  ! 

*  It  may  not  be  amiss,  nor  will  be  improper,  here  to  specify  two  well-known  and 
thorough  sportsmen,  Messrs.  Frank  Corbyn,  of  Virginia,  and  Boardman  of  Hunt's 
Mills,  as  timers  of  English  races. 


438  THE   HORSE. 

"  A  personal  view  of  the  English  horses,  and  of  English  ra- 
cing, has  convinced  me  that  their  horses  have  more  speed  than 
ours,  and  greater  capacity  for  carrying  weight.  Now,  these 
things  admitted,  and  I  think  no  well  informed  man  will  deny  it, 
there  is  little  reason  to  suspect  that  they  have  less  game  and 
bottom,  as  they  are  descended  from  the  same  root,  and  bred 
with  the  greatest  care  and  attention." 

The  question  of  superior  speed,  has  been  apparently  given 
up.  Anotlier  writer,  who  concedes  the  fact  of  greater  speed  in 
England  at  higli  weights,  inquires  if  the  difference  may  not  be 
attributed  to  the  superiority  of  the  tui'f  courses  in  England. 
Being  familiar  with  most  of  the  race-courses  in  England,  and  all 
the  Northern  courses  of  the  United  States,  I  should  reply  that 
I  greatly  doubt  the  superiority  of  tlie  turf  course,  for  the  making 
of  good  time,  as  a  general  rule,  though  it  perhaps  is  less  hard 
uj^on  the  feet. 

When  a  turf  course  is  in  its  most  perfect  condition,  which 
is  not  once  in  a  hundred  times,  it  is,  perhaps,  in  all  respects 
more  favorable  to  pace  than  any  American  course  in  the  same 
condition.  But  when  the  ground  is  thoroughly  dry  and  baked, 
and  the  grass,  as  I  have  often  seen  it,  burnt  till  it  is  as  slippery, 
almost,  as  ice ;  or  when,  as  is,  I  might  say,  generally  the  case 
under  the  weeping  skies  of  England,  the  grass  course  is  fetlock 
deep  in  stiff  mud,  covered  with  a  tenacious  sod,  it  is  worse  than 
any  thing  I  have  ever  seen  on  any  course,  even  Camden,  in  the 
United  States.  I  'am  certain  that  I  have  seen  Knavesmire,  at 
York,  and  from  the  hill  to  the  Red-house  and  thence  half  way 
home,  at  Doncaster,  ten  seconds,  at  least,  worse  in  the  mile, 
than  ever  I  saw  an}^  part  of  any  race-course  on  this  side  the 
water. 

I  do,  however,  believe  that  there  is  a  manifest  advantage, 
especially  for  lengthy  horses,  in  the  larger  size  and  less  abrupt 
turns  of  the  English  race-courses.  I  have  seen  that  noble  race- 
horse, Mingo,  who,  for  shapes  was  almost  my  beau  ideal  of  the 
animal,  suffer  repeatedly  from  being  pulled  out  of  his  stride,  in 
order  to  get  round  the  awkward  short  turns  of  tlie  Union  Course, 
and  I  have  not  a  doubt  that  either  on  the  Beacon,  which  is 
straight,  or  on  the  Goodwood  Course,  which  is  arranged  in  long 
sweeping  curves  without  any  sudden  corner,  he  or  any  other 


GAME    OF   ENGLISH   HOESES. 


439 


good  great  horse  would  improve,  other  things  alike,  on  his 
American  time. 

Again,  I  am  decidedly  of  opinion  that  the  use  of  heavy 
weights,  as  on  the  British  Turf,  is  of  as  much  profit  as  loss  to  the 
horses  ridden,  in  allowing  the  riders  to  be  men^  who  can  control 
the  animals,  restrain  or  call  out  their  powers  to  the  utmost,  and 
who  in  head,  heart,  seat  and  hand,  are  horsemen  to  perfection, 
instead  of  cliildren^  who,  half  the  time,  have  as  much  as  they 
can  do  to  hang  on  by  the  reins,  and  are  run  away  with  from  the 
score  to  the  winning-post,  utterly  unable  either  to  judge  of  the 
pace  they  are  going,  or  to  regulate  it  if  they  were. 

But  in  regard  to  the  bottom  of  English  horses,  I  desire  to 
point  out  first,  that  it  has  already  been  shown,  sujpi-a^  p.  359,  that 
a  number  of  extremely  indifferent  race-horses  did  make,  under 
enormous  weight,  as  we  regard  it  here — 154  lbs. — very  respect- 
able time ;  and  one  horse* — by  no  means  above  a  third-rate 
according  to  his  previous  character,  or  unusually  powerful  or 
like  a  weight  carrier — made  very  excellent  time  in  the  Osbal- 
deston  match,  as  admitted  by  the  Americans  who  purchased 
him  after  the  Newmarket  Houghton  meeting  of  1831. 

Again,  I  quote  from  the  American  Sporting  Magazine,  Vol. 
XI.,  p.  301,  from  the  article  of  a  very  sound  and  brilliant  writer, 
who  took  ground  against  a  strange  fallacy  broached  at  that  time, 
viz.,  that  English  and  American  thoroughbreds  had  degenerated 
owing  to  their  being  too  thoroughbred. 

"  We  are  entirely  too  much,''  says  he,  "  in  the  habit  of  under- 
rating the  bottom  of  the  English  horses — when  the  truth  is,  the 
thoroughbred  of  both  countries  are  almost  the  same;  but  they  have 
attended  more  to  the  purity  oi pedigree,  speed,  and  a  capacity  to 
carry  weight.  Now,  I  opine  this  system  is  not  calculated  to 
lessen  his  lastingness  ;  at  the  same  time,  I  must  aver  that  the 
possession  of  great  speed  is  by  no  means  an  indication  of  want 

of  game,  and  if  '  P ,'  will  try  the  experiment  of  running  a 

slow  game  horse  after  a  fleet  thoroughbred,  he  will  hereafter  be 
willing  to  cross  with  some  strong  speedy  horse,  though  he  may 
have  broken  down  young. 

*  Tranby  was  not  comparable  in  power,  any  more  than  in  speed,  to  Lottery, 
Plenipotentiary,  or  twenty  others. 


440  THE   HORSE. 

"  A  word,  on  the  subject  of  game  in  the  English  horses,  and 
I  will  close  this  piece. 

"  At  the  last  Doncaster  races,  a.  d.  1839,  Opera,  sister  to 
Burletta  by  Actseon,  on  Tuesday  won  the  Cleveland  stakes,  one 
mile,  16  subscribers.  On  Wednesday  she  won  the  Corporation 
plate,  two-mile  heats,  winning  the  first  and  third  heats  ;  and  on 
Friday,  two  days  after  only,  she  won  the  town  plate,  two-mile 
heats,  at  four  heats,  winning  the  second  heat,  the  third  heat  being 
a  dead  heat  between  her  and  Humphrey,  and  then  won  the 
fourth  heat,  the  last  mile  of  which  she  ran  in  Im.  49s.,  with  119 

lbs.  on  her,  she  then  four  years  old.     Now  if  '  P '  will  not 

admit  this  to  be  a  game  nag,  he  must  be  hard  to  satisfy.  Opera 
is  a  good  nag,  but  by  no  means  at  the  head  of  the  English  Turf. 
Her  performance,  there,  is  no  marvel ;  and  perhaps  in  Carolina 
they  might  place  a  low  estimate  on  it,  but  I  am  certain  that 
Crusader  would  have  found  himself  in  bad  company  with  her. 
Each  heat  was  well  contested — the  last  mile  of  the  second  heat 
was  run  in  Im.  48s. ;  the  last  mile  in  third,  in  Im.  50s. ;  and  the 
last  mile  in  the  fourth  heat  in  Im.  49s. — timed  by  an  American 
now  in  this  country.  The  shape  of  the  course  enables  a  spec- 
tator to  time  the  last  mile  correctly." 

It  is  a  remarkable  fact,  that,  in  1826,  I  saw  myself  the  very 
counterpart  of  this  race,  run  for  the  same  Corporation  plate,  the 
account  of  which  I  take  from  "  The  Annals  of  Sporting  "  of  that 
year,  but  I  myself  remember  the  circumstances  as  if  they  were 
but  of  yesterday. 

Purity,  the  winner  of  the  town  plate,  had  on  Wednesday 
won  the  all-age  stakes,  St.  Leger  Course, — two  miles,  less  312 
yards — in  3m.  37s.,  carrying  107  lbs.  at  four  years  old.  The 
all-a^e  stakes  is  a  selhno-  stake.  The  winner  liable  to  be  claimed 
at  200  sovereigns,  but  not  deliverable  until  the  end  of  the  meet- 
ing. I  mention  this  to  show  precisely  how  near  to  the  head  of 
the  turfVuvitj  stood,  and,  as  a  consequence.  Opera  likewise. 

Indeed  it  is  notorious  to  every  English  turfman  that  no  owner 
will  enter  a  valuable  horse  or  mare  for  a  race  which  takes  so 
much  out  of  the  animal,  while  the  gain — £100 — is  so  small,  and 
the  renown,  to  be  got  by  beating  inferior  horses,  nothing. 

The  race  in  1826  was  as  follows.     Unfortunately  no  time 


PURITY   AND   BKOWNLOCK.  441 

was  kept ;  but  this  detracts  in  nothing  from  the  stanchness  or 
capacity  to  repeat  in  the  horses. 

One  hundred  pound  plate  for  three  and  four  years  old.     Three,  7  st.  5  lbs.— 103  lbs. ;  and  four, 
8  St.  7  lbs.— 119  lbs.    Maiden  colts  allowed  2  lbs.,  and  maiden  fillies  3  lbs.    Two-mile  heats. 

Lord  Kelburn's  ch.  f.  Purity,  by  Octavia,  4  years,         .        .       .  4    8    10    1 

Mr.  Puchards'  bl.  c.  Broicnlock,  4  yrs 16202 

Sir  J.  Byng's  ch.  c.  Thales,  by  Tramp,  4  yrs 5    10    8    3 

Sir  Wm.  Milner's  b.  c.  by  Tramp,  3  yrs 6    2    3       dr. 

Mr.  Eidsdale's  br.  c.  by  Oiseau,  3  yrs 3    4    0      dr. 

Duke  of  Leeds'  bl.  c.  by  Crowcatcher,  3  yrs H    5    dr. 

Each  heat  was  most  obstinately  contested,  and  a  vast  deal  of 
betting  between  Purity  and  Brownlock.  The  course  was  nearly 
deserted  before  the  contest  was  over,  the  deciding  heat  being 
absolutely  run  by  twilight. 

From  these  data — the  running,  I  mean,  in  Osbaldeston's  two 
hundred  mile  match,  and  that  in  the  two  minor  races  described 
above,  the  counterparts  of  which,  had  one  the  time  to  hunt  them 
up,  and  tlie  space  to  record  them,  might  be  reproduced  a  hun- 
dred times  from  the  annual  racing  calendars  of  English  provin- 
cial meetings — I  deduce  this  fact,  and  challenge  denial  or  dis- 
proval,  that  English  thoroughbred  racers  of  inferior  grade  on 
the  Turf,  do  still  retain  the  capacity  to  rim  long  heats  as  stoutly 
and  gamely  as  they  ever  did,  and  that  at  unusual  weights  and 
in  respectable  time. 

I  say  that  second  and  third-rate  horses,  horses  valued  at 
£200  and  under,  can  do  this ;  and  that  first-rate  horses,  valued 
at  £1,000  and  upwards,  cannot  do  it  at  all,  or  cannot  do  it  as 
gamely  and  in  better  time  than  their  own  inferiors,  is  simply  to 
talk  nonsense. 

Again  ;  to  say  that  a  horse,  which  can  run  sixteen  miles  in 
four  four-mile  heats,  in  33m.  19s.,  with  154  pounds  on  his  back, 
could  not  run  the  same  number  of  heats  of  the  same  length,  in 
much  better  time,  with  only  114  pounds  on  his  back,  is  absurd. 

So  it  is  absurd  to  say  that  a  much  better,  stouter,  fleeter,  in 
every  way  superior  animal,  could  not  run  the  same  race,  under 
the  same  conditions,  in  better  time  than  its  inferior.  In  other 
words,  that  Tranby,  with  154  pounds  on  his  back,  could  run 
sixteen  miles  at  four-mile  heats  in  such  time,  but  that  Eleur-de-lis, 
or  Glencoe,  or  Plenipotentiary,  could  not^  or  could  not,  with  that 


442  THE   HORSE. 

or  40  pounds  less  weiglit  on  tlieir  backs,  beat  the  time  in  a  can- 
ter, at  1,000  to  1,  and  no  takers. 

The  idea  of  sustaining  such  a  paradox  is  idle.  "  Cecil "  has 
well  stated  that  a  horse  which  can  run  with  eight  stone  on  his 
back  can  run  with  nine,  against  equal  horses  equally  weighted, 
imelss  he  be  such  a  weed  as  ought  not  to  run  at  all. 

But  no  one  ever  doubted,  I  presume,  who  was  capable  of 
forming  an  opinion,  that  every  horse  which  is  capable  of  carry- 
ing nine  stone  is  capable  of  carrying  eight  a  good  deal  faster. 

I  hold  it,  therefore,  proved,  as  I  have  stated  above,  that  the 
inference^  that  the  modern  English  horse  cannot  run  distances 
equally  well  with  his  own  ancestors,  or  with  the  modern  Amer- 
ican horse,  is  not  only  a  onere  inference,  but  an  inference  con- 
trary to  analogy. 

There  is  yet  another  argument,  and  one  yet  stronger,  which 
I  have  to  produce  on  this  point,  viz. 

In  later  years  the  American  time  of  four-mile-heat  races  has 
immeasurably  improved. 

In  later  years  the  importation  of  modern  English  racing 
stallions  has  immeasurably  increased,  and  the  stock  of  these 
imported  stallions  are  now  running  every  where  on  terms  of 
equality  with  the  progeny  of  the  best  native  sires. 

And,  to  borrow,  for  the  last  time,  from  the  writer  before 
quoted  in  the  American  Sporting  Magazine,  Yol.  XL,  p.  242, 
"  On  a  fair  investigation  of  all  the  races  in  our  country,  it  will 
be  found  that  the  imported  horses,  and  the  colts  of  imported 
horses,  have  won  a  full  share  of  all  the  purses,  and  at  all  dis- 
tances, including  four-mile  heats.  They  are  not  better  than 
our  own  thoroughbreds,  but  they  are  equally  good,  and  more 
generally  cross  well." 

This,  be  it  observed,  is  not  my  opinion,  but  that  of  an  intel- 
ligent, well-known  American  breeder  and  turfman,  of  thirty 
years'  experience  on  the  turf.  His  opinion,  I  think,  moreover, 
will  be  fully  borne  out  by  the  tables  at  the  end  of  the  volume, 
which  I  have  with  great  labor  compiled  from  such  materials  as 
I  could  obtain,  on  the  plan  of  the  English  tables  above  quoted, 
of  the  number  of  winners  got  by  American  stallions  of  time  past 
and  present,  native  and  imported,  and  of  the  performances  of 
American  horses  born  of  native  and  imported  sires. 


PRESENT  STATE  OF  THE  THOEOUGHBEED.         443 

These  show,  if  I  err  not  the  more  widely,  that  the  stock  of 
English  horses  do  their  work  at  long  distances  in  America,  with 
no  signs  of  degeneracy.  How  then  should  the  sires  be  degene- 
rate ? 

Fortes  creantur  fortibus  et  bonis 
Est  in  juvencis,  est  in  equis  patrum 
Virtus,  nee  imbellem  feroces 
Progenerant  aquilae  columbam.  Horace. 

And  here,  having,  as  I  consider,  fully  shown  that  the  idea 
of  degeneracy  from  the  original  ancestry,  whether  on  the  part 
of  the  English  or  American  thoroughbred  horse  of  to-day,  is  an 
idle  and  ahsurd  fallacy  ;  and  that,  on  the  contrary,  not  only  is 
the  breed  the  very  best  breed  that  ever  has  existed  in  the  world, 
but  that  it  exists  to-day  in  greater  purity,  power,  vigor,  and 
efficiency  for  all  purposes  of  utility,  with  the  sole  exception  of 
heavy  draught,  than  it  ever  has  before — not  to  say  in  a  sphere 
immeasurably  increased,  and  in  numbers  infinitely  extended — 
I  will  pass  on  to  other  parts  of  my  subject,  and  endeavor  to 
show  how  we  may  continue  to  produce  him  of  the  higliest  stand- 
ard, and  how  use  him  with  the  greatest  profit  and  pleasure  to 
ourselves,  and,  as  in  duty  bound,  with  the  greatest  ease,  well- 
being  and  happiness  to  himself. 


EDITORIAL   NOTE. 

*  (P.  426.)  Tranby  mares  have  proved  fine  breeders.  The  celebrated  race- 
horses Vandal  and  Alaric  were  out  of  a  Tranby  mare.  Pie  sired  Creath,  Tom 
Roots,  and  Dolly  Dixon  also.  lie  was  removed  to  Missouri,  where  he  had  no 
chance  to  cover  thoroughbreds,  and  might  as  well  have  been  dead,  so  far  aa 
making-  a  turf  reuutation  is  concerned. 


ENGLISH  AND  AMEKICAN  YIEWS 

OF  THE 

PAST   AIS^D   PRESENT   CONDITION   OF   THE  THOROUGHBRED  HORSE. 


PRESENT    SPEED    OF   THE   KACEHOKSE. 
From  Stonehenge. 

By  an  examination  of  the  racing  time-tables  as  recorded  of 
late  years,  it  will  be  seen  tliat  from  13 i  to  14  seconds  per  furlong 
is  the  highest  rate  of  speed  attained  in  any  of  our  races,  above 
a  mile,  and  with  8  st.  7  lbs.  carried  by  three-year-old  horses.  In 
184:6,  Surplice  and  Cymba  won  the  Derby  and  Oaks,  each  run- 
ning the  distance  in  2m,  48s.,  or  exactly  14  seconds  per  furlong. 
This  rate  has  never  since  that  time  been  reached ;  the  Flying 
Dutchman  having,  however,  nearly  attained  it,  but  failing  by 
two  seconds — making  his  rate  14  seconds  and  one  sixth  per  fur- 
long. But  the  most  extraordinary  three-year-old  performance 
is  that  of  Sir  Tatton  Sykes  over  the  St.  Leger  Course,  1  mile,  6 
furlongs,  and  132  yards  in  length,  which  he  ran  in  3  minutes 
and  16  seconds,  or  at  a  rate  of  as  nearly  as  possible  131  seconds 
per  furlong.  With  an  additional  year  and  the  same  weight,  this 
speed  has  been  slightly  exceeded  by  "West  Australian,  even  over 
a  longer  course,  as  at  Ascot  in  1854,  when  he  defeated  Kingston 
by  a  head  only  ;  running  two  miles  and  four  furlongs  in  4m. 
and  27s.,  or  as  nearly  as  possible  at  the  rate  of  13i  seconds  and 
one-third  per  furlong.  This  performance  is  the  best  in  modern 
days,  considering  the  weight,  the  age,  and  the  distance  ;  and  it 


rmST   AUSTRALIAN.  445 

will  compare  very  favorably  with  the  often-quoted  exploit  of 
Childers  over  the  Beacon  Course  in  1721,  when,  being  six  years 
old,  he  beat  Almanzor  and  Brown  Betty,  carrying  9  st.  2  lbs., 
and  doing  the  distance  in  6m.  40s.,  or  at  the  rate  of  14  seconds 
and  one-third  per  furlong.  Thus,  allowing  him  his  year  for  the 
extra  mile  in  the  course,  and  for  the  21bs.  which  he  carried 
above  Kingston's  weight,  he  was  outdone  by  the  latter  horse 
at  Ascot  by  one  second  per  furlong,  and  likewise  by  West 
Australian  at  the  usual  allowance  for  his  age.  Again  ;  com- 
paring these  performances  on  the  English  Turf  with  the  recently 
lauded  exploits  of  the  American  horses,  it  will  be  found  that 
there  is  no  cause  for  the  fear  lest  our  antagonists  in  the  "  go- 
ahead  "  department  should  deprive  us  of  our  laurels.  On  the 
2d  of  April,  1855,  a  time-match  was  run  at  ISTew  Orleans  be- 
tween Lecomte  and  Lexington,  both  four  years  old,  in  which 
the  latter,  who  won,  did  the  four  miles,  carrying  7  st.  5  lbs., 
in  7m.  19|s.,  or,  as  nearly  as  may  be,  13|-  seconds  per  fur- 
long. This  is  considered  by  the  Americans  the  best  time  on 
record,  aud  is  undoubtedly  a  creditable  jDcrformance ;  though 
when  the  light  weight  is  taken  into  account,  not  so  near  our 
best  English  time  as  would  at  first  sight  appear.  On  the 
14th  of  April,  Brown  Dick  and  Arrow  ran  three  miles  over 
the  same  course  in  5m.  28s.,  or  at  the  rate  of  13  seconds  and 
two-thirds  per  furlong ;  the  former  a  three-year-old,  carrying 
6  st.  2  lbs.,  and  the  latter  five  years  old,  6  st.  12  lbs.  Thus  it 
will  appear  that  Kingston,  of  the  same  age  as  Arrow,  and 
carrying  9st.  instead  of  7  st.  12  lbs.,  ran  2^  miles  at  a  better 
rate  than  Arrow  did  his  3  miles,  by  one-third  of  a  second 
per  furlong.  And  it  has  been  shown  that  in  the  year  last 
past,  two  horses  exceeded  the  greatest  performance  of  the 
olden  times  by  a  second  per  furlong,  and  beat  the  best  Ame- 
rican time  of  modern  days  by  one-third  of  a  second  per  mile. 
The  assertion,  therefore,  that  our  present  horses  are  degen- 
erated in  their  power  of  staying  a  distance  under  weight,  is 
wholly  without  foundation ;  since  I  have  shown  that,  even 
taking  the  time  of  the  Childers'  performance  as  the  true  rate, 
of  which  there  is  some  doubt,  yet  it  has  recently  been  beaten 
very  considerably  by  West  Australian  and  Kingston.  Many 
loose  assertions  have  been  made  as   to  the  rate  of  the  horse. 


446  THE   nOKSE. 

for  a  single  mile  in  the  last  century,  but  there  is  not  the  slight- 
est reliance  to  be  placed  upon  them.  That  any  race-horse  ever 
ran.  a  mile  within  the  minute,  is  an  absurd  fiction ;  and  it  is 
out  of  the  question  to  suppose  that  if  Childers  could  not  beat 
our  modern  horses  over  the  Beacon  Course,  he  could  beat  them 
a  shorter  distance.  Stoutness  was  undoubtedly  the  forte  of  the 
early  race-horses ;  they  were  of  small  size,  very  wiry  and  low, 
and  could  unquestionably  stay  a  distance,  and  could  race 
month  after  month,  and  year  after  year,  in  a  way  seldom  imi- 
tated in  these  days ;  but  that  they  could  in  their  small  compact 
forms  run  as  fast  in  a  short  spin  as  our  modern  three-year-olds, 
is  quite  a  fallacy  ;  and  no  racing  man  of  any  experience  would 
admit  it  for  a  moment.  ' 

The  size  and  shape  of  the  modern  thoroughbred  horse  are 
superior  to  those  of  olden  days,  if  we  may  judge  by  the  portraits 
of  them  handed  down  to  us  by  Stubbs,  who  was  by  far  the  most 
faithful  animal  painter  of  the  eighteenth  century.  In  elegance 
of  shape  we  beat  the  horses  of  that  day  very  considerably,  more 
especially  in  the  beauty  of  the  head  and  the  formation  of  the 
shoulders,  which  have  been  much  attended  to  by  breeders.  In 
size,  also,  there  has  been  an  immense  stride  made,  the  average 
height  of  the  race-horse  having  been  increased  by  at  least  a 
hand  within  the  last  century.  This  enlargement  is,  I  believe, 
chiefly  due  to  the  GodoliDhin  Arabian,  who  was  the  sire  of 
Babraham,  the  only  horse  of  his  time  which  reached  16  hands, 
and  sire  or  grandsire  of  several  which  were  more  than  15  hands, 
much  above  the  average  height  of  horses  at  that  time — as,  for 
instance.  Fearnought,  Genius,  Gower  Stallion,  Infant,  Denmark, 
Bolton,  Cade,  Chub,  Lofty,  and  Amphion.  Indeed  it  will  be 
found,  by  an  examination  of  the  horses  of  that  time,  that  out  of 
130  winners  in  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century,  there 
were  only  18  of  the  height  of  15  hands  and  upwards,  of  which 
11  were  by  Godolphin  or  his  sons,  three  descended  from  the 
Darley  Arabian,  two  from  the  Byerley  Turk,  and  two  from 
other  sources.  It  may  therefore  be  assumed,  with  some  degree 
of  probability,  that  the  increase  in  size  is  in  great  measure  due 
to  the  Godolphin,  in  addition  to  the  extra  care  and  attention 
which  the  horse  has  received  during  the  same  time.  ISTeverthe- 
less,  all  the  care  and  forcing  in  the  world  will  not  increase  the 


COilPAEISONS    OF    SPEED.  447 

size  of  some  breeds  ;  and  unless  there  was  this  capability  of 
being  forced,  no  amount  of  attention  would  have  brought  the 
horse  to  the  present  average,  which  may  be  placed  at  about  15 
liands  3  inches. 


COMPARISOInS    of    speed,    etc.,    between    ENGLISH    AND    AMERICAN 

HORSES. 

From  the  Spirit  of  the  Times. 

It  will  appear,  on  a  critical  examination  of  the  subject,  that 
there  is  not  much  difference  in  the  powers  of  the  best  race-horses 
for  more  than  a  century ;  a  period  during  which  they  have  been 
brought,  upon  both  sides  of  the  Atlantic,  to  the  present  high 
state  of  perfection.  "Within  the  last  two  years  have  been  exhib- 
ited faster  running  in  England,  by  West  Australian  and  Kings- 
ton, and  in  this  country,  by  Lexington  and  Lecomte,  than  was 
ever  before  known.  The  two  last  have  run  four  miles,  and  four- 
mile  heats,  faster,  in  either  case,  than  has  been  performed  in 
England.  "  Stonehenge,"  who  has  been  well  endorsed  in  Eng- 
land, has  shown  "the  absurd  fiction"  of  "a  mile  within  a 
minute;"  and  that  there  is  "not  the  slightest  reliance  to  be 
placed  upon  the  many  loose  assertions  " — such  as  the  reported 
accounts  of  Childers  ;  and  that  he  and  Eclipse  were  "  a  distance 
better  than  any  other  horses  that  have  appeared,"  or  that  they 
"  could  beat  any  other  a  half-mile  in  four  miles !  "  On  the  same 
authority,  it  appears  that,  in  the  fastest  Derby,  St.  Leger,  and 
Ascot  cup  races,  as  won  by  Surplice,  the  Flying  Dutchman,  Sir 
Tatton  Sykes,  Don  John,  and  "West  Australian,  the  distance 
varying  from  one  mile  and  a  half  to  two  miles  and  a  half,  that 
the  fastest  rate,  with  English  weights,  has  been  a  little  over  one 
minute  and  forty  seconds  per  mile."'-''  We  have  no  authentic 
report  that  the  mile  has  been  run  in  England  under  one  minute 
and  forty-two  seconds,  the  time  of  Henry  Perritt  at  New  Orleans. 
Nominally  of  the  same  age,  three  years  old,  and  with  the  same 
weight,  86  lbs.,  Inheritor,  at  Liverpool,  ran  two  miles  in  3.25  ; 
which  is  at  the  rate  per  mile  of  1.42^.  "  Stonehenge,"  referring 
to  what  he  considers  the  best  race  ever  run  in  England,  states 

*  We  liavo  no  authentic  data  to  say  tliat  Ilenrj  Perritt  ever  ran  a  mile  in  1.42J. 
It  is  all  surmise,  as  stated  on  page  B37. — Ed. 


448  THE   nORSE. 

that  West  Australian,  four  years  old,  carrying  tlie  St.  Leger 
weight,  8  st,  6  lbs. — 118  pounds — "  defeated  Kingston  by  ahead 
only,"  the  latter  five  years  old,  carrying  9  st. — 126  pounds — 
running  two  and  a  half  miles  in  4.27,  "  or,  as  nearly  as  possible, 
13|-  seconds  per  furlong."  "  This  performance,  the  best  of 
modern  days,  considering  the  weight,  the  age,  and  the  distance, 
Avill  compare  very  favorably  with  the  often  quoted  exploit  of 
Childers,  in  1721,  at  ISTewmarket,  when  being  six  years  old, 
carrying  9  st.  21bs. — 128  pounds — he  did  the  distance,  three  and 
a  half  miles,  in  6m.  40s.,  or  at  the  rate  of  14  seconds  and  one- 
third  per  furlong."  "  Thus  allowing  Childers  his  year  for  the 
extra  mile  in  the  course,  and  for  the  two  pounds  which  he 
carried  above  Kingston's  weight,  he,  Childers,  was  outdone  by 
Kingston  at  Ascot,  by  one  second  per  furlong,  and  likewise  by 
West  Australian,  at  the  usual  allowance  for  his  age."  "  Kings- 
ton, of  the  same  age  as  Arrow,  and  carrying  9  st.  instead  ot 
6  St.  2  lbs. — 100  pounds — ran  two  and  a  half  miles  at  a  better  rate 
than  Arrow,  in  his  race  with  Brown  Dick,  did  his  three  miles, 
by  one-third  of  a  second  per  furlong."  But  Arrow's  was  a  race 
of  three-mile  heats,  the  third  heat  in  5m.  43^s.  Lexington, 
nominally  four  years  old,  carrying  103  pounds,  ran  four  miles, 
also  at  New  Orleans,  in  Ym.  19|s.,  or,  as  nearly  as  may  be, 
13|-  seconds  per  fui-long,  at  the  rate,  for  four  miles,  of  less  than 
Im.  50s.  per  mile. 

The  often  quoted  exj^loit  of  Eclipse,  of  England,  was  that  he 
ran  four  miles,  carrying  168  pounds,  in  eight  minutes. 

With  these  data  before  them,  it  is  left  for  others  to  draw 
their  own  deductions  of  the  relative  merits  of  West  Australian, 
Childers,  Eclipse,  and  Lexington,  at  the  distances  they  ran, 
varying  from  two  and  a  half  miles  to  four. 

Some  among  us  believe  that  Lexington  and  Lecomte  were 
about  as  last  and  as  good  race-horses  as  have  ever  appeared  in 
England.  Undoubtedly  they  could  "stay  a  distance"  about  as 
well  as  any  horse  that  has  run  anywhere,  having  run  two  heats, 
of  four  miles,  in  7m.  26s,  and  7m.  38fs.,  and  the  third  mile  of 
the  second  heat  in  Im.  47s. 

It  would  be  a  difficult  task  to  institute  a  fair  comparison 
between  the  race-horses  of  England  and  America,  the  systems 
of  racing  being  so  different  in  the  two  countries.     With  the 


ENGLISH    AND    AMEEICAN    RACERS. 


449 


exception  of  the  light  weights,  adopted  by  us  for  convenience, 
the  modes  and  rules  of  our  turf  are  nearly  the  same  as  they 
M^ere  in  England  the  last  century.  In  England,  since  that 
period,  the  mode  of  racing  has  been  essentially  changed  :  heavy 
weights,  even  for  two  and  three-year-olds,  at  short  distances, 
rarely  beyond  two  and  a  half  miles  ;  no  longer  races  of  heats  ; 
the  great  events  being  for  "  baby  horses,"  two  and  three-year- 
olds,  instead  of  Jiorses,  as  formerly.  Tliey  rarely,  nowadays, 
reach  maturity  in  England.  Priam,  Touchstone,  Harkaway, 
and  E-ataplan,  are  to  be  regarded  as  exceptions  to  a  rule.  Cliil- 
ders  and  Eclipse  were^  not  introduced  upon  the  turf  until  live 
years  old,  an  age  at  which  the  most  distinguished  horses  rarely 
run  in  these  days. 

The  elastic  turf  and  the  straighter  shape  of  the  English  race- 
courses, better  adapt  them  to  speed  than  our  circular  "  race- 
tracks," that  are  wholly  denuded  of  turf.  Therefore  a  fair  com- 
parison of  English  and  American  race-horses  cannot  be  made 
by  time  as  the  test ;  one,  too,  that  is  not  held  in  as  high  esteem 
in  England  as  with  us.    Time,  there,  is  frequently  disregarded. 

Rather  a  long  catalogue  is  here  presented  of  the  best  race- 
horses of  England  and  of  this  country,  which  might  be  extended. 
Those  now  or  lately  upon  our  turf  are  omitted,  as  some  doubts 
might  be  entertained  of  their  comparative  merits.  Of  those 
furnished,  who  will  agree  as  to  the  pre-eminence  of  any  two  of 
them ;  at  least,  to  place  any  six  above  the  rest  ? 


MOST   REXOWNED    ENGLISH   AND   AMERICAN   HOKSES. 


1715*  Childers. 

1777*t  Dioraed. 

1718*  Partner. 

1782t  Trurapator. 

1748*  Matchem. 

1784t  Sir  Peter. 

1749*  Regulus,  )       by  the  Go- 

1790t  Waxy. 

17-i9    Mirza,      )  dolphin  Arabian. 

1792t  Hambletonian, 

1749*  Spectator. 

1796t  Sorcerer. 

1750*  Snap. 

1798t  Eleanor. 

1758*  Ilerod. 

1798t  Orville. 

1764*  Eclipse,  by  Marske. 

1807t  Whalebone. 

1771*  Shark,  by  Marske. 

1816    Sultan. 

1773*  Pot8os,  by  Eclipse. 

1822    Camel. 

*  Saltram,  by  Eclipse. 

18271  Priam,  by  Emilius.t 

•  Boston's  ancestors. 

t  Derby  and  St.  Leger  winners. 

Vol.  I.— 29 

450 


THE   HORSE. 


ISSlf  Plenipotentiary,  by  Emilius.f 
1831t  Touchstone. 

f  Queen  of  Trumps. 

1  Bay  Middleton. 

1  Flying  Dutchman. 

Harkaway. 

1  Don  John. 

1  Sir  Tatton  Sykes. 

1  West  Australian. 

Kingston. 

1801*  Florizel. 
1812    Potomac. 
1813*  Sir  Archy. 

1812   Lady  Lightfoot,  by  Sir  Archy. 

18 1 2  Vanity,  by  Sir  Archy. 

1813  Reality,  by  Sir  Archy. 
1813*  Timoleon,  by  Sir  Archy. 

1814  Virg-fnian,  by  Sir  Archy. 

1815  Sir  Charles,  by  Sir  Archy. 
1820   Bertrand,  by  SirArchy. 
1801    Maid  of  the  Oaks,  by  Imp. 

Spread  Eagle. 
1801   rioretta,  by  Imported  Spread 
Eagle. 


1801  Postboy,  by  Imp.  Gabriel. 
1801  Oscar,  by  Imp.  Gabriel. 
1801  Hickory. 
1808  Duroc. 

Sir  Solomon. 

1814  American  Eclipse. 
1820  Flirtilla. 

Monsieur  Tonson. 

Sally  Walker. 

Ariel,  by  American  Eclipse. 

Medoc,  by  American  Eclipse. 

Fannj^,  by  American  Eclipse. 

Lady  Clifden. 

Doubloon,  by  Imp.  Margrave. 

Blue    and    Brown  Dick,   by 

Imported  Margrave. 
1833  Boston. 
1837  Fashion. 
1839  Peytona. 

Trifle,  by  Sir  Charles. 

Andrew,  by  Sir  Charles. 

Wagner,  by  Sir  Charles. 

Grey  Eagle. 


Another  view  of  the  comparative  merits  of  race-horses  that 
were  not  contemporaries  is  presented  by  time  on  the  same  course, 
and  with  the  same  weight,  or  the  relative  weight  for  age. 

It  has  been  shown  lately,  that  on  the  Charleston  Course,  at 
three  and  four-mile  heats,  in  the  races  won  by  Nina,  High- 
lander, Jefferson  Davis,  and  Frank  Allen,  nearly  the  same  time 
has  been  made  ;  besides  the  comparison  between  that  of  Ber- 
trand and  Floride. 

On  the  Union  Course,  New  York,  the  fastest  four-mile  heats 
were  as  follows  ; — 

Fashion,  5  years,  111  lbs.,  and  Boston,  9  years,  126  lbs., 7.821— T.45 

Tally-ho,  4  yrs.,  104  lbs.,  and  Bostona,  5  yrs.,  Ill  lbs., 7.33  —7.43 

Fashion,  aged,  123  lbs.,  and  Peytona,  5  yrs.,  117  lbs., 7.39  —7.45 

Eclipse,  9  yrs.,  126  lbs.,  and  Henry,  4  yrs.,  108  lbs., 7.37i— 7.49 

Eed-Eye,  8  yrs.,  126  lbs.,  and  One-Eyed  Joe,  6  yrs.,  117  lbs.,       ....  7.52  —7.39 
Lady  Clifden,  4  yrs.,  101  lbs.,  and  Picton,  8  yrs.,  90  Ib.s.,  Picton  winning 

first  heat, 7.44-7.434—7.56* 


*  Boston's  ancestors. 


t  Derby  and  St.  Leger  winners. 


AMERICAN    AND    ENGLISH    HORSES.  451 

It  would  seem  there  was  no  great  difference  in  the  speed  and 
bottom  of  the  horses  that  have  acquired  the  most  renown  on  the 
Union  Course.  Observer. 


BEST   AMERICAN   AND   ENGLISH   HORSES. 

THE   SONS   OF   BOSTON. — TIME   AS  INFLUENCED   BY   WEIGHT. FAST   RACES. 

LEXINGTOn'3  old   AMERICAN   BLOOD. 

Kenowned  sons  of  Boston  have  run  the  fastest  races  of  four 
miles,  and  of  four-mile  heats,  upon  the  American  record.  "  That 
has  been  settled  at  ISTew  Orleans,"  bv  Lexington's  race  of  four 
miles  in  Y.19|- ;  and  that  won  by  Lecomte,  four-mile  heats,  in 
7.26 — 7.38f .  Next  in  the  order  of  time  comes  the  race  won  by 
Fashion,  beating  Boston,  in  Y.32i — 7.45  •  then  Boston's  son. 
Tally-ho,  beating  Bostona,  in  7.33 — 7.43,  at  l!^ew  York ;  and 
the  several  fast  races  at  'New  Orleans,  as  between  George  Mar- 
tin and  Reel — dam  of  Lecomte — in  nearly  the  same  time  as 
Tally-ho's  first  and  second  hea*"s ;  Miss  Foote's  Grey  Medoc's 
— and  others  scarce  known  to  fame — heats  in  7.35  ;  and  other 
heats  by  Louis  d'Or,  Charmer,  Keiibe,  and  others,  also  at  Kew 
Orleans,  varying  from  7.37  to  about  7.40  ;  but  in  very  few  cases 
with  the  full  weiglit  of  aged  horses  ;  and,  in  all  instances,  with 
less  weight  than  usually  carried  at  the  more  l!^orthern  courses. 
Boston's  son,  Dick  Doty,  beating  Little  Flea,  at  Lexington,  Ken- 
tucky, won  in  7.37| — 7.46^  ;  Peytona,  beating  Fashion,  atl*^ew 
York,  in  7.39 — 7.43  ;  and  the  two  first  heats  in  Eclipse's  great 
match,  on  the  same  course,  were  run  7.37|  and  7.49.  Nearly  each 
of  these  races,  at  the  period  of  their  performance,  was  con- 
sidered "  the  best  race  ever  run  in  America,"  to  say  nothing  of 
the  "  best  race  in  Yirginia,"  run  by  Red  Eye  and  Nina  ;  both 
of  them  by  Boston.  Last  April  the  opinion  was  expressed  at 
New  Orleans  that  "  Lecomte  is  the  best  horse  America  ever 
produced  ; "  this  April,  at  the  same  place,  the  owner  of  Lexing- 
ton is  assured  he  "enjoys  the  proud  supremacy  of  owning  the 
fastest  horse  in  America,  if  not  in  the  world."  The  present 
week,  perhaps,  will  decide  which  is  "  best,"  at  four-mile  heats, 
Lecomte  or  Lexington.  Condition,  or  accident,  may  decide 
"  the  rub." 


452  THE  H0E8E. 

For  details  of  comparative  speed,  age,  and  weight  carried, 
in  the  examples  given,  reference  may  be  had  to  an  article  pub- 
lished in  the  N.  Y.  "  Spirit  of  the  Times,"  of  June,  1854,  page 
228,  in  No.  19,  vol.  24. 

If  time  alone  be  the  test,  the  palm  must  be  conceded  to 
Lexington ;  in  not  only  having  run  the  fastest  four  miles  in 
America,  but  also  the  fastest  three  miles,  in  5.31.  The  noble 
animal  has  fully  realized  all  the  high  expectations  of  his 
judicious  owner  and  other  zealous  backers.  Notwithstanding 
"  the  various  circumstances  upon  which  so  much  depends  for 
success  were  in  the  highest  degree  favorable — the  condition  of 
the  horse  and  the  track  excellent — the  sky  clear,  the  air  warm 
and  balmy — the  day  could  not  possibly  have  been,  better ; " 
jockeyed,  too,  by  Gil.  Patrick,  the  best  rider  in  the  country, 
and  carrying  only  103  lbs.,  on  a  horse  nearly  five  years  old  ;  yet 
Lexington  ran  a  great  hazard  of  losing  the  race  by  the  loss  of 
"  his  left  fore  plate  and  half  the  right  one."  Had  he  lost  his 
plate  earlier,  owing  to  the  "  extreme  hardness  of  the  track," 
Lexington's  loss  of  the  match  seems  to  have  been  inevitable. 
"  Taking  the  chances  into  view,"  in  his  last  article,  your  corre- 
spondent wrote — "  he  would  rather  bet  on  time  than  on  Lexing- 
ton's heating  T.26."  In  the  "  Observations  on  the  American 
Turf,  by  D.  P.,"  in  the  "  Spirit  of  the  Times,"  of  Feb.  3,  1855, 
ISTo.  51,  page  606,  he  expressed  his  belief  "that  Lecomte  is 
above  and  beyond  all  comparison  the  best  and  surest  race-horse 
that  has  appeared  in  this  country,  with  the  single  doubtful  ex- 
ception of  Boston  !  "  To  his  faith  in  Boston  "  D.  P."  would  die 
a  martyr.  It  is  known  that  Lecomte  has  run  his  mile  in  1.45^, 
and  "  tour  miles  in  7.26."  "  I  will  venture  tlie  prediction," 
D.  P.  adds — "  that  if  ever  he  " — Lecomte — "  runs  a  single  four- 
mile  heat  in  his  present  condition,  and  he  loses  it,  tlie  time  will 
he  made  in  less  than  Y.20  !  If  Lexington  can  now  beat  Le- 
comte, he  must  be  something  more  than  a  horse." 

Yet  in  the  discussion  of  several  of  the  best  races,  with  the 
diflerence  of  weight,  and  for  the  same  ages  too,  "  D.  P."  is  of 
opinion  "  the  question  may  well  be  put,  has  the  7.37^  heat  of 
Henry  ever  been  beaten  in  this  country  ? "  He  states  that 
Henry  and  Lecomte  "  were  both  of  the  same  age  ;  Henry  made 
7.37  with  108  lbs.  upon  his  back,  while  Lecomte  made  7.26  with 


ECLIPSE   AND   FLYING    CHILDERS.  453 

only  86  lbs."— 89  were  carried.  "  Tlie  Kew  Orleans  is  fullj 
Bix  seconds  quicker  " — in  four  miles  ? — "  than  the  Union  at  the 
time  of  Henry's  race."  Challenges  have  been  offered  the 
backers  of  the  ISTew  Orleans  cracks,  it  is  believed,  on  both 
Henry's  and  Fashion's  time,  with  the  weights  they  carried,  but 
not  accepted. 

But  for  the  fear  of  being  tedious,  a  comparison  between 
Lexington's  time  and  that  of  the  fastest  races  in  England,  at 
four  miles  and  upward,  and  of  the  relative  weights  carried, 
would  be  here  made.  Tlie  subject  will  be  dismissed,  with  the 
expression  of  disbelief,  for  obvious  reasons,  in  the  incredible 
accounts  of  Flying  Childers.  He,  likewise,  ran  over  the  Beacon 
Course,  four  miles,  one  furlong,  and  thirty-eight  yards,  in  seven 
minutes  and  thirty  seconds !  "  But  no  timer  can  see  the  length 
of  the  Beacon  Course,  near  a  mile  on  one  side  being  excluded 
from  view  by  "  the  Devil's  ditch,"  an  old  Saxon  work  of  in- 
trenchment.  The  late  Judge  Duval,  of  Maryland,  and  one  of 
the  Justices  of  the  U.  S.  Supreme  Court,  made  a  comparison 
of  the  running  of  Childers  and  Eclipse,  as  follows  ;  "  Eclipse 
ran,  at  York,  four  miles  in  eight  minutes,  carrying  12  stone — 
168  pounds,  42  pounds  more  than  the  standard  weight  at  this 
time.  If  the  calculation  of  old  experienced  sportsmen,  that 
the  addition  of  seven  pounds  weight  in  the  rider  makes  the  dif- 
ference of  a  distance,  which  is  240  yards,  in  a  heat  of  four  miles, 
be  correct,  then  the  running  of  Eclipse,  carrying  forty  pounds 
more  than  Childers,  will  prove  that  Eclipse  was  the  swiftest 
animal."  It  does  not  apj)ear  that  in  any  of  his  eighteen  races 
the  time  of  Eclipse  was  at  all  noted,  excepting  at  York,  when 
six  years  old,  as  above  quoted.  "  In  truth,  not  any  horse  had 
the  shadow  of  a  chance  of  winning  against  Eclipse," — he  dis- 
tanced the  field  "  whenever  he  chose," — "  was  never  beaten,  nor 
had  a  whip  flourished  over  him,  or  felt  the  tickling  of  a  spur." 
"  Childers  flourished  in  1721-2,  Eclipse  in  1Y69-70."  By  tlie 
way,  in  his  marks,  in  the  portrait  in  the  "  American  Turf  Kegis- 
ter,"  vol,  ii.,  Childers  resembles  Lexington.  "ISText  to  these  cele- 
brated race-horses,  perhaps  Highflyer  was  the  fleetest  horse  that 
has  been  raised  in  England,"  But  it  does  not  appear  that  he, 
and  many  other  horses  of  the  first  fame  that  were  never  beaten, 
such  as  Lath,  Babraham,  Mirza,  Regulus,  &c.,  ever  ran  a  ver-^- 


454  THE   HOKSE. 

fast  race  ;  no  record  of  the  kind.  However,  it  is  recorded  of 
Matchem,  that  "  in  1775,  March  31,  at  six  years  okl,  carrying 
8  stone  7  lbs. — 119  lbs. — he  beat  Trajan  over  the  Beacon  Course 
in  7.20  !  "  "  Matchem  was  beat  in  1776,  running  for  the  Jockey 
Club  Plate,  four-mile  heats,"  in  three  heats,  winning  neither  of 
them  ;  Spectator,  winner  of  the  race,  "  ran  in  7.52 — 7.42 — 8.05." 
The  difference  in  the  Jockey  Club  weights  probably  caused  the 
difference  in  the  time  in  the  two  races,  if  the  former  was  really 
the  correct  time.  Spectator  was  sire  to  the  dam  of  our  famed 
Diomed.  Of  course  his  blood  descends  to  Lexington,  as  well 
as  that  of  Childers  and  Eclipse,  as  might  be  shown  in  his  pedi- 
gree. Lexington's  remote  maternal  ancestry  is  from  the  old- 
fashioned  American  blood,  as  transmitted  from  Fearnought, 
Medley,  Diomed,  and  Sir  Archy ;  from  whom  he  is  also  de- 
scended in  the  paternal  line,  through  Timoleon  and  Boston. 
His  i^edigree  has  been  given  in  full  in  the  "Spirit  of  the 
Times." 

Tliese  are  mere  observations  on  facts,  as  they  are,  leaving 
all  speculation  about  them  to  others.  Observer. 


THE   THOROUGHBRED   RACE-HORSE. 


In  preceding  articles,  definitions  and  examples  of  a  thorough- 
bred race-horse  have  been  given.  Strictly  speaking,  it  has  been 
stated,  his  pedigree,  lineally  and  collaterally,  must  be  traced  to 
an  approved  Oriental  source,  the  fountain  head  of  the  best  blood 
of  England.  But  few  pedigrees  of  the  best  race-horses  of  modern 
times  will  bear  that  test.  Latterly,  it  has  been  deemed  sufficient 
for  a  "  thoroughbred,"  if  his  pedigree  can  be  traced  for  eight 
generations  without  any  base  admixture.  But  no  horse  is  con- 
sidered thoroughbred  in  England  whose  pedigree  is  not  on 
record  in  "  The  Stud  Book."  From  tlie  want  of  such  a  work  in 
this  country,  American  horses  are  considered  thoroughbred  if 
the  sire  be  known  to  be  so,  and  the  maternal  pedigree  can  be 
traced  without  a  stain  to  some  mare  of  the  fourth  or  fifth  remove, 
reputed  to  be  thoroughbred  ;  as  Burwell's  Regulus  mare,  pro- 
genitor of  the  Lady  Lightfoot  stock ;  Johnson's  Medley  mare, 


WHAT   IS   A    TriOROUGHBRED?  455 

progenitor  of  Eealitj,  Bonnets  o'  Blue,  and  Fashion  ;  and  Slam- 
erkin,  maternal  ancestor  of  Pliilo. 

Some  believe  it  is  of  the  first  importance  that  there  be  remote 
ancestors  on  both  sides,  known  to  be  of  the  best  blood,  as  the 
maternal  progenitor  of  Flying  Dutchman,  the  dam  of  the  True 
Blues,  by  the  Byerley  Turk.  From  her  are  also  lineally  de- 
scended the  renowned  Sir  Peter  Teazle  and  Medley,  out  of  own 
sisters  by  Snap.  Others  consider  it  of  more  ircportance  that 
the  parents  in  each  generation,  until  traced  up  to  the  fountain, 
be  of  the  first  celebrity,  as  in  the  example  of  Boston's  pedigree. 
The  two  Childers,  Partner,  Begulus,  Blank,  Matchem,  Herod, 
Eclipse,  Snap,  Highflyer,  PotSos,  Saltram,  Pockingham,  Shark, 
Diomed,  &c. — combined  in  Boston — are  regarded  as  the  best 
channels  for  the  blood  of  the  most  famed  horses  from  their 
Oriental  sires. 

Sir  Archy,  the  best  American  bred  stock-getter  we  have  had, 
is  in  every  respect  thoroughbred  ;  the  pedigrees  of  his  sire  and 
dam  being  found,  too,  in  the  S'tud  Book.  For  the  present  pur- 
pose, a  mere  glance  will  be  taken  of  his  pedigree.  That  of  his 
sire,  Diomed,  need  not  be  re]3eated.  Sir  Archy's  dam,  imp. 
Castianira,  was  got  by  Pockingham ;  grandam  by  Trentham, 
great  grandam  by  Bosphorus. 

Pockingham,  foaled  1781,  was  the  best  race-horse  in  Eng- 
land— owned  by  the  Prince  of  Wales — succeeding  the  famous 
sons  of  EclijDse,  Saltram  and  Dungannon  ;  he  was  a  winner  of 
thirty-two  prizes  in  five  years.  The  famous  Miss  Kingsland, 
own  sister  to  Sir  Archy's  grandam,  by  Trentham,  out  of  the  dam 
of  the  famed  Pegasus,  was  of  the  same  year.  She  ran  a  long 
and  brilliant  career.  Trentham  was  a  very  high-bred  horse, 
paternally  three  removes  from  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  his  sire 
out  of  a  sister  in  blood  to  Matchem's  dam  ;  and  his  own  grandam 
Ebony,  by  Flying  Childers.  Trentham,  1766,  realized  in  stakes 
more  than  8,000  guineas,  an  enormous  sum  in  those  da_ys.  His 
descendants  are  renowned,  especially  Camilla,  Sir  Archy,  Mel- 
bourne, Lanercost,  and  Alarm.  1754,  Bosphorus  was  got  by 
Babraham,  own  brother  to  Blank,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian — 
H.  C.  Childers — Leedes — Moonah  Barb  mare. 

Highflyer,  sire  to  Pockingham,  is  known  as  the  best  son  of 
Herod  ;  of  turf  and  stud  ability  scarce  second  to  any  horse  of 


456  THE   HOKSE. 

England  ;  liis  dam  by  Blank,  grandam  by  Eegulns  ; — tracing  to 
a  royal  mare,  Arabian  or  Barb.  Both  Blank  and  Rcgulus  were 
by  the  Godolphin  Arabian. 

It  appears  that  Sir  Archy  is  three  removes  from  Highflyer, 
and  three  from  Herod,  through  Diomed,  with  another  cross  of 
Highflyer.  But  he  had  no  cross  from  Eclipse  or  Snap.  Where- 
fore Sir  Archy  was  a  good  cross  for  PotStos  and  Saltram,  sons 
of  Eclipse,  and  for  Snap — two  crosses — progenitors  of  Boston. 

It  is  asked  of  "Observer,"  "Are  the  Sir  Archys  still  in 
existence  ?  "  Probably  not  one  of  his  get,  as  about  thirty  years 
have  elapsed  since  they  retired  from  the  turf.  But  as  a  breed, 
the  Sir  Archys  are  imperishable.  "  Has  the  blood  of  Sir  Archy 
been  improved  ?  "  is  the  next  question.  This  seems  impossible. 
His  descendants,  however,  of  the  second  and  third  generation, 
have  acquired  more  fame  for  fast  races  than  his  own  get.  Some 
think  the  renowned  sons  of  Boston  have  attained  "  the  Eourier- 
ism  of  perfection."  Those  who  had  been  sceptical  "have 
knocked  under  to  the  Bostons ; "  and  some  believe,  with 
"  Cinna,"  that  Lexington  and  Lecomte  have  made  that  stock 
unapproachable ;  but  it  is  yet  a  mooted  point — '''■Palmmn  qui 
meruit  feratP  It  is  next  asked,  "  Are  any  of  Boston's  progeny 
perpetuating  his  extraordinary  game  ?  "  This  appears  to  be  the 
case  in  respect  to  the  Tally-hos.  Sebastopol  testifies  to  the 
excellence  of  the  Boston  and  Sir  Archy  blood,  being  "  inbred," 
to  both  of  them — tracing  to  Boston  on  both  sides,  and  through 
his  dam  to  the  Elirtillas  and  Slamerkin,  to  the  sixteenth  genera- 
tion." 

The  blood,  speed,  bottom,  and  durability  of  the  Boston  stock 
would  make  them  a  valuable  cross  for  England  at  this  time, 
srivino:  streno-th  of  limb,  hardihood,  and  endurance  to  much  of 
the  English  precocious  and  speedy  stock,  that  in  some  of  those 
qualifications  have  been  proven  deficient.  Either  Lexington, 
Lecomte,  or  Ked  Eye,  would  meet  a  general  and  high  approba- 
tion in  the  stud,  in  England.  Their  dams,  too,  are  by  horses  of 
high  character  upon  the  English  turf,  and  of  approved  pedigrees  ; 
in  which  respect  Lecomte  might  he  preferred,  because  of  the 
record  in  the  Stud  Book.  But  the  near  Priam  cross  would  be 
of  great  service  to  Eed  Eye.  When  upon  the  turf,  Priam  was 
considered  worthy  of  succeeding  to   the  laurels  of  Childers, 


PEIAM   AND    EMILIU9.  457 

Eclipse,  and  Highflyer.  "In  the  stud  in  England,"  tliongh  not 
so  successful  as  with  us,  "  the  success  of  Priam  has  been  remark- 
able ;  "  "  to  have  been  the  progenitor  of  Crucifix,  and  her  sons 
Surplice  and  Cowl,  of  Miss  Letty,  Industry,  Weathergage,  Cos- 
sack and  Hero,  is  no  common  reputation,"  "  All  these  horses," 
Stonehenge  adds,  "have  been  distinguished  by  true  running, 
and  the  blood  always  trains  on ;  the  descendants  of  Emilius  be- 
ing full  of  Eclipse  blood,  through  Miss  Hervey,  Waxy,  son  of 
PotSos,  Vixen,  and  Saltram,  are  particularly  stout  and  honest." 

As  an  example  for  a  pedigree  in  full,  to  the  most  remote 
source,  from  the  best  horses — such  as  our  breeders  may  imitate, 
as  far  as  is  in  their  power,  in  respect  to  American  horses— that 
of  Priam  is  here  given.  Priam,  b.,  was  got  by  Emilius,  dam 
Cressida  by  Whiskey  ;  grandam  Young  Giantess  by  Diomed ; 
her  dam  Giantess  by  Matchem,  out  of  Molly  Longlegs  by  Ba- 
braham — Cole's  Foxhunter — Partner — sister  to  E-oxana  by  the 
Bald  Galloway — sister  to  Chante]'  by  Acaster  Turk — Leeds 
Arabian — Spanker.  The  last  by  the  D'Arcy  Yellow  Turk — 
dam  by  the  Morocco  Barb — Bald  Peg  by  an  Arabian  out  of  a 
Barb  nuire.  Thus  to  ten  generations  Priam's  pedigree  has  been 
traced  to  the  most  remote  source  ;  a  combination  of  Arabian, 
Barb,  and  Turkish  blood,  to  say  nothing  of  his  various  channels 
of  descent  from  the  Godolphin  and  Darley  Arabians  and  the 
Byerley  Turk. 

Emilius,  the  best  race-horse  of  his  day,  like  Priam,  winner 
of  the  Derby  and  other  great  stakes,  was  got  by  Orville,  dam 
by  Stamford — Whiskey — Dorimant — Blank,  &c.  Orville  by 
Beningbrough  ;  dam  by  Highflyer,  &c. — to  Regulus,  and  to 
Marske's  dam ;  one  of  the  most  ancient  pedigrees  on  the  record. 
Beningbrough  by  Xing  Fergus,  son  of  Eclipse,  dam  by  Herod — 
Matchem,  &c.  Stamford,  a  very  distinguished  runner  and 
stallion,  own  brotlier  to  Paris  and  Archduke,  the  last  imported 
into  Virginia,  Derby  Manners,  was  got  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  ont 
of  Horatio  by  Eclipse.  Sir  Peter,  as  commonly  called,  the  best 
son  of  Highflyer,  was  successor  to  all  his  laurels  ;  his  dam 
Papillon  by  Snap  ;  Eegulus,  &c.  Next  to  Eclipse  and  Herod, 
Sir  Peter  got  more  winners  than  any  horse  on  record.  "  In 
him  Avas  united  the  best  blood  of  Herod,  Snap,  Blank,  and 
Regulus."     Whiskey  was  the  best  horse  bred  by  the  Prince  of 


458  THE   nOESE. 

Wales — George  lY. — renowned  botli  on  the  turf  and  in  the 
Btnd  ;  he  was  got  by  Saltram,  dam  by  Herod — Matchem — 
Reguhis,  &c.  His  daughter  Eleanor,  Muley's  dam,  was  tlie 
only  winner,  to  this  day,  both  of  the  Derby  and  of  the  Oaks. 
For  the  other  noted  horses,  in  Priam's  pedigree,  see  the  Book. 
Young  Giantess,  Priam's  grandam  by  Diomed,  ranks  with  the 
best  blood  mares  produced  in  England  ;  as  exemplified  by  her 
immediate  j)rogeny  and  those  of  the  present  day,  embracing, 
besides  Priam,  his  rivals  in  fame.  West  Australian,  Kingston, 
Flying  Dutchman,  and  his  sire.  Bay  Middleton  ;  also  Sir  Tatton 
Sykes,  Alarm,  Cossack,  Yoltigeur,  Teddington,  Weathergage, 
Andover,  Stockwell,  and  his  own  brother  Pataplan,  Queen  of 
Trumps,  Alice  Hawthorn,  her  son  Oulston,  Yirago,  and  others 
of  renown. 

Having  been  asked  for  a  "  disquisition  on  breeding,"  I  can 
do  no  better  than  to  quote  from  the  author  already  referred 
to.  "The  purer  the  blood  the  more  likely  it  is  to  be  trans- 
mitted." "  Whichever  parent  is  of  the  purest  blood  will  be 
most  generally  represented  in  the  offspring."  "Breeding  'in- 
and-in'  is  injurious,"  but  there  are  exceptions,  as  already 
shown ;  and  "  in  all  cases  there  is  some  in-breeding,"  as  in 
the  various  descendants  from  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  and 
from  Herod,  Eclipse,  Matchem,  Regulus,  and  Snap.  "  It  may 
be  remembered  the  Herod  and  Eclij^se  blood  have  'hit'  in 
a  great  number  of  horses,  such  as  Whiskey,  Waxy,  Bening- 
brough,"  and  many  more  named  ;  to  which  may  be  added  Bos- 
ton, descended  from  Saltram  and  PotSos,  the  renowned  sons 
of  Eclipse,  sires  to  Whiskey  and  Waxy.  Boston  was  only  the 
fourth  generation  removed  from  Eclipse.  "  It  must  also  be 
known  that  Eclipse  and  Herod — united  in  tlie  blood  of  Boston, 
several  crosses  from  each — are  both  descended  from  the  Darley 
Arabian,  the  one  on  the  sire's  side,  and  the  other  on  the  dam's." 
"  Priam  is  an  example  of  in-breeding.  This  horse  and  Pleni- 
potentiary were  both  sons  of  Emilius ;  the  latter  as  direct  a 
cross  as  is  often  seen,  but  the  former  in-bred  to  Whiskey.  Both 
were  extraordinary  winners,  but  Plenipotentiary  had  scarce  an 
average  success  as  a  stallion,  while  Priam,  considering  his  short 
stay"  in  England,  "has  achieved  an  imperishable  fame."  "  Bay 
Middleton  was  the  produce  of  second  cousins,"  from  St.  Peter. 


IN-BKEEDING.  459 

^'Stockwell  and  Rataplan  are  descended  in  the  same  degree 
from  "Whalebone,"  &c.  Their  dam  was  by  Glencoe,  of  the 
same  year  with  Touchstone  and  Plenipo. — and  of  almost  equal 
renown  on  the  turf.  Flying  Dutchman  is  somewhat  in-bred, 
and  "  as  far  as  his  stock  has  been  tried,  is  eminently  suc- 
cessful as  a  stock-getter,"  uniting  "  the  stout  blood  of  Catton 
and  Orville  with  that  of  Selim."  "  The  pedigree  of  the  dam 
of  Sir  Tatton  Sykes  should  be  carefully  analyzed,  as  exhibiting 
a  curious  re-union  of  strains  ;  Muley  is  in-bred  to  Whiskey, 
he  is  then  crossed  with  an  Election  mare,  producing  Margrave  ; 
the  dam  of  Muley  being  Eleanor,  a  daughter  of  Young  Gi- 
antess by  Diomed."  From  Margrave,  "  Patty  Primrose,  con- 
taining in  her  pedigree  two  infusions  of  Young  Giantess  from 
Sorcerer,"  was  jDroduced  the  dam  of  Sir  Tatton  Sykes,  with 
another  infusion  of  the  same  blood  from  his  sire  Melbourne. 
"  The  most  extraordinary  three-year-old  performance,  is  that 
of  Sir  Tatton  Sykes  over  the  St.  Leger  Course,  in  3.16,  at  a  rate 
of  13i  seconds  per  furlong." 

Margrave  and  Trustee,  stallions  yet  among  us,  were  of  the 
same  year,  and  beat  each  other  in  the  Derby  and  the  St.  Leger 
Stakes.  Margrave  and  Leviathan  are  sons  of  Muley  ;  conse- 
quently cousins  to  Priam.  Wherefore  it  is  probable  there  has 
been  considerable  in-breeding  of  late  among  us.  Priam  and 
Sovereign,  too,  were  by  tlie  same  sire,  Emilius.  The  dam  of 
the  latter  is  also  descended  from  Young  Giantess.  These,  with 
Glencoe,  have  latterly  been  our  best  stallions,  with  the  single 
exception  of  Boston. 

The  dam  of  West  Australian — reputed  to  have  run  the  best 
race  in  England — was  own  sister  to  Cotherstone,  whose  dam 
was  also  the  dam  of  Trustee.  Our  stock  may  now  need  a  good 
foreign  cross,  such  as  Kingston.  Don  John,  however,  may  do 
good  service. 

"  Out-crossing.  By  crossing  the  Mood^  we  understand  the 
selection  of  a  sire  composed  of  wholly  different  blood  from  that 
of  tlie  dam,  or  as  different  as  can  be  obtained.  The  same  strain 
beyond  two  stages  deteriorates  the  constitutional  health,  dimin- 
ishes the  bone,  and  lowers  the  height.  The  great  difficulty  is 
to  obtain  a  cross  "  without  destroying  the  harmony  of  jjropor- 
tions,"  &c.     As  examples  of  judicious  out-crossing,  Ilarkaway 


460  THE   HORSE. 

is  named  "  no  doubt  a  very  superior  race-horse,  but  liis  stock, 
thougli  stout,  is  deficient  in  speed.  Bee's-wing  is  another  good 
example  ;  and  her  sons,  Newminster,  Nunnykirk,  and  Old 
Port ;  Queen  of  Trumps,  also  ;  but  in  her  remote  ancestry  there 
is  an  extraordinary  influx  of  Herod's  blood,"  Success  is  some- 
times had  by  re-uniting,  after  an  interval  of  several  genera- 
tions, a  series  of  good  strains.  Hence,  it  is  supposed,  pure 
Boston  blood  would  be  of  great  benefit  in  England.  "  West 
Australian  is  a  valuable  example  of  a  good  out-cross  after  in- 
breeding." "  One  of  the  most  thoroughly-crossed  pedigrees  of 
the  day  is  that  of  Kingston  ;  and  being  such  a  good  horse  as  he 
was,  his  case  must  be  allowed  to  Aveigh  in  favor  of  this  kind  of 
breeding."  "  I  conceive  nothing  better  than  this  game  horse." 
The  out-cross  "  is  not  so  inuch  in  reference  to  running  as  to 
breeding."  "  There  are  cases,"  like  that  of  Sir  Arcliy,  "  where 
a  horse  begets  racing  stock  out  of  all  sorts  of  mares,  as  Touch- 
stone, a  grandson  of  Whalebone,  carrying  his  grandfather's 
fame  still  further."  But  in  breeding,  the  brood-mare  must 
unite  high  qualifications,  in  blood,  frame,  health,  and  temper  ; 
as  "like  begets  like,"  but  subject  to  the  various  considerations 
partly  alluded  to.  "  Like  the  brood-mare,  the  stallion  requires 
several  essentials,"  as  in  the  mare  ;  but  "  he  must  not  only  be 
suitable  iper  se,  but  he  must  also  be  adapted  to  the  particular 
mare."  "  The  rock  upon  which  most  men  split  is  a  bigoted 
favoritism  for  some  jjarticular  horse."  "  If  not  already  twice 
bred  in  and  in,"  it  is  recommended  to  seek  "  the  best  stallion 
of  the  best  strain  in  the  mare's  pedigree."  "  A  cross  into  blood 
already  existing  in  the  mare,  but  not  recently  in-bred,  nor  used 
more  than  once,  will  sometimes  answer."  "It  is  commonly 
supposed  that  one  or  the  other  of  the  parents  should  be  of 
mature  age  ;  and  that  if  both  are  very  young  or  very  old,  the 
produce  will  be  decrepit  or  weakly."  "  The  general  practice 
of  breeding  is  to  use  young  stallions  with  old  mares,"  and  vice 
versa. 

"  The  various  crosses  since  the  days  of  Herod,  Eclipse,  and 
Matchem,  are  so  numerous  that  it  is  no  longer  possible  to  class 
them  ; "  "  far  less  from  the  Godolphin  and  Darley  Arabians, 
and  the  Byerley  Turk,"  from  which  all  the  best  pedigrees  are 


THE    BLOOD    OF    WAXT.  461 

to  "be  traced.  But  the  author  classes  the  best  horses  now  on 
the  English  Turf  under  the  following  heads. 

"  AVaxy  at  the  head  of  the  list,"  numbering  "  among  his 
stock,  in  the  direct  male  line,  13  St.  Leger  Avinners,  13  of  the 
Derby,  and  11  of  the  Oaks,  and  more  winners  of  great  races 
than  any  two  horses  since  his  time."  "  Like  Orville,  he  is  chiefly 
composed  of  Eclipse  and  Herod  blood,  with  a  double  dash  of 
the  Godolphin,  through  Sportsmistress,  dam  of  PotSos,  and 
Lisette."  "  This  stock  will  run  all  day,  and  no  distance  is  too 
great  for  them  ;"  but  "  are  not  so  fast  for  a  mile  as  some  others — 
especially  the  Buzzard  stock,"  from  Selim,  Sultan,  Bay  Middle- 
ton,  &c. ;  "  which  are  more  calculated  for  the  Kowley  mile  " 
than  longer  distances.  Glencoe  and  Grey  Eagle  are  of  this 
stock,  each  of  them  three  removes  from  Buzzard.  The  get  of 
Glencoe  and  of  Grey  Eagle  are  very  fast,  and  some  of  both  can 
stay  the  distance.  "  Buzzard,  imported  into  Yirginia,  is  repre- 
sented by  almost  as  many  fashionable  horses  of  the  present  day, 
in  England,  as  "Waxy."  "  Orville,  like  Waxy,  a  good  race- 
horse— bearing  affinity  in  blood  and  results  to  our  Sir  Archy — 
is  remarkable  for  combining  speed  with  stoutness."  "  He  was 
in-bred  in  King  Herod,  his  dam  having  been  by  Highflye]',  and 
his  sire  out  of  a  Herod  mare  ;  whilst  his  grandsire.  King  Fergus, 
by  Eclipse,  was  out  of  a  mare  by  Tartar,  sire  of  Herod."  "  The 
Waltons  and  Haphazards  may  well  be  classed  together.  In 
blood  they  were  nearly  identical,  being  by  Sir  Peter  out  of 
mares  by  Eclipse,  or  his  son  Dungannon."  Of  Walton's  de- 
scendants. Partisan,  Yenison,  and  Gladiator,  are  the  most  prized ; 
and  the  blood  of  the  last  two  is  by  many  considered  equal  to 
any  thing  out.  "  Nothing  can  exceed  the  beauty  of  form  from 
the  combination  of  the  Waxy  and  Sir  Peter  blood,  as  in  Gladiator 
and  Kingston  ;  remarkable  for  blood-like  frames,  Arabian-look- 
ing heads,"  &c.  &c.  "The  Sorcerers,"  descended  from  Mat- 
chem  and  Diomed,  "  are  large,  fast,"  &c.,  "  like  the  Mel- 
bournes  " — "  fit  for  any  work  but  turning  corners."  "  East 
enough  for  any  thing,  but  require  time  to  fill  up  their  frames." 
"  Over  a  distance  of  ground,  most  of  these  strains  would  gen- 
erally be  beaten  by  the  stock  of  Whalebone  or  Orville." 

After  this  "  disquisition"  on  breeding,  it  is  left  for  American 
breeders  to  decide  for  themselves,  without  further  counsel,  from 


463  TIIE   nOKSE. 

what  blood  and  what  stallions  they  are  to  look  for  the  perpetua- 
tion of  the  best  stock  in  this  country.  Most  of  our  horses  of 
celebrity  are  considerably  advanced  in  age,  as  Trustee,  Glencoe, 
and  Margrave.  Those  most  distinguished  on  our  turf,  that  need 
not  be  named,  are  yet  imtried  in  the  stud.  As  for  the  result — 
nous  ve7Tons.  Others  may  furnish  the  "Spirit"  brief  and  intel- 
ligible pedigrees  of  a  score  or  more  of  our  best  American-bred 
stallions,  of  which  I  am  incapable.  Kentucky,  our  present 
"  race-horse  region,"  seems  to  have  benefited  by  crossing  judi- 
ciously the  Sir  Archy  stock  with  good  English  horses  ;  and  both 
with  the  American  Eclipse  blood,  especially  as  transmitted  by 
Medoc.  Observer. 


BEST  FOUR-MILE-HEAT   RACES — TIME   AND   WEIGHT EXAMPLES 

LECOMTE,    LEXINGTON,    ETC. 

Mr.  Spirit. — As  our  representatives  say  on  the  floor  of  Con- 
gress, will  you  allow  me  "  to  define  my  position  ?  " 

The  crude  vagaries  and  vaticinations  of  "  Observer,"  shall 
have  farther  notice.  The  "vagaries,"  as  alleged,  ithasbeen  shown 
have  been  creditably  shared  on  both  sides  of  the  Atlantic.  In 
respect  to  the  influence  of  weight  upon  the  time  of  a  race,  very 
different  opinions  have  been  entertained.  In  England  so  much 
importance  is  not  attached  to  time  as  in  our  country  ;  more  to 
weight.  With  us,  some  think  "  the  best  horse  America  ever 
produced  "  must  necessarily  run  four  miles  in  the  fastest  time. 

The  fallacy  of  this  is  apparent.  Who  remembers  the  time 
of  mau}^  of  the  best  horses  of  England  and  America  ?  The  fa- 
mous Eeel's  fastest  race  was  her  last,  when  beat  by  George 
Martin,  with  less  weight  for  age,  in  almost  the  precise  time  of 
Tally-ho's  two  heats !  Florizel  and  Monarch  were  so  superior 
to  all  competitors  as  never  to  be  put  to  their  speed  by  any  of 
them.  More  cases  of  the  kind  have  occurred  in  England  than 
in  America.  But  the  system  of  racing  in  the  two  countries  is 
now  so  diff'erent  as  scarce  to  admit  of  comparison.  In  England, 
by  handicapping,  putting  heavier  weights  on  the  best  horses  to 
produce  an  equality,  the  inferior  ones  most  frequently  win ;  and, 


ECLIPSE   AND   CHILDEE3.  463 

witli  light  weights,  they  make  faster  races  than  their  superiors. 
This  is  well  understood  in  England.  For  example  ;  Inheritor's 
reputed  race,  at  three  years  old,  86  lbs.,  two  miles  in  3m.  25. 

Without  expressing  an  opinion  relative  to  the  proper  consid- 
eration to  he  attached  to  weight,  both  upon  time  and  the  results, 
two  examples  will  answer  the  purpose. 

"  Glaucus,  5  years  old,  S  stone  7  lbs. — 119 — September,  1835, 
at  Doncaster,  beat  Muley  Moloch,  5  years  old,  8  stone  10  lbs., 
two  miles,  in  3m.  44s." 

"  Muley  Moloch,  two  days  before,  8  stone  9  lbs.  each,  beat 
Glaucus,  the  same  course  and  the  same  distance,  in  3m.  40s. 

"  These  races  were  timed  by  an  American  gentleman." 

"VVe  avail  ourselves,  from  the  "  American  Turf  Ilegister," — 
vol.  3,  pp.  347,  348,  349 — of  the  opinion  of  one  of  our  ablest 
turf  writers — the  late  Judge  Duval,  of  the  IT.  S.  Supreme  Court 
for  the  District  of  Maryland,  in  which  he  resided — touching 
this  subject.  He  says  if  the  accounts  of  Childers  be  true,  he 
"  must  have  run  nearly  half  a  mile  in  lour  faster  than  any  other 
horse,  Eclipse  excepted,  which  ever  ran  in  England."  But  he 
doubts  the  statement,  and  points  out  its  absurdity  and  contra- 
diction ;  concluding  with  the  remark,  relative  to  Childers, 
"  whereas  in  his  fastest  race,  when  he  ran  four  miles  in  6m.  48s., 
he  was  moving  at  the  rate  of  little  more  than  51  feet  9  inches 
in  a  second,  and  at  the  rate  of  a  mile  in  Ira.  42s." — Be  it  ob- 
served, the  fastest  mile  on  record,  as  having  been  run  in  this 
country,  was  by  ITegira,  with  catch  weight,  near  ISTew  Orleans, 
in  Im.  42^s.^'  The  Judge  adds; — "Eclipse  ran  at  York  four- 
miles  in  8m.,  carrying  12st.,  168  lbs.,  42  lbs.  more  than  the 
standard  weight  at  this  time.  If  the  calculation  of  old  experi- 
enced sportsmen,  that  the  addition  of  seven  pounds  weight  in 
the  rider  makes  the  difference  of  a  distance,  which  is  240  yards, 
in  a  heat  of  four  miles,  be  correct,  then  the  running  by  Eclipse, 
carying  40  lbs.  more  weight  than  Childers,  will  prove  that 
Eclipse  was  the  swiftest  animal.  If  he  had  carried  only  128  lbs. 
lie  would,  according  to  the  computation,  have  run  the  distance 
in  93  seconds  less  than  with  168  lbs.  ;  this  would  have  reduced 
the  time  from  8m.  to  6m.  27s.  Your  correspondent  entertains 
the  opinion,  that  if  Childers  and  Eclipse  had  flourished  at  the 
same  time,  Eclipse  would  have  proved  himself  superior  to  Chil- 
*  This  cannot  be  proven. 


464  THE   nORSE. 

ders  in  a  race  of  four  miles  and  repeat.  Cliilders  flourislied  in 
1721-2,  Eclipse  in  1Y69-T0." — For  tlieir  memoirs  see  American 
Tm-f  Register.  The  Judge  concludes  ; — "  Kext  to  these  cele- 
brated racers,  perhaps  Highflyer  was  the  fleetest  horse  that  has 
been  raised  in  England.  As  it  does  not  appear  that  liis  run- 
ning has  ever  been  timed,  no  opinion  approaching  to  certainty 
can  be  hazarded ;  but  as  he  beat  with  ease  Dorimant,  Shark, 
Dragon,  Dictator,  &c.,  which  were  among  the  best  horses  then 
on  the  turf,  it  may  be  assumed  as  a  fact,  that  he  was  the  third 
horse  in  speed  ever  bred  in  England." 

"  It  should  be  recollected  that  Lath,  Babraham,  Dismal, 
Dormouse,  Mirza,  and  Regulus.  Avere  never  beaten.  We  have 
no  evidence  that  their  running  was  ever  timed." 

According  to  tlie  memoir  of  Eclipse — from  page  541  to  p. 
547,  vol.  3,  "  American  Turf  Register," — it  does  not  appear  that 
in  any  of  his  eighteen  races  his  time  was  at  all  noted,  excepting 
at  York,  at  six  years  old,  as  above  quoted.  "  In  truth,  not  any 
horse  had  a  shadow  of  a  chance  of  winning  against  Eclipse." 
On  more  than  one  occasion  he  distanced  the  whole  field,  and  it 
appeared  he  could  do  so  whenever  he  chose.  "  He  was  never 
beaten,  never  had  a  whip  flourished  over  him,  or  felt  the  tick- 
ling of  a  spur." 

Suppose  our  turfmen  try  the  experiment  of  weight,  as  in  the 
above  cases,  with  their  vaunted  steeds,  and  furnish  the  results 
for  publication. 

Those  deemed  our  best  four-mile  races  are  as  follows,  ar- 
ranged according  to  the  fastest  time  ; — 

Lecomte,  3  years  11  months  old,  carrying  89  lbs.,  beating 
Lexington,  on  the  Metairie  Course,  near  New  Orleans,  in  7ra. 
26s.— 7m.  38is. 

Fashion,  5  years  old  111  lbs.,  beating  Boston,  aged,  126  lbs., 
en  the  Union  Course,  near  New  York  city.  Long  Island,  in  7m. 
32^8.— 7m.  45s. 

Tally-ho,  4  years  6  months  old,  104  lbs.,  on  the  same  course 
beating  Bostona  and  Free  Trade  in  7m.  33is.— 7m.  43|s. — 7m. 
52s. — 8m.l0-2-s. — Free  Trade,  winner  of  the  first  heat,  was  dis- 
tanced in  the  second. 

Eclipse,  aged,  126  lbs.,  beating  Henry,  4  years  old,  108  lbs., 


FAST   RACES.  465 

Bame  course — Henry  winner  of  the  first  heat — in  Yni.  37|s. — 
7m.  49s.— Sm.  24s. 

Dick  Doty,  4  years  6  months  old,  100  lbs.,  beating  Little 
Flea  and  others  at  Lexington,  Kentucky,  in  7m.  37|s. — 7m.  46|s. 

Red  Ej^e,  7  years,  124  lbs.,  beating  Nina,  at  Broad  Rock 
Course — 100  and  more  feet  over  a  mile,  see  late  "  Spirit," — near 
Richmond,  "Virginia — Nina  winning  the  second  heat — in  7m. 
46— 7m.  46|s.— 7m.  49s. 

Red  Eye,  aged,  124  lbs.,  beating  One-Eyed  Joe — winner  of 
tlie  first  heat — and  Fanny  Fern,  at  Baltimore,  in  7m.  43s. — 7m. 
45s. — 8m.  24s.  Red  Eye  had  previously  beat  Joe  in  two  and 
three-mile  heats. 

It  is  left  for  others  to  draw  their  own  conclusions  from  the 
relative  ages  and  weight,  as  well  as  the  courses,  as  to  the  best 
of  these  races  according  to  the  time  made.  Boston  has  won  the 
two  fastest  four-mile  heats  at  Newmarket,  the  first  heat,  in  one 
race,  7m.  50s. ;  and  the  second  heat,  in  the  other,  7m.  52s. 

In  respect  to  Tally-ho's  race  there  has  been  an  erroneous 
statement,  no  doubt  unintentionally,  in  the  reflection  on  some 
of  "  Observer's  fast  races,"  as  follows  ; — "  Between  Free  Trade, 
Tally-ho,  and  Bostona,  Free  Trade  won  the  first  heat,  and  was 
distanced," — the  second. — "  Bostona,  then,  who  had  not  run  for 
the  firsts  came  and  won  the  second,  sliowing  a  falling  off"  of  ten 
seconds.  Li  the  7m.  26s.  and  7m.  38|s.,  Lecomte  won  both." 
In  this  extract  there  is  this  mistake.  Tally-ho  won  the  second 
heat.  As  stated  at  the  time,  "  his  is  undoubtedly  the  best  race, 
of  four-mile  heats  that  has  been  run  any  where  ;  having  run  for 
every  heat,  and  been  lapped  with  the  winner  the  heats  he  lost ; 
the  falling  off  was  ten  seconds  between  the  first  and  second 
heat,  nine  seconds  between  the  second  and  third." 

To  draw  correct  deductions,  it  is  essential  the  premises  b?. 
correct.  Arguing  from  the  record,  "  Observer  "  has  sometimes 
been  prophetic  in  his  predictions  and  opinions.  For  example, 
judging  from  Henry's  race  with  Eclipse,  in  the  then  "unprece- 
dented "  and  almost  incredible  time,  such  as  many  believed 
would  never  have  its  parallel,  "  Observer"  predicted  their  time 
would  be  surpassed  on  the  same  course  ;  as  it  has  been  by 
Fashion  and  Boston,  and  by  Tally-ho  and  Bostona ;  and  in  the 
Vol.  L-30 


466  THE   H0K8E. 

aggregate,  tlioiigli  not  in  the  first  heat,  by  Peytona  and  Fash 
ion — the  last  7m.  39|s.— 7m.  45|s. 

Again,  in  the  12th  volume  of  the  "  American  Turf  Register, 
for  1841,"  page  202,  ''  Observer  "  wrote  ;  "  for  renown,  both  on 
the  turf  and  in  the  stud,  in  my  humble  judgment,  none  but  Sir 
Archy  deserves  to  be  regarded  as  the  American  Highflyer. 
It  remains  to  be  seen  if  his  incomparable  descendant,  Boston,  as 
compared  with  our  race-horses  of  the  last  twenty  years,  can  in 
the  stud  supply  Sir  Archy's  unoccupied  place  ;  and  maintain  his 
own  renown,  and  that  of  his — other — illustrious  ancestors,  Flo- 
rizel  and  Timoleon,  that  were  respectively  at  the  head  of  our 
turf;  and,  excepting  himself,  as  good  race-horses  as  ever  run  in 
our  country,  if  not  the  very  best.  Boston  retires  with  an  unri- 
valled reputation  " — this,  be  it  observed,  preceded  his  covering 
one  season,  and  being  brought  again  upon  the  turf,  and  en- 
countering Fashion  ; — "  one,  too,  much  longer  enjoyed  than  by 
any  '  illustrious  predecessor.'  For  years  he  has  defied  all  op- 
position at  three  and  four-mile  heats.  From  "his  pei-form- 
ances — as  referred — I  have  but  little  doubt  he  might  have  run 
his  four  miles,  carrying,  too,  126  Ihs.,  lower  down  in  the  thirties 
than  a  four-mile  heat  has  ever  been  achieved  in  this  country. 
The  rate  of  Im.  53s.  a  mile  would  bring  out  a  four-mile  heat  in 
Tm.  32."  In  his  subsequent  match  race  with  Fashion,  coming 
in  lapped  with  her,  the  first  heat  was  in  Tm.  32^s.  ;  and  it  is 
now  believed  that  when  he  beat  Carter,  the  heat  would  have 
been  some  seconds  faster  than  that  if  his  competitor  had  not 
given  up  his  run  at  the  end  of  three  miles,  in  5m.  36s. 

In  closing  his  article  in  defence  of  Boston,  in  reply  to  "  A 
Young  Turfman,"  Nov.  12th,  1853,  "  Observer "  wrote ;  he 
"  has  been  again  fortunate  in  the  prediction  that  Red  Eye  and 
Nina  would  contribute  to  the  fame  of  Boston,  and  that  in 
matches  against  them,  and  others  of  Bostoris  get,  such  as  Dick 
Doty,  Lexington,  Lecomte,  and  Arrow,  it  would  be  difiicult  to 
find  the  get  of  any  other  famed  horse,  either  a  Glencoe,  or  a 
Sovereign,  to  put  against  the  get  of  Boston."  Was  that  a  "  crude 
vaticination,"  especially  as  regards  Lecomte  ?  Has  not  "  A 
Young  Turfman  "  himself  adopted  the  opinion  of  "  Observer  " 
in  respect  to  "  Old  White-Nose  ?  "  He  thinks  "  there  is  nothing 
on  record,  in  this  or  any  other  country,  to  disprove  the  assertion 


LECOMTJfi.  467 

tliat  Lecomte's  time — Tm.  26s. — 7m.  38|s. — is  tlie  best  ever 
made  at  fom-  miles,  weight  for  age."  He  adds;  "tliough  Le- 
comte's time  be  the  best  on  record,  we  believe  few  turfites  who 
saw  the  race  doubt  his  ability  to  have  run  the  first  heat  in  Tm. 
24s.,  and  the  second  in  7m.  35s."  This  admission,  respecting  a 
son  of  Boston^  is  surely  creditable  to  the  candor  of  "  A  Yount 
Turfman." 

From  the  description  of  him  by  "Equus,"  for  which  you. 
correspondent  feels  obliged,  it  seems  Lecomte  resembles  his  sire 
in  form,  color,  and  marks — even  the  white  nose — and  a  white 
leg,  like  his  ancestor.  Eclipse,  to  which,  by  the  way,  no  horse 
now  upon  the  turf  is  nearer  related — though,  in  soine  respects, 
smaller  than  his  lineal  ancestors,  Timoleon  and  Boston,  it  seems 
Lecomte  is  near  the  size  and  dimensions  of  American  Eclipse. 

"  According  to  "  Equus,"  the  "  average  time  of  each  mile  of 
the  first  heat  was  Im.  51|s.  ;  the  last  two  miles  of  the  second 
heat  is  3m.  38|s. ;  the  three  last  miles  of  the  first  heat  \ii  5m. 
33s. ;  the  four  miles  in  7m.  26s.  ;  and  the  third  mile  of  the  sec- 
ond heat  in  Im.  46s. ; "  concluding  that  "  the  average  of  the 
heats  beat  the  fastest  time  on  record,  even  in  a  single  heat,  or 
a  dash  of  four  miles," — "  that  the  last  two  miles  of  the  last  heat 
has  never  been  beaten  but  three  times,  even  in  races  of  two-mile 
heats," — "  that  the  time  of  the  last  three  miles  of  the  first  heat 
has  never  been  beaten  or  equalled,  even  at  heats  of  three  miles ; " 
and  that  "  the  seventh  mile  has  never  been  beaten  but  three 
times," — in  mile  heats — "  and  then  only  by  half  a  second — Le- 
comte himself  being  one  that  beat  it,  beating  Conrad  the  Cor- 
sair, who  subsequently  made  it  in  a  third  heat — Flying  Dutch- 
man being  the  first  horse  that  ever  made  it."  But  does  not 
"  Equus  "  overlook  Hegira's  mile  in  Im.  42|s.,*  and  the  recent 
performances  of  Charles  Ball  in  Im.  48s. — 1  m.  45|s."  "  Equus  " 
thinks  their  time  "  will  never  be  equalled,  unless  "  these  sur- 
passing sons  of  Boston,  "  Lecomte  and  Lexington,  meet  again," 
under  similar  circumstances ;  as  in  their  four-mile  race,  '*  the 
fastest  mile,  the  fastest  two  miles,  the  fastest  three  miles,  and 
the  fastest  four  miles  were  made  "  during  the  distinguished 
meetings  of  "  three  weeks."  They  too,  "  have  never  been 
beaten  except  b-"-  each  other." 

*  See  Note  *  on  page  475. 


468  TUE   HOESE. 

In  defining  my  position,  I  can  subscribe  to  all  tliis  ;  and 
that  they  have  run  the  fastest  four  miles  of  any  ever  run  in  this 
country,  by  six  seconds  ;  and  yet  think  it  "  questionable  "  that 
either  of  them  is  "  the  best  horse  ever  produced  in  America." 
To  say  nothing  more  of  Sir  Archy,  or  their  sire  Boston — their 
otlier  ancestor,  Florizel,  like  English  Eclipse,  knew  nothing  of 
whip  or  spur,  frequently  distancing  renowned  competitors,  and 
retiring  from  the  turf  when  no  other  opponent  would  meet  him ; 
this,  too,  in  the  days  of  such  "  cracks  "  as  the  Maid  of  the  Oaks, 
of  Post  Boy,  of  First  Consul,  and  of  Oscar  and  others ;  not  one 
of  them  daring  to  accept  a  challenge  of  $10,000  a  side.     Le- 
comte's  otlier  ancestor,  Timoleon,  was  so  superior  to  his  contem- 
poraries. Reality,  Lady  Lightfoot,  and  others,  in  their  palmy 
days,  that  "  the  Napoleon  of  the  Turf,"  the  late  W.  E.  Johnson, 
has  said  of  him :  "  I  have  seen  him  run  all  the  races  in  Vir- 
ginia he   ever    ran  ;  his  performances,  from  one  to  four-mile 
heats,  has  been  such  as  would  do  credit  to  the  hest  runner  in 
either  this  country  or  Europe."     To  this  day,  i\\e fastest  race  of 
mile  heats,  at  Newmarket,  the  spring  he  was  three  years  old, 
was  won  by  Timoleon  in  Im,  4:Ts. — Im.  48s.,  distancing  the 
field  the  second  heat.     The  preceding  day  he  had  won  a  match 
race  of  half  a  mile.      Such  authority  has  weight  with  "  Ob- 
server."    Still  he  sees  no  reason  why  Lecomte  and  Lexington 
may  not  be  as  far  superior  to  all  of  the  American  horses  as 
Childers  and  Eclipse  were  reputed  to  be  in  England.     But  he 
does  not  perceive  that  such  a  proposition  is  yet  proven. 

One  of  "  Observer's  "  vagaries  was  shared  by  Larkin — and 
he  saw  the  great  race  between  the  wonderful  sons  of  Boston — 
who  concludes  his  statement  as  follows  ;  "  there  is  a  great  di- 
versity of  opinion  among  all  classes  of  the  racing  and  sporting 
community  in  regard  to  the  question  of  superiorty  between  the 
two  horses,  and  if  they  were  started  on  a  match  to-morrow,  it  is 
very  hard  to  say  which  would  be  the  favorite." 

Although  admitting  "  they  are  two  of  the  best  horses  that 
ever  appeared  on  the  American  Turf,"  west  of  the  Alleghanies  ; 
and  that  they  are  now  superior  to  any  horse  upon  the  Amer- 
ican Turf ;  yet  "  Observer,"  from  all  he  has  heard,  and  for  the 
reasons  he  has  assigned,  is  not  prepared  to  say  that  either  "  Le- 
comte "  or  Lexington  is  "  the  hest  race-horse  America  has  ever 


HOESES   OF   THE   OLDEN"   TIME.  469 

produced."  Some  weight  having  been  attached  to  his  opinion, 
he  is  induced  to  repeat  this  declaration,  in  thus  defining  his 
position.  As  Brutus  said  to  Cassius,  "  an  older,  not  a  better." 
"  Did  /say  better  ?  "     Non  ego.  Obsekver. 


TO    "IPSUS,       OF   ENGLAND. 

The  English  blood  horse  was  known  in  Virginia,  our  ancient 
dominion,  the  mother  of  States,  and  of  our  best  race-horses 
formerly — heretofore  considered  our  "  race-horse  region  " — long 
before  any  Stud  Book  appeared  in  England,  the  pursuits  of  the 
turf  having  been  introduced  to  Virginia  during  the  reign  of  the 
Stuarts ;  but,  until  within  a  few  years,  pedigrees,  often  lost,  de- 
pended, almost  wholly,  upon  the  mere  certificates  of  the  gen- 
tlemen of  the  olden  time.  Their  blood  stock  originally  de- 
scended from  the  best  of  England,  the  basis  of  the  Virginia 
race-horse  during  the  days  of  the  Colonial  government ;  when 
"  Fearnought  was  the  Godolphin  Arabian  of  Virginia,"  though 
"  Jolly  Boger  had  a  prior  claim  to  that  distinction,"  with  whose 
name,  and  that  of  Janus,  many  of  our  thoroughbred  j)edigrees 
terminate.  "  The  judicious  breeders  of  the  present  day,  when 
they  have  the  ancient  crosses  of  Fearnought,  Joll}^  Boger,  Mon- 
key', Othello,  Silver  Eye,  and  Morton's  Traveller,  in  their  jjedi- 
grees,  want  no  other  aid  of  foreign  crosses,  to  insure  speed, 
bottom,  lastingness,  and  ability  to  carry  heavy  weights." 

For  near  a  third  of  a  century  succeeding  the  Bevolution  that 
separated  the  Colonies  from  Great  Britain,  the  following  Eng- 
lish horses  contributed  chiefly  towards  the  improvement  of  the 
American  race-horse — viz.,  Bedford,  Citizen,  Clockfast,  Dare 
Devil,  Diomed,  Gabriel,  Medley,  Messenger,  Saltram,  Shark, 
and  Spread  Eagle.  Other  importations  during  the  same  period, 
such  as  Buzzard,  Chance,  Clifden,  Cormorant,  Dragon,  Oscar, 
Precipitate,  Sir  Harry,  Whip,  &c.,  were  not  equally  successful, 
as  stallions,  in  Virginia.  Diomed,  Saltram,  Sir  Harry,  and 
Spread  Eagle,  it  will  be  remembered,  were  Derby  winners. 
Buzzard  had  the  first  celebrity  on  the  turf  and  in  the  stud  in 
England,  especially  as  the  lineal  ancestor  of  Selim,  Castrel, 
Saltram,  Bay  Middleton,  the   Queen  of  Trumps,  Flying  Dutch 


470  THE   HOESE. 

man,  and  other  cracks,  many  of  them  winners  of  the  Derby 
and  of  tlie  Oaks.  Buzzard  would  be  scarcely  remembered  in 
American  pedigrees  but  for  his  son  Hephestion,  out  of  Sir 
Archy's  dam,  and  as  the  sire  to  the  dam  of  "Woodpecker,  the 
sire  of  Grey  Eagle.  Many  of  our  pedigrees,  including  that  of 
Grey  Eagle,  trace  to  Col.  Tasker's  Selima,  by  the  Godolphin 
Arabian,  or  to  Mr.  Carter  Braxton's  Kitty  Fisher,  by  Cade, 
mares  of  the  first  distinction  both  on  our  turf  and  in  the  stud. 

The  excellence  of  the  breed  of  our  race-horses  is  likely  to 
be  perpetuated  by  the  more  recent  importations  of  such  horses 
as  Priam,  Barefoot,  Margrave,  Kowton,  St.  Giles,  Squirrel — six 
Derby  and  St.  Leger  winners — Zinganee,  Leviathan,  Glencoe, 
Trustee,  Eiddlesworth,  Belshazzar,  Sarpedon,  Consul,  Emanci- 
pator, Nonplus,  Tranby,  Cetus,  Chateau  Margaux,  Fylde,  Luz- 
borough,  Skylark,  Monarch,  Sovereign,  &c.''"'  The  last  two 
names  are  not  found  in  the  English  Stud  Book.  The}''  were 
from  the  Hampton  Court  Stud.  Monarch,  on  account  of  his 
brilliant  turf  achievements  in  South  Carolina,  winning  all  his 
races,  is  believed  to  be  tlie  best  son  of  Priam,  out  of  Delphine, 
by  Whisker ;  and  Sovereign,  by  Emilius,  out  of  George  lY.'s 
famous  race-mare  Fleur-de-Lis,  the  best  race-horse  of  her  day 
in  England. 

The  application  of  the  preceding  remarks  to  the  origin  and 
blood  of  our  race-horses  will  be  now  made  to  those  fast  and 
stout  competitors,  Boston  and  Fashion,  whose  race  of  four-mile 
heats  is  regarded,  with  us,  as  among  the  best  on  record  ;  respect- 
ing which  an  intelligent  commentator,  "  Larkin,"  remarks — "  In 
a  comparison  between  Boston  and  Fashion,  under  equal  circum- 
stances, the  papers  are  rather  against  Fashion.  "When  called 
on,  she  could  not  run  a  heat  in  7.40,  with  her  weight,  at  eight 
years  old.  Boston,  when  nine  years — can-ying  5  lbs.  more 
than  Fashion — ran  a  first  heat  in  T.33,  and  a  second  in  7.46. 
Fashion,  the  winner  of  the  match  race,  was  five  years  old,  and 
carried  111  lbs."  However,  Henry,  by  Sir  Arcliy,  dam  by 
Diomed,  grandam  by  Bell  Air — son  of  Medley — when  barely 
four  years  old,  carrying  108  lbs.,  had  the  honor  to  "  show  the 
way  to  the  thirties  "  in  his  match  race  with  American  Eclipse, 
four-mile  heats,  run  in  7.37| — 7.49.  Eclipse,  aged,  126  lbs., 
the  winner  of  the  second  and  third  heats,  the  last  in  8.24,  was 
*  See  Note  f  on  page  475. 


THE   LAST   EACES.  471 

hj  the  Yirginia-bred  Duroc,  son  of  Diomed,  dam  by  English 
Messenger,  out  of  an  English  mare,  by  PotSos,  son  of  Eclipse. 
Boston's  achievements  are  referred  to  in  the  13th  volume 
of  the  "  American  Turf  Kegister,"  thus — "  No  horse  ever  had 
a  higher  reputation,  or  sustained  it  more  nobly.  His  career 
has  been  brilliant  beyond  all  comparison  ;  for  years  he  had  no 
equal,  and  he  leaves  behind  him  no  superior.  He  has  started 
in  over  forty  races,  and  has  won  about  thirty  at  four-mile  heats 
alone.  He  has  won  in  stakes  and  purses,  for  his  owners,  nearly 
sixty  tliousand  dollars  ;  while  the  amount  he  has  won  for  his 
different  backers  would  probably  exceed  half  a  million  !  "  The 
time  of  Boston's  race  with  Fashion  has  never  been  rivalled,  ex- 
cept by  his  own  offspring — Tally-ho  and  Bostona  on  the  Union 
Course,  New  York  State ;  Bed  Eye  and  Nina  near  Bichmond, 
Virginia;  and  lately,  by  Lecomte  and  Lexington,  near  New 
Orleans. 


THE   KACING   AT   NEW   ORLEANS. 

EEFLECTIONS   OiN'   THE   LAST   RA0E8   OF    "  THE   BEST   TIME   EVER    MADE,"    AT 
THEEE   AND   FOUR-MILE   HEATS,    "WOX   BY   SONS   OF   BOSTON. 

The  "  record,"  both  as  regards  the  past,  and  now  for  the 
present,  puts  an  end  to  "  tlie  Boston  controversy." 

The  following  extracts  are  made  from  late  New  Orleans 
papers. 

The  best  thue  evek  made — Seven  minutes  and  twenty- 
six  seconds. — Lecomte,  the  Red  River  horse,  now  stands  the 
champion  of  the  world;  and  who  is  able  to  tear  the  laurels 
from  his  noble  brow  ?  The  fastest  time  on  record  was  made  by 
Fashion,  on  the  Long  Island  Course,  in  1838,  when  she  beat 
Boston,  the  sire  of  Lecomte,  in  7.32^.  The  next  best  time  was 
made  by  George  Martin,  over  a  Louisiana  course,  George  Mar- 
tin ran  a  heat  at  New  Orleans,  in  7.33  ;  Miss  Foot  a  second  lieat 
in  7.35.  Yesterday's  race  marks  a  new  era  in  the  turf  calendar ; 
and  hereafter  when  you  speak  of  time,  you  must  say,  "  fastest 
time  on  record." — Lecomte,  ly  Boston,  out  of  Bed,  won  a  heat 
on  the  8th  of  April,  1854,  over  the  Metairie  Course,  State  of 
Louisiana,  in  7.2G. 


473  THE    HORSE. 

The  Great  Race. — The  race  of  yesterday  was  the  greatest 
and  most  brilliant  one  that  has  ever  occurred  in  America.  The 
result  will  produce  a  profound  impression  throughout  the  coun- 
try. The  glories  of  Eclipse,  of  Boston,  of  Fashion,  of  all  the 
other  classic  heroes  and  heroines  of  the  turf,  must  pale  before 
the  glory  of  the  modern  champions,  who,  yesterday,  made  the 
most  marvellous  display  of  speed  on  record.  Here  is  feasible 
proof  that  this  is  an  age  of  progress.  We  have  not  degene- 
rated in  horse  flesh,  if  we  have  in  a  great  many  other  matters. 
"We,  of  this  much  calumniated  century  and  epoch,  boldly  fling 
Lexington  and  Lecomte  into  the  faces  of  preceding  generations, 
and  ask  them  if  they  can  beat  that  time — the  first  four  miles  in 
seven  minutes  twenty- six  seconds^  and  second  heat  of  four  miles 
in  seven  mimitcs  and  thirty-eight  and  three-qiiarter  seconds  f 
Shades  of  John  Eandolph,  and  "William  R.  Johnson,  and  of  your 
contemporaries — who'were  so  intensely  excited  by  the  great  con- 
test between  the  North  and  South,  when  Henry  and  Eclipse 
decided  a  great  question  of  sectional  pride — will  ye  not  be 
startled  in  your  shadowy  retreats  by  the  wonderful  figures  v/hich 
were  yesterday  exhibited  from  the  judges'  stand  on  the  Metairie  ? 
"Where  now  is  the  great  time  of  Boston  and  Fashion,  7.32J ;  of 
George  Martin,  7.33,  and  Miss  Foot,  7.35 ;  of  Grey  Medoc,  7.35, 
over  a  better  track  than  the  Metairie  presented  yesterday  ? 

It  was  a  beautiful  race  from  the  start.  The  great  display  of 
Lexington  on  Saturday,  when  he  so  easily  beat  a  horse  which 
came  to  this  city  with  more  reputation  than  any  horse  in  the 
United  States  enjoyed,  had  made  him  a  general  favorite,  Tlie 
bets  were  on  him  against  the  field,  and,  in  many  cases,  two  to 
one  were  ventured  on  him  against  Lecomte ;  Eeube  was  but 
little  regarded,  and  was  thrown  in,  to  take  the  chances  of  any 
accidents,  or  in  case  that  three  heats  were  run.  with  a  hope 
that  his  endurance  might  tell  in  so  long  a  stretch.  The  contest 
was  a  noble  and  close  one  between  Boston's  two  gallant  colts. 

In  the  first  heat  they  ran  regularly,  Lecomte  a  few  lengths 
ahead  all  through,  and  winning  the  heat  in  7.26.  After  this 
the  bets  were  decidedly  in  his  favor,  two  and  even  three  to  one. 
Tlie  second  heat  was  a  varied  and  most  exciting  contest.  Lex- 
ington got  the  start,  and  kept  it  until  the  second  mile,  when 
they  closed  in  the  quarter  stretch ;  after  a  prodigious  struggle, 


lecomte's  race.  473 

Lecomte  sliot  ahead,  and  continued  gaining,  until  half  way  in 
the  third  mile,  a  formidable  gap  was  made  between  them,  pro- 
ducing serious  apprehensions  that  it  would  be  a  contest  between 
Lexington  and  Keube,  which  should  be  worse  distanced.  But 
suddenly  Lexington  gathered  himself  up,  and  putting  out  all 
his  power,  closed  upon  Lecomte,  and  in  the  last  mile  the  strug- 
gle became  a  very  close  and  intensely  exciting  one,  Lecomte 
comino;  in  about  a  length  or  so  ahead  of  his  rival. 

The  enthusiasm  and  hurrahs  of  the  multitude  at  the  termi- 
nation of  the  race  denoted  not  so  much  the  general  satisfaction 
in  the  victory  of  Lecomte,  as  in  the  brilliant  character  of  the 
contest,  and  the  splendid  achievements  of  both  horses.  Two 
more  equal  champions  could  not  be  pitted  against  each  other. 
The  old  Boston  blood  is  conspicuous  in  both  ;  they  are  the  no- 
blest living  representatives  of  the  numerous  progeny  of  that 
noble  old  patriarch  of  the  turf  in  the  United  States.  Much 
is  due,  no  doubt,  to  the  fine  training  of  these  two  splendid 
horses,  under  the  direction  of  Colonel  Bingaman  and  General 
Wells,  in  whose  stables  Lecomte  and  Lexington  have  been 
trained,  and  who,  with  Messrs.  Kenner,  Minor,  and  other  plant- 
ers of  Louisiana  and  Mississippi,  gave  more  attention  to  the 
care  and  training  of  their  fine  bloods  than  any  other  gentlemen 
in  the  United  States.  The  Boston  blood  is  pretty  certain  to 
display  its  excellence.  Louisiana  may  now  boast  of  having  the 
two  fastest  and  greatest  horses  in  America,  or  that  ever  ap- 
peared on  the  turf  in  this  country. 

Far  be  it  from  one  who  entered  the  arena  in  defence  of  Bos- 
ton, his  blood,  and  his  progeny,  to  detract  at  all  from  the  fame 
of  "  Lecomte,  by  Boston,  out  of  Reel " — the  winner,  last  year, 
of  mile  heats  in  the  fastest  time  on  our  record,  and  also  on  the 
Metairie  Course,  in  1.45^ — 1.48^,  and  without  being  urged  at 
all — or  to  question  that  he  has  run  four  miles,  and  fonr-mile 
heats,  "  in  the  fastest  time  on  record ;  "  yet,  before  the  conclu- 
sion is  admitted,  that  Lecomte's  is  the  '■'■lest  race"  that  has 
been  run  in  America,  or  that  he  "  stands  proudly  before  tho 
world  as  the  best  race-horse  ever  produced  on  the  turf,"  the  re- 
cord should  be  consulted  in  respect  to  some  other  races,  as  run 
by  Fashion  and  Boston,  Tally-ho  and  Bostona,  Bed  Eye  and 


474  THE   HORSE. 

Nina,  and  vy  Eclipse  and  Henry.  It  will  be  discovered,  espe- 
cially at  the  most  northern  course,  "  The  Union,"  near  the  city 
of  New  York,  that  more  weight  was  carried  for  age,  and  for 
colts,  too,  nearly  of  the  same  age,  and  that  there  was  a  shorter 
interval  between  the  heats  in  tliose  races  than  in  Lecomte's — con- 
siderations that  may  fully  compensate  for  the  difterence  in  the 
time  as  made  at  the  Union  and  the  Metairie  Course.  We  will 
now  pass  by  those — until  now  the  fastest  on  record — to  the  ear- 
lier achievement  of  Henry,  son  of  Sir  Archy,  as  compared  with 
that  of  Lecomte.  At  the  time  of  each  race,  there  was  scarcely 
a  month's  difference  in  their  ages,  if  as  much.  Henry,  as  a 
four-year-old,  in  May,  carried  108  lbs.  Lecomte,  as  a  three- 
year-old,  in  April,  86  lbs.  Had  Henry's  been  in  April,  as  a 
three-year-old,  instead  of  May,  as  a  four-year-old,  witli  the  dif- 
ference of  weight,  who  can  doubt  that  he  would  have  beat 
Eclipse?  Non  ego.  Let  Lecomte  take  up  108  lbs.  Who  can 
doubt  that  he  cannot  come  within  ten  seconds  of  his  late  race  ? 
Non  ego.  Reube,  of  the  age,  but  not  with  quite  the  weight  of 
Eclipse,  ran  in  as  good  time  as  Eclipse,  in  his  great  race. 
"  Keube's  time,  the  first  heat,  Y.37,"  and,  in  the  second  heat, 
was  about  equal  to  Eclipse's  7.49,  although  the  red  flag  was 
shaken  in  the  face  of  Reube.*  But,  in  four-mile  heats,  at  the 
Union,  the  interval  between  the  heats  is  thirty  minutes,  whereas, 
at  the  Metairie,  it  is  45  minutes. 

Let  the  rules  of  the  Union  Course  be  applied,  at  the  Me- 
tairie, to  Lecomte,  and  it  is  very  questionable,  at  least  such  is 
the  opinion  of  some,  whether  Lecomte  will  do  better  than 
Henry,  with  the  weight  he  carried  when  of  the  same  age  ;  and 
it  is  hardly  to  be  expected  from  Lecomte,  that,  at  nine  years 
old,  he  can  take  up  Boston's  weight — 126  lbs. — as  carried  in  his 
match  race  with  Fashion,  and  that  the  son  should  then  surpass 
the  achievement  of  the  sire.  Until  these  things  are  done,  the 
writer  questions  the  justice  of  the  claim  for  Lecomte,  brilliant  as 
his  achievement  is — first  heat  of  four  miles  in  7.26  ;  second 
heat,  7.38f  ;  the  third  mile  of  the  last  heat  in  1.46,  and  the  last 
two  miles  in  3.38f ! — that  he  is  "  the  l)est  race-horse  ever  pro- 
duced "  in  America,  to  say  nothing  about  England.  Boston's 
name  must  still  stand  "  foremost  on  the  file." 

YoJir  correspondent,  Mr.  "  Spirit,"  is  neither  "  a  prophet  nor 
*  Reube  never  ran  a  heat  in  7.37. — Ed. 


OBSERVEE.  475 

a  son  of  a  prophet,"  yet  he  has  been  singularly  fortunate,  as 
you  may  recollect,  in  some  of  his  vaticinations — not  only  about 
"Boston  and  his  get,"  but  in  one  of  them — as  on  another  occa- 
sion— having  actually  j9^(2C^(i  Lexington,  Lecomte,  and  High- 
lander, as  in  the  great  stake  race,  remarking,  however,  in 
another  article,  that,  judging  from  the  blood  and  performances 
of  Lecomte,  he  thought  it  "  not  unlikely  "  he  would  win,  having 
years  ago  predicted  in  the  "  Spirit,"  loug  before  it  was  accom- 
plished, that  the  day  would  come  when  the  time  of  Eclipse  and 
Henry  would  be  beat  at  the  Union.  Subsequent  events  speak 
for  themselves. 

However,  it  is  undeniable  that  Lecomte  has  run  the  fastest 
four  miles  on  our  record,  and  it  may  be  questionable  if  it  can 
be  surpassed  by  any  horse  in  the  country  with  a  feather.  At 
three-mile  heats.  Arrow,  another  son  of  Boston,  has  surj)assed, 
in  like  manner,  the  time  of  all  other  races  at  that  distance,  in 
accomplishing  5.33|— 5.36 — 5.43|.  Blonde  may  yet  prove  "an 
ugly  customer  "  to  Lecomte,  having  beaten  with  ease,  in  nearly 
as  good  time,  the  competitor  of  i\.rrow,  in  the  last  fast  race. 

Instead  of  speculations,  amateurs  at  a  distance  from  Louis- 
iana would  be  more  gratified  in  learning  oi facts  connected  with 
cracks  ;  besides  all  the  minutiae  of  their  exploits  and  blood,  to 
have  descriptions  of  the  horses  themselves — their  size,  color, 
beauty,  form,  points,  &c.  Obsekvek. 

EDITORIAL   NOTES. 

*  (P.  467.)  Hegira  never  ran  a  mile  in  1.42^.  She  ran  two  miles,  witli  feather 
weight,  in  3.34^. 

f  (P.  4*70.)  Monarch  and  Sovereign  are  not  to  be  found  named  in  the  Engli.sh 
Stud,  but  the  years  of  their  foaling,  1834  and  '36,  with  the  color  of  the  colts,  and 
a  note  stating,  can  be  found  under  the  produce  of  their  respective  dams,  Dolphine 
and  Fleur-de-Lis.     See  English  Stud-Book,  vol.  4,  pages  117  and  168. 


THE  TRUE  UTILITY 

OF    THE    THOROUGHBRED    RACE-HORSE. 

If  the  advantage  to  be  derived  from  the  thoroughbred  horse 
depended  on  no  more  than  his  applicability  to  the  turf  and  his 
fitness  for  racing  purposes,  I  should  not  have  assigned  to  him  the 
prominent  place,  which  he  occupies  in  this  work. 

In  fact,  the  race-course  was  not,  in  the  beginning,  so  much 
as  thought  of  as  a  scene  for  the  display  of  his  high  qualities  ; 
much  less  was  racing  considered  as  an  end,  for  which  the 
Eastern  horse  was  imported  into  Europe,  by  our  ancestors. 

It  was  for  the  improvement  of  the  native  stock  of  horses,  in 
the  various  European  kingdoms,  by  giving  to  them  speed  and 
endurance,  in  which  points  no  other  breed  can  compare  with 
them,  that  the  Asiatic  and  !North- African  horse  was  so  eagerly 
sought  by  the  monarchs,  especially  of  England,  during  the 
seventeenth,  and  the  early  part  of  the  eighteenth  century. 

At  first,  the  race-course  was  resorted  to,  solely,  as  a  method 
of  testing  the  prevalence  or  superiority,  in  certain  animals  or 
breeds  of  animals,  of  those  qualities  of  speed  and  endurance, 
which  can,  by  no  other  known  method,  be  so  completely,  so 
accurately  and  so  fairly  brought  to  the  test. 

Soon  after  the  introduction  of  the  thoroughbred-horse,  this 
process  of  testing  his  qualities  grew  into  a  favorite  sport  with 
all  classes  of  persons  in  England.  Race  courses  multiplied, 
throughout  the  kingdom,  and  racing  became  an  established  na- 
tional institution. 

Thenceforth,  in  some  degree,  the  objects  of  the  possessors 


OBJECT   OF   RACING.  477 

and  breeders  of  race-liorses  underwent  a  change ;  and  what  had 
been  the  means  became  more  or  less  the  end.  Horses,  in  a 
high  form,  of  the  purest  and  most  favorite  strains  of  blood,  were 
eagerly  sought,  and  commanded  large  prices,  for  the  purposes 
of  sport  and  honorable  competition,  as  was  the  case  in  ancient 
Greece,  at  the  period  of  the  Olympic  games. 

At  a  yet  later  date,  a  second  change  of  object  has  taken  place ; 
and,  with  but  few  exceptions,  the  thoroughbred  horse  is  now 
kept,  both  in  England  and  this  country,  for  the  paramount  pur- 
poses of  money-making,  either  by  the  actual  winning  of  his 
prizes,  or  by  his  services  in  the  stud,  after  his  racing  career  is 
finished ;  for  either,  or  both,  of  which  objects,  the  highest 
development  of  the  two  qualities  of  speed  and  endurance — 
wliich  can  only  exist  in  conjunction  with  thorough  blood — 
coupled  with  form  and  size,  are  absolutely  required. 

Still,  in  England,  especially,  tlie  first  end  of  improving  the 
breed  of  the  general  hoi'se,  has  never  been  lost  sight  of ;  and 
racing  has  been  always  so  constantly  regarded,  as  the  only  me- 
thod of  inducing  the  maintenance  of  studs  of  thoroughbreds, 
and  the  continuance  of  a  supply  of  pure  blood,  that  it  has  been 
continually  supported  by  government,  as  a  national  institution  ; 
and  benefit-prizes,  varying  in  amount  from  250  to  500  dollars, 
have  been  given  to  be  run  for,  annually,  or  biennially,  at  many 
establislied  race-courses,  in  every  county  of  England,  to  the 
aggregate  of  many  thousand  pounds  sterling. 

Kacing  and  race-courses,  therefore,  are  still,  as  they  were 
intended  to  be  from  the  first,  the  best  and  only  mode  of  really 
improving  the  general  stock  of  any  country  ;  although  the  ani- 
mals employed  may  be  kept,  merely,  or  generally,  for  the 
gratification  of  cupidity  and  the  excitement  of  the  contest — the 
race-courses  patronized  only  by  the  seekers  of  an  amusement, 
in  whicli  none  but  fools  and  fanatics  can  find  any  thing,  intrin- 
sically, blamable  or  demoralizing.  If  it  be  admitted  that 
racing  and  i-ace-courses  are  subject  to  occasional  abuses,  that  is 
only  to  admit  them  not  to  be  exempt  from  a  necessary  condi- 
tion of  every  thing  human,  not  excluding  religion  itself.  That 
they  are  peculiarly,  or  more  than  other  institutions,  involving 
large  congregations  of  men  and  women,  subject  to  such  abuses, 
is,  in  no  respect,  demonstrable  or  true ;    and  I  will  defy  any 


478  THE   HORSE. 

person  who  has  ever  witnessed  a  general  training  in  the  stea- 
diest and  most  straitlaced  of  the  New  England  States,  or  a 
camp-meeting,  any  where,  to  say  that  he  has  not  been  directly 
cognizant  of  more  gross  immorality  at  either  of  these,  than  he 
ever  beheld  on  a  regularly  established  race-course. 

Two  charges,  especially,  of  gambling  and  of  cruelty,  have 
been  brought  against  racing  and  race-courses,  both  charges 
irrationally  and  unjustly  ;  although  most  of  the  State  Legislatures 
of  America — which  seem  to  have  an  especial  mission  for  legislat- 
ing about  every  thing  which  ought  to  be  let  alone,  and  for 
letting  alone  every  thing  which  ought  to  be  the  subject  of  legis- 
lation— have  assumed  the  right  of  passing  judgment,  on  both 
these  charges  ;  and  prohibiting,  or  to  the  utmost  discouraging 
a  noble  sport,  directly  tending  to  the  improvement  of  tlie  first 
and  most  valuable  domestic  animal,  and  the  development  of 
the  wealth,  the  resources  and  the  power  of  the  nation,  and  the 
manhood  of  its  urban  and  rural  population. 

The  first  charge  is  false,  as  belonging  particularly  to  racing, 
or  being  especially  stimulated  by  it. 

Men,  it  is  well  known,  who  wish  to  gamble,  will  gamble,  on 
any  tiling  or  nothing.  They  may  certainly  bet  on  horses  run- 
ning on  the  track,  and  do  so — but  they  bet  also  on  every  ath- 
letic game  ;  on  many  scientific  games,  in  which  chance  has  no 
perceptible  influence  ;  on  their  own  powers  ;  on  elections ;  on 
casual  events  ;  on  drawing  long  straws  ;  on  the  running  of  wa- 
ter drops  dovm  a  window  pane. 

I  have  never  heard  it  proposed  to  put  an  end  to  elections, 
because  men  sometimes  bet  on  them,  although  betting,  in  such 
cases,  is  not  merely  gambling,  but  barefaced  bribery  of  the 
worst  kind,  and  as  such  intended — yet  it  would  scarcely  be  more 
absurd  to  prohibit  elections,  than  to  prohibit  contests  of  run7iing 
horses — while  contests  of  trotting  horses,  involving  worse  and 
more  fraudulent  gambling,  fourfold  cruelty,  and  infinitely  more 
disorderly  assemblages,  are  freely  permitted — for  the  alleged 
reasons. 

As  to  the  allegation  of  cruelty,  it  is  palpably  childish,  ab- 
surd, and — it  is  not  too  much  to  saj— false  in  the  knowledge  of 
those  who  make  the  charge.  I  have  been  an  habitual  attend- 
ant at  all  the  principal  race-courses  of  my  native  land,  and  of 


RACING   NOT   CRUEL.  479 

tliis  country,  since  I  was  a  boy  of  fourteen  years,  and  I  can  af- 
firm that  I  never  saw  a  single  case  of  a  horse  cruelly  overworked, 
to  dire  extremity,  exhaustion,  or  death  on  a  jDublic  established 
race-course,  in  my  life  ;  nor  a  single  instance  of  a  horse  barba- 
rously and  unmercifully  punished,  in  order  to  force  him  to  exert 
himself,  a  moment  after  it  was  notorious  that  he  was  doing  his 
utmost. 

I  utterly  disbelieve  that  any  one  else  ever  saw  either  thing — 
unless  in  the  instance  of  some  most  rare  and  almost  impossible 
exception.  No  concourse  of  jDCople  would  endure  the  spec- 
tacle— no  owner  of  a  horse,  for  his  own  sake,  would  ever  al- 
low a  jockey  to  ride  again,  Avho  punished  his  horse  brutally  and 
needlessly,  for  reasons  which  are  obvious. 

Tliere  is  more  cruelty  practised  on  the  roads,  and  on  trotting 
courses,  daily,  in  matching  horses  against  time,  and  over-driving 
them  against  one  another,  than  there  is  yearly  on  all  the  race- 
courses in  the  world. 

I  know  no  case,  and  I  doubt  if  one  ever  occurred,  of  a  race- 
horse being  ridden  to  death,  on  an  established  race-course. 
There  is  scarce  a  year  on  which  two  or  three  trotters  are  not 
driven  or  ridden  to  death  in  time  matches,  on  the  track  or  on 
the  road — not  a  day  in  which  twenty  wretched  hacks  and  omni- 
bus horses  are  not  worked  and  flogged  to  death,  on  the  roads 
and  streets  of  every  large  city  in  the  United  States.  And  it  is 
safe  to  assert,  that  there  is  more  barbarous,  wanton,  and  profit- 
less torture  of  punishment  inflicted  on  draft  horses,  every  day, 
in  every  capital  city  whatsoever  than  in  the  course  of  a  year  on 
every  race-course  in  the  known  world. 

And  these  facts  are,  or  ought  to  be,  very  well  known  to  the 
sleek,  legislatorial  pharisees,  who  annually  prohibit  racing, 
not — as  Macaulay  well  observed  of  the  Puritans  in  regard  to 
bear-baiting — not  because  racing  gives  j^ain  to  the  horses,  but 
because  it  gives  pleasure  to  the  people  who  uphold  it. 

The  prices  of  racers,  of  high  blood  and  in  a  high  form,  as  a 
first  condition,  and  the  secondary  expenses  of  keeping  up  an 
establishment  for  the  purpose  of  breeding,  conditioning,  and 
maintaining  large  studs  of  thoroughbreds,  are  so  great,  that  the 
possession  of  such  establishments  is  necessarily  limited,  in  all 
countries,  to  the  wealthiest  classes  ;  and  is  yet  farther  confined, 


480  THE   HORSE, 

in  America,  by  the  necessity  tliat  race-liorse  proprietors  must, 
almost  as  a  sine  quanon,  be  country  gentlemen,  as  opposed  to 
the  dwellers  of  cities ;  which  is  not  at  present  usually  the  case 
with  the  wealthiest,  except  in  the  Southern  States. 

The  profits  derivable  from  the  mere  service  of  stallions  are 
so  small,  and  the  comparative  want  of  use  for  mares  and  lillies 
of  thorough-blood,  except  for  turf-purposes  and  for  becoming 
the  progenitrixes  of  racers,  renders  them  so  unsalable  for  gen- 
eral objects,  that  no  one  would  dream  of  keeping  blood-stock, 
which  he  would  necessarily  do  at  a  loss,  were  he  not  allowed 
to  remunerate  himself,  either  by  his  winnings,  or — what  is  the 
same  thing — his  hopes  of  winning  on  the  turf,  or  by  the  plea- 
sure and  pride  he  takes  in  the  performances  and  triumphs  of 
his  animals. 

This  he  can  do  only  by  means  of  racing  and  race-courses. 
And  it  is  idle  to  talk  of  any  considerable  number  of  men  of 
wealth,  incurring  great  expenses,  involving  considerable  per- 
sonal trouble,  from  purely  patriotic  motives,  in  order  to  confer 
benefits  on  a  country  wdiicli  does  not  appreciate  those  motives, 
and  on  a  population  which  does  all  in  its  power  to  discourage 
their  pursuit,  and  to  thwart  their  efforts. 

In  times  of  public  peril  and  emergency,  men  will  often  make 
heavy  sacrifices,  and  devote  even  life  itself  for  the  public  good — 
although,  even  in  such  cases,  it  may  be  doubted  whether  the 
craving  for  renown  be  not  as  much  the  incentive  to  the  deed 
as  the  desire  of  promoting  the  common  weal.  But  it  is,  I  pre- 
sume, unheard  of,  that  any  large  class  of  persons,  under  no  ur- 
gency of  state  requirements,  has  ever,  from  mere  prospective  mo- 
tives of  patriotic  well-doing  to  future  generations,  largely  ex- 
pended their  means,  their  time  and  their  talents,  in  order  to 
produce  results  which  they  can  never  hope  to  see,  and  which, 
if  they  could,  by  no  possibility  could  repay  to  them  a  tithe 
or  a  hundredth  of  their  outlay. 

The  alternative,  therefore,  is  indisputably  this.  Either  race- 
courses and  established  racing,  or  no  blood  stables  and  thorough- 
bred stock  in  the  land. 

The  question,  Shall  there  be  race-courses,  or  shall  they  bo 
proscribed  as  nuisances  ?  must  be  answered,  then,  according  to 
the  degree  of  utility  which  can  be  shown  to  be  derivable  from 


PUKE   BLOOD.  481 

the  raaintenance  of  a  continued  line  of  blood  families,  sufficient 
to  supply  stallions  of  first-rate  qualities,  to  serve  as  progenitors 
to  mares  of  all  classes,  and  as  the  parents  of  half-bred,  two-thirds 
bred,  and  yet  more  highly  descended  stock. 

It  is  an  unquestionable  fact,  that,  on  the  Turf,  nothing  but 
what  are  admitted  thoroughbreds  can  contend,  with  the  slight- 
est hope  of  success,  against  thoroughbreds,  even  with  any  advan- 
tage of  weights,  short  of  loading  down  the  pure-blooded  animal, 
so  that  he  should  be  unable  to  gallop. 

In  the  hunting-field,  which  is  the  next  trial  in  severity  to  a 
race-course,  no  partlj'-bred  horse  can  by  any  possibility  stay  the 
distance,  when  hounds  are  running  the  pace,  alongside  of  a  tho- 
roughbred, equal  to  the  weight  he  is  called  upon  to  carry, 
through  deep  ground  and  over  fences. 

The  difiiculty  of  obtaining  thoroughbreds  equal  to  the  enor- 
mous weights  hunters  are  called  upon  to  carry — varying  from 
13  to  17  stone,  horseman's  weight,  viz.,  from  182  to  238  lbs.* — 
running  over  all  inequalities  of  ground,  with  the  plough-lands 
or  turf  often  fetlock  deep,  and  taking  on  an  average  six  leaps, 
four  feet  and  a  half  and  upward  in  height,  and  twenty  in  extent, 
to  the  mile,  at  distances  of  six  to  twelve  miles,  and  at  the  rate 
of  twelve  miles  in  the  hour  ;  and  the  consequently  enormous 
prices,  commanded  by  horses  of  pure  blood,  with  sufiicient  bone, 
height,  and  reach,  compel  the  use  of  part-bred  horses  for  what 
are  called  welter  weights,  except  in  the  flying  grass  countries, 
where  nothing  but  thorough  blood  can  do  the  thing  quite  well, 
and  where,  consequently,  none  but  very  rich  men  can  pretend 
to  hunt,  if  they  ride  heavy,  and  desire  to  ride  in  front. 

Part-bred  horses  of  four  or  five  crosses  are  those,  then,  which 
are  in  most  request  for  very  heavy  men  in  ordinary  hunting 
countries ;   while   for  light   weights   of  10,  11,   and  12  stone 

*  That  my  readers  may  not  suspect  me  of  exaggeration,  I  would  say  that  there 
were  going,  at  the  same  time,  with  the  Quorndon  Hounds,  in  Leicestershire,  at  least 
twenty  men  above  the  lowest  weights  specified ;  and  at  least  a  dozen,  of  whom  I 
might  name  Lord  Alvanley,  Sir  Harry  Goodricke,  Valentine  Magher,  Sir  Richard 
Musgrave,  Campbell  of  Saddell,  and,  occasionally,  Dick  Gurney — he  twenty  stone, 
or  280  pounds — above  the  highest  weight  I  have  named.  All  these  men  rode  quite 
up  to  the  hounds,  and  if  not  on  perfect  thoroughbreds,  never  on  horses  with  lesa 
than  five  or  six  pure  crosses. 
Vol.  I.— 31 


482  THE   HORSE. 

weiglit — 140,  154,  and  168  pounds,  respectively — three  parts, 
two  parts,  and  even  half-bred  horses  are  used  in  the  plough 
countries,  by  men  who  cannot  afford  to  go  the  figure  for  blood. 
But  there  is  no  such  thing  known  as  a  horse  got  by  a  half-bred 
horse,  even  out  of  a  fall-blooded  mare,  ever  commanding  a  price, 
or  going  the  pace,  not  quite,  but  even  pretty,  well,  across  a 
country. 

For  the  hunter,  therefore,  in  all  recent  times,  since  hounds 
run,  or  almost  fly,  instead  of  trailing  along  on  a  slow  scent,  the 
highest  attainable  degree  of  blood  is  desirable. 

At  maximum  prices,  any  man  of  any  weight,  who  can  pre- 
tend to  ride  at  all  to  hounds,  if  he  choose  to  pay  those  prices, 
can  be  carried  up  to  hounds  on  thoroughbreds. 

And  as  to  the  idea  of  any  man  ever  complaining  that  his 
hunter  is  too  thoroughbred,  I  can  only  compare  it  to  his  com- 
plaining that  his  wife  is  too  pretty. 

It  may  be  replied,  that  as,  in  America,  we  have  no  fox- 
hunting as  a  national  sport,  we,  of  course,  need  no  hunters, 
more  than  we  do  racers  ;  that  hunting  and  racing  are  the  amuse- 
ments of  the  wealthy  and  privileged  classes,  only — are  of  no 
practical  utility,  and  therefore,  so  far  from  being  encouraged, 
ought  actually  to  be  discouraged. 

For  such  balderdash,  as  even  this,  is  unblushingly  thrust  upon 
the  reluctant  ears  of  men  of  common  sense,  by  the  blatant  beasts 
vt^ho  bellow  their  practical  utilitarianism  into  the  bedimmed  and 
bedeafened  brains  of  the  groundlings.  Nay,  I  have  seen  it  pro- 
mulgated of  late  by  the  ignorant  fanatics,  who  are  roused  into 
ludicrous  frenzy  by  their  perception  of  the  returning  sanity  of 
the  masses,  as  evidenced  by  the  favor  with  which  the  trials  of 
speed  have  been  received  at  the  agricultural  exhibitions,  in  all 
parts  of  the  United  States,  that  .speed  is  a  quality  of  no  possible 
advantage  or  utility  in  a  horse. 

One  would  rejoice  to  learn  what  might  be  deemed  an  advan- 
tage to  the  noble  quadruped,  speed  being,  doubtless,  admitted 
to  lie  a  high  quality  in  a  cow,  as  giving  milk  has  long  been 
known  to  be  the  peculiar  excellence  of  a  pigeon.  On  the  whole, 
perhaps,  the  horse  himself  is  decided  to  be  of  no  practical  utiL 
ity,  and  therefore  to  be  dispensed  with  ;  in  which  case  my  argu- 
ments may  be  dispensed  with  also  ;  but  until  that  shall  be 


FAST   COACHING.  483 

determined,  I  shall  endeavor  to  sliow,  that  as  a  part-bred  horse 
is  the  best  general  hunter,  so  is  he,  in  a  greater  or  less  degree, 
according  to  the  greater  or  less  proportions  of  pure  with  cold 
blood,  the  best  for  all  kinds  of  work,  unless  it  be  for  draught  of 
enormous  burdens  at  a  foot's  pace.  In  the  old  days  of  English 
coaching,  before  the  provinces  of  England  were  intersected  by  a 
network  of  iron  rails,  and  hissing  locomotives  whirled  their  pas- 
sengers from  Land's  End  to  John  o'  Groat's,  measuring  their 
miles  by  minutes,  speed  was  a  desideratum  in  coaches  ;  and,  as 
coaches  were  then  drawn  by  horses  only,  it  was  not  wholly 
useless  in  a  horse. 

In  those  days,  the  speed  of  the  crack  coaches,  such  as  on  the 
short  roads,  the  Cambridge  Star  and  Fly,  the  Brighton  Age,  the 
Portsmouth  Telegraph,  and  on  the  long  roads,  the  Leeds  Rock- 
ingham and  York  Highflyer,  carrying  twelve  outside  and  four 
inside  passengers,  in  addition  to  the  guard  and  coachman,  and 
from  half  a  ton  to  a  ton  and  a  half  of  baggage,  was  about  fifteen 
miles,  or  from  that  to  seventeen  miles,  an  hour.  I  have  repeat- 
edly travelled  on  either  of  the  two  Cambridge  coaches,  the 
whole  distance  to  London — fifty-two  miles — within  three  hours, 
including  stoppages  ;  and  I  once  travelled  on  the  Leeds  Rock- 
ingham, when  that  coach  and  the  York  Highflyer  were  running 
opposition,  from  that  city  to  London — two  hundred  and  one 
miles — in  thirteen  hours  and  thirty-five  minutes,  including  all 
stoppages,  part  of  the  journey  being  night  work. 

Now,  what  were  the  horses  by  which  these  feats  were  ac- 
complished, each  team  doing  its  distance,  varying  from  six  to 
nine  miles,  up  tlie  road  and  back,  once  each  day,  Sundays  ex- 
cepted, unless  in  the  case  of  accident,  or  unusually  severe  and 
heavy  roads  ? 

The  question  is  answered  in  a  moment.  Four-fifths  of  all 
the  teams  were  broken-down  thoroughbreds,  and  the  remaining 
one-fifth  nearly  pure-blooded  hunters — all  of  them  horses  which 
had  either  gone  slightly  amiss,  so  as  to  be  thrown  out  of  their 
original  emi3loyment,  or  had,  in  the  first  instance,  been  unfit, 
owing  to  want  of  speed  or  some  unsoundness  of  wind  or  limb, 
for  the  course  or  the  field.  Nothing  but  these  could  have  done 
it,  once.  The  pace  would  have  killed  them  the  first  day  ;  or  if 
it  had  not  done  so,  they  could  not  have  come  again  in  a  week. 


484  THE   HORSE. 

These  game  animals,  supported  by  their  blood  alone,  and  the 
iron  hardness  peculiar  to  the  bones  and  muscles  of  tlioroughbreds 
— many  of  them,  the  leaders  especially,  little  weedy-looking 
screws — did  it,  day  after  day,  at  a  rattling  gallop,  except  now 
and  then  up  some  unusually  steep  ascent,  when  they  were  pulled 
into  a  trot,  comparatively  uninjured.  They  were,  of  course, 
well  fed,  well  groomed,  well  housed,  and  well  driven  ;  and  by 
well,  I  mean  not  only  bountifully  and  carefully,  but  judiciously. 
But  there  was  the  daily  distance  to  be  done ;  it  had  to  be  done, 
and  it  was  done,  in  spite  of  roads  or  weather — unless  it  w^ere 
floods  or  snowdrifts — and  I  have  often  seen  them  so  little  the 
worse  for  the  rating  gallop  of  seven  or  eight  miles  in  five 
and  twenty  minutes,  with  three  or  four  tons  at  their  heels,  that 
they  would  bite  at  one  another  in  play,  wdien  unhitched,  and 
canter  oflf  to  the  stables  with  all  their  harness  rattling  aboitt 
them,  before  the  new  team  was  in  their  places. 

That  speed  the  people  demanded,  at  that  time ;  and  it  had 
to  be  effected — that  it  was  eftectcd,  was  the  consequence  of 
there  being  thoroughbreds  in  England,  sufiiciently  numerous 
and  sufficiently  cheap  to  be  applied  to  coaching  purposes. 

It  is  useless  to  decry  the  advantages  of  speedy  travel,  in 
these  days,  when  men  will  travel,  at  the  risk  of  incurring  actual 
peril  of  life  and  limb — if  they  travel  far  and  frequently — equal 
to  that  faced  b}^  a  soldier  in  active  service,  in  the  fastest  and 
most  insecure  of  railroads  and  steamboats.  And  it  is  just  as 
absurd  to  decry  the  utility  of  speed  in  horse-flesh,  which  is 
not  incompatible  with  perfect  security,  as  it  were  to  maintain 
that  slow  trains  are  perferable  to  fast  ones,  and  that  it  is  better 
to  cross  the  Atlantic  in  thirty  days  than  in  ten  or  eleven. 

For  if  it  be  as  good,  or  better,  it  is  evident  that  people  will 
not  do  it. 

And  just  as  well  may  we  expect  a  traveller  purposely  to  se- 
lect a  slow  steamer  for  an  ocean  transit,  as  to  drive  a  slow  horse 
and  a  bad  traveller,  when  he  can  drive  or  ride  one  that  rattles 
him  off  his  fourteen  or  sixteen  miles  in  an  hour,  with  ease  to 
himself,  and  pleasure  to  his  owner. 

It  is  a  utilitarian  maxim  of  the  age  tlicit  time  is  money ;  a 
maxim  wdiich  we  hear  most  earnestly  insisted  on  by  the  anti- 
race-horse,  anti-trial- of-speed,  anti-every-sort-of-amusement  pha- 


SPEED   IS   MONEY.  485 

risees,  with  wliom  money  is  not  only  the  greatest,  but  the  only, 
good. 

Now  it  cannot  be  denied,  that,  in  a  far  more  matter  of  fact 
sense,  than  that  in  which  time  is  said  to  be  money,  because  out 
of  time  we  may,  or  may  not,  according  to  our  own  abilities  and 
other  contingencies,  make  money,  fast  horses  really  are  true, 
hard  money.  For  in  the  exact  ratio  of  their  speed,  other  things 
being  equal,  will  they  command  cash  down. 

Whether  it  be  right  or  wrong,  wise  or  unwise  in  the  world, 
that  it  should  be  so,  so  it  is  ;  and  so  long  as  the  world  will  give 
large  prices  for  fast  horses,  that  can  make  the  time,  and  stay  the 
distance,  so  long  do  we  opine  that  farmers,  in  general,  and 
horse-breeding  farmers,  in  particular,  will  judge  it  to  be  for 
their  advantage  to  have  their  road-mare,  if  they  keep  one,  or 
their  plough-mare,  if  they  do  not,  of  a  likely  kind  to  drop  a 
fast,  well-shaped,  enduring  foal — in  case  they  take  a  notion  to 
throw  her  out  of  work  for  a  while,  and  see  if  they  can't  get  a 
clever  colt  out  of  her — will  judge  it  to  be  for  their  advantage 
to  stint  her  to  a  horse,  which  has  shown  himself  by  proof  of 
trial,  to  be  a  sure  getter  of  fast,  hardy,  and  sound  ones — even 
if  he  have  to  pay  a  handful  of  dollars  for  his  service,  more  than 
for  that  of  some  loggy,  lazy,  swill-fattened  drayhorse  ; — and  will 
judge  it  to  be  immensely  to  his  advantage,  if  he  find  himself, 
at  the  end  of  three  or  four  years,  the  owner  of  a  young  one, 
which  realizes  him  eight  hundred  or  a  thousand,  because  he  can 
go  away  down  in  the  thirties,  or  half  as  much  again,  because 
he  has  the  style,  pace,  action  and  speed  to  make  a  general  offi- 
cer's battle-charger,  or  a  match  for  a  pair  of  round-steppers, 
which,  together,  will  command  three  or  four  thousand,  from  a 
city-  dealer — Neighbor  No-advantage-in-speed-Sour-Grapes,  to 
the  contrary  notwithstanding. 

Now  to  the  production  of  the  animals  of  the  types  I  de- 
scribe— I  care  not  which  of  them — the  blood  sire  is  a  requisite. 
And  the  better  blood,  the  better  I  mean,  for  its  proved  trans- 
mission of  speed  and  lasting,  and  the  more  of  it,  the  better 
will  be  the  foal ;  whether  he  turn  out  a  trotter,  a  charger,  a 
hunter,  a  roadster,  a  carriage  horse,  or  a  mere  machineer. 

In  whichever  of  these  capacities  he  is  fitted  by  his  strength, 
size,  weight,  bone,  show,  speed,  carriage,  and  action  to  excel, 


486  THE  HORSE. 

rest  assured  beyond  the  possibility  of  a  mistake,  that  the  com- 
petitor, who  is  precisely  his  equal  in  every  other  respect,  but 
his  inferior  in  blood,  he  will  beat  in  lasting,  in  coming  again, 
and  in  endurance  of  punishment,  by  exactly  so  much  as  he  does 
excel  him  in  blood. 

Nay !  if  he  have  very  long  to  last,  and  very  often  to  come 
again,  particularly  at  high  weights,  and  in  distress,  he  may 
safely  allow  him  the  advantage  of  a  very  superior  turn  of  speed. 
And  those  lovers  and  admirers  of  the  trotting  horse,  and  depre- 
ciators  of  the  race  horse,  as  if  he  were  a  mere  toy  of  luxury 
and  idleness,  an  inciter  to  vain  display,  and  an  accomplice  in 
sin  and  scandal,  tacitly  admit  his  immeasurable  superiority  as 
a  progenitor,  by  the  pains  they  take — wherever  there  is  the 
shadow  of  foundation  for  such  a  pretence — to  prove  that  the 
trotter  is  thoroughbred  himself,  or  at  least  the  product  of  three 
or  four  pure  crosses. 

For  they  well  know  that  being  shown  fast^  in  his  own  per- 
formnnce,  and  in  his  blood  indisputably  of  high  thorough  strain, 
his  value  is  multiplied  tenfold.  Such  descent  is  all  but  a  guar- 
antee that,  whatever  else  he  may  turn  out,  he  will  not  turn  out 
a  flincher  or  a  dunghill. 

Pedigrees  of  trotters  are  rarely  to  be  ascertained,  or  even 
approximated,  since  they  have  for  the  most  part  passed  through 
many  hands,  and  are  no  longer  young,  before  their  powers  are 
discovered — when  it  is  too  late  to  inquire.  Still,  it  is  known 
that  many,  and,  for  every  reason,  suspected  that  more  of  the 
best  performers  have  been  nearly  if  not  quite  thoroughbred. 

Of  this,  however,  I  am  prepared  to  treat  more  fully,  when 
I  come  to  speak  of  trotters  and  the  trotting  turf,  the  reason  of 
their  superior  excellence  and  frequency  in  the  United  States, 
and  of  their  rarity  and  inferior  speed  in  Great  Britain. 

There  is  yet  one  branch  of  horse-breeding  to  be  named,  and 
that,  perhaps,  the  most  important  in  a  national  point  of  view. 
I  mean  the  breeding  of  horses  for  mounting  the  cavalry  service ; 
and  in  none  is  the  use  of  the  thoroughbred  stallion,  as  a  sire,  so 
manifest  as  in  this. 

The  requirements  of  cavalry  service,  in  modern  armies,  are 
twofold — the  first,  outpost  duty,  making  reconnoissances  of 
wide  tracts  of  country,  and  skirmishing — the  second,  charging 


CAVALKT.  487 

solid  masses,  whether  of  infantry  or  horse,  at  speed,  in  the 
actual  shock  of  battle.  For  the  first  of  these  duties,  activity, 
rather  than  speed,  quickness,  hardness,  and  endurance,  are  the 
essential  qualifications — for  the  second,  the  union  of  the  maxi- 
mum of  speed  with  the  maximum  of  the  weight-carrying 
capacity. 

In  the  charge  of  cavalry  the  measure  of  the  impetus,  or 
momentum,  of  the  attacking  body,  is  that  of  the  weight  multi- 
plied by  that  of  the  velocity  of  the  impinging  body. 

It  is  evident,  therefore,  that  the  heavier  the  body  which  can 
be  propelled  at  a  given  rate  against  a  lighter  body,  going  at  the 
same  rate — or  the  greater  the  speed  at  which  any  given  body 
can  be  propelled  against  an  equal  body  moving  at  inferior 
speed — the  more  powerful  and  certain  the  eifect  of  the  charge. 

In  a  word,  the  problem  given  to  be  answered  is,  how  to 
propel  the  maximum  weight  at  the  maximum  speed  ? 

The  weight  of  an  English  trooper  fully  accoutred  and  in 
heavy  marching  order,  is  prodigious  ;  that  of  a  hussar  or  light 
dragoon,  averaging  eighteen  stone,  or  250  lbs. ;  that  of  a  heavy 
dragoon,  twenty  stone,  or  280  lbs. ;  and  that  of  a  life-guardsman, 
or  cuirassier,  twenty-two  stone,  or  308  lbs. 

Great  power  is  of  course  required  to  mount  these  ponderous 
masses,  but  great  speed  is  also  required  to  move  them  ;  for 
unless  they  can  be  launched  at  a  tremendous  rate,  all  the 
horses  being  so  equal  in  their  pace  and  stride  that  the  line  is 
kept  perfectly  dressed,  and  even,  to  the  moment  when  the  shock 
is  to  be  given,  the  charge  is  a  failure. 

To  attain  this  power  of  immense  speed  for  a  short  time  under 
a  crushing  weight,  in  the  actual  charge,  and  to  combine  with  it 
the  power  of  staying  long  distances,  coming  again  quickly, 
moving  actively,  and  enduring  severe  distress,  nothing  but  the 
highest  possible  degree  of  blood  that  can  be  combined  with  bone, 
size,  shape  and  action  sufficient  to  endure  such  weights,  and  all 
this  capable  of  being  furnished  at  a  possible  price,  can  succeed. 
This  can  be,  and  is  attained  by  the  crossing  choice  blood  stal- 
lions of  the  proper  build  and  style  on  properly  selected  mares, 
to  the  second  or  third  generation.  The  light  brigade  of  Lord 
Cardigan,  which  made  that  prodigious  charge  and  retreat,  each 
of  a  mile  and  a  half,  was  mounted  on  three  parts  blood-Iiorses. 


488  THE   HOKSE. 

It  is  safe  to  assert  that,  had  they  been  half-breds,  not  one  hoi'se 
would  liave  got  back  into  the  British  lines  ;  had  they  possessed 
no  blood  at  all,  they  would  all  have  stood  still  before  they 
reached  the  Russian  batteries. 

The  heavy  brigade  of  Brig.  Gen.  Scarlet,  which  rode  through 
the  Russian  troopers  in  fourfold  force,  as  if  they  had  been  lines 
of  pasteboard,  were  mounted  on  chargers  having  two  crosses  of 
pure  blood,  or  as  nearly  so  as  possible. 

Nothing  but  blood  could  have  accomplished  either  feat. 

And  it  is  well  to  remember  that,  when  cavalry  meets  cavalry 
in  the  deadly  shock,  both  being  equally  brave  and  equally  well 
led,  that  cavalry,  which  is  horsed  on  chargers  of  the  same 
weight,  but  of  inferior  blood  and  stride,  must  go  down  like 
grass  before  the  scythe. 

This  is  the  pride  and  triumph  of  blood,  that  it  can  do  every 
thing,  for  which  it  is  intended,  quite  well,  and  that  nothing  else 
can  do  so ;  with  the  exception  of  pulling  tons  of  weight  at  a  foot's 
pace ;  and  I  have  seen  blood  horses  which  could  have  done  that 
too,  had  they  been  put  to  it ;  one  in  particular,  a  gigantic  stal- 
lion, named  Belshazzar,  which  stood  for  country  mares  in  the 
West  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  in  about  the  year  1830.  He  was 
above  seventeen  hands  high,  and  as  large  boned  and  generally 
powerful  as  any  Conestoga  horse  I  have  since  beheld. 

The  true  utility  of  the  thoroughbred  horse,  therefore,  is  the 
raising  the  standard  of  speed,  spirit  and  endurance,  which  are 
hloodi  in  horses  for  all  purposes,  the  road,  the  hunting  field,  the 
shock  of  the  battle,  for  pomp,  for  speed,  for  courage,  for  true 
service. 

AVoe  to  the  country  which,  aspiring  to  equestrian  fame,  relies 
on  any  blood  but  that,  or  any  mode  of  maintaining  that,  at  its 
acme,  but  the  assiduous  encouragement  and  patronage  of  the 
race-horse  and  the  turf. 

It  was  thus  that  England  won,  centuries  ago,  her  admitted 
invincibility,  her  immeasureable  superiority  over  all  European 
nations  in  her  breed  of  horses  ;  not  of  one,  but  of  all  castes  ;  not 
for  one  use,  but  for  all  conceivable  purposes ;  thus,  that  she 
has  preserved  her  prestige  unaltered. 

It  is  thus  that  we,  following  her  example,  can  show  one 


THE   ENGLISH   HOESE.  489 

country,  the  only  one  on  earth  to  which  it  has  been  introduced, 
in  which  tlie  English  horse  has  not  degenerated. 

In  every  respect,  at  least,  we  stand  equal  to  the  mother 
country  in  her  boasted  equestrian  glories ;  in  one  particular,  our 
trotting  turf,  and  the  consequence  thereof,  our  light,  active,  hardy 
roadsters,  we  avowedly  surpass  her.  With  her  hunters  and 
steeple-chasers  we  have  not,  nor  are  like  to  have,  any  competi- 
tion ;  but  it  is  probable  that,  before  these  lines  shall  have  been 
converted  from  manuscrijDt  to  type,  the  palm  of  the  modern 
turf  may  have  been  lost  and  won. 

All  this,  however,  we  have  accomplished  by  cherishing  what 
we  have  got  from  her,  alone  of  nations,  the  pure  blood  of  our 
thoroughbreds.  If  we  lose  that  by  our  own  neglect,  or  throw  it 
away,  in  obedience  to  the  folly  of  fanatical  pharisees,  it  will  be  onr 
own  fault ;  and  a  fault  which  will  deserve  contempt,  not  pity ; 
committing  which,  we  shall  merit  alike  and  receive  the  ridicule 
of  all  foreign  nations,  and  the  reprobation  of  our  own  people, 
before  the  birth  of  a  second,  much  less  a  third,  generation. 


ESSENTIAL   POmTS 

IN    THE    THOROUGHBRED    HORSE    FOR    RACING    PURPOSES. 

In  the  following  description,  the  points  of  the  thoronghbred 
horse  are  so  admirably  laid  down  by  Stonehenge,  and  are  so 
exactly  those  which  I  liold  to  constitute  the  perfection  of  a 
blood-horse  in  a  high  form,  not  only  for  racing  purposes  but  as 
a  stallion  for  improving  the  breed  of  animals,  and  for  getting 
the  best  horses  from  any  possible  class  of  mare,  for  all  possible 
uses,  unless  for  the  very  slowest  and  most  ponderous  draught, 
that  I  extract  it  entire,  endorsing  it  with  all  my  strength,  from  an 
excellent  work  on  British  Rural  Sports,  to  which  I  have  here 
before  recorded  my  indebtedness : — 

Purity  of  blood  is  a  sine  qua  non  for  racing  purposes,  but 
it  is  necessary  to  nnderstand  what  is  meant  by  the  term 
"  blood."  It  is  not  to  be  supposed  that  there  is  any  real  differ- 
ence between  the  blood  of  the  thoroughbred  horse  and  that  of 
the  half-bred  animal;  no  one  could  discriminate  between  the 
two  by  any  known  means ;  the  term  "  blood  "  is  here  synono- 
mous  with  hreed^  and  by  purity  of  blood  we  mean  purity  in 
the  breeding  of  the  individual  animal  under  consideration;  that 
is  to  say,  that  the  horse  which  is  entirely  bred  from  one  source 
is  pure  from  any  mixture  with  others,  and  may  be  a  pure  Suf- 
folk Punch,  or  a  pure  Clydesdale,  or  a  pure  thoroughbred 
horse.  But  all  these  terms  are  comparative,  since  there  is  no 
such  animal  as  a  perfectly  purely  bred  horse  of  any  breed,  whe- 
ther cart-horse,  hack,  or  race-horse ;  all  have  been  produced 
from  an  admixture  with  other  breeds,  and  though  now  kept  as 


PUKE   BLOOD.  491 

pure  as  possible,  jet  they  were  originally  compounded  from 
varying  elements.  Even  the  best  and  purest  thoronghbreds 
are  stained  with  some  slight  imperfections,  and  therefore  it  is 
only  by  comparison  that  the  word  pure  is  applicable  to  them  or 
any  others.  But  since  the  thoroughbred  horse,  as  he  is  called, 
has  long  been  bred  for  racing  purposes,  and  selections  have 
been  made  with  that  view  alone,  it  is  reasonable  to  suppose 
that  this  breed  is  the  best  for  that  purpose,  and  that  a  stain  of 
any  other  is  a  deviation  from  the  clearest  stream  into  one  more 
muddy,  and  therefore  impure  ;  the  consequence  is,  that  the 
animal  bred  from  the  impure  source  fails  in  some  of  tlie  essen- 
tial characteristics  of  the  pure  breed,  and  is  in  so  far  useless 
for  this  particular  object.  Kow,  in  practice  this  is  found  to  be 
the  case,  for  in  every  instance  it  has  resulted  that  the  horse 
bred  with  the  slightest  deviation  from  the  sources  indicated  by 
the  stud-book,  is  unable  to  compete  in  lasting  power  with  those 
which  are  entirely  of  that  breed.  Hence  it  is  established  as  a 
rule,  that  for  racing  purposes  every  horse  must  be  thorough- 
bred ;  that  is,  as  I  have  already  explained,  of  a  sire  and  dam 
whose  names  are  met  with  in  the  Stud  Book. 

The  external  form  of  the  race-horse  is  of  great  importance ; 
but  there  is  no  douljt  that  the  axiom  is  correct,  "  that  the  horse 
can  run  in  all  forms."  The  instances  where  this  is  so,  however, 
are  the  excej^tional  cases,  and  the  rule,  nevertheless,  is  a  good 
one,  which  lays  down  that  cceteris  paribus,  the  horse  will  be 
the  best  runner  which  is  formed  in  the  mould  most  like  that  of 
the  greatest  number  of  good  race-horses.  Thus,  supposing  it  is 
found  that  out  of  50  good  horses  49  have  neat  heads,  light  necks, 
deep  chests,  oblique  shoulders,  long  racing  hind-quarters,  strong 
hocks,  &c.,  the  presumption  will  be  that  a  horse  resembling 
those  49  in  shape  will  also  resemble  them  in  speed  and  endur- 
ance. On  the  other  hand,  it  is  admitted  on  the  turf  that  high- 
breeding  is  of  more  consequence  than  external  shape,  and  that 
of  two  horses,  one  perfect  in  shape,  but  of  an  inferior  strain  of 
blood,  and  the  other  of  the  most  winning  blood,  but  not  so  well 
formed  in  shape,  the  latter  will  be  the  most  likely  to  perform 
to  the  satisfaction  of  his  master  on  the  race-course.  On  this 
principle  the  proverb  has  been  framed  and  handed  down  to  us, 
that  "  an  ounce  of  blood  is  worth  a  pound  of  bone,"  and  with 


492  THE   HOKSE. 

the  above  explanation  such  is  really  the  case.  But  in  spite  of 
all  this  recognized  superiority  of  blood,  it  is  indisputable  that 
for  tlie  highest  degree  of  success  there  must  be  not  only  high 
purity  of  blood,  and  that  of  the  most  winning  strains,  but  there 
must  also  be  a  frame  of  the  most  useful  character,  if  not  always 
of  the  most  elegant  form.  Many  of  our  very  best  horses  have 
been  x^h'^in.  and  even  coarse-looking — as,  for  instance,  most  of 
the  Melbournes,  and  especially  that  very  fast  horse,  Sir  Tatton 
Sykes ;  but,  in  spite  of  their  plainness,  all  the  points  are  good 
and  useful,  and  the  deficiency  is  in  elegance,  not  in  real  utility. 
"Nothing  can  exceed  the  goodness  of  the  frames  of  this  horse's 
stock,  and  their  width  of  hip  and  general  roominess  of  make  is 
such  as  to  give  them  enormous  power  and  great  substance  of 
muscle,  which  is  particularly  serviceable  in  the  fillies  got  by 
him,  a  class  of  animals  more  often  deficient  in  these  points  than 
colts.  From  this  it  results  that  the  distinction  must  always  be 
made  between  elegance  and  utility ;  and  it  must  be  remembered, 
that  while  the  former  pleases  the  eye,  it  is  not  really  conducive 
to  victory ;  whilst  on  the  other  hand,  the  ragged  hips  and  gen- 
eral bony  frames  of  some  horses  are  not  so  elegant  to  the  eye, 
but  they  give  strong  attachment  to  the  moving  powers,  and  also 
allow  the  muscular  system  to  be  largely  developed  on  their 
foundation.  The  following  are  the  generally  admitted  good 
points  by  which  the  race-course  of  high  caste  is  distinguished 
from  the  common  herd. 

The  height  of  the  race-horse  varies  from  15  hands  to  16  1-2 
hands,  or  even  17  hands ;  but  the  general  height  of  our  best 
horses  is  about  15  hands  3  inches.  Few  first-class  performers 
have  exceeded  the  height  of  Surplice,  who  is  16  hands  1  inch, 
as  is  also  the  winner  of  this  year's  Derby,  Wild  Dayrell,  Sir 
Tatton  Sykes  is  15  1-2  hands  ;  and  between  his  height  and  that 
of  Surplice  may  be  ranged  every  great  winner  for  the  last  10  or 
12  years.  This  average,  therefore,  may  be  fairly  laid  down  as 
the  best  height  for  the  race-horse,  though  it  cannot  be  denied 
that  for  some  small  and  confined  courses — as,  for  instance,  that 
of  Chester,  a  smaller  horse  of  little  more  than  15  hands  height 
lias  a  better  chance,  as  being  more  capable  of  turning  round 
the  constantly  recurring  angles  or  bends. 

The  head  and  neck  should  be  characterized  by  lightness. 


SHAPE.  493 

wliicli  is  essential  for  tliis  department.  Whatever  is  unneces- 
sary is  so  much  dead  weight,  and  we  know  the  effect  of  7  lbs. 
in  impeding  the  horse  over  a  distance  of  ground.  Kow  7  lbs. 
are  easily  bestowed  upon  a  neck  which  may  differ  in  at  least 
20  or  30  lbs.  between  the  two  extremes  of  lightness  and  exces- 
sive weight.  Thus,  it  may  be  considered  as  indubitable,  that 
whatever  is  met  with  in  the  head  and  neck,  which  is  not  neces- 
sary for  the  peculiar  purposes  of  the  race-horse,  is  so  much 
weight  thrown  away,  and  yet  it  must  be  carried  by  the  horse. 
Such  is  the  general  character  of  this  part;  but  in  detail  the 
head  should  be  lean  about  the  jaw,  yet  with  a  full  development 
of  forehead,  which  should  be  convex  and  wide,  so  as  to  contain 
within  the  skull  a  good  volume  of  brain.  Supposing  this  fulness 
to  exist,  all  the  rest  of  the  head  may  be  as  fine  as  possible  ;  the 
jaws  being  reduced  to  a  fine  muzzle,  with  a  slight  hollowing 
out  in  front,  but  with  a  width  between  the  two  sides  of  the 
lower  jaw  where  it  joins  the  neck,  so  as  to  allow  plenty  of  room 
for  the  top  of  the  windpipe  when  the  neck  is  bent.  The  ears 
should  be  pricked  and  fine,  but  not  too  short ;  eyes  full  and 
spirited ;  nostrils  large,  and  capable  of  being  well  dilated  when 
at  full  speed,  wliich  is  easily  tested  by  the  gallop,  after  which 
they  ought  to  stand  out  firmly,  and  so  as  to  show  the  internal 
lining  fully.  Tlie  neck  should  be  muscular,  and  yet  light ;  the 
windpipe  loose  and  separate  from  the  neck — that  is,  not  too 
tightly  bound  down  by  the  fa-scia,  or  membrane  of  the  neck. 
The  crest  should  be  thin  and  wiry,  not  thick  and  loaded,  as  is 
often  seen  in  coarse  stallions,  or  even  in  some  mares.  Between 
the  two  extremes  of  the, ewe-neck  and  its  opposite  there  are 
many  degrees,  but  for  racing  purposes  I  should  prefer,  of  the 
two,  the  former  to  the  latter ;  for  few  horses  can  go  well  with 
their  necks  bent  so  as  to  draw  the  chin  to  the  bosom  ;  but  here, 
as  in  most  other  cases,  the  happy  medium  is  to  be  desired, 
which  is  that  exhibited  in  the  figure  of  Kingston,  who  is  a  horse 
as  remarkable  for  his  shape  as  for  liis  exceedingly  distinguished 
performances.  His  head  and  general  form  are  those  whicli 
may  be  selected  as  the  pattern  for  the  race-horse,  for  though 
he  is  often  considered  as  too  light  in  the  girth,  he  is,  in  my 
opinion,  just  what  a  race-horse  should  be  in  that  department, 
which  is  more  frequently  too  deep  than  the  reverse  ;  and  his 


494  THE   H0K8E. 

well-known  stoutness,  as  well  as  that  of  his  kitli  and  kin,  verifies 
the  opinion. 

The  body,  or  middle-piece,  should  be  moderately  long,  and 
not  too  ranch  confined  between  the  last  rib  and  the  hip-bone. 
So  long  as  the  last  or  back-ribs  are  deep,  it  is  not  of  so  much 
importance  that  tliey  should  be  closely  connected  to  the  hip- 
bone, for  such  a  shape  shortens  the  stride ;  and  though  it  enables 
the  horse  to  carry  great  weight,  yet  it  prevents  him  from  attain- 
ing a  high  rate  of  speed.  The  back  itself  should  be  muscular, 
and  the  hips  so  wide  as  to  allow  of  a  good  development  of  the 
muscular  department.  The  withers  may  rise  gently,  but  not 
too  high,  with  that  thin,  razor-like  elevation  which  many  people 
call  a  good  shoulder,  but  which  really  has  nothing  to  do  with 
tliat  part,  and  is  only  an  annoyance  to  the  saddler,  in  prevent- 
ing its  being  pinched  by  the  saddle.  The  chest  itself  should 
be  well  developed,  but  not  too  wide  and  deep  ;  no  horse  can  go 
a  distance  without  a  fair  "  bellows- room  ; "  but,  supposing  the 
lieart  to  be  sound  and  of  good  quality,  the  amount  of  lung  will 
sufiice  which  may  be  contained  in  a  medium-sized  chest,  and  all 
above  that  is  wasted,  and  is  extra  weight.  Many  of  our  best 
winded  horses  have  had  medium-sized  chests,  and  some  of  the 
very  worst  have  been  furnished  with  room  enough  for  a  pair  of 
blacksmith's  bellows  to  play  in.  If  the  heart  only  does  its  duty 
well,  the  lungs  can  always  furnish  suflicient  air  ;  and  we  know 
that  Avhen  frequently  renewed,  and  with  sufiicient  power,  the 
blood  is  aerated  as  fast  as  it  is  propelled,  and  the  chief  difiiculty 
lies  in  this  power  of  propulsion,  which  resides  in  the  heart  alone. 
If  the  chest  be  too  wide,  it  materially  afiects  the  action  of  the 
fore-legs,  and  therefore  in  every  point  of  view,  theoretically  and 
practically,  there  is  a  happy  medium  between  the  too  great  con- 
traction in  this  department,  and  the  heavy,  wide,  lumbering 
chests,  sometimes  seen  even  in  the  thoroughbred  race-horse, 
especially  when  reared  upon  rich  succulent  herbage,  more  fitted 
for  the  bullock  than  the  eastern  horse.  In  the  formation  of  the 
hips,  the  essential  point  is  length  and  breadth  of  bone  for  mus- 
cular attachment,  and  it  matters  little  whether  the  croup  droops 
a  little,  or  is  pretty  straight  and  level,  so  that  there  is  a  good 
length  from  the  hip  to  the  haunch-bone  ;  the  line  between  which 
two  points  may  either  be  nearly  horizontal,  or  forming  a  con- 


THE   FOKE-QdAETEK.  495 

siderable  angle  with  the  ground ;  but  still  in  both  cases  in  should 
be  a  long  line,  and  the  longer  it  is  tlie  more  muscular  substance 
is  attached  to  it,  and  the  greater  leverage  will  the  muscles  have. 
All  these  points  are  still  further  explained  in  the  Anatomy  of 
the  Horse,  which  see,  for  the  details  of  those  parts. 

The  fore-quarter,  consisting  of  the  shoulder,  upper  and 
lower  arm  and  leg  and  foot,  should  be  well  set  on  to  the  chest; 
and  the  shoulder-blade  should  lie  obliquely  on' the  side  of  that 
part,  with  a  full  development  of  muscle  to  move  it,  and  thrust 
it  well  forward  in  the  gallop.  Obliquity  is  of  the  greatest  im- 
portance, acting  as  a  spring  in  taking  oil"  the  shock  of  the  gallop 
or  leap,  and  also  giving  a  longer  attachment  to  the  muscles,  and 
in  addition  enabling  them  to  act  with  more  leverage  upon  the 
arm  and  leg.  It  will  be  seen,  by  a  reference  to  the  skeleton, 
that  the  shoulder-blade  does  not  reach  the  top  of  the  withers, 
and  tliat  those  bones  forming  that  part  have  nothing  to  do  with 
the  shoulder  itself ;  hence  many  high-withered  horses  liave  bad 
and  weak  shoulders,  and  some  very  upright  ones  ;  whilst,  on 
the  other  hand,  many  low-withered  horses  have  very  oblique 
and  powerful  shoulders,  and  such  as  to  give  great  facihty  and 
pliability  to  the  fore  extremity.  Tlie  shoulder  should  be  very 
muscular,  without  being  over-done  or  loaded,  and  so  formed  as 
to  play  freely  in  the  action  of  the  horse.  The  point  of  the 
shoulder  which  is  the  joint  corresponding  to  the  human  shoulder, 
should  be  free  from  raggedness,  but  not  too  flat ;  a  certain  de- 
gree of  development  of  the  bony  parts  is  desirable,  but  more 
than  this  leads  to  defect,  and  impedes  the  action  of  this  im- 
portant part.  The  upper  arm,  between  this  joint  and  the  elbow, 
should  be  long,  and  well  clothed  with  muscles ;  the  elbow  set 
on  quite  straight,  and  not  tied  in  to  the  chest ;  the  lower  arm 
muscular  and  long  ;  knees  broad  and  strong,  with  the  bony  pro- 
jection behind  well  developed  ;  legs  flat,  and  showing  a  suspen- 
sory ligament  large  and  free  ;  pasterns  long  enough,  without 
being  weak ;  and  the  feet  sound,  and  neither  too  large  nor  too 
small,  and  unattended  with  any  degree  of  contraction,  which  is 
the  bane  of  the  thoroughbred  horse. 

Tlie  hind-quarter  is  the  chief  agent  in  propulsion,  and  is 
therefore  of  the  utmost  consequence  in  attaining  high  speed.  It 
is  often  asserted  that  the  oblique  shoulder  is  the  grand  requisite 


496  THE   UOKSE. 

in  tliis  object,  and  that  it  is  the  part  upon  which  speed  mainly 
depends,  and  in  which  it  may  be  said  to  reside.  This  is,  to  some 
extent,  trne,  because  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  with  a  loaded 
shoulder  high  speed  is  impracticable  ;  for  however  powerfully 
the  body  may  be  propelled,  yet  when  the  fore-quarter  touches 
the  ground  it  does  not  bound  off  again  as  smartly  as  it  ought  to 
do,  and  the  pace  is  consequently  slo\^^  This  position  may  be 
illustrated  by  an  experiment  with  two  balls,  one  of  india-rubber, 
and  the  other  of  corresponding  size  and  weight,  made  of  any 
inelastic  material,  such  as  wax.  l^ow  suppose  these  two  balls 
propelled  with  equal  power  along  a  piece  of  fine  turf  at  such  an 
angle  as  to  strike  its  surface,  and  rebound  again  and  again — the 
elastic  ball  would  at  first  only  equal  the  other  in  speed,  but  it 
would  soon  outstrip  it,  because  its  elasticity  would  carry  on  the 
original  propelling  power,  while  the  dull,  inelastic  nature  of  the 
wax-ball  would  speedily  cause  it  to  adhere  to  its  luother  earth. 
Just  so  with  the  elastic  shoulder — it  receives  the  resistance  of 
the  earth,  but  reacts  upon  it,  and  loses  very  little  of  the  power 
given  by  the  stroke  of  the  hind-quarter,  Avhich,  nevertheless, 
must  be  strong  and  quick,  or  else  there  is  nothing  for  the 
shoulder  to  receive  and  transmit.  For  the  full  action  of  the 
hind-quarters,  two  things  are  necessary ;  viz.,  first,  length 
and  volume  of  muscle  ;  and,  secondly,  length  of  leverage  upon 
which  that  muscle  may  act.  Hence  all  the  bones  comprising 
the  hind-quarter  should  be  long,  but  the  comparative  length 
must  vary  a  good  deal,  in  order  that  the  parts  upon  which  the 
muscles  lie  may  be  long,  rather  than  those  connected  with  the 
tendons,  which  are  mere  ropes,  and  have  no  propelling  power 
residing  in  them,  but  only  transmit  that  which  they  derive  from 
the  muscles  themselves.  Thus,  the  hips  should  be  long  and 
wide,  and  the  two  upper  divisions  of  the  limb — viz.,  the  stifle 
and  lower  thigh — should  be  long,  strong,  and  fully  developed. 
By  this  formation  the  stifle-joint  is  brought  well  forward,  and 
there  is  a  considerable  angle  between  these  two  divisions.  The 
hock  should  be  bony  and  strong,  free  from  gum  or  spavin,  and 
the  point  long,  and  so  set  on  as  to  be  free  from  weakness  at  the 
situation  of  curb.  In  examining  the  hind-quarter  to  judge  of 
its  muscular  development,  the  horse  shoidd  not  be  looked  at 
sideways,  but  his  tail  should  be  raised,  and  it  should  be  ascer- 


coLOB.  497 

tained  that  the  muscles  of  the  two  limbs  meet  together  below 
the  anus,  which  should  be  in  fact  well  supported  by  them,  and 
not  left  loose,  and,  as  it  were,  in  a  deep  and  flaccid  hollow.  The 
outline  of  the  outer  part  of  the  thigh  should  be  full,  and  in 
ordinary  horses  the  muscle  sliould  swell  out  beyond  the  level  of 
the  point  of  the  hip.  This  fulness,  howevei*,  is  not  often  seen 
to  this  extent  in  the  thoroughbred  horse  until  he  has  arrived  at 
mature  age,  and  is  taken  out  of  training.  Tlie  bones  below  the 
hock  should  be  flat  and  free  from  adhesions  ;  the  ligaments  and 
tendons  fully  developed,  and  standing  out  free  from  the  bone  ; 
and  the  joints  well  formed  and  wide,  yet  without  any  diseased 
enlargement  ;  the  pasterns  should  be  moderately  long  and 
oblique  ;  the  bones  of  good  size  ;  and,  lastly,  the  feet  should 
correspond  w^ith  those  already  alluded  to  in  the  anterior  ex- 
tremity. 

The  totality  of  these  points  should  be  in  proportion  to  one 
another — that  is  to  say,  the  formation  of  the  horse  should  be 
"  true."  He  should  not  have  long,  well-developed  hind-quarters, 
with  an  upright,  weak,  or  confined  fore-quarter.  Nor  will  the 
converse  serve  ;  for  however  well  formed  the  shoulder  may  be, 
the  horse  will  not  go  well  unless  he  has  a  similar  formation  in 
the  propellers.  It  is  of  great  importance,  therefore,  that  the 
race-horse  should  have  all  his  various  points  in  true  relative 
development,  and  tliat  there  shall  not  be  the  hind-quarter  of  a 
long,  racing-like  liorse,  with  the  thick,  confined  shoulder  which 
would  suit  a  stride  less  reaching  in  its  nature. 

The  color  of  the  thorouglibred  horse  is  now  generally  bay, 
brown,  or  chestnut,  one  or  other  of  which  will  occur  in  ninety- 
nine  cases  out  of  a  hundred.  Gray  is  not  common,  but  some- 
times appears,  as  in  the  recent  case  of  Chanticleer  and  some  of 
his  stock.  Black  also  occasionally  makes  its  appearance,  but 
not  more  frequently  than  gray.  Roans,  duns,  sorrels,  &c.,  are 
now  quite  exploded,  and  the  above  five  colors  may  be  said  to 
complete  the  list  of  colors  seen  on  the  race-course.  Sometimes 
these  colors  are  mixed  with  a  good  deal  of  white,  in  the  shape 
of  blazes  on  the  face,  or  white  legs  and  feet ;  or  even  both  may 
occur,  and  the  horse  may  have  little  more  than  his  body  of  a 
brown,  bay,  or  chestnut.  Most  people,  however,  prefer  the  self- 
color,  with  as  little  white  as  possible  ;  and  nothing  but  the  great 
Vol.  I.— 3^ 


498  THE    HOESE. 

success  of  a  horse's  stock  would  induce  breeders  to  resort  to  liira 
if  tliej  were  largely  endowed  witli  white.  Gray  hairs  mixed  in 
the  coat,  as  in  the  Venison's,  are  rather  approved  of  than  other- 
wise ;  but  they  do  not  amount  to  a  roan,  in  which  the  gray 
hairs  equal,  or  even  more  than  that,  the  other  color  mixed  witli 
them. 

The  texture  of  the  coat  and  skin,  is  a  great  proof  of  high 
breeding,  and  in  the  absence  of  the  pedigree  would  be  liighly 
regarded  ;  but  when  that  is  satisfactory,  it  is  of  no  use  descend- 
ing to  the  examination  of  an  inferior  proof;  and,  therefore, 
except  as  a  sign  of  health,  the  skin  is  seldom  considered.  In 
all  thoroughbred  horses,  however,  it  is  thinner,  and  the  hair 
more  silky  than  in  common  breeds  ;  and  the  veins  are  more 
apparent  under  the  skin,  partly  from  its  thinness,  but  also  from 
their  extra  size  and  number  of  branches.  This  network  of  veins 
is  of  importance  in  allowing  the  circulation  to  be  carried  on 
during  high  exertions,  when,  if  the  blood  could  not  accumulate 
in  them,  it  would  often  choke  the  deep  vessels  of  the  heart  and 
lungs  ;  but  by  collecting  on  the  surface  great  relief  is  aiforded, 
and  the  horse  is  able  to  maintain  such  a  high  and  long-con- 
tinued speed  as  would  be  impracticable  without  their  help. 
Hence  these  j)oints  are  not  useful  as  a  mere  mai'k  of  breed,  but 
as  essential  to  the  very  purpose  for  which  that  breed  was 
established. 

The  mane  and  tail  should  be  silky  and  not  curly,  though 
a  slight  wave  is  often  seen.  A  decided  curl  is  almost  univer- 
sally a  mark  of  degradation,  and  shows  a  stain  in  the  pedigree 
as  clearly  as  any  sign  can  do.  Here,  however,  as  in  other  cases, 
the  clear  tracing  of  that  all-powerful  proof  of  breeding  will  upset 
all  reasoning  founded  upon  inferior  data.  The  setting  on  of  the 
tail  is  often  regarded  as  of  great  importance,  but  it  is  chiefly 
with  reference  to  appearances  ;  for  the  horse  is  not  dependent 
for  action  or  power  upon  this  appendage.  ISTor  is  strength  of 
dock  of  any  value  as  a  sign,  and  I  have  known  many  very  stout 
horses  with  flaccid  and  loosely  pendant  tails. 

Between  the  form  of  West  Australian  and  that  of  a  com 
mon  country  plate-horse  there  is  a  very  wide  difi'erence,  and 
scarcely  any  weight  will  bring  them  together  short  of  that  which 
would  crush  the  former  to  the  earth.     There  are  numberless 


EFFECT    OF    WEIGHT.  499 

cases  in  which  four  stone  might  be  carried  by  a  first-class  horse, 
over  and  above  the  feather-weight  placed  on  a  very  slow  horse, 
and  yet  the  horse  in  high  form  will  run  away  from  the  plater, 
who  cannot  by  any  means  get  over  the  ground  faster  than  the 
rate  at  which  he  can  carry  a  fair  average  weight.  An  examina- 
tion of  our  handicap  lists  will  show,  that  between  their  top  and 
bottom  there  is  generally  a  difference  of  four  or  five  stone  ;  and 
though  this  difference  is  often  effectual  in  keeping  back  the  best 
horses,  it  does  not  always  allow  the  lightest  weights  to  win,  but 
rather  those  which  are  the  liglitest  as  compared  with  their  real 
powers.  But  it  is  also  well  known  that  certain  horses  can  run 
half  a  mile  at  high  speed,  but  no  more  ;  others,  a  mile  ;  others 
again,  a  mile  and  a  half  or  two  miles  ;  whilst  another  class,  now 
less  common  than  formerly,  require  a  distance  of  three  or  four 
miles  to  develope  their  powers,  as  compared  with  ordinary 
horses.  These  peculiarities  are  generally  hereditarj^,  though 
not  always  so  ;  but  still  when  the  blood  is  known,  it  may  gen- 
erally be  surmised  that  the  individual  will  or  will  not  stay  a 
distance.  When  the  cross  in  question  is  stout  on  one  side  and 
flasliy  on  the  other,  it  is  not  easy  to  guess  to  which  the  young 
scion  may  lean  ;  but  in  those  cases  where  a  horse  is  bred  from 
sires  and  dams  both  of  stout  blood,  or  the  reverse,  the  experi- 
enced hand  may,  in  almost  all  cases,  decide  beforehand  upon 
the  properties  of  the  son  or  daughter,  as  far  as  staying  quaUties 
are  concerned.  Again,  tliere  are  some  horses  of  strong  compact 
frames,  with  short  backs  and  strong  quarters,  who  may  be  ex- 
pected to  climb  a  hill  without  difficulty,  especially  if  of  stout 
blood  ;  and,  again,  there  are  others  of  lathy  frames,  with  long 
but  weak  points,  and  a  great  deal  of  daylight  under  tliem,  who 
may  win  over  the  fiat  for  a  mile,  or  a  mile  and  a  quarter,  but 
can  never  climb  a  hill,  or  get  beyond  the  above  distance  over  a 
flat.  All  these  points  should  be  carefully  studied  by  the  breeder 
in  getting  together  his  breeding  stock,  and  by  the  owner  in 
deciding  upon  the  stakes  for  which  he  shall  enter  his  young 
produce. 


OBSERVATIONS 

ON  IMPORTED    STALLIONS 

In  the  first.  Appendix  I  have  given,  to  the  best  of  my  ability, 
a  correct  list  of  the  thoroughbred  horses  imported  into  the 
United  States,  from  the  earliest  dates  to  the  present  day.  To  do 
this,  I  have  searched  every  authority  which  I  have  been  able  to 
command,  including  Pick's,  Johnson's,  Weatherby's  English 
Stud  Books,  "White's  History  of  the  British  Turf,  Skinner's  and 
Edgar's  American  Stud  Books,  Skinner's  American  Farmer, 
Skinner's  and  Porter's  Turf  Register,  the  old  Spirit  of  the  Times, 
Colden's  Sporting  Magazine,  Mason's  Farrier,  and  the  various 
English  works  published  under  the  nom  deplume  of  Stonehenge. 

I  do  not  dare  to  pretend  that  this  list  is  complete  or  j^erfect ; 
for  I  have  no  doubt  that  in  early  times,  many  horses,  really 
thoroughbred,  were  imported,  which  have  escaped  the  most  dili- 
gent inquiiy  and  research ;  while  many  others,  doubtless,  with 
no  pretension  to  the  title  of  thoroughbred,  have  been  made  to 
pass  muster  as  such,  on  the  bare  assertion  of  their  importers,  not 
backed  by  the  evidence  of  any  English  authority,  proving  that 
any  such  horses  ever  existed. 

In  like  manner,  in  recent  years,  I  fear — I  may  say,  I  have  no 
doubt — that  many  importations  of  thoroughbred  stock  have 
escaped  me  ;  particularly  since  the  discontinuance  of  Porter's 
Sporting  Magazine  ;  from  which  period  there  has  been  no  regu- 
larly kept  record  of  imported  animals,  beyond  such  as  may  bo 
found  in  the  columns  of  the  Aveekly  or  daily  papers,  to  w^ade 


SPOKTEfG   AUTHOEITIES.  501 

tlirougli  which  daring  a  space  of  twelve  years,  is  veritably  an 
almost  Herculean  labor. 

I  have,  however,  done  my  best  to  make  good  the  list,  to  the 
present  day,  as  regards  stallions  of  recent  importation. 

With  regard  to  those  of  an  earlier  date,  the  part  I  have  had 
to  perform  is  of  a  widely  ditferentnature.  It  was  to  decide  which 
of  the  horses  imported  as  thoroughbred  English  horses,  previous 
to  the  devolution,  and  so  late,  I  may  say,  as  to  the  first  ten. 
years  of  the  j^resent  century,  deserve  to  be  retained  as  such  in 
a  work  aiming  at  authenticity. 

Had  I  consulted,  merely,  my  own  convictions,  I  should  have 
at  once  discarded  from  the  list,  given  by  Skinner  and  Edgar,  of 
imported  stallions,  nearly  one-third  ;  either  because  there  is 
no  indication  whatever  that  any  such  horses  ever  existed,  or 
because  the  pedigrees,  given  with  the  names,  do  not  agree  with 
the  stud-book  pedigrees  of  the  real  horses,  owning  those  names. 

Tliere  is  yet  another  reason  for  suspicion  and  care  ;  which  is 
the  doul)t  whether — the  names  and  pedigrees  being  correct — the 
horses  themselves  ever  came  to  this  country  ;  which,  I  confess, 
in  several  instances  appears  to  me  hypothetical. 

I  find  it  stated  in  the  very  well-written  ti-eatise  on  the  race- 
horse in  America,  in  Mason's  Farrier,  that  "  about  the  period  of 
time  last  mentioned,  i.  e.  1800,  Colonel  Hoomes  and  many  others, 
availing  themselves  of  the  passion  for  racing,  inundated  Virginia 
with  imported  stallions,  bought  up  frequently  at  low  prices  in 
England,  having  little  reputation  there,  and  of  less  approved 
blood  ;  thereby  greatly  contaminating  the  tried  and  approved 
stocks,  which  had  long  and  eminently  distinguished  themselves 
for  their  feats  on  the  turf,  their  services  under  the  saddle,  and  as 
valuable  cavalry  horses  during  the  revolutionary  war." 

It  would  be  well  if  these  gentry  had  done  no  more  than  im- 
port worthless  stallions,  but  there  is  every  reason  to  believe  that 
they  commonly  manufactured  the  most  impudently  mendacious 
pedigrees  for  horses,  either  not  thoroughbred  at  all,  or  of  the 
most  ordinary  and  worthless  strains  of  blood.  So  obviously 
is  this  the  case,  that  in  going  over  Edgar's  list,  whenever  a  par- 
ticularly gorgeous  pedigree  occurs,  one  at  once  finds  on  refer- 
ence to  authorities,  that  the  horse  is  not  so  much  as  named,  nor 
any  dam  to  be  discovered,  which  coxxidj^robahly  haxQhoYWQh'nn 


503  THE   HORSE. 

in  tlie  English  stnd-books.  Thus  we  have  no  less  than  fourteen 
horses,  not  mentioned  in  any  l)ook  of  authority,  recorded  as  de- 
scended from  Greyhound,  Croft's  Partner,  Brimmer,  Makeless, 
Place's  White  Turk,  Dodworth,  Layton's  violet  Barb  mare,  and 
about  as  many  more,  with  the  variation  of  Dicky  Pearson,  son 
of  Dodworth,  and  Burton's  Bay  Barb  mare.  Lastly,  we 
have  one  horse,  got  by  the  Darley  Arabian,  dam  by  the  Byerly 
Turk — g.  d.  by  the  Lyster  Turk,  out  of  a  natural  Arab  mare. 
A  pedigree,  of  which  it  will  be  enough  to  say,  that  it  has 
scarcely  a  parallel,  if  it  have  a  parallel  in  the  world,  an  animal 
going  in  three  generations  without  a  single  English-bred  sire  to 
natural  Arab  on  both  sides,  at  so  recent  a  date  in  the  history  of 
the  turf,  as  1718. 

It  is  needless,  perhaps,  to  say,  that  there  is  not  the  smallest 
reason  to  believe  that  any  such  horses  as  any  of  the  above,  so 
bred,  and  so  imported,  ever  existed. 

Importers  of  thoroughbreds  at  this  period,  appear  to  have 
caught  up  the  above  pedigrees,  as  approved  ;  perhaps  ft-om  the 
instance  of  Morton's  Traveller,  who  did  run  back  directly  to  the 
strain  first  described  ;  and  to  have  applied  them  at  once  to  every 
animal  they  brought  to  the  country,  considering  it  sufficient  to 
guarantee  the  descent  by  their  own  signatures,  which  one  need 
not  state,  are  utterly  worthless,  except  as  waste  paper,  Avhen  not 
corroborated  by  real  evidence. 

On  consideration,  however,  I  judged  it  the  better  way  to  pre- 
serve, in  my  list  of  these  importations,  all  the  hypothetical  or 
apocryphal  horses  alluded  to  above  ;  annexing  to  their  names 
foot  notes  signed  with  my  own  initials,  explanatory  of  the  degree 
of  credit,  attaching  to  each  of  the  pedigrees  on  actual  evidence. 

Beside  this  class  of  animals,  which  may  be,  I  think  with  pro- 
priety wholly  set  aside,  so  far  as  the  idea  is  concerned  of  their 
having  transmitted,  to  the  American  racer  of  the  present  day,  any 
tincture  of  the  blood  ignorantly  or  fraudulently  ascribed  to  them, 
there  is  another  which  must  be  viewed  very  differently. 

This  class  consists  of  horses,  which  certainly  ^cere  imported  ; 
and  which  as  certainly  were  of  thorough  blood,  and  of  good 
thorough  blood  also  ;  but  in  whose  pedigree  by  accident,  negli- 
gence, or  want  of  consideration  for  the  value  of  accurate  details, 
a  link  or  two  have  been  lost.     Much  difficulty  has  ariseji  from 


BLOOD   OF   MAKES.  503- 

tlio  almost  total  neglect  of  the  pedigree  of  dams,  wliicli  are  those 
most  necessary  to  be  preserved ;  since  a  known  stallion's  pedi- 
gree is  always  at  once  traceable  ;  while  to  say  that  a  certain  mare 
is  by  Eclipse  out  of  a  Fox  mare,  or  a  Cub  mare,  or  any  other 
mare,  is  to  say  nothing.  Since,  for  aught  proved  by  that  show- 
ing, the  Fox  or  Cub  mare  in  question,  might  have  been  the 
daughter  of  a  Flander's  Cart  mare,  or  a  Cleveland  Bay  hunter 
of  the  old  school,  and  of  course,  utterly  worthless  as  a  dam  of 
racers. 

And  yet  such  was  to  so  great  a  degree  the  received  mode  of 
entering  blood  mares,  on  their  first  importations,  that  in  few  of 
the  most  celebrated  early  importations,  even  of  the  most  unde- 
niable blood  mares,  and  dams  of  our  most  distinguished  winners, 
can  their  pedigrees  be  established  beyond  the  possibility  of  a 
dispute. 

Such  is  the  case  of  Col.  Delancey's  Cub  mare,  of  the  Pot- 
Sos  mare,  dam  of  Miller's  Damsel,  and  grand  dam  of  American 
Eclipse,  and  of  many  others,  which  are  yet  beyond  the  possibil- 
ity of  a  doubt,  j)ure  thoroughbreds  ;  having  so  shown  them- 
selves by  the  transmission  of  their  qualities,  tlirongh  many  gene- 
rations of  racers  and  the  sires  and  dams  of  racers  ;  a  thino;  im- 
possible  for  chance  horses.* 

Much  irretrievable  confusion  has  arisen,  doubtless,  from 
names  having  been  given,  after  their  importation  hither,  to  colts 
and  fillies  unnamed  in  the  Stud  Books  ;  and  yet  more  from  the 
multiplication  of  the  same  names,  those  names  being  identical 
with  the  world-famous  title  of  some  English  sire. 

For  an  example  of  this  there  are  not  less  than  three  imported 
Eclipses,  one  of  which,  Harris's,  is  not  doubted  to  be  a  full- 
blooded  liorse,  a  racer  and  getter  of  racers  in  a  high  form,  whose 
blood  still  bears  repute  in  Virginia ;  and  not  one  of  the  three 
distinctly  referable  to  any  colt,  on  which  one  can  lay  his  finger 
in  the  Stud  Book.f 

In  the  same  way,  there  appear  to  have  been  two  Travellers, 
Moreton's  and  Strange's,  both  imported  ;  and  both  of  these 
have  been  referred  to  two  or  more  difiTerent  animals,  and  both 
trace,  as  a  matter  of  course,  to  Greyhound,  Makeless,  Brimmer, 
\Yhite  Turk,  Dodsworth,  Layton  Barb  mare.+ 

Still  it  is  probable,  I  should  ratlier  say  certain,  that  this,  in 
•   *  See  Note  *  p.  506.     f  Note  \  p.  506.     X  Note  %  P-  506.   • 


504  THE  H0E8E. 

the  case  of  Moreton's  Traveller,  is  the  real  pedigree ;  and  that 
he  was  the  bay  colt  got  by  Partner  out  of  Bay  Bloody  But- 
tocks, in  1745  '4G  or  '47,  own  brother  to  the  celebrated  Wid- 
dington  mare.  Bay  Bloody  Buttocks,  whose  dam  was  by  Grey- 
hound, &c.,  &c.,  as  above,  bore  colts  or  fillies  from  1733  to  '35 
inclusive  to  Partner,  in  1736  missed  to  Crab,  from  1737  to  '41 
colts  or  fillies  to  Partner  ;  in  '42  missed  to  Partner,  from  '43  to 
'47  inclusive,  first  a  filly  and  then  three  colts  to  Partner,  in  '48 
missed  to  Partner,  and  in  '49  bore  her  last  colt  to  Forester, 
Old  Traveller  of  the  Stud  Book  was  by  Partner,  dam  by  Al- 
manzor. 

Coatworth's  Traveller  never  came  to  America. 

And  Strange's  Traveller,  first  called  Charlemont,  then  Big 
Ben,  and  then  most  absurdly,  in  America,  Traveller,  was 
by  O'Kelly's  Eclipse  out  of  a  Herod  mare,  dam  by  Blank ; 
her  dam  by  Sni^)  out  of  Lady  Thigh,  who  was  daughter  of  Grey 
Bloody  Buttocks,  own  sister  to  Bay  Bloody  Buttocks,  dam  of 
Moreton's  Traveller. 

These  two  horses  do  really  trace  to  the  Greyhound,  &c.,  line 
alluded  to  above,  and  I  doubt  not  their  excellence  and  popular- 
ity, in  Virginia, were  the  cause  of  the  falsification  of  above  half 
a  score  of  pedigrees  into  the  like  form. 

This  is  a  matter  of  very  considerable  importance  to  the 
American  Turf ;  since  old,  or  Moreton's,  Traveller  got  Tryall 
and  Yorick  out  of  imported  Blazella,  Burwell's  Traveller  out  of 
a  Janus  or  Lycurgus  mare  ;  Lloyds'  Traveller  out  of  a  Jenny 
Cameron  mare,  Tristram  Shandy  out  of  a  Janus  mare,  Ariel  and 
Partner  out  of  Col.  Tasker's  Selima. 

It  is  remarkable  that  Mr.  Edgar  has  left,  in  his  invaluable 
Stud  Book,  the  pedigrees  of  these  two  Travellers  as  question- 
able. There  is,  however,  no  question  about  it ;  owing  to  the 
fortunate  fact  of  the  dam  of  the  one  and  the  great-great-grand- 
dam  of  the  other  being  named  mares.  Bay  Bloody  Buttocks, 
and  Lady  Thigh,  instead  of  merely  bay  filly  by  So  and  So ; 
which  leads  to  their  direct  identification,  without  the  possibility 
of  mistake. 

There  would  have  been  no  difliculty,  whatever,  but  for  the 
absurd  chopping  and  changing  of  names. 

There   were   already   three  Travellers,  in   England,    wheu 


THE   GREYHOUND   MAKES.  505 

Moreton's  bay  colt,  out  of  Bay  Bloody  Buttocks,  was  so  called  ; 
and  at  least  half  a  dozen  in  America,  when  Charlemont,  alias 
Ben,  the  great  g.  g.  g.  nephew  of  Bay  Bloody  Buttocks,  re- 
ceived a  third  alias  of  Traveller,  for  the  very  purpose  one  would 
say  of  breeding  confusion. 

I  have  taken  considerable  interest  in  these  quasi  Greyhound 
mare  j^edigrees,  and  have  traced  it  so  far  as  to  satisfy  myself 
that  at  least  two-thirds  of  tliera  are  direct  and  wilful  forgeries. 

It  appears  that  there  is  but  one  Greyhound  mare  of  suffi- 
cient note  to  be  named  in  the  books,  whose  dam  was  by  Make- 
less — viz..  Brown  Farewell.  She  had  five  fillies,  Baj'  and  Grey 
Bloody  Buttocks,  Little  Partner,  Red  Rose,  and  a  Bay  filly  g.  g. 
g.  dam  of  Enterprise.  All  the  daughters  of  the  two  Bloody 
Buttocks  mares  are  named  and  well  known.  Little  Partner  had 
but  one  filly,  Cat  by  Cade.  Red  Rose*  had  fillies  by  Lesang, 
Syphon,  Matchem,  Alfred  and  Magnet,  and  the  Bay  filly,  it 
would  seem,  but  one  by  the  Bolton  Starling.  So  that  all  the 
pedigrees  which  run  to  tliis  strain  must  necessarily  be  false,  un- 
less Greyhound  be  preceded  by  Bloody  Buttocks  or  Partner, 
and  these  again  by  one  of  the  following,  viz.,  by  Partner,  For- 
ester, Cade,  Lesang,  Syphon,  Matchem,  Alfred,  Magnet  or 
Starling. 

AYithout  pursuing  this  farther,  I  would  observe  that  it  is  very 
far  from  being  my  wish  or  object  to  throw  doubts  on  established 
pedigrees,  or  to  endeavor  to  vitiate,  in  public  opinion,  strains  of 
blood,  which  have  been  admitted  to  pass  muster. 

It  is  my  object,  on  the  contrarj^,  to  verify,  not  to  vitiate  ;  and 
1  am  far,  indeed,  from  joining  in  the  absurd  outcry,  that  every 
horse  is  necessarily  coarse-bred  or  cold-blooded,  because  he  can- 
not be  ^?'oyg^,  directly,  to  be  purebred.  I  perceive  that  the 
circumstances  of  the  country,  at  the  time  wlien  importation  be- 
gan, the  great  laxity  in  keeping  proper  registers,  and  the  fatal 
facility  of  forgery,  have  rendered  it  almost  impossible  that  it 
should  be  otherwise. 

I  maintain  that  where  there  has  been  a  chance  horse,  him 
self  a  good  racer,  he  has  invariably  failed  and  must  of  necessity 
fail  as  a  getter  of  runners  in  the  first  or  second  generation  of 
his  stock,  as  was  notoriously  the  case  with  Potomac,  and  other 
horses,  which  might  be  named.  ■{■ 

*  See  Note  §  on  p.  506-     f  See  Note  J  on  p.  506- 


506  THE   HOKSE. 

I  allow,  on  the  other  hand,  that  where  we  have  so  deficient 
a  pedigree  of  a  horse  as  one  which  only  informs  that  he  was  a 
son,  a  grandson,  or  a  great-grandson  of  an  imported  Cub  mare, 
or  PotSos  mare,  or  any  other  mare — though,  nnqnestionably,  I 
should  hesitate  very  long  before  putting  a  mare  to  a  horse  so 
descended,  until  I  had  seen  the  stock  of  the  collateral  branches, 
and  his  own  stock,  thoroughly  tested — and  yet  see  him  and  all 
his  brothers  and  sisters,  and  his  own  stock  and  the  collateral 
stock  all  distinguishing  itself,  generation  after  generation,  it  is 
worse  than  idle  to  question  the  pedigree  or  blood  of  such  an 
animal. 

I  now  come  to  the  importation  of  mares,  and  here  I  regret 
to  say  that  the  difSculty  is  infinitely  greater  than  it  lias  been, 
even,  with  the  horses. 

Mr.  Edgar,  not  finding,  as  I  nnderstand,  his  labors  suffi- 
ciently remunerated  in  the  sales  of  the  first  volume  of  his  Stud- 
Book,  left  it  incomplete,  without  entering  at  all  upon  tlie  mares, 
whether  native  or  imported ;  so  that  there  is  scarcely  any  start- 
ing point,  beyond  scattered  notices,  with  tlie  exception  of  the 
alphabetical  list  in  JMason's  Farrier,  of  which  J  have  largely  and 
thankfully  availed  myself. 

Tlie  early  importations  of  mares,  even  tlie  most  famous,  are 
far  more  loosely  recorded  than  the  stallions,  though  for  what 
reason  it  is  impossible  to  conjecture ;  and  all  that  it  is  in  my 
power  to  do  is  to  submit  as  perfect  a  list  as  I  can  command, 
and  to  ask  pardon  for  necessary  and  unavoidable  imperfections. 


EDITORIAL   NOTES. 

*  (P.  503.)  Col.  Delar.cey's  Cub  mare  and  the  PotSos  mare,  imported  by  William 
Constable,  of  Xew  York,  can  both  be  found  in  the  English  Stud-Book,  and  traced 
bej'ond  the  possibility  of  a  doubt. 

f  (P.  503.)  Both  the  Eclipse's  are  referable  in  the  Stud-Book. 

X  (P.  503.)  Both  Traveller's  can  be  found  in  the  English  Stud-Book. 

§  (P.  505.)  There  are  three  mares  by  the  name  of  Red  Rose.  The  one  men- 
tioned above  by  Partner,  dam  by  Greyhound,  out  of  Old  Farewell,  never  had  foals 
by  the  horses  named.  She  had  three  foals  by  Forester,  one  by  Starling,  three  by 
Cade,  and  two  by  Regulus.  Herbert  must  have  confounded  Red  Rose,  by  Babra- 
ham,  for  Red  Rose,  by  Partner.  Red  Rose,  by  Babraham,  had  fillies  by  Le  Saug, 
Syphon,  Matchem,  Alfred,  and  Magnet. 

II  (P.  505.)  Potomac's  pedigree  has  since  been  cleared  up  satisfactorily. 


LIST    OF    STALLIONS 


IMPORTED  FROM  ENGLAND, 


FROM  BEFORE  THE  REVOLUTION  TO  THE  PRESENT  DAY. 


EXPLANATION  OF  TERMS  USED  IN  ABBREVIATION. 


Am.  for  American. 

B.  or  b.  for  bay. 

Bl.  or  bl.  for  black. 

Br.  or  br.  for  brown. 

B.  C.  or  b.  c.  for  bay  colt. 

B.  F.  orb.  f.  for  bay  filly. 

B.  M.  or  b.  m.  for  bay  mare. 

cr.  for  cream  color. 

c.  for  colt. 

ch.  for  chestnut,  or  any  shade  of  eorrel. 

ch.  c.  for  chestnut  colt. 


ch.  f.  for  chestnut  filly, 
ch.  m.  for  chestnut  mare. 
D.  or  d.  for  dun. 
Eng.  for  English. 
G.,  g.  or  gr.  for  grey  or  gray. 
Gl.  or  gl.  for  gelding. 
H.  or  h.  for  horse. 
Imp.  or  imp.  for  imported. 
Ro.,  ro.  or  r.  for  roan. 

Cook's  and  Blackburn's  Whip  are  one  and  the 
same  horse. 


Abjer,  br.  c,  foaled  1817,  by  Old  Truffle,  bred  by  Mr.  Udney,  im- 
ported by  James  Jackson,  of  Alabama,  into  New  York,  and 
killed  there  in  1828.  1st  dam  Briesis  by  Beningbrough ;  2d 
dam  Lady  Jane  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  3d  dam  Paulina  by  Flori- 
zel;  4th  dam  Captive  by  Matchem;  Sth  dam  Calliope  by 
Slouch ;  6th  dam  (Atlanta's  dam)  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroo- 
noko ;  7th  dam  by  Traveler ;  8th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young 
Greyhound;  9th  dam  by  Partner;  10th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam 
by  Woodcock;  11th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb;  12th  dam  by 
Makeless  (Desdemona  dam) ;  13th  dam  by  Brimmer;  14th  dam 
by  Dickey  Pearson ;  15th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Admiral,  brother  to  Diomed,  b.  c,  foaled  1779,  by  Florizel,  bred  by 
Sir  Thomas  Dundas.  1st  dam  Sister  to  Juno  by  Spectator; 
2d  dam  sister  to  Horatius  by  Blank ;  3d  dam  by  Childers ;  4th 
dam  Miss  Belvoir  by  Grey  Grantham;  5th  dam  by  Paget  Turk ; 
6th  dam  Betty  Percival  by  Leede's  Arabian;  7th  dam  by 
Spanker. 


508  THE    HORSE. 

Admiral  Nelson",  br.  c,  foaled  1805,  by  John  Bull,  bred  by  Lord 
Grosvenor,  and  imported  into  Virginia  by  William  Lightfoot, 
of  Sandy  Point.  1st  dam  Olivia  by  Justice ;  2d  dam  Cypher 
by  Squirrel ;  3d  dam  Fribble's  dam  by  Eegulus ;  4th  dam  by 
Bartlett's  Childers;  5th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian;  6th 
dam  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

AiNDERBY,  ch.  c,  foaled  1832,  by  Velocipede,  bred  by  Capt.  Taylor, 

and  imported  into  Tennessee  by  .     1st  dam  Kate  by 

Catton ;  2d  dam  Miss  Garforth  by  Walton ;  3d  dam  by  Hya- 
cinthus ;  4th  dam  Zara  by  Delpini ;  5th  dam  Flora  by  King 
Fergus ;  6th  dam  Atalanta  by  Matchem ;  7th  dam  Lass  of  the 
Mill  by  Oroonoko;  8tli  dam  by  Old  Traveler;  9th  dam  Miss 
Makeless  by  Young  Greyhound ;  10th  dam  by  old  Partner ; 
11th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam  by  Woodcock ;  12th  dam  by  Croft's 
Bay  Barb ;  13th  dam  Desdemona's  dam  by  Makeless ;  14tli  dam 
by  Brimmer;  15tli  dam  by  Dicky  Pierson ;  16th  dam  Burton 
Barb  mare. 

Albioist,  bl.  c,  foaled  1837,  by  Cain  or  Actaeon,  bred  by  Mr.  E. 
Peek  1st  dam  Panthea  by  Comus  or  Blacklock;  2d  dam  Mau- 
uella  by  Dick  Andrews ;  3d  dam  Mandane  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4th 
dam  Young  Camilla,  sister  to  Colibri  by  Woodpecker ;  5th  dam 
Camilla  by  Trentham;  6th  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton 
Barb ;  7th  dam  sister  to  Eegulus  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian ; 
8tli  dam  Grey  Robinson  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  9th  dam  by 
Snake ;  10th  dam  Old  Wilkes  by  Old  Hautboy. 

Aldermais",  b.  c,  foaled  1787,  by  Pot-8-o's,  bred  by  Mr.  Burton, 
and  imported  into  Richmond,  Va.,  by  John  Banks.  1st  dam 
Lady  Bolingbroke  by  Squirrel ;  2d  dam  Cyi^ron  (King  Herod's 
dam)  by  Blaze  ;  3d  dam  Selima  by  Bethel's  Arabian ;  4th  dam 
by  Graham's  Champion;  5th  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian:  6th 
dam  by  Merlin. 

Alexander,  imported  into  New  York,  1797.  By  Champion.  1st 
dam  Duke  of  Rutland's  Countess  by  the  Northumberland  Ara- 
bian, said  to  have  been  17  hands  high.  We  can  find  no  such 
horse  as  Alexander  by  Champion,  and  no  such  mare  as  Countess 
by  Northumberland  Arabian.  We  presume  it  is  a  spurious 
pedigree. 

Alexander  (Smalley's),  bred  by  Sir  William  Watkin  Wynne,  Bart, 
and  imported  into  Virginia  by  William  Smalley,  Esq.  By 
Alexander  (son  of  O'Kelly's  Eclipse) ;  1st  dam  Sweet  Briar  by 


LIST  OF  IMPORTED  STALLI02<rS.  509 

King  Herod;  2d  dam  Monimia's  dam  by  Alcides;  3d  dam 
by  Crab ;  4tli  dam  Snap's  dam  by  Fox ;  5tli  dam  Gipsey 
by  Bay  Bolton ;  6th  dam  by  Duke  of  Newcastle's  Turk ;  7th 
dam  by  Byerly  Turk ;  8tli  dam  by  Taffolet  Barb ;  9tli  dam  by 
Place's  White  Turk ;  10th  dam  Natural  Barb  Mare. 

All-foues,  ch.  c,  foaled  1772,  by  All-fours,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor, 
imported  into  New  York  or  Connecticut.  1st  dam  by  Blank; 
2d  dam  Bay  Starling  by  Bolton  Starling ;  3d  dam  Miss  Meynell 
by  Partner;  4th  dam  by  Greyhound;  5tli  dam  by  Curwen  Bay 
Barb ;  6th  dam  Lord  D'Arcy's  Arabian ;  7th  dam  by  White- 
shirt  ;  8th  dam  Old  Montague  Mare. 

Ambassador,  ch.  c,  foaled  1839,  imported  iu  his  mother's  belly,  by 
L.  J.  Polk,  Esq.,  Tenn.  By  Eng.  Plenipotentiary,  dam  imported 
Jenny  Mills  by  Whisker  (which  see.) 

Ambassador,  b.  c,  foaled  1836  by  Emilius,  bred  by  Mr.  Tattersall, 
and  imported  into  America  with  his  dam.  1st  dam  imp.  Trapes 
(late  Speck)  by  Tramp ;  2d  dam  Eemembrance  by  Sir  Solo- 
mon ;  3d  dam  Queen  Mab  by  Eclipse ;  4tli  dam  by  Tartar ;  5th 
dam  by  Mogul ;  6th  dam  by  Sweepstakes ;  7th  dam  sister  to 
Storm  by  Bay  Bolton;  8th  dam  by  Curwen  Bay  Barb;  9tli 
dam  by  Old  Spot ;  10th  dam  by  AVhite-legged  Lowther  Barb. 

Americus,  br.  c,  foaled  1755,  by  Babraham,  bred  by  Mr.  Aldridge, 
the  property  of  Mr.  Maclin,  in  America.  1st  dam  Creeping 
Molly  by  Second ;  2d  dam  by  Gen.  Evans'  Arabian ;  3d  dam 
by  Cartouch. 

Anfield,  b.  c,  foaled  1860,  bred  by  Mr.  M.  Hewetson,  imported  into 
Nova  Scotia  1865.  By  The  Confessor.  1st  dam  Eugenia  by 
Barbarian  dam  Allegretta  by  St.  Luke;  2d  dam  Alba  by 
Dandy;  3d  dam  Beresina  by  Smolensko ;  4th  dam  Mayflower 
by  Sir  Peter ;  5tli  dam  Miss  Brim  by  Highflyer ;  6tli  dam  Brim 
by  Squirrel ;  7th  dam  Helen  by  Blank  ;  8th  dam  by  Crab ;  9  th 
dam  sister  to  Partner  by  Jigg ;  10th  dam  sister  to  Mixbury. 

Antaeus,  h.,  bred  by  John  Ward,  Esq.,  Kent,  Eng.,  imported  into 
South  Carolina.  By  Spectator;  balance  of  pedigree  unknown. 
He  stood  at  Jacksonborough,  1771. 

Antonio,  b.  c,  foaled  1856  by  Bay  Middleton,  bred  by  Mr.  W.  Et- 
wall,  imported  by  Geo.  W.  Morton,  Toronto,  Canada,  in  1860. 
1st  dam  sister  to  Aegis  by  Defence ;  2d  dam  Soldier's  Joy  by  the 
Colonel ;  3d  dam  Galatea  by  Amadis ;  4th  dam  Paulina  by  Sir 
Peter ;  5th  dam  Pewett  by  Tandem ;  6th  dam  Termagant  by 


510  THE    HORSE. 

Tantrum ;  7tli  dam  Cantatrice  by  Sampson  ;  8th  dam  by  Eeg- 
nlus;  9th  dam  Marske  dam  by  Blacklegs;  10th  dam  by  Bay 
Bolton;  11th  dam  by  Fox  Cub;  12th  dam  by  Coneyskins; 
13th  dam  by  Button's  Grey  Barb ;  14th  dam  by  Hutton's 
Eoyal  Colt;  15tli  dam  by  Byerly  Turk;  IGtIi  dam  by  Bustler. 

Appaeition,  br.  c,  foaled  in  1827  by  Spectre,  bred  by  Lord  Grosve- 
nor,  and  imported  into  New  York  in  ship  Hamilton,  by  Cap- 
tain Bunker ;  sent  over  by  Thomas  Connah,  Liverpool.  The 
pedigree  was  sworn  to  by  the  breeder,  and  certified  by  the 
American  Consul  at  Livei-pool.  We  state  here  that  the  Thun- 
derbolt mare's  produce  is  not  set  down  in  Stud  Book.  The 
balance  of  the  pedigree  is ;  but  we  do  not  doubt  the  facts  stated 
above.  1st  dam  Young  Cranberry  by  Thunderbolt;  2d  dam 
Cranberry  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  3d  dam  Nannette  by  John 
Bull;  4th  dam  Nimble  by  Florizel;  5tli  dam  Eantipole  by 
Blank;  6th  dam  Joan  (sister  to  Careless  by  Regulus);  7th 
dam  Silvertail  by  Heneage  Whitenose;  8th  dam  by  Rattle; 
9th  dam  by  Barley's  Arabian ;  10th  dam  Old  Child  mare  by 
Sir  T.  Gresley's  bay  Arabian;  11th  dam  Mr.  Cooke's  Vixen  by 
the  Helmsley  Turk. 

Aechduke,  br.  c,  foaled  1796,  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  bred  by  Sir  F. 
Standish,  imported  into  Virginia  by  Col.  John  Hoomes,  in 
1803.  1st  dam  Horatia  by  Eclipse;  2d  dam  Countess  by 
Blank;  3d  dam  by  Eib;  4tli  dam  by  Wynn  Arabian;  5th  dam 
by  Governor;  6th  dam  by  Alcock  Arabian;  7th  dam  by  Grass- 
hopper ;  8th  dam  Sister  to  Gentleman's  dam. 

Archer,  br.  c,  foaled  1790,  by  Faggergill,  bred  by  Mr.  Broadhurst, 
imported  into  Virginia  by  Mr.  Eives  in  1802.  1st  dam  sister 
to  Croesus  by  Eclipse  ;  2d  dam  by  Young  Cade ;  3d  dam  Miss 
Thigh  by  Eib ;  4th  (Grieswood's)  Lady  Thigh  by  Partner;  5th 
dam  by  Greyhound ;  6th  dam  Sophonisba's  dam  by  Curwen 
bay  barb ;  7th  dam  by  D'Arcy's  Chestnut  Arabian ;  8th  dam 
by  Whiteshirt ;  9th  dam  Old  Montague  mare. 

Archibald,  b.  c,  foaled  1801,  by  Walnut,  bred  by  Duke  of  Hamil- 
ton, imported  by  William  Smalley,  into  Virginia.  1st  dam 
Jardin  by  Javelin ;  2d  dam  Young  Flora  by  Highflyer  (sister 
to  Spadille) ;  3d  dam  Flora  by  Squirrel;  4th  dam  Angelica  by 
Snap ;  5th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  6th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers  ; 
7th  dam  Iloneywood's  Arabian ;  8th  dam  of  the  True  Blues. 

Aristotle,  br.  c,  foaled  1755,  by  Cullen  Arabian,  bred  by  Bladen, 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    STALLIONS.  511 

and  imported  into  Virginia  about  the  year  17G4.  For  follow- 
ing pedigree  see  English  Kacing  Calendar  for  1760.  He  was  a 
horse  of  some  note  on  the  turf.  Died  in  Virginia,  1776,  aged 
21.  1st  dam  by  Old  Crab  ;  2d  dam  by  Hobgoblin ;  3d  dam  by 
Godolphin  Arabian ;  4th  dam  Cream  Cheeks  by  Old  Spanker ; 
5th  dam  by  Old  Hautboy. 

Aeea  Kooker,  br.  c,  foaled  1789,  by  Drone,  bred  by  Mr.  Dods- 
worth,  imported  by  Dr.  James  Tate,  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  1st 
dam  by  Chatsworth ;  2d  dam  by  Engineer ;  3d  dam  by  Wilson's 
Arabian;  4tli  dam  by  Hutton's  Spot;  5th  dam  by  Mogul;  6th 
dam  by  Crab ;  7th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  8th  dam  by  Curwen 
Barb;  9th  dam  by  Spot;  10th  dam  by  Whitelegged  Lowther 
Barb ;  11th  dam  Vintner  mare. 

Atlantic,  b.  c,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  His  Majesty,  imported  by 
Com.  E.  F.  Stockton,  N.  J.  By  Actaeon ;  1st  dam  Miss  Cra- 
ven by  Mr.  Lowe;  2d  dam  by  Soothsayer ;  3d  dam  by  Buzzard; 
4th  dam  sister  to  Bangtail  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  Catharine 
by  Young  Marske ;  6th  dam  Gentle  Kitty  by  Silvio ;  7tli  dam 
by  Dorimond ;  8th  dam  Portia  by  Eegulus ;  9th  dam  by  Hut- 
ton's  Spot;  10th  dam  by  Fox  Cub;  11th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton. 

Australian,  a  rich  cliestnut,  with  black  legs,  16  hands  high,  bred 
in  1858,  and  imported  by  A.  Keene  Eichards,  Esq.,  of  Scott 
county,  Ky.  Owned  by  A.  J.  Alexander,  Esq.,  Kentucky.  By 
West  Australian ;  1st  dam  Emilia  by  Young  Emilius ;  2d  dam 
Persian  by  Whisker;  3d  dam  Variety  by  Selim;  4th  dam 
Sprite  by  Bobtail;  5tli  dam  Catharine  by  Woodpecker.  Cath- 
arine was  the  dam  of  Golumpus,  the  sire  of  Catton,  that  sired 
Trustee,  and  Gallopade,  the  dam  of  Eeel,  the  dam  of  Lecomte, 
Prioress  and  Starke ;  6th  dam  Camilla  by  Trentham :  7tli  dam 
Coquette  by  Compton  Barb ;  8th  dam  sister  to  Eegulus  by  Go- 
dolphin  Arabian ;  9tli  dam  Grey  Eobinson  by  the  Bald  Gallo- 
way; lOtli  dam  by  Snake,  son  of  Lister  Turk;  11th  dam  Old 
Wilkes  by  Old  Hautboy ;  12tli  dam  Miss  D'Arcy's  Pet  marc ; 
13th  dam  a  Eoyal  mare. 

Autocrat,  g.  c,  foaled  1822,  by  Grand  Duke,  bred  by  Lord  Derby, 
imported  into  New  York  in  1831,  by  William  Jackson,  Esq.,  of 
Tennessee.  1st  dam  Olivetta  by  Sir  Oliver;  2d  dam  Scotina 
by  Delpini ;  3d  dam  Scota  by  Eclipse  ;  4th  dam  Harmony  by 
Herod;  5th  dam  Eutilia  (sister  to  dam  of  Highflyer  and  Mark 
Antony)  by  Blank ;  6th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  7th  dam  by  Sore- 


512  THE    HOESE. 

heels ;  8th  dam  by  Makeless ;  9th  dam  Christopher  D'Arcy's 
Eoyal  mare. 

Atsgaeth,  b.  c,  foaled  1856,  bred  by  Mr.  Eidley,  purchased  by  Mr. 
E.  Wardle  for  Gen.  S.  E.  Garth,  of  South  Carolina.  By  Barn- 
ton  ;  1st  dam  by  Inheritor;  2d  dam  Gin  by  Juniper;  3d  dam 
Princess  Jemima  by  Eemembrancer ;  4th  dam  by  Ormond ;  5th 
dam  by  Anvil ;  6tli  dam  Queen  Mab  by  Eclipse ;  7th  dam  by 
Tartar ;  8tli  dam  by  Mogul ;  9th  dam  by  Sweepstakes ;  lOtli 
dam  {sister  to  Sloven)  by  Bay  Bolton ;  11th  dam  by  Curwen 
Bay  Barb ;  12th  dam  by  Old  Spot ;  13th  dam  by  White-legged 
Lowther  Barb ;  14th  dam  Vintner  mare. 

Babeaham,  b.  c,  foaled  about  1759,  by  Fearnought.  We  cannot 
find  this  horse.  He  stood  in  Virginia  in  1765,  owned  by  Wil- 
liam and  George  Evans.  1st  dam  Silver  (imported  by  Captain 
William  Evans)  by  Belsize  Arabian. 

Babeaham,  b.  c,  foaled  in  1775,  by  Wildair,  in  English  Stud  Book, 
Mr.  Bacon's  Sir  Harry,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Kaye,  Stood  in  Vir- 
ginia in  1783,  by  Augustine  Willis.  1st  dam  by  Babraham ; 
2d  dam  by  Sloe ;  3d  dam  Coughing  Polly  by  Bartlett's  Chil- 
ders;  4th  dam  by  Counsellor;  5th  dam  by  Snake;  6th  dam 
by  Luggs ;  7th  dam  by  Davill's  Old  Woodcock. 

Babeaham,  b.  c,  foaled  about  1760,  imported  into  South  Carolina, 
and  stood  at  Mr.  Arthur  Middleton's  on  Ashley  river.  By  Ba- 
braham; 1st  dam  by  Second;  2d  dam  by  Starling;  3d  dam  by 
Greyhound;  4th  dam  by  Soreheels;  5th  dam  Miss  D'Arcy's 
Pet  mare. 

Badgee,  g.  c,  imported  by  Governor  Eden,  of  Maryland,  previous 
to  the  Eevolutionary  War ;  by  Lord  Chedworth's  Bosphorus. 
We  cannot  find  this  horse.  1st  dam  by  Black-and-all-Black ; 
2d  dam  by  Devonshire  or  Elying  Childers. 

Bajazet,  br.  c,  foaled  1754,  by  Bajazet,  owned  by .     1st  dam 

by  Old  Crab ;  2d  dam  by  Hobgoblin,  3d  dam  by  Whitefoot ; 
4th  dam  Moonah  Barb  mare. 

Baleowkie,  b.  c,  foaled  1850,  by  Annandale,  bred  by  Mr.  W. 
I'Anson,  and  imported  by  Capt.  Cornish,  the  property  of  James 
Watson,  of  New  York.  Died  1866.  1st  dam  Queen  Mary 
(Blink  Bonny's  dam)  by  Gladiator ;  2d  dam  by  Plenipotentiary; 
3d  dam  Myrrha  by  Whalebone ;  4th  dam  Gift  by  Young 
Gohanna;  5tli  dam  sister  to  Grazier  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle; 
6th  dam  sister  to  Aimator  by  Trumpator ;  7th  dam  by  Herod ; 


LIST   OF   IMPOETED   STALLIONS.  513" 

8th  dam  by  Snap  ;  Gtli  dam  by  Gower  stallion  ;  10th  dam  by 
Childers. 

Baeefoot,  ch.  c,  foaled  1820,  by  Tramp,  bred  by  Mr.  Watt,  sent  to 
America  by  Admiral  Sir  Isaac  Coffin  of  the  British  navy  in 
1828,  landed  in  Massachusetts.  Died  fall  1840.  1st  dam  Kosa- 
moud,  by  Buzzard ;  2d  dam  Eoseberry,  sister  to  Hnby,  by 
Phenomenon ;  3d  dam  Miss  West,  by  Matchem ;  4th  dam  by 
Eegulus ;  5th  dam  by  Crab ,  Gth  dam  by  Childers ;  7tli  dam 
by  Basto. 

Baeo^^et,  b.  c,  foaled  1785,  by  Vertumnns,  bred  by  Sir  W.  Vava- 
sour, imported  into  New  York.  1st  dam  Penultima  by  Snap ; 
2d  dam  sister  to  Nabob  by  Cade ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Drudge  by 
Crab ;  4th  dam  sister  to  Blaze  by  Childers ;  5th  dam  Con- 
federate filly  by  Grey  Grantham ;  Gth  dam  by  Duke  of  Rut- 
land's Black  Barb  ;  7th  dam  by  Bright's  Eoau. 

Bashaw,  b.  c,  foaled  1768  by  Wildair,  bred  by  James  De  Lancey  of 
'New  York.  1st  dam  by  Cub  (imported) ;  2d  dam  by  Second ; 
3d  dam  by  Starling ;  4th  dam  sister  to  Vane's  Little  Partner 
by  Partner ;  5th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  Gth  dam  by  Makeless ; 
7th  dam  by  Brimmer;  8th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk; 
9th  dam  by  Dodsworth ;  10th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Batchelor,  also  called  Jack  the  Batchelor,  foaled  1753,  by  Blaze, 
bred  by  Mr.  Thompson,  and  imported  into  this  country  in 
1762,  under  the  above  name,  owned  by  James  Gibson  of  Vir- 
ginia, 1764.  We  cannot  find  this  horse.  This  horse  is  in  the 
list  of  studs  for  1762.  See  English  Pacing  Calendar.  1st  dam 
by  Gallant ;  2d  dam  by  Smiling  Tom. 

Bat  BoLTOi!^,  b.  c,  by  Old  Bay  Bolton  (in  England).  Cannot  find 
this  horse.     1st  dam  imp.  Blossom  by  Sloe ;  2d  dam  by  Eegulus. 

Bay  Colt  (afterward  called  Hamilton),  foaled  1793,  by  Higliflyer; 
bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor,  imported  by  Mr.  Barksdalc,  of  Lon- 
don, for  James  Strange,  Esq.,  of  Manchester,  Va.  1st  dam  by 
Eclipse ;  2d  dam  Vauxhall  Snap's  dam  by  Young  Cade ;  3d  dam 
by  Bolton  Little  John  ;  4th  dam  Mr.  Durham's  Favorite,  by  a 
son  of  Bald  Galloway ;  5th  dam  of  Lord  Portmore's  Daffodil, 
by  a  foreign  horse  of  Sir  T.  Gascoigne. 

Bat  Richmond,  b.  c,  foaled  1769,  bred  by  Sir  L.  Dundas.  This 
horse  was  first  imported  into  Jamaica,  where  he  ran  in  the  name 
of  Sarpedon.  By  Feather;  1st  dam  Matron  by  CuUen  Ara- 
bian ;  2d  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  3d  dam  Warlock  Gallo- 
VoL.  I.— 33 


514  THE  HORSE. 

way  by  Snako ;  4th  dam  sister  to  the  Carlisle  gelding  by  the 
Bald  Galloway ;  5tli  dam  Wharton  mare,  by  Lord  Carlisle's 
Turk  ;  6th  dam  by  Bald  Galloway ;  7th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk. 

Beau,  g.  c,  foaled ,  by  Cartouch,  owned  by  Mr.  Maguire  in  Ire- 
land. First  dam  Bretts  mare,  said  to  be  Greyhound.  See 
English  Eacing  Calendar  for  1754,  page  198.  This  horse  ran 
in  Ireland. 

Bedford,  b.  c,  foaled  1792,  by  Dungannon,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor, 
imported  by  Colonel  Hoomes,  of  Virginia.  1st  dam  Fau-y  by 
Highflyer ;  2d  dam  Fairy  Queen  by  Young  Cade ;  3d  dam 
Eouth's  Black  Eyes  by  Crab ;  4th  dam  AYarlock  Galloway  by 
Snake ;  5th  dam  sister  to  Carlisle  gelding  by  Bald  Galloway ; 
Gth  dam  Wharton  mare  by  Lord  Carlisle's  Turk ;  7th  dam  by 
Bald  Galloway  ;  8th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk. 

Belshazzar,  ch.  c,  foaled  1830,  by  Blacklock,  bred  by  Mr.  Watt, 
and  imported  1838  by  Thomas  Flintofij  of  Tennessee.  1st  dam 
Manuella  by  Dick  AndreAvs ;  2d  dam  Mandane  by  Pot-8-o's ; 
3d  dam  Young  Camilla  by  WoodjDecker;  4th  dam  Camilla  by 
Trentham ;  5th  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton  Barb ;  Gth  dam 
sister  to  Eegulus  by  Godolphin  Arabian  ;  7th  dam  Grey  Eobin- 
son  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  8th  dam  by  Old  Snake ;  9th  dam 
Old  Wilkes  by  Old  Hautboy. 

Bergamotte,  b.  c,  foaled  1788,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  Lord  Cler- 
mont. 1st  dam  Priestess  by  Matchem;  2d  dam  by  Gower 
stallion ;  3d  dam  by  Eegulus ;  4tli  dam  by  Hip ;  5th  dam 
Large  Hartley  mare  by  Mr.  Hartley's  blind  horse :  Gth  dam 
Flying  Whig,  by  Williams'  Yf  oodstock  Arabian  ;  7th  dam  by 
St.  Victor  Barb ;  8th  dam  by  Why-not  (son  of  the  Fenwick 
Barb) ;  9tli  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Billet,  br.  c,  foaled  1865,  bred  by  Mr.  James  Smith,  imported  in 
Illinois  by  S.  Powers.  By  Voltigeur.  1st  dam  Calcutta  by 
Flatcatcher ;  2d  dam  Miss  Martin  by  St.  Martin ;  3d  dam  » 
Wagtail  by  Whisker ;  4th  dam  by  Sorcerer ;  5  th  dam  by  Sir 
Soloman ;  Gth  dam  by  Young  Marske ;  7th  dam  by  PhoBnome- 
non :  8th  dam  Calliope  by  Slouch  ;  9th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill 
by  Oronooka ;  10th  dam  by  Traveler ;  11th  dam  Miss  Makeless 
by  Young  Greyhound;  12th  dam  by  Partner;  13th  dam  by 
Woodcock  ;  14th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ;  15th  dam  by  Make- 
less  ;  16th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  17th  dam  Dicky  Pierson ;  18th 
dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 


LIST  OF  IMPORTED   STALLIONS.  515 

Black  Prince,  bl.  c,  foaled  17G0,  by  Babraham,  bred  by  Mr. 
Bethell,  imported  into  the  State  of  New  York  by  Mr.  Aaron 
Ramsey.  1st  dam  Riot  by  Regulns  ;  2d  dam  by  Blaze ;  3d  dam 
by  Fox ;  4th  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian ;  5th  dam,  dam  of 
Woodcock  and  Castaway  by  a  son  of  Brimmer ;  6th  dam  by 
Chesterfield's  Arabian ;  7th  dam  by  Hatton  Barb  mare  dar 
of  Grisewood's  Partner. 

Blaze,  imported  into  Virginia  in  1794,  by  Hugh  Nelson.  By  Blaze 
We  cannot  find  this  horse.  Blaze  is  also  said  to  be  by  Vandal. 
There  were  two  Vandals  in  England,  one  by  Skyscraper,  foaled 
1796  ;  the  other  in  1801  by  John  Bull.  Neither  could  be  his 
sire.  1st  dam  by  Truncheon  ;  2d  dam  by  Regulus  ;  3d  dam  by 
Eastby  Snake ;  4th  dam  by  Croft's  Partner ;  5th  dam  by  Egyp- 
tian ;  6th  dam  by  Grey  Woodstock. 

Blenkiron,  br.  c,  foaled  1869,  bred  by  Mr.  Blenkiron,  imported 
by  Mr.  D.  D.  WitherS;,  New  York.  By  Saunterer.  1st  dam 
Eeodorowna  by  Kingston ;  2d  dam  Empress  by  Emilius ;  3d 
dam  Mangel  Wurzel  by  Merlin ;  4tli  dam  Morel  by  Sorcerer ; 
5th  dam  Hornby  Lass  by  Buzzard ;  6tli  dam  Puzzle  by  Match- 
em  ;  7th  dam  Princess  by  Herod ;  8th  dam  Julia  by  Blank ; 
9th  dam  Spectator's  dam  by  Partner ;  10th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ; 
11th  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian  ;  12th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk ; 
13th  dam  by  Taffolet  Barb ;  14th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk  ; 
15th  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Blossom,  gr.  c,  foaled  1793,  by  Bordeaux,  bred  by  Mr.  Vernon. 
1st  dam  Sister  Lambinos  by  Highflyer ;  2d  dam  by  Eclipse ; 
3d  dam  Vauxhall's  dam  by  Young  Cade ;  4th  dam  by  the  Bol- 
ton Little  John  ;  5th  dam  Mr.  Durham's  Favorite  by  a  son  of 
the  Bald  Galloway ;  6th  dam  the  dam  of  Lord  Portmore's 
Daffodil  by  a  foreign  horse  of  Sir  T.  Gascoigne's. 

Bluster,  br.  c,  foaled  1808,  by  Orlando,  bred  by  Mr.  Forrest,  and 
imported  into  Virginia  abont  the  year  1816,  by  Mr.  Dunlop  of 
London.  Stood  near  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  1825.  The  Pegasus 
Mare  was  bred  by  Mr.  Broadhurst,  in  1799,  out  of  one  of  his 
Highflyer  mares,  and  sold  when  a  foal  or  yearling  to  Colonel 
Thornton  with  several  others  answering  that  description.  Mr. 
Forrest  supposed  it  to  be  one  out  of  Diddler's  dam.  Died  in  Ten- 
nessee, 1828,  aged  20.  1st  dam  by  Pegasus  (Bay) ;  2d  dam  by 
Highflyer  (dam  of  Diddler) ;  3d  dam  by  Goldfinder ;  4th  dam 
Lady  Bolingbroke  by  Squirrel ;  5th  dam  Cypron  (Herod's  dam) 


516  THE  HOKSE. 

by  Blaze ;  Ctli  dam  Selima  by  Bethell's  Arabian;  7th  dam  by 
Graham's  Champion ;  8th  dam  by  Parley's  Arabian ;  9th  dam 
by  Merlin. 

BoASTEK,  br.  c,  foaled  1795,  by  Dimgannou,  bred  by  Mr.  Golding, 
imported  into  Virginia  in  the  fall  of  1811,  by  Mr.  Bell.  Died 
in  Tennessee,  1819,  aged  24.  1st  dam  by  Justice ;  2d  dam 
Marianne  by  Squirrel ;  3d  dam  Miss  Meredith  by  Cade ;  4th 
dam  Little  Hartley  ]\Iare  by  Bartlett's  Childers  ;  5th  dam  Fly- 
ing Whig  by  Williams'  Woodstock  Arabian  ;  6th  dam  by  the 
St.  Victor  Barb ;  7th  dam  by  Why-not  (son  of  the  Fenwick 
Barb) ;  8th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Bolton,  b.  c,  foaled  1752,  by  Shock,  bred  by  Mr.  Meredith,  the 
property  of  Mr.  Lightfoot,  of  Charles  City  County,  Va.  1st  dam 
sister  to  Miss  Partner  by  Partner ;  2d  dam  by  Makeless ;  3d 
dam  by  Brimmer ;  4th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  5th  dam 
by  Dodsworth  ;  6th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Bonnie  Scotland,  b.  c,  foaled  1853,  by  lago,  bred  by  Mr.  W. 
FAnson,  and  imported  by  Capt.  Cornish,  the  property  of  Eeber 
&  Kutz,  Lancaster,  Ohio.  1st  dam  Queen  Mary  (Blink  Bonny 's 
dam)  by  Gladiator ;  2d  dam  by  Plenipotentiary ;  3d  dam  Myrrha 
by  Whalebone;  4th  dam  Gift  by  Young  Gohanna;  5th  dam 
sister  to  Grazier  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle  ;  6th  dam  sister  to  Aimator 
by  Trumpator ;  7th  dam  by  Herod  (sister  to  Postmaster) ; 
8th  dam  by  Snap ;  9th  dam  by  Gower  stallion ;  10th  dam  by 
Childers. 

BoNNTFACE,  also  Called  Master  Stephen,  b.  c,  foaled  1768,  by  a  son 
of  Eegulus,  bred  by  Mr.  C.  Blake,  said  to  have  been  imported 
by  Mr.  French,  of  Virginia.  We  cannot  find  this  horse.  1st  dam 
the  Fen  mare  by  Hutton's  Eoyal  colt ;  2d  dam  by  Blunderbuss  ; 
3d  dam  Old  Thornton  mare  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  4th  dam 
Barb  mare. 

BoRROCK  Billy,  ch.  c,  foaled  1753,  bred  by  Mr.  Holme,  imported 
into  South  Carolina.  By  Cade.  1st  dam  by  Eastby  Snake ; 
2d  dam  by  Partner ;  3d  dam  by  Croft's  Egyptian ;  4th  dam 
Grey  Woodcock  by  Woodcock ;  5th  dam  Pet  Mare  by  Wastell's 
Turk  ;  6th  dam  by  Hautboy ;  7th  dam  (Trumpet's  dam). 

BOSPHORUS,  b.  c,  foaled  1759,  imported  into  South  Carolina  by 
Capt.  Parker,  1767.  By  Bosphorus.  1st  dam  by  Tartar; 
2d  dam  by  Eegulus ;  3d  dam  by  Old  Cade ;  4th  dam  by  Bay 
Bolton. 


LI3T  OF  IMPOKTED  STALLIOIS'S.  517 

Bosquet,  bl.  c,  foaled  1855,  bred  by  Mr.  Eobinson,  purchased  in 
England,  1860,  by  Mr.  E.  Wardle,  for  Gen.  S.  R.  Gist,  of  South 
Carolina.  By  Game  Boy.  1st  dam  Miss  Betsey  by  Muley 
Moloch  ;  2d  dam  Bavarian  by  Tramp ;  3d  dam  Comely  by 
Comus ;  4th  dam  Anticipation  by  Benningbrougli ;  5th  dam 
Expectation  by  Herod  ;  Gth  dam  by  Skim  ;  7th  dam  by  Janus ; 
8th  dam  Spinster  by  Crab ;  9th  dam  Widdrington  Mare  by 
Partner ;  lOtli  dam  sister  to  Squirrel's  dam  by  Bloody  But- 
tocks ;  11th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  12th  dam  by  Makeless ; 
13th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  14th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ; 
15th  dam  by  Dodsworth ;  IGth  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Brahma,  g.  h.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  Meynell,  imported  into 
Canada  by  H.  P.  Simmons,  Esq.  By  Solyman  (son  of  Selim). 
1st  dam  Scrambler  by  Waxy ;  2d  dam  Gipsey  by  Trumpator ; 
3d  dam  sister  to  Postmaster  by  Herod ;  4th  dam  by  Snap ; 
5th  dam  by  the  Gower  stallion  ;  Gth  dam  by  Childers. 

Brilliant,  g.  c,  foaled  1791,  by  Phenomenon,  bred  by  Mr.  Gar- 
forth,  and  imported  into  Virginia  1796,  by  Col.  Tayloe.  1st  dam 
Faith  by  Pacolet ;  2d  dam  Atalanta  by  Matchem ;  3d  dam  Lass 
of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko ;  4tli  dam  sister  to  Clarke's  Lass  of 
the  Mill  by  Traveler ;  5th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young  Grey- 
hound ;  6th  dam  by  Partner ;  7th  dam  by  Woodcock  (dam  of 
the  Lambton  Miss  Doe) ;  8th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb  (grandam 
of  the  imp.  mare,  Mary  Grey) ;  9tli  dam  Desdemona's  dam  by 
Makeless;  10th  dam  by  Brimmer;  11th  dam  by  Dicky  Pear- 
son (son  of  Dodsworth) ;  12tli  dam  by  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Brunswick,  imported  into  Virginia  before  the  Eevolution,  owned 
by  James  Macdonald  in  1771 ;  by  Oroonoko.  We  cannot  find 
this  horse,  and  cannot  find  any  Babraham  mare  that  ever  had 
a  foal  by  Oroonoko.  1st  dam  by  Babraham ;  2d  dam  by  Ply- 
ing Childers. 

Brutus,  r.  c,  foaled  1748,  by  Eegulus,  bred  by  Mr.  Martindale, 
imported  (it  is  believed)  into  South  Carolina.  1st  dam  Miss 
Layton  (Lodge's  roan  mare)  by  Partner ;  2d  dam  by  a  colt  of 
Lord  Cardigan's  by  the  Duke  of  Eichmond's  Turk ;  3d  dam  by 
Why-not ;  4th  dam  by  Mr,  Wilkinson's  bay  Arabiau  ;  5th  dam 
Natural  Barb  mare,  bought  by  Mr.  Wilkinson  of  Lord  Arling- 
ton (Secretary  of  State  to  Charles  the  Second)  to  whom  she 
was  a  present  from  the  Emperor  of  Morocco. 

Bryan  O'Lynn,  br.  c,  foaled  1796,  by  Aston,  bred  by  Mr.  Baker, 


518  THE  HOESE. 

and  imported  into  Warren  county,  N.  C,  by  Governor  James 
Turner  in  1803.  1st  dam  by  Le  Sang ;  2d  dam  by  Regulus ; 
3d  dam  sister  Bay  Brocklesby  by  Partner ;  4th  dam  Brocklesby 
by  Greyhound ;  5th  dam  by  Brocklesby  Betty  by  Curwen  Bay 
Barb ;  6th  dam  Leedes  Hobby  mare,  by  the  Lister  Turk. 

Bucephalus,  br.  c,  foaled  1758,  by  Sir  Matthew  Wetherton's 
Locust,  imported  into  Virginia  before  the  Eevolution.  We  can- 
not find  this  horse.  1st  dam  by  Cade ;  2d  dam  by  Partner ; 
3d  dam  by  Makeless ;  4th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  5th  dam  by  Place's 
White  Turk ;  6th  dam  by  Dods  worth ;  7th  dam  by  Lay  ton 
Barb  mare. 

BuFFCOAT,  dun  c,  foaled  1742,  by  Godolphin  Arabian,  bred  by  Lord 
Godolphin.  He  died  in  Virginia  in  1757.  1st  dam  Silver 
Locks  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  2d  dam  by  Akaster  Turk ; 
3d  dam  by  Leedes ;  4th  dam  by  Spanker. 

BuLLE  Rock,  foaled  in  1718,  imported  into  Virginia  before  the 
Eevolution  in  1730.  We  cannot  find  this  horse,  and  give  it  as 
stated  below,  he  being  foaled  before  the  issue  of  either  the  Stud 
Book  or  Pacing  Calendar.  By  Darley  Arabian.  He  was  owned 
by  Samuel  Patton  and  Samuel  Gist,  of  Virginia.  1st  dam  by 
Byerly  Turk ;  2d  dam  Lister  Turk ;  3d  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Buzzard,  ch.  c,  foaled  1787,  bred  by  Mr.  Bullock,  imported  into 
Virginia  by  Colonel  Hoomes,  and  afterward  brought  to  Ken- 
tucky by  Benjamin  Graves.  By  Woodpecker.  Died  in  Ken- 
tucky in  1811,  aged  24.  1st  dam  Misfortune  by  Dux  ;  2d  dam 
Curiosity,  sister  to  Angelica,  by  Suaj^ ;  3d  dam  by  Regulus ; 
4th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  5th  dam  by  Honeywood's 
Arabian ;  6th  dam  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

By  THE  Sea,  ch.  c,  foaled  1868,  imported  by  Mr.  A.  Belmont,  New 
York,  in  his  mother's  belly.  By  Thormanby,  by  dam  imported 
Bernice  by  Stockwell  (which  see). 

Cade,  h.,  foaled  1756,  bred  by  Mr.  Warren,  imported  into  South 
Carolina  1762.  By  Old  Cade.  He  stood  at  Mr.  Williamson's 
in  1763,  near  Eantowles  Bridge,  at  £35.  1st  dam  Silvertail  by 
Henage's  Whitenose  ;  2d  dam  by  Rattle  ;  3d  dam  by  Darley's 
Arabian ;  4th  dam  Old  Child  mare  by  Gresley's  bay  Arabian ; 
5tli  dam  Vixen  by  Helmsley's  Turk ;  6th  dam  Dodsworth's  dam. 

Camel,  b.  c,  foaled  1830,  by  Camel,  bred  by  James  Barbour,  of  Vir- 
ginia, imported  with  his  dam.     1st  dam  imp.  Phantomia  by 


LIST   OF   IMPORTED   STALLIONS.  519 

Phantom  ;  2d  dam  by  Walton  ;  3d  dam  Allegranti  by  Pegasus ; 
4tli  dam  Orange  Squeezer  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  Mop  Squeezer 
by  Matchem ;  6th  dam  Lady  by  Sh'  0.  Turners  Sweepstakes  ; 
7th  dam,  dam  of  Shuttle  by  Patriot ;  8th  dam  by  Crab  ;  10th 
dam  sister  to  Sloven  by  Bay  Bolton ;  11th  dam  by  Curwen's 
Bay  Barb ;  12th  dam  by  Spot ;  13  th  dam  by  White-legged 
Lowther  Barb;  14th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Canxon",  b.  c,  foaled  1789,  by  Dungannon,  bred  by  his  Majesty 
George  the  Fourth.  1st  dam  Miss  Spindleshanks  by  Omar ; 
2d  dam  by  Starling ;  3d  dam  by  Godolphiu  Arabian  ;  4th  dam 
by  Stanyan's  Arabian ;  5th  dam  by  Pelham's  Barb ;  6th  dam 
by  Spot ;  7th  dam  by  White-legged  Lowther  Barb ;  8th  dam 
Old  Vintner  mare. 

Cakwell,  b.  c,  foaled  1859 ;  bred  by  Lord  Newport.  Imported 
into  Canada,  1863.  By  Stockwell.  1st  dam  May  Bell  by 
Hetman  Platoff ;  2d  dam  by  Sultan  ;  3d  dam  Salute  by  Muley ; 
4th  dam  Dulcamara  by  Waxy ;  5th  dam  Witchery  by  Sorcerer ; 
6th  dam  Cobbea  by  Skyscraper;  7th  dam  by  Woodpecker; 
8tli  dam  Heinel  by  Squirrel ;  9th  dam  by  Blank  ;  10th  dam  by 
Cullen  Arabian  ;  11th  dam  Grieswood's  Lady  Thigh  by  Partner. 

CARDiisrAL  Puff,  b.  c,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor.  Imported  by 
Samuel  Harrison,  of  Anne  Arundel  County,  Md.,  by  Cardinal 
Puff.  We  cannot  find  this  horse.  1st  dam  by  Bandy ;  2d  dam 
by  Matchem. 

Carlo,  b.  c,  foaled  1795,  by  Balloon,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Honey^'ood, 
imported  into  Philadelphia  by  Eobert  Wain,  Esq.  He  stood 
at  a  Mr.  Duckett's  in  1809.  1st  dam  sister  to  Peter  Pindar  by 
Javelin  ;  2d  dam  Sweetheart  by  Herod  ;  3d  dam  by  Snap  ;  4tli 
dam  by  Regulus  ;  5th  dam  Crimps  dam  by  Snip ;  6th  dam 
Lady  Thigh  by  Partner ;  7th  dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  8th 
dam  by  Greyhound ;  9th  dam  by  Makeless ;  10th  dam  by  Brim- 
mer ;  11th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  12th  dam  by  Dods- 
worth  ;  13th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Carver,  b.  c,  foaled  1770,  by  Young  Snap.  Imported  in  1774  by 
by  Dr.  Charles  Mayle,  Norfolk  County,  Virginia.  1st  dam  by 
Blank  ;  2d  dam  by  Babraham  ,•  3d  dam  by  Ancaster  Starling  ; 
4th  dam  by  Grasshopper ;  5th  dam  by  Sir  M.  Newton's  Arabian  ; 
6th  dam  by  Pert ;  7th  dam  St.  Martins ;  8th  dam  by  Sir  E. 
Hale's  Turk  (cannot  find  this  horse). 

Centijstel,  ch.  c,  foaled  1758,  by  Blank,  bred  by  the  Duke  of 


520  THE  HOKSE. 

Ancaster,  and  imported  into  South  Carolina.  Died  1784. 
1st  dam  Naylor  by  Cade ;  2d  dam  Spectator's  dam  by  Partner ; 
3d  dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Bay  Bolton ;  4th  dam  by  Darley's 
Arabian ;  5th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk  ;  Gth  dam  by  Taffolet  Barb; 
7th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  8th  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Cetus,  b.  c,  foaled  1827,  by  Whalebone,  bred  by  Mr.  Dilly,  imported 
by  F.  P.  Corbin,  of  Virginia.  1st  dam  Lamia  (sister  to  Quail) 
by  Gohanua ;  2d  dam  Certhia  by  Woodpecker ;  3d  dam  by 
Trentham  ;  4tli  dam  Cunegonde  by  Blank ;  5th  dam  by  Cullen 
Arabian ;  6th  dam  by  Patriot ;  7th  dam  by  Gander ;  8th  dam 
by  brother  to  Grantham ;  9th  dam  by  Pulliene's  Chestnut 
Arabian ;  10th  dam  by  Spanker. 

Chance,  b.  c,  foaled  1797,  by  Lurcher,  bred  by  Mr.  Wentworth,  and 
imported  by  Col.  John  Tayloe  into  Virginia.  Died  in  Virginia, 
1820,  aged  23.  1st  dam  Recovery  by  Hyder-Ally ;  2d  dam  Per- 
dita  by  Herod ;  3d  dam  Fair  Forester  by  Sloe ;  4th  dam  by 
Forester ;  5th  dam  by  Partner ;  6th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ; 
7th  dam  by  Makeless ;  8th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  9th  dam  by 
Dicky  Pierson  (son  of  Dodsworth) ;  10th  dam  Burton  Barb 
mare. 

Chaeiot,  b.  c,  foaled  1789,  by  Highflyer ;  bred  by  Mr.  Clifton ; 
imported  into  Virginia  by  Mr.  Thweat,  and  by  him  sold  to 
Messrs.  James  &  Henry  L}Tie,  Granville  County,  JST.  C,  in  1802. 
1st  dam  Potosi  by  Eclipse;  2d  dam  by  Blank;  3d  dam  by 
Godolphin  Arabian  ;  4th  dam  by  Snip ;  5tli  dam  Spinster  (the 
Widdington  Mare)  by  Partner ;  Gth  dam  sister  to  Squirrel's 
dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  7th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  8th  dam 
by  Makeless ;  9th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  lOtli  dam  l)y  Place's 
White  Turk ;  11th  dam  by  Dodsworth ;  12th  dam  Layton 
Barb  mare. 

Chateau  Maegaijx,  br.  c,  foaled  1822,  by  Whalebone ;  bred  by 
Lord  Egremont,  and  owned  by  J.  Avery  &  A.  T.  B.  Merritt, 
Hick's  Ford,  Virginia,  1835,  imported  1834,  by  Messrs.  Merritt 
&  Co,  1st  dam  Wasp  (sister  to  Scorpion)  by  Gohanna ;  2d 
dam  by  Highflyer;  3d  dam  Chanticleer's  dam  by  Eclipse; 
4th  dam  Eosebud  by  Snap ;  5th  dam  Miss  Belsea  by  Eegulus ; 
6th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers  ;  7th  dam  by  Hone5rwood's  Ara- 
bian ;  8th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Chesterfield,  br.  c,  first  called  New  Zealand,  foaled  1836,  bred  by 
Lord  Chesterfield,  and  imported  to  Illinois  by  Col.  Oakley.     By 


LIST  OF  IMPORTED   STALLIOKS.  531 

imported  Priam.  1st  dam  Worthless  by  Walton  ;  2d  dam  Alti- 
sidora  by  Dick  Andrews ;  3d  dam  Mandane  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4tli 
dam  Young  Camilla  by  Woodpecker ;  5th  dam  Camilla  by 
Trentham  ;  Gth  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton  Barb  ;  7th  dam 
sister  to  Kegulns  by  Godolphin  Arabian ;  8tli  dam  Grey  Robinson 
by  Bald  Galloway ;  9th  dam  by  Snake ;  10th  dam  Old  Wilkes 
by  Old  Hautboy. 

Childers,  b.  c,  imported  into  Virginia  about  the  year  1751,  by 
John  Tayloe,  Sen.,  of  Mt.  Airy.  By  Blaze  (son  of  Flying 
Childers).  We  can  find  no  produce  of  Fox  by  Blaze,  nor  of 
Fox  by  Bald  Galloway.  1st  dam  by  Fox;  2d  dam  by  Bald 
Galloway. 

CiTiZEjj",  b.  c,  foaled  1785,  by  Facolet;  bred  by  Mr.  Gorwood. 
Sent  to  the  West  Indies,  afterward  imported  into  North  Caro- 
lina by  General  Stephen  Wright  Carney,  of  Halifax  County, 
and  landed  at  Portsmouth,  Va.,  in  the  ship  Gosport,  on  the 
26th  day  of  September,  1803,  then  18  years  old.  Died  in  Ten- 
nessee, 1809,  aged  24.  1st  dam  Princess  by  Turk ;  2d  dam 
Fairy  Queen  by  Young  Cade ;  3d  dam  Eouth's  Black  Eyes  by 
Crab ;  4th  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake  ;  5th  dam  sister  to 
Carlisle  Gelding  by  The  Bald  Galloway;  6th  dam  Wharton 
mare  by  Lord  Carlisle's  Turk  ;  7th  dam  by  BaldGolloway ;  8th 
dam  by  Byerly  Turk. 

Claret,  b.  c,  foaled  1830,  by  Chateau  Margaux,  bred  by  Mr.  Wilson, 
and  owned  or  stood  by  Wyatt  Cardwell,  Charlotte  Court  House, 
Va.,  1835,  imported  1834,  by  Merritt  &  Co.  1st  dam  by  Par- 
tisan ;  2d  dam  Silvertail  by  Gohanna ;  3d  dam  by  Orville  ;  4th 
dam  Sehm's  dam  by  Alexander ;  5th  dam  by  Highflyer ;  6th 
dam  by  Alfred  ;  7th  dam  by  Engineer  ;  8th  dam  Bay  Malton's 
dam  by  Cade  ;  9th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Traveler ;  10th  dam 
Miss  Makeless  by  Young  Greyhound ;  11th  dam  by  Partner ; 
12th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam  by  Woodcock ;  13th  dam  by  Croft's 
Bay  Barb ;  14th  dam  Chestnut  Thornton  by  Makeless ;  loth 
dam  Old  Thornton  by  Brimmer;  16th  dam  by  Dicky  Pierson; 
17th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Clifden-,  b.  c,  foaled  1787,  by  Alfred,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Lade,  and 
imported  into  Virginia  in  1800,  by  Dr.  William  Thornton,  of 
Washington  City.  1st  dam  sister  to  Mulberry  by  Florizel ; 
2d  dam  Teresa  by  Matchem  ;  3d  dam  Brown  Eegulus  by  Regu- 
lus ;  4th  dam  Miss  Starling  Junior  by  Starling ;  5  th  dam  by 


522  THE  nORSE. 

Partner ;  Gtli  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ;  7th  dam  by  Makeless  ; 
8th  dam  by  Dicky  Pierson  (son  of  Dodsworth) ;  9th  dam  Bur- 
ton Barb  mare. 

Clifton,  b.  c.  (formerly  called  Grinder),  foaled  1797,  by  Abbe 
Thulle,  bred  by  Mr.  Clifton.  Said  to  have  been  imported  into 
Maryland.  1st  dam  Eustatia  by  Highflyer ;  2d  dam  Wren  by 
Woodpecker;  3d  dam  Papillon  (Sir  Peter  Teazle  dam)  by 
Snap ;  4tli  dam  Miss  Cleveland  by  Eegulus ;  5th  dam  Midge  by 
a  son  of  Bay  Bolton ;  6th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  7th  dam  Ijy 
Honey  wood's  Arabian ;  8th  dam  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Clockfast,  g,  c,  foaled  1774,  by  Gimcrack,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor, 
imported  into  Virginia  in  the  ship  Theodorick,  by  Capt.  McNab. 
1st  dam  Miss  Ingram  by  Eegulus ;  2d  dam  Miss  Doe  by  Sed- 
bury ;  3d  dam  Miss  Mayes  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  4th  dam  by 
Counsellor ;  5th  dam  by  Snake ;  6th  dam  by  Luggs  ;  7tli  dam 
by  Davill's  Old  Woodcock. 

Clown",  b.  c,  foaled  1785,  by  Bordeaux,  bred  by  Mr.  Vernon,  sent  to 
the  West  Indies,  and  imported  into  Orange  County,  North 
Carolina,  by  Messrs.  Cahi  &  Eea.  1st  dam  by  Eclipse ;  2d  dam 
Chrysis  by  Careless ;  3d  dam  Snappina  by  Snap ;  4tli  dam  by 
Moore's  Partner ;  5tli  dam  by  Childers ;  6th  dam  Miss  Bel- 
voir  by  Grey  Grantham ;  7th  dam  by  Paget  Turk ;  8th  dam 
Betty  Percival  by  Leede's  Arabian ;  9th  dam  by  Spanker. 

CocK-A-Hoop,  ch.  c,  foaled  1856,  bred  by  Mr.  A.  Gray,  imported  by 
E.  Ten  Broeck,  Esq.,  1860.  By  The  Confessor.  Died  on  the 
passage.    1st  dam  Delia  by  Dick;  2d  dam  Lady  Di  by  Actason. 

CcEUR  DE  Leon",  b.  c,  foaled  1789,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  Mr.  Tur- 
ner, and  imported  into  Virginia  by  Col.  John  Hoomes.  Died 
1809,  aged  20  years.  1st  dam  Dido  by  Eclipse;  2d  dam  by 
Spectator ;  3d  dam  by  Blank ;  4th  dam  Lord  Leigh's  Diana  by 
Second ;  5tli  dam  Mr.  Hanger's  brown  mare  by  Stanyan's  Ara- 
bian; 6th  dam  Gipsy  by  King  William's  Notongued  Barb; 
7th  dam  by  Makeless ;  8th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Columbus,  b.  c,  foaled  1835 ;  imported  in  his  mother's  belly  by 
E.  D.  Shepherd,  Va.  By  Columbus ;  dam  by  Catton ;  2d  dam 
(Kilnocky's  dam)  by  Sancho.     (See  Catton  mare.) 

Commodore,  b.  c,  imported  into  New  York  in  the  ship  Samuel 
Eobinson,  Capt.  Choate,  from  Greenock,  in  Scotland,  by  C.  H. 
Williams,  Esf|.  By  Caleb  Quotem,  Mary  Brown,  the  reported 
dam  of  Commodore,  was  foaled  1805,  but  we  can  fjid  no  prod- 


LIST    OF    IMPOKTED    STALLIONS.  523 

uce  of  Mary  Brown  in  the  Stud  Book,  by  Caleb  Quotem.  The 
pedigree  is  given  as  found  in  Edgar,  no  date  of  foaling  or  year 
of  importation  is  given;  the  pedigree  is  correct  from  Mary 
Brown  back  to  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues.  Said  to  have 
been  foaled  1820.  1st  dam  Mary  Brown  by  Guilford;  2d  dam 
Vixen  by  Pot-8-o's ;  3d  dam  Cypher  by  Squirrel ;  4:tli  dam  by 
Eegulus;  5th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  6th  dam  by  Honey- 
wood's  Arabian ;  7th  dam  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

CoMUS,  (Berner's)  b.  or  br,  c,  foaled  1829,  by  Comus,  bred  by  Lord 
Berner,  and  imported  by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Huntsville,  Ala.,  in 
1837.  1st  dam  Eotterdam  by  Juniper;  2d  dam  Spotless  by 
"Walton ;  3d  dam  by  Trumpator ;  -ith  dam  by  Highflyer ;  5th 
dam  Otheothea  by  Otho;  Gth  dam  by  Snap;  7tli  dam  by  Eegu- 
lus ;  8th  dam  Wildair  s  dam  by  Steady ;  9th  dam  by  Partner ; 
10th  dam  by  Greyhouud;  11th  dam  Chestnut  Layton  by  Make- 
less  ;  12th  dam  Bay  Layton  by  Counsellor;  13th  dam  by  Brim- 
mer; 14th  dam  Trumpet's  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  15th 
dam  by  Dodsworth;  16tli  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

CoNSOL,  b.  c,  foaled  1828,  by  Lottery,  bred  by  Mr.  Walker,  and  im- 
ported into  America  by  E.  H.  Boardman,  of  Alabama,  in  1835. 
Consol  died  1839.  1st  dam  by  Cerberus;  2d  dam  Merlin's  dam 
by  Delpini ;  3d  dam  Tripple  Cyder  by  King  Fergus ;  4th  dam 
Sylvia  by  Young  Marske;  5  th  dam  Ferret  by  a  brother  to  Sil- 
vio ;  6th  dam  Eegulus ;  7th  dam  by  Lord  Morton's  Arabian ; 
8th  dam  by  Mixbury ;  9th  dam  by  Mulso  Bay  Turk ;  10th  dam 
by  Bay  Bolton;  11th  dam  by  Coneyskins;  12th  dam  by  Hut- 
ton's  Grey  Barb;  13th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk;  14th  dam  by 
Bustler. 

CoNSTEKNATiON',  br.' c,  foaled  1841,  by  Confederate,  bred  by  Mr. 
Cawood,  and  imported  in  June,  1846,  by  C.  J.  Abbott,  Esq., 
and  recently  the  property  of  John  P.  Welch,  of  Oregon.  1st 
dam  Curiosity  by  Figaro ;  2d  dam  by  Waxy ;  3d  dam  Bizarre 
by  Peruvian ;  4th  dam  Violante  by  John  Bull ;  5th  dam  sister 
to  Skyscraper  by  Highflyer;  Gtli  dam  Everlasting  by  Eclipse; 
7th  dam  Hysena  by  Snap ;  8th  dam  Miss  Belsea  by  Eegulus ; 
9th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  lOtli  dam  by  Honeywood's 
Arabian ;  11th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

CONTEACT,  ch.  c,  foalcd  1823,  by  Catton,  bred  by  Lord  Scarborough, 
and  imported  by  William  Jackson  into  New  York  in  1829.  1st 
dam  Helen  by  Hambletonian :  2d  dam  Susan  by  Overton;  3d 


524  THE    nORKSE. 

dam  Drowsy  by  Drone ;  4tli  dara  Old  England  mare  by  Cullen 
Arabian;  5th  dam  Miss  Cade  by  Cade;  Gthdam  Miss  Makeless 
by  a  son  of  Greyhound ;  7th  dam  by  Partner  (sister  to  Wilkie's 
mare) ;  8th  dam  by  Woodcock;  9th  dam  by  Croft's  Barb;  10th 
dam  by  Makeless;  11th  dam  by  Brimmer;  12th  dam  l:>y  Dicky 
Pierson;  13th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Cormorant,  b.  c,  foaled  1787,  by  Woodpecker,  bred  Ijy  Mr.  Fox, 
and  imported  into  Virginia  by  the  late  Colonel  John  Hoomes. 
1st  dam  Nettletop  by  Squirrel;  2d  dam  Indiana's  dam  by  Baja- 
zet;  3d  dam  by  Regulus;  4th  dam  by  Blank;  5th  dam  by 
Lonsdale  Arabian ;  6th  dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Bay  Bolton ;  7th 
dam  by  Darley's  Arabian ;  8th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk  ;  9th  dam 
by  Taffolet  Barb;  10th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  11th  dam 
Natural  Barb  mare. 

Coronet,  b.  c,  foaled  1825,  by  Catton,  bred  by  Mr.  F.  Lumley.  He 
stood  at  Somerville,  Tenn.,  in  1839,  at  Edward  Haskins'.  1st 
dam  by  Paynator;  2d  dam  Violet  by  Shark;  3d  dam  by  Sy- 
phon ;  4th  dam  Mr.  Quick's  Charlotte  by  Blank ;  5th  dam  by 
Crab ;  Gth  dam  by  Dyer's  Dimple ;  7th  dam  by  Bethell's  Cast- 
away ;  8th  dam  by  Why-not ;  9th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Crab,  foaled  in  1736,  bred  by  Mr.  Eouth,  and  imported  into  Amer- 
ica about  the  year  1746.  He  died  in  Virginia,  in  1750.  By 
Crab.  1st  dam  by  Counsellor;  2d  dam  by  Coneyskins ;  3d  dam 
by  Hutton's  Arabian. 

Crawford,  g.  c,  bred  by  His  Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of  Cum- 
berland ;  imported  into  Virginia,  by  Eobert  Rutfm,  of  Prince 
Georo-e  county.  We  cannot  find  this  horse.  By  Cumberland 
Arabian,  1st  dam  by  Partner;  2d  dam  by  Snake;  3d  dam  by 
Lyster  Turk. 

Crawler,  b.  c,  foaled  1792,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  the  Duke  of 
Grafton ;  imported  into  the  State  of  Tennessee.  1st  dam  Har- 
riet by  Matchem ;  2d  dam  Flora  by  Regulus ;  3d  dam  by  Bart- 
lett's  Childers ;  4th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  5th  dam  by  Belgrade 
Turk. 

Creeper,  b.  c,  foaled  1768,  by  Tandem,  bred  by  Lord  A.  Hamilton ; 
imported  into  the  State  of  New  York.  1st  dam  Harriet  by 
Matchem;  2d  dam  Flora  1)y  Regulus;  3d  dam  by  Bartlett's 
Childers;  4th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton;  5th  dam  by  Belgrade 
Turk. 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    STALLIOis'S.  525 

Creole,  bl.  c,  foaled  1750,  bred  by  the  Marquis  of  Eockingham; 
by  Ancaster  Starling.  First  dam  the  dam  of  Dapple,  For 
pedigree  of  Creole  (also  called  Negro),  see  English  Eacing  Cal- 
endar for  1754,  page  177. 

Cruiser,  b.  c,  foaled  1852,  bred  by  Lord  Dorchester,  imported  into 
Ohio  by  Mr.  J.  S.  Earey.  By  Venison.  Died  18G6.  1st  dam 
by  Little  Eed  Eover ;  2d  dam  Eclat  by  Edmund;  3d  dam  Squib 
by  Soothsayer;  4th  dam  Berenice  by  Alexander;  5th  dam  Bru- 
nette by  Amaranthus  ;  6th  dam  Mayfly  by  Matchem ;  7th  dam 
by  Ancaster  Starling;  8th  dam  by  Grasshopper;  9th  dam  by 
Sir  M.  Newton's  Arabian;  10th  dam  by  Pert;  11th  dam  by  St. 
Martin;  12th  dam  by  Sir  E.  Hale's  Arabian;  13th  dam  the 
Oldfield  mare. 

Cub,  ch.  c,  foaled  1739,  by  Fox,  bred  by  Mr.  Greville,  and  imported 
into  Virginia.  1st  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake ;  2d  dam 
sister  to  Carlisle  Gelding  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  3d  dam  by 
Byerly  Turk. 

Cumberland,  bl.  c,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Mr.  Stirling,  imported  by 
Com.  E.  F.  Stockton,  New  Jersey.  By  Camel.  1st  dam  Ma- 
tilda by  Or\dlle;  2d  dam  by  Sorcerer;  3d  dam  Matilda  by 
Whiskey ;  4th  dam  sister  to  Toby  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  by 
Matchem;  6th  dam  by  Dainty  Davy;  7th  dam  by  son  of  Mo- 
gul ;  8th  dam  by  Crab ;  9th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  10th  dam  by 
Curwen  Bay  Barlj. 

Cyistthius,  ch.  c,  foaled  1799,  by  Acacia,  bred  by  Mr.  Garforth.  1st 
dam  Yarico  by  King  Fergus ;  2d  dam  Atalanta  by  Matchem ; 
3d  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko ;  4th  dam  sister  to  Clark's 
Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Old  Traveler ;  5th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by 
Young  Greyhound;  6th  dam  by  Partner ;  7th  dam,  dam  of  the 
Lambton  Miss  Doe  by  Woodcock;  8th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay 
Barb ;  9th  dam  by  Makeless ;  10th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  11th 
dam  by  Dicky  Pierson ;  12th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Dabster,  c.  c,  foaled  1735,  by  HobgobHu,  and  imported  into  Vir- 
ginia about  1741.  We  cannot  find  this  horse.  1st  dam  by 
Spanker;  2d  dam  by  Hautboy. 

Daghee,  ch.  c,  foaled ,  by  Muley,  bred  by ,  imported 

into  Canada  by  Com.  Barrie,  E.  N.,  afterward  brought  to  the 
United  States,  and  stood  in  New  Jersey  in  1835.  First  dam  by 
Sheik  (Arabian).     Not  down  in  the  English  Stud  Book. 


520  THE    HORSE. 

Dancing  Master,  b.  c,  foaled  1788,  by  Woodpecker,  bred  by  Lord 
Derby,  imported  into  South  Carolina.  1st  dam  Madcap  by 
Snap ;  2d  dam  Miss  Meredith  by  Old  Cade ;  3d  dam  Little 
Hartley  mare  by  Bartlett's  Cliilders  ;  4th  dam  Fl}ing  V/hig  by 
William's  Woodstock  Arabian ;  5th  dam  by  St.  Victor  Barb ; 
6th  dam  by  Why-not  (son  of  the  Fen  wick  Barb) ;  7th  dam 
Eoyal  mare. 

Dare  Devil,  b.  c,  foaled  1787,  by  Magnet,  bred  by  the  Duke  of 
Grafton,  imported  by  Col.  Hoomes,  of  Virginia,  in  the  ship  Ee- 
becca,  from  London,  in  1795.  1st  dam  Hebe  by  Chrysolite; 
2d  dam  Proserpine  (sister  to  Eclipse)  by  Marske ;  3d  dam  Spi- 
letta  by  Eegulus ;  4th  dam  Mother  Western  by  Smith's  son  of 
Snake ;  5th  dam  by  Lord  D'Arcy's  Old  Montague ;  Gth  dam  by 
Hautboy;  7th  dam  by  Brimmer. 

Darlington,  b.  c,  foaled  1787,  bred  by  Mr.  Wetherston,  of  Thorpe, 
near  Bernard  Castle,  Yorkshire,  Eng.,  by  Clothier,  imported  by 
Mr.  Hoomes  in  1792.  We  cannot  find  this  horse.  'No  doubt 
correct  pedigree.  1st  dam  by  Highflyer;  2d  dam  by  Little 
John ;  3d  dam  by  Snake. 

David  (called  Young  David  in  the  English  Stud  Book),  b.  c,  foaled 
1756,  by  the  Gower  Stallion,  bred  by  Lord  Gower,  and  imported 
into  Virginia  about  the  year  1763.  1st  dam  by  Fox-Cub;  2d 
dam  by  Mr.  Honeywood's  Young  True  Blue ;  3d  dam  sister  to 
Mr.  Pelham's  Little  George  by  the  Curwen  Barb. 

Denizen,  ch.  c,  foaled  1836  ;  imported  in  his  mother's  belly  by  E.  H. 
Boardman,  Alabama.  By  Eng.  Actaeou ;  dam  Imp.  Design  by 
Tramp.     (See  Imp.  Design.) 

Derby,  b.  c,  foaled  1831,  bred  by  Lord  Derby ;  imported  by  E.  D. 
Shepherd,  Va.  By  Sir  Peter  Lely.  Derby  was  purchased  and 
taken  to  Kentucky,  and  died  the  property  of  Hon.  Henry  Clay. 
1st  dam  Urganda  (also  imported)  by  Milo ;  2d  dam  by  Sor- 
cerer ;  3d  dam  by  Sir  Solomon ;  4th  dam  by  Young  Marske. 
(See  Imported  Urganda.) 

De  Bash,  b.  c,  foaled  1792,  by  King  Fergus,  bred  by  Sir  C.  Turner, 
imported  into  Massachusetts  by  Mr.  Jones.  1st  dam  by  High- 
flyer ;  2d  dam  Madcap  by  Snap ;  3d  dam  Miss  Meredith  by  Old 
Cade ;  4th  dam  Little  Hartley  mare  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  5th 
dam  Flying  Whig  by  Woodstock's  Arabian ;  6th  dam  by  St 
Victor  Barb ;  7th  dam  by  "Wliy-not  (son  of  the  Fenwick  Barb) : 
8th  dam  Eoval  mare. 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    STALLIONS.  537 

DiOMED,  ch.  c,  foaled  1777,  by  Florizel,  bred  by  Sir  C.  Bunbury, 
and  imported  into  Virginia  in  1799,  when  23  years  of  age.  He 
died  the  property  of  Col.  Hoonies  in  1808,  aged  31  years.  1st 
dam  sister  to  Juno  by  Spectator ;  2d  dam  sister  to  Horatius  by 
Blank ;  3d  dam  by  Childers ;  4th  dam  Miss  Belvoir  by  Grey 
Grantham;  5th  dam  by  Paget  Tnrk;  6th  dam  Betty  Percival 
by  Leede's  Arabian ;  7th  dam  by  Spanker. 

Dioisr,  b.  c,  foaled  1795,  by  Spadille,  bred  by  Mr.  Garforth,  imported 
into  Virginia  the  fall  of  1801,  by  Col.  Hoomes.  1st  dam 
Faith  by  Pacolet;  2d  dam  Atalanta  by  Match  em;  3d  dam 
Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko ;  4tli  dam  sister  to  Clark's  Lass 
of  the  Mill  by  Traveler ;  5th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young 
Greyhound ;  6th  dam  by  Partner ;  7th  dam,  dam  of  Miss  Doe 
by  Woodcock ;  8th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ;  9th  dam  Dcsde- 
mona's  dam  by  Makeless;  10th  dam  by  Brimmer;  11th  dam 
by  Dicky  Pierson ;  12th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

DoxcASTER,  bl.  c,  foaled  1834,  by  Longwaist,  bred  by  Mr.  Nowell, 
and  imported  in  1835,  a  yearling,  by  Captain  William  J.  Minor, 
of  Natchez,  Miss.  1st  dam  Young  Lady  Em  by  Muley;  2d 
dam  Lady  Ern  by  Stamford;  3d  dam  sister  to  Repeater  by 
Trumpator ;  4tli  dam  Demirep  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  Brim  by 
Squirrel;  6tli  dam  Helen  by  Blank;  7th  dam  by  Crab;  8th 
dam  sister  to  Partner  by  Jigg ;  9tli  dam  sister  to  Misbury  by 
Curwen's  Bay  Barb;  10th  dam  by  Old  Spot;  11th  dam  by 
White-legged  Lowther  Barb;  12th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

DoK  Quixote,  ch.  c,  foaled  1784,  by  Eclipse,  bred  by  Mr.  Taylor, 
and  imported  into  Virginia.  1st  dam  Grecian  Princess  by 
Williams'  Forester ;  2d  dam  by  the  Coalition  colt  (son  of  the 
G.  Arabian) ;  3d  dam  by  Bustard ;  4th  dam  Lord  Leigh's 
Charming  Molly  by  Second;  5th  dam  Mr.  Hanger's  brown 
mare  by  Stanyan's  Arabian;  6th  dam  Gipsy  by  King  Wil- 
liam's No-tongued  Barb ;  7th  dam  by  Makeless ;  8th  dam  Eoyal 
mare. 

Dormouse,  ch.  c,  foaled  1753,  by  Dormouse,  bred  by  Lord  Ched- 
worth.  1st  dam  Diana  by  Whitefoot ;  2d  dam  Silverlocks  by 
the  Bald  Galloway ;  3d  dam  by  Akaster  Turk ;  4th  dam  by 
Leedes ;  5th  dam  by  Spanker. 

DoTTERREL,  g.  c,  foalcd  1756,  bred  by  Sir  John  Pennington,  and  said 
pedigree  given  by  him  (P.  N.  Lee,  of  Virginia).  By  Change- 
ling.   This  horse  stood  in  Westmoreland  county,  Va.,  in  1766. 


528  THE    HOESE. 

1st  diim  hj  a  son  of  Wynn's  Arabian ;  2d  dam  by  a  son  of 
Lonsdale  Arabian;  3d  dam  by  Black  Arabian;  4th  dam  by 
Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  5th  dam  by  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Dove,  g.  c,  foaled ,  imported  by  Dr.  Thomas  Hamilton,  of 

Prince  George  county,  Md.  By  Young  Cade.  Thos.  Good,  of 
Virginia,  stood  him  in  1787.  We  cannot  find  him.  He  was 
imported  in  17G1  or  1762.  He  ran  in  1763,  at  Annapolis,  Md. 
1st  dam  by  Teazer ;  2d  dam  by  Gardiner. 

Deagon,  ch.  c,  foaled  1787,  by  Woodpecker,  bred  by  the  Duke  of 
Bedford ;  imported  into  Virginia  by  Col.  Hoomes.  He  died  in 
Tennessee  in  1812,  aged  25  years.  1st  dam  Juno  by  Spectator 
(sister  to  the  dam  of  Diomed) ;  2d  dam  by  Blank  (sister  to 
Horatius) ;  3d  dam  by  Childers ;  4th  dam  Miss  Belvoir  by  Grey 
Grantham;  5th  dam  byPajetTurk;  6th  dam  Betty  Percival 
by  Leede's  Arabian ;  7th  dam  by  Spanker. 

Deivee,  b.  c,  foaled  1806,  by  Driver,  bred  by  Mr.  Bruhl ;  imported 
into  Virginia  by  Dr.  William  Thornton,  of  Washington  city, 
D.  C.  1st  dam  by  Dorimant;  2d  dam  Muse  by  Herod;  3d 
dam  by  Shepherd's  Crab ;  4th  dam  Miss  Meredith  by  Cade ; 
5th  dam  Little  Hartley  mare  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  6th  dam 
Flying  Whig  by  William's  Woodstock  Arabian ;  7th  dam  by 
St.  Victor  Barb ;  8tli  dam  Why-not  (son  of  the  Fenwick  Barb) ; 
9  th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Deone,  b.  c,  foaled  1777,  by  Herod,  bred  by  Mr.  Panton;  imported 
into  Massachusetts  or  Connecticut.  He  stood  in  Litchfield, 
Conn.,  and  in  Dutchess  Co.,  N.  Y.  1st  dam  Lilly  by  Blank ; 
2d  dam  Peggy  by  Cade ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Widrington  mare  by 
Partner ;  4th  dam  sister  to  Squirrel's  dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks ; 
5th  dam  by  Greyhonnd ;  6th  dam  by  Makeless ;  7tli  dam  by 
Brimmer ;  8th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  9tli  dam  by  Dods- 
worth ;  10th  dam  Lay  ton  Barb  marc. 

Druid,  ch.  c,  foaled  1780,  by  Pot-8-o's,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor, 
and  imported  into  Virginia,  in  1800,  by  Col.  Hoomes.  1st  dam 
Maid  of  the  Oaks  by  Herod ;  2d  dam  Parity  by  Matchem ;  3d 
dam  Snapdragon  by  Snap;  4th  dam  by  Eegulus;  5th  dam  by 
Bartlett's  Cbilders;  6tli  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian;  7th 
dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

DuNGANNON",  b.  c,  foaled  1786,  by  Dungannon,  bred  by  Mr.  Gra- 
ham, and  imported  by  Colonel  Tayloe,  of  Virginia,  in  1799. 
1st  dam  Flirtilla  by  Conductor;  2d  dam  Flirt  by  Squirrel;  3d 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    STALLIONS.  529 

dam  Helen  by  Blank ;  4tli  dam  by  Crab ;  5tli  dam  sister  to 
Partner  by  Jigg;  6th  dam  sister  to  Mixbury  by  Curwen's  Bay 
Barb;  7tli  dam  by  Old  Spot;  8tli  dam  by  White-legged 
Lowther  Barb ;  9th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Eagle,  b.  c,  foaled  1796,  by  Volunteer,  bred  by  Sir  F.  Standish,  and 
imported  into  Virginia,  the  fall  of  1811,  by  Mr.  Bell.  Died  in 
Kentucky,  1826,  aged  30.  1st  dam  by  Highflyer ;  2d  dam  by 
Engineer ;  3d  dam  by  Cade ;  4th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by 
Traveler ;  5th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young  Greyhound ;  6tli 
dam  by  Partner ;  7th  dam  (dam  of  the  Lambton  Miss  Doe)  by 
Woodcock;  8th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb;  9th  dam  (Desde- 
mona  dam)  by  Makeless  ;  10th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  11th  dam  by 
Dicky  Pierson ;  12th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Eclipse,  b.  c,  foaled  1747,  by  Partner,  bred  by  Mr.  Crofts;  im- 
ported by  Col.  Harris,  of  Virginia,  and  called  sometimes  "  Har- 
ris' Eclipse."  He  died  on  Manherrin  river,  Va.,  in  1771,  aged 
24  years.  We  do  not  vouch  for  the  accuracy  of  the  following 
pedigree;  the  mare  had  seven  colts  by  Partner,  1734,  '37,  '40, 
'43,  '45,  '46  and  '47.  We  have  taken  the  last  foal  as  the  colt. 
1st  dam  bay  Bloody  Buttocks  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  2d  dam  by 
Greyhound;  3d  dam  by  Makeless;  4tli  dam  by  Brimmer;  5th 
dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  6th  dam  by  Dodsworth;  7th  dam 
Lay  ton  Barb  mare. 

Eclipse,  ch.  c,  foaled  1778,  by  Eclipse,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Shelley. 
This  horse  was  imported  and  owned  by  Eichard  B.  Hall,  of 
Prince  George  county,  Md.,  and  was  called  Hall's  Eclipse.  1st 
dam  Phoebe  by  Eegulus ;  2d  dam  by  Cottingham ;  3d  dam  by 
Snake ;  4th  dam  by  Bald  Galloway ;  5th  dam  by  Lord  Carlisle's 
Turk. 

Eclipse,  b.  c,  foaled  1855,  by  Orlando,  bred  by  Mr.  Greville,  im- 
ported by  E.  Ten  Broeck,  and.  owned  by  Frank  Morris,  Esq., 
of  New  York.  1st  dam  Gaze  (sister  to  Gasser)  by  Bay  Middle- 
ton  ;  2d  dam  Flj'catcher  by  Godolphin ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Cob- 
web by  Phantom;  4th  dam  Filagree  by  Soothsayer;  5th  dam 
Web  by  Waxy ;  6th  dam  Penelope  by  Trumpator ;  7th  dam 
Prunella  by  Highflyer;  8th  dam  Promise  by  Snap;  9th  dam 
Julia  by  Blank;  10th  dam  Spectatoi-'s  dam  by  Partner;  11th 
dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Bay  Bolton;  12th  dam  by  Darley's  Ara- 
bian ;  13th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk;  14th  dam  by  Taffolet  Barb; 
15th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  16th  dam  Natural  Barb 
mare. 

Vol.  L— 34 


530  THE    HORSE. 

Eclipse,  ch.  c.  (called  Northern  Eclipse),  imported,  consigned  to 
Messrs.  Wallace  &  Mnir,  Annapolis,  Md.  By  O'Kelly's  Eclipse. 
1st  dam  Amaryllis  by  Adolplms ;  2d  dam  by  Cub ;  3d  dam 
(A.  La  Greque's  dam)  by  Allworthy;  4tli  dam  by  Bolton  Star- 
ling; otli  dam  Dairy  Maid  by  Bloody  Buttocks;  6tli  dam  Bay 
Brocklesby  by  Old  Partner ;  7tli  dam  Brocklesby  by  Grey- 
hound ;  8th  dam  Brocklesby  Betty  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  9th 
dam  Mr.  Leedes'  Hobby  mare  by  The  Lister  Turk. 

Emancipation,  b.  c,  foaled  1827,  by  Whisker,  bred  by  Mr.  Eid- 
dell,  and  imported  into  Virginia,  1835,  by  Messrs.  Merritt  & 
Co.  1st  dam  by  Ardrossan  (Beeswing's  dam) ;  2d  dam  Lady 
Eliza  by  Whitworth  ;  3d  dam  X  Y  Z's  dam  by  Spadille  ;  4th 
dam  Sylvia  by  Young  Marske  ;  5th  dam  Ferrett  by  brother  to 
Silvio ;  6th  dam  by  Kegulus ;  7th  dam  by  Lord  Morton's  Ara- 
bian ;  8tli  dam  by  J\Iixbury ;  9th  dam  by  Mulso's  Bay  Turk ; 
10th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton;  11th  dam  by  Coneyskins;  12th  dam 
by  Hutton's  Grey  Barb  ;  13th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk;  14th  dam 
by  Bustler. 

Emancipation  Colt,  ch.  c,  foaled  183G ;  imported  in  New  York. 
By  Emancipation  before  his  importation ;  dam  Rosalind  by 
Paulowitz,  foaled  in  England  before  her  imi^ortation.  (See 
imported  Rosalind.) 

Emu,  b.  c,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Mr.  Hnntcr;  imported  by  Thomas 
Elintoff,  Esq.,  of  Nashville,  Tenn.  By  Picton.  1st  dam  Cui- 
rass by  Oiseau ;  2d  dam  Castanea  by  Gohanna ;  3d  dam  Grey 
Skin  by  Woodpecker;  4th  dam  Silver's  dam  by  King  Herod; 
5th  dam  Young  Hag  by  Skim ;  Gth  dam  Hag  by  Crab ;  7th 
dam  Ebony  by  Childers ;  8tli  dam  Old  Ebony  by  Basto ;  9th 
dam  the  Massey  mare. 

Englishman,  b.  c,  foaled  1812.  The  property  of  Walter  Bell,  of 
Virginia;  imported  in  his  mother's  belly.  By  imp.  Eagle. 
1st  dam  by  Pot-oooooooo  (sister  to  Timidity) ;  2d  dam  by  Peg-  . 
asus;  3d  dam  by  Highflyer;  4th  dam  Smallbones  by  Justice ; 
5th  dam  by  Pangloss ;  6th  dam  Riddle  by  Wolseley  Barb ;  7th 
dam  Lady  Augusta  by  Spot ;  8th  dam  by  Crab ;  9th  dam  sister 
to  Partner  by  Jigg;  10th  dam  sister  to  Mixbury  by  Curwen's 
Bay  Barb;  11th  dam  by  Old  Spot;  12th  dam  by  White-legged 
Lowther  Barb ;  13th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Envoy,  b.  c,  foaled  1833,  by  Memnon,  bred  by  Mr.  Mott;  stood  at 
Le\tis  K.  Grigsby's,  Winchester,  Ky.,  in  1839.     1st  dam  Zarina 


LIST   OF   IMPORTED   STALLIONS.  531 

by  Morisco ;  2d  dam  lua  by  Smoleusko ;  3d  dam  Morgiana  by 
Coriander ;  4th  clam  Fairy  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  Fairy  Queen 
by  Young  Cade ;  Gth  dam  Eouth's  Black  Eyes  by  Crab ;  7th 
dam  Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake ;  8th  dam  sister  to  Carlisle 
gelding  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  9th  dam  Wharton  mare  by  his 
Turk;  10th  dam  by  Bald  Galloway;  11th  dam  by  Byerl^ 
Turk. 
Escape  (called  Horns  formerl}'^,  and  so  entered  in  English  Stu( 
Book),  ch.  c,  foaled  1798,  and  imported  into  Virginia  by  Col. 
Hoomes.  By  Precipitate.  Died  1807.  1st  dam  by  Wood- 
pecker; 2d  dam  by  Sweetbriar;  3d  dam  (Buzzard's  dam)  Miss- 
fortune  by  Dux;  4th  dam  Curiosity,  sister  to  Angelica  by 
Snap;  5th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  Gth  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers; 
7th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  8th  dam,  dam  of  the  two 
True  Blues. 

EsPERSYKES,  br.  c,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Mr.  Allen ;  imported  by 
Thomas  Alderson,  Esq.,  Nashville,  Tenn.  By  imported  Behaz- 
zar.  1st  dam  by  Capsicum ;  2d  dam  Acldam  Lass  by  Prime 
Minister ;  3d  dam  Young  Harriet  by  Camillus ;  4th  dam  Har- 
riet by  Precipitate;  5th  dam  Young  Rachel  by  Volunteer;  Gth 
dam  Eachel  by  Highflyer;  7th  dam  (sister  to  Tandem)  by 
Syphon ;  8th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  9th  dam  by  Snip;  10th  dam  by 
Cottingham;  11th  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake. 

EuGEKius,  ch.  c,  foaled  1770,  bred  by  the  Duke  of  Ancaster.  By 
Chrysolite.  1st  dam  Mixbury  by  Eegulus;  2d  dam  Little 
Bowes  by  brother  to  Mixbury;  3d  dam  Bowes  by  Button's 
Barb;  4th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk;  5th  dam  by  Selaby  Turk; 
Gth  dam  Mr.  Place's  mare  by  Hautboy ;  7th  dam  sister  to  Mor- 
gan Dun  by  a  son  of  tlie  Helmsley  Turk;  8th  dam  by  Dods- 
worth ;  9th  dam  by  Burton  Barb. 

Expedition",  ch.  c,  foaled  1795,  bred  by  Lord  Egremont,  and  im- 
ported into  New  York.  By  Pegasus.  He  stood  in  New  Jersey 
in  1802.  1st  dam  Actiye  by  Woodpecker ;  2d  dam  Laura  by 
Whistle- Jacket;  3d  dam  Pretty  Polly  by  Starling;  4th  dam 
sister  to  Lord  Leigh's  Diana  by  Second ;  5th  dam  Mr  Hanger's 
brown  mare  by  Stanyan's  Arabian ;  Gth  dam  Gipsey  by  King 
William's  Notongued  Barb ;  7th  dam  by  Makeless ;  8th  dam 
Eoyal  mare. 

Express,  b.  c,  foaled  1785,  bred  by  Mr.  Barton.  By  Postmaster. 
1st  dam  by  Syphon;  2d  dam  by  Matchem;  3d  dam  by  Snip; 


532  THE    HORSE. 

4th  dam  by  Regulns ;  5tli  dam  Parker's  Lady  Thigli  by  Part- 
ner; 6th  dam  Bay  Bloody  Buttocks  by  Bloody  Buttocks;  7th 
dam  by  Greyhound ;  8th  dam  by  Makeless ;  9th  dam  by  Brim- 
mer; 10th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  11th  dam  by  Dods- 
worth ;  12th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

ExTOiS",  b.  c,  foaled  1791,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  Mr.  Addy.  1st  dam 
lo  by  Spectator;  2d  dam  by  Blank;  3d  dam  Lord  Leigh's 
Diana  by  Second ;  4th  dam  Mr.  Hanger's  brown  mare  by  Stan- 
yan's  Arabian ;  5  th  dam  Gipsey  by  King  \yilliam's  Notongued 
Barb ;  6th  dam  by  Makeless  :  7th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Fairfax  EoA]sr,  alias  Strawberry,  alias  Strawberry  Eoan,  r.  c, 
foaled  1764,  bred  by  Mr.  Simpson ;  imported  (it  is  believed)  by 
Lord  Fairfax  into  Virginia  during  the  Eevolutionary  war.  By 
Adolphus.  1st  dam  by  Mr.  Smith's  Tartar  (a  son  of  Croft's 
Partner) ;  2d  dam  by  Midge  (son  of  Snake) ;  3d  dam  by  Hip. 

Fallower,  c,  foaled  1761,  bred  by  Duke  of  Grafton.  Imported 
into  South  Carohna  1766,  by  Mr.  Fenwick.  By  Blank.  1st 
dam  by  Partner ;  2d  dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  3d  dam  by 
Greyhound  ;  4th  dam  by  Makeless;  5th  dam  by  Brimmer;  6th 
dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  7th  dam  by  Dodsworth  ;  8th  dam 
Layton  Barb  mare. 

Fazzoletto,  Jr.,  b.  c,  foaled  1859,  imported  in  his  mother's  belly,  by 
Mr.  Keene  Eichards,  Scott  Co.,  Ky.,  by  Eng.  Faggoletto,  dam 
imp.  Emilia  by  Young  Emelius.     (See  Emilia.) 

Fearnought,  b.  c,  foaled  1755,  bred  by  Mr.  Warren,  and  imported 
into  Virginia  in  March,  1764,  by  Col.  John  Baylor.  He  died 
in  Greenville  County,  Va.,  the  fall  of  1776,  aged  21  years.  By 
Eegulus.  1st  dam  Silvertail  by  Mr.  Heneage's  Whitenose ; 
2d  dam  by  Eattle  ;  3d  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian  ;  4th  dam  Old 
Child  mare  by  Sir  T.  Grcsley's  bay  Arabian ;  5th  dam  Mr. 
Cook's  Vixen  by  the  Helmsley  Turk;  6th  dam  Dodsworth's 
dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Fellow,  ch.  c,  foaled  1757,  imported  into  Pennsylvania,  the  exact 
date  not  known,  or  by  whom  imported.  By  Cade.  1st  dam 
by  Duke  of  Bolton's  Goliah ;  2d  dam  by  Wilkinson's  Turk ; 
3d  dam  by  Cupid.     (See  Pick.) 

Felt,  b.  c,  foaled  1826,  by  Langar,  bred  by  Lord  Sligo,  and  im- 
ported in  1835,  by  Merritt  &  Co.,  of  Virginia.  1st  dam  Steam 
by  Waxy  Pope  ;  2d  dam  Miss  Stavely  by  Shuttle ;  3d  dam  by 
Drone;  4th  dam  by  Matchem;  5th  dam  Jocasta  by  Croft's 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    STALLIONS.  533 

Forester ;  6tli  dam  Milksop  by  Cade ;  7th  dam  Miss  Partner 
by  Partner;  8tli  dam  by  Makeless;  9tli  dam  by  Brimmer; 
lOtli  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  11th  dam  by  Dodsworth ; 
12th  dam  Lay  ton  Barb  mare. 

Felt  Hoese,  ch.  c,  foaled  1836,  imported  in  New  York  in  1838,  by 
Felt,  before  his  importation.  First  dam  imported  Vaga ;  he 
was  foaled  in  England.     (See  imported  Vaga.) 

Fiat,  br.  c,  foaled  18G3,  bred  by  Maj.  Green  Thompson,  imported 
into  Canada  1865.  By  the  Judge.  1st  dam  by  Van  Tromp ; 
2d  dam  by  Bay  Middleton  ;  3d  dam  Nitocris  by  Whisker ;  4th 
dam  Mauuella  by  Dick  Andrews ;  5th  dam  Mandane  by  Pot- 
8-o's;  6th  dam  Young  Camilla  by  Woodpecker;  7th  dam 
Camilla  by  Trentham;  8th  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton 
Barb ;  9tli  dam  sister  to  Eegulus  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian ; 
10th  dam  Grey  Robinson  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  11th  dam  by 
Snake ;  12th  dam  Old  Wilkes  by  Old  Hautboy. 

Figure,  b.  c,  foaled  1757,  by  Grey  Figure  ;  imported  by  Dr.  Ham- 
ilton in  the  year  1765.  1st  dam  Young  Mariamne  by  Crab; 
2d  dam  Mariamne  by  Partner. 

We  cannot  find  this  colt.  He  ran  at  Annapolis,  in  1766, 
winning  a  race  at  four  heats  ;  he  ran  several  other  races.  We 
doubt  the  correctness  of  the  pedigree  on  the  dam's  side.  There 
is  no  Mariamne  by  Partner,  but  in  vol.  1,  page  427,  Mariamne 
foaled  1748,  by  Lord  Portmore's  Victorious.  We  think  the 
following  his  correct  pedigree :  1st  dam  by  Partner ;  2d  dam 
by  Eichardson's  Merlin ;  3d  dam  by  Makeless ;  4th  dam  by 
Burford  Bull ;  5th  dam  by  Devonshire  Arabian. 

Fieebrakd,  ch.  c,  foaled  1802,  by  Buzzard,  bred  by  the  Duke  of 
Grafton,  and  imported  by  Gen.  John  McPherson,  of  South 
Carolina.  Said  to  have  died  on  his  passage.  1st  dam  Fanny 
(sister  to  King  Fergus)  by  Eclipse ;  2d  dam  Tuting's  Polly  by 
Othello  ;  3d  dam  Fanny  by  Tartar  ;  4th  dam  by  Starling ;  5t]i 
dam  by  Childers  ;  6th  dam  Lilliput's  dam  by  Wilkinson's  Barb ; 
7th  dam  Mr.  Milbank's  Bald  Peg. 

Firetail,  b.  c,  foaled  1795,  by  Phoenomenon,  bred  by  Mr.  Well^urn ; 
imported  by  Messrs.  Cain  &  Rea,  of  Orange  County,  N.  C,  in 
1801 ;  1st  dam  Columbine  by  Espersykes ;  2d  dam  by  Babra- 
ham  Blank ;  3d  dam  Tipsey  by  Starling ;  4th  dam  Switch  by 
Lonsdale  Arabian  ;  5th  dam  by  Cyprus ;  6th  dam  Crab's  dam 
by  Basto  ;  7th  dam  sister  to  Mixbury  by  the  Curwen  Bay  Bai'b ; 


534  TUB    HOKSE. 

8tli  dam  by  Cunven  Spot;  9tli  dam  White-legged  Lowther 
Barb ;  10th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Flag  of  Truce,  br.  c,  by  imported  Sober  John.  First  dam  im- 
ported Spanish  mare  Creeping  Kate.  Ean  successfully  up  to 
1767 ;  stood  that  year  at  Mr.  Peter  Sinklers,  St.  Stephen 
Parish,  S.  C,  at  £35. 

Flatteree,  b.  c,  foaled  1831,  by  Muley,  bred  by  Sir  M.  Wood,  and 
imported  in  1835.  Stood  at  Samuel  Mim's,  Fayetteville,  N.  C, 
in  1839.  1st  dam  Clare  by  Marmion ;  2d  dam  Harpalice  by 
Gohanna;  3d  dam  Amazon  by  Driver ;  4th  dam  Fractious  by 
Mercury ;  5th  dam  by  Woodpecker ;  6th  dam  Everlasting  by 
Eclipse ;  7tli  dam  Hya?na  by  Snap ;  8th  dam  Miss  Belsea  by 
Eegulus ;  9th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  10th  dam  Honey- 
wood's  Arabian  ;  11th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Flexible,  b.  c,  foaled  1822,  by  Whalebone,  bred  by  Lord  Egre- 
mont,  and  imported  in  1835,  by  Merritt  &  Co.,  of  Virginia. 
1st  dam  Themis  by  Sorcer ;  2d  dam  Hanna  by  Gohanna ;  3d 
dam  Humming-bird  by  Woodpecker;  4th  dam  Camilla  by 
Trentham;  5tli  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton  Barb;  6th 
dam  sister  to  Eegulus  by  Godolphin  Arabian ;  7th  dam  Gray 
Eobinson  by  Bald  Galloway ;  8th  dam  by  Snake ;  9th  dam  Old 
Wilkes  by  Old  Hautboy. 

Flimnap,  b.  c,  foaled  1765,  by  South,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Moore,  and 
imported  into  South  Carolina.  1st  dam  by  Cygnet ;  2d  dam 
by  Cartouch ;  3d  dam  Ebony  by  Childers ;  4th  dam  Old  Ebony 
by  Basto ;  5th  dam  Massey  mare  by  Mr.  Massey's  black  Barb. 

Floeizel,  br.  c,  by  Florizel,  imported  by  Messrs.  Eingold  &  Co. 
The  above  horse  was  said  to  have  been  the  property  of  Walter 
Hillen,  Esq.,  of  Georgetown,  D.  C,  and  called  Hillen's  Florizel. 
We  can  find  the  Alfred  mare,  but  no  produce,  but  presume  the 
following  is  correct,  as  Fairy  Queen  had  the  filly  by  Alfred  in 
1778.  It  is  not  stated  when  Florizel  was  foaled  or  by  whom 
imported.  1st  dam  by  Alfred;  2d  dam  Fairy  Queen  by  Young 
Cade ;  3d  dam  Eouth's  Black-Eyes  by  Crab ;  4th  dam  Warlock 
Galloway  by  Snake  ;  5th  dam  sister  to  Carlisle  Gelding  by  the 
Bald  Galloway;  6th  dam  Wharton  mare  by  Lord  Carlisle 
Turk ;  7th  dam  by  Bald  Galloway ;  8th  dam  by  Byerley  Turk. 

Flt-bt-Night,  br.  c,  foaled  1853,  by  The  Flying  Dutchman,  bred 
by  M.  Bowes,  and  imported  by  Col.  John  L.  White,  of  Pittsyl- 
vania Court  House,  Va.,  in  January,  1858.    1st  dam  The  Flap- 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    STALLIONS.  535 

per  by  Touchstone ;  2d  clam  Mickleton  Maid  by  Velocipede ; 
3d  dam  Maid  of  Lime  by  AVhisker ;  4th  dam  Gibside  Fairy  by 
Hermes ;  5th  dam  Vicissitude  by  Pipator ;  6tli  dam  Beatrice 
by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  7th  dam  Pyrrha  by  Matchem ;  8th  dam 
Duchess  by  Whitenose ;  9th  dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by  Young 
True  Blue;  10th  dam  by  Oxford's  Dun  Arabian;  11th  dam 
D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Royal  mare. 

Fltijstg  Childers,  ch.  c,  foaled  18'38;  imported  by  Major  Cook, 
New  Jersey,  with  his  dam,  by  Buskin,  son  of  Tramp ;  dam  imp. 
Prunella  by  Comus.     (See  imp.  Prunella  by  Comus.) 

Fop,  g.  c,  foaled  1832,  by  Stumps,  bred  by  Mr.  Cookes,  and  im- 
ported into  Tennessee,  by  L.  J.  Polk,  Esq.  1st  dam  by  Fitz 
James ;  2d  dam  by  Windle ;  3d  dam  by  Anvil ;  4th  dam  Virago 
by  Snap;  5th  dam  by  Eegulus;  6tli  dam  sister  to  Black-and-all 
Black  by  Crab ;  7tli  dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by  Young  True  Blue ; 
8th  dam  by  Lord  Oxford's  Dun  Arabian ;  9th  dam  D'Arcy's 
Blacklegged  Eoyal  mare. 

FoREESTER,  —  c,  foaled ,  by  Magog  (son  of  Matchem).     He 

stood  in  Kentucky,  1803.  Not  down  in  the  Stud  Book,  First 
dam  by  Barry's  Forrester. 

Frederick,  ch.  c,  foaled  1810,  by  Selim,  bred  by  Mr.  Bell,  and  im- 
ported by  Mr.  Bell  in  the  fall  of  1811.  1st  dam  by  Pot-8-o's 
(the  dam  of  Englishman);  2d  dam  by  Pegasus;  3d  dam  by 
Highflyer;  4th  dam  Small  Bones  by  Justice;  5th  dam  by 
Pangloss;  6th  dam  Riddle  by  Wolsely  Barb;  7th  dam  Lady 
Augusta  by  Spot ;  8th  dam  by  Crab ;  9th  dam  sister  to  Partner 
by  Jigg ;  10th  dam  sister  to  Mixbury  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ; 
11th  dam  by  Old  Spot;  12th  dam  by  White-legged  Lowther 
Barb ;  13th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Friar,  b.  c,  foaled  1759,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Moore,  imported  into  South 
Carolina,  1766,  stood  at  Mr.  Thomas  Boone's  Pon  Pon,  and  up 
to  1774  at  Beach  Hill.  By  South.  1st  dam  by  Babraham;  2d 
dam  by  Golden  Ball ;  3d  dam  Bushey  Molly  by  Hampton  Court 
Childers ;  4th  dam  Lord  Halifax's  Bushey  Molly  by  Chestnut 
Lytton  Arabian  ,  5th  dam  Lord  Halifax's  Farmer  mare  by  the 
Chillaby  Barb ;  6th  dam  Sir  W.  Ramden's  Byerly  Turk  mare ; 
7tli  dam  by  Spanker. 

Ftlde,  b.  c,  foaled  1824,  by  Antonio,  bred  by  Mr.  Clifton,  and  im- 
ported by  Messrs.  Avery  Merritt  and  Townes,  into  Virginia  in 
August,  1832.     Fylde  got  crij^pled  in  landing  from  the  ship. 


536  THE    HORSE. 

1st  dam  Fadladinida  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  2d  dam  Fanny  by 
Diomed ;  3d  dam  Ambrosia  by  "Woodpecker ;  4th  dam  Ruth  by 
Blank  (sister  to  Highflyer's  dam) ;  5th  dam  by  Regulus ;  Gth 
dam  by  Soreheels ;  7th  dam  by  Makeless ;  8th  dam  Christopher 
D'Arcy's  Eoyal  mare. 
Gabeiel,  b.  e.,  foaled  1790,  by  Dorimaut,  bred  by  Mr.  Hull,  and 
imported  or  consigned  to  Col.  Tayloe,  of  Virginia,  in  1799. 
Died  in  Virginia,  1800,  aged  10  years.  1st  dam  by  Highflyer; 
2d  dam  by  Snap;  3d  dam  by  Chalkstone's  dam  by  Shepherd's 
Crab ;  4th  dam  Miss  Meredith  by  Cade ;  5th  dam  Little  Hart- 
ley mare  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  Gth  dam  Flying  Whig  by 
Woodstock  Arabian ;  7th  dam  by  St.  Victor  Barb ;  8tli  dam  by 
Why-not  (son  of  the  Fenwick  Barb) ;  9th  dam  Royal  mare. 

Genius,  b.  c,  foaled  1753,  by  Babraham,  bred  by  Mr.  Keck;  (stood 
in  New  York.)  1st  dam  Aura  by  the  Stamford  Turk ;  2d  dam 
by  brother  to  Conqueror ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Snip  by  Childers ; 
4th  dam  sister  to  Soreheels  by  Basto ;  5tli  dam  sister  to  Mix- 
bury  by  the  Curwen  Bay  Barb ;  6tli  dam  by  Curwen  Spot ;  7th 
dam  by  White-legged  Lowther  Barb;  8th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Gift,  b.  c,  foaled  17G8,  by  Cadormus,  bred  by  Mr.  Lord,  and  im- 
ported by  Colonel  Dangerfield,  of  Kent  county,  Va.  1st  dam 
imported  Cub  mare's  dam  by  Second ;  2d  dam  by  Starling ;  3d 
dam  sister  to  Vane's  Little  Partner  by  Partner ;  4th  dam  by 
Greyhound;  5th  dam  by  Makeless;  Gth  dam  by  Brimmer;  7th 
dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  8th  dam  by  Dodsworth  ;  9th  dam 
Layton  Barb  mare. 

Glencoe,  ch.  c,  foaled  1831,  by  Sultan,  bred  by  Lord  Jersey,  and 
imported  by  James  Jackson,  of  Florence,  Ala.,  in  1836.  1st 
dam  Trampoline  by  Tramp ;  2d  dam  Web  by  Waxy ;  3d  dam 
Penelope  by  Trumpator ;  4th  dam  Prunella  by  Highflyer ;  5tli 
dam  Promise  by  Snap;  Gth  dam  Julia  by  Blank;  7th  dam 
Spectator's  dam  by  Partner ;  8th  dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Bay  Bol- 
ton ;  9th  dam  by  Barley's  Arabian ;  10th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk; 
11th  dam  by  Taffblet  Barb;  12th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk; 
13  th  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Glenelg,  b.  c,  foaled  186G,  bred  by  Mr.  R.  W.  Cameron,  owned  by 
Mr.  A.  Belmont,  New  York.  By  Citadel  (son  of  Stockwell) ; 
dam  Bapta  by  Kingston  (which  see). 

Glenevis,  br.  c,  foaled  in  1866.  Bred  by  Colonel  Angerstein, 
England.     Imported  by  R.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  of  Clifton,  Staten 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    STALLIOIN^S.  537 

Island,  in  1866.  Got  by  Oulston,  dam  Voliicris  by  Yoltigeur; 
2d  dam  by  The  Doctor ;  3d  dam  Gray  Araby  by  Talisman ;  4tli 
dam  Bay  Araby  by  Camel ;  5tli  dam  Bay  Bess  by  Sultan ;  Gth 
dam  by  Napoleon,  Arabian ;  7th  dam  by  Hippomenes ;  8th  dam 
by  Quicksilver;  9tli  dam  by  Doge. 

Glengart,  br.  c,  foaled  1866,  bred  by  Mr.  Lane,  imported  by  Mr. 
L.  W.  Jerome,  New  York.  By  Thormanby :  dam  Carbine  by 
Eifleman;  2d  dam  Troica  by  Lanercost;  3d  dam  Siberia  by 
Brutandorf;  4th  dam  by  Blucher;  5th  dam  Opal  by  Sir  Peter; 
6th  dam  Olivia  by  Justice ;  7th  dam  Cypher  by  Squirrel ;  8th 
dam  by  Kegulus ;  9th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  10th  dam  by 
Honey  wood's  Arabian ;  11th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues, 
a  Byerly  mare. 

Gouty,  b.  c,  foaled  1796,  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  bred  by  Sir  F.  Stand- 
ish,  and  imported  in  1806,  by  Eobert  Eives,  of  Nelson  county, 
Virginia.  1st  dam  Yellow  mare  by  Tandem ;  2d  dam  Perdita 
by  Herod ;  3d  dam  Fair  Forester  by  Sloe ;  4th  dam  by  For- 
ester ;  5th  dam  by  Partner ;  Gth  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barl^ ;  7th 
dam  by  Makeless ;  8th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  9th  dam  by  son  of 
Dodsworth ;  10th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Geanby,  b.  c,  foaled  1759,  by  Blank,  bred  by  Mr.  Wildman  (also 
called  Marquis  of  Granby).  1st  dam  by  Crab;  2d  dam  by 
Cyprus  Arabian ;  3d  dam  by  Commoner;  4th  dam  by  Make- 
less  ;  5th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  6th  dam  by  Dicky  Piersou ;  7th 
dam  by  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Greyhound,  b.  c,  foaled  1791,  by  Sweetbriar,  bred  by  Mr.  Went- 
worth.  let  dam  Miss  Green  by  Highflyer;  2d  dam  Harriet  by 
Matchem ;  3d  dam  Flora  by  Eegulus ;  4th  dam  by  Bartlett's 
Childers;  5th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton;  6tli  dam  by  Belgrade 
Turk. 

Hambletoist,  b.  c,  foaled  1791,  by  Dungannon,  bred  by  Mr.  Hutchi- 
son, and  imported  by  William  Lightfoot,  of  Sandy  Point,  Va. 
1st  dam  by  Snap;  2d  dam  Young  Marske's  dam  by  Blank;  3d 
dam  Bay  Starling  by  Bolton  Starling ;  4th  dam  Miss  Meynell 
by  Partner ;  5th  dam  l)y  Greyhound ;  6th  dam  by  Curwen's 
Bay  Barb ;  7th  dam  by  Lord  D'Arcy's  Arabian ;  8th  dam  by 
Whiteshirt ;  9th  dam  Old  Montague  mare. 

Hampton"  Court,  b.  c,  foaled  1864,  bred  by  Mr.  Greville ;  imported 
by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  New  York,    By  Young  Melbourn. 


538  THE    HORSE. 

1st  dam  Durindana  by  Orlando,  dam  of  Mantrap,  Miss  Palmer- 
ston  and  Dundee;  2d  dam  Despatch  Ijy  Defence  (dam  of  Her- 
mes, Milo  and  Konconi) ;  3d  dam  Nannette  (sister  to  Glancus) 
by  Partizan;  4th  dam  Nanine  by  Selim;  5  th  dam  Bizarre  by 
Peruvian  (dam  of  Scarpa) ;  6th  dam  Violante  by  Jolm  Bail 
(dam  of  Hetman  and  Finesse) ;  7th  dam  sister  to  Skyscraper 
by  Highflyer;  8th  dam  Everlasting  by  Eclipse;  9th  dam 
Hysena  by  Snap;  10th  dam  Miss  Belsea  by  Eegulns;  11th  dam 
by  Bartlett's  Childers  ;  12th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ; 
13th  dam  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Harkforwaed,  b.  c,  foaled  in  1840,  by  Economist,  bred  by  Mr. 
Ferguson,  and  imported  by  Judge  Alexander  Porter,  Oak  Lawn, 
near  Franklin,  La.,  in  the  spring  of  1841.  1st  dam  Harkaway's 
dam  by  Nabocklish ;  2d  dam  Miss  Toialeyby  Teddy  the  Grinder; 
3d  dam  Lady  Jane  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  4th  dam  Paulina  by 
Florizel ;  5  th  dam  Captive  by  Matchem ;  6tli  dam  Calliope  by 
Slouch ;  Ytli  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko ;  8th  dam  by 
Old  Traveler;  9th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Greyhound;  10th 
dam  by  Partner ;  lltli  dam,  dam  of  the  Lambton  Miss  Doe  by 
Woodcock;  12th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb;  13th  dam  Desde- 
moua's  dam  by  Makeless;  14tli  dam  by  Brimmer;  15th  dam 
by  Dicky  Pierson;  16tli  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

HarthstCtTON",  b.  c,  foaled  1859,  bred  by  Mr.  Eobinson ;  imported 
by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  New  York.  By  Voltigeur:  dam 
Countess  of  Burlington  by  Touchstone ;  2d  dam  Lady  Emily 
by  Muley  Moloch ;  3d  dam  Caroline  by  Whisker ;  4th  dam  Gib- 
side  Fairy  by  Hermes ;  5th  dam  Vicissitude  by  Pipator ;  6th 
dam  Beatrice  by  Sir  Peter ;  7th  dam  Pyrrha  by  Matchem ;  8th 
dam  Duchess  by  Whiten ose;  9th  dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by 
Young  True  Blue ;  10th  dam  by  Lord  Oxford's  Dun  Arabian ; 
11th  dam  D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Eoyal  mare. 

Hector,  bL  c,  foaled  1745,  by  Lath,  bred  by  Lord  Hartington,  and 
imported  by  Col.  Marshall,  1st  dam  by  Childers  (sister  to 
Snip) ;  2d  dam  sister  to  Soreheels  by  Basto ;  3d  dam  sister  to 
Mixbury  Galloway  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  4tli  dam  by  Old 
Spot ;  5th  dam  by  Wliite-legged  Lowther  Barb ;  6th  dam  Old 
Vintner  mare. 

Hedgeford,  br.  c,  foaled  1825,  by  Filho  da  Puta,  bred  by  Mr.  Myt- 
ton.  Imported  by  William  Jackson,  New  York,  1832.  Died 
1840  in  Kentucky.     1st  dam  Miss  Craige  by  Orville ;  2d  dam 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    STALLIOKS.  539 

Marcliioness  by  Lurcher ;  3cl  dam  Miss  Cogden  by  Phoenome- 
non;  4th  dam  by  Young  Marske;  5th  dam  by  Silvio  ;  Gtli  dam 
Mr.  Hutton's  Daphne  by  Eeguhis ;  7th  dam  Brandy  ISTan  by 
Sedbury;  8th  dam  by  Starling;  9th  dam,  dam  of  Hutton's 
Spot  by  a  son  of  his  Grey  Barb;  10th  dam  by  Coneyskins; 
11th  dam  by  Hautboy. 

Heeald,  ch.  c,  foaled  1839,  bred  by  Col.  Wade  Hampton,  South 
Carolina.  Imported  in  his  mother's  belly  by  English  Plenipo- 
tentiary; dam  imp.  Delphine  by  Whisker.     (See  Delphine.) 

Heecules,  b.  c,  foaled  1857,  bred  by  Mr.  J.  B.  Shepherd.  Sent  to 
California,  1863.  By  Kingston.  1st  dam  daughter  of  Toscar 
by  Bay  Middleton ;  2d  dam  Malvina  by  Oscar ;  3d  dam  Spot- 
less by  W^alton ;  4th  dam  by  Trumpator ;  5th  dam  by  High- 
flyer; 6th  dam  Otheothea  byOtho;  7th  dam  by  Snap;  8th 
dam  by  Eegulus ;  9th  dam  Wildair's  dam  by  Steady ;  10th  dam 
by  Partner;  11th  dam  by  Greyhound;  12th  dam  Chestnut 
Layton  by  Makelees. 

Heeo,  b.  c,  foaled  1747,  by  Blank,  the  property  of  the  Duke  of 
Bridgewater.  First  dam  by  Godolphin  Arabian.  See  E.  E.  C. 
for  1762,  page  — . 

Heeod,  g.  c,  foaled  1792,  by  Young  King  Herod,  and  imported 
into  Virginia  by  Col.  Hoomes  (it  is  supposed),  and  called  Hil- 
ton's Kins  Herod.  He  is  not  in  the  Stud  Book.  He  was  said 
to  be  imported  in  1796.  1st  dam  by  Conductor ;  2d  dam  by 
Florizel ;  3d  dam  by  Matchem. 

Hibiscus,  br.  c,  foaled  1834,  by  Sultan,  bred  by  Lord  Exeter,  and 
imported  in  1840,  by  Mr.  Freyer,  South  Carolina.  1st  dam 
Duchess  of  York  by  Waxy;  2d  dam  Moses'  dam  by  Gohanna; 
3d  dam  Grey  Skim  by  Woodpecker;  4th  dam  by  Herod;  5th 
dam  Young  Hag  by  Skim ;  6th  dam  Hag  by  Crab  ;  7th  dam 
Ebony  by  Childers ;  8th  dam  Ebony  by  Basto ;  9th  dam  Massey 
mare  by  Mr.  Massey's  Black  Barb. 

Highflyer  (Cragg's),  br.c,  foaled  1782,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  Lord 
Egremont.  He  sired  Lee  Boo  and  other  good  runners.  Im- 
ported 1778  into  Virginia.  1st  dam  Angelica  by  Snap;  2d  dam 
by  Eegulus;  3d  dam  byBartlett's  Childers;  4th  dam  by  Honey- 
wood's  Arabian ;  5th  dam  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Highlander,  g.  c,  foaled  1783,  l)y  Bordeaux,  bred  by  Mr.  Doug- 
las. Imported  into  New  York  1794.  1st  dam  Tetotum  by 
Matchem;   2d  dam  Lady  Bolingbroke  by  Squirrel;   3d  dam 


540  THE    nOESE, 

Cypron  (Herod's  dam)  by  Blaze ;  4th  dam  Selima  by  Bethell's 
Arabian ;  5tli  dam  hj  Graliam's  Champion ;  Gth  dam  hy  Bar- 
ley's Arabian;  7th  dam  by  Merlin. 
HiLLSBOEOUGH,  b.  c,  foalcd  1858 ;  imported  with  his  dam  by  Mr. 
A.  Keene  Richards,  Kentucky.  By  Stockwell;  dam  imp.  mare 
by  Lanercost ;  2d  dam  The  Nun  by  Catton.  (See  imp.  Laner- 
cost  mare.) 

IIOB-OR-sroB,  b.  c,  foaled  1747,  by  Goliah,  run  by  Mr.  Eeynolds. 
First  dam  by  Bald  Galloway.  He  is  not  down  in  the  Stnd 
Book.  See  English  Eacing  Calendar,  1754,  page  242,  for  the 
years  1758  and  1759,  for  1758  page  42,  for  1759  page  32.  It 
appears  in  1758,  page  IIG,  that  Mr.  Reynolds'  Hob-or-Nob  was 
by  Babraham. 

Honest  John,  br.  c,  foaled  1794,  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  bred  by  Mr. 
Milbanke,  and  imported  by  Dr.  James  Tate,  of  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  1st  dam  by  Magnet  (sister  to  Windlestone);  2d  dam  by 
Le  Sang ;  3d  dam  by  Rib ;  4th  dam  Mother  Western  by  Smith's 
son  of  Snake ;  5th  dam  by  Montague ;  Gth  dam  by  Hautboy ; 
7tli  dam  by  Brimmer. 

HooTON",  b.  c,  foaled  1840,  bred  by  Mr.  Worthington ;  imported 
into  United  States  by .  Stood  in  Kentucky.  By  Des- 
pot. 1st  dam  by  Catton;  2d  dam  Melrose  by  Pilgarlick;  3d 
dam  by  Whisker ;  4th  dam  by  Orville;  5th  dam  Otterington's 
dam  by  Expectation ;  Gth  dam  by  Spadille ;  7th  dam  Grog's 
dam  by  Alfred;  8tli  dam  by  Locust;  9fch  dam  by  Changeling; 
10th  dam  by  Cade. 

Hugh  Lupus,  b.  c,  foaled  183G,  bred  by  'My.  Mostyn,  and  imported 
to  New  Orleans,  La.  By  Priam.  1st  dam  Her  Highness  by 
Moses;  2d  dam  Princess  Royal  by  Castrel;  3d  dam  Queen  of 
Diamonds  by  Diamond ;  4th  dam  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  5th  dam 
Lucy  by  Florizel ;  Gth  dam  Frenzy  by  Eclij)se ;  7th  dam  by 
Engineer;  8 tli  dam  by  Blank;  9th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by 
Traveler;  lOtli  dam  Miss  Makeless  l)y  Young  Greyhound; 
11th  dam  by  Old  Partner;  12tli  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam  by  Wood- 
cock ;  13th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ;  14th  dam  Desdemona's 
dam  by  Makeless;  15tli  dam  by  Brimmer ;  IGth  dam  by  Dicky 
Pierson  ;  17th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

HuEEAH,  b.  c,  foaled  18G2,  bred  by  Rawcliff  Stud  Co.  Imported 
by  John  Reber,  Esq.,  Lancaster,  Ohio.  By  Newminster :  dam 
Jovial  by  Bay  Middleton ;  2d  dam  (sister  to  Grey  Momus)  by 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    STALLIOXS.  541 

Comus;  3d  dam  by  Cervantes;  4th  dam  Emma  by  Don  Cos- 
sack ;  5tli  dam  Vesta  by  Delpini ;  Gtli  dam  Faith  by  Pacolet ; 
7th  dam  Atalanta  by  Matchem ;  8th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by 
Oroonoko ;  Otli  dam  by  Old  Traveler ;  10th  dam  Miss  Makeless 
by  Young  Greyhound;  lltli  dam  by  Old  Partner;  12th  dam 
by  Woodcock;  13th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb;  14th  dam  by 
Makeless;  loth  dam  by  Brimmer;  IGth  dam  by  Dicky  Pierson; 
17th  dam  Burton  Bar!)  mare. 

Iota,  b.  c,  foaled  1854;  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Milner.  Sent  to  New 
Orleans,  1850.  By  Storm  or  Maroon.  1st  dam  Beta  by  Vol- 
tair ;  2d  dam  by  Eaphael ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Eosette  by  Benning- 
brougli;  4th  dam  Eosamond  by  Tandem;  5th  dam  Tuberose 
by  Herod;  Gtli  dam  Grey  Starling  by  Starling;  7th  dam 
Coughing  Polly  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  8th  dam  by  Counsellor; 
9th  dam  by  Snake;  10th  dam  by  Luggs;  11th  dam  by  Davill's 
Old  Woodcock. 

Jack  Andeews,  b.  c,  foaled  1794,  by  Joe  Andrev/s,  bred  by  Mr. 
Lord,  and  imported  by  William  Lightfoot,  Sandy  Point,  Va. 
1st  dam  by  Highflyer;  2d  dam  by  Cardinal  Puff;  3d  dam  by 
Tatler;  4th  dam  by  Snip;  5tli  dam  by  Godolphin  Arabian; 
Gth  dam  hj  Frampton's  Whiteneck  ;  7th  dam  by  Pelham 
Barb. 

Jack  of  Diamonds,  b.  c,  foaled ,  by  the  Cullen  Arabian,  bred 

by ,  and  imported  by  Gen.  Spotswood,  of  Virginia.     He 

was  a  dark  bay  horse,  with  a  spot  in  the  shape  of  a  diamond  in 
his  face.  We  cannot  find  him  in  the  Stud  Book.  He  stood  at 
Solomon  Dunn's,  in  Virginia,  17G3.  1st  dam  by  Darley  Ara- 
bian; 2d  dam  by  Byerly  Turk;  3d  dam  by  Taffolet  Barb;  4tli 
dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  5th  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Janus,  ch.  c,  foaled  174G,  by  Old  Janus  (son  of  the  Godolphin  Ara- 
bian out  of  the  Little  Hartley  mare),  bred  by  Mr.  Sw3^mmer,  im- 
ported into  Virginia  about  the  year  1752.  He  was  the  property 
of  John  Goode,  Sr.,  of  Mecklenburgh  count}^,  Va.,  who  agreed 
to  give  £150,  Virginia  currency,  for  him,  provided  he  was  safely 
delivered  at  his  stable,  in  the  winter  of  1779  or  1780,  being  in 
the  34th  year  of  his  age.  Janus  started  for  the  stable  of  Mr. 
Goode,  as  aforesaid,  and  progressed  as  far  as  the  stable  of  Col. 
Haynes,  where  he  died  in  1780.  This  colt  is  not  laid  down  in 
the  Stud  Book  or  Pacing  Calendar.  He  was  foaled  before  the 
issue  of  either.  No  doubt  a  correct  pedigree.  1st  dam  by  Fox ; 
2d  dam  by  the  Bald  Galloway. 


543  THE    nOESE. 

John  Bull,  b.  c,  foaled  1833,  by  Chateaux  Margaux,  purchased  by- 
Mr.  Tattersall  for  Captain  E.  F.  Stockton,  and  imported  in 
1834,  when  a  yearhng.  We  do  not  doubt  this  pedigree,  but  in 
vol.  3,  page  305,  of  the  English  Stud  Book,  this  mare  has  no 
foal  credited  for  1833.  Her  last  foal  was  to  Sultan,  in  1831, 
and  note  at  the  bottom  states  that  she  was  sent  to  Germany. 
1st  dambyWoful;  2d  dam  sister  to  Brandon  by  Benin  gbrough ; 
3d  dam  Miss  Tomboy  by  Highflyer ;  4th  dam  by  Shakespeare ; 
5th  dam  Barbara  by  Snap;  6th  dam  Miss  Vernon  by  Cade; 
7th  dam  sister  to  Sphister  by  Partner;  8th  dam  sister  to 
Squirrel's  dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  9tli  dam  by  Gre3'hound ; 
10th  dam  by  Makeless ;  11th  dam  by  Brimmer;  12th  dam  by 
Place's  White  Turk;  13th  dam  by  Dodsworth  ;  14th  dam  Lay- 
ton  Barb  mare. 

John"  Bull,  ch.  c,  foaled  1789,  by  Fortitude,  bred  by  Lord  Gros- 

venor,  imported  by .     1st  dam  Xantippe  (sister  to  Don 

Quixote)  by  Eclipse ;  2d  dam  Grecian  Princess  by  William's 
Forester ;  3d  dam  by  the  Coalition  Colt ;  4th  dam  by  Bustard. 

Jolly  Eogee  (in  the  EngHsli  Stud  Book,  Eoger  of  the  Vale),  ch.  c, 

foaled  1741,  bred  by  Mr.  Craddock,  imported  by .     He 

died  at  James  Belford's,  Greenville  county,  Va.,  in  1772,  aged 
31  years.  By  Eoundhead.  1st  dam  sister  to  Wllkie  mare  by 
Croft's  Partner ;  2d  dam  by  Woodcock ;  3d  dam  by  Croft's  Bay 
Barb;  4th  dam  by  Makeless ;  5th  dam  by  Brimmer;  Gth  dam 
by  Dicky  Pierson  ;  7th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Jonah,  b.  c,  foaled  1795,  by  Escape,  bred  by  Mr.  Baker;  imported 
by  Gov.  James  Turner,  of  North  Carolina,  who  transferred  him 
to  Mr.  Caleb  Bush,  about  1803.  1st  dam  Lavender  by  Herod; 
2d  dam  by  Snap ;  od  dam  Miss  Eoan  ( Sweet william's  dam)  by 
Cade ;  4th  dam  Madam  hj  Bloody  Buttocks ;  5th  dam  sister  to 
Matchem's  dam  by  Partner ;  6th  dam  by  Makeless ;  7th  dam 
by  Brimmer ;  8th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  9th  dam  by 
Dodsworth  ;  10th  dam  Laytou  Barlj  mare. 

JoRDON,  ch.  c,  foaled  1833,  by  Langar,  bred  by  the  Duke  of  Cleve- 
land, and  imported  in   18 — ,  by .     1st  dam  Matilda  by 

Comus;  2d  dam  Julianna  by  Gob  anna;  3d  dam  Platina  by 
Mercury;  4th  dam  by  Herod  ;  5th  dam  Young  Hag  by  Skim; 
Gth  dam  Hag  by  Crab;  7th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers;  8th  dam 
Ebony  by  Basto ;  9th  dam  Massey  mare  by  Mr.  Massey's  Black 
Barb. 


LIST  OF  IMPORTED   STALLIONS.  543 

Julius  Cj5:sae  (Mr.  Cross'),  bred  by  Mr.  Crofts,  foaled  1757.  By 
Young  Cade.  1st  dam  by  Snip;  2d  dam  by  Lonsdale  Ara- 
bian. 

Junius,  bl.  c,  foaled  1754,  by  Starling,  bred  by  Mr.  Williams ;  import- 
ed in  1759.  1st  dam  by  Crab;  2d  dam  by  Monkey  (brother  to 
Mixbury) ;  3d  dam  by  Basto;  4tli  dam  by  Ciirwen's  Bay  Barb ; 
5tli  dam  by  Curwen's  Spot ;  Gtli  dam  by  Wliite-legged  Lowtlier 
Barb ;  7tli  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Juniper,  b.  c,  foaled  1752,  by  Babraliam,  bred  by  Mr.  Gorges,  and 
imported  by  Col.  Syme,  of  Virginia,  in  1761.  1st  dam  Aura  by 
Stamford  Turk;  2d  dam  by  brother  to  Conqueror;  3d  dam 
sister  to  Snip  by  Childers;  4th  dam  sister  to  Soreheels  by 
Basto ;  5th  dam  sister  to  Mixbury  Galloway  by  Curwen's  Bay 
Barb ;  6th  dam  by  Curwen's  Spot ;  7th  dam  by  White-legged 
Lowther  Barl) ;  8tli  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Justice,  ch.  c,  said  to  have  been  foaled  in  1752,  by  Regulus,  bred 
by  William  Manby,  of  Gloucestershire,  England ;  imported  into 
Virginia.  We  find  Sweepstakes,  but  no  produce  given ;  likely 
a  correct  pedigree.  For  pedigree  of  Sweepstakes,  see  E.  S.  B., 
vol.  1,  page  433.  He  was  imported  into  Virginia,  and  stood  in 
Prince  George  county,  in  1761.  1st  dam  Duke  of  Bolton's 
Sweepstakes  by  Oxford's  Dun  Arabian ;  2d  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ; 
3d  dam  by  Basto. 

Justice,  b.  c,  foaled  1759,  by  Blank,  bred  by  Lord  Bolingbroke. 
1st  dam  Aura  by  Stamford  Turk ;  2d  dam  by  brother  to  Con- 
queror ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Snip  by  Childers ;  4th  dam  sister  to 
Soreheels  by  Basto ;  5tli  dam  by  the  Curwen  Bay  Barb ;  6th 
dam  by  Curwen's  Spot ;  7th  dam  by  White-legged  Lowther 
Barb  ;  8th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Justice,  b.  c,  foaled  1782,  bred  by  Mr.  Fenwicke ;  imported  into 
South  Carolina  by  Major  Butler.  By  Justice.  1st  dam  Miss 
Timms  by  Matchem  ;  2d  dam  by  Squirt ;  3d  dam  (Lot's  dam) 
by  Mogul ;  4th  dam  Camilla  by  Bay  Bolton ;  5th  dam  Old 
Lady  by  Pullein's  chestnut  Arabian  ;  6th  dam  by  Eockwood  ; 
7th  dam  by  Bustler. 

KiLTON,  ch.  c,  foaled  1831,  by  Figaro,  bred  by  Mr.  Eussel,  and  im- 
ported by  Thomas  H.  Perkins,  of  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1834.  The 
Stud  Book  states  that  this  colt  died  a  foal.  1st  dam  by  Black- 
lock  ;  2d  dam  Selina  by  Delpini ;  3d  dam  by  Beningbrough  ; 
4th  dam  by  Highflyer ;    5th  dam  Sincerity  by  Matchem ;  6tli 


544  THE  nOESE. 

dam  Papillon  by  Snap  ;  7tli  dam  Miss  Cleveland  by  Regulus  ; 
8th  dam  Midge  by  a  sou  of  Bay  Bolton  ;  9th  dam  1)y  Bartlett's 
Childcrs;  10th  dam  by  Honey  wood's  Arabian;  11th  dam,  dam 
of  the  two  True  Blues. 

KiKG  Ernest,  b.  c,  foaled  18G9,  bred  by  Sir  L.  Newman,  imported 
by  Mr.  D.  D.  Withers,  New  York.  By  King  Tom :  dam  Ernes- 
tine by  Touchstone ;  2d  dam  Lady  Geraldine  by  The  Colonel ; 
i  3d  dam  Nurse  by  Neptune  ;  4th  dam  Otis  by  Bustard  ;  5th  dam 
by  Election ;  Gth  dam  by  Highflyer ;  7th  dam  by  Eclipse ;  8th 
dam  Eosebud  by  Snap ;  9th  dam  Miss  Belsea  by  Eegulus ;  10th 
dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  11th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Ara- 
bian ;  12th  dam  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

King  of  Ctmry,  b.  c,  foaled  1847,  bred  by  Sir  W.  W.  Wynn ;  im- 
ported and  ow^ned  by  Capt.  McKinnon,  of  Wisconsin.  By 
Touchstone.  ]  st  dam  Merganser  by  Merchant ;  2d  dam  Shov- 
eler  by  Scud ;  3d  dam  Goosander  by  Hambletonian ;  4th  dam 
Rally  by  Trumpator;  5tli  dam  Fancy,  sister  to  Diomed  by 
Elorizel ;  Gth  dam  by  Spectator ;  7th  dam  by  Blank ;  8th  dam 
by  Childers;  9th  dam  Miss  Belvoir  by  Grey  Grantham ;  10th 
dam  by  Paget  Turk  ;  11th  dam  Betty  Percival  by  Leede's  Ara- 
bian ;  12th  dam  l:)y  Spanker. 

King  Hiram,  —  c,  foaled ,  by  Clay  Hall  (son  of  Clay  Hall 

Marske).  We  find  no  produce  of  Yarieo  or  Rockingham  mare, 
but  presume  the  pedigree  to  be  correct.  1st  dam  by  Rocking- 
ham ;  2d  dam  Yarieo  (dam  of  Little  Flyer)  by  Eclipse ;  3d 
dam  Fidget  by  Spectator ;  4tli  dam  Gaudy,  sister  to  Chrysolite 
by  Blank;  5tli  dam  by  Crab;  Gth  dam  by  Childers;  7th  dam 
Miss  Belvoir  by  Grey  Grantham ;  8th  dam  by  Paget  Turk;  9th 
dam  Betty  Percival  by  Leede's  Arabian ;  10th  dam  by  Spanker. 

King  William,  b.  c,  foaled  1777,  by  Herod,  bred  by  Mr.  A.  Smith, 
and  imported  by  Mr.  Skinner,  of  Hartford,  Conn.  1st  dam 
Madcap  by  Snap ;  2d  dam  Miss  Meredith  by  Cade ;  3d  dam 
Little  Hartley  mare  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  4th  dam  Flying 
Whig,  by  William's  Woodstock  Arabian  ;  5th  dam  by  St.  Vic- 
tor Barb  ;  Gth  dam  by  Why-not  (son  of  the  Fenwick  Barb) ; 
7th  dam  Royal  mare. 

King  William,  ch.  c,  foaled  1781,  by  Florizel,  bred  by  Mr.  Vernon, 
and  imported  by  Dr.  Norris,  Chester  county,  Pa.,  in  1795.  1st 
dam  Milliner  by  Match  em;  2d  dam  Cassandra  by  Blank;  3d 
dam  sister  to  Snip  by  Childers;  4tli  dam  sister  to  Soreheels  by 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    STALLIONS.  545' 

Basto ;  5th  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb  ;  Gtli  dam  by  Curwon's 
Spot ;  7th  dam  by  White-legged  Lowther  Barb  :  8th  dam  Old 
Vintner  mare. 

KxiGHT  OF  St.  George,  br,  c,  foaled  1851,  by  Irish  Birdcatcher, 
bred  by  Mr.  Disney,  and  imported  by  A.  Keene  Richards,  of 
Scott  county,  Ky.  1st  dam  Maltese  by  Hetmann  Platoff ;  2d 
dam  Water  Witch  by  Sir  Hercules  ;  3d  dam  Mary  Anne  by  Waxy 
Pope ;  4th  dam  Witch  by  Sorcerer ;  5th  dam  by  Precipitate ; 
6th  dam  Diddler's  dam  by  Highflyer ;  7th  dam  by  Goldlinder ; 
8th  dam  by  Lady  Bolingbroke  by  Squirrel ;  9th  dam  Herod's 
dam  by  Blaze ;  10th  dam  Selima  by  Bethell's  Arabian ;  11th 
dam  by  Graham's  Champion;  12th  dam  by  Barley's  Arabian; 
13  th  dam  by  Merlin. 

Kkowslet,  b.  c,  foaled  1795,  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  bred  by  Mr. 
Walker;  imported  into  Virginia,  1802,  by  William  Lightfoot. 
1st  dam  Capella  by  Herod ;  2d  dam  Miss  Cape  by  Regulus ;  od 
dam  Blackeyes  by  Crab ;  4th  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake ; 
5tli  dam  sister  to  Carlisle  gelding  by  Bald  Galloway ;  Gth  dam 
Wharton  mare  by  Lord  Carlisle's  Turk ;  7th  dam  by  Bald 
Galloway  ;  8th  dam  by  Bald  Galloway. 

KouLi  KHA]sr,  b.  c,  foaled  1772,  by  the  Vernon  Arabian,  bred  l^y 
Lord  March.  1st  dam  Rosemary  by  Blossom  ;  2d  dam  by  An- 
caster  Starling ;  3d  dam  by  Grasshopper ;  4th  dam  by  Sir  M. 
Newton's  Arabian ;  5tli  dam  by  Old  Pert ;  Gth  dam  by  St. 
Martin's ;  7th  dam  by  Sir  E.  Hale's  Turk ;  8th  dam  the  Old 
Field  mare. 

Langford,  br.  c,  foaled  1833,  by  Starch,  bred  by  Mr.  Corbin,  and 
imported  by  Com.  Stockton,  of  New  Jersey.  1st  dam  Peri  by 
Wanderer;  2d  dam  Thalestris  by  Alexander;  3d  dam  Rival  by 
Sir  Peter  Teazle  ;  4th  dam  Hornet  by  Drone  ;  5th  dam  Manilla 
by  Goldfinder ;  Gth  dam  Mr.  Goodrich's  Old  England  mare ; 
7th  dam  by  Cullen's  Arabian;  8tli  dam  Miss  Cade  by  Cade; 
9th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  a  son  of  Greyhound ;  10th  dam  by 
Partner;  11th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam  by  Woodcock;  12th  dam 
by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ;  13th  dam  Desdemona's  dam  by  Makeless ; 
14th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  15tli  dam  by  Dicky  Pierson  ;  1  Gth  dam 
Burton  Barb  mare. 

Lapdog,  b.  c,  foaled  1823,  by  Whalebone,  bred  by  Lord  Egremont, 
and  imported  hj  James  Jackson,  Alal)ama,  in  1835.  1st  dam 
by  Canopus ;  2d  dam  by  Young  Woodpecker ;  3d  dam  Frac- 
VoL.  I.— 35 


546  THE  nOKSE. 

tions  by  Mercury ;  4tli  dam  by  Woodpecker ;  5tli  dam  Ever- 
lasting ])y  Eclipse ;  Gtli  dam  Hya}na  by  Snap ;  7th  dam  Miss 
Belsea  by  Eegnlus ;  8th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  9th  dam 
Honoywood's  Arabian ;  lOtli  dam,  dam  of  the  tAvo  True  Blues. 

Lapidist,  b.  c,  foaled  1849,  by  Touchstone,  bred  by  Col.  Peel,  and 
imported  by  Mr.  John  Simpson  into  Canada,  in  1858 ;  now  the 
property  of  Philo  C.  Bush,  of  New  York.  1st  dam  lo  by  Tau- 
rus ;  2d  dam  Arethissa  by  Quiz ;  3d  dam  Persepolis  by  Alexan- 
der; 4th  dam  sister  to  Tickle  Toby  by  Alfred;  5th  dam  Caelia 
by  Herod;  Ctli  dam  Proserpine  (sister  to  Eclipse)  by  Marske; 
7th  dam  Spiletta  by  Eegulus;  8tli  dam  Mother  AVestern  by 
Smith's  son  of  Snake ;  9th  dam  by  D'Arcy's  Old  Montague ; 
10th  dam  by  Hautboy;  11th  dam  by  Brimmer. 

Lath,  bred  by  Mr.  Vernon,  foaled  1763,  by  Shepherd's  Crab,  and 
imported  (it  is  said)  by  James  Delancey,  of  New  York,  in  1768. 
He  could  not  have  been  imported  that  year,  as  he  ran  in  Eng- 
land in  1770,  at  Warwick.  Appears  in  the  Stud  Book,  vol.  1, 
page  57,  as  Protector.  1st  dam  Crazy  by  Lath;  2d  dam  by 
Childers ;  3d  dam  Basto  mare  (sister  to  Soreheels  by  Basto) ; 
4th  dam  sister  to  Mixbury  Galloway  by  Curwen  Bay  Barb;  5th 
dam  by  Curwen's  Spot;  6tli  dam  by  White-legged  Lowther 
Barb ;  7th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Lawtee,  The,  —  c,  foaled  1852,  bred  by  Mr.  Woffinden;  imported 
into  California  by  William  Hood,  Esq.,  1854.  By  Flatcatcher. 
1st  dam  Eoyalty  (first  called  Mrs.  Wright)  by  Bay  Middleton ; 
2d  dam  Hoyden  by  Tomboy ;  3d  dam  Eocbana  by  Velocipede ; 
4th  dam  Miss  Garforth  by  Walton ;  5tli  dam  by  Hyacinthus ; 
6th  dam  Zara  by  Delpini ;  7th  dam  Flora  by  King  Fergus ; 
8th  dam  Atalanta  by  Matchem  ;  9th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by 
Oroonoko  ;  10th  dam  by  Old  Traveler  ;  11th  dam  Miss  Makeless 
by  Young  Greyhound ;  12th  dam  by  Old  Partner ;  13th  dam  by 
Woodcock ;  14th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ;  15th  dam  Desde- 
mona's  dam  by  Makeless ;  16th  dam  by  Brimmer;  17th  dam' 
by  Dicky  Pierson  ;  18th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Leamikgton",  br.  c,  foaled  1853 ;  bred  by  Mr.  Halford,  of  England ; 
imported  by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  Clifton,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y. ; 
sired  by  Faugh -a-Ballagh.  1st  dam  by  Pataloon;  2d  dam 
Daphne  by  Laurel ;  3d  dam  Maid  of  Honor  by  Champion  ;  4th 
dam  Etiquette  by  Orville ;  5th  dam  Boadecia  by  Alexander ; 
6th  dam  Brunette  by  Amaranthus;  7th  dam  Mayfly  by 
Matchem ;  8th  dam  by  Ancaster  Starling ;  9th  dam  l^y  Grass^ 


LIST    OF    IMPOKTED    STALLIONS.  54? 

hopper;  10th  clam  by  Sir  M.  Newton's  Arabian;  11th  dam  by 
Pert ;  12th  dam  by  St.  Martin's ;  13th  dam  by  Sir  E.  Hale's 
Arabian ;  14th  dam  the  Old  Field  mare. 

Leviathak  (formerly  called  Mezereon),  ch.  c,  foaled  1823,  bred  by 
Painter,  and  imported  by  James  Jackson  &  Co.,  into  Alabama, 
1830.     By  Muley.     1st  dam  by  Windle;  2d  dam  by  Anvil ;  3 
dam  Virago  (Sal tram's  dam)  by  Snap;  4th  dam  by  Regnluf 
5th  dam  sister  to  Black-and-all-Black  by  Crab  ;  6tli  dam  Mk 
Slammerkin  by  Young  True  Blue ;  7th  dam  by  Oxford  Ara- 
bian ;  8  th  dam  Miss  D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Eoyal  mare. 

Light  Ixfantrt,  bred  by  Eichard  Gulston,  of  Clandon,  in  Surrey, 
England.  We  give  his  pedigree  as  found  in  Edgar.  By 
Eclipse  (foaled  1779).  See  E.  R.  C.  for  1783,  page  154.  let 
dam  by  Feather ;  2d  dam  by  Childers ;  3d  dam  by  Partner ; 
4th  dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  5th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  Gth 
dam  by  Makeless;  7th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  8th  dam  by  Place's 
White  Turk ;  9th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

LocHiEL,  b.  c,  foaled  1856,  bred  by ;  imported  by  E.  W. 

Cameron,  Esq.  By  Sweetmeat.  1st  dam  The  Mitre  by  Cowl ; 
2d  dam  Eed  Eose  by  Eubini ;  3d  dam  Sweetbriar  by  Sultan ; 
4th  dam  Antiope  by  Whalebone  ;  5th  dam  Amazon  by  Driver; 
6th  dam  Fractious  by  Mercury ;  7th  dam  by  Woodpecker  ;  8tli 
dam  Everlasting  by  Eclipse ;  9th  dam  Hyania  by  Snap ;  10th 
dam  Miss  Belsea  by  Eegulus;  11th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers; 
12th  dam  by  Honey  wood's  Arabian  ;  13th  dam  Byerly  marc, 
dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Lofty  (first  called  Deputy),  b.  c,  foaled  1753,  by  Godolphin  Ara- 
bian, bred  by  Mr.  Panton.  He  stood  at  Thomas  Good's,  Ches- 
terfield county,  Virginia,  in  1762.  1st  dam  Spinster  (the  Wid- 
dington  mare)  by  Partner;  2d  dam  sister  to  Squirrel's  dam  by 
Bloody  Buttocks ;  3d  dam  by  Greyhound ;  4th  dam  by  Make- 
less;  5th  dam  by  Brimmer;  6th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ; 
7th  dam  by  Dodsworth ;  8th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Loftt,  h.,  by  Snap ;  was  imported  into  South  Carolina,  and  stood 
at  Mr.  Arthur  Middleton's,  on  Ashley  Eiver,  in  1772. 

LoNGWAiSTE,  b.  c,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  Nowell ;  imported  by 
Capt.  W.  J.  Minor,  Mississippi.  By  Longwaiste :  dam  by  Mu- 
ley; 2d  dam  Lady  Ern  by  Stamford;  3d  dam  by  Trumpator; 
4th  dam  Demiremp  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  Brim  by  Squirrel ; 
6th  dam  Helen  by  Blank ;  7th  dam  by  Crab ;  8th  dam  sister  to 
Partner. 


548  THE    nOESE. 

Lonsdale,  b.  c,  by  Jolly  Eoger  (son  of  the  Gower  stallion  in  Eng- 
land). We  give  liis  pedigree  as  found  in  American  Turf  Eegis- 
ter,  which  states  that  Lonsdale  and  his  dam  were  both  imported 
into  Virginia.  1st  dam  by  Monkey  ;  2d  dam  Lonsdale's  black 
Arabian ;  3d  dam  Lonsdale's  bay  Arabian ;  4tli  dam  by  Coney- 
skins  ;  5tii  dam  by  Dodsworth  ;  Gtli  dam  D'Arcy's  Royal  mare. 

LuDFOED,  ch.  c,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  F.  R.  Price ;  imported  1839. 
By  Wamba.  Know  nothing  of  him  in  America.  1st  dam  Idalia 
by  Peruvian ;  2d  dam  Musidora  by  Meteor  ;  3d  dam  Maid  of 
All  Work  by  Highflyer ;  4tb  dam  by  Sj^Dhon ;  5th  dam  hj 
Regulus ;  Gth  dam  by  Snip ;  7th  dam  by  Cottingham ;  Sth  dam 
Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake. 

LuECHEE,  b.  c,  foaled  1832,  by  Greyleg,  bred  by  Mr.  Mills ;  im- 
ported by  A.  J.  Davie,  Esq.,  North  Carolina.  1st  dam  Harpa- 
lice  by  Gohanna;  2d  dam  Amazon  by  Driver;  3d  dam  Frac- 
tious by  Mercury;  4tli  dam  by  Woodpecker ;  5th  dam  Ever- 
lasting by  Eclipse ;  6th  dam  Hyc^na  by  Snap ;  7tli  dam  Miss 
Belsea  by  Regulus ;  8th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  9tli  dam 
by  Honeywood's  Arabian;  lOtli  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True 
Blues. 

LuzBOEOTJGH,  br.  c,  foaled  1820,  by  AVilliamson's  Ditto,  bred  by  Mr. 
Meynell,  and  imported  into  Virginia,  1832,  by  Messrs.  Avery, 
Merritfc  &  Townes.  Died  in  Georgia,  1840.  1st  dam  by  Dick 
Andrews ;  2d  dam  Eleanor  by  Whiskey ;  3d  dam  Young  Gi- 
antess (dam  of  Sorcerer)  by  Diomed;  4tli  dam  Giantess  by 
Matchem ;  5tli  dam  Molly  Longlegs  by  Babraham ;  6th  dam 
by  Cole's  Foxhunter ;  7th  dam  by  Partner ;  8th  dam  sister  to 
Roxana  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  9th  dam  sister  to  Chanter  by 
Ancaster  Turk;  lOtli  dam  by  Leede's  Arabian ;  11th  dam  by 
Spanker. 

Ltcltegus,  ch.  c,  foaled  1767  by  Blank,  bred  by  the  Duke  of  An- 
caster. Lycurgus  was  full  brother  to  the  imported  mare, 
Bonny  Lass.  1st  dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Snip ;  2d  dam  by  Lath ; 
3d  dam  by  Eastby  Snake;  4tli  dam  Grey  Wilkes  (sister  to 
Clumsy)  by  Hautboy. 

Magic,  ch.  c,  foaled  1794,  by  Volunteer,  bred  by  Lord  Sackville, 
and  imported  by  Gov.  James  Turner,  of  Warren  county,  N.  C. 
1st  dam  Marcella  by  Mambrino ;  2d  dam  Medea  by  Sweetbriar; 
3d  dam  Angelica  by  Snap ;  4th  dam  by  Regulus ;  5th  dam  by 
Bartlett's  Childers;  6th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian;  7th 
dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 


LIST    OF    IMPOKTED    STALLIOKS.  549 

Magn"etic  Needle,  b.  c,  foaled  1787,  by  Magnet;  imported  from 
England,  December,  1793.  This  horse  stood  near  Trenton, 
N.  J.,  in  1794.  1st  dam  sister  to  dam  of  Enphrosjne  and  Tha- 
lia by  Sweetbriar ;  2d  dam  Rarity  by  Matcliem ;  3d  dam  Snap- 
dragon by  Snap ;  4tli  dam  by  Eegulus ;  5th  dam  by  Bartlett's 
Childers;  6th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian;  7th  dam,  dam 
of  the  two  True  Blues. 

MAGiSrtJM  BoisruM,  r.  c,  foaled  1773,  by  Matchem,  bred  by  Mr. 
Bethell,  and  imported  by  Freeman  Kelborn,  of  Hartford,  Conn. 
1st  dam  by  Swift;  2d  dam  by  Eegulus;  3d  dam  Dairy  Maid 
by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  4th  dam  Bay  Brocklesby  by  Partner ;  5th 
dam  by  Greyhound ;  Cth  dam  by  Brocklesby  Betty  by  Cur- 
Aven's  Bay  Barb ;  7th  dam  Leede's  Hobby  mare  by  the  Lister 
Turk. 

Manfred,  b.  c,  foaled  1796,  by  Woodpecker,  bred  by  Lord  Egre- 
mont ;  imported  by  Col.  John  Hoomes,  of  Virginia,  and  there 
died.  1st  dam  by  Mercury  (sister  to  Mother  Bunch) ;  2d  dam  by 
Highflyer ;  3d  dam  by  Snap ;  4th  dam  Miss  Middleton  by  Eeg- 
ulus ;  5th  dam  Camilla  by  a  son  of  Bay  Bolton ;  6tli  dam  by 
Bartlett's  Childers;  7th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian;  8tli 
dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Maistgo,  br.  c,  foaled  1834,  by  Emilius,  bred  by  Mr.  Greyille,  owned 
in  1860  by  J.  &  A.  Bathgate,  Morrisania,  !N".  Y.  1st  dam  Mus- 
tard by  Merlin ;  2d  dam  Morel  by  Sorcerer ;  3d  dam  Hornby 
Lass  by  Buzzard;  4tli  dam  Puzzle  by  Matchem;  5th  dam 
Princess  by  Herod ;  6th  dam  Julia  by  Blank ;  7th  dam  Spec- 
tatoi-'s  dam  by  Partner ;  8th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton  (Bonny  Lass) ; 
9  th  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian  ;  10th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk ; 
11th  dam  by  Taffolet  Barb ;  12th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ; 
13th  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Margeave,  c.  c,  foaled  1829,  by  Muley,  bred  by  Mr.  Dilley,  and 
imported  in  1835,  by  Merritt  &  Co.,  of  Virginia.  1st  dam  by 
Election ;  2d  dam  Fair  Helen  by  Hambletouian ;  3d  dam 
Helen  by  Delpini ;  4th  dam  Eosalind  by  Phenomenon ;  5th 
dam  Atalanta  by  Matchem ;  6th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroo- 
noko ;  7th  dam  by  Old  Traveler ;  8th  dam  Miss  Makcless  by 
Young  Greyhound ;  9th  dam  by  Old  Partner ;  10th  dam  Lamb- 
ton's  Miss  Doe's  dam  by  Woodcock;  lltli  dam  by  Croft's  Bay 
Barb ;  12th  dam  Desdemona's  dam  by  Makeless  ;  13th  dam  by 
Brimmer ;  14th  dam  by  Dicky  Pierson  ;  15th  dam  Burton  Barb 
mare. 


550  THE  HORSE. 

Marplot,  foaled  ,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  Lord  Elington ;  im- 
ported into  South  CaroHna.  1st  dam  by  Omar;  2d  dam  by 
Godolphiu  Arabian ;  3d  dam  Blossom  by  Crab ;  4th  dam  bv 
Childers ;  5tli  dam  Miss  Belvoir  by  Grey  Grantham  ;  6th  dam 
by  Paget  Turk ;  7tli  dam  Betty  Percival  by  Leedc's  Arabian ; 
8th  dam  by  Spanker. 

Mask,  an  English  horse,  by  Young  Babraham,  dam  by  Old  Cade, 
with  a  pedigree  running  to  the  Curwen  Bay  Barb,  was  imiJorted 
into  South  Carolina,  and  stood  on  the  San  tee  in  1771. 

Master  Robert,  ch.  c,  foaled  1793,  by  Star,  bred  by  Col.  Hamil- 
ton. 1st  dam  by  Young  Marske  ;  2d  dam  Gentle  Kitty's  dam 
by  Dorimond ;  3d  dam  Portia  by  Regulus  ;  4th  dam  by  Spot ; 
5th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  6th  dam  by  Fox  Cub ;  7th  dam  by 
Coneyskins;  8th  dam  by  Hutton's  Grey  Barb;  9th  dam  by 
Eoyal  Colt;  10th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk;  11th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Matchem,  b.  c,  foaled  1773,  by  Matchem,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor, 
and  imported  into  South  Carolina  by  Mr.  Gibbs.  1st  dam  Lady 
by  Sweepstakes ;  2d  dam,  dam  of  Shuttle  and  S}^3hon  by 
Patriot ;  3d  dam  by  Crab ;  4th  dam  sister  to  Sloven  by  Bay 
Bolton;  5tli  dam  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  6th  dam  by  Sj^ot ;  7th 
dam  by  White-legged  Lowther  Barb;  8th  dam  Old  Vintner 
mare. 

Matchem,  —  c,  foaled  ,  imported  into  South  Carolina  by  Mr. 

Pen  wick.  By  Bosphorus.  1st  dam  by  Villager ;  2d  dam  by 
Cullen  Arabian ;  3d  dam  Blackeyes  by  Eegulus ;  4th  dam 
Routh's  Blackeyes  by  Crab ;  5th  dam  "Warlock  Galloway  by 
Snake  ;  6tli  dam  sister  to  Carlisle  gelding  by  Bald  Galloway ; 
7th  dam  Wharton  mare  by  Lord  Carlisle's  Turk ;  8th  dam  by 
Bald  Galloway ;  9th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk. 

Matchless,  b.  c,  foaled  1754,  by  Godolphin  Arabian,  bred  by  Mr. 
Panton,  and  imported  into  South  Carolina.  1st  dam  by  Sore- 
heels  ;  2d  dam  the  dam  of  Hartley's  blind  horse  by  Makeless ; 
3d  dam  Christopher  D'Arcy's  Eoyal  mare. 

Medley,  g.  c,  foaled  1776,  by  Gimcrack,  bred  by  Mr.  Medley,  and 
imported  into  Virginia  about  1783  or  '4,  in  the  ship  Theodor- 
ick,  Capt.  McNabb,  by  Malcolm  Hart,  and  afterwards  called 
Hart's  Medley.  Medley  was  sold  by  Mr.  Hart  to  James  Wil- 
kinson, of  Southampton  county,  Va.,  and  died  his  property  at 
the  Milbrook  Plantation,  Southampton  county,  on  the  Mechanic 
river,  of  colic,  in  1792.     1st  dam  Arminda  by  Snap;  2d  dam 


LIST   OF   IMPORTED   STALLIOXS.  551 

Miss  Cleveland  by  Eegulns ;  3d  dam  by  Midge  (by  a  son  of 
Bay  Bolton) ;  4tli  dam  by  Bartlett's  Cliilders ;  5tli  dam  by 
Honeywood's  Arabian  ;  6tli  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Mendoza,  b.  c,  foaled  1788,  by  Javelin,  bred  by  Mr.  Broadhurst. 
1st  dam  by  Paymaster;  2d  dam  Pomona  by  Herod;  3d  dam 
Caroline  by  Snap ;  4tb  dam  by  Eegulus  ;  5tli  dam  by  Hip  ;  Gtli 
dam  Babraham's  dam  by  Hartley's  blind  horse ;  7th  dam  Fly- 
ing Whig  by  Williams'  Woodstock  Arabian ;  8th  dam  by  St. 
Victor  Barb ;  9tli  dam  by  Why-not  (son  of  the  Fenwick  Barb) ; 
10th  dam  Koyal  mare. 

Mercek,  br.  c,  foaled  1836,  by  Emilius,  bred  by  His  Majesty,  and 
imported  by  Capt.  E.  F.  Stockton,  New  Jersey.  1st  dam 
Young  Mouse  by  Godolphin ;  2d  dam  Mouse  by  Sir  Richard ; 
3d  dam  Louisa  by  Ormand;  4th  dam  Evelina  (Orville  dam)  by 
Highflyer ;  5th  dam  Termagant  by  Tantrum  ;  6tli  dam  Canta- 
trice  by  Sampson ;  7th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  8th  dam  Marske's 
dam  by  Blacklegs ;  9th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton  ;  lOtli  dam  by  Fox 
Cub;  11th  dam  by  Coneyskins;  12th  dam  by  Hutton's  Grey 
Barb ;  13th  dam  by  Hutton's  Eoyal  Colt ;  14th  dam  by  Byerly 
Turk;  15th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Merman",  br.  c,  foaled  1826,  by  Whalebone,  bred  by  Mr.  Payne, 
and  imported  by  Merritt  &  Co.  into  Virginia,  1835.  1st  dam 
Mermaid  by  Orville ;  2d  dam  by  Sir  Solomon ;  3d  dam  Miss 
Brim  by  Highflyer;  4th  dam  Brim  by  Squirrel;  5tli  dam 
Helen  by  Blank;  6th  dam  by  Crab;  7tli  dam  sister  to  Partner 
by  Jigg ;  8th  dam  sister  to  Mixbury  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ; 
9tli  dam  by  Old  Spot;  lOtli  dam  by  White-legged  Lowther 
Barb;  11th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Merrtfield,  br.  c,  foaled  1808,  by  Cockfighter,  bred  by  Mr. 
Jaques;  imported  into  Virginia  in  1816,  by  Mr.  Dunlop,  of 
London,  formerly  of  Petersburgh,  Va.  1st  dam  by  Star ;  2d 
dam  by  Young  Marske ;  3d  dam  Emma  by  Telemachus ;  4th 
dam  A  la  Grecque  by  Eegulus ;  5th  dam  by  Allworthy ;  6tli 
dam  by  Bolton  Starling;  7th  dam  Dairy  Maid  by  Bloody  But- 
tocks ;  8th  dam  Bay  Brocklesby  by  Partner ;  9th  dam  Brock- 
lesby  by  Greyhound;  10th  dam  Brocklesby  Betty  by  Curwen's 
Bay  Barb ;  11th  dam  Leede's  Hobby  mare  by  the  Lister  Turk. 

Merry  Pintle,  g.  c,  foaled  1752,  by  Old  England.  We  cannot 
find  this  colt.  1st  dam  by  Old  Merry  Pintle  ;  2d  dam  by  Skip 
Jack ;  3d  dam  daughter  of  Hackwood. 


552  THE    nOESE. 

Meket  Tom,  b.  c,  foaled  1759,  by  Regulns,  bred  by  Wm.  Parker, 
Newcastle,  England.  He  stood,  in  17G6,  in  Prince  George 
county,  Virginia.  1st  dam  by  Locust;  2d  dam  by  a  son  of 
Flying  Childers;  3d  dam  by  Croft's  Partner;  4th  dam  by  Croft's 
Bay  Barb  ;  5th  dam  by  Makeless  ;  6tli  dam  by  Brimmer ;  7tli 
dam  by  Dicky  Pierson ;  8th  dam  Burton's  Barb  mare. 

Messenger,  g.  c,  foaled  1780,  by  Mambrino,  bred  by  John  Pratt, 
and  died  the  property  of  Cornelius  W.  Van  Rantz,  of  IST-ew 
York,  in  1808,  aged  28  years.  1st  dam  by  Turf;  2d  dam  sister 
to  Figurante  by  Regulus;  3d  dam  by  Starling;  4th  dam 
Snap's  dam  by  Fox ;  5th  dam  Gipsey  by  Bay  Bolton ;  6th  dam 
by  Duke  of  Newcastle's  Turk ;  7th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk ;  8th 
dam  by  TafiFolet  Barb;  9th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  10th 
dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Meteor,  br.  c,  foaled  18G9 ;  imported  in  his  mother's  belly  by  Mr. 
A.  Belmont,  1868.  By  Adamas :  dam  imported  Beautiful  Star 
by  Weatherbit  (which  see). 

Meux,  b.  c,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  W.  Eichardson ;  imported 
into  Canada  by  Mr.  William  Chapman,  1836.  By  Young 
Phantom.  1st  dam  by  Cerberus ;  2d  dam  Diana  by  Kill 
Devil ;  3d  dam  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4th  dam  Maid  of  All  Work  by 
Highflyer ;  5th  dam  sister  to  Tandem  by  Syphon ;  6th  dam  by 
Eegulus  ;  7th  dam  by  Snip  ;  8th  dam  by  Cottingham ;  9th  dam 
Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake ;  10th  dam  sister  to  Carlisle  Geld- 
ing by  the  Bald  Galloway. ' 

Mexicajst,  b.  c,  foaled  1775,  by  Snap,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor.  1st 
dam  Matchem  Middleton  by  Matchem;  2d  dam  Miss  Middleton 
by  Eegulus ;  3d  dam  Camilla  by  a  son  of  Bay  Bolton ;  4th 
dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  5  th  dam  by  Honey  wood's  Ara- 
bian ;  6th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Mickey  Feee,  br.  c,  foaled  1841,  bred  by  Mr.  G.  Knox ;  imported 
by  Ohio  Importing  Co. ;  owned  by  A.  Keene  Eichards,  Esq., 
Scott  county,  Ky.  By  Irish  Birdcatcher.  1st  dam  Annie  (late 
Colly)  by  Wanderer ;  2d  dam  Caroline  by  Whalebone ;  3d  dam 
Marianne  by  Mufti ;  4th  dam  Maria  by  Telemachus  ;  5tli  dam 
A  la  Grecque  by  Eegulus ;  6th  dam  by  Allworthy ;  7tli  dam 
by  Bolton  Starling;  8tli  dam  Dairy  Maid  by  Bloody  Buttocks; 
9th  dam  Bay  Brocklesby  by  Old  Partner ;  10th  dam  Brocklesby 
by  Greyhound ;  lltli  dam  Brocklesby  Betty  liy  Curwen's  Bay 
Barb ;  12tli  dam  Mr.  Leede's  Hobby  mare  by  Lister  Turk. 


LIST    or    IMPORTED    STALLIOKS.  553 

MoLOCK,  b.  c,  foaled  1838 ;  imported  in  his  mother's  belly  by  E.  H. 
Boardman,  Esq.,  Alabama.  By  Muley  Molock :  dam  Tenier's 
mare,  sister  to  Puss,  by  Teniers.     (See  imported  Teniers  mare.) 

MoNAECH,  —  c,  foaled ,  by  "Wentworth's  Ancaster.     Monarch 

was  a  full  brother  to  Eepublicau.  We  cannot  find  him  either 
in  Stud  Book  or  Calendar;  he  stood  at  Norfolk,  Va.,  in  1795. 
1st  dam  by  Old  Royal;  2d  dam  by  Chaugeliug;  3d  dam  by 
Bethel's  Arabian. 

Monarch,  b.  c,  foaled  1834,  by  imported  Priam,  bred  by  His 
Majesty  King  William  IV,  at  Hampton  Court,  and  imported 
by  Col.  Wade  Hampton,  of  South  Carolina,  in  1835.  1st  dam 
imported  Delphine  by  Whisker ;  2d  dam  My  Lady  by  Comus ; 
3d  dam  the  Colonel's  dam  by  Delpini ;  4th  dam  Tipple  Cyder 
by  King  Fergus ;  5th  dam  Sylvia  by  Youug  Marske  ;  6th  dam 
Ferret  by  a  brother  to  Silvio ;  7th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  8th  dam 
by  Lord  Morton's  Arabian ;  9th  dam  by  Mixbury ;  10th  dam 
by  Mulso  Bay  Barb;  11th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton;  12th  dam  by 
Coneyskins ;  13th  dam  by  Hutton's  Grey  Barb ;  14th  dam  by 
Byerly  Turk;  15th  dam  by  Bustler. 

MoKKEY  (Lord  Lonsdale's),  foaled  1725  by  Lord  Lonsdale's  Bay 
Arabian,  and  imported  by  Nathaniel  Harrison,  of  Brandon,  Va., 
at  22  years  of  age,  in  1747;  he  died  in  1754.  1st  dam  by  Cur- 
wen's  Bay  Barb ;  2d  dam  by  Byerly  Turk ;  3d  dam  an  Arabian 
mare. 

MoRDECAi,  b.  c,  foaled  1833,  by  Lottery,  bred  by  Sir  E.  W.  Bulke- 
ley;  imported  into  Tennessee.  1st  dam  Miss  Thomasina  by 
Welbeck;  2d  dam  Thomasina  by  Tomboy;  3d  dam  Violet  by 
Shark ;  4th  dam  by  Syphon ;  5th  dam  Charlotte  by  Blank ; 
6th  dam  by  Crab;  7th  dam  by  Dyer's  Dimple;  8tli  dam  by 
Why-not ;  9th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

MoRO,  —  c,  foaled  about  1759;  imported  into  South  Carolina  and 
owned  in  17G9  by  Mr.  Henry  Drayton.  By  Moro  (son  of  the 
Bolton  Starling).  1st  dam  by  Eegulus ;  2d  dam  by  Eib ;  3d 
dam  by  Partner;  4th  dam  by  Greyhound;  5th  dam  by  Cur- 
wen's  Bay  Barb. 

MoRWiCK  Ball,  ch.  c,  foaled  1762,  by  Eegulus,  bred  by  Mr.  Ve vers, 
and  imported  into  Virginia.  1st  dam  by  Traveler ;  2d  dam  by 
Hartley's  blind  horse. 

MoRVEi<r,  ch.  c,  foaled  1836,  by  imported  Eowton,  bred  by  His 
Majesty,  and  imported  by  Capt.  E.  F.  Stockton,  of  New  Jersey. 


554  THE    HOKSE. 

1st  dam  Nanine  (dam  of  Glaucus)  by  Selim;  2d  dam  Bizarre 
by  Peruyian ;  3d  dam  Violante  by  John  Bull ;  4th  dam  sister 
to  Skyscraper  by  Highflyer;  5th  dam  Everlasting  by  Eclipse; 
Gtli  dam  Hyena  by  Snap ;  7tli  dam  Miss  Belsea  by  Eegulus ; 
8tli  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  9th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Ara- 
bian ;  10th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Mosco,  br.  c,  foaled  1746,  by  Cullen's  Arabian,  bred  by  Mr.  Wil- 
liams. 1st  dam  by  Starling;  2d  dam  by  Partner ;  3d  dam  by 
Makeless;  4th  dam  by  Brimmer;  5th  dam  by  Place's  White 
Turk ;  6th  dam  by  Dodsworth ;  7th  dam  Lay  ton  Barb  mare. 

Mousetrap,  b.  c,  foaled  1771,  by  Careless,  ran  by  Mr.  Wentworth. 
He  was  imported  into  Virginia  about  1778  by  Capt.  Belcher, 
and  sold  by  him  to  Col.  John  Dawson,  of  Scotland  Neck,  Hali- 
fax county,  N.  C.  (See  English  Eacing  Calender  for  1777,  page 
166.)  1st  dam  by  Eegulus;  2d  dam  by  Liberty;  3d  dam  by 
Cade. 

Mousetrap  (Jack  Eapp),  cli.  c,  foaled  1787,  by  Young  Marske, 
bred  by  Mr.  Hutton,  and  imported  into  Virginia.  1st  dam 
Gentle  Kitty  by  Silvio ;  2d  dam  by  Dorimond ;  3d  dam  Portia 
by  Eegulus ;  4th  dam  by  Hutton's  Spot ;  5th  dam  by  Fox  Cub ; 
6th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton;  7tli  dam  by  Coneyskins;  8th  dam 
Hutton's  Grey  Barb ;  9tli  dam  by  Byerly  Turk. 

Mufti,  b.  c,  foaled  1783,  by  Fitz  Herod,  bred  by  Mr.  Mann,  and 
imported  by  Col.  John  Tayloe,  of  Virginia,  in  1801.  1st  dam 
by  Infant ;  2d  dam  by  Whittiugton ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Black- 
and-all-Black  by  Crab;  4tli  dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by  Young 
True  Blue ;  5th  dam  by  Lord  Oxford's  Dun  Arabian ;  6tli  dam 
D'Arcy's  Eoyal  mare. 

ISTative,  ch.  c,  foaled  1836;  imported  in  his  mother's  belly,  by 
Capt.  W.  J.  Minor,  Mississippi.  By  The  Saddler :  dam  imji. 
JS'ovelty  by  Blacklock.     (See  imp.  Novelty.) 

Nicholas,  colt,  foaled  1835 ;  imported  witli  his  dam  by  Mr.  E.  D. 
Shepherd,  Virginia.  By  Eng.  St.  Nicholas:  dam  imp.  Miss 
Eose  by  Tramp.     (See  imp.  Miss  Eose.) 

NiMROD,  b.  c,  foaled ,  by  King  Fergus,  bred  by  Edward  Thom- 
son, of  Yorkshire,  England,  and  imported  by  Dr.  James  Tate, 
of  PhiladeliDhia,  in  1788.  We  cannot  find  this  colt  in  English 
Stud  Book.  1st  dam  by  Eclipse ;  2d  dam  by  Markse ;  3d  dam 
by  Fortitude ;  4th  dam  by  Matchem. 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    STALLIOKS.  555 

Noble,  —  c,  bred  in  South  Carolina ;  by  imported  Brutus.  lie 
ran  successfully  up  to  1767.  There  was  prior  to  the  late  civil 
war  a  tankard  in  possession  of  the  Matthews  family,  won  by 
him.  1st  dam  imp.  by  Squirt;  2d  dam  by  Starling;  3d  dam 
by  Bethel's  Arabian ;  4tli  dam  by  Champion  ;  5th  dam  by 
Darley's  Arabian. 

Nonpareil,  imiDorted  into  South  Carolina,  17G2;  was  quite  a 
famous  horse.  Stood,  the  year  of  his  importation,  at  Mr.  Dan- 
iel Huger's,  St.  John's  Parish,  at  £20. 

NoiSTPLUS,  b.  c,  foaled  1824,  by  Catton,  bred  by  Mr.  W.  Armitage, 
and  imported  by  Col.  Singleton  into  Charleston,  S.  C,  in  1834. 
He  died  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  in  1843.  1st  dam  Miss  Grarfortli 
by  Walton ;  2d  dam  by  Hyacintlius ;  3d  dam  Zara  by  Delpini ; 
4th  dam  Flora  by  King  Fergus;  5th  dam  Atlanta  byMatchem; 
6th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko;  7th  dam  by  Old 
Traveler;  8th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young  Gre3'hound; 
9th  dam  by  Old  Partner ;  10th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam  by  Wood- 
cock ;  11th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb;  12th  dam  Desdemona's 
dam  by  Makeless ;  13tli  dam  by  Brimmer ;  14tli  dam  by  Dicky 
Pierson  ;  loth  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

North  Brittox,  br.  c,  foaled ,  by  Alcock's  Arabian;  imported 

into  Virginia  by  James  Baird,  of  Greencroft,  near  Petersburgh. 
We  cannot  find  this  colt  in  English  Stud  Book.  1st  dam  by 
Northumberland  Arabian ;  2d  dam  by  Hartley's  blind  horse. 

North  Star,  b.  c,  foaled  in  17G8,  by  Matchem,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Pen- 
nyman.  1st  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko ;  2d  dam  by 
Traveler ;  3d  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young  Greyhound ;  4th 
dam  sister  to  Wilkie's  mare  by  Partner ;  5tli  dam  Miss  Doe's 
dam  by  Woodcock ;  6th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ;  7th  dam 
Desdemona's  dam  by  Makeless;  8th  dam  by  Brimmer;  0th  dam 
by  Dicky  Pierson ;  lOtli  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Northumberland,  gi*.  c,  foaled  17 — ,  by  Bustard,  bred  by  Lord 
Mazarine,  and  imported  with  his  full  sister.  Lady  Northumber- 
land, into  America  (it  is  said)  by  a  Mr.  Crow.  He  is  not  in 
English  Stud  Book.  He  stood  in  Philadelphia  in  1768,  and 
ran  there  in  1767,  and  Avas  defeated  by  Mr.  Galloway's  Selim. 
1st  dam  by  Crab ;  2d  dam  by  Babraham. 

OBEROif,  b.  c,  foaled  (it  is  said)  1805,  by  Oberon.  We  see  that 
Sweepstakes'  mare  produced  the  dam  of  Oberon,  but  no  foals 
of  this  mare  are  given ;  we  think  the  following  correct.     1st 


556  THE    nOESE. 

dam  by  Rantlios;  2cl  clam  by  Turner  Sweepstakes;  3d  dam 
sister  to  Hntton's  Careless  by  Regulus ;  4tli  dam  Silvertail  by 
Heneage's  Whitenose ;  5th  dam  by  Eattlc ;  Cth  dam  by  Dar- 
ley's  Arabian ;  7tli  dam  Old  Child  mare  by  Sir  T.  Gresley's  Bay 
Arabian;  8tli  dam  Mr.  Cook's  Vixen  by  the  Helmsley  Turk; 
9th  dam  Dodsworth  dam  (Eoyal  mare). 
Obscueity,  ch.  c,  foaled  1777,  by  Eclipse,  ran  by  Lord  Milford,  and 
imported  into  Virginia  in  1784.  1st  dam  by  Careless ;  2d  dam 
by  Cullen  Arabian  ;  3d  dam  by  North  Country  Diamond ;  4th 
dam  by  Sir  J.  Harpier's  Barb ;  5th  dam  Old  Child  mare  by  Sir 
T.  Gresley's  Bay  Arabian ;  Gth  dam  Mr.  Cook's  Vixen  by  the 
Helmsley  Turk ;  7th  dam  Eoyal  mare  dam  of  Dodsworth. 

O'Kelly,  -^  c,  foaled  1794,  by  Anvil,  bred  by ,  and  believed 

to  have  been  imported  by  Col.  John  Tayloe,  of  Virginia.  We 
find  no  j)roduce  of  the  Eclipse  mare ;  balance  of  j)edigree  cor- 
rect, and  presume  it  is  all  so.  1st  dam  by  Eclipse ;  3d  dam 
sister  to  Aurelius  by  Blank ;  3d  dam  Bay  Snip  by  Snip  ;  4th 
dam  by  Godolphin  Arabian ;  5tli  dam  Frampton's  Whiteneck 
by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  6th  dam  by  Old  Spot;  7th  dam  by 
White-legged  Lowther  Barb ;  8th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Old  England,  b.  c,  foaled ,  by .    We  cannot  find  this 

colt.  He  ran  with  Selim  and  Northumberland  at  Philadelphia, 
in  October,  17G7.  (See  American  Turf  Eegister,  vol.  1,  page 
17.) 

Onus,  br.  c,  foaled  1834,  by  Camel,  bred  by  Mr.  Wright ;  imported 
by  Col.  Chas.  Oakley,  Illinois.  1st  dam  The  Etching  by  Eu- 
bens ;  2d  dam  Lamas  by  Gohanna ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Chester 
by  Sir  Peter  Teazle;  4th  dam  by  Woodpecker ;  5th  dam  by 
Sweetbriar ;  Gth  dam  (Buzzard's  dam)  Misfortune  by  Dux ;  7th 
dam  Curiosity  by  Snap ;  8th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  9th  dam  by 
Bartlett's  Childers  ;  10th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  11th 
dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Oeoonoko,  bl.  c,  foaled  1745,  by  Crab,  bred  by  Lord  Portmore,  and 
imported  into  South  Carolina.  1st  dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by 
Young  True  Blue ;  2d  dam  by  Lord  Oxford's  Dun  Arabian ; 
3d  dam  D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Eoyal  mare. 

OSCAE,  ch.  c,  foaled ,  by  Young  Snip.    We  cannot  find  this 

colt.  He  stood  in  Cumberland  county,  Va,,  in  1777.  1st  dam 
by  Lord  Morton's  Arabian  ;  2d  dam  by  Crab ;  3d  dam  by  Bald 
Galloway ;  4th  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian ;  5th  dam  Bay  Bol- 


LIST   OF   IMPOETED   STALLIONS.  557 

ton's  dam  by  Makc4ess;  Gtli  dam  by  Brimmer;  7tli  dam  by 
Diamond;  8th  dam  sister  to  the  dam  of  Merhn. 

Oscar,  br.  c,  foaled  1795,  by  Saltram,  bred  by  Mr.  Turner,  and  im- 
ported by  William  Lightfoot,  of  Sandy  Point,  Virginia.  1st 
dam  by  Highflyer ;  2d  dam  by  Herod ;  3d  dam  Miss  Middleton 
by  Eegulus ;  4th  dam  Camilla  by  a  son  of  Bay  Bolton ;  5tli 
dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  6th  dam  by Honeywood's  Arabian; 
7th  dam  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Othello,  or  Black-and- all-Black,  bl.  c,  foaled  1743,  by  Crab, 
bred  by  Mr.  Parston,  and  imported  by  Gov.  Sharpe,  of  Mary- 
land. Died  1767.  1st  dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by  Young  True 
Blue  ;  2d  dam  by  Lord  Oxford's  Dun  Arabian;  3d  dam  D'Arcy's 
Black-legged  Eoyal  mare. 

Pacolet,  —  c,  foaled  ,  by  Sparke,  bred  by  Mr. ;  im- 
ported, it  is  believed,  by  Col.  Hopper,  of  Maryland.  We  cannot 
find  this  colt.  1st  dam  imp.  Queen  Mab  by  Musgrove's  Grey 
Arabian;  2d  dam  by  Hampton  Court  Childers;  3d  dam  by 
Gov.  Harrison's  Arabian ;  4th  dam  by  Chestnut  Arabian;  5th 
dam  by  Leedes ;  6th  dam,  dam  of  Crofts'  Greyhound. 

Pam,  c,  bred  by  Mr.  Ward,  foaled  1757 ;  imported  into  South  Caro- 
lina 1764,  by  Mr.  Fenwicke.  By  Eegulus.  1st  dam  by  Cade; 
2d  dam  by  Sedbury ;  3d  dam  by  Scarborough  colt;  4th  dam  by 
D'Arcy's  Woodcock ;  5tli  dam  by  Blackatop  ;  6th  dam  by  Old 
Smithson ;  7tli  dam  by  Brimmer ;  8th  dam  by  Hautboy. 

Pantaloon,  b.  c,  foaled  1778,  by  Herod,  bred  by  Mr.  Fenwicke,  and 
imported  into  Virginia.  1st  dam  Nutcracker  by  Matchem  ;  2d 
dam  Miss  Starling  by  Starling ;  3d  dam  by  Partner ;  4th  dam 
by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ;  5th  dam  by  Makeless ;  6th  dam  by  Dicky 
Pierson  ;  7th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Partner  (Moore's),  b.  c,  foaled ,  by  Partner,  bred  by  the  Duke 

of  Bolton;  imported  1766,  and  stood  at  Wyllie  Jones',  North- 
ampton county,  N.  C,  on  the  Eoanoke  river.  1st  dam  sister  to 
Starling  by  Bay  Bolton ;  2d  dam  by  a  son  of  the  Brownlow 
Turk ;  3d  dam  Old  Lady  by  the  Pullein  Chestnut  Arabian  ;  4th 
dam  by  Eockwood ;  5th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Partner,  b.  c,  foaled ,  by  Crofts'  Partner,  bred  by  Eichard 

Crofts,  of  Eaby,  Yorkshire,  England.  Y^e  fmd  no  foal  by  Part- 
ner out  of  a  Godolphin  Arabian  mare,  in  the  Stud  Book.  1st 
dam  by  Godolphin  Arabian;    2d  dam  by  Fox;    3d  dam  by 


558-  THE   nORSE. 

Childers ;  4th  dam  by  Makelcss ;  5tli  dam  by  Taffolet  Barb ; 
Gth  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Passaic,  cli.  c,  foaled  183G,  bred  by  His  Majesty  at  Hampton  Court; 
imported  by  Com.  E.  F.  Stockton,  New  Jersey.  By  Eeveller. 
1st  dam  Eacliel  by  Whalebone;  2d  dam  (Moses'  dam)  by  Go- 
hauna;  3d  dam  Grey  Sldni  by  Woodpecker ;  4th  dam  (Silver's 
dam)  by  Herod ;  5tli  dam  Young  Hag  by  Skim ;  Gth  dam  Hag 
by  Crab  ;  7th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers ;  8tli  dam  Old  Ebony  by 
Basto ;  9th  dam  Massey  mare  by  ]Mr.  Massey's  Black  Barb. 

Passenger,  br.  c,  foaled  183G ;  imported  by  Mr.  Corbin,  Virginia, 
with  his  dam.  By  Eng.  Laugar :  dam  imp.  My  Lady  by  Comus. 
He  died  1841. 

Paymaster,  b.  c,  foaled  1791,  by  Paymaster,  bred  by  Lord  Ossory, 
and  imported  by  Dr.  Norris,  of  Chester  county.  Pa.  We  find 
the  Herod  mare  in  the  following  pedigree,  but  she  had  no  foal 
by  Otho  which  is  reported.  1st  dam  by  Otho ;  2d  dam  by 
Herod ;  3d  dam  by  Northumberland  Arabian  ;  4t]i  dam  by 
Starling ;  5tli  dam  Miss  Mayes  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  6th  dam 
by  Counsellor ;  7th  dam  by  Snake ;  8th  dam  by  Luggs ;  9th 
dam  by  Davill's  Woodcock. 

Paymaster,  b.  c,  foaled  ,  imported  by  Dr.  Eylander,  of  New 

York.  By  Homer  (son  of  Old  Paymaster).  Cannot  be  found 
in  English  Stud  Book.  1st  dam  by  Snake ;  2d  dam  by  Trav- 
eller, 

Phaetok,  b.  c,  foaled  1865,  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Johnstone ;  imported 
by  Mr.  Eichard  Tenbroeck,  Jefferson  county,  Ky.  By  King 
Tom:  dam  Merry  Sunshine  by  Storm;  2d  dam  by  Falstaff ;  3d 
dam  sister  to  Pompey  by  Emilius ;  4th  dam  Variation  by  Bus- 
tard ;  5th  dam  Johanna  Southcote  by  Beningbrough ;  Gth 
dam  Lavinia  by  Pijoator ;  7th  dam  by  Highflyer ;  8tli  dam  by 
Cardinal  PuflF;  9th  dam  byTatler;  10th  dam  by  Snip ;  11th 
dam  by  Godolphin  Arabian ;  12th  dam  by  Frampton's  White- 
neck  ;  13th  dam  by  Pelham  Barb. 

Pharaoh,  b.  c,  foaled  1753,  by  Moses,  bred  by  Lord  Gower,  and 
imported  into  South  Carolina.  1st  dam  by  Godolphin  Ara- 
bian ;  2d  dam  by  a  brother  to  Mixbury  ;  3d  dam  by  Smockface ; 
4tli  dam  by  Snail ;  5th  dam  liy  Burford  Bull ;  Gth  dam  Mr. 
Wilkinson's  mare. 

PHEN"OME]sroN",  ch.  c,  foaled  1780,  by  Herod,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Kavo, 
and  imported  in  1803,  and  died  immediately  after  landing.     He 


LIST   OF   IMPORTED   STALLIONS.  559 

was  the  sire  of  imported  Kestless  and  Wonder.  1st  dam 
Frenzy  by  Eclipse  ;  2d  dam  by  Engineer ;  3d  dam  by  Blank ; 
4th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Traveler ;  5th  dam  Miss  Makeless 
by  a  son  of  Greyhound ;  6th  dam  by  Partner ;  7th  dam  Miss 
Doe's  dam  by  Woodcock ;  8th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ;  9th 
dam  Desdemona's  dam  by  Makeless ;  10th  dam  Old  Thornton 
by  Brimmer ;  11th  dam  by  Dicky  Pierson ;  12th  dam  Burton 
Barb  mare. 
Phil  Beown",  ch.  c,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Dr.  A.  T.  B.  Merritt,  Vir- 
ginia ;  imported  in  his  mother's  belly.  By  Glaucus :  dam  imp. 
Bustle  by  Whalebone  (which  see). 

Philip,  br.  c,  foaled  1828,  by  Filho  da  Puta,  bred  by  Houldsworth ; 
imported  into  Tennessee.  1st  dam  Treasure  by  Camillus ;  2d 
dam  by  Hyacinthus ;  3d  dam  Flora  by  King  Fergus ;  4th  dam 
Atalanta  by  Matchem  ;  5th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko  ; 
Gth  dam  by  Old  Traveler ;  7th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young 
Greyhound  ;  8th  dam  by  Old  Partner ;  9th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam 
by  Woodcock  ;  10th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ;  11th  dam  Des- 
demona's dam  by  Makeless  ;  12th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  13th  dam 
by  Dicky  Pierson  ;  14th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Phcenix,  ch.  c,  foaled  1798,  by  Dragon,  bred  by  Mr.  Biggs,  and  im- 
ported by  Thomas  B.  Hill,  of  Halifax  county,  N.  C.  Died  1819, 
aged  21  years.  1st  dam  Portia  by  Volunteer ;  2d  dam  sister  to 
Florizel  by  Herod ;  3d  dam  by  Cygnet ;  4th  dam  by  Cartouch ; 
5th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers ;  6tli  dam  Ebony  by  Basto ;  7th 
dam  the  Massey  mare. 

Play  or  Pay  (first  called  Mars,)  b.  c,  foaled  1791,  by  Ulysses,  bred 
by  Mr.  Parker ;  the  property  of  Caleb  Boush,  Princess  Anne 
county,  Va. ;  imported  by  Col.  Hoomes.  1st  dam  by  Herod ; 
2d  dam  by  Eegulus ;  3d  dam  by  Eib  (Eoyal  George's  dam) ; 
4th  dam  by  Snake  ;  5th  dam  by  Coneyskins  ;  Gth  dam  by  Hut- 
ton's  Barb ;  7th  dam  by  Marshall's  Turk ;  8th  dam  by  Place's 
White  Turk. 

PoRTLAXD,  ch.  c,  foaled  1834,  by  Recovery,  bred  by  Mr.  R.  Turner; 
imported  into  South  Carolma.  1st  dam  Caifacaradaddera  by 
Walton ;  2d  dam  by  Pipator ;  3d  dam  by  Delpini ;  4th  dam 
Tuberose  by  Herod ;  5th  dam  Grey  Starlmg  by  Starling ;  Gth 
dam  Coughing  Polly  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  7th  dam  by  Coun- 
sellor ;  8th  dam  by  Snake ;  9th  dam  by  Luggs ;  10th  dam  by 
Davill's  Old  Woodcock. 


560  THE   HORSE. 

Porto,  b.  c,  foaled ,  by  Herod,  bred  by  Marquis  of  Rocking- 
ham. We  cannot  find  any  produce  from  the  Snap  mare,  but 
find  the  pedigree  correct  from  Latham's  Snap  dam  back.  1st 
dam  by  Snap ;  2d  dam  LatJiam's  Snap  dam  by  Cade ;  3d  dam 
by  Partner;  4th  dam  by  Makeless;  5th  dam  by  Brimmer;  6th 
dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  7tli  dam  by  Dodsworth  ;  8th  dam 
Layton  Barb  mare. 

Prerogative,  —  c,  foaled  ,  by  Trumpator,  imported  into 

America  from  Jamaica.  First  dam  by  Changeling.  We  can- 
not find  this  colt. 

Precipitate,  ch.  c,  foaled  1787,  by  Mercury,  bred  by  Lord  Egre- 
mont,  and  imported  into  Virginia  by  William  Liglitfoot,  in 
1803.  1st  dam  by  Herod ;  2d  dam  Maiden  by  Matchem  ;  3d 
dam  by  Squirt ;  4th  dam  by  Mogul ;  5tli  dam  by  Bay  Bolton  ; 
0th  dam  by  Pullein's  chestnut  Arabian  ;  7th  dam  by  Eockwood ; 
8th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Priam.,  b.  c,  foaled  1827,  by  Emilius,  bred  by  W.  Chifney,  and  im- 
ported in  1837,  by  Messrs.  Merritt,  of  Virginia.  1st  dam  Cres- 
sida  (sister  to  Eleanor)  by  Whisky;  2d  dam  Young  Giantess 
by  Diomed ;  3d  dam  Giantess  by  Matchem ;  4th  dam  Molly 
Long-Legs  by  Babraham ;  5th  dam  by  Cole's  Fox  Hunter ;  6th 
dam  sister  to  Cato  by  Partner;  7th  dam  sister  to  Roxana  by 
Bald  Galloway ;  8th  dam  sister  to  Chanter  by  Ancaster  Turk  ; 
9th  dam  by  Leedes'  Arabian;  10th  dam  by  Spanker. 

Prixce,  b.  c,  foaled  1773,  by  Herod,  bred  by  Lord  Farnham ;  im- 
ported, it  is  said,  into  South  Carolina.  1st  dam  Helen  by 
Blank ;  2d  dam  by  Crab ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Partner  by  Jigg ; 
4th  dam  sister  to  Mixbury  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb;  5tli  dam  by 
Old  Spot ;  6th  dam  by  White-legged  Lowther  Barb ;  7th  dam 
Old  Vintner  mare. 

Prince  Ferdikakd,  —  c,  foaled  ,  by  Herod.     1st  dam  by 

Matchem  ;  2d  dam  Old  Squirt  by  Squirt ;  3d  dam  Lot's  dam  by 
Mogul ;  4th  dam  Camilla  by  Bay  Bolton  ;  5th  dam  Old  Lady 
by  Pullein's  Chestnut  Arabian ;  6th  dam  by  Rockwood ;  7th 
dam  by  Bustler. 

Prince  Frederick,  foaled  1792,  by  Fortunio;  imported  by  Ed- 
ward Davis,  of  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1798.  He  is  not  to  be  found 
in  the  Stud  Book.  He  appears  in  the  Racing  Calendar  of  1795, 
'96,  etc. ;  ran  with  success  under  the  name  of  Frederick.  1st 
dam  by  Lexicon ;  2d  dam  l^y  Sportsman. 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    STALLIOISTS.  561 

PuKCH,  —  c,  foaled  ,  by  Herod ;    tlie  property  of  Sir  John 

Lade;  imported  into  Philadelphia  in  1799  by  "Wm.  Powers. 
1st  dam  by  Marske ;  2d  dam  by  Cullen  Arabian ;  3d  dam 
Blackeyes  by  Eegulus ;  4tli  dam  Eolith's  Blackeyes  by  Crab; 
5th  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake  ;  Gth  dam  sister  to  Carl- 
isle Gelding  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  7tli  dam  Wharton  mare  by 
Carlisle  Turk ;  8th  dam  by  Bald  Galloway ;  9tli  dam  by  Byerly 
Turk. 

Puzzle,  b.  c.,  foaled  1831,  by  Eeveller,  bred  by  Mr.  W.  E.  PhiUi- 
more;  imported  by  A,  J.  Davie,  North  Carolina.  1st  dam  by 
Juniper ;  2d  dam  Trimbush  by  Teddy  the  Grinder ;  3d  dam 
Princess  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  4tli  dam  by  Dungannon ;  5th 
dam  by  Turf ;  6th  dam  by  Herod ;  7th  dam  Golden  Grove  by 
Blank ;  8th  dam  Spinster  by  Partner ;  9th  dam  sister  to 
Squirrel's  dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  10th  dam  by  Greyhound  ; 
11th  dam  by  Makeless ;  12th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  13th  dam  by 
Place's  White  Turk ;  14th  dam  by  Dodsworth ;  15th  dam  Lay- 
ton  Barl)  mare. 

Eangek,  b.   c,  foaled  ,   by  Martindale's  Eegulus;    bred  by 

Thomas  Hutcheson,  of  Smeaton,  Yorkshire,  and  imported  by 
Dr.  Thomas  Hamilton,  of  Prince  George's  county,  Md.  1st 
dam  by  Merry  Andrevr ;  2d  dam  by  Steady ;  3d  dam  by  Croft's 
Partner;  4th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  5th  dam  by  Makeless;  6th 
dam  by  Counsellor ;  7th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  8th  dam  by  Place's 
White  Turk. 

Eanter,  b.  c,  foaled  1755,  by  Dimple,  bred  by ;  imported  by 

William  S.  Wadman,  in  1762.  We  cannot  find  this  colt.  He 
stood  in  Stafford  county,  Va.,  in  1763.  1st  dam  by  Crab ;  2d 
dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks. 

Eegulus  (Burwell's),  b.  c,  foaled  1747,  by  Eegulus,  bred  by  Mr. 
Blake,  and  the  property  of  Col.  Lewis  Burwell,  of  Stoneland, 
Mecklenburgh  county,  Va.  1st  dam  by  Partner ;  2d  dam  by 
Cupid ;  3d  dam  by  Hautboy ;  4tli  dam  by  Bustler. 

Eegulus  (Dunmore's)  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  and  supposed  to 
have  been  imported  by  Lord  Dunmore  from  England.  First 
dam  unknown.     Cannot  find  this  colt  in  the  Stud  Book. 

Eemus,  —  c,  foaled ,  by  the  imported  Dove.     We  cannot  find 

this  colt,  and  doubt  his  pedigree  from  the  way  it  is  given. 
Betty  Leedes  was  the  dam  of  Plying  Childers.     1st  dam  by 
Spanker ;  2d  dam  by  Plying  Childers ;  3d  dam  Betty  Leedes  by 
Vol.  1—36 


563  THE   HORSE. 

Careless ;  4th  dam  sister  to  Leedes  by  Leedes  Arabian ;  5th 
dam  Spanker's  dam  by  D'Arcy's  Yellow  Turk;  Gth  dam  by 
Lord  Fairfax's  Morocco  Barb ;  7th  dam  Bald  Peg  by  an  Ara- 
bian ;  8tli  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Republican,  ch.  c,  foaled ,  by  Wentworth  Ancaster,  bred  by 

Sir  Clement  Cotterell,  and  imported  by  Charles  Young,  of  Nor- 
folk, Va.  Cannot  find  this  colt.  1st  dam  by  Old  Eoyal ;  2d 
dam  by  Changeling ;  3d  dam  by  Bethell's  Arabian. 

Eestless,  b.  c,  foaled  1788,  by  Phoenomenon,  bred  by  Lord  A. 
Hamilton,  and  imported  into  Virginia  by  Mr.  Lightfoot.  Eest- 
less is  said  to  have  ran  four  miles,  at  York,  in  1793,  in  7:30-27. 
1st  dam  Duchess  by  Le  Sang ;  2d  dam  Calliope  by  Slouch ;  3d 
dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko ;  4th  dam  by  Traveler ; 
5th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young  Greyhound ;  6th  dam  by 
Partner ;  7th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam  by  Woodcock ;  8th  dam  by 
Croft's  Bay  Barl) ;  9th  dam  Desdemona's  dam  by  Makeless ; 
10th  dam  Old  Thornton  by  Brimmer ;  11th  dam  by  Dicky  Pier- 
son  ;  12th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Eevekge,  b.  c,  foaled  1791,  bred  by ;   imported  and  stood 

in  Maryland ;  he  cannot  be  found  in  English  Stud  Book.  By 
Archelaus.  1st  dam  Lively  Lass  by  Old  Pagan ;  2d  dam  by 
Blank ;  3d  dam  by  Doge. 

EiCHARD,  b.  c,  foaled  1818,  by  Orville,  bred  by  Lord  Jersey,  and 
imported  by  0.  W.  Many,  of  Massachusetts.  1st  dam  Miss 
Sophia  (Master  Henry's  dam)  by  Stamford ;  2d  dam  Sophia  by 
Buzzard;  3d  dam  Huncamunca  by  Highflyer;  4th  dam  Cj'pher 
by  Squirrel ;  5th  dam  Fribble's  dam  by  Eegulus ;  6th  dam  by 
Bartlett's  Childers;  7tli  dam  by  Hone}^ood's  Arabian;  8th 
dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

EiDDLESWOETH,  ch.  c,  foaled  1828,  by  Emihus,  bred  by  Lord  Jer- 
sey, and  imported  in  1839  by  Dr.  J.  C.  Nott,  of  Alabama.  He 
died  at  J.  L.  Bradley's,  Lexington,  Ky.,  in  1843.  1st  dam  Fil- 
agree by  Soothsayer;  2d  dam  Web  by  Waxy;  3d  dam  Penel- 
ope by  Trumpator ;  4tli  dam  Prunella  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam 
Promise  by  Snap ;  6th  dam  Julia  by  Blank ;  7th  dam  Sjoecta- 
tor's  dam  by  Partner ;  8tli  dam  Bonnie  Lass  by  Bay  Bolton ; 
9th  dam  by  Darley  Arabian ;  10th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk ;  11th 
dam  Tafi'olet  Barb;  12th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  13th 
dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 


LIST  OF  IMPOETED  STALLIONS.  563 

RoBiK  RsDBREAST,  b.  c,  foaled  1796,  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  bred  by- 
Mr.  Lockley,  and  imported,  it  is  said,  by  Col.  Tayloe,  of  Vir- 
ginia, in  1800.  1st  dam  Wren  by  Woodpecker ;  2d  dam  Papil- 
lon  (Sir  Peter  Teazle's  dam)  by  Snap ;  3d  dam  Miss  Cleveland 
by  Regulns  ;  4tli  dam  Midge  by  a  son  of  Bay  Bolton  ;  5th  dam 
by  Bartlett's  Cliilders  ;  6tli  dam  by  Honey  wood's  Arabian;  7th 
dam,  dam  of  the  two  Trnc  Blues. 

EoDERiCK  Dhu,  br.  c,  foaled  1807,  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  bred  by  Mr. 
Clifton,  said  to  have  been  imported  into  New  York.  1st  dam 
by  Young  Marske  ;  2d  dam  by  Matchem ;  3d  dam  l^y  Tarquin ; 
4th  dam  Antelope's  sister  by  Young  Belgrade;  5th  dam  by 
Scarborough  colt;  6th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  7th  dam  by 
Devonshire  Turk;  8th  dam  by  Curwen  Barb;  9th  dam  by  Old 
Spot;  10th  dam  by  Woodcock. 

Rodney,  b.  c,  foaled  1790,  bred  by  Lord  Lincoln;  imported  and 
stood  in  Maryland.  By  Paymaster.  1st  dam  Nina  by  High- 
flyer ;  2d  dam  by  Snap  (sister  to  Gnawpost) ;  3d  dam  Miss 
Cranbourne  by  Godolphin  Arabian ;  4th  dam  Miss  Western  by 
Sedbury ;  5th  dam  Mother  Western  by  Smith's  son  of  Snake  ; 
6tli  dam  by  Montague;  7th  dam  by  Hautboy;  8th  dam  by 
Brimmer. 

RoDOLPH,  br,  c,  foaled  1828,  bred  by  John  Scott.  Shipped  from 
England,  1833  ;  died  on  the  passage.  By  Der  Frieschutz.  1st 
dam  Frailty  by  Filho  da  Puta ;  2d  dam  Agatha  by  Orville ;  3d 
dam  by  Star ;  4th  dam  by  Young  Marske. 

Roman,  b.  c,  foaled  1815,  by  Camillus,  bred  by  Mr.  Riddell,  and 
imported  into  Boston  or  New  York,  in  March,  1823,  by  F.  B. 
Ogden.  1st  dam  Leon  Forte  by  Eagle ;  2d  dam  Tamborine  by 
Trumpator ;  3d  dam  Crane  by  Highflyer ;  4th  dam  Middlesex 
by  Snap;  5th  dam  Miss  Cleveland  byRegulus;  6tli  dam  Midge 
by  a  son  of  Bay  Bolton ;  7th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  8th 
dam  by  Honey  wood's  Arabian ;  9th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True 
Blues. 

Roscius,  br.  c,  foaled  1841,  bred  by  Mr.  Jipson;  imported  into 
Missouri,  1842,  by  Capt.  J.  M.  White,  and  John  Evens,  Esq. 
By  Gambol  (son  of  Filho-da-Puta).  1st  dam  by  Negotiator 
(son  of  Prime  Minister) ;  2d  dam  by  Octavian ;  3d  dam  Miss 
Oragie  by  Orville ;  4th  dam  Marchioness  by  Lurcher ;  5th  dam 
Miss  Cogden  by  Phcenomenon ;  6th  dam  by  Young  Marske ; 
Yth  dam  by  Silvio;  8th  dam  Daphne  by  Regulus. 


564  THE    HORSE. 

KowTON,  cli.  c,  foaled  182G,  by  Oiseau,  bred  by  Mr.  Petre,  and  im- 
ported in  1835  by  Messrs.  Merritt  &  Co.,  of  Virginia.  Died 
July,  1841.  1st  dam  Katbarina  by  Woful ;  2d  dam  Landscape 
by  Kubens ;  3d  dam  Iris  by  Brush ;  4tli  dam  by  Herod ;  5th 
dam  sister  to  the  Doctor  by  Goldfinder;  6th  dam  by  Sedley 
Arabian  ;  7tli  dam  Vanessa  by  Eegulus ;  8th  dam  by  Fox  ;  9th 
dam  by  Bloody  Shouldered  Arabian ;  10th  dam  by  Basset  Ara- 
bian;  11th  dam  Arabian  mare. 

KoYALiST,  b.  c,  foaled  1790,  by  Saltram,  bred  by  Mr.  Bullock,  and 
imported  into  Tennessee.  Died  in  Tennessee,  1814,  aged  24 
years.  1st  dam  by  Herod ;  2d  dam  Carina  by  Marske ;  3d  dam 
by  Blank;  4th  dam  Dizzy  by  Driver;  5tli  dam  by  Smiling 
Tom ;  6th  dam  Miss  Hip  by  Oysterfoot ;  7th  dam  by  Merlin ; 
8tli  dam  by  Commoner ;  9th  dam  Coppin  mare. 

KuBT  (called  Eiddlesworth),  foaled  1836 ;  imported  in  his  mother's 
belly  by  Thos.  Kirkman,  Esq.,  Alabama.  By  Eng.  Emilius : 
dam  imp.  Eliza  (sister  to  Defiance)  by  Kubens.  (See  imp. 
Eliza.) 

Saltram,  br.  c,  foaled  1780,  by  Eclipse,  bred  by  Mr.  Parker,  and 
imported  by  William  Lightfoot,  of  Virginia,  in  1800.  1st  dam 
Virago  by  Snap  ;  2d  dam  by  Eegulus ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Black- 
and-all-Black  by  Crab ;  4th  dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by  Young 
True  Blue  ;  5tli  dam  by  Lord  Oxford's  Dun  Arabian  ;  6tli  dam 
D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Eoyal  mare. 

Sam  Park,  b.  c,  foaled  1839 ;  imported  with  his  mother  by  Messrs. 
Hugh  and  John  Kirkman,  Alabama.  By  The  Saddler :  dam 
imported  Nanny  Kilham  by  Voltair.  (See  imp.  Nanny  Kil- 
ham.) 

Sampson,  b.  c,  foaled  1778,  bred  by  Lord  Eockingham,  by  Tan- 
trum. 1st  dam  by  Sampson ;  2d  dam  by  the  Godolphin  colt ; 
3d  dam  Flora  by  Eegulus;  4th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers; 
5th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  6th  dam  by  Belgrade  Turk. 

Sarpedon",  br.  c,  foaled  1828,  by  Emilius,  bred  by  General  Grosye- 
nor,  and  imported  into  America;  stood  at  William  G.  Skill- 
man's,  near  Lexington,  Ky.,  1835.  Imported  by  Merritt  &  Co., 
in  1834.  1st  dam  Icaria  by  The  Flyer;  2d  dam  Parma  by 
Dick  Andrews ;  3d  dam  May  by  Beningbrough ;  4th  dam  Prim- 
rose by  Mambrino ;  5tli  dam  Cricket  by  Herod ;  6th  dam  Sophia 
by  Blank ;  7th  dam  Lord  Leigh's  Diana  by  Second ;  8th  dam 
by  Stanyan's  Arabian ;    9  th  dam    Gipsy  by   King  William's 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    STALLIONS.  565 

No-toDgued  Barb;  10th  dam  by  Makeless;  11th  dam  Royal 
mare. 

Scout,  br.  c,  foaled  1836,  by  St.  Nicholas,  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Briskham ; 
imported  by  Col.  W.  C.  Beatty,  Esq.,  of  South  Carolina.  1st 
dam  Mrs.  Walker  by  Blacklock ;  2d  dam  Primette  by  Prime 
Minister;  3d  dam  Miss  Paul  by  Sir  Paul;  4tli  dam  Miss  Dun- 
nington  by  Shuttle;  5th  dam  Miss  Grimstone  by  Weasel;  6th 
dam  by  Ancaster ;  7th  dam  by  the  Damascus  Arabian ;  8th 
dam  by  Sampson ;  9th  dam  Sophia  (sister  to  Mirza)  by  the 
Godolpliin  Arabian;  10th  dam  by  Hobgoblin;  11th  dam  by 
Whitefoot;  12tli  dam  by  Leedes;  13th  dam  Moonali  Barb 
mare. 

ScTTHiAX,  b.  c,  foaled  1851,  by  Orlando,  bred  by  Col.  Anson,  and 
imported  by  R.  Aitcheson  Alexander,  of  Woodburn  Stud  Farm, 
Spring  Station,  Woodford  county,  Ky.,  in  1857.  1st  dam 
Scythia  by  Hetman  Platoff;  2d  dam  Princess  by  Slane;  3d 
dam  sister  to  Cobweb  by  Phantom  ;  4th  dam  Filagree  by  Sooth- 
sayer ;  5th  dam  Web  by  Waxy ;  6th  dam  Penelope  by  Trumpa- 
tor ;  7th  dam  Prunella  by  Highflyer;  8th  dam  Promise  by  Snap ; 
9th  dam  Julia  by  Blank ;  10th  dam  Spectator's  dam  by  Part- 
ner; 11th  dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Bay  Bolton;  12th  dam  by  Bar- 
ley's Arabian ;  13th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk ;  14th  dam  by  TafFolet 
Barb;  15th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  16th  dam  Natural 
Barb  mare. 

Seagull,  b.  c,  foaled  1786,  by  Woodpecker,  bred  by  Mr.  Panton ; 
imported  into  Virginia  about  1796,  by  Col.  Hoomes.  1st  dam 
Middlesex  by  Snap;  2d  dam  Miss  Cleveland  byEegulus;  3d 
dam  Midge  by  son  of  Bay  Bolton ;  4th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Chil- 
ders ;  5th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  6th  dam,  dam  of 
the  two  True  Blues. 

Selim,  b.  c,  foaled  1760,  by  Bajazet,  bred  by  His  Royal  Highness 
the  Duke  of  Cumberland,  and  imported  into  Virginia.  1st 
dam  Miss  Thigh  by  Rib;  2d  dam  Griswood's  Lady  Thigh  by 
Partner ;  3d  dam  by  Greyhound ;  4th  dam  Sophonisba's  dam 
by  the  Curwen  Bay  Barb ;  5th  dam  by  D'Arcy's  Chestnut  Ara- 
bian ;  6th  dam  by  Whiteshirt ;  7th  dam  Montague  mare. 

Serab,  b.  c,  foaled  1821,  by  Phantom,  bred  by  Mr.  Batson ;  im- 
ported by  Sir  Isaac  Coffin  into  Massachusetts,  in  1828.  (Im- 
potent.) 1st  dam  Jessy  by  Totteridge;  2d  dam  Cracker  by 
Highflyer ;  3d  dam  Nutcracker  by  Matchem ;   4tli  dam  Miss 


5C6  THE    HOESE. 

Starling  by  Starling;  5th  dam  by  Partner;  6th  dam  by  Crofts' 
Bay  Barb;  7th  dam  byMakeless;  8th  dam  by  Brimmer;  9th 
dam  by  Dicky  Pierson ;  10th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Shadow,  b.  c,  foaled  1759,  by  Babraham,  bred  by  Duke  of  North- 
umberland, and  the  property  of  Thacker  Burwell,  Esq.,  of  Vir- 
ginia. 1st  dam  by  Starling ;  2d  dam  Coughing  Polly  by  Bart- 
lett's  Childers  ;  3d  dam  by  Counsellor  (sister  to  Thunderbolt) ; 
4th  dam  by  Snake ;  5th  dam  by  Luggs ;  6th  dam  by  Davill's 
Old  Woodcock. 

Shakespeaee,  br.  c,  foaled  1835,  by  Smolensk©,  bred  by  Mr.  West, 
and  imported  by  Merritt  &  Co.  into  Virginia,  in  1835.  1st 
dam  Charming  Molly  by  Eubens ;  2d  dam  Comedy  by  Bening- 
brough ;  3d  dam  Mrs.  Jordan  by  Highflyer ;  4tli  dam  Harriet 
by  Matchem ;  5th  dam  Flora  by  Eegulus ;  6th  dam  by  Bart- 
lett's  Childers ;  7th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  8th  dam  by  Belgrade 
Turk. 

Shameock,  ch.  c,  foaled  1836,  by  St.  Patrick,  bred  by  Mr.  Sadler; 
imported  in  his  mother's  belly,  in  1835.  1st  dam  Delight  by 
Eeveller ;  2d  dam  Defiance  by  Rubens ;  3d  dam  Little  Folly  by 
Highland  Fling ;  4th  dam  Harriet  by  Volunteer ;  5th  dam  by 
Alfred;  6th  dam  Magnolia  by  Marske;  7th  dam  by  Babraham; 
8th  dam  by  Sedbury;  9th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers;  lOtli  dam 
Old  Ebony  by  Basto ;  11th  dam  Massey  mare  by  Mr.  Massey's 
Black  Barb. 

Shaek,  br.  c,  foaled  1771,  by  Marske,  bred  by  Mr.  Pigot.  Died  in 
Virginia,  1795  or  '6,  aged  24  or  '5  years.  Marlborough  was  full 
brother  to  Babraham  and  imported  Selima,  by  Godolphin  Ara- 
bian. 1st  dam  by  Snap ;  2d  dam  by  Marlborough  (Warwick- 
shire Wag's  dam) ;  3d  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Shaepcatchee,  br.  c,  by  Flat  Catcher ;  imported  by  Kentucky  Im- 
porting Company,  1860 ;  foaled  1859 ;  bred  by  Mr.  Farrow ; 
owned  by  A.  S.  Talbot,  Lexington,  Ky.  1st  dam  by  Cowl ;  2d 
dam  Venus  by  Hercules  (Aphrodite's  dam) ;  3d  dam  Echo  by 
Emilius  ;  4th  dam  by  Scud  or  Pioneer ;  5th  dam  Canary  Bird 
by  Whiskey  or  Sorcerer ;  6th  dam  Canary  by  Coriander ;  7th 
dam  Miss  Green  by  Highflyer ;  8th  dam  Harriet  by  Matchem  ; 
9th  dam  Flora  by  Eegulus;  10th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers; 
11th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton  ;  12th  dam  by  Belgrade  Turk,  etc. 

Shock,  b.  c,  foaled  1729,  by  Jigg,  bred  by  Mr.  Howe,  and  imported 
into  Virginia.     1st    dam   by   Snake    (sister  to   Old  Country 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    STALLIONS.  567 

Wench);  2d  dam  Grey  Wilkes  by  Hautboy;  3d  dam  Miss 
D'Arcy's  Pet  mare  by  Pet;  4th  dam  Sedbury  Eoyal  mare. 

Shock,  b.  c,  foaled ,  by  Old  Shock,  bred  by ,  and  im- 
ported by  Col.  Baylor,  of  Virginia.  We  cannot  find  this  colt, 
and  find  but  one  colt  by  Shock  out  of  a  Partner  mare,  Bolton, 
foaled  1752.  1st  dam  by  Partner;  2d  dam  by  Makeless;  3d 
dam  by  Brimmer;  4tli  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  5th  dam 
by  Dodsworth ;  6th  dam  Lay  ton  Barb  mare. 

Silver,  g.  c,  foaled  1789,  by  Mercury,  bred  by  the  Duke  of  Graf- 
ton ;  imported  by  Mr.  Drew,  of  Halifax  county,  N.  C. ;  after- 
ward called  Drew's  Silver.  1st  dam  by  Herod ;  2d  dam  Young 
Hag  by  Skim;  3d  dam  Hag  by  Crab;  4th  dam  Ebony  by 
Childers ;  5th  dam  Ebony  by  Basto ;  Cth  dam  Massey  mare  by 
Mr.  Massey's  Black  Barb. 

Silver  Eye,  ch.  c,  foaled  ,  bred  by .  By  Cullen  Ara- 
bian. We  are  unable  to  find  Silver  Eye.  He  is  described  as  a 
pale  sorrel  horse,  with  a  white  face,  glass  eyes,  four  white  legs 
above  the  knees  before,  and  hocks  behind.  This  description 
was  given  by  a  gentleman  who  saw  him  in  17G2  or  17G3.  He 
was  imported  by  Mr.  S.  Duval.  1st  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay 
Barb;  2d  dam  Byerly  Turk;  3d  dam  Curwen's  Spot;  4th 
dam  White-legged  Lowther  Barb ;  5th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Sir  Harry,  br.  c,  foaled  1795,  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  bred  by  Mr. 
Cookson,  and  imported  by  Mr.  Haxall,  of  Virginia,  in  1804. 
1st  dam  Matron  by  Alfred;  2d  dam  Pilot's  dam  by  Marske;  3d 
dam  by  Eegulus ;  4th  dam  Wildair's  dam  by  Steady ;  5th  dam 
by  Partner;  6th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  7th  dam  Chestnut  Lay- 
ton  by  Makeless;  8th  dam  Bay  Layton  by  Counsellor;  9th 
dam  by  Brimmer ;  lOtli  dam  Trumpet's  dam  by  Place's  White 
Turk;  lltli  dam  by  Dodsworth;  12th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Sir  Peter  Teazle,  br.  c,  foaled  1791,  bred  by  Lord  Stamford;  im- 
ported into  Virginia  by  Hon.  John  Tayloe.  By  Sir  Peter  Tea- 
zle. Died  1811.  1st  dam  Lucy  by  Conductor ;  2d  dam  Lucy 
by  Spectator;  3d  dam  by  Blank;  4tli  dam  by  Childers;  5th 
dam  by  True  Blue ;  6th  dam  by  Cyprus  Arabian ;  7th  dam 
Bonny  Black  by  Black  Hearty. 

Sir  Peter  Teazle,  r.  c,  foaled  1802,  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  bred  by 
Mr.  Harris;  imported  into  South  Carolina  by  Gen.  John 
McPherson.  1st  dam  Vivaldi's  dam  by  Mercury;  2d  dam 
Cytherea  by  Herod;  3d  dam  Lily  by  Blank;  4th  dani  by  Cade; 


568  THE    HOESE. 

5th  dam  sister  to  "Widdrington  mare  by  Partner;  Gtli  dam  by 
Bloody  Buttocks ;  Ttli  dam  by  Greyhound ;  8th  dam  by  Make- 
less  ;  9th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  10th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ; 
11th  dam  by  Dodsworth;  12th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

SiE  Peter  Teazle  (Young),  br.  c,  foaled  in  1801,  bred  by  Mr. 
Walker,  and  imported  into  Virginia,  by  Colonels  Tallmadge 
and  Tayloe.  1st  dam  by  Alexander ;  2d  dam  by  Dux ;  3d  dam 
Folly  by  Blank ;  4th  dam  sister  to  Regulus  by  Godolphin  Ara- 
bian ;  5th  dam  Grey  Eobinson  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  Gth  dam 
by  Snake;  7th  dam  Old  Wilkes  by  Old  Hautboy. 

Sir  Egbert,  b,  c,  foaled  1832  or  1833  (Fidalma  had  two  foals  in 
succession,  both  bay  colts,  by  Bobadil),  by  Bobadil.  1st  dam 
Fidalma  by  Waxy  Pope ;  2d  dam  Dinarzade  by  Selim ;  3d  dam 
Princess  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  4:tli  dam  by  Dunganon;  5tli  dam 
by  Turf;  6th  dam  by  Herod ;  Yth  dam  Golden  Grove  by  Blank ; 
8th  dam  Spinster  by  Partner ;  9th  dam  sister  to  Squirrel's  dam 
by  Bloody  Buttocks;  10th  dam  by  Greyhound;  11th  dam  by 
Makeless;  12th  dam  by  Brimmer;  13th  dam  by  Place's  White 
Turk ;  14th  dam  by  Dodsworth  ;  loth  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Sir  Tatto^st,  ch.  c,  foaled  1856,  bred  by  Sir  Tatton  Sykes;  imported 
into  Ohio  by  James  Fullington,  Esq.  By  Daniel  O'Eourke. 
Sir  Tatton  covered  two  mares  spring  of  1860,  and  died  soon 
after.  1st  dam  sister  to  Driffield  by  Hampton;  2d  dam  by 
Comus ;  3d  dam  by  Smolensko ;  4th  dam  (sister  to  Orphan)  by 
Camillus  ;  5th  dam  by  Gabriel ;  6th  dam  Legacy  by  King  Fer- 
gus ;  7th  dam  Mortonia  by  Herod ;  8th  dam  by  Northumber- 
land ;  9tli  dam  by  Eegulus ;  10th  dam  by  Lord  Moreton's  Ara- 
bian. 

Sir  Walter,  —  c,  foaled ,  by  Marplot.    First  dam  (imported 

Citizen's  dam)  Princess  by  Turk.  Princess  by  Turk  had  no 
foal  by  Marplot.  We  think  this  a  spurious  pedigree,  or  else 
the  year  of  foaling  would  be  given.  (See  E.  S.  B,,  vol.  1,  pages 
153  and  154. 

Skim,  gr.  c,  foaled  1746,  by  Starling,  bred  by  Mr.  Eouth.  1st  dam 
Miss  Mayes  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  2d  dam  by  Counsellor ;  3d 
dam  by  Snake ;  4th  dam  by  Luggs ;  5tli  dam  by  Davill's  Wood- 
cock. 

Skim,  c,  imported  into  South  Carolina,  1760,  then  five  years  old, 
was  by  the  CuUen  Arabian.  He  ran  successfully,  and  stood  at 
Mr.  John  Myrant's,  on  the  Santee,  at  £20. 


LIST  OF  IMPORTED   STALLIONS.  569 

Skylark,  br.  c,  foaled  1783,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  Mr.  ■W}Tidham. 
1st  dam  Cliedworth's  Snap ;  2d  dam  by  Squirt ;  3d  dam  Baja- 
zet's  dam  by  Wliitefoot ;  4th  dam  by  Leedes ;  5th  dam  Moo- 
nah  Barb  mare. 

Skylark,  br.  c,  foaled  1826,  by  Waxy  Pope,  bred  by  Mr.  Daxon. 
Imported  by  Messrs.  Merritt,  of  Virginia.  1st  dam  Skylark  by 
Musician ;  2d  dam  Piroiiette  by  Young  Eagle ;  3d  dam  Parisot 
by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  4th  dam  Deceit  by  Tandem ;  5  th  dam 
Perdita  by  Herod ;  6th  dam  Fair  Forester  by  Sloe ;  7tli  dam  by 
Forester ;  8th  dam  by  Partner ;  9th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb ; 
10th  dam  by  Makeless ;  lltli  dam  by  Brimmer ;  12th  dam  by 
a  son  of  Dodsworth ;  13th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Slender,  b.  c,  foaled  1779,  by  Herod,  bred  by  the  Duke  of  Queens- 
bury.  He  was  full  brother  in  blood  to  Highflyer,  and  stood  near 
New  York  in  1788.  1st  dam  Eutli  (sister  to  Highflyer's  dam) 
by  Blank ;  2d  dam  by  Eegulus ;  3d  dam  by  Soreheels ;  4th 
dam  by  Makeless;  5th  dam  Christopher  D'Arcy's  Koyal 
mare. 

Slim,  or  Sprightly,  or  Slip,  ch.  c,  foaled  1768,  by  son  of  Babra- 
ham,  bred  by  Mr.  Wildman.  1st  dam  by  Babraham  ;  2d  dam 
by  Sedbury;  3d  dam  Ebony  by  Childers;  4th  dam  Ebony 
by  Basto;  5th  dam  Massey  mare  by  Mr.  Massey's  Black 
Barb. 

Slouch,  ch.  c,  foaled  1747,  by  Cade,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Moore,  and  im- 
ported into  F'outli  Carolina.  1st  dam  Little  Hartley  mare  by 
Bartlett's  Cliilders;  2d  dam  Flying  Whig  by  William's  Wood- 
stock Arabian  ;  3d  dam  by  St.  Victor  Barb  ;  4tli  dam  by  Why- 
not  (son  of  the  Fenwick  Barb) ;  5th  dam  Royal  mare. 

Sloven,  bl.  c,  foaled  1756,  by  Cub,  and  imported  into  New  York. 
We  cannot  find  this  colt.  1st  dam  by  the  Bolton  Starling;  2d 
dam  by  Godolphin  Arabian;  3d  dam  by  Childers;  4th  dam 
Bonny  Black  by  Black  Hearty.  ' 

Snap,  br.  c,  foaled  about  1757  or  '8 ;  imported  into  South  Carolina 
by  Capt.  Parker,  1767.  By  Snap.  1st  dam  Vanessa  by  Eegu- 
lus ;  2d  dam  by  Fox  ;  3d  dam  by  Bloody  Shouldered  Arabian ; 
4tli  dam  by  Bassett  Arabian ;  5tli  dam  an  Arab  mare. 

Snipe,  b.  c,  foaled  1762,  bred  by  Mr.  Vernon;  imported  into  South 
Carolina,  and  stood  near  Jacksonborough  in  1772  and  '73.  By 
Snap.     1st  dam  by  Blank;  2d  dam  Dizzy  by  Driver ;  3d  dam 


570  THE    HORSE. 

by  Smiling  Tom;  4th  dam  Miss  Hip  by  Oysterfoot;  5th  dam 
by  Merlin ;  Gth  dam  by  Commouer ;  7th  dam  the  Duke  of  Som- 
erset's Coi^pin  mare. 

SoBEE  JoH]sr,  foaled  1748  ;  imported  into  Virginia  by  Col.  Baylor. 
By  Eib ;  balance  of  pedigree  unknown.  The  following  sketch 
may  be  found  in  Heber's  English  Eacing  Calendar  for  1754, 
page  187.  He  ran  that  year  six  times,  and  won  the  following 
races:  May  23,  "Wisbech,  Norfolk,  iE50;  June  12,  Stamford, 
Lincolnshire,  .£50. 

SoMOKOCODRON',  b.  c,  foaled  1830,  bred  by  Mr.  Smith  ;  imported 
into  Canada  by  H.  P.  Simmons,  Esq.  By  Brutandorf.  1st  dam 
by  Traveler ;  2d  dam  by  Hambletonian  ;  3d  dam  Vesta  by  Del- 
pini;  4tli  dam  Faith  by  Pacolet;  5tli  dam  Atalanta  by 
Matchem ;  Gth  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko ;  7th  dam 
Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Traveler ;  8th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  son 
of  Greyhound;  9th  dam  by  Partner;  10th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam 
by  Woodcock;  lltli  dam  by  Crofts'  Bay  Barb;  12th  dam  Des- 
demona's  dam  by  Makeless. 

Sorrow,  ch.  c,  foaled  in  1835,  by  Defence,  bred  by  Mr.  Sadler,  and 
imported  with  his  dam  when  a  suckling,  by  Col.  Wade  Hamp- 
ton, of  South  Carolina.  1st  dam  imp.  Tears  by  Woful ;  2d  dam 
Miss  Stej)henson  by  Scud  or  Sorcerer ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Pet- 
worth  by  Precipitate ;  4th  dam  by  Woodpecker ;  5tli  dam  sister 
to  Juniper  by  Snap ;  Gth  dam  Young  Marske's  dam  by  Blank  ; 
7tli  dam  Bay  Starling  by  the  Bolton  Starling ;  8th  dam  Miss 
Meynell  by  Partner;  9th  dam  by  Greyhound;  10th  dam  by 
Curwen  Bay  Barb ;  lltli  dam  by  Lord  D'Arcy's  Arabian ;  12th 
dam  by  Whiteshirt ;  13th  dam  Old  Montagu  mare. 

SOURCROUT,  b.  c,  foaled  1786,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  the  Duke  of 
Grafton;  stood  in  Tennessee.  1st  dam  Jewel  by  Squirrel;  2d 
dam  Sophia  by  Blank ;  3d  dam  Lord  Leigh's  Diana  by  Second ; 
4th  dam  Mr.  Hanger's  Brown  mare  by  Stanyan's  Arabian ;  5th 
dam  Gipsey  by  King  William's  No-tongued  Barb ;  Gth  dam  by 
Makeless ;  7tli  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

SovEREiGivr,  b.  c,  foaled  183G,  by  Emilius,  bred  by  His  Majesty  King 
William  IV,  at  Hampton  Court,  and  imported  by  Col.  Wade 
Hampton,  of  South  Carolina;  late  the  property  of  Capt.  A. 
Buford,  Bosque  Bonita,  Stud  Farm,  Woodford  county,  Ky. 
Since  dead.  1st  dam  Fleur-de-Lis  by  Bourbon  ;  2d  dam  Lrdy 
Eachel  by  Stamford ;  3d  dam  Young  Eachael  by  Volunteer ; 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    STALLIOKS.  571 

4tli  clam  Eacliael  by  Highflyer ;  6th  dam  Tandem's  sister  by 
Syplion ;  6tli  dam  by  Eegulus ;  7tli  dam  by  Snip ;  8tli  dam 
Cottingbam;  9tb  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake;  10th  dam 
sister  to  the  Carlisle  gelding  by  the  Bald  Galloway. 

Spadille,  b.  c,  foaled  1784,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  Lord  A.  Hamil- 
ton, and  imported  into  Virginia.  1st  dam  Flora  by  Squirrel; 
2d  dam  Angelica  by  Snap ;  3d  dam  by  Eegulus ;  4th  dam  by 
Bartlett's  Childers;  5th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian;  6th 
dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Spark,  —  c,  foaled ,  by  Honeycomb  Punch ;  imported  into 

Maryland  by  Gov.  Ogle,  and  was  presented  to  him  by  Lord  Bal- 
timore, who  received  him  as  a  present  from  His  Eoyal  High- 
ness, Frederick,  Prince  of  Wales.  The  Wilkes'  mare  was  im- 
ported into  America  by  Col.  Colville,  of  Virginia,  and  called 
Miss  Colville.  1st  dam  Wilkes'  mare  (called  Miss  Colville)  by 
Hautboy ;  2d  dam  by  Brimmer. 

Spark  (Old),  foaled ,  bred  by ,  imported  by  Benj.  Tasker, 

Esq.,  Maryland.  By  Aleppo  (son  of  Parley  Arabian).  1st  dam 
by  Bartlett's  Childers;  2d  dam  by  Old  Spark  (son  of  Honey- 
comb Punch);  3d  dam  by  Coneyskins;  4th  dam  Sweetlips  by 
Cade ;  5th  dam  by  Jigg ;  Cth  dam  (dam  of  Squirt)  by  Snake. 

Speculator,  b.  c,  foaled  1795,  by  Dragon,  bred  by  the  Duke  of 
Bedford,  and  imported  into  Virginia  by  Col.  Hoomes,  in  1801. 
1st  dam  sister  to  Sting  by  Herod ;  2d  dam  Florizel's  dam  by 
Cygnet ;  3d  dam  by  Cartouch ;  4th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers ; 
5th  dam  Ebony  by  Basto ;  Gth  dam  Mr.  Massey's  mare  by  Mr. 
Massey's  Black  Barb. 

Sportsman,  ch.  c,  foaled  about  1757,  imported  into  South  Carolina 
by  Messrs.  Mansell,  Corbett  &  Co.  By  son  of  Blaze  out  of  a 
Second  mare.  1st  dam  by  Golden  Ball ;  2d  dam  by  Lord  Bed- 
ford's Arabian ;  3d  dam  by  Bay  Bolton. 

Spread  Eagle,  b.  c,  foaled  1792,  by  Volunteer,  bred  by  Sir  F. 
Standish,  and  imported  into  Virginia  by  Col.  Hoomes.  Died 
in  Kentucky  1805,  aged  13.  1st  dam  by  Highflyer ;  2d  dam 
by  Engineer ;  3d  dam  by  Cade ;  4th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by 
Traveler  ;  5th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  a  son  of  Greyhound ;  6th 
dam  1)y  Partner ;  7th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam  by  Woodcock ;  8th 
dam  by  Crofts'  Bay  Barb ;  9th  dam  by  Makeless  ;  10th  dam  by 
Brimmer;  11th  dam  by  Dicky  Pierson ;  12th  dam  Burton  Barb 
mare. 


572  THE  HORSE. 

Speightlt,  ch.  c,  foaled  17C3,  imported  by  Messrs.  Mansell,  Corbett 
&  Co.  into  South  Carolina,  17G7.  By  Sportsman,  also  imported 
by  the  same  parties.  1st  dam  by  Cartouch ;  2d  dam  by  Old 
Cade. 

Stafford,  —  c,  foaled  1833,  by  Memnon,  bred  by ,  and  im- 
ported into  New  York  the  spring  of  1835,  at  two  years  old.  He 
made  his  first  season  in  South  Carolina  in  1838,  and  died  in 
NoTember,  1840.  1st  dam  by  Piscator ;  2d  dam  Mademoiselle 
Presle  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  3d  dam  Nina  by  Eclipse  ;  4th  dam 
Pomona  by  Herod ;  5th  dam  Caroline  by  Snap ;  6th  dam  by 
Eegulus ;  7tli  dam  by  Hip ;  8th  dam  by  Hartley's  blind  horse ; 
9th  dam  by  Flying  Whig. 

Star,  b.  c,  foaled  1785,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  Eichard  Taylor,  Esq., 
and  imported  into  South  Carolina  by  General  John  McPherson. 
He  died  in  1811.  1st  dam  by  Snap;  2d  dam  Eiddle  (sister 
to  Pumpkin)  by  Matchem;  3d  dam  by  Squirt;  4tli  dam  Lot's 
dam  by  Mogiil ;  5th  dam  Camilla  by  Bay  Bolton ;  6tli  dam  Old 
Lady  by  Pullein's  Chestnut  Arabian  ;  7th  dam  by  Eockwood  ; 
8th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Starlikg,  c,  bred  by  Lord  Eockingham,  imported  into  South  Caro- 
lina about  1767,  owned  by  Wm.  Moultrie,  St.  John's  Parish,  up 
to  1772.  By  Old  Starling.  1st  dam  by  the  Godolphin  Ara- 
bian ;  2d  dam  by  Childers  ;  3d  dam  by  True  Blue  ;  4th  dam  by 
Cypress ;  5th  dam  Duke  of  Eutland's  famous  mare  Bonny 
Black  by  Black  Hearty ;  6th  dam  by  Persian  stallion. 

Starling,  g.  c,  foaled  1756  (it  is  said),  by  Young  Starling,  bred  by 
Mr.  Holme  ;  imported  by  Messrs.  Carlisle  &  Dalson,  of  Alexan- 
dria, Va.  We  cannot  find  the  produce  of  the  Eegulus  mare ; 
the  balance  of  the  joedigree  from  Eegulus  back  is  correct,  and 
doubtless  the  other  is.  1st  dam  by  Eegulus ;  2d  dam  by  Snake ; 
3d  dam  by  Partner ;  4th  dam  by  Crofts'  Egyptian ;  5th  dam 
Grey  Woodcock  by  Woodcock ;  6th  dam  Pet  Mare  by  Watsell's 
Turk;  7th  dam  by  Hautboy;  8th  dam  Trumpet's  dam  by 
Place's  White  Turk ;  9th  dam  by  Dodsworth ;  10th  dam  Layton 
Barb  mare. 

Starling,  g.  c,  foaled  1757 ;  imported  by  Messrs.  Carlisle  &  Dalson, 
of  Alexandria,  Va.,  in  the  ship  Christian.  Full  brother  to  the 
preceding  colt. 

Starling,  b.  c,  foaled  1757,  by  Young  Starling.  We  cannot  find 
this  colt.     1st  dam  by  Slipby ;  2d  dam  by  Partner;  3d  dam  by 


LIST    or    IMPORTED    STALLIONS.  573 

Greyhound;  4th  dam  by  "Wastell's  Turk;  5th  dam  by  Old 
Hautboy ;  6th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  7th  dam  by  Dods- 
worth ;  8tli  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Starli^stg,  g.  c,  foaled  1800,  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  bred  by  Mr.  Wil- 
son, and  imported  into  Virginia.  1st  dam  sister  to  Windlestone 
by  Magnet ;  2d  dam  by  Le  Sang ;  3d  dam  by  Eib ;  4th  dam 
Mother  Western  by  Smith's  son  of  Snake ;  5th  dam  by  Mon- 
tague ;  6th  dam  by  Hautboy ;  7th  dam  by  Brimmer. 

Sterlikg,  b.  c,  foaled  1757,  by  Young  Starling.  We  cannot  find 
this  colt;  the  pedigree  maybe  correct.  1st  dam  by  Eegulus; 
2d  dam  by  Roundhead;  3d  dam  by  Partner;  4th  dam  by 
Makeless;  5th  dam  by  Brimmer;  Gth  dam  Trumpet's  dam  by 
Place's  White  Turk ;  7th  dam  by  Dodsworth ;  Stli  dam  Layton 
Barb  mare. 

Sterling,  called  also  Starling,  g.  c,  foaled  1762,  by  the  Belsize  Ara- 
bian, bred  by  Mr.  Simpson,  and  imported  by  Capt.  William 
Evans,  of  Surry  county,  Va.  We  cannot  find  the  above  colt; 
the  pedigree  may  be  correct.  1st  dam  by  Bowe's  Snake ;  2d 
dam  by  Partner ;  3d  dam  by  Nephewson ;  4th  dam  Mr.  Shir- 
ley's famous  mare. 

Stirling,  b.  c,  foaled  1791,  by  Volunteer,  bred  by ,  and  im- 
ported into  Virginia,  1799,  by  Col.  Hoomes.  1st  dam  Harriet 
by  Highflyer ;  2d  dam  by  Young  Cade ;  3d  dam  Childerkin  by 
Second ;  4th  dam  Snap's  dam  by  Fox  ;  5tli  dam  Gipsey  by  Bay 
Bolton ;  Gth  dam  by  Duke  of  Newcastle's  Turk ;  7th  dam  by 
Byerly  Turk ;  8th  dam  by  Taflfolet  Barb ;  9th  dam  by  Place's 
White  Turk ;  10th  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Stone  Plover,  b.  c,  bred  by  Lord  Spencer,  foaled  1850;  imported 
by  Thomas  Williams,  and  stood  one  season  in  Kentucky ;  no-w- 
in Michigan.  By  Cotherstone.  1st  dam  Wryneck  by  Slane ; 
2d  dam  Gitaua  by  Tramp  ;  3d  dam  Mrs.  Fry  by  Walton  ;  4th 
dam  Vourneen  by  Sorcerer ;  5th  dam  Tooee  by  Buzzard  ;  6th 
dam  Violet  by  Shark ;  7th  dam  by  Syphon ;  8th  dam  Charlotte 
by  Blank;  9th  dam  by  Crab;  10th  dam  by  Dyer's  Dimple; 
11th  dam  by  Bethel's  Castaway ;  12th  dam  Why-not ;  13th  dam 
a  Royal  mare. 

Strap,  b.  c,  foaled  1800,  by  Beningbrough,  bred  by  Mr.  W.  Lee; 
imported  by  Mr.  Cotton  into  North  Carolina.  1st  dam  by 
Highflyer  ;  2d  dam  by  Tatler  ;  3d  dam  by  Snip  ;  4th  dam  by 
Godolpbin  Arabian ;  5th  dam  by  Frampton's  White-neck  by 


574  THE    HORSE. 

Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  Gth  dam  by  Old  Spot ;  7tli  dam  by  White- 
legged  Lowther  Barb ;  8tli  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

St.  George,  br.  c,  foaled  1771,  by  Dragon,  bred  by  Mr.  0.  Hanger, 
and  imported  (it  is  said)  by  Col.  Hoomes,  of  Virginia.  1st  dam 
Sally  by  Blank ;  2d  dam  Poppet  by  Black  Chance ;  3d  dam  by 
Looby;  4th  dam  by  Partner;  5th  dam  by  Woodcock;  6tli  dam 
by  Makeless ;  7th  dam  by  Dicky  Pierson ;  8tli  dam  Burton 
Barb  mare. 

St.  George,  b.  c,  foaled  1789 ;  imported  into  Virginia  (it  is  said)  by 
Col.  J.  C.  Goode,  Virginia.  By  Highflyer.  1st  dam  by  Eclipse; 
2d  dam  Miss  Spindleshanks  by  Omar ;  3d  dam  by  Starling ; 
4th  dam  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian  ;  5th  dam  by  Stanyan  Ara- 
bian ;  6th  dam  by  Pelham  Barb ;  7th  dam  by  Spot ;  8th  dam 
by  Wliite-legged  Lowther  Barb;  9th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

St.  Giles,  ch.  c,  foaled  1829,  by  Tramp,  bred  by  Eidsdale,  and 
imported  by  James  Jackson,  of  Alabama,  in  1835.  1st  dam 
Arcot  Lass  by  Ardrossan ;  2d  dam  by  Cramlington ;  3d  dam 
Floyerkin  by  Stride ;  4th  dam  Little  England's  dam  by  Jave- 
lin ;  5th  dam  sister  to  Toby  by  Highflyer;  6th  dam  by  Matchem ; 
7th  dam  by  Dainty  Davy ;  8th  dam  by  son  of  Mogul ;  9th  dam 
by  Crab;  10th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  11th  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay 
Barb ;  12th  dam  by  Old  Spot ;  13th  dam  by  White-legged  Low- 
ther Barb ;  14th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

St.  Paul,  ch.  c,  foaled  1789,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  H.  E.  H.  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  and  imported  into  Virginia  by  Wm.  Lightfoot, 
Esq.,  in  1804.  1st  dam  Purity  by  Matchem;  2d  dam  by 
Squirt;  3d  dam  Lot's  dam  by  Mogul;  4th  dam  Camilla  by 
Bay  Bolton ;  5th  dam  Old  Lady  (Starling's  dam)  by  Pullein's 
chestnut  Arabian ;  Gth  dam  by  Eockwood ;  7th  dam  by  Bust- 
ler. 

Sweeper,  bl.  c,  foaled  in  1751,  by  Sloe ;  imported  and  stood  in 
North  Carolina.  The  English  Stud  Book  does  not  state  the 
year  of  his  foaling;  see  vol.  1,  page  433.  1st  dam  by  Mogul; 
2d  dam  by  Partner ;  3d  dam  by  Coneyskins. 

Sweeper,  br.  or  bl.  c,  foaled ,  bred ,  and  imported  by 

.     By  Beaver's  Driver.    We  cannot  find  Sweeper,  and 

think  there  is  an  error  in  the  pedigree.  Thwaite's  Dun  mare 
was  the  dam  of  Beaver's  Driver,  the  sire  of  Sweeper.  We  sup- 
pose this  was  intended  for  Sweeper  by  Sloe,  which  we  give.  1  st 
dam  Thwaite's  Dun  mare  by  the  Ancaster  Turk ;  2d  dam  by 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    STALLIONS.  575 

the  Walpole  Barb ;  3d  dam  Miss  Belvoir  by  Grey  Grantham ; 
4th  dam  by  Paget  Turk;  5th  dam  Betty  Percival  by  Leedes' 
Arabian ;  6th  dam  by  Spanker. 
Swiss,  b.  c,  foaled  1821,  by  Whisker,  bred  by  Col.  Cradock,  and  im- 
ported in  1835,  by  F.  B.  Ogden.  1st  dam  by  Shuttle ;  2d  dam 
Lady  Sarah  by  Fidget ;  3d  dam  by  Alfred ;  4tli  dam  Magnolia 
by  Marske;  5  th  dam  by  Babraham;  6th  dam  by  Sedbury;  7th 
dam  Ebony  by  Childers ;  8th  dam  Ebony  by  Basto ;  9th  dam 
Massey  mare  by  Mr.  Massey's  Black  Barb. 

Tannee,  b.  c,  foaled  1757,  bred  by ,  and  imported  into  St. 

Mary's  county,   Md.,  by  Daniel  Wolstenholme.     By  Young 

Cade.     First  dam  by .    We  cannot  find  anything  beyond 

what  is  stated  above.  This  colt  was  run  by  Mr.  Harrison. 
(See  English  Eacing  Calendar  for  1762,  page  84.) 
Taequin,  —  c,  foaled  1720,  by  the  Hampton  Court  Chestnut  Ara- 
bian, bred  by  Mr.  Strickland.  1st  dam  Leedes'  mare  by  Leedes ; 
2d  dam  Moonah  Barb  mare. 
Taequin",  c.  ;  imported  into  South  Carolina,  1763;  stood  at  John 
Izard's,  on  Ashley  Eiver.  By  Old  Tarquin.  First  dam  an 
Arabian  mare. 
Tatteesall,  b.  c,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Mr.  Tattersall ;  imported  by 
Capt.  Donald  Kowe,  South  Carolina.  By  Saracen.  1st  dam 
Minnow  by  Filho  da  Puta ;  2d  dam  Mervinia  by  Walton ;  3d 
dam  Phantasmagoria  by  Precipitate ;  4th  dam  Cerberus  dam 
by  Herod ;  5th  dam  by  Marske ;  6th  dam  by  Skim ;  7th  dam 
Hag  by  Crab  ;  8th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers ;  9th  dam  Ebony  by 
Basto ;  10th  dam  Massey  mare  by  his  Black  Barb. 
Telegeaph,  br.  c,  foaled  1795,  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle,  bred  by  Mr. 
Baldock.  1st  dam  Fame  by  Pantaloon ;  2d  dam  Diomed's  dam 
by  Spectator ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Horatius  by  Blank ;  4th  dam 
by  Childers ;  5th  dam  Miss  Belvoir  by  Grey  Grantham ;  Gth 
dam  by  Paget  Turk ;  7th  dam  Betty  Percival  by  Leedes'  Ara- 
bian ;  8th  dam  by  Spanker. 
Teneeiffe,  b.  c,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Mr.  Boothe ;  imported  by 
Thos.  Flintoff,  Esq.,  Nashville,  Tenn.  By  Conqueror.  1st 
dam  by  Mulatto ;  2d  dam  by  Discount ;  3d  dam  by  Stamford ; 
4th  dam  by  Young  Marske ;  5th  dam  by  Bosphorus ;  6th  dam 
by  Eib ;  7th  dam  by  Hip ;  8tli  dam  Large  Hartley  mare  by 
Mr.  Hartley's  blind  horse  ;  9th  dam  Flying  Whig  by  Woodstock 
Arabian;  10th  dam  by  St.  Victor  Barb;  11th  dam  by  Why-- 
not ;  12th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 


576  THE  HOKSE. 

The  Eael,  b.  c,  foaled  1868 ;  imported  in  his  mother's  belly  by 
Mr.  A.  Belmont,  N.  Y.  By  The  Marquis :  dam  imported  Fleur- 
des-Champs  (which  see). 

Tickle  Toby,  b.  c.,  foaled  1786,  bred  by  Mr.  Wastell ;  the  property 
of  Caleb  Boush,  of  Princess  Anne  county,  Virginia.  By  Alfred. 
1st  dam  Ca;lia  by  Herod ;  2d  dam  Proserpine  by  Marske  ;  3d 
dam  Spiletta  by  Eegulus ;  4th  dam  Mother  Western  by  Smith, 
'.'  son  of  Snake ;  5th  dam  by  Montague ;  6th  dam  by  Hautboy ; 
7th  dam  by  Brimmer. 

Toby,  ch.  c.  (called  also  Sporting  Toby),  foaled ,  bred  by . 

By  Janus.  "We  cannot  find  this  colt.  He  was  imported  into 
North  Carolina,  and  was  the  property  of  Mr.  Alston,  of  that 
State.     1st  dam  by  Fox ;  2d  dam  by  Bald  Galloway. 

Toby,  b.  c,  foaled  1786,  by  Highflyer,  bred  by  Mr.  Bullock,  and  im- 
ported by  Col.  Tayloe,  of  Virginia.  He  died  on  his  passage  to 
America.  1st  dam  by  Matchem ;  2d  dam  by  Dainty  Davy ;  3d 
dam  by  a  son  of  Mogul ;  4th  dam  by  Crab ;  5  th  dam  by  Bay 
Bolton;  6th  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb;  7th  dam  by  Old 
Spot;  8th  dam  by  White-legged  Lowther  Barb;  9th  dam  Old 
Vintner  mare. 

Tom  Breeze,  ch.  c,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Thornhill;  imported 
by  John  Eouth,  Esq.,  Natchez,  Miss.  By  St.  Patrick.  1st  dam 
Maria  by  Whisker ;  2d  dam  Gibside  Fairy  by  Hermes  ;  3d  dam 
Vicissitude  by  Pipator ;  4th  dam  Beatrice  by  Sir  Peter ;  5tli 
dam  Pyrrha  by  Matchem ;  6th  dam  Duchess  by  Whitenose ; 
7th  dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by  Young  True  Blue ;  8th  dam  by 
Oxford  Dun  Arabian;  9th  dam  D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Eoyal 
mare, 

Tom  Ceib,  ch.  c,  foaled  1847,  by  Gladiator,  bred  by  Mr.  E.  E.  Oli- 
ver, or  Sir  E.  W.  Bulkeley,  and  imported  into  America ;  owned 
by  John  Appleton,  New  York.  1st  dam  Jemima  by  Count 
Porro ;  2d  dam  Mrs.  Suggs  by  Crispin  ;  3d  dam  by  Totteridge ; 
4th  dam  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  5th  dam  Maid  of  Ely  by  Tan- 
dem ;  6th  dam  Harlot's  dam  by  Herod ;  7th  dam  by  Young 
Cade. 

Tom  Jones,  g.  c,  foaled  1745,  by  Partner,  bred  by  Mr.  Crofts,  and 
imported  by  Sir  Marmaduke  Beckwith,  of  Virginia,  about  1755. 
1st  dam  by  True  Blue  ;  2d  dam  by  Cyprus ;  3d  dam  Bonny 
Black  by  Black  Hearty ;  4th  dam  by  a  Persian  stallion. 

Touchstone,  half-bred  c,  foaled  about  1800 ;  stood  at  Thos.  Beans', 
Pennsylvania.    By  Clothier  (son  of  Matchem) ;  dam  unknown. 


LIST    OF    IMPOKTED    STALLIONS.  577 

Tean^by,  br.  c,  foaled  1826,  by  Blacklock,  bred  by  Mr.  Eidsdde, 
and  imported,  in  1835,  by  Merritt  &  Co.,  of  Virginia.  1st  dam 
by  Orville;  2d  dam  Miss  Grimstone  by  Weasel;  3d  dam  by 
Ancaster  ;  4tli  dam  by  Damascus  Arabian ;  5th  dam  by  Samp- 
son ;  Gtli  dam  by  Oroonoko ;  7th  dam  sister  to  Mizra  by  Go- 
dolphin  Arabian ;  8tli  dam  by  Hobgoblin ;  9th  dam  by  White- 
foot;  10th  dam  by  Leedes;  11th  dam  Moonah  Barb  mare. 

Traveler  (Mr.  Coatsworth's),  —  c,  foaled  1746,  by  Traveler.  1st 
dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  2d  dam  Mr.  Durham's  Favorite  by 
a  son  of  Bald  Galloway ;  3d  dam  Daffodil's  dam  by  a  foreign 
horse  of  Sir  T.  Gascoigne's. 

Traveler  (Moreton's).  Various  conjectures  have  arisen  respecting 
the  true  pedigree  of  this  horse.  We  give  the  different  pedigrees. 
Bay  colt,  foaled  about  1748,  bred  by  Mr.  Crofts,  by  Partner. 
This  mare  had  colt  foals  by  Partner  in  1734,  '37,  '40,  '43,  '45, 
'46  and  '47.  She  missed  to  Partner  in  1742  and  1748.  Tliis  is 
the  true  pedigree.  1st  dam  Bay  Bloody  Buttocks  by  Bloody 
Buttocks ;  2d  dam  by  Greyhound ;  3d  dam  by  Makeless ;  4th 
dam  by  Brimmer;  5th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  6tli  dam 
by  Dodsworth  ;  7th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Traveler  (alias  Big  Ben),  b.  c,  foaled  1781,  and  imported  by  Wil- 
liam Barksdale,  of  London,  for  James  Strange,  Esq.,  near  Man- 
chester, Virginia,  in  1797.  By  Eclipse.  He  appears  as  Mr. 
Croke's  Charlemont.  1st  dam  by  Herod ;  2d  dam  by  Blank ; 
3d  dam  by  Snip ;  4tli  dam  by  Partner ;  5th  dam  by  Bloody 
Buttocks  ;  Gth  dam  by  Greyhound  ;  7th  dam  by  Makeless ;  8th 
dam  by  Brimmer ;  9th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  10  th  dam 
by  Dodsworth ;  11th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Trinculo,  b.  c,  foaled  ,  by  Willeby's  Old  Trinculo,  bred  by 

Mr.  R  W.  Pearce.  Wo  cannot  find  this  colt.  1st  dam  by  Jus- 
tice; 2d  dam  by  Highflyer;  3d  dam  by  Star  Gazer;  4th  dam  by 
Amazon. 

True  Blue,  b.  c,  foaled  1797,  by  Walnut,  bred  by  Mr.  Hutchison; 
imported  by  Governor  James  Turner,  of  Warren  county,  IS".  C, 
in  1803.  1st  dam  by  King  Fergus;  2d  dam  Cselia  by  Herod; 
3d  dam  Proserpine  l)y  Marske ;  4tli  dam  Spiletta  by  Eegulus ; 
5th  dam  Mother  Western  by  Smith,  son  of  Snake ;  6tli  dam  by 
Montague ;  7th  dam  by  Hautboy ;  8th  dam  by  Brimmer. 

Truffle  Young,  br.  c,  foaled  1824,  by  Old  Trufile,  bred  by  the 
Duke  of  Glaiche,  in  France,  and  imported  into  Virginia  by 
Vol.  L— 37 


578  THE   HOESE. 

James  Barbour,  Minister  Plenipotentiary  from  the  United  States 
to  the  Court  of  Great  Britain,  in  1830.  We  find  no  produce 
given  out  of  Helen,  but  that  is  doubtless  owing  to  her  exporta- 
tion to  France,  where  this  colt  was  foaled.  1st  dam  Helen  by 
Whiskey ;  2d  dam  Brown  Justice  by  Justice ;  3d  dam  Xenia 
by  Challenger ;  4th  dam  Xantippe  by  Eclipse ;  5th  dam  Gre- 
cian Princess  by  William's  Forester ;  6th  dam  by  the  Coalition 
colt ;  7th  dam  by  Bustard ;  8th  dam  Lord  Leigh's  Charming 
Molly  by  Second ;  9th  dam  Mr.  Hanger's  brov/n  mare  by  Stan- 
yan's  Arabian ;  10th  dam  Gipsey  by  King  William's  No-tongued 
Arabian;  11th  dam  by  Makeless;  13th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Teustee,  ch.  c,  foaled  1829,  by  Catton,  bred  by  Mr.  Eidsdale,  and 
imported,  in  1835,  by  Capt.  Stockton,  U.  S.  N.,  of  New  Jersey. 
1st  dam  Emma  by  Whisker;  2d  dam  Gibside  Fairy  by  Hermes; 
3d  dam  Vicissitude  by  Pipator ;  4th  dam  Beatrice  by  Sir  Peter 
Teazle;  5th  dam  Pyrrha  by  Matchem;  6th  dam  Duchess  by 
Whitenose ;  7th  dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by  Young  True  Blue ; 
8th  dam  by  Oxford  Dun  Arabian  ;  9tli  dam  by  D'Arcy's  Black- 
legged  Eoyal  mare. 

Tup,  b.  c,  foaled  1796,  by  Jayelin,  bred  by  Mr.  Bullock.  1st  dam 
Flavia  by  Plunder ;  2d  dam  Miss  Euston  by  Snap ;  3d  dam 
Charmer  by  Blank ;  4th  dam  by  Cartouch ;  5th  dam  by  Sore- 
heels  ;  6th  dam  by  Makeless  ;  7th  dam  D'Arcy's  Eoyal  mare. 

Valentine  (originally  called  Tommy  Longlegs),  b.  c,  foaled  1823, 
bred  by  Mr.  Houldsworth,  and  imported  into  New  York,  1826. 
By  Magistrate.  1st  dam  Miss  Forester  (first  called  Miss  Hol- 
land) by  Diamond ;  2d  dam  by  Alexander ;  3d  dam  Captain 
Absolute's  dam  by  Sweet  William;  4tli  dam  Thetis  byChymist; 
5th  dam  Curiosity  by  Snap  ;  6th  dam  by  Eegulus  ;  7th  dam  by 
Bartlett's  Childers ;  8th  dam  l3y  Hone}"wood's  Aral)ian ;  9th 
dam  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Valliant,  dun  colt,  foaled ,  by  Dormouse.    Wo  cannot  find 

this  colt.  1st  dam  by  Old  Crab  ;  2d  dam  by  Crofts'  Partner ; ' 
3d  dam  Thwaite's  dun  mare  by  the  Ancaster  Turk. 

Valpaeaiso,  ch.  c,  foaled  1831,  by  Velocipede,  bred  by  the  Duke 
of  Leeds,  and  imported  in  1840,  by  Messrs.  Shirley  &  Birch, 
Kentucky.  1st  dam  Juliana  by  Gohanna ;  2d  dam  Platina  by 
Mercury ;  3d  dam  by  Herod  ;  4th  dam  Young  Hag  by  Skim ; 
5th  dam  Hag  by  Crab ;  6th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers  ;  7th  dam 
Ebony  by  Basto  ;  8th  dam  Massey  mare  by  Mr.  Massey's  Black 
Barb. 


LIST   OF  IMPOETED   STALLIOKS.  579 

Vampire,  —  c,  foaled  1757,  by  Eegulus,  bred  by  Lord  Waldegrave. 
He  stood  in  Virginia.  Edgar  states  that  Vampire  was  by  Wil- 
son's Arabian ;  but  the  English  Stud  Book  states  he  was  by 
Eegulus.  1st  dam  (the  dam  of  Wildair)  by  Steady ;  2d  dam  by 
Partner;  3d  dam  by  Greyhound;  4tli  dam  Chestnut  Layton 
by  Makeless;  5th  dam  by  Counsellor;  6th  dam  by  Brimmer; 
7th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk. 

Venetiaist,  b.  c,  foaled  1782,  bred  by  Sir  James  Penn}Tnan,  of 
Yorkshire,  England.  By  Doge.  We  cannot  find  this  colt. 
We  find  two  stud  colts  called  Venetian,  by  Doge,  but  the  dams 
are  differently  bred  from  the  above.  1st  dam  by  Old  Snap  ;  2d 
dam  by  Dyer's  Dimple ;  3d  dam  by  Fox. 

Veketiaist,  ch.  c,  foaled  1786,  bred  by  Mr.  Panton.  By  Doge.  We 
are  inclined  to  believe  this  is  the  pedigree  of  the  Venetian  im- 
ported. 1st  dam  Helen  by  Conductor;  2d  dam  by  Shakes- 
peare ;  3d  dam  by  Cade ;  4th  dam  sister  to  Lodge's  Eoan  mare 
by  Partner. 

Victory,  b.  c,  foaled  1825,  by  Waterloo,  bred  by  the  Duke  of  Eut- 
land;  stood  at  Lancaster,  Pa.,  at  Edward  Parker's,  in  1835; 
imported  1833,  by  William  Jackson.  1st  dam  Adeline  by 
Soothsayer;  2d  dam  Elizabeth  by  Orville;  3d  dam  Penny- 
trumpet  by  Trumpator;  4th  dam  Young  Camilla  by  Wood- 
jDecker;  5th  dam  Camilla  by  Trentham ;  6th  dam  Coquette  by 
the  Compton  Barb ;  7th  dam  sister  to  Eegulus  by  the  Godol- 
phin  Arabian ;  8th  dam  Grey  Eobinson  by  the  Bald  Galloway ; 
9th  dam  by  Snake ;  10th  dam  Old  Wilkes,  a  daughter  of  Old 
Hautboy. 

Volnet,  b.  c,  foaled  1833,  by  Velocipede,  bred  by  Mr.  E.  Stephen- 
son; imported  into  Tennessee.  1st  dam  by  Phantom;  2d  dam 
by  Overton  ;  3d  dam  Gratitude's  dam  by  Walnut ;  4th  dam  by 
Euler ;  5th  dam  Pirancanthaby  Matchem  ;  6th  dam  Prophetess 
by  Eegulus ;  7th  dam  Jenny  Spinner  by  Partner ;  8th  dam  by 
Greyhound;  9th  dam  Sophonisba's  dam  by  Dyer's  Dimple; 
10th  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb;  11th  dam  by  D'Arcy's 
Chestnut  Arabian ;  12th  dam  by  Whiteshirt ;  13th  dam  Mon- 
tague mare. 

V^olunteer,  ch.  c,  foaled ,  by  Volunteer,  bred  by  Col.  O'Kelly, 

and  imported  by  Col.  Tayloe,  of  Virginia,  along  with  Dungan- 
non.  We  cannot  find  the  Whipcord  mare,  but  find  her  dam. 
Miss  Wriggle,  by  Blank.     1st  dam  by  Whipcord;  2d  dam  by 


580  THE    HOESE. 

Blank  (Miss  Wriggle) ;  3d  dam  by  Crab ;  4th  dam  by  Childers ; 
5th  dam  Miss  Jigg  (sister  to  Partner)  by  Jigg ;  Gth  dam  sister 
to  Mixbury  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  7th  dam  by  Old  Spot ; 
8th  dam  by  White-legged  Lowther  Barb ;  9th  dam  Old  Vintner 
mare. 

Waltoist,  b.  c,  foaled  1864,  bred  by  Mr.  W.  Eeeves ;  imported  into 
America  1868.  By  Wild  Deyrell:  dam  Alma  by  Flatcatcher; 
2d  dam  Miss  Gilmour  by  Physician ;  3d  dam  by  Stamford ;  4th 
dam  Lady  of  the  Lake  by  Beningbrough ;  5th  dam  Thatchella 
by  Highflyer ;  6tli  dam  by  Marske;  7th  dam  by  Eegulus;  8th 
dam  by  Steady. 

Wakminstek,  b.  or  b.  c,  foaled  1859,  bred  by ;  imported  by 

R.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  New  York.  By  Newminster.  1st  dam 
Black  Bess  by  Ratcatcher ;  2d  dam  Polydora  by  Priam,  dam  of 
Polydore  and  Wrotham ;  3d  dam  Manto  by  Tiresias  (dam  of 
Cassandra) ;  4th  dam  by  Walton ;  5th  dam  Young  Noisette  by 
Diomed ;  6tli  dam  Noisette  by  Squirrel ;  7th  dam  Carina  by 
Marske ;  8th  dam  (Thunder's  dam)  by  Blank ;  9tli  dam  Dizzy 
by  Driver;  10th  dam  by  Smiling  Tom;  11th  dam  by  Oyster- 
foot;  12th  dam  by  Merlin;  13th  dam  by  Commoner;  14th  dam 
Coppin  mare. 

Whale,  b.  c,  foaled  1830,  by  Whalebone,  bred  by  Mr.  Greville,  and 
imported  into  Virginia,  in  1835,  by  Merritt  &  Co.  1st  dam 
Rectory  by  Octavius  ;  2d  dam  Catherine  by  Woodpecker ;  3d 
dam  Camilla  by  Trentham ;  4tli  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton 
Barb ;  5th  dam  sister  to  Regulus  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian ; 
6tli  dam  Grey  Robinson  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  7th  dam  by 
Old  Snake;  8th  dam  Old  Wilkes  by  Old  Hautboy. 

Whip,  b.  c,  foaled  1794,  by  Saltram,  bred  byMr.  Durand;  imported 
into  Virginia,  1801.  Died  1825.  1st  dam  by  Herod ;  2d  dam 
by  Oroonoko ;  3d  dam  Creampot's  dam  by  Cartoucli ;  4th  dam 
Arabian  mare  of  Sir  John  Seabright's. 

Whikligig,  b.  c,  foaled  1763,  by  Capt. ,  bred ,  and 

imported  by  Capt.  Allen  into  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1773.  He 
was  a  successful  racer,  and  stood  in  North  Carolina.  We  can- 
not find  this  colt.  1st  dam  by  Devonshire  Blacklegs ;  2d  dam 
by  True  Blue ;  3d  dam  by  Bloody  Shouldered  Arabian ;  4th 
dam  D'Arcy's  Royal  mare. 

Whittingtox,  ch.  c,  foaled  1743,  by  a  brother  to  Whitenose,  bred 
by  the  Duke  of  Marlborough.     There  has  been  a  doubt  about 


LIST   OF   IMPOKTED    STALLIONS.  581 

the  true  pedigree  of  this  colt.  We  believe  this  to  be  the  true 
pedigree,  being  the  only  Whittington,  and  corresponding  to 
him.  1st  dam  by  Stanyan's  Arabian ;  2d  dam  by  Curwen's 
Bay  Barb ;  3d  dam  by  Marshall's  Spot ;  4th  dam  by  White- 
legged  Lowther  Barb ;  5th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

WiLDAiR,  b.  c,  foaled  1753,  by  Cade,  bred  by  Mr.  Swinburne,  and 
imported  by  James  Delancey ;  sold  afterward  and  reshipped  to 
England,  where  he  was  let  to  mares  at  40  guineas  each.  1st  dam 
by  Steady ;  2d  dam  by  Partner ;  3d  dam  by  Greyhound ;  4th 
dam  Chestnut  Layton  byMakeless;  5th  dam  by  Counsellor; 
Gth  dam  by  Brimmer ;  7th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk. 

William  IV,  b.  c,  foaled  1834,  by  Trauby,  bred  by  Mr.  Shard,  and 
imported  into  America.  He  stood  at  Cincinnati  Pace  Course, 
Ohio,  in  1839,  at  Geo.  IST.  Sanders  &  Go's.  1st  dam  Codicil  by 
Smolensko ;  2d  dam  Legacy  by  Beningbrough  ;  3d  dam  Roxana 
by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  4th  dam  Tulip  by  Damper ;  5th  dam  by 
Eclipse;  6th  dam  Parity  by  Matchem;  7th  dam  Snapdragon 
by  Snap ;  8th  dam  by  Regulus ;  9th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ; 
10th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  llth  dam,  dam  of  the  two 
True  Blues. 

Wonder  (called  Crippled  Wonder),  ch.  c,  foaled  1794,  by  Phosnom- 
enon,  bred  by  Lord  Fitzwilliam,  and  imported  in  the  fall  of 
1803  into  Virginia.  1st  dam  by  imp.  Diomed ;  2d  dam  Desde- 
mona  by  Marske ;  3d  dam  Young  Hag  by  Skim ;  4tli  dam  by 
Crab  (Hag) ;  5th  dam  by  Childers  (Ebony) ;  Gth  dam  Ebony 
by  Basto;  7th  dam  Massey  mare  by  Mr.  Massey's  Black 
Barb. 

Wonder,  b.  c,  foaled  1786,  by  Florizel,  bred  by  Mr.  Lacey.  1st 
dam  Sackarissa  by  Matchem ;  2d  dam  Aurora  by  Duke  of 
Northumberland's  Golden  Arabian ;  3d  dam  by  Snip  ;  4th  dam 
by  Godolphin  Arabian ;  5tli  dam  by  Bald  Galloway ;  6th  dam 
by  Ancaster  Turk. 

Wrangler,  b.  c,  foaled  1794,  by  imported  Diomed,  bred  by  Sir 
Charles  Bunbury ;  imported  into  Virginia,  1802.  1st  dam 
Fleacatcher  by  Goldtinder ;  2d  dam  by  Squirrel ;  3d  dam  by 
Ball ;  4th  dam  by  Lath  ;  5th  dam  sister  to  Snip  by  Childers ; 
Gth  dam  sister  to  Soreheels  by  Basto ;  7th  dam  sister  to  the 
Mixbury  Galloway  by  Curwen's  Barb ;  8tli  dam  by  Curwen's 
Spot;  9th  dam  by  White-legged  Lowther  Barb;  10th  dam  Old 
Vintner  mare. 


682  THE    HOESE. 

YoEKSHiRE,  b.  c,  foaled  1834,  by  St.  JSTicliolas,  bred  by  Mr.  Moss, 
and  imported  by  R  D.  Sbippard,  of  Jefferson  county,  Va. ; 
afterward  the  proj;)erty  of  Hon.  Henry  Clay,  and  died  the  prop- 
erty of  his  son,  John  M.  Clay,  of  Ashland,  near  Lexington,  Ky., 
in  1859,  age  37.  1st  dam  Miss  Rose  by  T]-amp;  2d  dam  by 
Sancho ;  3d  dam  Blacklock's  dam  by  Coriander ;  4tli  dam  Wild- 
goose  (sister  to  Hyperion)  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  Coheiress  by 
Pot-8-o's;  6th  dam  Manilla  by  Goldfinder;  7th  dam  by  Old 
England ;  8th  dam  by  Cullen  Arabian ;  9th  dam  by  Cade ;  10th 
dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young  Greyhound;  11th  dam  by  Part- 
ner; 12th  dam  by  Woodcock;  13th  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb  ; 
14th  dam  by  Makeless;  15th  dam  by  Brimmer;  16th  dam  by 
Dicky  Pierson;  17th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

YouiSTG  Fazzoletto,  a  rich  blood  bay,  with  black  legs,  sixteen 
hands  high,  bred  and  imported  by  A.  Keene  Eichards,  Esq.,  of 
Scott  county,  Ky. ;  is  by  Fazzoletto,  son  of  Orlando.  1st  dam 
Emilia  by  Young  Emilius ;  2d  dam  Persian  by  Whisker ;  3d 
dam  "Variety  by  Selim ;  4th  dam  Sprite  by  Bobtail;  5th  dam 
Catharine  by  Woodpecker.  Catharine  was  the  dam  of  Go- 
lumpus,  the  sire  of  Catton  that  sired  Trustee,  and  Gallopade 
the  dam  of  Reel,  the  dam  of  Lecomte,  Prioress  and  Starke ;  6th 
dam  Camilla  by  Trentham  ;  7th  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton 
Barb ;  8th  dam  sister  to  Regulus  by  Godolphin  Arabian ;  9th 
dam  Grey  Robinson  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  10th  dam  by  Snake, 
son  of  Lister  Turk;  11th  dam  Old  Wilkes  by  Old  Hautboy; 
12th  dam  Miss  D'Arcy's  Pet  mare;  13th  dam  a  Royal  mare. 

Young  Flatcatcher,  called  in  the  English  Stud  Book  Tlie  Law- 
yer, br.  c,  foaled  1856,  bred  by  Mr.  S.  Cass ;  purchased  in  1860 
by  Mr.  R.  Wardle  for  Gen.  S.  R.  Gist,  South  Carolina,  By 
Flatcatcher.  1st  dam  Miss  Gilmour  by  Physician ;  2d  dam  by 
Stamford ;  3d  dam  Lady  of  the  Lake  by  Beningbrough ;  4th 
dam  Thatchella  by  Highflyer;  5th  dam  by  Marske;  6th  dam 
by  Regulus  ;  7tli  dam  by  Steady. 

Y^'or^iTG  Spot,  ch.  c,  foaled ,  by  Old  Spot;  imported  by  Mr. 

Hyde,  of  Fredericksburgh,  Va.  We  cannot  find  this  colt.  1st 
dam  by  Martindale's  Regulus;  2d  dam  by  Jigg;  3d  dam  by 
Tom  Jones  ;  4th  dam  by  Young  Greyhound. 

ZiNGANEE,  b.  c,  foaled  1825,  by  Tramp,  bred  by  Lord  Exeter,  and 
imported  by  Messrs,  Merritt  into  Virginia.  Died  fall  1841. 
1st  dam  Folly  by  Young  Drone;  2d  dam  Regina  by  Moorcock; 


LIST   OF   IMPOETED   MAEES.  583 

3d  dam  Eally  by  Trumpator ;  4th  dam  Fancy  (sister  to  Diomed) 
by  Florizel ;  5th  dam  by  Spectator  (sister  to  Juno) ;  Gth  dam 
sister  to  Horatius  by  Blank ;  7th  dam  by  Childers ;  8th  dam 
Miss  Belvoir  by  Grey  Grantham ;  9th  dam  by  Paget  Turk ; 
10th  dam  Betty  Percival  by  Leedes'  Arabian;  11th  dam  by 
Spanker. 
ZiJ^GANEE  or  Peiam  horse,  b.  c,  foaled  183  G,  bred  by  Lord  Chester- 
field; imported  into  New  Orleans,  and  purchased  by  Eichard 
Haile,  Esq.  By  Zinganee  or  Priam.  1st  dam  Theresa  Panza 
by  Cervantes ;  2d  dam  Gadabout  by  Oi  ville  ;  3d  dam  Minstrel 
by  Sir  Peter ;  4th  dam  Matron  by  Florizel ;  5  th  dam  Maiden 
by  Matchem ;  6th  dam  by  Squirt ;  7th  dam  by  Mogul. 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MARES. 

AcTAEON"  Maee,  eh.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  King  William  IV; 
imported  into  Indiana  by  Col.  Oakley,  1840.  By  Actaeon.  1st 
dam  Ada  (sister  to  Augusta)  by  Woful ;  2d  dam  by  Rubens ; 
3d  dam  Guildford  mare  by  Guildford  (son  of  Highflyer) ;  4th 
dam  Vulture's  dam  by  Justice ;  5tli  dam  Parsley  by  Pot-8-o's ; 
Gth  dam  Lady  Bolinbroke  by  Squirrel ;  7th  dam  Herod's  dam. 

AcTEESS,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  His  Majesty  William  IV ;  im- 
ported by  Col.  Wade  Hampton,  South  Carolina.  By  The  Col- 
onel. 1st  dam  Miss  Clifton  by  Partizan ;  2d  dam  Isis  by  Sir 
Peter;  3d  dam  Ibis  by  Woodpecker;  4th  dam  Isabella  by 
Eclipse ;  5th  dam  by  Squirrel ;  Gth  dam  Ancaster  Nancy  by 
Blank ;  7th  dam  Phoebe  by  Tortoise ;  8th  dam  by  Looby ;  9tli 
dam  by  Partner,  etc. 

Adana,  ch.  f,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Mr.  Yates;  imported  by  E.  H. 
Boardman,  Esq.,  Alabama.  By  Sultan.  1st  dam  Eachel  by 
Whalebone ;  2d  dam  Moses'  dam  by  Gohanna ;  3d  dam  Grey 
Skim  by  Woodpecker ;  4tli  dam  Silver's  dam  by  Herod ;  5th 
dam  Young  Hag  by  Skim ;  Gth  dam  Hag  by  Crab ;  7th  dam 
Ebony  by  Childers ;  8th  dam  Old  Ebony  by  Basto ;  9th  dam 
Massey  mare  by  Massey's  Black  Barb. 

Adela  (The  Colonel's  Daughter),  b.  f.,  foaled  1839 ;  imported  by 
L.  J.  Polk,  Esq.,  Tennessee.  By  The  Colonel :  dam  imp.  Vari- 
ella  by  Blacklock.     (See  imp.  Variella.) 


584  THE    HOKSE. 

Adeiana,  b.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Mr.  Kidsdale ;  imported  into 
South  Carolina  by  Col.  Singleton.  By  Mulatto.  1st  dam  Oc- 
tavia  by  Walton ;  2d  dam  Marcia  by  Coriander ;  3d  dam  Faith 
by  Pacolet ;  4th  dam  Atalanta  by  Matchem ;  5th  dam  Lass  of 
the  Mill  by  Oroonoko,  etc. 

Alakm,  b.  f.,  foaled  1820,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor ;  imported  by 
C.  H.  Hall,  New  York,  28th  July,  1824.  By  Thunderbolt.  1st 
dam  Zadora  by  Trafalgar ;  2d  dam  Nike  by  Alexander ;  3d  dam 
Nimble  by  Florizel ;  4th  dam  Eantipole  by  Blank ;  otli  dam 
sister  to  Careless  by  Eegulus;  6th  dam  Silvertail  by  Heneage's 
Whitenose ;  7th  dam  by  Eattle,  etc.,  etc.,  etc. 

Albertazzi  (called  Fuga)  ch.  f.,  bred  by  Mr.  Petit ;  imported  by 
E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala.,  1837.  By  Partizan. 
1st  dam  Bravura  by  Outcry;  2d  dam  Prodigious  by  Caleb 
Quotem ;  3d  dam  Fair  Forester  by  Alexander ;  4th  dam  by  Sir 
Peter;  5th  dam  Maid  of  Ely  by  Tandem;  6th  dam  Harlot's 
dam  by  Herod ;  7th  dam  by  Young  Cade. 

Alexandria,  f.,  foaled  1796,  bred  by  Mr.  Kidd;  imported  by  Col. 
John  Hoomes,  Bowling  Green,  Va.  By  Alexander  (son  of 
Eclipse).  She  cannot  be  found  in  Weatherby;  the  pedigree  is 
unquestionably  correct. — S.  D.  B.  1st  dam  by  Woodpecker ;  2d 
dam  by  Phlegon ;  3d  dam  by  Highflyer,  Lord  Egremont's  High- 
flyer mare. 

Alfred  Mare,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1767,  bred  by  Mr.  Curzon ;  imported 
by  Col.  Chas.  Mayle,  Norfolk,  Va.,  before  the  Eevolution.  By 
Alfred.  1st  dam  by  Cade ;  2d  dam  by  Lister's  Squirrel ;  3d 
dam  by  Mixbury ;  4th  dam  by  Terror ;  5th  dam  by  Hutton's 
Bay  Barb ;  6th  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Alfred  Mare,  ch.  f.,  foaled  about  1780;  imported  into  Virginia 
by  Edward  Carter,  Esq.  By  Alfred  (brother  to  Conductor  and 
Dictator),     1st  dam  by  Squirt ;  2d  dam  by  Crab. 

Allegrante,  b.  f.,  bred  and  owned  by  Gov.  Jas.  Barbour,  Virginia ; 
presented  to  Hon.  H.  Clay.  By  imported  Young  Trufile.  First 
dam  imported  Phantomia  by  Phantom  (which  see). 

Amanda,  b.  f.,  foaled  1828,  bred  by  Duke  of  Grafton ;  imported  by 
E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  near  Huntsville,  Alabama.  By  Morisco 
(son  of  Muley).  1st  dam  Mantua  by  Woful ;  2d  dam  Miltonia 
by  Patriot ;  3d  dam  Miss  Muston  by  King  Fergus ;  4th  dam 
Columbine  by  Espersykes ;  5th  dam  by  Babraham  Blank ;  6th 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    MAKES.  585 

dam  Tipsy  by  Starling;  7tli.dam  Switch  by  Lonsdale  Arabian ; 
8th  dam  by  Cyprus  Arabian ;  9th  dam  Crab's  dam. 

Amazoist,  b.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Sir  T.  Stanley ;  imported  into 
Alabama;  ran  in  the  name  of  D.  Stephenson,  Esq.  By  Bird- 
catcher,  1st  dam  by  Eubens ;  2d  dam  Hipped  mare  by  Meteor ; 
3d  dam  Petrowna  by  Sir  Peter ;  4th  dam  Georgiana  by  Sweet- 
briar  ;  5th  dam  Capella  by  Herod ;  6tli  dam  Miss  Cape  by  Eeg- 
ulus ;  7th  dam  Eouth's  Blackeyes  by  Crab ;  8th  dam  Warlock 
Galloway  by  Snake. 

Amazojst,  b.  f.,  foaled  1859,  by  King  Tom,  bred  by  Sir  Kobert  Peel ; 
imported  by  Messrs.  Dudley  &  Bruce,  agents  of  the  Kentucky 
Importing  Company.  Property  of  M.  T.  Armant,  Lexington, 
Ky.  1st  dam  Buzz  by  MuleyMuloch;  2d  dam  Scandal  by 
Selim;  3d  dam  by  Haphazard;  4th  dam  by  Precipitate;  5th 
dam  Colibri  by  Wooclpecker ;  6th  dam  Camilla  by  Trentham ; 
7th  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton  Barb ;  8th  dam  sister  to 
Piegulus  by  Godolplim  Arabian ;  9th  dam  Grey  Robinson  by 
the  Bald  Galloway;  lOtli  dam  by  Snake  (sister  to  Country 
Wench);  11th  dam  Grey  Wilkes  by  Hautboy;  12th  dam  Miss 
D'Arcy's  Pet  mare ;  13th  dam  Sedbury  Eoyal  mare. 

Amina,  b.  f.,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Mr.  Gardner ;  imported  by  E.  H. 
Boardman,  Esq.,  HuntsYille,  Ala.  By  Gaberlunzie.  1st  dam 
Luna  by  Wanderer ;  2d  dam  by  Canopus ;  3d  dam  by  Teddy 
the  Grinder ;  4th  dam  by  Precipitate  ;  5th  dam  by  Pumpkin ; 
6th  dam  Flea  Catcher  by  Goldfinder ;  7tli  dam  by  Squirrel ;  8th 
dam  by  Ball,  etc. 

AMrKATH  Maee,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1842,  bred  by ;  imported  by 

Messrs.  Cammack  &  Co.,  New  Orleans.  By  Amurath  (son  of 
Langar).  1st  dam  by  Champion;  2d  dam  by  Cestrian ;  3d  dam 
Paulina  by  Orville;  4th  dam  by  Shuttle;  5th  dam  Hopeful 
by  Sir  Peter ;  6th  dam  Play  or  Pay's  dam  by  Herod. 

Amueath  Maee,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1842,  bred  by ;  imported  by 

Messrs.  Cammack  &  Co.,  New  Orleans,  La.  By  Amurath.  1st 
dam  by  Recovery  (foaled  1836) ;  2d  dam  The  Nun  by  Black- 
lock;  3d  dam  by  Whisker ;  4th  dam  by  Orville  ;  5th  dam  Otter- 
ington's  dam  by  Golnmpus;  6th  dam  by  Expectation;  7th  dam 
Calabria  by  Spadille ;  8th  dam  Grog's  dam  by  Alfred,  etc. 

Anna  Maeia,  ch.  f ,  foaled  1829,  bred  by ;  imported  by 

Gov.  Jas.  Barbour,  with  her  dam  Phantomia.  By  English 
Truffle.     (See  imported  Phantomia.)     1st  dam  Phantomia  by 


586  THE    HOESE. 

Phantom;  2d.  dam  by  Walton;  3d  dam  Allegranti  by  Pegasus; 
4th  dam  Orange  Squeezer  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  Mop  Squeezer 
by  Matchem. 

Antigua,  b.  f.,  foaled  1839;  imported  in  her  mother's  belly  by 
Thos.  Flintofi",  Esq.,  Tennessee.  By  English  Sheet  Anchor: 
dam  imp.  Titsey  by  Langar.     (See  imp.  Titsey.) 

Anvilika,  b.  £,  foaled  1794  or  '6,  bred  by  Mr.  0.  Kelly,  and  pre- 
sented by  him  to  Col.  Tayloe,  of  Virginia.  (Sold  to  Col.  Alston, 
S.  C.)  Died  November,  1812.  By  Anvil.  1st  dam  Augusta 
by  Eclipse ;  2d  dam  Hardwicke's  dam  by  Herod ;  3d  dam  by 
Bajazet ;  4th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  5th  dam  by  Lonsdale  Arabian ; 
6th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  7th  dam  by  Parley's  Arabian. 

ARABiAisr  Mare,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  imported  by . 

By  Panton  Arabian.  1st  dam  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian ;  2d 
dam  by  Snap ;  3d  dam  the  Widdrington  mare  by  Partner ;  4th 
dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  5th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  6th  dam 
by  Makeless ;  7tli  dam  by  Brimmer ;  8th  dam  by  Place's  White 
Turk;  9th  dam  by  Dodsworth;  10th  dam  Lay  ton  Barb  mare. 

Arkica,  br.  f.,  foaled  1862,  bred  by  Capt.  Skipworth ;  imported  into 
Canada,  1868;  covered  by  Lord  Clifden.  By  Cheddington: 
dam  Tuteliua  by  The  Cure ;  2d  dam  Telltale  by  The  Nob ;  3d 
dam  Premature  by  Touchstone ;  4th  dam  Frederica  by  Moses ; 
5th  dam  sister  to  Eomana  by  Gohanna ;  6th  dam  by  Sir  Peter ; 
7th  dam  Nerissa  by  Volunteer ;  8th  dam  by  Herod ;  9th  dam 
by  Cygnet;  10th  dam  by  Cartouch  ;  11th  dam  Ebony  by  Chil- 
ders ;  12tli  dam  Old  Ebony  by  Basto ;  13th  dam  Massey  mare 
by  his  Black  Barb. 

Attractioi^,  b.  f.,  foaled  1861,  bred  by  Mr.  Johnstone ;  imported 
into  Nova  Scotia,  1865 ;  covered  by  Diophantus.  By  New- 
minster:  dam  Helen  Faucit  by.Telemachus;  2d  dam  Rebecca 
by  Lottery ;  3d  dam  by  Cervantes ;  4th  dam  Anticipation  by 
Beningbrough.     (For  balance  of  pedigree  see  Polenta.) 

Augustus  Mare,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Mr.  Sowerby;  imported  by 

.    By  Augustus.     1st  dam  Toso  by  Eainbow ;  2d  dam 

Brown  Duchess  by  Orville;  3d  dam  Sagana  by  Sorcerer;  4th 
dam  by  Woodpecker ;  5th  dam  Gohanna's  dam  by  Herod ;  6tli 
dam  Maiden  by  Matchem. 

Aurelia,  b.  £,  foaled  1794,  bred  by  Mr.  0.  Kelly.  By  Anvil:  dam 
Augusta  by  Eclipse.    (See  Anvehna.) 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MAEES.  587 

Au  Eevoir,  called  Belle  Boyd  in  England,  ch.  f.,  foaled  18G4,  bred 
by  Mr.  E.  C.  !N"aylor ;  imported  and  owned  by  E.  W.  Cameron, 
Esq,  Clifton  Stud  Farm,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.  By  Longbow. 
1st  dam  Heroine  by  ISTeasbam ;  2d  dam  the  Maid  of  Saragossa 
by  Jereed ;  3d  dam  (sister  to  Ainderby)  by  Velocipede ;  4tli  dam 
Kate  by  Catton ;  5th  dam  Miss  Garforth  by  Walton  ;  6th  dam 
by  Hyacinthns ;  T'th  dam  Zara  by  Delpini ;  8tli  dam  Flora  by 
King  Fergus;  9th  dam  Atalauta  by  Matchem;  lOtli  dam  Lass 
of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko;  11th  dam  sister  to  Clark's  Lass  of 
the  Mill  by  Old  Traveler;  12th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young 
Greyhound;  13th  dam  by  Old  Partner;  14tli  dam  (dam  of 
Lambton  Miss  Doe)  by  Woodcock;  loth  dam  by  Crofts' Bay 
Barb;  16th  dam  (Desdemona's  dam)  by  Makeless;  17th  dam 
by  Brimmer ;  18th  dam  by  Dicky  Pierson  (son  of  Dodsworth) ; 
19th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare — stinted  to  Honiton  (son  of 
Stockwell  out  of  Flax)  by  Surplice. 

Babeaham,  f.,  foaled ;   imported  into  the  United  States  by 

.     By  Babraham.     1st  dam  by  Old  Starling;  2d  dam  by 

Bethell's  Arabian ;  3d  dam  by  Graham's  Champion ;  4th  dam  hj 
Darley's  Arabian ;  5tli  dam  by  Old  Merlin. 

Babta,  b.  f.,  bred  by  Sn-  J.  B.  Mill,  foaled  1858,  by  Kingston;  im- 
ported by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  New  York.  1st  dam  Alice 
Lowe  by  Defence ;  2d  dam  Pet  by  Gainsborough,  dam  of  Pert, 
Petulant  and  Passion ;  3d  dam  by  Topsy-Turvy ;  4th  dam 
Agnes  by  Shuttle ;  5th  dam  by  Highflyer ;  6th  dam  by  Gold- 
finder;  7th  dam  Lady  Bolingbroke  by  Squirrel;  8th  dam 
Herod's  dam  Cjqn-on  by  Blaze ;  9th  dam  Selina  by  Bethell's 
Arabian ;  10th  dam  by  Graham's  Champion ;  11th  dam  l^y 
Darley's  Arabian ;  12tli  dam  by  ]\Ierlin. 

Bajazet  Mare,  bred  by  Mr.  Wildeman ;  owned  in  L^nited  States 
by  Abm.  Barnes,  Esq.,  Maryland.  By  Bajazet.  1st  dam  by 
Babraham  ;  2d  dam  by  Sedbury ;  3d  dam  Ebony  by  Childers ; 
4th  dam  Ebony  by  Basto ;  5th  dam  by  Massey's  Black  Barb. 

Barbaeitt,  b.  f.,  foaled  1854,  bred  by  Mr.  Brashaw;  imported 
into  United  States  in  1859;  owned  by  F.  Morris,  Esq.  By 
Simoon.  1st  dam  by  Buzzard ;  2d  dam  Donna  Maria  by  Bar- 
tizan ;  3d  dam  Donna  Clara  by  Cesario ;  4th  dam  Nimble  by 
Florizel ;  5th  dam  Eantipole  by  Blank ;  6t]i  dam  Joan  by  Eeg- 
ulus;  7th  dam  Silvertail  by  Heneage's  Whitenose;  8th  dam  by 
Eattle ;  9th  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian. 


588  THE    HORSE. 

Bashful,  b.  f.,  foaled  1831,  bred  by  Lord  Oxford;  imported  by 

.    By  St.  Patrick.     1st  dam  Spavina  by  Orville  ;  2d  dam 

Miraudola  by  Haphazard;  3d  dam  Allegretta  by  Trumpator; 
4th  dam  Young  Camilla  by  Woodpecker ;  5th  dam  Camilla  by 
Trentham ;  6th  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton  Barb ;  7th  dam 
sister  to  Eegulas  by  Godolphin  Arabian. 

Battledore  Mare,  ch.  £,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Sir  T.  Stanley;  im- 
ported by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala.  By  Battledore. 
1st  dam  Mima  by  General  Miua ;  2d  dam  Maid  of  Lord  by  Cas- 
trel ;  3d  dam  by  Eichardson's  Marske ;  4th  dam  by  Eocking- 
ham ;  5th  dam  Butterfly  by  Eclipse,  etc. 

Bat  Maltoit  Mare,  foaled  (it  is  said)  in  1837,  bred  by 


imported  by  J.  Maxwell,  South  Carolina.  By  Bay  Malton.  1st 
dam  by  Whisker ;  2d  dam  I'm  Sure  He  Shan't  by  Coriclauus ; 
3d  dam  Warrior's  dam  by  Young  Marske ;  4th  dam  by  Matcliem ; 
5th  dam  by  Tarquin ;  Gth  dam  Antelope's  sister  by  Young  Bel- 
grade. 

Beautiful  Star,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1865,  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Watson;  im- 
ported by  Mr.  A.  Belmont,  New  York,  1868.  Covered  by 
Adamas  by  Weatherbit:  dam  Mrs.  Dodds  by  Irish  Birdcatcher; 
2d  dam  Sophistry  by  Voltair ;  3d  dam  Wagtail  by  Whisker ; 
4th  dam  by  Sorcerer ;  5th  dam  by  Sir  Solomon ;  6th  dam  by 
Young  Marske ;  7tli  dam  Phoenomenon ;  8th  dam  Calliope  by 
Slouch  ;  9th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko  ;  10th  dam  by 
Traveler ;  11th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young  Greyhound. 
Balance  same  as  Fluke  (which  see). 

Belzoni  Eillt,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1837,  in  the  United  States ;  owned  by 
E.  H.  Boardman,  near  Huntsville,  Ala.  By  Belzoni  (brother  to 
Belshazzar).     Dam  Amanda  by  Morisco.     (See  Amanda.) 

Bernice,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1858,  bred  by  Mr.  I' Anson.  By  Stockwell. 
Imported  by  Mr.  A.  Belmont,  New  York.  1st  dam  Braxey  by 
Moss  Trooper ;  2d  dam  Queen  Mary  (dam  of  Balrownie,  Bonnie 
Scotland,  Blooming  Heather,  Blink  Bonny,  etc.,  by  Gladiator) ; 
3d  dam  l)y  Plenipotentiary  ;  4th  dam  ]\Iyrrha  by  Whalebone  ; 
5th  dam  Gift  by  Young  Gohanna ;  6th  dam  (sister  to  Grazier) 
by  Sir  Peter ;  7th  dam  (sister  to  Aimator)  by  Trumpator ;  8th 
dam  (sister  to  Postmaster)  by  Herod  ;  9th  dam  by  Snap  ;  10th 
dam  by  Gower  stallion;  11th  dam  by  Childers — stinted  to 
Thormanby. 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    MARES.  589 

Berwickshiee  Lass,  cli.  f.,  foaled  1818 ;  owned  by  Benejah  Gibb, 
Montreal,  Canada.  By  Competitor  (last  living  son  of  Eng. 
Eclipse).  1st  dam  by  Star;  2d  dam  by  Paymaster;  3d  dam  by 
Le  Sang;  4th  dam  by  Eib;  5th  dam  (grandam  of  Eclipse) 
Mother  Western  by  Smith's  son  of  Snake ;  6th  dam  by  Lord 
D'Arcy's  Old  Montague ;  7th  dam  by  Hautboy ;  8tli  dam  by 
Brimmer. 

Betty  Blazella,  by  Eng.  Blaze,  dam  Jenny  Cameron  (which 
see);  imported  with  her  dam  by  Col.  J.  Tayloe,  Sr.,  of  Vir- 
ginia. 

BiEDCATCHER  Mare,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Mr.  C.  Stanly ;  imported 

by .     By  Birdcatcher.     1st  dam  by  Phantom ;  2d  dam 

Breeze  by  Soothsayer ;  3d  dam  Blowing  by  Buzzard ;  4th  dam 
Pot-8-o's;  5th  dam  Maid  of  All  Work  by  Highflyer ;  6th  dam 
sister  to  Tandem  by  Syphon. 

Birdcatcher  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Sir  T.  Stanley,  by 
Birdcatcher  (by  St.  Patrick  out  of  Pickpocket's  dam) ;  imported 
into  South  Carolina  by  Messrs.  Elliott,  Condy  &  Daws.  1st 
dam  by  Eubens ;  2d  dam  Hipped  Mare  by  Meteor ;  3d  dam 
Petrowna  by  Sir  Peter;  4th  dam  Georgiana  by  Sweetbriar; 
5th  dam  Capella  by  Herod;  6th  dam  Miss  Cape  by  Eegulus; 
7th  dam  Blackeyes  by  Crab ;  8th  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by 
Snake. 

Black  Bess,  bl.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  Beardsworth ;  imported 
by  Thos.  Alderson,  Esq.,  Nashville,  Tenn.  By  Belzoni.  1st 
dam  Livonia  bySmolensko;  2d  dam  Stella  by  L' Orient;  3d 
dam  by  Euler ;  4th  dam  Magdalena  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  by 
Matchem  ;  6th  dam  sister  to  Dainty  Davy  by  Old  Traveler ;  7th 
dam  Slighted  by  all  by  Fox  Cub;  8th  dam  Slighted  by  Jigg; 
9th  dam  Matchem's  grandam. 

Blacklock  Mare, ,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Wliite ;  imported 

by  A.  D.  Shepard,  Esq.,  into  Louisiana,  owned  by  Messrs.  Eou- 
zan  &  Duplantier.  By  Young  Blacklock.  1st  dam  Spermaceti 
by  Sligo  Waxy ;  2d  dam  Miss  Cogden  by  Phoenomenon  ;  3d  dam 
Miss  Cogden  by  Young  Marske  ;  4th  dam  Miss  Cogden  by  Sil- 
vio ;  5th  dam  Daphne  by  Eegulus,  etc.,  etc. 

Blossom,  f ,  foaled ;  imported  by  Gen.  Thos.  ^TsTelson,  of  York- 
town,  Va.  By  Old  Sloe  (son  of  Crab) ;  dam  by  Eegulus.  i31os- 
som  cannot  be  found  in  English  Stud  Book ;  the  pedigree  is 
doubtless  correct. — S.  D.  B. 


590  THE    HORSE. 

BoLETAS,  b.  f.,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Day;  imported  into 
Virginia  by  W.  B.  Stott,  Esq.,  Petersburgli.  By  Fungns.  1st 
dam  Zelinda  by  Eubens;  2d  dam  Zuleika  by  Gohanna;  3d 
dam  Trinidada  by  Young  Woodpecker ;  4tli  dam  Platina  by 
Mercury ;  5th  dam  by  Herod ;  6th  dam  Young  Hag  by  Skim ; 
7th  dam  Hag  by  Crab ;  8th  dam  El)ony  by  Cliilders ;  9th  dam 
Old  Ebony  sister  to  Brown  Betty  by  Basto. 

BoNKY  Lass,  b.  f.,  foaled  1723,  bred  by  Duke  of  Bolton;  imported 

by  .     By  Bay  Bolton.      1st  dam  Darlcy  Arabian ;    2d 

dam  by  Byerly  Turk ;  3d  dam  by  Taffolet  Barb ;  4th  dam  by 
Place's  White  Turk ;  5tli  dam  Natural  Barl)  mare.  The  mare 
does  not  again  appear  in  the  English  Stud  Book,  and  must 
have  been  imported  when  17  or  18  years  old.  She  produced  in 
United  States  Young  Bonny  Lass  by  imported  Jolly  Roger. 
Another  report  makes  her  by  Blank.  This  is  the  true  pedi- 
gree. 1st  dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Snip;  2d  dam  by  Lath;  3d  dam 
(Shock's  dam)  by  Snake ;  4th  dam  Grey  Wilkes  by  Hautboy ;  5tli 
•  dam  Miss  D'Arcy's  Pet  mare;  Cth  dam  a  Sedbury  Royal  mare. 

Brilliant  Mare,  bred  in  England ;  imported  into  Virginia  by  Mr. 
Eenwick.  Cannot  be  identified  in  English  Stud  Book.  By 
Brilliant.  1st  dam  by  Tartar;  2d  dam  by  Devonshire  Childers ; 
3d  dam  Bushy  Molly  by  eh.  Litton  Arabian  ;  4th  dam  Farmer 
Mane  by  White  Barb  Chillaby's  King  William's ;  5th  dam  by 
Byerly  Turk ;  Cth  dam  by  Spanker. 

Britanjs'IA,  b.  f.,  foaled  1800,  in  A^irginia,  bred  and  owned  by  Col. 
Tayloe,  Virginia.  By  Pegasus,  in  England.  Eirst  dam  im- 
ported Peggy  by  Trumpator.     (See  Peggy.) 

BRiTAiTisriA,  br.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  Nowell ;  imported  and 
run  with  success  by  Capt.  W.  J.  Minor,  Natchez,  Miss.  By 
Muley.  1st  dam  Nancy  (the  dam  of  Muley  Moloch)  by  Dick 
Andrews;  2d  dam  Spitfire  by  Benningbrough ;  3d  dam  by 
Young  Sir  Peter  (son  of  Doge) ;  4th  dam  by  Engineer ;  5tli 
dam  by  Wilson's  Arabian ;  6tli  dam  by  Button's  Spot. 

Britankia,  b.  f ,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  King  William  IV ;  imported 
by  Col.  Wade  Hampton,  of  South  Carolina;  owned  by  Messrs. 
Irby  and  Fair.  By  Acta3on.  1st  dam  Scandal  by  Selim ;  2d 
dam  by  Haphazard ;  3d  dam  by  Precipitate ;  4th  dam  Colebri 
by  Woodpecker ;  5th  dam  Camilla  by  Trentham ;  Cth  dam 
Coquette  by  the  Compton  Barb ;  7th  dam  sister  to  Regulus  by 
the  Godolphin  Arabian. 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    MAEES.  591 

BEiTAjsrmA  4th,  br.,  foaled  1859;  imported  by  Kentucky  Im- 
porting Company.  By  Flying  Dutcbman.  (Flying  Dutch- 
man by  Bay  Middleton ;  dam  Barbelle,  by  Sandbeck.  Bred  l)y 
John  Osborne,  at  Leyburn,  Yorkshire.)  Owned  by  E.  A.  Alex- 
ander, Kentucky.  1st  dam  Barbata  by  the  Bard:  2d  dam 
Vitula  by  Voltaire ;  3d  dam  by  Lottery ;  4th  dam  "Wagtail  l)y 
Prime  Minister ;  5tli  dam  by  Orville ;  6tli  dam  Miss  Grimstone 
by  Weasel;  7tli  dam  by  Ancaster;  8th  dam  by  Damascus 
Arabian ;  9th  dam  by  Sampson;  lOtli  dam  by  Oroonoko ;  11th 
dam  Sophia  (sister  to  Mirza)  by  Godolphin  Arabian;  12th  dam 
by  Hobgoblin;  13th  dam  by  Whitefoot;  14th  dam  Leeds;  15th 
dam  Moonah  (Barb  mare). 

Beitannia,  b.  f.,  foaled  1831,  bred  by  Mr.  Beardsworth ;  imported 
by  W.  Wallace  Cook,  Esq.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.  By  Lottery.  1st 
dam  Novice  by  Young  Filho-da-Puta ;  2d  dam  by  Walton ;  3d 
dam  Two  Shoes  by  Asparagus ;  4tli  dam  by  Mercury ;  5th  dam 
by  Highflyer ;  6th  dam  l)y  Snap ;  7th  dam  Miss  Middleton  by 
Eegulus;  8th  dam  Camilla  by  son  of  Bay  Bolton;  9th  dam 
by  Bartlett's  Childers;  10th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian; 
11th  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

BusiEis   Maee,  foaled  ,  bred  by ;  imported  1790,  and 

owned  by  Oen.  John  McPherson,  South  Carolina.  By  Busiris. 
1st  dam  by  Bajazet ;  2d  dam  by  The  King  of  England's  Barb ; 
3d  dam  by  Hampton  Court  Childers ;  4tli  dam  by  the  Chestnut 
Arabian. 

BtJSTAED  Maee,  b.  f.,  foaled  1827,  bred  by  Mr.  Nowell;  imported 
into  Canada  by  H.  P.  Simmons,  Esq.,  Ancaster,  IT.  C.  By 
Bustard.  1st  dam  Bequest  by  Election ;  2d  dam  Legacy  by 
Benningbrough ;  3d  dam  Eoxana  by  Sir  Peter ;  4th  dam  Tulip 
by  Damper ;  5th  dam  l3y  Eclipse ;  6th  dam  Earity  by  Matchem ; 
7th  dam  Snapdragon  by  Snap ;  8th  dam  by  Eegulus;  9th  dam 
by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  10th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ; 
11th  dam  of  the  True  Blues. 

Bustle,  f.,  foaled  1827,  bred  by  Lord  Egremont;  imported  by  Dr. 
A,  T.  B.  Merritt,  Virginia,  1836,  in  foal  to  English  Glaucus. 
By  Whalebone.  1st  dam  The  Odd  Trick  by  Quiz ;  2d  dam 
Grey  Duchess  by  Pot-8-o's ;  3d  dam  Duchess  by  Herod ;  4th 
dam  Gaudy  by  Blank ;  5th  dam  Blossom  by  Crab ;  6th  dam 
by  Cliilders ;  7th  dam  Miss  Belvoir  by  Grey  Grantham. 


692  THE    HOESE. 

Caieis'-goem,  b.  £,  foaled  1859,  by  Cotherstone;  bred  by  Eai-l 
Spencer,  and  imported  by  Kentucky  Importing  Company. 
Cotherstone  by  Touchstone,  dam  Emma  by  Whisker.  Owned 
by  E.  A.  Alexander,  Esq.  1st  dam  Glenluce  (Harlestone's  dam) 
by  Slane ;  3d  dam  Glencairne  (sister  to  Glencoe)  by  Sultan ; 
3d  dam  Trampoline  by  Tramp ;  4th  dam  Web  by  Waxy ;  5th 
dam  Penelope  by  Trurapator;  Gth  dam  Prunella  by  Highflyer; 
7tli  dam  Promise  by  Snap ;  8th  dam  Julia  by  Blank  ;  9th  dam 
Spectator's  dam  by  Partner;  lOtli  dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Bay 
Bolton ;  lltli  dam  by  Barley's  Arabian ;  12th  dam  by  Byerly 
Turk;  13th  dam  by  Taffolet  Barb;  14th  dam  by  Place's  White 
Turk;  15th  dam  a  natural  Barb  mare. 

Caledonia  Beander,  b.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by ;   imported 

into  Virginia  by  W.  H.  E.  Merritt,  Esq.  by  Longwaiste,  dam 
by  Orville.     She  ran  in  America. 

Calista  Bted's,  b.  f.,  foaled  1765,  bred  by  Mr.  Grieswood ;  im- 
ported by  Col.  Byrd,  of  Westover  county,  Va.  By  Forester. 
1st  dam  by  Crab ;  2d  dam  by  Hobgoblin ;  3d  dam  Bajazet  by 
Whitefoot ;  4th  dam  by  Leedes ;  5th  dam  Moonah  Barb  mare. 

Camelita,  br.  f.,  bred  by  Mr.  Nowell,  foaled  1834;  imported  by 
the  Messrs.  Corbin,  of  Virginia.  By  Bustard.  1st  dam  Cam- 
elina  (sister  to  Camel)  by  Whalebone ;  2d  dam  by  Selim ;  3d 
dam  Maiden  by  Sir  Peter ;  4th  dam  by  Phoenomenon ;  5th  dam 
Matron  by  Florizel ;  6th  dam  Maiden  by  Matchem ;  7th  dam 
by  Squirt ;  8th  dam  Lot  by  Mogul ;  9th  dam  Camilla  by  Bay 
Bolton,  etc. 

Camel  Maee,  br.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  King  William  IV ;  im- 
ported. By  Camel.  1st  dam  Codicil  by  Smolensko ;  2d  dam 
Legacy  by  Benningbrough ;  3d  dam  Koxana  by  Sir  Peter 
Teazle ;  4th  dam  Tulip  by  Damper ;  5th  dam  by  Eclipse ;  Gth 
dam  Parity  by  Matchem,  etc. 

Camel  Maee,  br.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq., 
near  Huntsville,  Ala.  By  Camel  (in  England) ;  dam  Miranda 
by  Woful.     (See  Miranda). 

Camilla,  b.  f,  foaled  1864,  bred  by  Baron  Rothschild;  imported 
by  Mr.  A.  Belmont.  By  Kmg  Tom.  1st  dam  Agnes  by  Pan- 
taloon; 2d  dam  Black  Agnes  by  Velocipede;  3d  dam  by 
Walton;  4th  dam  Young  Noisette  byDiomed;  5th  dam  Noi- 
sette by  Squirrel ;  6th  dam  Carina  by  Marske ;  7tli  dam  by 
Blank  ;  8th  dam  Ancaster  Dizzy  by  Driver ;  9th  dam  by  Fmil- 


LIST   OF   IMPOETED   MAEES.  593 

ing  Tom;  lOtli  dam  by  Oysterfoot;  lltli  clam  by  Merlin;  12th 
dam  by  Commoner ;  13th  dam  Coppin  mare.  Stinted  to  North 
Lincohi. 

Capeice,  b.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  Nowell ;  imported  by 
Messrs.  Corbin,  of  Virginia.  By  Mnley.  1st  dam  Young 
Caprice  by  Waxy ;  2d  dam  Caprice  by  Walton ;  3d  dam  Vanity 
by  Buzzard ;  4tli  dam  Dabchick  by  Pot-8-o's ;  5th  dam  Drab 
by  Highflyer ;  6th  dam  Hebe  by  Chrysolite ;  7th  dam  Proser- 
pine sister  to  Eclipse  by  Marske. 

Casemate,  ch.  f,  bred  by  Mr.  Samuel  Smith,  foaled  18G0;  im- 
ported by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  New  York.  By  Chatham.  1st 
dam  Photograph  by  Woodpigeon  (dam  of  Eanee  Agneta  and 
Robert  Macaire) ;  2d  dam  Camera  Obscura  (dam  of  Lens,  Cali- 
ban, Nutjobber  and  Ombra)  by  Elis;  3d  dam  Diversity  by 
Muley ;  4th  dam  Johanna  Southcote  by  Benningbrough  (dam 
of  Vicissitude) ;  5th  dam  Lavinia  by  Pipator ;  Gtli  dam  by 
Highflyer  (dam  of  Dick  and  Jack  Andrews) ;  7th  dam  Cardinal 
Puflf ;  8th  dam  Tatler ;  9tli  dam  Snip ;  10th  dam  Godolphin 
Arabian;  11th  dam  Frampton's  Whiteneck;  12th  dam  Pelham 
Barb.     (In  foal  to  Claret.) 

Cassandra,  b.  £,  foaled  1754,  bred  by  Lord  Portmore ;  imported 
into  Virginia  by  Col.  John  Baylor,  it  is  believed.  By  White- 
nose.  Isfc  dam  Blackleg's  mare  by  Devonshire  Blacklegs;  2d 
dam,  dam  of  Humbertson's  Stump  by  the  Holderness  Turk; 
3d  dam  by  Snake ;  4tli  dam  by  Diamond. 

Castianiea,  br.  f.,  bred  by  Mr.  Popham,  foaled  1796;  imported 
and  owned  by  Col.  John  Taylor.  By  Rockingham.  1st  dam 
Tabitha  by  Trentham ;  2d  dam  by  Bosphorus ;  3d  dam  sister 
to  Grecian  Princess  by  Forester ;  4th  dam  by  Coalition  Colt ; 
oth  dam  by  Bustard ;  6th  dam  Ld.  Leigh's  Charming  Molly  by 
Second ;  7th  dam  Hanger's  br.  mare  by  Stauyan  Arabian ;  8th 
dam  Gipsey  l^y  King  William's  No-tongued  Barb ;  9th  dam  by 
Makeless;  10th  dam  by  Royal  mare. 

CATALAifi,  bl.  f,  foaled  1838,  bred  by  Mr.  R.  Kitching;  imported 
by  D.  D.  Campbell,  Esq.,  New  York.  By  Muley  Moloch.  1st 
dam  Catalan!  by  Tiger ;  2d  dam  Wilna  by  Smolensko ;  3d  dam 
Morgiana  by  Coriander ;  4th  dam  Fairy  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam 
Fairy  Queen  by  Young  Cade ;  6th  dam  Routh's  Blackeyes  by 
Crab ;  7th  dam  Warlock  GalloAvay  by  Snake,  etc. 
Vol.  L— 38 


594  THE    HOESE. 

Catchflt,  bl.  f.,  foaled  1850,  bred  by  Major  Yarbrough ;  imported 
into  United  States  in  1857.  By  Picaroon.  Dam  Brandy  Snap 
by  Muley  Moloch.     (See  Lucious.) 

Cattoi^  Mare,  f.,  foaled  1818,  bred  by  Mr.  Milner ;  sent  to  United 
States  1832 ;  covered  by  Waverly.  By  Catton.  1st  dam  Hannah 
by  Sorcerer ;  2d  dam  Amelia  by  Highflyer ;  3d  dam  Miss  Tunis 
by  Matchem ;  4tli  dam  by  Squirt ;  5  th  dam  Lot's  dam  by 
Mogul ;  Gth  dam  Camilla  by  Bay  Bolton ;  7th  dam  Old  Lady 
by  Pullein's  chestnut  Arabian ;  8th  dam  by  Eockwood ;  9th 
dam  by  Bustler. 

CATTOisr  Mare,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1821,  bred  by  Mr.  Moss ;  imported  by 
E.  D.  Shepherd,  Virginia;  covered  by  Columbus.  By  Catton. 
1st  dam  Kilnocky's  dam  by  Sancho ;  2d  dam  Blacklock's  dam 
by  Coriander;  3d  dam  Wildgoose  by  Highflyer;  4th  dam 
Coheiress  by  Pot-8-o's ;  5th  dam  Manilla  by  Goldfinder ;  6th 
dam  Mr.  Goodricke's  Old  England  mare  by  Old  England. 

OATTOisr  Mare,  foaled  1823,  bred  by  Mr.  Humphries;  imported  by 
Ad.  Sir  Isaac  CofSn,  Bart.,  into  Boston,  Mass.  By  Catton. 
1st  dam  Miss  Haworth  by  Spadille;  2d  dam  by  Clayhall 
Marske;  3d  dam  by  Herod;  4th  dam  by  Goldfinder;  5th  dam 
by  Compton  Barb ;  6th  dam  Vanessa  by  Eegulus ;  7th  dam  by 
Fox ;  8th  dam  by  Bloody  Shouldered  Arabian ;  9th  dam  by 
Basset  Arabian ;  10th  dam  Arabian  mare. 

Catton  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1831,  bred  by  Lord  Scarl^orough ;  im- 
ported by  J.  L.  Lewis,  New  Orleans,  La. ;  in  foal  to  Voltair. 
By  Catton.  1st  dam  Melrose  by  Pilgarlic;  2d  dam  by  Whisker; 
3d  dam  by  Orville;  4tli  dam  Otterington's  dam  by  Expectation; 
5th  dam  Calabria  by  Spadille ;  Gth  dam  Grog's  dam  by  Alfred ; 
7th  dam  by  Locust ;  8tli  dam  by  Changeling ;  9tli  dam  by 
Cade,  etc.,  etc. 

Centaur  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1826,  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Shelly ;  imported 
in  1831  and  lost  on  the  passage.  By  Centaur.  1st  dam  hj 
Sorcerer ;  2d  dam  Tawny  by  Mentor ;  3d  dam  Jemima  by  Sat- 
ellite ;  4th  dam  Waxy's  dam  by  Herod. 

Champion  Mare,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Mr.  James  Lea ;  im- 
ported by  Messrs.  Cammack  &  Co.  into  New  Orleans,  La.,  No- 
vember, 1842.  Sold  to  Gen.  J.  L.  Lewis  and  Charles  Clai- 
bourne.  By  Champion  (son  of  Selim).  1st  dam  by  Cestrian ; 
2d  dam  Paulina  by  Orville ;  3d  dam  by  Shuttle ;  4th  dam  by 
Sir  Peter ;  5th  dam  by  Herod. 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MARES.  595 

CnAKCE,  cli.  f.,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Mr.  Marson;  imported  by 
E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  Huutsville,  Ala.  By  Patron  (sou  of 
Partizan).  1st  dam  Ramona  by  Whisker ;  2d  dam  Lady  Cram- 
feazer  by  Stamford;  od  dam  Miss  Barnet  by  Waxy;  4tli  dam  by 
Woodpecker;  5tli  dam  Hcinel  by  Squirrel ;  6tli  dam  Principessa 
by  Blank;  7th  dam  by  the  C alien  Arabian;  8th  dam  Gries- 
wood's  Lady  Thigh  by  Partner. 

Chahce  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1812,  bred  by  Mr.  Dnncombe;  im- 
ported into  Virginia.  Owned  by  Messrs.  W.  H.  E.  and  Dr.  A.  T. 
B.  Merritt,  Hicksford,  Ya.  By  Chance.  1st  dam  Jemima  by 
Phoenomenon;  2.d  dam  Eyebright  by  Matchem;  3d  dam  by 
Snap ;  4th  dam  by  Cullen  Arabian ;  5tli  dam  Lady  Thigh  by 
Crofts'  Partner ;  6th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  7t]i  dam  Sophonisba's 
dam  byCurwen  Bay  Barb;  8th  dam  by  Lord  D'Arcy's  chestnut 
Arabian;  9th  dam  Whiteshirt;  10th  dam  Old  Montague  mare. 

Charlotte,  b.  f ,  foaled  about  1792,  bred  by  Mr.  Hardy ;  imported 
by  Mr.  Harford.  By  Snap  (son  of  Old  Snap).  1st  dam  by 
Lightfoot  (son  of  Old  Cade) ;  2d  dam  by  Eegulus ;  3d  dam  by 
Old  Cade ;  4th  dam  by  Partner. 

Chateau,  b.  f ,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Tattersall ;  imported  into 
South  Carolina  by  Col.  R.  Singleton,  who  trained  and  ran  her 
with  some  success.  By  Chateau  Margaux.  1st  dam  Cuirass  by 
Oiseau  ;  2d  dam  Castanea  by  Gohanna;  3d  dam  Grey  Skim  by 
Woodpecker;  4th  dam  by  Herod;  5th  dam  Young  Hag  by 
Skim ;  6th  dam  Hag  by  Crab ;  7th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers  ; 
8th  dam  Ebony  by  Basto. 

Cheap,  b.  f.,  foaled  1838,  bred  by  Capt.  G.  Bulkely;  imported 
by  Col.  Singleton,  South  Carolina.  By  Glaucus.  1st  dam 
Christobel  by  Woful ;  2d  dam  Harriet  by  Pericles;  3d  dam  by 
Selim;  4th  dam  Pipylina  by  Sir  Peter;  5th  dam  Pally  by 
Trumpator ;  6th  dam  Fancy  (sister  to  Diomed)  by  Florizel ; 
7tli  dam  by  Spectator ;  8th  dam  by  Blank ;  9tli  dam  by  Chil- 
ders; 10th  dam  Miss  Bel  voir  by  Grey  Grantham. 

Childers  Mare,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  imported  into  Vir- 
ginia, 1748,  by  Geo.  McNaught.  By  Bartlett's  Childers.  1st 
dam  by  Godolphin  Arabian  ;  2d  dam  by  Byerly  Turk;  3d  dam 
by  Taffolet  Barb ;  4th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk. 

CiciLY  JopsOi^j",  see  Weatherbit  Mare,  p.  652. 
Cinderella,  br.  f,  foaled  1801,  bred  by  Mr.  Harris;  imported  by 
Gen.  McPherson,  South   Carolina.     By  Sir  Peter.     1st  dam 


596  THE    nOESE. 

Vivaldi  by  Mercury;  2d  dam  Cytlierea  by  Herod;  3d  dam 
Lilly  by  Blank ;  4th  dam  Peggy  by  Cade;  5th  dam  sister  to  the 
Widdrington  mare  by  Crofts'  Partner ;  Gth  dam  Bay  Bloody 
Buttocks  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  7th  dam  by  Greyhound;  81  h 
dam  by  Makeless ;  9th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  10th  dam  by  Place's 
White  Turk;  11th  dam  byDodsworth;  12th  dam  by  Layton 
Barl3  mare. 

Cinderella,  br.  t,  foaled  1803,  bred  by  ;   imported  and 

oAvned  by  Gen.  McPherson,  South  Carolina.  By  Sir  Peter 
Teazle.  1st  dam  by  Woodj^ecker ;  2d  dam  by  Sweetbriar ;  3d 
dam  by  Buzzard's  dam  Misfortune  by  Dux ;  4th  dam  Curiosity 
by  Snap ;  5th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  Gth  dam  by  Bartlett's  Chil- 
ders ;  7th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  8th  dam  True  Blues. 

Cliftok  Lass,  b.  f.,  foaled  1859,  by  The  Cure,  bred  by  John  Os- 
borne, Leyburn,  Yorkshire;  imported  1860,  by  Messrs.  Dudley 
&  Bruce,  agents  of  the  Kentucky  Importing  Company.  The 
property  of  E.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  county,  Ky.  1st  dam 
Maid  of  Clifton  by  Touchstone ;  2d  dam  Barba  by  Lanercost ; 
3d  dam  Cora  by  Belshazzar ;  4th  dam  Fanchon  (sister  to  Lap- 
dog)  by  Whalebone;  5tli  dam  by  Canopus;  Gth  dam  by  Young 
Woodpecker;  7th  dam  Fractious  by  Mercury;  8th  dam  by 
Woodpecker ;  9th  dam  Everlasting  (Skyscraper  dam)  by  Eclipse ; 
10th  dam  Hyasna  by  Snap ;  lltli  dam  Miss  Bclsea  by  Eegu- 
lus ;  12th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  13th  dam  by  Honewood's 
Arabian  ;  14th  dam  Byerly  mare,  dam  of  the  tvi^o  True  Blues. 

Clink,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Allen ;  imported  by  James 
Jackson,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala.  By  Humphrey  Clinker.  1st 
dam  Lady  Newton  by  Oiseau  ;  2d  dam  by  Haphazard ;  3d  dam 
by  Stamford ;  4th  dam  Alexina  by  King  Fergus ;  5th  dam 
Lardella  by  Young  Marske ;  Gth  dam  by  Cade ;  7th  dam  of 
Beaufremont  by  brother  to  Fearnought ;  8th  dam  Miss  Wind- 
ham by  Windhxam ;  9th  dam  by  Belgrade  Turk  ;  10th  dam  Old 
Scarborough  mare  by  Makeless;  11th  dam  by  Brimmer. 

CoLrMBiNE,  gr.  f.,  foaled  1766,  bred  by  Duke  of  Cumberland;  im- 
ported into  Mar3'land,  1769.  By  Sclim.  Her  pedigree  cannot 
be  found  in  the  English  Stud  Book.  1st  dam  Young  Ebony 
by  Crab  ;  2d  dam  Ebony  by  Childers ;  3d  dam  Old  Ebony  by 
Basto ;  4th  dam  Massey  by  Mr.  Massey's  Black  Barb. 

Comfort,  b.  £,  foaled  1851,  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Willington ;  imported 
by  Quincy  A.  Shaw,  Esq.,  Boston,  Mass.,  1857.     Covered  ^y 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MARES.  597 

West  Australian.  By  Irish  Birdcatcher.  1st  dam  All's  Well 
by  Eecovery ;  2d  dam  Manes  by  Spectre ;  3d  dam  Calendnlae 
by  Camerton;  4tli  dam  Snowdrop  by  Highland  Fling;  5th 
dam  Daisy  by  Buzzard ;  6th  dam  Tulip  by  Damper ;  7th  dam 
by  Eclipse ;  8th  dam  Earity  by  Matchem ;  9th  dam  Snapdragon 
by  Snap ;  10th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  11th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Chil- 
ders  ;  12th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian  ;  13th  dam,  dam  of 
the  two  True  Blues. 

CoMUS  Mare,  br.  f.,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Lord  Fitzwilliam ;  sent 
to  America.  By  Comus.  1st  dam  Eeposada  by  Amadis ;  2d 
dam  Orvillina  by  Benningbrough ;  3d  dam  Evehna  by  High- 
flyer ;  4th  dam  Termagant  by  Tantrum ;  5tli  dam  by  Samp- 
son ;  6th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  7th  dam  Marske's  dam. 

Confederate  Mare,  bl.  £,  foaled  1831,  bred  by  Lord  Fitzwilliam ; 
imported  into  South  Carolina  1834  or  1835.  By  Confederate. 
1st  dam  Clinkerina  by  Clinker ;  2d  dam  Pewet  by  Tandem  ;  3d 
dam  Termagant  by  Tantrum ;  4th  dam  Cantatrice  by  Samp- 
son ;  5th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  6th  dam  Marske's  dam  by  Black- 
legs ;  7th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  8th  dam  by  Fox  Cub ;  9th  dam 
by  Coney  skins ;  10th  dam  by  Hutton's  Grey  Barb  ;  11th  dam 
by  Hutton's  Eoyal  colt ;  12th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk ;  13th  dam 
by  Bustler. 

Cora,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1842,  bred  by  Mr.  James  Lea;  imported  by 
Messrs.  Cammack  &  Co.  to  New  Orleans,  November,  1842. 
Owned  by  A.  Lecomte  &  Co.,  Louisiana.  By  Muley  Molocli. 
1st  dam  Champion  mare  by  Champion  ;  2d  dam  by  Cestrian ; 
3d  dam  Paulina  by  Orville.     (See  Champion  mare.) 

Corikthiajt  Mare,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  G.  Clark ;  im- 
ported 1837,  by  E.  S.  Fay,  Esq.,  Boston,  Mass.  By  Corinthian. 
1st  dam  by  Catton ;  2d  dam  Dulcinea  by  Cervantes ;  3d  dam 
Eegina  by  Moorecock ;  4th  dam  Eally  by  Trumpator ;  5th  dam 
Fancy  (sister  to  Diomed)  by  Florizel ;  6th  dam  by  Spectator ; 
7th  dam  by  Blank  ;  8th  dam  by  Childers  ;  9th  dam  Miss  Bel- 
voir  by  Grey  Grantham  ;  10th  dam  by  Paget  Turk  ;  11th  dam 
Betty  Percival  by  Leedes'  Arabian  ;  12th  dam  by  Spanker. 

Cottager  Mare,   f,  foaled  ,  bred  by  ;   imported  by 

H.  N.  Cruger,  Esq.,  Virginia.  By  Cottager.  This  pedigree  is 
given  as  represented.  Cannot  be  found  in  English  Stud  Book, 
though  doubtless  correct.— S.  D.  B.  1st  dam  by  Telemachus 
(son  of  Herod) ;  2d  dam  by  Trentham  ;  3d  dam  by  Heuricus ; 
4th  dam  by  Eegulus. 


598  THE  HORSE. 

Cub  Maee,  Delancy's  mare,  foaled  in  17G2,  bred  by  Mr.  Leedes ; 
imported  by  Col.  Delaucy,  of  New  York.  By  Cub.  This  Avas 
one  of  the  most  valuable  mares  ever  imported  to  this  country, 
nearly  all  of  the  best  horses  in  America  tracing  to  her  either  on 
the  dam  or  sire's  side.  Among  the  most  noted  are  Eatler, 
Childers,  Sumpter,  Fhrtilk,  Ivanhoe,  Polly  Hopkins,  Hiazim, 
Inaugural,  etc.,  etc.  The  grandam  of  the  celebrated  Lexington 
is  by  Sumpter.  1st  dam  Amaranthus  dam  by  Second ;  2d  dam 
by  Starling  (dam  of  Leedes'  Flash  Fop) ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Vane's 
Little  Partner  by  Croft's  Partner;  4th  dam  sister  to  Guy  by 
Greyhound ;  5th  dam  Brown  Farewell  by  Makeless ;  6th  dam 
by  Brimmer;  7th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  8th  dam  by 
Dodsworth ;  9th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Cub  Mare,  gr.  f,  foaled  17C1,  bred  by  Mr.  Hodgson;  imported  by 
Henry  Mitchell,  Esq.,  Virginia,  1765.  By  Cub.  She  caunot 
be  identified  in  English  Stud  Book.  1st  dam  by  Torrismond ; 
2d  dam  by  Second ;  3d  dam  by  Mogul ;  4th  dam  by  Sweep- 
stakes ;  5th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  6th  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay 
Barb;  7th  dam  by  Curwen's  Old  Spot;  8th  dam  by  White- 
legged  Lowther  Barb. 

Cullen  Arabiaist  Mare,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  owned  by 

William  Maxwell,  Esq.,  Virginia.  By  the  Cullen  Arabian.  1st 
dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  2d  dam  by  Byerly  Turk ;  3d  dam 
by  Tafiblet  Barb ;  4th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  5th  dam 
Natural  Barb  mai'e. 

Cullen  Arabian  Mare  Duchess  (called  also  Diamond),  f., 
foaled  174-,  bred  by  Duke  of  Cumberland;  imported  into 
South  Carolina  before  the  Eevolution.  By  Cullen  Arabian. 
1st  dam  Grieswood's  Lady  Thigh  by  Crofts'  Partner;  2d  dam 
l)y  Greyhound;  3d  dam  Sophonisba's  dam  by  Curwen  Bay 
Barb;  4th  dam  D'Arcy's  chestnut  Arabian  ;  5th  dam  by  White- 
shirt;  6  th  dam  Montagu  mare. 

Delight,  b.  f ,  foaled  1828,  bred  by  Mr.  Sadler ;  miported  by  E.  H. 
Boardman,  near  Huntsville,  Ala.,  1835.  Winner  in  England. 
By  Eeveler;  dam  Defiance  (dam  of  Design)  by  Eubens.  (See 
Design.) 

Delphine,  br.  f,  foaled  1825,  In-ed  by  Mr.  Petre;  imported  by  Col. 
Wade  Hampton,  of  South  Carolina.  By  Whisker.  1st  dam 
My  LadybyComus;  2d  dam  The  Colonel's  dam  byDelpini; 
3d  dam  Tipple  Cider  by  King  Fergus;   4th  dam  Silvia  by 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    MAKES.  599 

Young  Marske ;  5tli  dam  Ferret  by  brother  to  Silvio ;  6th  dam 
by  Eegnliis ;  7th  dam  by  Lord  Moreton's  Arabian ;  8th  dam  by 
Mixbury ;  9th  dam  by  Mulso  Bay  Turk  ;  10th  dam  by  Bay  Bol- 
ton; 11th  dam  by  Coneyskins;  12th dam  Hutton's  Grey  Barb; 
13t]i  dam  by  Byerly  Turk ;  14th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Design",  ch.  f.,  foaled  1827,  bred  by  Mr.  Sadler ;  imported  by  E.  H. 
Boardman,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala.,  1835.  She  was  a  good  racer 
in  England.  By  Tramp.  1st  dam  Defiance  by  Eubens ;  2d 
dam  Little  Folly  by  Highland  Eling ;  3d  dam  Harriet  by  Vol- 
unteer ;  4th  dam  by  Alfred ;  5tli  dam  Magnolia  by  Marske ; 
6th  dam  by  Babraham  ;  7th  dam  by  Sedl3ury ;  8tli  dam  Ebony 
by  Childers,  etc. 

DiAisr,  b.  f,  foaled  1785,  bred  by  Lord  Cavendish;  imported  by 
into  Virginia.  By  Eclipse.  1st  dam  Diana  by  Shakes- 
peare ;  2d  dam  by  Bajazet ;  3d  dam  by  Lonsdale  Bay  Arabian  ; 
4th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton;  5th  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian;  6th 
dam  by  Byerly  Turk;  7tli  dam  by  Tafiblet  Barl);  8tli  dam  by 
Place's  White  Turk ;  9th  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Diana,  b.  m.,  foaled  1828,  bred  by  Mr.  Gascoigne;  imported  by 
Com.  E.  F.  Stockton,  New  Jersey.  (Li  foal  to  Eng.  Dr.  Syn- 
tax.) By  Catton.  1st  dam  Trulla  by  Sorcerer;  2d  dam  by 
Weathercock ;  od  dam  Cora  by  Matchem ;  4th  dam  by  Turk  ; 
5th  dam  by  Cub  ;  6tli  dam  by  Allworthy ;  7th  dam  by  Starling; 
8th  dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  9tli  dam  by  Greyhound;  10th 
dam  Brocklesby  Betty. 

DiA]srA  Syntax,  b.  f.,  foaled  1838 ;  imported  in  her  mother's  belly 
by  Com.  Stockton,  New  Jersey.  By  Eng.  Dr.  Syntax :  dam 
imp.  Diana  by  Catton.     (See  imp.  Diana.) 

DiOMEDA,  f ,  by  Diomed  in  England.  Imported  by  Col.  J.  Hoomes, 
Virginia;  died,  leaving  no  produce. 

Don  Cossack  Mare,  £,  foaled  1819,  bred  l^y  Mr,  Villiers ;  imported 
by  M.  M.  Eawlings,  Esq.  By  Don  Cossack.  The  Don  Cossack 
mare  died  on  the  passage,  or  soon  after  landing. — S.  D.  B.  1st 
dam  by  Sorcerer ;  2d  dam  by  Justice ;  3d  dam  Parsley  by 
Pot-8-o's ;  4th  dam  Lady  Bolingbroke  by  Squirrel ;  5th  dam  by 
Cypron,  King  Herod's  dam  by  Blaze;  6th  dam  Sehma  by 
Bethel's  Arabian ;  7th  dam  by  Graham's  Champion ;  8th  dam 
by  Darley's  Arabian ;  9th  dam  by  Merlin. 

DoRiMANT  Mare,  b.  f,  foaled  1788,  bred  by  Lord  Ossory ;  imported 
into  America  by  .     By  Dorimant.     1st  dam  Muse  by 


600  THE  HOKSE. 

Herod ;  2d  dam  by  Shepherd's  Crab ;  3d  dam  Miss  Meredith  by 
Cade ;  4th  dam  Little  Hartley  mare  by  Bartlett's  Childers ; 
5th  dam  Flying  Whig  by  William's  Woodstock  Arabian ;  Gth 
dam  by  St.  Victor  Barb ;  7th  dam  by  Why-not  (son  of  Fenwick 
Barb) ;  8th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 
Doris,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Lord  Stradbroke ;  imported  by 
A.  J.  Davie,  Esq.,  North  Carolina.  By  The  Colonel.  1st  dam 
Arethissa  by  Quiz  ;  2d  dam  Persepohs  by  Alexander ;  3d  dam 
sister  to  Tickle  Toby  by  Alfred  ;  4th  dam  Caelia  by  Herod ;  5th 
dam  Proserpine  (sister  to  Eclipse)  by  Marske ;  6th  dam  Spi- 
letta  by  Kegiilus,  etc.,  etc. 

Duchess,  br.  f.,  foaled  1801,  bred  by  Duke  of  Grafton ;  imported 
by  Hon.  John  Eandolph,  Esq.,  Eoauoke,  Va.  By  Grouse  (son 
of  Highflyer).  1st  dam  by  Magnet;  2d  dam  sister  to  Johnny 
by  Matchem  ;  3d  dam  Bay  Babraham  by  Babraham  ;  4th  dam 
by  Partner ;  5tli  dam  Grey  Brocklesby  by  Bloody  Buttocks ; 
6th  dam  Brocklesby  by  Greyhound ;  7th  dam  Brocklesby  Betty 
by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb;  8th  dam  Mr.  Leedes'  Hobby  mare  by 
the  Lister  Turk. 

Duchess  of  York,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1821,  bred  by  Mr.  Moss;  imported 
by  E.  D.  Shepherd,  Virginia,  after  1835.  By  Catton.  1st  dam 
by  Sanclio ;  2d  clam  Blacklock's  dam  by  Coriander;  3d  dam 
Wildgoose  by  Highflyer ;  4th  dam  Coheiress  by  Pot-8-o's ;  5th 
dam  Manilla  by  Goldfinder ;  6th  dam  Mr.  Goodricke's  Old  Eng- 
land mare. 

Easterist  Star,  b.  f.,  foaled  1868,  by  Cape  Flyaway,  bred  by  the 
late  Lord  Derby ;  imported  by  A.  Belmont,  Esq.,  in  1870.  1st 
dam  Star  of  India  by  Longbow;  2d  dam  Eanee  by  John 
O'Gaunt ;  3d  dam  Meanee  by  Touchstone ;  4th  dam  Ghuznee 
by  Pantaloon ;  5th  dam  Languish  (sister  to  Languid)  by  Cain ; 
6th  dam  Lydia  by  Poulton ;  7th  dam  Variety  by  Hyacinthus ; 

8th  dam  sister  to  Swordsman  by  Weasel ;  9th  dam by 

Turk;  10th  dam by  Changehng;  11th  dam by 

Cade  (Maral)rino's  dam) ;  12th  dam by  the  Bolton  Little 

John ;  13th  dam  Mr.  Durham's  Favorite  by  a  son  of  the  Bald 
Galloway ;  14th  dam  (the  dam  of  Lord  Portmore's  Dafi'odil)  by 
a  foreign  horse  of  Sir  T.  Gascoigne's. 

Ebony,  or  Young  Ebony,  foaled  about  1766,  bred  by  His  Eoyal 
Highness  the  Duke  of  Cumberland;  imported  by  Jonathan 
Plowman,  Esq.,  into  Maryland,  1762,  in  foal  to  Cato,  son  of 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MAKES.  fiOl 

Eegulus.  She  cannot  be  traced  in  English  Stud  Book. — S.  D.  B. 
By  H.  K.  H.  Duke  of  Cumberland's  Grey  Arabian  (called  Mu- 
ley).  1st  dam  by  Old  Crab ;  2d  dam  by  Devonshire  Childers ; 
3d  dam  by  Basto  ;  4th  dam  by  Duke  of  Eutland's  Black  Barb 
out  of  the  Massey  mare. 

Eleais'OE,  br.  f.,  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Newton^  foaled  1856 ;  imported  by 
E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  New  York.  By  Voltigeur.  1st  dam 
Themis  (dam  of  Trueloye,  Nester  and  Sedbury)  by  Touchstone ; 
2d  dam  Eectitude  (dam  of  Lais,  Dr.  Cains,  Chivalry  and  Aris- 
tides)  by  Lottery;  3d  dam  Decision  (dam  of  Brown  Stout 
XXX  and  Silvio)  by  Magistrate ;  4th  dam  Eemembrance  (dam 
of  Baron  Bowes  and  Princess)  by  Sir  Soloman  ;  5th  dam  Queen 
Mab  (sister  to  Mercury)  by  Eclipse ;  Gth  dam  by  Tartar ;  7th 
dam  by  Mogul ;  8th  dam  by  Sweepstakes ;  9th  dam  sister  to 
Sloven  by  Bay  Bolton;  10th  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb;  11th 
dam  by  Spot ;  12th  dam  by  White-legged  Lowther  Barb ;  13tli 
dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Eliza  (sister  to  Defiance),  b.  f.,  foaled  1823,  bred  by  Mr.  Sadler; 
imported  by  Thomas  Kirkman,  Esq.,  Alabama.  By  Eubens. 
1st  dam  Little  Folly  by  Highland  Fling ;  2d  dam  Harriet  by 
Volunteer;  3d  dam  Lady  Sarah's  dam  by  Alfred;  4th  dam 
Magnolia  by  Marske ;  5  th  dam  by  Babraham ;  6th  dam  by  Sed- 
bury; 7th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers;  8th  dam  Old  Eljony  by 
Basto ;  9  th  dam  Massey  mare  by  Mr.  Massey's  Black  Barb. 

Eliza,  b.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  Gifford ;  imported  into  South 
Carolina;  owned  by  Col.  Ferguson.  By  Filho-da-Puta.  1st 
dam  Zephyrina  by  Middlethorpe ;  2d  dam  Pagoda  by  Sir  Peter ; 
3d  dam  Eiipee  by  Coriander;  4th  dam  Matron  by  Florizel;  5th 
dam  Maiden  by  Matchem;  6th  dam  by  Squirt;  7th  dam  by 
Mogul. 

Eliza,  b.  £,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  His  Majesty  William  IV;  im- 
ported into  South  Carolina  by  Col.  Wade  Hampton.  By 
Emelius.  1st  dam  Ada  by  Woful ;  2d  dam  by  Eubens ;  3d  dam 
Guildford  mare  by  Guildford  (by  Highflyer) ;  4th  dam  Vulture's 
dam  by  Justice;  5th  dam  Parsley  by  Pot-8-o's;  6th  dam  Lady 
Bolingbroko  by  Squirrel ;  7th  dam  Herod's  dam  by  Blaze ;  8tli 
dam  Selima  by  Bethel's  Arabian ;  9th  dam  by  Graham's  Cham- 
pion; 10th  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian;  11th  dam  by  Merlin. 

Ella,  b.  f.,  foaled  1842,  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Forster,  sold  to  go  to  New 
Orleans,  August,  1859 ;  covered  by  Poland  and  Black  Doctor. 


602  THE    HOESE. 

By  Pontifex.  1st  dam  by  Dash ;  2d  dam  by  Blacklock ;  3d  dam 
Cottage  Girl  by  Thunderbolt ;  4th  dam  by  Worthy  ;  5th  dam 
Young  Camilla  by  Woodjoecker ;  Gth  dam  Camilla  by  Tren- 
tham ;  7th  dam  Coquette  by  Compton  Barb ;  8tli  dam  sister  to 
Eegulus  by  Godolphin  Arabian;  9th  dam  Grey  Eobinson  by 
Bald  Galloway;  10th  dam  by  Snake;  lltli  dam  Old  Wilkes  by 
Old  Hautboy. 

Eltham  Lass  (imported),  b.  £,  foaled  1859,  bred  by  Wm.  Blenkiron, 
at  Middle  Park,  Eltham ;  owned  by  E.  A.  Alexander,  Esq.  By 
Kingston.  1st  dam  by  P}Trhus  the  First ;  2d  dam  Palmyra 
(Tadmor's  dam)  by  Sultan ;  3d  dam  Hester  by  Camel;  4th  dam 
Monimia  by  Muley ;  5th  dam  by  Precipitate  (sister  to  Pet- 
worth)  ;  Gth  dam  by  Woodpecker ;  7th  dam  by  Snap  out  of 
Young  Marske's  dam ;  Stli  dam  by  Blank ;  9th  dam  Bay  Star- 
ling by  Bolton  Starling;  lOtli  dam  Miss  Meynell  by  Partner; 
11th  dam  by  Greyhound;  12th  dam  by  Curwen's  Barb;  13th 
dam  by  D'Arcy's  Chestnut  Arabian  ;  14th  dam  by  Whitesbirt ; 
15th  dam  Old  Montagu  mare. 

Emancipatiois"  Maee,  b.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Painter ;  im- 
ported into  South  Carolina,  in  foal  to  Discount,  by  Emancipa- 
tion (before  his  importation).  1st  dam  by  Sligo ;  2d  dam 
Zarina  by  Morisco  ;  3d  dam  Jura  by  Smolenrjko;  4th  dam  Mor- 
giana  by  Coriander ;  5th  dam  Fairy  by  Highflyer ;  Gth  dam 
Fairy  Queen  by  Young  Cade ;  7th  dam  Eouth's  Blackeyes  by 
Crab;  8th  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake,  etc. 

Emelius  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Mr.  Thornhill;  imported 
by  Col.  Wade  Hampton,  South  Carolina.  By  Emelius.  1st 
dam  Menever  by  Merlin  ;  2d  dam  by  Walton ;  3d  dam  Lisette 
by  Hambletonian ;  4th  dam  Constantia  by  Walnut ;  5th  dam 
Contessina  by  Young  Marske  ;  Gth  dam  Tuberose  by  Herod ; 
7th  dam  Grey  Starling  by  Starling ;  8th  dam  Cougliing  Polly 
by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  9th  dam  by  Counsellor ;  lOtli  dam  by 
Snake ;  11th  dam  by  Luggs ;  12tli  dam  by  Davill's  Old  Wood- 
cock. 

Emilia,  b.  f.,  foaled  1840,  bred  by  Mr.  Hague;  imported  by  A. 
Keene  Eichards,  Esq.,  Scott  county,  Ky.,  1858.  By  Young 
Emelius  (son  of  Emelius  out  of  Shovelcr).  1st  dam  Persian  by 
Whisker ;  2d  dam  Variety  by  Selim  or  Soothsayer ;  3d  dam 
Sprite  by  Bobtail;  4th  dam  Catherine  (sister  to  Colibri)  by 
Woodpecker ;  5th  dam  Camilla  by  Trentham ;   Gth  dam  Co- 


LIST    OF    IMPOKTED    MARES.  603 

qnette  by  Compton  Barb  ;  7th  dam  sister  to  Eegiilus  by  Godol- 
phiu  Arabian  ;  8th  dam  Grey  Eobinsou  by  Bald  Galloway;  9th 
dam  Old  Wilkes  by  Old  Hautboy. 

Emily,  b.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  His  Majesty  William  IV;  im- 
ported by  Col.  Wade  Hampton,  South  Carolina.  She  raced 
successfully  in  the  United  States.  By  Emelius.  1st  dam  Eliza- 
beth by  Eainbow ;  2d  dam  Belvoirina  by  Stamford ;  3d  dam 
sister  to  Silver  by  Mercury;  4tli  dam  by  Herod;  5th  dam 
Young  Hag  by  Skim ;  6th  dam  Hag  by  Crab ;  7th  dam  Ebony 
by  Childers  ;  8th  dam  Ebony  by  Basto. 

Emmy,  b.  f ,  foaled  1825,  1)red  by  Mr.  Yates ;  imported  into  South 
Carolina  by  Col.  Wade  Hampton,  1835  ;  covered  by  Camel.  By 
Magistrate.  1st  dam  Emmeliue  by  Waxy ;  2d  dam  Sorcery  by 
Sorcerer ;  3d  dam  Cobl)ea  by  Skyscraper ;  4th  dam  by  Wood- 
pecker; 5th  dam  Heinel  by  Squirrel;  6th  dam  by  Blank ;  7th 
dam  by  CuUen  Arabian ;  8th  dam  Grieswood's  Lady  Thigh  by 
Partner ;  9th  dam  by  Grejiiouud ;  10th  dam  Sophonisba's 
dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb. 

Equity,  b.  f ,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Fonlis ;  imported  by  Messrs. 
Hugh  and  John  Kirkman,  Tennessee.  By  Humphrey  Clinker. 
1st  dam  Justicia  by  Scrvantes;  2d  dam  Lady  Eachel  by  Stam- 
ford ;  3d  dam  Young  Eachel  by  Volunteer ;  4th  dam  Eachel 
by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  sister  to  Tandem  by  S}q)hon ;  6th  dam 
by  Eegulus;  7th  dam  by  Snip;  8th  dam  by  Cottingham; 
9th  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake. 

Fair  Charlotte,  b.  f.,  foaled  1808,  bred  by  Mr.  Durand;  im- 
ported into  Virginia.  By  Teddy  the  Grinder.  1st  dam  by 
Precipitate ;  2d  dam  Colibri  by  Woodpecker ;  3d  dam  Camilla 
by  Trentham  ;  4tli  dam  by  Compton  Barb  ;  5tli  dam  sister  to 
Eegulus  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian ;  0th  dam  Grey  Eobinson 
by  Bald  Galloway;  7th  dam  by  Snake;  8th  dam  Old  Wilkes  by 
Old  Hautboy. 

Fair  Eachel,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1753,  bred  by  Mr.  Benjamin  Eogers, 
Middleham,  near  Epsom ;  imported  by  Col.  James  De  Lance}-, 
New  York.  By  Babraham;  first  dam  by  Bolton  Starhng; 
second  dam's  name  or  pedigree  could  never  be  ascertained, 
although  she  was  thoroughbred.  Pick  says:  "  She  was  a  mare 
of  great  power  and  strength  ;  had  an  uncommon  share  of  good- 
ness and  lastingness."  She  won  a  large  number  of  plates,  beat- 
ing the  l^est  horses  of  her  time,  and  chiefly  at  high  weights, 


604  THE  nOESE. 

proving  lier  to  be  the  best  plate  mare  and  not  inferior  to  any 
plate  horse  of  her  time. 
Falconet,  br.  f.,  bred  by  Lord  Scarborough,  foaled  1830;  im- 
ported into  the  United  States  in  1834;  owned  by  Messrs.  T.  H. 
and  H.  Clay,  Jr.,  Kentucky.  By  Falcon.  Bred  in  1841  to  im- 
ported Monarch.  1st  dam  by  Catton;  2d  dam  Hannah  by 
Sorcerer;  3d  dam  Amelia  by  Highflyer ;  4th  dam  Miss  Timms 
by  Matchem ;  5th  dam  by  Squirt ;  6th  dam  Sol's  dam  by  Mo- 
gul ;  7th  dam  Camilla  by  Bay  Bolton ;  8th  dam  Old  Lady 
(Starling's  dam)  by  Pullein's  chestnut  Arabian ;  9th  dam  by 
Eockwood ;  10th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Fantasie,  b.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Lord  Chesterfield ;  imported 
into  Louisiana;  owned  by  Fergus  Duplantier.  By  Tramp.  1st 
dam  Petuaria  Young  (dam  of  Bamfylde  and  Carew)  by  Eain- 
bow ;  2d  dam  Petuaria  by  Orville ;  3d  dam  Mundane  by  Pot-B- 
o's ;  4th  dam  Young  Camilla  by  Woodpecker.     (See  Adriana.) 

Favoeite,  b.  f.,  foaled  1790,  bred  by  Mr.  Holt ;  imported  by  Col. 
John  Hoomes,  Bowling  Green,  Va.,  1796.  By  Volunteer.  1st 
dam  by  Matchem ;  2d  dam  by  Dainty  Davy ;  3d  dam  by  son  of 
Mogul;  4th  dam  by  Crab;  5th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton;  6th  dam 
by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb. 

Favoeite,  f.,  foaled ,  bred  by  ;  imported  by  . 

By  High  Eagle  (sou  of  Euler).  1st  dam  Sweetheart  by 
Matchem ;  2d  dam  Sylph  by  Eegulus ;  3d  dam  by  Marske. 

Feak,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1830,  bred  by  Mr.  E.  Peel;  imported  by ; 

owned  by  D.  B.  Smith,  Esq.  By  Phantom.  1st  dam  by  Hed- 
ley ;  2d  dam  Gramarie  by  Sorcerer ;  3d  dam  by  Sir  Peter ;  4th 
dam  Deceit  by  Tandem ;  5th  dam  Perdita  by  Herod ;  6th  dam 
Fair  Forester  by  Sloe ;  7th  dam  by  Forester ;  8th  dam  by  Part- 
ner; 9th  dam  by  Crofts'  Bay  Barb;  10th  dam  by  Makeless; 
11th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  12th  dam  by  son  of  Dodsworth  ;  13th 
dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Felucca,  br.  f.,  foaled  1866,  by  Buccaneer,  bred  by  Lord  Zetland ; 
imported  by  A.  Belmont,  Esq.,  in  1870.  1st  dam  Eevival  by 
ISTewminster;  2d  dam  Qui  Vive  (sister  to  Vidette)  by  Volti- 

geur ;    3d  dam by  Irish   Birdcatcher ;    4th   dam  ISTan 

Darrell  by  Inheritor ;  5th  dam  Nell  by  Blacklock ;  Gth  dam 
Madame  Vestris  by  Comus;  7th  dam  Lisette  by  Hamble- 
tonian;  8th  dam  Constantia  by  Young  Marske;  9th  dam 
Tuberose  by  Herod;  10th  dam  Grey  Starling  by  Starling;  11th 


LIST    OF    IMPOKTED    MAEES.  605 

dam  Coughing  Polly  by  Bartlet's  Childers ;  12th  dam  sister  to 
Thunderbolt  by  Counsellor ;  13tli  dam  by  Snake ;  14th  dam 
by  Luggs ;  15th  dam  Davill's  Old  Woodcock  stinted  to  Beads- 
man. 
FiLAGEEE,  b.  £,  foaled  1859,  by  Stockwell,  bred  by  Lord  Londes- 
borough ;  imported  1860,  by  Messrs.  Dudley  &  Bruce,  agents 
of  the  Kentucky  Importing  Company.  The  property  of  Mr. 
A.  Belmont,  New  York.  1st  dam  Extasy  by  Touchstone; 
3d '  dam  Miss  Wilfred  by  Lottery ;  3d  dam  (Eoyal  Oak's 
dam)  by  Smolensko  ;  4th  dam  Lady  Mary  by  Beningborough  ; 
5th  dam  by  Highflyer;  6th  dam  by  Marske  (sister  to  Pontiac) ; 
7th  dam  A  La  Grecque  by  Eegulus ;  8th  dam  by  AUworthy ; 
9th  dam  by  Bolton  Starling ;  10th  dam  Dairy  Maid  by  Bloody 
Buttocks;  lltli  dam  Bay  Brocklesby  by  Old  Partner;  12th 
dam  Brocklesby  by  Greyhound ;  13th  dam  Brocklesby  Betty  by 
Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  14th  dam  Miss  Leedes'  Hobby  mare  by 
the  Lister  Turk. 

FiLHO-DA-PUTA  Mare,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Sir  T.  Stanley ;  im- 
ported by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala.  By  Filho- 
da-Puta.  1st  dam  by  Eubens;  2d  dam  the  Hipped  mare  by 
Meteor;  3d  dam  Petrowna  by  Sir  Peter;  4th  dam  Georgiana 
by  Sweetbriar ;  5th  dam  Capella  by  Herod ;  6th  dam  Miss  Cape 
by  Eegulus  ;  7th  dam  Blackeyes  by  Crab,  etc.,  etc. 

Fleet,  br.  f.,  foaled  1838,  bred  by  Mr.  Stanborough ;  imported  into 
South  Carolina ;  owned  by  Mr.  E.  Singleton,  Esq.  By  Augus- 
tus. 1st  dam  by  Orville;  2d  dam  Sprightly  by  Whiskey ;  3d 
dam  Eomance  by  Gouty ;  4th  dam  Mademoiselle  by  Diomed ; 
5th  dam  Belle  by  Justice ;  6th  dam  by  Marske ;  7th  dam  Susan 
by  Bajazet,  etc. 

Fleetin'G-  Moments,  b.  f.,  foaled  1856,  bred  by  Mr.  H.  Bradshaw; 
imported  by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  New  York.  By  Bolingbroke. 
1st  dam  Queen  of  Cyprus  by  Liverpool ;  2d  dam  Careful  by 
Orville  or  Walton;  3d  dam  Pipyhna  by  Sir  Peter;  4th  dam 
Eally  by  Trumpator ;  5th  dam  Fancy  (sister  to  Diomed)  by 
Florizel ;  6th  dam  sister  to  Juno  by  Spectator ;  7th  dam  sister 
to  Horatius  by  Blank;  8th  dam  by  Childers;  9th  dam  Miss 
Belvoir  by  Grey  Grantham ;  10th  dam  by  Paget  Turk;  11th 
dam  Betty  Percival  by  Leedes'  Arabian;  12th  dam  by  Spanker. 

Fleur  des  Champs,  b.  f.,  foaled  1862,  bred  by  Mr.  Williamson ;  im- 
ported by  Mr.  A.  Belmont,  Xew  York.     By  Newmiuster.     1st 


006  THE  HOKSE. 

dam  Maria  by  Harkaway ;  2d  dam  Suspicion  by  Speculation  ; 
3d  dam  Foam  by  Langar ;  4th  dam  Steam  by  Waxy  Pope ;  5tli 
dam  Miss  Stavely  by  Shuttle ;  Gth  dam  by  Drone ;  T'th  dam 
by  Matchem;  8th  dam  Jocasta  by  Cornforth's  Forester;  9tli 
dam  Milsop  by  Old  Cade;  10th  dam  Miss  Partner  by  Partner; 
11th  dam  by  Makeless ;  12th  dam  by  Brimmer;  13th  dam  by 
Place's  Wliite  Turk;  11th  dam  by  Dodsworth;  loth  dam 
Layton  Barb  mare.  Stinted  to  the  Marquis,  son  of  Stock- 
well. 

Florestike,  b.  f.,  foaled  1829,  bred  by  Mr.  Eidsdale ;  imported  by 
H.  &  J.  Kirkman,  Nashville,  Tenn.  By  Whisker.  Died  1854, 
the  property  of  General  Harding.  1st  dam  Flora  (sister  to 
Oiseau)  by  Camillus ;  2d  dam  by  Euler ;  3d  dam  Treecreeper 
by  Woodpecker ;  4th  dam  by  Trentham;  5th  dam  Cunegonde 
by  Blank;  6tli  dam  by  Cullen  Arabian;  7tli  dam  by  Patriot; 
8th  dam  by  Gander ;  9th  dam  by  brother  to  Grantham ;  10th 
dam  by  Pullein's  Chestnut  Arabian ;  11th  dam  by  Spanker. 

Florida  HEPBURisr,  br.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Mr.  Eidsdale ;  im- 
ported by .    Ean  with  success  by  Lovel  &  Hammond. 

By  Tramp.  1st  dam  Miss  Armstrong  by  Whisker ;  2d  dam 
Stavely  Lass  by  Shuttle  or  Harabletonian ;  3d  dam  liy  Drone ; 
4th  dam  by  Matchem  ;  5th  dam  Joccasta  by  Cornforth's  For- 
ester; Gth  dam  sister  to  young  CadebyCacje;  7tli  dam  Miss 
Partner  by  Partner ;  8th  dam  by  ]\Iakeless ;  9th  dam  l^y  Brim- 
mer; 10th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk. 

Flouxce,  b.  £,  foaled  1836,  bred  in  England ;  imported  by  E.  H. 
Boardman,  Ala.  Presented  to  Hon.  II.  Clay,  by  Dr.  Mercer. 
By  English  Mulatto.  First  dam  imported  Florcstine  by 
Whisker  (which  see). 

Fluke,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1854,  bred  by  Sir  Tatton  Sykes ;  imported  1868 
by  Mr.  A,  Belmont,  New  York ;  covered  by  Gladiateur,  but 
missed.  By  Womersley :  dam  sister  to  Grey  Momus  by  Comus ; 
2d  dam  by  Cervantes ;  3d  dam  Emma  by  Don  Cossack ;  4th  dam 
Vesta  byDelpini;  5  th  dam  Faith  by  Pacolet;  6th  dam  Atalanta 
by  Matchem  ;  7th  dam  Lass  of  tlie  Mill  by  Oroonoko  ;  8th  dam 
by  Traveller;  9th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young  Greyhound; 
loth  dam  by  Partner;  11th  dam  by  Woodcock;  12th  dam  by 
Crofts'  Bay  Barb ;  13th  dam  by  Makeless  ;  14th  dam  by  Brim- 
mer; 15th  dam  by  Dickey  Pierson ;  16th  dam  Burton  Barb 
mare. 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MARES.  607 

Forrester  Mare,  foaled  ,  bred  by  ;    imported  into 

United  States  before  the  Eevolution.  By  Crofts'  Forester.  1st 
dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers  ;  2d  dam  by  Honej^ood's  Arabian ; 
3d  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Fortuna  (called  also  Porto  Rico),  ch.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Mr. 
Saville;  imported  into  Louisiana  by  Thomas  Flintoff,  Esq., 
Nashyille,  Tenn.  By  Langar.  First  dam  by  Orville.  (See 
Nun's  Daughter.) 

Frances,  b.  f.,  foaled  1838,  bred  by  Mr.  F.  E.  Price ;  imported  into 
South  Carolina  in  ship  China,  1838,  in  foal  to  Birdcatcher. 
By  Emelius.  1st  dam  Valve  by  Bob  Booty;  2d  dam  Wise 
(sister  to  Whalebone)  by  Waxy  ;  3d  dam  Penelope  by  Trumpa- 
tor ;  4th  dam  Prunella  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  Promise  by 
Snap ;  6th  dam  Julia  by  Blank ;  7th  dam  Spectator's  dam  by 
Partner ;  8tli  dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Bay  Bolton,  etc. 

Frolicksome  Fanny,  b.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  Kirby ;  im- 
ported into  Alabama.  By  Lottery.  1st  dam  sister  to  Catterick 
by  Whisker ;  2d  dam  by  Bay  Trophonius ;  3d  dam  by  Slope ; 
4th  dam  Lardella  by  Young  Marske ;  5th  dam  by  Cade ;  6th 
dam  (Beaufremont's  dam)  by  Tartar ;  7tli  dam  by  brother  to 
Fearnought;  8th  dam  Miss  Windham  by  Windham;  9th  dam 
by  Belgi-ade  Turk ;  lOtli  dam  Old  Scarborough  j\Iaid  by  Make- 
less;  11th  dam  by  Brimmer. 

Fun,  b.  f.,  foaled  in  1866.  Bred  by  Mr.  Blenkiron,  England.  Im- 
ported by  Mr.  R.  W.  Cameron,  New  York.  Got  by  Stockwell : 
dam  Whimsical  by  Launcelot ;  2d  dam  Wliim  by  Voltaire ;  3d 
dam  Fancy  hj  Osmond ;  4th  dam  by  Catton ;  5th  dam  by 
Hambletonian ;  6th  dam  by  Shuttle ;  7tli  dam  by  Drone;  Stli 
dam  Catharine  by  Young  Marske ;  9th  dam  Gentle  Kitty  by 
Silvio;  10th  dam  by  Dorimond;  11th  dam  Portia  by  Ptcgulus; 
12th  dam  by  Button's  Spot;  13th  dam  by  Fox-cub;  14th  dara 
by  Bay  Bolton ;  loth  dam  by  Coneyskins ;  16th  dam  by  Hut- 
ton's  Gray  Barb;  17th  dam  by  Eoyal  colt;  18th  dam  by  the 
Byerley  Turk;  19th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Fury,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Lord  Chesterfield;  imported  by 
Col.  Wade  Hampton,  South  Carolina.  She  raced  successfully 
in  the  United  States.  By  Priam,  before  his  importation.  1st 
dam  sister  to  Ainderby  by  Velocipede ;  2d  dam  Kate  by  Catton ; 
3d  dam  Miss  Garforth  by  Walton.  (See  imported  Ain- 
derby.) 


608  THE    nOESE. 

Gabrielle,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1820,  bred  by  Duke  of  Grafton ;  imported 
by  E,  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala.  By  Partizan.  1st 
dam  Coquette  by  Dick  Andrews ;  2d  dam  Vanity  by  Buzzard ; 
3d  dam  Dabcliick  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4tli  dam  Drab  by  Jlighflyer ; 
5tli  dam  Hebe  by  Chrysolite ;  Gth  dam  Prosperine  (sister  to 
Eclipse)  by  Marske. 

Gallopade,  gr.  f.,  foaled  1828,  bred  by  Col.  King;  imported  into 
Canada,  1836  ;  owned  by  James  Jackson,  Esq.,  Alabama.  By 
Catton.  1st  dam  Camilina  by  Camillus;  2d  dam  by  Smolen- 
sko;  3d  dam  Miss  Cannon  by  Orville;  4tli  dam  by  Weather- 
cock ;  5th  dam  Cora  by  Matchem ;  Gth  dam  by  Turk ;  7th  dam 
by  Cub ;  8tli  dam  by  Allworthy ;  9th  dam  by  Starling ;  10th 
dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks  ;  11th  dam  by  Greyhound;  12th  dam 
Brocklesby  Betty  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb;  13tli  dam  Mr.  Leedes' 
Hobby  mare  by  Lister  Turk. 

Gamenut  Mare,  foaled  about  1815  or'lG;  imported  by  Allen  J, 
Davie,  Esq.,  North  Carolina.  By  Gamennt.  1st  dam  Alle- 
granti  by  Pegasus;  2d  dam  Orange  Squeezer  by  Highflyer;  3d 
dam  Mop  Squeezer  by  Matchem ;  4th  dam  Lady  by  Sir  Charles 
Turner's  Sweepstakes;  5th  dam  by  Patriot;  Gth  dam  by  Crab; 
7th  dam  sister  to  Sloven  by  Bay  Bolton ;  8tli  dam  by  Curwen's 
Bay  Bar]3. 

Gasteeia,  b.  f.,  foaled  179G,  bred  by  Mr.  Broadhurst;  imported  by 
Col.  John  Hoomes,  Bowling  Green,  Va.,  1798.  By  Balloon. 
Gasteria  was  sold  to  Alexander  Shejoherd,  Esq.,  Culpepper,  Va. 
1st  dam  by  Marske ;  2d  clam  Cremona  by  Kegulus ;  3d  dam  by 
Traveler ;  4tli  dam  by  Hip  ;  5th  dam  by  Snake  ;  Gth  dam  the 
Duke  of  Eutland's  Black  Barb  ;  7th  dam  by  Blunderbus  ;  8th 
dam  Lord  D'Arcy's  Gray  Eoyal  mare. 

Gazelle,  gr.  f.,  foaled  1838,  bred  by  Mr.  Osbaldeston;  imported 
into  South  Carolina  and  soltl  by  Mr.  Porchcr  to  Col.  Fitz- 
simons ;  in  foal  to  the  Saddler.  By  Velocipede.  1st  dam  by 
Minos;  2d  dam  Aquilina  by  Eagle;  3d  dam  Marybella  by 
Walnut;  4th  dam  Maria  by  Telemachus ;  5th  dam  A-la-Grecque 
by  Eegulus ;  Gth  dam  by  Allwortliy  ;  7th  dam  by  Bolton  Star- 
ling ;  8th  dam  Dairy  Maid  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  9th  dam  Bay 
Brocklesl)y  by  Old  Partner;  10th  dam  Brocklesliy  by  Grey- 
hound; 11  til  dam  Brocklesb<y  Betty  bv  Curwen's  Bay  Barb; 
12th  dam  Mr.  Leedes'  Hobby  mare  by  Lister  Turk. 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    MAEES.  609 

GEifiSTA,  b.  f,,  foaled  1863,  bred  by  Lord  Falmouth ;  imported  and 
owned  by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  Clifton  Stnd  Farm,  Staten 
Island,  N.  Y.  By  King  Tom.  1st  dam  Scrubbing  Brush  by 
Touchstone ;  2d  dam  The  Broom  by  Van  Tromp ;  3d  dam  Miss 
Martin  by  Voltaire;  4th  dam  Miss  Iris  by  Blucher;  5th  dam 
Iris  by  Sir  Peter ;  6  th  dam  Isal)ella  by  Eclipse :  7tli  dam  Isa- 
bel's dam  by  Woodpecker ;  8th  dam  by  Squirrel ;  9th  dam  An- 
caster  ISTancy  by  Blank ;  10th  dam  Phebe  by  Tortoise ;  11th 
dam  by  Looby;  12th  dam  by  Partner;  13th  dam  by  Woodcock; 
•  14th  dam  by  Makeless ;  15tli  dam  by  Brimmer ;  16th  dam  by 
Dicky  Pierson  ;  17th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare — stinted  to  Buck- 
enham. 

GiEL  OF  My  Heaet,  b.  £,  foaled  1868,  bred  by  Mr.  Cookson ;  im- 
ported by  Mr.  A.  Belmont,  New  York.  By  Skirmisher :  dam 
imported  Fluke  by  Wormersly  (which  see). 

Girth,  bl.  f.,  foaled  in  South  Carolina,  1839;  imported  in  her 
mother's  belly ;  owned  and  raised  by  W.  H.  Sinkler,  Esq.,  South 
Carolina.  By  The  Saddler.  1st  dam  Gazelle  by  Velocipede ; 
2d  dam  by  Minos.     (See  Gazelle.) 

Gloeiaka,  b.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  Painter;  imported  by  Sam- 
uel Field,  Esq.;  owned  by  Alfred  Seton,  Esq.,  Westchester 
county,  N,  Y.  By  Mcranou.  1st  dam  Kamschatka  by  Master 
Henry;  2d  dam  Passamaquoddy  by  Lignum  Vitse;  3d  dam 
Hind  by  Sir  Peter ;  4th  dam  Paulina  by  Florizel ;  5th  dam  Cap- 
tive by  Matchem ;  6tli  dam  Calliope  by  Slouch  ;  7th  dam  Ata- 
lanta's  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko ;  8th  dam  Lass  of  the 
Mill  by  Traveler;  9th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young  Grey- 
hound; 10 til  dam  by  Partner;  11th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam  by 
Woodcock;  12th  dam  by  Crofts'  Bay  Barb;  13th  dam  Desde- 
mona's  dam  by  Makeless. 

GoDOLPHiisr  Arabian  Mare,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  owned 

1766  by  John  Walker,  Esq.,  Virginia.  By  The  Godolphin  Ara- 
bian. 1st  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian  ;  2d  dam  by  Byerly  Turk; 
3d  dam  iDy  TafFolet  Barb ;  4th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ; 
5  th  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

GoLDWiRE,  br.  f,  foaled  1823,  bred  by  Lord  Egremont;  imported 
into  Kentucky,  1835,  by  Thos.  H.  &  H.  Clay,  Jr.  By  Whale- 
bone. 1st  dam  byGohanna;  2d  dam  Amazon  by  Driver;  3d 
dam  Fractious  by  Mercury;  4th  dam  by  Woodpecker;  5th  dam 
Everlasting  by  Eclipse ;  6th  dam  Hyaena  by  Snap ;  7th  dam 
Vol.  L— 39 


610  THE  HORSE. 

Miss  Belsea  by  Regulus ;  8tli  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  9tli 
dam  by  Honey  wood's  Arabian ;    10th   dam,  dam  of  the  Two 
True  Bhies. 
Gfkilda   (called  also  Virago),  gr.  f.,  foaled   1777,  bred  by  Mr. 

Tempest ;  imported  by .    By  Star.     She  was  the  dam  of 

the  celebrated  race  mare  Virago,  by  imported  Sliark,  for  whose 
daughter  Selima  by  Spread  Eagle,  Col.  Tayloe,  of  Virginia,  is 
said  to  have  given  one-half  of  Sir  Archy  and  $400  in  moue}^ — 
S.  D.  B.  1st  dam  Virago  by  the  Panton  Arabian ;  2d  dam 
Crazy  by  Lath ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Snip  by  Childers ;  4th  dam 
sister  to  Soreheels  by  Basto ;  5th  dam  sister  to  Mixbury  by  Cur- 
wen's  Bay  Barb;  Gtli  dam  by  Curwen  Spot;  7th  dam  by  White- 
legged  Lowtlier  Barb ;  8th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Gutty  (sister  to  Chateau  Margaux),  b.  f.,  foaled  1824,  bred  by  Lord 
Egremont;  imported  by  Thos.  Kirkman,  Esq.,  Alabama.  By 
■  Whalebone.  1st  dam  Yfasp  by  Gohanna;  2d  dam  by  Highflyer; 
3d  dam  Chanticleer's  dam  by  Eclipse ;  4th  dam  Eosebud  by 
Snap ;  5th  dam  Miss  Belsea  by  Regulus.  (See  Chateau  Mar- 
gaux.) 

Hackabout,  b.  f.,  foaled  1794,  bred  by  Mr.  Moore;  imported  by 
CoL  John  Hoomes,  Bowling  Green,  Va.,  1798.  By  Escape. 
Sold  to  Col.  John  Dangcrfield.  1st  dam  sister  to  Tandem  by 
Syphon ;  2d  dam  by  Regulus ;  3d  dam  by  Snip ;  4tli  dam  by 
Cottinghani ;  5th  dam  Yv'arlock  Galloway  by  Snake ;  Gth  dam 
sister  to  the  Carlisle  gelding  by  the  Bald  Galloway. 

Haelot,  f.,  bred  by ,  foaled ;  imported  into  South  Car- 
olina by  Col.  Talmadge.  By  a  son  of  Ilcrod.  1st  dam  by 
Snap ;  2d  dam  Lord  Bertie's  Harlot  by  Blank ;  3d  dam  by  Rib ; 
4th  dam  by  the  Wpm  Arabian ;  5th  dam  by  Governor ;  6th 
dam  by  Alcock's  Aral^iau  ;  7tli  dam  by  Grasshopper ;  8th  dam 
sister  to  Gentleman's  dam. 

Heads  oe  Tails,  b.  f.,  foaled  1831,  bred  by  Sir  G.  Pigot ;  imported 
into  United  States;  owned  by  T.  H.  &  Henry  Clay,  Jr.,  Ken- 
tucky. By  Lottery.  1st  dam  Active  by  Partizan;  2d  dam 
Eleanor  by  Whiskey ;  3d  dam  Young  Giantess  by  Diomed ; 
4th  dam  Giantess  by  Matchem ;  5th  dam  Molly  Long-Legs  by 
Babraham;  6th  dam  by  Cole's  Foxhunter;  7th  dam  sister  to 
Cato  by  Partner. 

Helen,  br.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Lord  Chesterfield ;  imported  into 
South  Carolina  by  Col.  R.  Singleton.    By  Priam   (before  his 


LIST    OF.    IMPOETED    MAEES.  611 

importation).  She  was  trained  and  ran  in  tlie  United  States. 
1st  dam  Malibran  by  Rubens  ;  3d  dam  Bolter's  dam  by  Trump- 
ator ;  3d  dam  by  Highflyer ;  4th  dam  Otheothea  by  Otho  ;  5th 
dam  by  Snap ;  6th  dam  by  Eegulns ;  7th  dam  AVildair's  dam 
by  Steady;  8th  dam  by  Partner;  9th  dam  by  Greyhound; 
10th  dam  Chestnut  Layton  by  Makeless. 
Hee  Majesty,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  King  William  IV ;  im- 
ported by  Col.  Wade  Hampton,  South  Carolina.  By  The  Col- 
onel. 1st  dam  Peri  (the  dam  of  Sir  Hercules)  by  Wanderer; 
2d  dam  Thalestris  by  Alexander ;  3d  dam  Eival  by  Sir  Peter ; 
4th  dam  Hornet  by  Drone ;  5th  dam  Manilla  by  Goldfinder ; 
6th  dam  by  Old  England ;  7th  dam  by  Cullen  Arabian ;  8th 
dam  by  Cade ;  9th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  a  son  of  Greyhound. 

Highflyer  Maee,  f,  foaled ;  imported  by  Col.  John  Tayloe, 

Virginia.  By  Highflyer.  1st  dam  by  Star;  2d  dam  by  Pan- 
ton's  Arabian ;  3d  dam  by  Old  Crab ;  4tli  dam  by  Shock ;  5th 
dam  Little  Hartley  mare  by  Childers ;  6th  dam  out  of  dam  of 
Large  Hartley  mare  by  Fl}dug  Whig  by  Woodstock  Arabian. 
(See  Selima.) 

HouRi,  called  Annot  Lisle,  ch.  f,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Mr.  E.  G. 
Lumley ;  imjDorted  into  the  United  States ;  owned  by  Hon.  D.  F. 
Kenner,  Louisiana.  By  Langar.  Was  trained  and  ran  suc- 
cessfully in  the  United  States.  1st  dam  Annot  Lyle  by  Ashton 
(son  of  Walnut) ;  2d  dam  Lauria  by  Gohanna ;  3d  dam  Certhia 
by  Woodpecker ;  4th  dam  by  Trentham  ;  5th  dam  Cunengonde 
by  Blank.     (See  Florestine.) 

HiPPONA,  br.  f.,  foaled  1802,  bred  by  Lord  Egremont ;  imported  by 
General  McPherson  into  South  Carolina.  By  Sir  Peter.  1st 
dam  by  Woodpecker;  2d  dam  by  Sweetbriar;  3d  dam  Buzzard 
dam  by  Dux ;  4th  dam  Curiosity  by  Snap ;  5th  dam  by  Eegu- 
lus ;  6th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  7th  dam  by  HonejTvood's 
Arabian ;  8th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Hokee  Pokee-  Maee,  b.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Mr.  Forth ;  im- 
ported by  Messrs.  Nott,  Feme  and  Major  Huger,  Mobile,  Ala. 
By  Hokee  Pokee.  1st  dam  by  Scud  or  Pioneer ;  2d  dam  Canary 
Bird  by  Whiskey  or  Sorcerer ;  3d  dam  Canary  by  Coriander ; 
4th  dam  Miss  Green  by  Highflyer;  5tli  dam  Harriet  by 
Matchem ;  6th  dam  Flora  by  Eegulus. 

Hokee  Pokee  Maee,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Mr.  Gratwicke; 
sent  to  America  to  Dr.  J.  C.  Nott.    By  Hokee  Pokee.     1st  dam 


G12  THE  HOESE. 

by  Phantom ;  2d  dam  sister  to  Election  by  Golianna ;  3d  dam 
Chestnut  Skim  by  Woodpecker;  4th  dam  Silver's  dam  by 
Herod ;  5  th  dam  Young  Hag  by  Skim,  etc. 

Hope,  No.  1,  f.,  said  to  have  been  imported  by  Dr.  Tate,  of  Philadel- 
phia. By  Volunteer.  She  cannot  be  found  in  Weatherby; 
nothing  is  known  concerniHg  her  pedigree. — S.  D.  B.  1st  dam 
by  Herod ;  2d  dam  by  Snap. 

Hope,  No.  2  (called  Lady  Hope),  ch.  f.,  foaled  1826,  bred  by  Mr. 
Eawlinson;  imported  by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Huntsville,  Ala. 
By  Eubens.  1st  dam  by  Haphazard;  2d  dam  Promise  by 
Walton ;  3d  dam  Parasol  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4tli  dam  Prunella  by 
Highflyer;  5th  dam  Promise  by  Snap;  6th  dam  Julia  by 
Blank ;  7  th  dam  Spectator's  dam  Partner,  etc. 

Hyacinth,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Mr.  Hurd ;  imported  into 
North  Carolina  by  A.  J.  Davie,  Esq.  By  Barytes.  1st  dam 
Zafra  by  Partizan ;  2d  dam  Zada  by  Sir  Peter ;  3d  dam  Alexina 
by  King  Fergus.    (See  Clink's  pedigree.) 

LSTALID,  br.  f.,  foaled  1822,  bred  by  Sir  T.  Mostyn ;  imported  by 
Messrs.  Corbin,  Virginia.  By  Whisker.  1st  dam  Helen  by 
Hambletonian ;  2d  dam  Susan  by  Overton;  3d  dam  Drowsy  by 
Drone ;  4th  dam  Old  England  mare  by  Old  England ;  5th  dam 
by  Cullen  Arabian  ;  Gth  dam  Miss  Cade  by  Cade ;  7th  dam 
Miss  Makeless  by  son  of  Greyhound  (out  of  Farewell) ;  8th  dam 
by  Partner;  9th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam  by  Woodcock  ;  lOtli  dam 
by  Crofts'  Bay  Barb ;  11th  dam  Desdemona's  dam  by  Makeless, 
etc. 

IsrvEKCAULD,  br.  f.,  foaled  1866;  imported  in  mother's  belly  by  Mr. 
E.  W.  Cameron,  New  York.  By  St.  Albans :  dam  Eleanor  by 
Voltigeur.    (See  imp.  Eleanor.) 

Inveelockt,  b.  f.,  foaled  1866,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Hanmer;  imported 
by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.  By  Old  Calabar. 
1st  dam  Veronica  by  Cruiser ;  2d  dam  Speedwell  by  Physician ; 
3d  dam  by  Wanton  or  Don  Juan ;  4th  dam  (sister  to  Benedick) 
by  Eemembrancer ;  5th  dam  Beatrice  by  Sir  Peter;  6th  dam 
Pyrrha  by  Matchem;  7th  dam  Duchess  by  Whitenose;  8th 
dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by  Young  True  Blue ;  9th  dam  by  Oxford 
Dun  Arabian ;  10th  dam  D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Eoyal  mare. 

Inverness,  b.  f.,  foaled  1866,  bred  by  Mr.  E.  C.  Naylor ;  imported 
by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.  By  Macaroni. 
1st  dam  Elfrida  by  Faugh-a-Ballagh ;  2d  dam  Espoir  by  Liver- 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    MARES.  613 

pool ;  3cl  dam  Esperance  by  Lapclog ;  4th  dam  Grisette  by  Mer- 
lin ;  5th  dam  Coquette  by  Dick  Andrews ;  6th  dam  Vanity  by 
Buzzard;  7th  dam  Dabchick  by  Pot-8-o's ;  8th  dam  Drab  by 
Highflyer ;  9th  dam  Hebe  by  Chrysolite ;  10th  dam  Proserpine 
(sister  to  Eclipse)  by  Marske  ;  lltli  dam  Spiletta  by  Eegulus  ; 
12tli  dam  Mother  Western  by  Smith's  son  of  Snake ;  13  th  dam 
by  Lord  D'Arcy's  Old  Montagu ;  14th  dam  by  Hautboy ;  15th 
dam  by  Brimmer. 
Inveruglass,  br.  f.,  foaled  1866,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Hanmer ;  imported 
by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.  By  Old  Calabar. 
1st  dam  Juniper  by  Bay  Middleton ;  2d  dam  The  Fawn  by  Ven- 
ison ;  3d  dam  Cecelia  by  Comus ;  4th  dam  Miss  Maltby  by  Fil- 
ho-da-Puta;  5th  dam  Mrs.  Maltby  by  Cervantes;  6th  dam  Leg- 
acy by  King  Fergus ;  7th  dam  Mortonia  by  Herod ;  8th  dam  by 
Northumberland;  9tli  dam  (Ferret's  dam)  by  Eegulus;  10th 
dam  by  Lord  Morton's  Arabian ;  11th  dam  byMixbury;  12th 
dam  by  Mulso  Bay  Turk ;  13tli  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  14th  dam 
by  Coneyskins ;  15th  dam  by  Hutton's  Grey  Barb  ;  16th  dam 
by  Byerly  Turk;  17th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Isabel,  b.  £,  foaled  1830,  bred  by  Mr.  Dyson;  imported  into  New 
York  in  ship  Ira,  1833.  By  Blacklock.  1st  dam  by  Filho-da- 
Puta ;  2d  dam  by  Dick  Andrews ;  3d  dam  Miss  Watt  by  Del- 
pini ;  4tb  dam  by  Trumpator ;  5th  dam  Demirep  by  Highflyer ; 
6th  dam  Brim  by  Squirrel ;  7th  dam  Helen  by  Blank ;  8th  dam 
by  Crab ;  9th  dam  sister  to  Partner. 

Isabella,  br.  f,  foaled  1802,  bred  by  Lord  Clermont;  imported 
by  Gen.  McPherson  into  South  Carolina ;  owned  by  O'Brien 
Smith,  Esq.  By  Trumpator.  1st  dam  Demirep  (sister  to 
Noble)  by  Highflyer;  2d  dam  Brim  by  Squirrel;  3d  dam 
Helen  by  Blank ;  4th  dam  by  Crab ;  5th  dam  sister  to  Partner 

Isabella,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1819,  bred  by  Mr.  Ferguson;  imported  by 
Admiral  Sir  Isaac  CoflBn  into  New  York,  January,  1830.  By 
Comus.  In  foal  to  Lottery  when  imported.  1st  dam  by 
Shuttle ;  2d  dam  by  Oberon ;  3d  dam  by  Phoenomenon ;  4th 
dam  Calliope  by  Slouch ;  5th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroo- 
noko ;  6th  dam  by  Traveler ;  7th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  son  of 
Greyhound. 

Jack  Spigot  Mare,  f.,  foaled ,  bred  by  Mr.  Eiddell ;  sent  to 

the  United  States  in  1839.     By  Jack  Spigot.     1st  dam  Jeanne 


614 


THE    HORSE. 


D'Arc  by  Comiis ;  2d  dam  by  Pipator ;  3d  dam  by  Delpini ;  4th 
dam  Tuberose  by  Herod  ;  5th  dam  Grey  StarHng  by  Starling ; 
Gth  dam  Coughing  Polly  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  7th  dam  by 
Counsellor, 

Janette,  b.  f.,  foaled  1791,  bred  by  Mr.  Harris;  imported  into  Vir- 
ginia by  Col.  John  Hoomes,  Bowling  Green,  Ya.,  1798.  By 
Mercury.  1st  dam  by  Highflyer ;  2d  dam  Miranda  by  Snap ; 
3d  dam  Miss  Middleton  by  Eegulus ;  4th  dam  Camilla  by  son 
of  Bay  Bolton ;  5tli  dam  by  Bartlet's  Childers ;  Gth  dam  by 
Honeywood's  Arabian ;  7th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Jane  WellinTtTON",  b.  f.,  owned  by  John  Miller,  Esq.,  Kichmond, 
Va. ;  foaled  soon  after  her  dam's  landing  at  Norfolk,  Va.  By 
Sweet  Eobin,  an  Irish  horse,  dam  by  Merryfield.  She  cannot 
be  found  in  English  Stud  Book. 

Javelina,  f,,  by  Javelin  in  England ;  imported  by  Col.  J.  Hoomes, 
Virginia.     Died  learing  no  produce. 

Jenny  Cameeon,  f. ;  imported  by  Col.  John  Tayloe,  of  Virginia, 
prior  to  the  Eevolution  ;  said  to  be  by  sou  of  Fox.  A  certificate 
of  Col.  Tayloe,  dated  1773,  makes  her  by  Cuddy  (son  of  Fox), 
out  of  Mr.  Witty's  famous  mare  Cabbage-wise ;  neither  can  be 
substantiated  in  English  Stud  Book.  1st  dam  Miss  Belvoir  by 
Grey  Grantham  ;  2d  dam  by  Paget  Turk ;  3d  dam  Betty  Perci- 
yal  by  Leedes'  Arabian ;  4th  dam  by  Spanker, 

Jenny  Dismal,  f ;  imj)orted  by  Col.  Baylor,  before  the  Revolution  ; 
said  to  have  been  gotten  by  the  famous  plate  horse  Old  Dismal, 
son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  her  dam  by  Lord  Godolphin's 
Whitefoot.  She  cannot  be  identified  in  the  English  Stud 
Book. 

Jenny  Mills,  ch.  £,  foaled  1825,  bred  by  Mr.  Watts ;  imported  by 
L.  J.  Polk,  of  Tennessee,  1838.  In  foal  by  Plenipotentiary. 
By  Whisker,  1st  dam  Hornsea's  dam  by  Cerberus;  2d  dam 
Miss  Cranfield  by  Sir  Peter;  3d  dam  by  Pegasus;  4th  dam 
sister  to  Sir  Sidney  by  Paymaster ;  5th  dam  Pomona  by  Herod ; 
Gth  dam  Caroline  by  Snap ;  7th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  8th  dam  by 
Hip;  9th  dam  by  Hartley's  blind  horse;  lOtli  dam  Flying 
Whig  b^  Woodstock  Arabian. 

Jessica,  ch.  f,  foaled  1832,  bred  by ;  imported  into  Ken- 
tucky by  Messrs.  T.  H.  &  H.  Clay,  Jr.  By  Velocipede.  1st 
dam  by  Sanclio ;  2d  dam  Blacklock's  dam  by  Coriander ;  3d 
dam  Wildgoose  by  Highflyer ;  4th  dam  Coheiress  by  Pot-8-o's ; 


LIST  OF   IMPORTED   MARES,  615 

5tli  clam  Manilla  by  Goldfinder;  Gtli  dam  Mr.  Goodricke's  Old 
England  mare. 
Jerusalem,  b.  f.,  bred  by  Mr.  A.  Johnston,  foaled  1856,  by  Jericho ; 
imported  by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  of  New  York ;  covered  by 
St.  Albans.  1st  dam  Selina  by  Orlando;  2d  dam  the  Ladye  or 
Silverkeld  Well  by  Velocipede ;  3d  dam  Emma  (dam  of  Trustee, 
Mundig  and  King  or  Kelton)  by  Whisker ;  4th  dam  Gibside 
Fairy  by  Hermes ;  5th  dam  Vicissitude  by  Pipator ;  6th  dam 
Beatrice  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  7th  dam  Pyrrha  by  Matchem ;  8th 
dam  Duchess  by  Whitenose ;  9th  dam  Miss  Slammerkin  by 
Young  True  Blue ;  10th  dam  by  Oxford  Dun  Arabian;  11th 
dam  D'Arc/s  Black-legged  Eoyal  mare. 

Kill  Devil,  bl.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  Beardsworth ;  imported 
by  Thos.  FlintofiF,  Esq.,  Nashville,  Tenn.  By  Belzoni.  1st  dam 
Livonia  by  Smolensko ;  2d  dam  Stella  by  L'Orient ;  3d  dam 
by  Euler;  4th  dam  Magdalena  by  Highflyer;  5th  dam  by 
Matchem ;  6th  dam  sister  to  Dainty  Davy  by  Old  Traveler ;  7th 
dam  Slighted-by-All  by  Fox  Cub ;  8th  dam  by  Jigg ;  9th  dam 
Matchem's  grandam. 

KiXG  Tom  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1859,  by  King  Tom;  bred  by  Capt. 
J.  H.  Shepworth,  Brigg,  Lincolnshire ;  imported  by  Messrs. 
Dudley  &  Bruce,  agents  of  Kentucky  Importing  Company. 
This  filly  died  on  board  the  ship  Lancaster,  in  the  port  of  Liv- 
erpook  1st  dam  Little  Cassino  by  Liheritor ;  2d  dam  Maid  of 
Team  Valley's  dam  by  Waverly ;  3d  dam  Swiss  dam  by  Shuttle ; 
4tli  dam  Lady  Fidget  by  Fidget ;  5th  dam  by  Alfred ;  6th  dam 
Magnolia  by  Marske ;  7th  dam  by  Babraham ;  8th  dam  by  Sed- 
bury ;  9th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers;  lOtli  dam  Old  Ebony 
(sister  to  Brown  Betty)  by  Basto ;  11th  dam  Massey  mare  by 
Mr.  Massey's  Black  Barb. 

Kitty  Bull,  ch.  f ,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor ;  imported  by  General 
Hampton  into  South  Carolina;  foaled  1796.  By  John  Bull. 
1st  dam  Isabella  by  Eclipse;  2d  dam  Isabel's  dam  by  Squirrel; 
3d  dam  Ancaster  Nancy  by  Blank ;  4th  dam  Phoebe  by  Tor- 
toise ;  5th  dam  by  Looby ;  6th  dam  by  Partner ;  7th  dam  by 
Woodcock  ;  8th  dam  by  Makeless ;  9th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  lOtli 
dam  by  Dicky  Pierson ;  11th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Kitty  Fisher,  gr.  f ;  imported  before  the  Eevolution;  said  to 
have  been  bred  by  Marquis  of  Granby;  imported  by  Carter 
Braxton,  Esq.    By  Cade.    First  dam  by  the  Cullen  Arabian, 


016  THE    nORSE. 

out  of  the  famous  mare  Bald  Charlotte.  She  cannot  he  found 
in  English  Stjid  Book.  She  was  unquestionably  thorough-bred, 
and  raced  well  in  America. 

La  Bayadere,  b.  f.,  foaled  1831,  bred  by  Lord  Chesterfield ;  im- 
jDorted  into  Canada,  1836,  by  H.  P.  Simmons,  Esq.  By  Levi- 
athan. 1st  dam  Dahlia  by  Phantom ;  2d  dam  by  Waxy ;  3d 
dam  Mose's  dam  by  Gohanna ;  4th  dam  Grey  Skim  by  AVood- 
pecker;  5th  dam  Silver's  dam  by  Herod  ;  6th  dam  Young  Hag 
by  Skim;  T'th  dam  Hag  by  Crab;  8th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers; 
9th  dam  Old  Ebony  by  Basto  ;  10th  dam  Massey  mare  by 
Mr.  Massey's  Black  Barb. 

Lady  Bull,  b.  f.,  foaled  1796,  bred  by  Sir  C.  Bunbury;  imported 
by  Col.  John  Hoomes,  Bowling  Green,  Va.,  1799.  By  John 
Bull.  1st  dam  by  Pumpkin ;  2d  dam  Eleacatcher  by  Gold- 
finder;  3d  dam  by  Squirrel;  4th  dam  by  Ball;  5th  dam  by 
Lath ;  6th  dam  sister  to  Snip.  She  ran  in  America,  but  left 
no  produce.  Only  one  colt  is  said  to  have  been  foaled  to  her 
by  imported  Stirling,  which  died. 

Lady  Bunbfry,  b.  f.,  foaled  1802,  bred  by  Sir  Charles  Bunbury; 
imported  by  Hon.  John  Eandolph,  Roanoke,  Va.  By  Trumpa- 
tor.  1st  dam  Theopha  by  Highflyer;  2d  dam  Playtliing  by 
Matchem ;  3d  dam  Vixen  by  Eegulus ;  4th  dam  by  Button's 
Spot ;  5th  dam  by  Fox  Cub ;  6th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  7th 
dam  by  Coneyskins ;  8th  dam  by  Hutton's  Grey  Barb ;  9th  dam 
by  Byerly  Turk ;  lOtli  dam  by  Bustler. 

Lady  Elizabeth,  b.  f.,  foaled  1808,  bred  by  Ld.  Londesborough ; 
imported  by  Jas.  E.  Smith,  Jr.,  Esq.,  New  York.  By  Ather- 
stone :  dam  imported  Wombat  by  West  Australian.  (See  imp. 
Wombat.) 

Lady  Emily,  b.  £,  foaled  1826,  bred  by  Mr.  Udney;  sent  to 
United  States  in  1836,  covered  by  St.  Patrick.  By  Emelius. 
1st  dam  Antiope  by  Whalebone ;  2d  dam  Amazon  by  Driver ; 
3d  dam  Fractious  by  Mercury;  4th  dam  by  Woodpecker  ;  5th 
dam  Everlasting  by  Eclipse ;  6th  dam  Hyena  by  Snap ;  7th 
dam  Miss  Belsea  by  Eegulus ;  8th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ; 
9th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  lOth  dam  Mr.  Bowe's 
Byerly  mare,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Lady  Fly,  b.  f,  foaled  1829,  bred  by  Mr.  Dilly;  imported  by 
Hugh  Kirkman,  Esq.,  Alabama.     By  Bustard.    1st  dam  Brown 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MAEES.  ^I'J' 

Duchess  by  Orville ;  2d  dam  Sagana  by  Sorcerer ;  3d  dam  by 
Woodpecker;  4th  dam  by  Herod. 

Lady  G.  (Lady  Gascoigne),  eh.  f.,  foaled  1804,  bred  by  Sir  Thomas 
Gascoigne ;  imported  by  Hon.  John  Eandolph,  Koanoke,  Va., 
1815.  By  Hambletouian.  She  was  the  dam  of  Magician  in 
England.  1st  dam  Golden  Locks  by  Delpini;  2d  dam  Violet 
by  Sharke ;  3d  dam  by  Syphon ;  4th  dam  Quick's  Charlotte  by 
Blank;  5th  dam  by  Crab;  6th  dam  by  Dyer's  Dimple;  7th 
dam  by  BetheFs  Castaway ;  8th  dam  by  "Why-not ;  9th  dam  by 
Eoyal  mare. 

Lady  Geey,  gr.  f.,  foaled  1803,  bred  by  Lord  Egremont ;  imported 

by .    By  Gohanua.     1st  dam  Greyskim  by  Woodpecker; 

2d  dam  Silver's  dam  by  Herod ;  3d  dam  Young  Hag  by  Skim ; 
4th  dam  Hag  by  Cral) ;  5th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers ;  Gth  dam 
Ebony  by  Basto;  7th  dam  Massey  mare. 

Lady  Mosttn,  br.  £,  foaled  1831,  bred  by  Sir  Thomas  Mostyn ; 
imported  by  F.  P.  Corbyn,  Esq.,  Virginia ;  cold  to  Com.  R.  F. 
Stockton,  New  Jersey.  By  Teniers.  1st  dam  Invalid  by 
Whisker ;  2d  dam  Helen  by  Hambletouian ;  3d  dam  Susan  by 
Overton;  4th  dam  Drowsy  by  Drone;  5th  dam  by  Old  Eng- 
land ;  6th  dam  by  Cullen  Arabian ;  7th  dam  Miss  Cade  by 
Cade;  8th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  son  of  Greyhound. 

Lady  Nokthumberlant),  f.,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  imported 

by  Hon.  John  Tayloe,  Mount  Airy,  Va.  By  JSTorthumberland. 
She  cannot  be  found  in  Weatherby ;  her  pedigree  is  doubtless 
correctly  given.  1st  dam  by  Shakespeare ;  2d  dam  by  Eegulus ; 
3d  dam  by  Parker's  Snip ;  4th  dam  by  Old  Partner ;  5tli  dam  by 
Bloody  Buttocks ;  6th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  7th  dam  by  Make- 
less  ;  8th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  9th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ; 
10th  dam  by  Dodsworth ;  11th  dam  Layton's  Barb  mare. 

Lady  Scott,  br.  f.,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  imported  by  R.  D. 

Shepherd,  Virginia ;  owned  by  John  M.  Clay,  Esq.,  Lexington, 
Ky.  By  Ardrossan.  1st  dam  Dodo  by  Viscount;  2d  dam 
Brilliante  by  Whiskey ;  3d  dam  by  Diomed ;  4th  dam  by  Im- 
perator ;  5th  dam  Otheothea  by  Otho  ;  6tli  dam  by  Snap  ;  7th 
dam  by  Eegulus ;  8th  dam  Wildair's  dam  by  Steady. 

Lady  Sheffield,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Mr.  Turner;  imported 
into  South  Carolina.    By  Recovery.    Dam  Primrose  by  Comus. 

(See  Primrose.) 


618  THE  HOESE. 

Lady  Sykes,  gr.  f.,  foaled  1850,  bred  by  Sir  Tatton  Sykes ;  imported 
by  James  Fullington,  Esq.,  1857;  owned  by  E.  M.  Bennett, 
Woodstock,  Ohio.  By  Sleigh t-of-IIand.  1st  dam  Wicket  by 
Stumps;  2d  dam  by  Phantom;  3d  dam  sister  to  Consul  by 
Camillus ;  4tli  dam  by  Shuttle ;  5th  dam  Eliza  by  Highflyer ; 
Gth  dam  Augusta  by  Eclipse ;  ^th  dam  by  Herod ;  8th  dam  by 
Bajazet ;  9tli  dam  by  Eegulus ;  10th  dam  by  Lonsdale  Arabian ; 
11th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton  ;  12th  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian. 

Lanercost  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1844,  bred  by  Mr.  Foljambe;  im- 
ported 1858  by  A.  Keen  Eichards,  Esq.,  Scott  county,  Ky.  By 
Lanercost.  1st  dam  The  Nun  by  Catton;  2d  dam  by  Paynator; 
3d  dam  sister  to  Zodiac  by  St.  George ;  4tli  dam  Abigail  by 
Woodpecker ;  5th  dam  Firetail  by  Eclipse ;  6th  dam  by  Blank ; 
7th  dam  by  Cade ;  8th  dam  Spectator's  dam  by  Partner ;  9tli 
dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Bay  Bolton ;  10th  dam  by  Darley's  Ara- 
bian ;  11th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk ;  12th  dam  by  Taffolet  Barb  ; 
13th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  14th  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Langar  Mare,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Lord  Chesterfield;  im- 
ported into  South  Carolina  by  Col.  Singleton.  By  Langar. 
1st  dam  by  Whisker ;  2d  dam  Tramp's  dam  by  Gohanna  ;  3d 
dam  Eraxinella  by  Trentham ;  4th  dam  by  Woodpecker ;  5tli 
dam  Everlasting  by  Eclipse.     (See  Lady  Emily.) 

Langae  Mare,  ch.  £,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Mr.  Gratwicke ;  im- 
ported by  CoL  Wade  Hampton,  South  Carolina.  Ovvmed  by 
John  Manning,  Esq.  By  Langar.  1st  dam  the  Balkan  by 
Blacklock ;  2d  dam  Mrs.  Fry  by  Walton ;  3d  dam  Vourneen  by 
Sorcerer;  4th  dam  Tovee  by  Buzzard;  5tli  dam  Violet  by 
Shark ;  Gth  dam  by  Syphon ;  7th  dam  Quick's  Charlotte  by 
Blank ;  8th  dam  by  Crab,  etc.,  etc. 

Langar  Mare,  f.,  foaled  1837  or  '38,  bred  by ;  imported  by 

.    By  Langar.    1st  dam  by  Blacklock;  2d  dam  Marchesa 

(sister  to  My  Lady)  by  Comus.     (See  My  Lady.) 

Langar  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1838,  bred  by  Mr.  Bowers ;  imported 
by  J.  M.  Eouzan,  Esq.,  Louisiana.  By  Langar.  1st  dam  by 
Waxy,  Lady  Stafford's  dam ;  2d  dam  Bizarre  l^y  Peruyian ;  3d 
dam  Violante  by  John  Bull ;  4tli  dam  sister  to  Skyscraper  by 
Highflyer ;  5th  dam  Everlasting  by  Eclipse ;  Gth  dam  Hyena 
by  Snap ;  7th  dam  Miss  Belsea  by  Eegulus. 

L'Anglaise,  b.  f.,  foaled  1859,  by  Hobbie  Noble,  bred  by  Her 
Majesty,    Hampton    Court;    imported    by  Messrs.    Dudley  & 


LIST  OF  IMPORTED  MARES. 


619 


Bruce,  agents  of  Kentucky  Importing  Company,  1860.  The 
property  of  J.  S.  Watson,  Esq.,  Valley  Brook  Farm,  K  J.  1st 
dam  Peri  by  Irisli  Birdcatcher  ;  2d  dam  Perdita  by  Langar ;  3d 
dam  Delenda  by  Gohanna ;  4tb  dam  Carthage  by  Driver  (sister 
to  Hannibal);  5th  dam  Fractious  by  Mercury;  6th  dam  by 
Woodpecker;  7th  dam  Everlasting  by  Echpse  (dam  of  Sky- 
scraper; 8th  dam  Hyena  by  Snap;  9th  dam  Miss  Belsea  by 
Eegulus;  10th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers  ;  11th  dam  by  Honey- 
wood's  Arabian ;  12th  dam  Byerly  mare  (dam  of  the  two  True 
Blues). 

LAPDoa  Mare,  b,  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Mr.  E.  Prince;  imported 
by  Col.  Singleton,  South  Carolina.  By  Lapdog.  1st  dam  Mis- 
chance by  Merlin;  2d  dam  by  Haphazard;  3d  dam  Web  by 
Waxy,  etc.,  etc.     (See  Glencoe.) 

Lapdog  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Lord  Lowther ;  imported 
by  Drs.  Nott  &  Feme  into  Mobile,  Ala.  By  Lapdog.  1st  dam 
Pomona  by  Vespasian ;  2d  dam  by  Walton ;  3d  dam  Young 
Giantess  by  Diomed;  4tli  dam  Giantess  by  Matchem;  5tli  dam 
Molly  Long-legs  by  Babraham ;  6th  dam  by  Cole's  Fox  Hunter ; 
7th  dam  Partner ;  8th  dam  Eoxana  by  the  Bald  Galloway ;  9th 
dam  sister  to  Chanter  by  the  Ankaster  Turk;  10th  dam  by 
Leedes'  Arabian  ;  lltli  dam  by  Spanker. 

Likeness,  ch.  t,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  Batson ;  imported  by  A. 
J.  Davie,  North  Carolina.  By  Sir  Peter  Lely.  She  was  trained 
and  run  in  the  United  States  with  some  success  by  E.  H.  Long, 
Esq.,  Alabama.  1st  dam  Worthless  by  Walton ;  2d  dam  Altisi- 
dora  by  Dick  Andrews ;  3d  dam  Mundane  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4th 
dam  Young  Camilla  by  Woodpecker;  5th  dam  Camilla  by 
Trentham;  6th  dam  Coquette  by  Compton  Barb;  7th  dam 
sister  to  Eegulus  by  Godolphin  Arabian. 

Lilly,  b.  f ,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  His  Majesty ;  imported  by  Col. 
Wade  Hampton,  South  Carolina.  Given  to  Col.  Fludd.  By 
The  Colonel.  1st  dam  Fleur  de  Lis  by  Bourbon;  2d  dam 
Lady  Eachael  by  Stamford ;  3d  dam  Young  Eachael  by  Volun- 
teer.    (See  imported  Sovereign.) 

Little  Jane,  b.  f.,  foaled  1840,  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Osborne ;  imported 

by .    By  Liverpool  or  The  Mole.    1st  dam  by  Cerberus ; 

2d  dam  Diana  by  Kill  Devil ;  3d  dam  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4th  dam 
Maid  of  all  Work  by  Highflyer;  5th  dam  sister  to  Tandem  by 


620  THE    HORSE. 

Syphon ;  Gtli  dam  by  Eegulus ;  7th  dam  by  Snip ;  8th  dam  by 
Cottingham ;  9th  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by  Snake. 

LOTTEET  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1832,  bred  byMr.  Kirby;  imported 
into  South  Carolina;  owned  by  Col.  Singleton.  By  Lottery. 
1st  dam  by  Whisker ;  2d  dam  by  Bay  Trophonius ;  3d  dam  by 
Slope;  4th  dam  Lardella  by  Young  Marske;  5th  dam  by  Cade  ; 
6tli  dam  Beaufremont's  dam  by  brother  to  Fearnought,  etc. 

Lottery  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  J.  Eichardson,  of 
New  York;  imported  by  Eezin  D.  Shepherd,  Esq.,  Virginia; 
owned  by  Henry  Shepherd,  Esq.  By  Lottery.  1st  dam  sister 
to  Goshawk  by  Merlin ;  2d  dam  Coquette  by  Dick  Andrews. 
(See  Gabriella.) 

LOUF  Garou  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1859,  by  Loup  Garou,  bred  by  Mr. 
Simpson  Diss,  Cambridgeshire ;  imported  1860,  by  Messrs.  Dud- 
ley &  Bruce,  agents  of  Kentucky  Company.  Lately  the  prop- 
erty of  D.  F.  Kenner,  Louisiana.  1st  dam  Kitty  Fishington  by 
Amphion ;  2d  dam  Shield  by  Defence ;  3d  dam  Arabella  by  The 
Colonel ;  4th  dam  Isabella  by  Comus ;  5th  dam  Shepherdess  by 
Shuttle ;  6th  dam  by  Buzzard ;  7th  dam  Ann  of  the  Forest  by 
King  Fergus ;  8th  dam  Miss  West  by  Matchem ;  9th  dam  by 
Eegulus;  10th  dam  by  Crab;  11th  dam  by  Childers;  12th  dam 
by  Basto. 

LtjCious,  br.  f.,  foaled  1856,  bred  at  the  Swalcliffe  stud ;  imported 
into  Boston,  Mass.,  1860 ;  covered  by  Wild  Dayrell.  By  Sweet- 
meat. 1st  dam  Kilmeny  by  Picaroon  ;  2d  dam  Brandy  Snap  by 
Muley  Moloch  ;  3d  dam  Belinda  by  Blacklock ;  4th  dam  Wag- 
tail by  Prime  Minister ;  5th  dam  by  Orville ;  6th  dam  Miss 
Grimstone  by  Weasel ;  7th  dam  by  Ancaster ;  8  th  dam  by  Da- 
mascus Arabian ;  9th  dam  by  Sampson  ;  10th  dam  by  Oroo- 
noko ;  11th  dam  Sophia  (sister  to  Mirza). 

Lucy,  b.  f ,  foaled  1829,  bred  by  Mr.  Bolton  King ;  imported  by  Col. 
Wade  Hampton,  South  Carolina  (covered  by  Camel  before  leav- 
ing England),  1837.  By  Cain.  1st  dam  by  Bustard  (son  of 
Castrel);  2d  dam  by  Walton;  3d  dam  Gipsey  by  Guildford; 
4th  dam  America  by  Imperator,  etc.,  etc. 

Luna,  b.  f.,  foaled  1824,  bred  by  Mr.  James  Moon ;  sent  to  America, 
1839  ;  covered  by  Onus.  By  AVanderer.  1st  dam  by  Canopus  ; 
2d  dam  by  Teddy-the-Grinder;  3d  dam  by  Precipitate;  4th 
dam  by  Pumpkin. 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MARES.  631 

LuELiNE,  br.  f.,  foaled  18G0,  bred  by  Mr.  Hilton;  imported  into 
Nova  Scotia,  1865;  covered  by  Diopliautus.  By  Gemma  di 
Vergy :  dam  Eepartee  by  Pantaloon ;  2d  dam  Eetort  by  Camel ; 
3d  dam  Banter  by  Master  Henry ;  4th  dam  Bodicea  by  Alexan- 
der ;  5tli  dam  Brunette  by  Amarantlius ;  6th  dam  Mayfly  by 
Matchem ;  7th  dam  by  Ancaster  Starling ;  8th  dam  by  Grass- 
hopper; 9th  dam  by  Newton's  Arabian;  lOtli  dam  by  Pert; 
11th  dam  by  St.  Martin ;  12  th  dam  by  Sir  E.  Hale's  Arabian ; 
13th  dam  the  Oldfield  mare. 

Madcap,  b.  f.,  foaled  1793,  bred  by  Mr.  0.  Kelly;  imported  into  the 
United  States  in  1794,  by  Col.  Tayloe,  Virginia.  By  Anvil. 
1st  dam  Madcap  by  Eclipse ;  2d  dam  by  Blank ;  3d  dam  by 
Blaze ;  4th  dam  by  Young  Greyhound ;  5th  dam  by  Curwen's 
Bay  Barb. 

Maggy  Lauder,  f.,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  imported  by  Cap- 
tain Campbell.  By  Cripple.  Eirst  dam  Lord  D'Arcy's  Eoyal 
mare. 

Maid  of  Honor,  b.  f.,  yearling,  bred  by  Her  Majesty,  at  Hampton 
Court,  foaled  1864 ;  imported  by  K.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  New 
York.  By  Newminster.  1st  dam  Himalaya  .(darn  of  Imaus 
and  Hydaspes)  by  Bay  Middleton  ;  2d  dam  Moodkee  by  Ven- 
ison ;  3d  dam  Young  Defiance  by  Saracen ;  4th  dam  Defiance 
by  Eubens'  dam  of  Defence,  Delight,  Dauntless  and  Design ; 
5th  dam  Little  Folly  by  Highland  Fling  (dam  of  Eliza  and 
Triumph) ;  6th  dam  Harriet  by  Volunteer  (dam  of  Usquebaugh 
and  Flash) ;  7th  dam  Lady  Sarah's  dam  by  Alfred ;  8th  dam 
Magnolia  by  Marske;  9th  dam  by  Babraham;  10th  dam  by 
Sedbury ;  11th  dam  by  Childers. 

Maid  of  Orleans,  b.  f.,  foaled  1840,  bred  by ;  imported  by 

;  owned,  1843,  by  J.  W.  Walsh,  Esq.    By  Stockport. 

1st  dam  sister  to  Ellis  by  Langar ;  2d  dam  Olympia  by  Sir 
Oliver ;  3d  dam  Scotilla  by  Anvil ;  4th  dam  Scota  by  Eclipse ; 
5tli  dam  by  Herod ;  6th  dam  Eutilia  by  Blank ;  7tli  dam  by 
Eegulus  ;  8th  dam  by  Soreheels ;  9th  dam  by  Makeless ;  10th 
dam  Christopher  D'Arcy's  Eoyal  mare. 

Maid  of  Eoyston,  foaled  1864,  bred  by  Mr.  Kruckenberg;  imported 
into  Canada  1868;  covered  by  Claret.  By  Knight  of  the  Kars : 
dam  Henham  Lass  by  The  Flying  Dutchman ;  2d  dam  La 
Bonne  by  Alpheus  ;  3d  dam  Boarding  School  Miss  by  Plenipo- 
tentiary ;  4th  dam  Marpessa  by  Mulcy ;  5th  dam  Clare  by  Mar- 


623  THE    HORSE. 

mion ;  Gth  dam  Harpalice  by  Gohauna ;  7th  dam  Amazon  by 
Driver ;  8th  dam  Fractions  by  Mercury ;  9th  dam  by  Wood- 
pecker; 10th  dam  Everlasting  byEcliiise;  11th  dam  Hyaena 
by  Snap;  12th  dam  Miss  Belsea  by  Eegulus;  13th  dam  byBart- 
lett's  Cliilders ;  14th  dam  Byerly  mare,  dam  of  two  True  Bhies. 

Maid  of  Wirrel,  oh.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Sir  T.  Stanly;  im- 
ported by .    By  Battledore.     1st  dam  Maid  of  Lord  by 

Castrel ;  2d  dam  by  Richardson's  Marske ;  3d  dam  by  Rocking- 
ham; 4tli  dam  Butterfly  by  Eclipse ;  5th  dam  by  Lord  Port- 
more's  Highlander;  6th  dam  by  Babraham;  7th  dam  Puss  by 
Steady. 

Malibrai^,  ch.  f.,  foaled ,  bred  by  Sir  L.  Glynn ;  imported  into 

Alabama  by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq. ;  covered  by  Glaucus ;  owned 
by  Charles  McLaren,  Alabama.  By  Muley.  1st  dam  Prima 
Donna  by  Soothsayer ;  2d  dam  Tippitywitchet  by  AYaxy ;  3d 
dam  Hare  by  Sweetbriar;  4th  dam  by  Justice;  5th  dam  by 
Chymist;  6th  dam  by  South;  7th  dam  sister  to  Sir  James 
Lowther's  Babraham. 

Mambrina,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1785,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor;  imported 
into  South  Carolina  in  1787.  By  Mambrino.  1st  dam  sister  to 
Naylor's  Sally  by  Blank ;  2d  dam  by  Ward ;  3d  dam  by  Mer- 
lin ;  4tli  dam  by  Pert ;  5th  dam  by  St.  Martin's. 

Mambriko  Mare,  br.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Lord  Fitzwilham ; 
imjiorted  into  South  Carolina  by  Mr.  Porcher;  owned  by  W.  J. 
Taylor,  Esq.  By  Mambrino.  1st  dam  Clinkerina  by  Clinker; 
2d  dam  Pewet  by  Tandem ;  8d  dam  Termagant  by  Tantrum ; 
4th  dam  Cantatrice  by  Sampson ;  5th  dam  by  Regulus ;  6th 
dam  Marske's  dam  by  Hutton's  Blacklegs. 

Mango,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1836  ;  imported  in  her  dam's  belly  by  H.  &  J. 
Kirkman,  Nashville,  Tenn.  By  English  Taurus.  First  dam 
imported  Pickle  l)y  Emelius.  (See  Pickle.)  She  ran  in  United 
States  successfully. 

Mania,  f.,  foaled  1827,  bred  by  Mr.  ElHs ;  imported  into  South  Car- 
olina ;  owned  by  R.  M.  Deveaux.  By  Figaro.  1st  dam  Maniac 
by  Shuttle ;  2d  dam  Offa's  Dyke's  dam  by  Benningbrough  ;  3d 
dam  Expectation  by  Herod ;  4tli  dam  by  Skim ;  5th  dam  by 
Janus ;  6th  dam  Spinster  by  Crab  ;  7th  dam  the  Widdrington 
mare  by  Partner ;  8th  dam  sister  to  Squirrel's  dam  by  Bloody 
Buttocks;  9th  dam  by  Greyhound;  10th  dam  by  Makeless; 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MARES.  633 

11th  dam  by  Brimmer;  12th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  13th 
dam  by  Dodsworth ;  14th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 
Marchesa,  b.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Eidsdale ;  imported  into 
Louisiana,  and  owned  by  John  Ronth,  Esq.    By  Tramp.    Dam 
Marchesa  (sister  to  My  Lady)  by  Comus.     (See  My  Lady.) 

Margravine,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Arrowsmith ;  imported 
in  foal  to  Langar,  1841,  by  J.  M.  Roiizan,  Esq.,  New  Orleans, 
La.  By  Margrave  (before  his  importation).  1st  dam  (sister  to 
Memnon)  by  Whisker;  2d  dam  Mannella  by  Dick  Andrews; 
3d  dam  Mandane  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4th  dam  Young  Camilla  by 
Woodpecker.     (See  Likeness.) 

Maria  Black,  br.  £,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  W.  Turner ;  imported 
by  H.  A.  Tayloe,  Louisiana ;  owned  by  James  L.  Bradley,  Esq., 
Lexington,  Ky.  By  Filho-da-Puta.  1st  dam  by  Smolensko; 
2d  dam  by  Sir  Peter ;  3d  dam  by  Mambrino ;  4th  dam  Marigold 
by  Herod ;  5th  dam  Toy  (sister  to  Pacolet)  by  Blank ;  6th  dam 
Whiteneck  by  Crab ;  7th  dam  by  Godolphin  Arabian ;  8th  dam 
by  Conyer's  Arabian ;  9th  dam  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  10th  dam 
by  Marshall's  Spot;  11th  dam  White-legged  Chestnut  Lowther 
Barb ;  12th  dam  A^intner  mare. 

Marigold,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1829,  bred  by  Mr.  Yates;  imported  into 
South  Carolina.  By  Cain.  1st  dam  Matilda  by  Orville ;  2d  dam 
by  Sorcerer ;  3d  dam  Matilda  by  Whisker ;  4th  dam  (sister  to 
Toby)  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  by  Matchem ;  6th  dam  Dainty 
Davy ;  7th  dam  by  Son  of  Mogul ;  8th  dam  by  Crab ;  9th  dam 
by  Bay  Bolton ;  10th  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb. 

Maritan-a,  bl.  f.,  foaled  1853,  bred  by ;  imported  into  Canada 

by  Sheriff  Grange.  By  Flatcatcher.  1st  dam  by  Voltair;  2d 
dam  Eowena  by . 

Mary  Gray,  gr.  f.,  foaled  1742,  bred  by  Mr.  Crofts ;  imported  into 
the  United  States  in  1746.  By  Roundhead.  1st  dam  Ringbone 
by  Crofts'  Partner ;  2d  dam  by  Crofts'  Bay  Barb ;  3d  dam  by 
]\Iakeless ;  4th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  5th  dam  by  Dicky  Pierson ; 
6th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Matilda  Routh,  b.  f,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Thornhill;  im- 
ported by ;  oAvned  by  John  Routh,  Esq.,  Louisiana.    By 

Merchant.  1st  dam  Medelina  (dam  of  Esprit  and  Muzee)  by 
Cervantes ;  2d  dam  Mary  by  Sir  Peter ;  3d  dam  by  Diomed ; 
4th  dam  Desdemona  by  Marske ;  5th  dam  Young  Hag  by  Skim ; 
6th  dam  Hag  by  Crab ;  7th  dam  Ebony  by  Childers,  etc. 


634  THE  nOESE. 

Maud,  b.  f.,  foaled  1859,  by  Stockwell ;  bred  by  Lord  Londesborough ; 
imported  by  Messrs.  Dudley  &  Bruce,  agents  of  the  Kentucky 
Importing  Company.  The  property  of  John  Hunter,  Esq., 
New  York.  1st  dam  Countess  of  Albermarle  by  Lanercost; 
2d  dam  (sister  to  Hornsea)  by  Velocipede ;  3d  dam  by  Cereberus; 
4th  dam  Miss  Cranfield  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ;  5th  dam  by 
Pegasus ;  6th  dam  by  Paymaster ;  7th  dam  Pomona  by  Herod ; 
8th  dam  Caroline  by  Snap ;  9th  dam  by  Kegulus ;  10th  dam  by 
Hip;  11th  dam  Large  Hartley,  by  Hartley's  blind  horse;  13th 
dam  Flying  Whig  by  WiHiam's  Woodstock  Arabian ;  13th  dam 
by  St.  Victor  Barb ;  14th  dam  by  Why-not  (a  son  of  Fenwick 
Barb) ;  15th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Medora  (called  also  Pomona),  b.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Lord  Fitz- 
william ;  imported  into  South  Carolina  by  Col.  Singleton.  By 
Chateau  Margaux  (before  his  importation).  1st  dam  Marianne 
by  Sorcerer ;  2d  dam  Thomasina  by  Tiraothy ;  3d  dam  Violet 
by  Shark ;  4th  dam  by  Syphon ;  5th  dam  Charlotte  by  Blank ; 
6th  dam  by  Crab ;  7th  dam  by  Dyer's  Dimple ; ;  8th  dam  by 
Why-not ;  9tli  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Meleose,  f.,  foaled  1845,  bred  by  Mr.  Lane  Fox;  imported  by  A. 
Kean  Eichards,  Scott  county,  Ky.  By  Melbourne.  1st  dam 
Clarkia  by  Muley  Moloch ;  2d  dam  sister  to  Eighton,  by  Pal- 
merin  (son  of  Amadis,  out  of  own  sister  to  Orville) ;  3d  dam 
Oceana  by  Cerberus;  4tli  dam  by  Benningbrough ;  5th  dam 
Jenny  Mole  by  Carbuncle ;  6th  dam  by  Prince  T'Quassaw ;  7th 
dam  by  Eegulus  ;  8th  dam  by  Partner. 

Memxoit  Maee,  b.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  Painter ;  imported 

by ,  in  ship  China,  to  Charleston,  S.  C.     By  Memnon. 

1st  dam  Eleanor  by  Muley;  2d  dam  by  Sancho;  3d  dam  by 
Sir  Harry;  4th  dam  by  Florizel;  5th  dam  Nosegay  by  Justice; 
6th  dam  Nosegay  by  Snap ;  7tli  dam  Flora  by  Young  Cade ; 
8th  dam  Midge  by  son  of  Bay  Bolton ;  9th  dam  by  Childers. 

Meemaid,  t,  foaled  ,  bred  by  Wm.  Haxall,  Virginia,  who  im- 
ported her  mother  Promise.  By  Waxy.  Dam  imported 
Promise  by  Buzzard  (which  see). 

Meeet  Lass  (called  also  Lovely  Lass),  f. ;  imported  by  Peter  Ean- 
dolph,  Virginia.     Pedigi-ee  cannot  be  identified. 

MiLLiNEE,  b.  f ,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Mr.  Thornhill ;  imported  by 
Col.  Wade  Hampton,  S.  C.  By  Merchant.  1st  dam  Surprise 
by  Scud;   2d  dam  Manfreda  by  Williamson's  Ditto;  3d  dam 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    MAKES.  625 

Tawny  bj  Mentor ;  4tli  dam  Jemima  by  Satellite ;  5th  dam 
Waxy's  dam  (Maria)  by  Herod ;  6th  dam  Lisette  by  Snap ;  7th 
dam  Miss  Windsor  by  Godolpliin  Arabian ;  8th  dam  sister  to 
Wy^dll's  Volunteer  by  Young  Belgrave ;  9th  dam  by  Bartlett's 
Childers. 

Miranda,  b.  f.,  foaled  1827,  bred  by  Mr.  Ryan ;  imported  by  E.  H. 
Boardman,  Huntsville,  Ala.,  with  br.  filly,  foal  by  Camel,  and 
covered  by  Glaucus.  By  Wofal.  1st  dam  by  Benniugbrough ; 
2d  dam  Blacklock's  dam  by  Coriander ;  3d  dam  Wildgoose  by 
Highflyer;  4th  dam  Coheiress  byPot-8-o's;  5tli  dam  Manilla 
by  Goldfinder ;  6th  dam  Mr.  Goodrike's  Old  England  mare. 

Misfortune,  by  Pantaloon  ;  imported  by  Col.  J.  Hoomes,  Virginia. 
Died  leaving  no  produce. 

Miss  Accident,  b.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Eidsdale ;  imported 
by  J.  G.  Winter,  Esq.,  Georgia.  By  Tramp.  First  dam  Flor- 
estine  by  Whisker.  (See  Florestine.)  She  was  trained  and  ran 
in  America. 

Miss  Andrews,  b.  f,  foaled  1826,  bred  by  Lord  Scarborough;  im- 
ported into  Kentucky  by  Messrs.  T.  H.  &  H.  Clay,  Jr.  By 
Catton.  1st  dam  by  Dick  Andrews;  2d  dam  by  Sir  Peter;  3d 
dam  Play  or  Pay's  dam  by  Herod ;  4th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  5th 
dam  Royal  George's  dam  by  Rib;  6th  dam  by  Snake;  7th  dam 
by  Coneyskins ;  8tli  dam  by  Huttou's  Barb. 

Miss  Bennington,  f.,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  imported  by 

Dr.  Wm.  Thornton,  Washington,  D.  C.  By  Escape.  1st  dam 
by  Lord  Percy's  Ali-Bey;  2d  dam  by  King  Herod ;  3d  dam  by 
Old  Snap ;  4th  dam  (Chalkstone  dam)  by  Crab ;  5th  dam  Miss 
Meredith  by  Cade ;  6th  dam  Little  Hartley  mare  by  Bartlett's 
Childers;  7tli  dam  Flying  Whig  by  William's  Woodstock 
Arabian  ;  8th  dam  by  St.  Victor  Barb. 

Miss  Clinker,  b.  f ,  foaled  1835,  bred  and  owned  by  Col.  J.  B. 
Richardson,  of  South  Carolina.  By  Humphrey  Clinker.  First 
dam  imported  Mania  by  Figaro.     (See  Mania.) 

Miss  Colyille,  f.,  said  to  have  been  the  dam  of  Spark,  who  was 
presented  to  Gov.  Ogle,  of  Maryland,  by  Lord  Baltimore,  who 
received  her  as  a  present  from  Frederick,  Prince  of  Wales.  By 
Old  Hautboy.  First  dam  by  Brimmer.  Pedigree  cannot  be 
authenticated  from  English  Stud  Book.  Spark  by  Honey- 
VoL.  I.— 40 


626  THE    HORSE. 

comb  Punch.    Miss  Colville  imported  by  Col.  Colville,  Virginia, 
and  named  in  tliis  country. 

Miss  GoLBOURisr,  br.  f.,  foaled  1831',.  bred  by  Mr.  E.  Turner;  im- 
ported by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala.,  in  foal  to 
Langar.  By  Lottery.  Miss  Golbourn  was  killed  by  lightning, 
August,  1844.  1st  dam  The  Nun  by  Blacklock ;  2d  dam  by 
Whisker;  3d  dam  by  Orville ;  4th  dam  Otteriugton's  dam. 
(See  The  Nun's  daughter.) 

Miss  Eockikgham,  br.  f.,  foaled  1839,  bred  by  Mr.  Theobald;  im- 
ported by  M.  M.  Rawlings,  Esq.  By  Eockingham.  1st  dam 
by  Don  Cossxck ;  2d  dam  by  Sorcerer ;  3d  dam  by  Justice ;  4th 
dam  Parsley  by  Pot-8-o's ;  5th  dam  Lady  Bolingbroke  by 
Squirrel;  6th  dam  Cy[3ron  by  Blaze;  7tli  dam  Selima  by 
Bethel's  Arabian  ;  8th  dam  by  Graham's  Champion ;  9tli  dam 
by  Barley's  Arabian ;  lOtli  dam  by  Merlin. 

Miss  Eose,  b.  f.,  foaled  1826,  bred  by  Mr.  Moss ;  imported  by  E.  D. 
Shepherd,  Virginia,  1834.  By  Tramp.  1st  dam  by  Sancho ; 
2d  dam  Blacklock's  dam  by  Coriander ;  3d  dam  Wildgoose  by 
Highflyer;  4th  dam  Coheiress  by  Pot-8-o's;  5th  dam  Manilla 
by  Goldfinder ;  6th  dam  Old  England  mare  by  Old  England ; 
7th  dam  by  Cullen  Arabian ;  8th  dam  Miss  Cade  by  Cade ;  9th 
dam  Miss  Makeless  by  son  of  Greyhound  out  of  Farewell ;  10th 
dam  by  Partner;  11th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam  by  Woodcock ; 
12th  dam  by  Crofts'  Bay  Barb;  13th  dam  Desdemona's  dam  by 
Makeless. 

Miss  Susan  Dodge,  b.  f.,  foaled  1836 ;  imported  into  Alabama, 
and  owned  by  Col.  John  Crowell.  By  Tramp.  First  dam  by 
Whisker. 

Miss  West,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1822,  bred  by  Mr.  C.  Day;  imported  by 
Messrs.  Ogden  &  Corbin.  By  Eubens.  1st  dam  Snowdrop  by 
Highland  Fling;  2d  dam  Daizy  by  Buzzard;  3d  dam  Tulip  by 
Damper ;  4th  dam  by  Eclipse ;  5th  dam  Earity  by  Matchem. 

Miss  Windmill,  by  Highflyer  in  England ;  imported  by  Col.  J. 
Hoomes,  Virginia.     Died  leaving  no  produce. 

Moll  Brazen,  gr.  f.,  foaled  1761,  bred  by  Mr.  Hodgson,  of  Tod- 
caster,  in  Yorkshire ;  imported  before  the  Eevolution  by  Henry 
Mitchell,  Esq.,  Virginia.  By  Cub  (son  of  Old  Fox).  1st  dam 
by  Torrismond ;  2d  dam  by  Second  ;  3d  dam  by  Mogul;  4th 
dam  by  Sweepstakes;  5th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton;  6th  dam  by 


LIST    OF    lilPOKTED    MAllES.  637 

Cnrwen's  Bay  Barb ;  7th  clam  by  Curwen's  Old  Spot ;  8tli  dam 
by  White-legged  Lowther  Barb. 

Moll  ix  the  Wad,  foaled  17&7,  bred  by  Sir  F.  Stan  dish;  imported 
by  Col.  John  Tayloe,  Virginia,  or  Col.  John  Hoomes.  By  Sir 
Peter  Teazle.  1st  dam  Yellow  Mare  by  Tandem;  2d  dam 
Perdita  by  Herod ;  3d  dam  Fair  Forester  by  Sloe ;  4th  dam 
by  Forester ;  5th  dam  by  Partner ;  6tli  dam  by  Crofts'  Bay 
Barb ;  7th  dam  by  Makeless ;  8th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  9th  dam 
by  son  of  Dodsworth ;  10th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

MoiSTKET  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled ,  bred  by  Sir  John  Eamsden,  Bart. ; 

imported  into  Virginia  by  Col.  John  Hoomes,  Bowling  Green. 
By  Monkey.  1st  dam  by  Lonsdale,  black  Arabian  ;  2d  dam  by 
Lonsdale,  bay  Arabian ;  3d  dam  by  Coneyskins ;  4tli  dam  by 
Dodsworth ;  5th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Mulatto  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1854,  bred  by  Lord  Fitzwilliams ;  im- 
ported into  the  United  States  about  1835  or  '6.  By  Mulatto. 
1st  dam  Leonella  by  Cervantes ;  2d  dam  Sally  by  Sir  Peter ; 
3d  dam  by  Diomed ;  4th  dam  Desdemona  by  Marske ;  5th  dam 
Young  Hag  by  Skim ;  Gth  dam  by  Crab ;  7th  dam  by  Childers. 

Mulatto  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Lord  Stanley ;  imported 
into  South  Carolina  by  Mr.  Porcher  and  sold  to  P.  McEea.  By 
Mulatto.  1st  dam  Olinda  by  The  Colonel;  2d  dam  Linda  by 
Waterloo;  3d  dam  Cresida  by  Whiskey  (dam  of  Priam,  see 
him). 

My  Lady,  b.  f ,  foaled  1818,  bred  by  Mr.  Wyville ;  imported  by  Mr. 
Corbin,  Virginia,  about  1836.  By  Comus.  1st  dam  the  Colo- 
nel's dam  by  Delpini ;  2d  dam  Tipple  Cider  by  King  Fergus  ; 
3d  dam  Sylvia  by  Young  Marske ;  4tli  dam  Ferret  by  brother 
to  Silvio  (son  of  St.  George) ;  5th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  6tli  dam 
by  Lord  Moreton's  Arabian  ;  7tli  dam  by  Mixbury ;  8th  dam 
by  Mulso  Bay  Turk ;  9th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton ;  10th  dam  by 
Coneyskins;  11th  dam  by  Hutton's  Grey  Barb;  12tli  dam  by 
Byerly  Turk ;  13th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Myrtle,  ch.  f ,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  Theobald ;  imported  by 
Messrs.  H.  &  J.  Kirkman,  Nashville,  Tenn.,  1836.  By  Mama- 
luke  (winner  of  Derby,  1827;  2d  in  St.  Leger  same  year).  1st 
dam  Bobadilla  by  Bobadil.  (Bobadilla  won  gold  Cup  at  Ascot, 
and  Drawing-room  Stakes  at  Goodwood,  1828) ;  2d  dam  Pytho- 
ness by  Sorcerer ;  3d  dam  Princess  by  Sir  Peter ;  4th  dam  by 
Dungannon ;  5th  dam  by  Turf;  6th  dam  by  Herod ;  7th  dam 


C28  THE    HORSE. 

Golden  Grove  by  Blank;  8tli  dam  Spinster  (the  Widdrington 
mare)  by  Crofts'  Partner ;  9th  dam  Bay  Bloody  Buttocks  by 
Bloody  Buttocks ;  10th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  11th  dam  by  Make- 
less  ;  12th  dam  by  Brimmer ;  loth  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ; 
14th  dam  by  Dodsworth ;  15th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Nameless,  b.  f.,  foaled  1825,  bred  by  Mr.  Alanson ;  imported  into 
New  York,  1829,  by  Charies  Green,  Esq.  By  Filho-da-Puta. 
1st  dam  sister  to  Eosetta  by  Young  Woodpecker;  2d  dam 
Equity  by  Dungannon  ;  3d  dam  by  Justice;  4th  dam  by  Eegu- 
lus ;  5th  dam  by  Starling ;  6tli  dam  Snap's  dam  by  Fox ;  7th 
dam  Gipsey  by  Bay  Bolton,  etc. 

Naistgy  Btwell,  b.  f.,  foaled  about  1761,  bred  by  Mr.  Hopper;  im- 
ported by  Mr.  Mitchell,  of  Charles  county,  Md. ;  owned  by  Col. 
Lloyd.  By  Matchem  (son  of  Cade).  Her  jDedigree  cannot  be 
found  in  English  Stud  Book,  but  is  doubtless  correct.  She 
raced  successfully  in  1770,  '1,  '2  and  '3,  and  is  the  only  nag 
which  ever  beat  Fitzhugh's  Regulus  and  De  Lancy's  Lath.  1st 
dam  by  Goliah  (son  of  Old  Fox).  2d  dam  by  Eed  Eose ;  3d 
dam  by  Curwen's  Old  Spot ;  4th  dam  by  Hip ;  5th  dam  by 
Dodsworth ;  6th  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

Nanny  Kilham,  b.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  L.  Hesseltine;  im- 
ported by  Hugh  &  John  Kirkman,  Nashville,  Tenn.  In  foal 
to  The  Saddler.  By  Voltair.  Died  1854,  the  property  of  Gen. 
W.  G.  Harding.  1st  dam  Bolus'  dam  by  Comus;  2d  dam 
Lisette  by  Hambletonian ;  3d  dam  Constantia  (sister  to  Game- 
nut)  by  Walnut ;  4th  dam  Contessina  by  Young  Marske ;  5th 
dam  Tuberose  by  Herod;  6th  dam  by  Starling;  7th  dam 
Coughing  Polly  by  Bartlett's  Childers  ;  8th  dam  by  Counsellor; 
9th  dam  by  Snake;  10th  dam  by  Luggs;  11th  dam  by  Davill's 
Old  Woodcock. 

Nell  Gwynn,  b.  £,  foaled  1827,  bred  by  Mr.  Meynell;  imported 
by  Capt.  W.  J.  Minor,  Natchez,  Miss.  In  foalto  Eowton.  By 
Tramp.  1st  dam  by  Benningbrough ;  2d  dam  sister  to  Star  by 
Highflyer ;  3d  dam  by  Snap  ;  4th  dam  Eiddle  by  Matchem  ; 
5th  dam  by  Squirt ;  6th  dam  Lot's  dam  by  Mogul ;  7th  dam 
Camilla  by  Bay  Bolton ;  8th  dam  Old  Lady  by  PuUein's  Chest- 
nut Arabian  ;  9th  dam  by  Eockwood ;  lOtli  dam  by  Bustler. 

Nellie  James,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1867 ;  imported  by  Mr.  A.  Belmont, 
New  York.     By  Dollar.     1st  dam  Fleur  des  Champs  (Dollar 


LIST    or    IMPOETED    MAEES.  629 

by  Flnng  Dutchman,  out  of  Payment  by  Slane) ;  2d  dam  Ee 
ceipt  by  Eowton.     (See  Fleur  des  Champs.) 

Netty,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1831,  bred  by  Mr.  Moss ;  imported  into  Vir- 
ginia by  .      By  Velocipede.    1st  dam  Miss   Eose  by 

Tramp ;  2d  dam  by  Sancho  ;  3d  dam  Blacklock's  dam  by  Cori- 
ander ;  4th  dam  Wildgoose  by  Highflyer ;  5th  dam  Coheiress 
by  Pot-8-o's ;  6th  dam  Manilla  by  Goldfinder ;  7th  dam  Mr. 
Goodricke's  Old  England  mare. 

NoETHUMBEELAND  Maee,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  owned  by 

Col.  Thompson,  New  York.  By  Northumberland.  1st  dam 
by  Snap ;  2d  dam  Gipsey  by  Bay  Bolton ;  3d  dam  by  New- 
castle Turk ;  4th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk. 

Novelty,  br.  f,,  foaled  1823,  bred  by  Mr.  Watt;  imported  by  Capt. 
W.  J.  Minor,  Natchez,  Miss.,  1836.  In  foal  to  English  Saddler. 
Died  1840.  By  Blacklock.  1st  dam  Washerwoman  by  Walton ; 
2d  dam  L'Huile  de  Venus  by  Whiskey ;  3d  dam  by  Pot-S-o's ; 
4th  dam  Maid  of  all  Work  by  Highflyer;  5th  dam  sister  to 
Tandem  by  Sj^ahon ;  6th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  7th  dam  by  Snip. 

Novice,  b.  f.,  foaled  1846,  bred  by  Mr.  Hussey ;  owned,  1847,  by  Mr. 
Samuel  Fitzgerald,  New  York.  By  Cotherstone.  1st  dam  The 
Abbess  by  Eanyilles ;  2d  dam  Zeal  by  Partizan  ;  3d  dam  Zaida 
by  Sir  Peter;  4th  dam  Alexina  by  King  Fergus;  5th  dam 
Lardella  by  Young  Marske ;  6th  dam  by  Cade ;  7th  dam  Beau- 
fremont's  dam  by  brother  to  Fearnought;  8th  dam  Miss  Wind- 
ham by  Windham ;  9th  dam  by  Belgrade  Turk ;  10th  dam  by 
Makeless  ;  11th  dam  by  Brimmer. 

Nun's  Daughtee,  br.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  E.  Turner;  im- 
ported by  E,  H.  Boardman,  Huntsville,  Ala.  By  Filo-da-Puta. 
1st  dam  The  Nun  by  Blacklock;  2d  dam  by  Whisker;  3d  dam 
by  Orville ;  4th  dam  Otterington's  dam  by  Expectation ;  5th 
dam  Calabria  by  Spadille ;  Gth  dam  Grog's  dam  by  Alfred ;  7th 
dam  by  Locust ;  8th  dam  by  Changeling ;  9th  dam  by  Cade. 

Octavius  Maee,  b.  f.,  foaled  1827,  bred  by  Lord  Scarborough ;  im- 
ported into  America,  1832;  covered  by  Catton.  By  Octavius. 
1st  dam  by  Whisker ;  2d  dam  by  Orville ;  3d  dam  Ottering- 
ton's dam  by  Expectation ;  4th  dam  Calabria  by  Spadille ;  5th 
dam  Grog's  dam  by  Alfred ;  6th  dam  by  Locust ;  7th  dam  by 
Changeling;  8th  dam  by  Cade. 

Olympus  Filly,  br.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Gerard ;  im- 
joorted  by  Capt.  Langford  into  Alabama.     By  Olympus.     ]st 


630  THE    HORSE. 

dam  Sarah  by  "Wliisker ;  2d  dam  Jenny  Wren  by  Young  Wood- 
pecker ;  3d  dam  Lady  Cow  by  John  Bull ;  4th  dam  by  Drone ; 

5  th  dam  Lardella  by  Young  Marske. 

Olympus  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  R  Turner,  Esq. ;  im- 
ported by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala.  By 
Olympus.  1st  dam  Caifacaratadadera  by  Walton ;  2d  dam  by 
Pipator;  3d  dam  byDelpini;  4th  dam  Tuberose  by  Herod ; 
5th  dam  by  Starling;  6th  dam  Coughing  Polly  by  Bartlett's 
Childers. 
LYMPUS  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Mr.  Worthington ;  im- 
ported into  Charleston,  S.  C,  1839,  by  Messrs.  Elliott,  Condy 

6  Daw.  By  Olympus.  Weatherly  gives  the  foal  to  Bustard 
mare,  1837,  as  a  male,  but  presume  it  is  an  error.  1st  dam  by 
Bustard ;  2d  dam  General  Mina's  dam  by  Williamson's  ditto ; 
3d  dam  Young  Eachael  by  Volunteer;  4th  dam  Kachael  by 
Highflyer;  5th  dam  sister  to  Tandem  by  Syphon;  6th  dam  by 
Kegulus ;  7th  dam  by  Snip. 

Only  That,  br.  f ,  foaled  1830,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Gerard ;  imported  by 

.     By  Partizan.     1st   dam   Scribe   by  Woful;   2d  dam 

Scratch  by  Selim ;  3d  dam  by  Haphazard ;  4th  dam  by  Pre- 
cipitate ;  5  th  dam  Colibri  by  AYoodpecker. 

Orleaka,  b.  f,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  No  well;  imported  by 
Capt.  W.  J.  Minor,  Natchez,  Miss.  By  Bustard.  1st  dam 
Laureola  by  Orville ;  2d  dam  Laurel-leaf  by  Stamford ;  3d  dam 
sister  to  Druid  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4th  dam  Maid  of  the  Oaks  by 
Herald ;  5tli  dam  Earity  by  Matchem ;  6th  dam  Snapdragon 
by  Snap;  7th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  8th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ; 
9th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  10th  dam,  dam  of  the  two 
True  Blues. 

Orphan,  b.  f.,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Mr.  Painter;  imported  by  Mr. 
J.  L.  Lewis,  New  Orleans,  La.  In  foal  to  Dick.  By  Belzoni. 
Dam  Leviathan's  dam  by  Windle.     (See  Leviathan.) 

Oryille  Marl,  b.  f.,  foaled  1815,  bred  by  Gen.  G.  L.  Gower ;  im- 
ported by  Messrs.  Elliott,  Condy  &  Daws.  In  foal  to  English 
horse  Shrigley.  By  Orville.  1st  dam  Mirth  by  Trumpator ; 
2d  dam  Hoity  Toity  by  Highflyer;  3d  dam  by  Goldfinder;  4th 
dam  Lady  Bolingbroke  by  Squirrel ;  5th  dam  Cj'pron  the  dam 
of  King  Herod. 

Oscar  Mare,  foaled  ,  bred  by ;  imported  by  Thomas 

Norfleet,  Virginia.     By  Oscar,  before  his    importation.     1st 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MARES.  631 

dam  Melissa  by  Trumpator  ;  2d  dam  Seafowl  (sister  to  Seagull) 
by  Woodpecker ;  3d  dam  Middlesex  by  Snap ;  4tli  dam  Miss 
Cleveland  by  Eegulus;  5tli  dam  Midge  by  son  of  Bay  Bolton; 
6th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Cbilders ;  7tli  dam  by  Honeywood's 
Arabian ;  8th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Oyer  Cast,  br.  f.,  foaled  1861,  bred  by  Mr.  Farrow;  imported  into 
Xova  Scotia  1865 ;  covered  by  Diophantus.  By  Tadmor.  Dam 
by  Falstafi ;  2d  dam  sister  to  Pompey  by  Emilins ;  3d  dam  Varia- 
tion by  Bustard;  4th  dam  Johanna  Southcote  by  Beuning- 
l)rough ;  5th  dam  Lavinia  by  Pipator ;  6th  dam  by  Highflyer ; 
7th  dam  by  Cardinal  Puff;  8th  dam  by  Tatler ;  Otli  dam  by  Snip; 
10th  dam  by  Godolphin  Arabian;  11th  dam  l)y  Frampton's 
Whiteneck;  13th  dam  by  Pelhani  Barb. 

Pacolet  Mare  (called  Molly  Pacolet),  f.,  foaled  1768,  bred  by 
Duke  of  Ancaster.  Said  to  have  been  imported  into  Pennsyl- 
vania by  Mr.  Hiltzheimer,  Philadelphia.  By  Pacolet.  1st  dam 
Whiteneck  by  Crab ;  2d  dam  by  Godolphin  Arabian ;  3d  dam 
by  Conyer's  Arabian ;  4th  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  5th 
dam  by  Marshall's  Spot;  6th  dam  by  White-legged  Chestnut 
Lowther  Barb ;  7tli  dam  Vintner  mare. 

Paxola,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by ;  imported  by  Lucius 

J.  Polk,  Esq.,  Tennessee.  By  Muley.  1st  dam  by  Comus ;  2d 
dam  by  Election  ;  3d  dam  Fair  Helen  by  Hambletonian.  (See 
imported  Margrave's  pedigree.) 

Paymaster  Mare,  f,,  foaled  17 — ,  bred  by ;  imported  by  Dr. 

Norris;  owned  by  Col.  Smock.  By  Paymaster.  1st  dam  by 
Highflyer ;  2d  dam  by  Snip ;  3d  dam  Miss  Cranbourne  by  Go- 
dolphin Arabian ;  4th  dam  Miss  Western  by  Sedbury ;  5th 
dam  Mother  Western  by  Smith's  Son  of  Snake ;  6th  dam  by 
Montagu ;  7th  dam  by  Hautboy ;  8th  dam  by  Brimmer. 

Peggy,  b.  f.,  foaled  1788,  bred  by  Lord  Clermont;  imported  by 
Col.  John  Tayloe,  Virginia.  By  Trumpator.  Many  of  the 
best  racers  in  America  descended  from  this  mare.  1st  dam 
Peggy  (sister  to  Postmaster)  by  Herod;  2d  dam  by  Snap;  3d 
dam  by  Gower  Stallion ;  4th  dam  by  Cbilders. 

Penelope,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Col.  White;  imported  by 
Col.  Wade  Hampton,  South  Carolina,  1839.  By  Plenipoten- 
tiary. 1st  dam  Brazil  by  Ivanhoe  ;  2d  dam  Velvet  by  Oiseau  ; 
3d  dam  Wire  (sister  to  Webb)  by  Waxy.  (See  Eachel  and  Eid- 
dlesworih.) 


632  THE  HOESE. 

Peka  (sister  to  Galuta),  b.  f.,  foaled  1826,  bred  by  Lord  Exeter ;  im- 
ported into  Virginia  by  Dr.  A.  T.  B.  Merritt.  By  Sultan.  1st 
dam  Advance  by  Pioneer;  2d  dam  by  Buzzard  ;  3d  dam  sister 
to  Champion  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4tli  dam  Huncamunca  by  Higli- 
flyer;  5th  dam  Cypher  by  Squirrel;  6th  dam  by  Eegulus;  7th 
dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  8th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian  ; 
9th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Peect  Maeb,  br.  f.,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Mr.  G.  Clark;  sold  to  go 
to  America.  By  Percy.  1st  dam  by  Orville;  2d  dam  by 
Pipator. 

Petwoeth,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1796,  bred  by  Lord  Egremont;  imported 
to  Virginia  by  Hon.  John  Tayloe.  By  Dragon,  1st  dam 
Everlasting  by  Eclipse ;  2d  dam  Hysena  by  Snap ;  3d  dam  Miss 
Belsea  by  Eegulus;  4th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  5th  dam 
by  Honeywood's  Arabian;  6th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True 
Blues. 

Petee  Lelt  Maee  (sister  to  Fernhurst),  ch.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by 
Mr.  R  Turner ;  imported  by  E.  H.  Boardmau,  Esq.,  Huntsville, 
Ala.  By  Sir  Peter  Lely.  1st  dam  (sister  to  Sophy)  by  Comus ; 
2d  dam  by  Camillus ;  3d  dam  Helen  by  Delpini ;  4th  dam 
Rosalind  by  Phcsnomenon ;  5th  dam  Atalanta  by  Matchem; 
6th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by  Oroonoko;  7th  dam  by  Old 
Traveler ;  8th  dam  Miss  Makeless  by  Young  Greyhound ;  9th 
dam  by  Old  Partner ;  10th  dam  Miss  Doe's  dam  by  Woodcock ; 
11th  dam  by  Crofts'  Bay  Barb,  etc. 

Phantomia,  b.  f.,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  imported  by  Gov. 

Jas.  Barbour,  Virginia,  1829;  covered  by  Camel.  By  Phantom. 
1st  dam  by  Walton ;  2d  dam  Allegranti  by  Pegasus ;  3d  dam 
Orange-squeezer  by  Highflyer;  4th  dam  Mop-squeezer  by 
Matchem ;  5th  dam  Lady  by  Turner's  Sweepstakes ;  6th  dam 
Shuttle  and  Syphon's  dam  by  Patriot ;  7th  dam  by  Crab ;  8th 
dam  (sister  to  Sloven)  by  Bay  Bolton;  9th  dam  by  Curwen's 
Bay  Barb;  10th  dam  by  Spot;  11th  dam  by  White-legged 
Lowther  Barb ;  12th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Philadelphia,  b.  £,  foaled  1808,  bred  by  Mr.  Dundas;  imported  by 
Hon.  John  Randolph,  Roanoke,  Va.  By  Washington.  1st  dam 
Miss  Totteridge  by  Dungannon ;  2d  dam  Marcella  by  Mambrino ; 
3d  dam  Medea  by  Sweetbriar;  4th  dam  Angelica  by  Snap;  5th 
dam  by  Regulus  ;  6th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  7th  dam  by 
Honevwood's  Arabian :  8th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MARES.  633 

PiccOLiisrA,  b.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Sir  Gr.  Heatlicote ;  imported 
by  W.  B.  Scott,  Petersburgb,  Va.  By  Partizan.  She  died  on 
the  passage  to  America.  1st  dam  Espagnolle  by  Orville ;  2d 
dam  Barrosa  by  Vermin;  3d  dam  Nike  by  Alexander;  4th  dam 
Nimble  by  Florizel;  5th  dam  Eantipole  by  Blank;  6th  dam 
Joan  (sister  to  Careless  by  Eegulus).     (See  Alarm.) 

Pickle,  b.  £,  foaled  1831,  bred  by  Mr.  Gully;  imported  by  James 
Jackson  and  T.  Kirkman,  Esqrs.,  Alal)ama.  In  foal  to  Taurus. 
By  Emelius.  1st  dam  Mustard  by  Mcrhn ;  2d  dam  Morel  by 
Sorcerer ;  3d  dam  Hornl)y  Lass  by  Buzzard ;  4th  dam  Puzzle 
by  Matchem ;  5th  dam  Princess  by  Herod ;  6th  dam  by  Blank ; 
7th  dam  Spectator's  dam  by  Partner ;  8th  dam  Bonny  Lass  by 
Bay  Bolton;  9th  dam  by  Darley  Arabian;  10th  dam  by  Byerly 
Turk;  11th  dam  by  Taflfolet  Barb;  12th  dam  by  Place's  White 
Turk ;  13tli  dam  Natural  Barb  mare. 

Pirouette,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1829,  bred  by  Sir  T.  Mostyn ;  imported  by 
Mr.  F.  P.  Corbin,  Virginia.  By  Teniers.  She  ran  in  United 
States.  1st  dam  Mercandotte  by  Muley ;  2d  dam  Petworth  by 
Precipitate ;  3d  dam  by  Woodpecker ;  4th  dam  (sister  to  Juni- 
per) by  Snap ;  5th  dam  Young  Marske's  dam  by  Blank ;  6th 
dam  Bay  Starling  by  Bolton  Starling ;  7th  dam  Miss  ]\Ieynell 
by  Partner;  8th  dam  by  Greyhound;  9th  dam  by  Curwen's 
Bay  Barb. 

Placentia,  b.  f.,  foaled  1813,  bred  by  Gen.  Grosyenor;  imported 
from  Gibraltar;  owned  by  Charles  H.  Hall,  New  York.  By 
Dick  Andrews.  Died  1821.  1st  dam  Azalia  by  Benning- 
brough ;  2d  dam  Gilliflower  by  Highflyer ;  3d  dam  by  Gold- 
finder;  4tli  dam  (sister  to  Grasshopper)  byMarske;  5th  dam 
by  Cullen  Arabian;  6th  dam  Blackeyes  by  Eegulus;  7th  dam 
Eouth's  Blackeyes  by  Crab;  8th  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by 
Snake. 

Pledge,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1826,  bred  by ,  at  Farnsfield ;  imported 

by  L.  J.  Polk,  Tennessee.  Covered  by  the  Colonel.  By  Filho- 
da-Puta.  1st  dam  by  Comus ;  2d  dam  (sister  to  Zodiac)  by  St. 
George ;  3d  dam  Abigail  by  Woodpecker ;  4th  dam  Firetail  by 
Eclipse;  5th  dam  by  Blank;  6th  dam  by  Cade;  7th  dam 
Spectator's  dam  by  Partner;  8tli  dam  Bonuy  Lass  by  Bay 
Bolton,  etc.     (See  Plenty.) 

Plenty,  b.  f.,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Mr.  Thornhill;  imported  by  E. 
IL  Boardman,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala.     In  foal  to  English  St. 


634 


THE    HOESE. 


Patrick.  By  Emeliiis.  1st  dam  Mangel  Wurzel  by  Merlin; 
2d  dam  Morel  by  Sorcerer ;  3d  dam  Hornby  Lass  by  Buzzard ; 
4tli  dam  Puzzle  by  Matchem;  5tli  dam  Princess  by  Herod; 
6tli  dam  Julia  by  Blank ;  7tli  dam  Spectator's  dam  by  Partner ; 
8tli  dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Bay  Bolton ;  9tli  dam  by  Darley's 
Arabian;  10th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk;  lltli  dam  by  TafFolet 
Barb;  12tli  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  13tli  dam  Natural 
Barb  mare. 

PoLEKTA,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1869,  by  Maccaroni,  bred  by  Mrs.  Wilkinson ; 
imported  by  A.  Belmont,  Esq.,  in  1870.  1st  dam  (sister  to 
Donna  del  Lago)  by  Lord  of  the  Isles;  2d  dam  Shot  by  Bird- 
catcher  ;  3d  dam  Wasp  by  Muley  Moloch ;  4th  dam  by  Emilius ; 
5th  dam  Bee  in  a  Bonnet  by  BJacklock ;  6tli  dam  Maniac  by 
Shuttle;  7th  dam  Anticipation  by  Bessingbrough ;  8th  dam 
Expectation  by  Herod ;  9tli  dam  by  Skim ;  10th  dam  by 
Janus;  11th  dam  Spinster  by  Crab;  12th  dam  Spinster  (the 
Widdrington  mare)  by  Partner;  13tli  dam  (sister  to  Squin-el's 
dam)  by  Bloody  Buttocks ;  14th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  15th  dam 
by  Makeless;  16th  dam  by  Brimmer;  17th  dam  by  Place's 
White  Turk ;  18th  dam  by  Dodworth ;  19th  dam  Layton  Barb 
mare. 

Polly  Hopkins,  American  bred,  was  sent  to  England  and  bred 
there.  She,  with  her  produce,  the  property  of  Com.  E.  F. 
Stockton,  New  Jersey,  were  brought  back  to  United  States. 
By  Virginian.  1st  dam  by  imported  Archduke;  2d  dam  by 
imported  Stirling ;  3d  dam  by  imported  Obscurity ;  4th  dam 
Old  Slamerkin  by  imported  Wildair ;  5th  dam  De  Lancy's  im- 
ported Cub  mare  by  Cub  (which  see). 

Polly  Moss,  b.  t,  foaled  1835,  bred  by ;  imported  by  E. 

D.  &  Henry  Shepherd,  Shepherdstown,  Va.,  1837.  By  St. 
Nicholas.  1st  dam  by  Tramp;  2d  dam  by  Sancho;  3d  dam 
Blacklock's  dam  by  Coriander;  4th  dam  by  Highflyer.  (Sec 
Sally  of  the  Valley.) 

Pomona,  b.  f.,  foaled  about  1803 ;  imported  by  Wm.  Haxal],  Esq., 
Petersburgh,  Va.  By  Worthy  (brother  to  Waxy).  1st  dam 
Comedy  by  Buzzard ;  2d  dam  Huncamunca  by  Highflyer ;  3d 
dam  Cypher  by  Squirrel ;  4th  dam  Fribbles'  dam  by  Eegulus ; 
5th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers,  etc.,  etc. 

Pomona,  b.  f.,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Lord  FitzwilHam ;  sold  to  Col. 
Singleton,  of  South   Carolina,  1833.     By  Chateau   Margaus. 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MARES. 


635 


Isfc  dam  Marianne  by  Sorcerer;  2d  dam  Thomasina  by  Timothy; 
3d  dam  Violet  by  Shark;  4th  dam  by  Syphon;  5th  dam  Char- 
lotte by  Blank;  6th  dam  by  Crab;  7tli  dam  by  Dyer's  Dimple; 
8th  dam  by  Why-not ;  9th  dam  Koyal  mare. 

PoppiNJAY  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1808,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Shelly ;  imported 
by  Hon.  John  Eandolph,  Koanoke,  Ya.  By  Popinjay.  1st  dam 
by  Precipitate;  2d  dam  Fizzle's  dam  by  Highflyer;  3d  dam 
TifiUny  by  Eclipse ;  4tli  dam  Laburnam's  dam  Young  Hag  by 
Skim ;  5th  dam  Hag  ])y  Crab ;  Ctli  dam  El^ony  by  Childers,  etc. 

Possession",  b.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  and  imported  by  E.  H.  Boardmau, 
Esq.,  into  Alabama.  By  Bay  Malton.  1st  dam  Polly  Oliver  by 
Sir  Oliver;  2d  dam  by  Hambletonian;  3d  dam  Constantia  by 
Sir  Peter ;  4th  dam  by  Mungo ;  5th  dam  by  Latham's  Snap ; 
Gth  dam  Sappho  by  Eegulus ;  7th  dam  Lodge's  Roan  mare  by 
Partner,  etc. 

PoTESTAS,  f.,  foaled  1843,  bred  by  Mr.  Batson ;  imported  into  E"evf 
York,  1861,  covered  by  a  half-bred  horse.  By  Plenipotentiary. 
1st  dam  Acacia  by  Phantom ;  2d  dam  Augusta  by  Woful ;  3d 
dam  by  Eubens;  4th  dam  Guildford  Nan  by  Guildford;  5th 
dam  by  Justice;  6tli  dam  Parsley  by  Pot-8-o's;  7th  dam  Lady 
Bolingbroke  by  Squirrel ;  8th  dam  Herod's  dam  by  Blaze ;  9th 
dam  Selima  by  Bethel's  Arabian  ;  10th  dam  by  Graham's 
Champion ;  11th  dam  by  Darley's  Arabian ;  12tli  dam  by  Merlin. 

PoT-8-o's  Mare  (Constable's),  ch.  f.,  foaled  1792,  bred  by  Lord 
Grosvenor ;  imported  by  William  Constable,  of  New  York.  By 
Pot-8-o's.  1st  dam.  by  Gimcrack;  2d  dam  Snap  Dragon  by 
Snap;  3d  dam  by  Eegulus;  4th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers; 
5th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  6th  dam,  dam  of  the  tv/o 
True  Blues. 

PoT-8-o's  Mare  (Bell's),  foaled  1802,  bred  by ;  imported  into 

Virginia  about  1811 ;  owned  by  Mr.  Collen,  Tarborough,  North 
Carolina.  By  Pot-8-o's.  1st  dam  by  Pegasus;  2d  dam  by 
Highflyer ;  3d  dam  Smalll^ones  by  Justice ;  4th  dam  by  Panglos ; 
5th  dam  Eiddle  by  the  Wolesley  Barb ;  6th  dam  Lady  Augusta 
by  Spot;  7th  dam  by  Crab;  8th  dam  (sister  to  Partuer)  by 
Jigg ;  9th  dam  (sister  to  Mixbury). 

Precipitate  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1802,  bred  by  Mr.  Watt ;  imported 
by  Mr.  Parkinson,  Virginia.  By  Precipitate.  1st  dam  by  High- 
flyer;  2d  dam  by  Goldfinder;   3d  dam  Lady  Bolingbroke  by 


C36  THE  HOESE. 

Squirrel ;  4th  dam  (Herod's  dam)  by  Blaze ;  5th  dam  SeHma 
by  Bethel's  Arabian ;  Gth  dam  by  Graham's  Champion ;  7tli 
dam  by  Darley's  Arabian ;  8th  dam  by  Merlin. 

Pkiam  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  His  Majesty ;  imported  by 
Col.  Wade  Hampton,  of  South  Carolina.  By  Priam  (before  his 
importation).  1st  dam  (sister  to  Spermaceti)  by  Whalebone ; 
2d  dam  (sister  to  Wanderer)  by  Gohanna;  3d  dam  Catherine 
by  Woodpecker ;  4th  dam  Camilla  by  Trentham ;  5th  dam 
Coquette  by  Compton  Barb. 

Priam  Mare,  or  Betsey  Eansom  2d  (which  see),  ch.  f.,  foaled  1836, 
bred  in  England,  and  imported  by  K.  L.  Stevens,  Esq.,  K^ew 
York.  By  Priam  (before  his  importation).  Dam  Betsey  Ran- 
som by  Virginian ;  bred  in  United  States,  but  sent  to  England 
to  be  bred. 

Prima,  b.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Lord  Chesterfield;  imported  into 
South  Carolina,  in  ship  China,  1848,  in  foal  to  English  Dis- 
count. By  imported  Priam.  1st  dam  Dahlia  by  Phantom; 
2d  dam  by  Waxy ;  3d  dam  Moses'  dam  by  Gohanna ;  4tli  dam 
Grey  Skim  by  Woodpecker;  5th  dam  Silver's  dam  by  Herod; 
Gth  dam  Young  Hag  by  Skira. 

Primula,  f.,  foaled  1827,  bred  by  Mr.  Humble;  imported  by  W. 
H.  &  Dr.  A.  T.  B.  Merritt,  Virginia.  By  Cervantes.  1st  dam 
Cowslijo  by  Cockfighter;  2d  dam  Brown  Javelin  by  Javelin; 
3d  dam  Young  Maiden  by  Highflyer;  4tli  dam  Maiden  by 
Matchem;  5th  dam  by  Squirt;  Gth  dam  (Lot's  dam)  by 
Mogul;  7th  dam  Camilla  by  Bay  Bolton;  8th  dam  Old  Lady 
by  Pullein's  Chestnut  Arabian;  Gth  dam  by  Rockv/ood;  10th 
dam  by  Bustler. 

Primrose,  f ,  foaled  and  imported,  before  the  Revolution,  into  Vir- 
ginia. By  Wyville  Belgrade  Turk.  Enghsh  Racing  Calendar, 
174G.  1st  dam  by  Lord  D'Arcy's  Woodcock;  2d  dam  by  a 
Barb  horse  out  of  Barb  mare. 

Primrose,  f.,  foaled  1821,  bred  by  Mr.  Humble ;  imported  by  Lucius 
J.  Polk,  Tennessee ;  covered  by  English  Glaucus.  By  Comus. 
1st  dam  Cowslip  by  Cockfighter;  2d  dam  Brown  Javelin  by 
Javelin ;  3d  dam  Young  Maiden  by  Highflyer ;  4th  dam  Maiden 
by  Matchem ;  5th  dam  Mr.  Pratt's  celebrated  mare  by  Squirt ; 
Gth  dam  (Lot's  dam)  by  Mogul ;  7th  dam  Camilla  by  Bay  Bolton ; 
8th  dam  Old  Lady  by  Pullein's  Chestnut  Arabian ;  9th  dam  by 
Rockwood ;  10th  dam  by  Bustler. 


LIST   OF   IMPORTED   MAEES. 


637 


Peomise,  f.,  foaled  1803,  bred  by  Mr.  Goodisson ;  imported  by  Wm. 
Haxall,  Esq.,  Petersburgb,  Va.  lu  foal  to  English  Waxy.  By 
Buzzard.  1st  dam  by  Precipitate;  2d  dam  Lady  Harriet  by 
Mark  Antbony ;  3d  dam  Georgiana  by  Matchem ;  4tb  dam  by 
Snap ;  5tb  dam  by  CuUen  Arabian ;  Cth  dam  Grisewood's  Lady 
Thigli  by  Partner;  7th  dam  by  Greyhound;  8th  dam  Sopho- 
nisba's  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  9th  dam  by  Lord  D'Arcy's 
Chestnut  Arabian ;  10th  dam  by  Whiteshirt ;  11th  dam  Old 
Montagu  mare. 

Peukella,  ch.  f,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  His  Majesty  William  IV; 
imported  by  Com.  E.  F.  Stockton,  New  Jersey.  By  Comus. 
1st  dam  by  Partizan ;  2d  dam  Pawn  by  Trumpator ;  3d  dam 
Prunella  by  Highflyer;  4tb  dam  Promise  by  Snap;  5th  dam 
Julia  by  Blank ;  6th  dam  Spectator's  dam  by  Partner,  etc. 

Psyche,  gr.  f.,  foaled  1802,  bred  by  Lord  Derby ;  imported  by  Gen. 
McPherson,  South  Carolina.  By  Sir  Peter.  1st  dam  Bab  by 
Bourdeaux ;  2d  dam  Sperauza  by  Eclipse  (sister  to  Saltram, 
which  see). 

PuxcHiKELLA,  f.,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  imported  into  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia,  1808.  By  Punch.  IsTotbing  is  known  of 
this  mare;  her  pedigree  cannot  be  found  in  Weatherby. — 
S.  D.  B.  1st  dam  by  Craig's  Highflyer ;  2d  dam  by  Galloway's 
Sclim. 

Pussy,  b.  f,  foaled  18G4,  bred  by  Mr.  Goodchild;  imported  and 
owned  by  E.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  Clifton  Stud  Farm,  Staten 
Island,  N.  Y.  By  Diophantus.  1st  dam  Agajoemone  (sister  to 
Aphrodite)  by  Bay  Middleton;  2d  dam  Venus  by  Sir  Hercules; 
3d  dam  Echo  byEmelius;  4th  dam  by  Scud  or  Pioneer;  5th 
dam  Canary  Bird  by  Whiskey  or  Sorcerer ;  Cth  dam  Canary 
by  Coriander;  7th  dam  Miss  Greeu  by  Highflyer;  8th  dam 
Harriet  by  Matchem ;  9th  dam  Flora  by  Eegulus ;  lOtli  dam 
by  Bartlett's  Childers;  11th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton;  12th  dam  by 
Belgrade  Turk.     Stinted  to  Skirmisher. 

QuEEJf  Ai^N,  bl.  f.,  foaled  1840,  bred  by .     She  was  owned 

and  run  in  the  United  States  by  J.  Chamliers,  of  Louisiana. 
By  Camel.  Dam  by  Langar.  Produce  and  balance  of  joedigree 
unknown  to  author. — S.  D.  B. 

QuEEiS'  Mab,  f.,  foaled  and  imported  prior  to  the  Eevolution  by 
Gov.  Ogle.  By  Musgrove's  Grey  Arabian.  1st  dam  by  Hamp- 
ton Court  Cbiklers;  2d  dam  by  Gov.  Harrison's  Arabian;  3d 


C38  THE   nOESE. 

dam  l)y  Chestnut  AraLiau ;  4th  dam  by  Leedes ;  5th  dam  by 
Barb  maro  Shtzey. 

Queen,  The,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  His  Majesty  Wilham  IV ; 
imported  by  Col.  Wade  Hampton,  of  South  Carolina.  By 
Priam,  before  his  importation.  Dam  Delphine  (imported)  by 
Whisker.  (See  Delphine.)  She  was  trained  and  ran  with  suc- 
cess in  the  United  States. 

Eabecca,  b.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  C.  Day;  imported  by  John 
C.  Beasley,  Esq.,  of  Tennessee.  By  Godolphin.  1st  dam 
Jewess  by  Moses ;  2d  dam  Calendulae  by  Camerton ;  3d  dam 
Snowdrop  by  Highland  Fling;  4th  dam  Daisy  by  Buzzard ;  5th 
dam  Tulip  by  Damper ;  6th  dam  by  Eclipse  ;  7th  dam  Earity 
by  Matchem;  8th  dam  Snapdragon  by  Snap;  9th  dam  by 
Eegulus;  10th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  11th  dam  by  Honey- 
wood's  Arabian ;  12tli  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Eachel,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1829,  bred  by  Lord  Jersey;  imported  by  E.  H. 
Boardman,  Huntsville,  Ala.  By  Partizan.  1st  dam  Filagree 
by  Soothsayer;  2d  dam  Web  (sister  to  Whisker)  by  W^axy; 
3d  dam  Penelope  by  Trumpator.     (See  Eiddleswortli.) 

Eadish,  b.  f.,  foaled  1787,  bred  by  Lord  Grosvenor ;  imported  into 

United  States  by .     By  Pot-8-o's.    1st  dam  Earity  by 

Matchem;  2d  dam  Snapdragon  by  Snap;  3d  dam  by  Eegulus; 
4th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  5tli  dam  by  Honeywood's  Ara- 
bian ;  6th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

EAVEiir's  WiN-G,  br.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  Johnson ;  imported 
into  New  Orleans,  1838.  Sold  there  to  James  Porter,  Esq. 
By  Olympus.  1st  dam  Proserpine  by  Ehodamanthus ;  2d  dam 
by  Sir  Peter ;  3d  dam  Eaton  Lass  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4th  dam  by 
Highflyer ;  5th  dam  by  Snap ;  6th  dam  Chalkstone's  dam  by 
Shepherd's  Crab;  7th  dam  Miss  Meredith  by  Cade ;  8th  dam 
Little  Hartley  mare  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  9th  dam  the  dam 
of  Large  Hartley  marc  Flying  Whig. 

Eecovery  Mare,  f.,  foaled  1838,  bred  l^y  ;   imported  by 

E.  D.  Shepherd,  Virginia.  By  Eecovery.  Dam  Sally  of  the 
Valley  by  Tramp.     (See  Sally  of  the  Valley.) 

Eef[JGEE,  br.  f.,  foaled  1827,  bred  by  Duke  of  Eichmond ;  imported 
l)y  Messrs.  Jackson  &  Kirkman,  Alabama.  By  Wanderer.  1st 
dam  l)y  Orville  ;  2d  dam,  dam  of  Selim  Ijy  Alexander.  (See  im- 
ported Sessions.) 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MARES.  639 

Revenue  Mare,  bl.  f.,  foaled  183G,  bred  by  Mr.  L.  Haseltino ;  im- 
ported into  IsQvr  Orleans,  1838.  Covered  l^y  TV'arlabj  Baylock; 
sold  to  Hon,  A.  Barrow,  of  Louisiana.  By  Revenue.  1st  dam 
Eliza  by  Filho-da-Puta ;  3d  dam  by  Vermin ;  3d  dam  Ijy  Ben- 
ningbrougli;  4th  dam  Eustatia  by  Highflyer;  5tli  dam  Wren 
by  Woodpecker ;  6tli  dam  Sir  Peter's  dam  by  Snap ;  7th  dam 
Miss  Cleveland  by  Eegulus;  Stli  dam  Midge  by  son  of  Bay 
Bolton,  etc. 

Ringlet,  b.  £,  foaled  1853,  bred  by  Lord  Uxbridge ;  imported  by 
A.  J.  Davie,  North  Carolina,  1837.  Covered  by  English  Glau- 
cus.  By  The  Colonel.  1st  dam  Adeline  by  Soothsayer;  2d 
dam  Elizabeth  by  Orvillo ;  3d  dam  Penny  trumpet  l)y  Trum- 
pator  ;  4th  dam  Young  Camilla  by  Woodpecker ;  5th  dam 
Camilla  by  Trentham ;  Gtli  dam  Coquette  by  Compton  Barb ; 
7th  dam  sister  to  Regulus  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian. 

Rock  Make,  ch.  £,  foaled    1755,  bred  by  ;    imported  and 

sold  in  Maryland,  17G2,  in  ship  Christian.  By  Old  Rock.  1st 
dam  by  Snake;  2d  dam,  dam  of  Slider  by  Partner;  3d  dam  by 
Crofts'  Egyptian ;  4tli  dam  Grey  Woodcock. 

Rock  Mare,  own  sister  to  above,  foaled  1757;  imported  and  sold 
in  Maryland,  17G2.  These  mares  by  Old  Rock  cannot  be  found 
in  English  Stud  Book. 

RoDORA,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  ]jy  Lord  Derby ;  imported  into 
United  States  by .  By  imported  Felt.  1st  dam  Rose- 
leaf  by  Whisker ;  2d  dam  Rosalba  by  Milo ;  3d  dam  sister  to 
Rubens  l^y  Buzzard;  4th  dam  by  Alexander;  5th  dam  by 
Highflyer ;  Gth  dam  by  Alfred ;  7th  dam  by  Engineer ;  8th 
dam  Bay  Malton's  dam  by  Cade ;  9th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by 
Old  Traveler. 

Rosalind,  b.  £,  foaled  1825,  bred  by  Mr.  Yates;  imported  by 
Messrs.  Ogden  &  Corl^in,  Virginia.  By  Paulowitz.  1st  dam 
Isidora  by  Blucher ;  2d  dam  Zora  by  Selim ;  3d  dam  Zoraida 
by  Don  Quixote ;  4th  dam  Lady  Cow  by  John  Bull ;  5th  dam 
by  Drone ;  Gth  dam  Lardella  by  Young  Marske. 

Rosalind,  b.  f.,  foaled  1859,  by  Barnton ;  bred  by  Her  Majesty  at 
Hampton  Court;  imported,  18G0,  by  Messrs.  Dudley  &  Bruce, 
agents  of  the  Kentucky  Importing  Company;  the  jiroperty 
of  Major  T.  G.  Bacon,  South  Carolina.  1st  dam  sister  to  Bay 
Rosalind  by  Orlando ;  2d  dam  Eloj)ement  by  Velocipede ;  3d 
dam   Scandal  by  Selim ;   4th   dam  by  Haj)hazard ;   5th    dam 


640 


THE    HORSE. 


by  Precipitate;  Gth  dam  Colibri  by  "Woodpecker;  7th  dam 
Camilla  by  Trentham;  8tli  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton 
Barb;  9th  dam  sister  to  Ecgulus  by  Godolphin  Arabian;  10th 
dam  Grey  Eobinson  by  the  Bald  Galloway;  11th  dam  Snake  by 
Old  Wilkes ;  12th  dam  .by  Old  Hautboy ;  13th  dam  by  Miss 
D'Arcy's  Pet  mare  ;  14th  dam  Sedbury  Eoyal  mare. 

EosiKA,  £,  foaled  1781,  bred  by  Mr.  Peirsc;  imported  into  United 
States  about  1799,  by .  By  Amaranthus.  1st  dam  Tube- 
rose by  Herod;  2d  dam  Grey  Starling  by  Starling;  3d  dam 
Coughing  Polly  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  4tli  dam  sister  to 
Thunderbolt  by  Counsellor;  5th  dam  by  Snake ;  Cth  dam  by 
Luggs ;  7th  dam  by  Davill's  Old  Woodcock. 

EuLEE  Mare,  b.  f.,  imported  and  owned  by  Col.  John  Tayloe,  Vir- 
ginia. She  cannot  be  identified  in  Weatherby's  English  Stud 
Book.     By  Euler.     1st  dam  by  Turk ;  2d  dam  by  Snake. 

Sacrifice,  f.,  foaled  1855,  bred  by ;  imported  and  owned  by 

K.  W.  Sears,  Esq.,  of  Boston,  Mass.  By  Melbourne.  1st  dam 
Sacriiice  by  Voltaire ;  2d  dam  Virginia  by  Eowton ;  od  dam 
Pucellae  by  Muley ;  4tli  dam  Medora  by  Selim ;  5tli  dam  by  Sir 
Harry;  6th  dam  by  Volunteer;  7th  dam  by  Herod ;  8th  dam 
Golden  Grove  by  Blank;  9th  dam  Spinster  by  Partner;  10th 
dam  by  Bloody  Buttocks;  lltli  dam  by  Greyhound;  12tli  dam 
by  Makeless;  13tli  dam  by  Brimmer;  14th  dam  by  Place's 
White  Turk;  15th  dam  by  Dodsworth ;  16th  dam  Lay  ton 
Barb  mare. 

Sally  of  the  Valley,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1825,  bred  by ;  imported 

by  E.  D.  Shepherd,  Esq.,  Virginia.  By  Tramp.  1st  dam  by 
Sancho ;  2d  dam  Blacklock's  darn  by  Coriander ;  3d  dam  Wild- 
goose  by  Highflyer  ;  4th  dam  Coheiress  by  Pot-8-o's;  5tli  dam 
Manilla  by  Goldfinder ;  6  th  dam  Mr.  Goodricke's  Old  England 
mare  by  Old  England. 

Salorta,  b.  f,  foaled  1859,  by  Vindex;  bred  by  Capt.  J.  H.  Shep- 
worth,  Brig  Lincolnshire;  imported  1860,  by  Messrs.  Dudley  & 
Bruce,  agents  Kentucky  Importing  Company;  property  of  Z. 
Ward,  Versailles,  Ky.  1st  dam  Sontag  (]S[unco's  dam)  by  The 
Nob ;  2d  dam  Harmony  (Eosalind's  dam)  by  Eeveller  ;  3d  dam 
by  Seymour ;  4th  dam  Gramerie's  dam  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ; 
5tli  dam  Deceit  by  Tandem ;  Gth  dam  Perdita  by  Herod ;  7th 
dam  Fair  Forester  by  Sloe ;  8tli  dam  by  Forester ;  9th  dam  by 
Partner;  lOtli  dam  by  Croft's  Bay  Barb;  11th  dam  by  Make- 


LIST   OF   IMPORTED   MAEES.  641 

less;  12tli  dam  by  Brimmer ;  13th  dam  by  a  son  of  Dodsworth ; 
14th  dam  Burton  Barij  marc. 

SAMPSO]sr  Mare,  foaled ,  bred  by  Lord  Eockingham ;  imported 

by .    By  Sampson.     1st  dam  Plover  by  the  Godolphin 

colt ;  2d  dam  Fly  by  Crofts'  Partner ;  3d  dam  by  Greyhound ; 
4th  dam  (Sophonisba's  dam)  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb  ;  5th  dam 
by  D'Arcy's  Chestnut  Arabian ;  6th  dam  by  Whiteshirt ;  7th 
dam  Old  Montagu  mare. 

Sandbeck  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  Poyntz ;  imported 
by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Huntsville,  Ala.  By  Sandbeck.  1st  dam 
Ursula  by  Cervantes ;  2d  dam  Fanny  by  Sir  Peter ;  3d  dam  by 
Diomed ;  4th  dam  Desdemona  by  Marske ;  5th  dam  Young 
Hag  by  Skim;  6th  dam  Hag  by  Crab;  7th  dam  Ebony  by 
Childcrs. 

Sarah,  b.  f.,  foaled  1,834,  bred  by  Gen.  Grosvenor ;  imported  into 
South  Carolina  by  Mr.  Fryer.  Covered  by  English  Dr.  Syntax. 
By  Sarpedon  (before  his  importation).  Mare  sold  to  Mr.  Sutton, 
of  Charleston,  with  colt  by  English  Dr.  Syntax.  1st  dam 
Frolicksome  by  Frolic;  2d  dam  by  Stamford;  3d  dam  Alexina 
by  King  Fergus ;  4th  dam  Lardella  by  Young  Marske ;  5th  dam 
by  Cade;  6th  dam  Beaufremont's  dam  by  brother  to  Fear- 
nought ;  7th  dam  Miss  Windham  by  Windham ;  8th  dam  by 
Belgrade  Turk;  9tli  dam  Old  Scarborough  mare  by  Makeless; 
10th  dam  by  Brimmer. 

Scarificator,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Lord  Exeter;  imported 
into  Alabama;  owned  by  A.  M.  Jewell,  Esq.  By  Sultan.  1st 
dam  Marinella  by  Soothsayer ;  2d  dam  Bess  by  Waxy ;  3d  dam 
Vixen  by  Pot-8-o's;  4th  dam  Cypher  by  Squirrel;  5tli  dam 
Snapdragon's  dam  by  Eegulus  ;  6th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ; 
7th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  8th  dam,  dam  of  the  two 
True  Blues. 

ScHFMLA,  br.  f.,  foaled  1827,  bred  by  Lord  Exeter;  imported  Into 
Alabama ;  owned  by  Jas.  Kirkman,  Esq.,  Alabama.  By  Sultan. 
1st  dam  Bess  by  Waxy;  2d  dam  Vixen  byPot-8-o's;  3d  dam 
Cypher  by  Squirrel ;  4th  dam  by  Eegulus  ;  5th  dam  by  Bartlett's 
Childers ;  6th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  7tli  dam  the  dam 
of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Selima  (Tasker's),  f.,  foaled  1746,  bred  by  Lord  Craven;  imported 
by  Col.  Tasker,  of  Maryland ;  own  sister  to  Babraham.     By  the 
Godolphin  Arabian.     1st  dam  Large  Hartley  mare  by  his  BHnd 
Vol.  I.— 41 


642 


THE    HOESE. 


horse ;  2d  dam  Flying  Whig  by  "Wilham's  Woodstock  Arabian ; 
3d  dam  by  St.  Victor  Barb ;  4:th  dam  by  Why-not  (son  of  Fen- 
wick  Barb). 

Sessions,  br.  £,  foaled  1826,  bred  by  Lord  Egremont;  imported  into 
the  United  States  by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala., 
1835,  Stinted  to  Nimrod.  By  Wanderer,  1st  dam  by  Orville ; 
2d  dam  the  dam  of  Selim  and  Rubens  by  Alexander ;  3d  dam 
by  Highflyer ;  4th  dam  by  Alfred ;  5tli  dam  by  Engineer ;  6th 
dam  Bay  Mai  ton's  dam  by  Cade ;  7th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by 
Old  Traveler. 

Shakespeare  Make,  b.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Mr.  C.  A.  Pelham. 
Sent  to  America.  By  Shakespeare.  1st  dam  Eosebud  by  Little 
John;  2d  dam  by  Whalebone;  3d  dam  Eansom  by  Sir  Peter; 
4th  dam  Shift  by  Sweetbriar;  5th  dam  Black  Susan  by  Snap; 
6th  dam  Lord  Bruce's  Cade  mare  l^y  Cade ;  7th  dam  by  Bel- 
grade; 8th  dam  by  Clifton  Arabian;  9th  dam  by  Tifter. 

Shepherdess,  b.  f ,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  White ;  imported  by 
A.  D.  Shepherd,  Esq.,  and  sold  to  Rouzan  and  Duplantier, 
Louisiana.  By  Young  Blacklock.  1st  dam  Sjoermaceti  by 
Shgo  Waxy;  2d  dam  Miss  Cogden  by  Phronomeuon ;  3d  dam 
by  Young  Marske ;  4th  dam  by  Silvio ;  5tli  dam  Daphne  by 
Eegulus,  etc.,  etc. 

Silver,  f.,  foaled  ,  bred  by ;  imported  by  Wm.  Surry, 

Esq.,  into  Virginia,  before  the  Eevolution.  By  The  Belsize 
Arabian.  This  mare  cannot  be  found  in  the  English  Stud 
Book,  but  pedigree  is  doubtless  correct.  1st  dam  by  Crofts' 
Partner;  2d  dam  (sister  to  Eoxana)  by  Bald  Galloway;  3d  dam 
(sister  to  Chaunter)  by  the  Ankaster  Turk ;  4tli  dam  by  Leedes' 
Arabian ;  5th  dam  by  Spanker. 

Silver  Star,  b.  f.,  foaled  1859,  by  Kingston;  imported  by  the 
Kentucky  Importing  Company  in  1860;  owned  by  John  R. 
Viley,  Esq.,  Lexington,  Ky.  1st  dam  Altitude  by  Cotherstone; 
2d  dam  Latitude  (sister  to  Ellis)  by  Langar;  3d  dam  Olympia 
by  Sir  OHver;  4th  dam  Scotilla  by  Anvil;  5th  dam  Scota  by 
Eclipse;  6th  dam  Harmony  by  Herod;  7th  dam  Eutilia  by 
Blank  (sister  to  Highflyei-'s  dam) ;  8tli  dam  by  Eegulus ;  9th 
dam  by  Soreheels;  lOtli  dam  by  Makeless;  11th  dam  Christo- 
pher D'Arcy's  Eoyal  mare. 

SiSKix,  b.  t,  foaled  1863,  bred  by  Mr.  Greville;  imported  into  Canada 
1868.    Covered  by  Donnybrook,  by  Muscovite  dam  Little  Finch 


LIST  OF  IMPORTED   MARES. 


643 


by  Hornsea;  2d  clam  Hinda  by  Sultan;  3d  dam  Katlierina 
(Rowton's  dam)  by  Woful;  4th  dam  Landscape  by  Eubens. 
(See  Eowton.) 

Slane  Mare,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1859,  by  Slane;  bred  by  the  Rawcliffe 
Stud  Company ;  imported  in  18G0,  by  Messrs.  Dudley  &  Bruce, 
agents  of  the  Kentucky  Importing  Company.  Lately  the 
property  of  D.  F,  Kcnner,  Louisiana.  1st  dam  Varsoviana 
(ISTemesis'  dam)  by  Ion ;  2d  dam  by  Langar ;  3d  dam  sister  to 
Cobweb  by  Phantom;  4tli  dam  Filagree  by  Soothsayer;  5th 
dam  Web  by  Waxy ;  6tli  dam  Penelope  by  Trumpator ;  7th  dam 
Prunella  by  Highflyer ;  8th  dam  Promise  by  Snap ;  9th  dam 
Julia  by  Blank;  10th  dam  by  Partner  (dam  of  Spectator); 
11th  dam  Bonny  Lass  by  Bay  Bolton;  12th  dam  by  Barley's 
Arabian;  13th  dam  by  Byerly  Turk;  14th  dam  by  Tatiolet 
Barb ;  15th  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk ;  16th  dam  a  Natural 
Barb  mare. 

Sleight-of-Hand  Mare,  gr.  £,  foaled  1850,  bred  by  Sir  Tatton 
Sykes.  Sold  to  America  after  season  1857.  By  Sleight-of- 
Hand.  1st  dam  Wicket  by  Stumps  ;  2d  dam  by  Phantom  ;  3d 
dam  sister  to  Consul  by  Camillus ;  4th  dam  by  Shuttle ;  5th  dam 
Eliza  by  Highflyer ;  6th  dam  Augusta  by  Eclipse ;  7th  dam  by 
Herod ;  8th  dam  by  Bejazet ;  9th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  10th  dam 
by  Lonsdale  Arabian;  lltli  dam  by  Bay  Bolton;  12th  dam  by 
Barley's  Arabian.     (See  Lady  Sykes,  which  is  same  mare.) 

SxAP  Mare,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  imported  by  AYm.  Drew, 

Esq.,  Virginia.  By  Snap.  1st  dam  by  Crofts' Partner;  2d  dam 
by  Bloody  Buttocks. 

Snap  Mare,  f.,  foaled ,  bred  by ;  imported,  it  is  said, 

by  Mr.  Hartford.  Cannot  find  her  in  Englisli  Stud  Book. 
By  Young  Snap.  1st  dam  by  Lightfoot  (son  of  Cade); 
2d  dam  by  Eegulus ;  3d  dam  by  Old  Cade ;  4th  dam  by  Crofts* 
Partner. 

Spatula,  b.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Lord  Exeter;  imported  into 
Alabama;  raced  by  D.  Stephenson,  Alabama.  By  Eeveller. 
1st  dam  Galata  by  Sultan;  2d  dam  Advance  by  Pioneer;  3d 
dam  by  Buzzard ;  4th  dam  sister  to  Champion  by  Pot-8-o's; 
5th  dam  Huncamunca  by  Highflyer;  6th  dam  Cypher  by 
Squirrel ;  7th  dam  by  Eegulus ;  8th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ; 
9th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  10th  dam,  dam  of  the  two 
True  Blues. 


^^^  THE    HORSE. 

Spiletta,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1856,  bred  by  Mr.  H.  Eobiuson ;  impoi-ted  by 
A.  Keene  Richards,  Esq.,  Scott  county,  Ky.,  1858.  By  Stock- 
well.  Spiletta  is  now  (1870)  owned  by  A.  Belmont,  Esq., 
N.  Y.  1st  dam  Olivia  Augusta  by  Cowl;  2d  dam  Maria  by 
Belsbazzar;  3d  dam  Melbourne's  dam  by  Cer\-antes;  4tli  dam 
by  Golumpus;  5th  dam  by  Paynator;  Gth  dam  sister  to 
Zodiac  by  St.  George.     (See  Lanercost  mare.) 

Spot  Mare,  f.,  foaled  1762 ;  said  to  be  from  Duke  of  Hamilton's 
stud,  imported  prior  to  the  Eevolution.  By  Spot.  This  pedi- 
gree is  given  as  represented ;  cannot  be  found  in  English  Stud 
Book.  1st  dam  by  Cartouch ;  2d  dam  by  Old  Traveler;  3d  dam 
by  Sedbury ;  4th  dam  by  Childers  out  of  a  Barb  mare. 

Statira,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1809,  bred  by  Mr.  Forth ;  imported  by  Hon. 
John  Eandolph,  Eoanoke,  Va.  By  Alexander  the  Great.  1st 
dam  by  Buzzard ;  2d  dam  Eose  by  Sweetl^riar ;  3d  dam  Merli- 
ton  by  Snap ;  4th  dam  Miss  Windsor  by  Godolphin  Arabian ; 
5tli  dam  sister  to  Wyvill's  Volunteer  by  Young  Belgrade; 
6th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  7th  dam  by  Devonshire 
Chestnut  Arabian;  8th  dam  sister  to  Somerset's  Westbury 
by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb;  9th  dam  by  Old  Spot;  10th  dam 
by  Woodcock. 

Starlin"G  Mare,  gr.  f.,  foaled  1755,  bred  by  Duke  of  Cumberland ; 
said  to  have  been  imported  by  Jos.  Anderson,  Esq.,  New  York. 
By  Starling.  1st  dam  by  Partner ;  2d  dam  by  Gallant's  Smiling 
Tom;  3d  dam  Traveler's  dam  by  Almanzor;  4th  dam  Bay 
Bolton's  sister  by  Grey  Hautboy ;  5th  dam  by  Makeless ;  6th 
dam  by  Brimmer;  7th  dam  by  Diamond;  8th  dam  sister  to 
dam  of  Old  Merhn. 

STAUGHTOisr  Lass,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1825,  bred  by  Col.  Lautour;  im- 
ported by  James  Jackson,  Esq.,  Alabama.  By  Blacklock.  1st 
dam  sister  to  Woodcock  by  Young  Woodpecker;  2d  dam 
Fractious  by  Mercury;  3d  dam  by  Woodpecker;  4th  dam 
Everlasting  by  Eclipse ;  5th  dam  Hyrena  by  Snap ;  6th  dam 
Miss  Belsea  by  Eegulus ;  7th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  8th 
dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  9th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True 
Blues. 

Stella,  f.  foaled  in  Virginia ;  imported  in  her  mother's  belly,  it  is 
believed,  by  Col.  John  Baylor,  of  Virginia.  By  Shakespeare,  in 
England.  Dam  Lord  Portmore's  Cassandra  by  Wliitenose 
(which  see). 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    MARES.  645 

St.  Nicholas  Mare,  br.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Lord  Stanley ;  im- 
ported into  Charleston,  S.  C,  by  Mr.  Porcher,  and  sold  to  Col. 
Fitzsimmons.  By  St.  Nicholas.  1st  dam  Mysinder  by  Lot- 
tery ;  2d  dam  Columbine  by  Cervantes ;  3d  dam  Flora  by 
Camillus ;  4th  dam  by  Ruler ;  5tli  dam  Treecreeper  by  Wood- 
pecker ;  6tli  dam  by  Trentham ;  7th  dam  Cunegonde  by  Blank ; 
8th  dam  by  Cullen  Arabian ;  9th  dam  by  Patriot ;  10th  dam 
by  Gander;  11th  dam  by  brother  to  Grantham;  12tli  dam  by 
Pullein's  Chestnut  Arabian ;  13th  dam  by  Spanker. 

Stolejs"  Kisses,  b.  f.,  foaled  1864,  bred  by  Mr.  Eyke ;  imported  and 
owned  by  R.  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  Clifton  Stud  Farm,  Staten 
Island,  N.  Y.  By  Knight  of  the  Kars.  1st  dam  Defamation 
(Saccharometer's  dam)  by  lago ;  2d  dam  Caricature  by  Panta- 
loon; 3d  dam  Pasquinade  by  Camel;  4th  dam  Banter  by 
Master  Henry;  5th  dam  Bodicea  by  Alexander;  6th  dam 
Brunette  by  Amaranthus ;  7th  dam  Mayfly  by  Matchem ;  8th 
dam  by  the  Aneaster  Starling;  9th  dam  by  Grasshopper;  10th 
dam  by  Sir  M.  Newton's  Arabian;  11th  dam  by  Pert;  12th 
dam  by  St.  Martins;  13tli  dam  by  Sir  E.  Hale's  Arabian;  14th 
dam  the  Oldfield  mare. 

Stump's  Mare,  br.  f.,  foaled  1838,  gotten  in  England;  imported  in 
her  mother's  belly  by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala. 
By  English  Stumps.  Dam  the  Nun's  Daughter  by  Filho-da- 
Puta  (which  see). 

Stump's  Mare  Venetia,  gr.  £,  foaled  1836,  bred  by.  Mr.  Cookes; 
imported  by  Messrs.  Ogden;  owned  by  L.  J.  Polk,  Esq.,  Ten- 
nessee. By  English  Stumps.  Dam  imported  Variella,  sister  to 
Voltair  by  Blacklock.     (See  Variella.) 

Sultan  Mare,  br.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  His  Majesty ;  imported 
by  Messrs.  Ogden  &  Corbin.  By  Sultan.  Dam  Rachael  by 
Whalebone.     (See  Adana,  her  sister.) 

SuLTAiT  Mare,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  Lord  Exeter;  imp.  by 
Messrs.  Nott  &  Fearne,  Mobile,  Ala.  By  Sultan.  1st  dam 
Marinella  by  Soothsayer;  2d  dam  Bess  by  Waxy;  3d  dam 
Vixen  by  Pot-8-o's ;  4th  dam  Cyplier  by  Squirrel ;  5th  dam  by 
Regulus ;  6th  dam  Snapdragon  by  Snap ;  7th  dam  by  Bartlett's 
Childers ;  8th  dam  by  Honeywood's  Arabian ;  9th  dam,  dam  of 
the  two  True  Blues. 

Sunny  South,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1858,  by  Irish  Birdcatcher;  imported 
by  the  Kentucky  Importing  Company  in  1860 ;  owned  by  Col. 


G46  THE    HOESE. 

J.  J.  O'Fallon,  St.  Louis,  Mo.  1st  dam  Equal  by  The  Cure ;  2(1 
clam  Equation  by  Emilius ;  3d  dam  Maria  by  Whisker ;  4th  dam 
Gibside  Fairy  by  Hermes;  5th  dam  Vicissitude  by  Pipator; 
Gth  dam  Beatrice  by  8ir  Peter  Teazle;  7tli  dam  Pyrrha  by 
Matchem;  8th  dam  Feuwick's  Duchess  l)y  Whitenose;  9th 
dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by  Young  True  Blue ;  10th  dam  by  Lord 
Oxford's  Ar3,])ian ;  lltli  dam  D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Eoyal  mare. 

:  ;7EETBRIAE,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1785,  bred  by  Duke  of  Cumberland ; 
imp.  by  Gen.  Spotswood,  Virginia.  By  Sweetbriar.  1st  dam 
Dido  by  Eclipse ;  2d  dam  by  Spectator ;  3d  dam  by  Blank ;  4tli 
dam  Lord  Leigh's  Diana  by  Second ;  5th  dam  Hanger's  Brown 
mare  by  Stanyau  Arabian ;  6th  dam  Gipsey  by  King  William's 
No-tongued  Barb ;  7tli  dam  by  Makeless ;  8th  dam  Royal  mare. 

Sweetbriar,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Mr.  Humble;  imported 
with  her  dam  by  L.  J.  Polk,  Esq.,  Tennessee.  By  Eecovery. 
1st  dam  Primrose  by  Comus;  2d  dam  Cowslii?  by  Cocklighter; 
3d  dam  Brown  Javelin  by  Javelin ;  4th  dam  Young  Maiden  by 
Highflyer.     (See  imported  Primrose.) 

Sweetest  Whek  Naked,  gr.  f.,  foaled  1787;  imported  in  her 
mother's  belly,  the  property  of  Alexander  Spotswood,  Esq., 
Virginia,  and  Col.  J.  Tayloe.  By  Tattersall's  Highflyer.  Dam 
Gunilda,  called  also  Virago,  imported  by  Star.     (See  Gunilda.) 

Symmetry,  ch.  f.,  foaled,  it  is  said,  1799,  bred  by  Lord  Clermont; 
imported  .into  Virginia  1805,  by  Messrs.  Gibson  &  Jefferson. 
By  Trumpator.  1st  dam  Young  Doxy  by  Imperator;  2d  dam 
Doxy  by  Herod ;  3d  dam  Imjoudence  by  Eclipse ;  4th  dam 
Modesty  by  Cade ;  5th  dam  by  Crab ;  Gth  dam  Lord  Portmore's 
Abigail  by  Young  Greyhound ;  7th  dam  Warlock  Galloway  by 
Snake,  etc. 

Tadmor  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1859,  by  Tadmor,  bred  by  Mr.  Simpson 
Diss,  Cambridgeshire ;  imported  by  Messrs.  Dudley  &  Bruce, 
agents  of  the  Kentucky  Importing  Company.  This  filly  died 
August  10th,  1860,  at  Liverpool,  from  congestion  of  the  lungs. 
1st  dam  Fair  Geraldine  by  Footstool ;  2d  dam  Arethusa  by 
EHs ;  3d  dam  Aunt  Bliss  by  Woful ;  4th  dam  Mandoline  by 
Waxy;  5th  dam  Penny  Trumpet  by  Trumpator;  6th  dam 
Young  Camilla  (sister  to  Colibri)  by  Woodpecker ;  7th  dam 
Camilla  by  Trentham;  8th  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton 
Barb ;  9th  dam  sister  to  Regulus  by  Godolphin  Arabian ;  10th 
dam  Grey  Robinson    by  the   Bald  Galloway;   11th   dam  by 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MAEES.  647 

Snake;  12fch  dam  Grey  Wilkes  by  Hautboy;  13th  dam  MisG 
D'Arcy's  Pet  mare ;  14th  dam  Sedbury  Royal  mare. 

Tadmor  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1859,  bred  by  Mr.  Simpson,  imported 
by  Kentucky  Importing  Company,  18G0.  Died  on  the  passage. 
By  Tadmor.  1st  dam  Southdown  (Alarm's  dam)  by  Defence; 
2d  dam  Feltona  by  X  Y  Z  ;  3d  dam  Janetta  by  Benningbrough ; 
4th  dam  by  Drone ;  5th  dam  Contessina  by  Young  Marske ; 
6th  dam  Tuberose  by  Herod ;  7tli  dam  Grey  Starling  by  Star- 
ling ;  8th  dam  Coughing  Polly  by  Bartlett's  Childers ;  9th  dam 
by  Counsellor  (sister  to  Thunderbolt) ;  10th  dam  by  Snake ; 
11th  dam  by  Luggs ;  12th  dam  Davill's  Old  Woodcock. 

Target,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1858.  By  Eiflcmau.  Imported  by  A.  Keeno 
Eichards ;  owned  by  A.  J.  Alexander.  1st  dam  Melrose  by 
Melbourne;  2d  dam  Clarkia  by  M nicy  Moloch ;  3d  dam  sister 
to  Eighton  byPalmerin;  4th  dam  Oceanea  by  Cerberus;  5th 
dam  by  Benningbrough  (Dr.  Syntax's  dam) ;  Cth  dam  Jenny 
Mole  by  Carbuncle ;  7th  dam  by  Prince  T'Quassaw ;  8th  dam 
Sultana  by  Eegulus ;  9th  dam  by  Partner ;  10th  dam  by  Gal- 
lant's Smiling  Tom;  11th  dam  Traveler's  dam  by  Almanzor ; 
12th  dam  sister  to  Bay  Bolton  by  Grey  Hautboy;  13th  dam  by 
Makeless;  14th  dam  by  Brimmer;  i5th  dam  by  Diamond; 
16th  dam  sister  to  the  dam  of  Old  Merlin  by  Bustler. 

Tartar  Mare,  imported  by  Mr.  Fenwick,  Virginia;  cannot  be 
traced  in  English  Stud  Book.  By  Tartar.  1st  dam  by  Young 
Sweepstakes ;  2d  dam  by  Mogul ;  3d  dam  by  Bay  Bolton  ;  4th 
dam  by  Pullein's  Chestnut  Arabian;  5tli  dam  by  Lock  wood; 
Cth  dam  by  Bustler. 

Tears,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1823,  bred  by  Mr.  E.  Wilson ;  imported  into 
South  Carolina,  1835,  by  CoL  Wade  Hampton,  with  colt  foal  at 
her  side,  and  covered  by  Defence.  By  Woful.  1st  dam  Miss 
Stephenson  by  Scud  or  Sorcerer ;  2d  dam  sister  to  Petwortli  by 
Precipitate;  3d  dam  by  Woodpecker;  4th  dam  sister  to 
Juniper  by  Snap ;  5tli  dam  Young  Marske's  dam  by  Blank ; 
6th  dam  Bay  Starling  by  Bolton  Starling  ;  7t]i  dam  Miss  Mey- 
well  by  Partner  •  8th  dam  by  Greyhound ;  9th  dam  by  Cur- 
wen's  Bay  Barb ;  10th  dam  by  Lord  D'Arcy's  Arabian ;  11th 
dam  by  Whiteshirt ;  12th  dam  Old  Montagu  mare. 

Teniers  Mare,  (sister  to  Puss)  ch.  f ,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr. 
Mostyn ;  imported  by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Huntsville,  Ala.  By 
Teniers.     1.3t  dam  Cora  by  Peruvian ;  2d  dam  by  Alexander ; 


G48  THE    HORSE. 

3d  dam  Berrington  by  Sweet  William ;  4tli  dam  by  Herod ;  5tli 
dam  Flora  by  Squirrel ;  6tli  dam  Angelica  by  Snap ;  7th  dam 
by  Eegulus;  8th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  9th  dam  by 
Honeywood's  Arabian ;  10th  dam,  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

The  CoLO]srEL's  Daughter,  b.  f.,  bred  by  Mr.  Tattersall ;  imported 
by  L.  J.  Polk,  Esq.,  Tennessee.  By  The  Colonel.  Dam  Vari- 
ella  by  Blacklock.     (See  Variella.) 

Thetis,  b.  f.,  foaled  1852,  bred  by  Mr.  Ikiu ;  imported  into  Ohio  by 
J.  S.  Earey,  Esq.  By  Van  Tromp.  Covered  by  Newminster. 
1st  dam  Poll  Maggot  by  Voltair ;  2d  dam  by  Whisker ;  3d  dam 
Louisa  by  Orville ;  4tli  dam  Thomasiana  by  Timothy ;  5th  dam 
Violet  by  Sharke ;  6th  dam  by  Syphon ;  7tli  dam  Charlotte  by 
Blank ;  8th  dam  by  Crab ;  Otli  dam  by  Dyer's  Dimple ;  10th 
dam  by  Why-not;  11th  dam  Eoyal  mare. 

Tiresias'  Mare,  br.  f.,  (sister  to  Scheme),  foaled  1826,  bred  by 
Lord  Lowther ;  imported  by  Dr.  A.  T.  B.  Merritt,  Hicksford, 
Va.  By  Tiresias.  1st  dam  by  Haphazard ;  2d  dam  by  Precipi- 
tate; 3d  dam  Colibri  by  Woodpecker;  4th  dam  Camilla  by 
Ti'entham ;  5th  dam  Coquette  by  the  Compton  Barb,  etc. 

TiTST,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1832,  bred  by  Mr.  Gifford ;  imported  into 
Louisiana  by  Thomas  Flintoff,  Esq.,  Nashville,  Tenn.  In  foal 
to  English  Sheet  Anchor.  By  Langar.  1st  dam  Zephyrina  by 
Middlethorpe ;  2d  dam  Pagoda  by  Sir  Peter ;  3d  dam  Eupee 
by  Coriander;  4tli  dam  Matron  by  Florizel ;  5th  dam  Maiden 
by  Matchem;  6th  dam  by  Squirt;  7tli  dam  Lot's  dam  by 
Mogul;  8th  dam  Camilla  by  Bay  Bolton;  9th  dam  Old  Lady 
Starling's  dam  by  Pullein's  Chestnut  Arabian ;  10th  dam  by 
Eockwood ;  11th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Tom  Boy  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by ;  imported  by 

James  Jackson,  Esq.,  Huntsville,  Ala. ;  purchased  at  his  sale 
by  Eufus  K.  Polk,  Esq.,  Tennessee.  By  Tom  Boy.  1  st  dam 
by  Wanton  or  Don  Juan ;  2d  dam  sister  to  Benedick  by  Eemem- 
brancer ;  3d  dam  Beatrice  by  Sir  Peter ;  4th  dam  Pyrrha  by 
Matchem;  5th  dam  Duchess  by  Whitenose;  6tli  dam  Miss 
Slamerkin  by  Young  True  Blue;  7th  dam  by  Oxford  Dun 
Arabian ;  8th  dam  D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Eoyal  mare. 

Tramp  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Eidsdale ;  imported 
into  Louisiana ;  owned  by  J.  Eouth,  Esq.  By  Tramp.  Dam 
Marchesa  by  Comus.     (See  My  Lady,  her  sister.) 


LIST    OF    IMPOETED    MAEES.  649 

Teanby  Maee,  b.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  His  Majesty;  imported 
by  Col.  Singleton,  South  Carolina.  By  Tranby,  before  his  im- 
portation. 1st  dam  Elfrida  by  Whalebone ;  2d  dam  by  Selim ; 
3d  dam  Maiden  by  Matchem.     (See  Titsy.) 

TRAiq-BT  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  His  Majesty ;  imported 
by  Col.  Wade  Hampton,  South  Carolina.  By  Tranby,  before  his 
importation.  1st  dam  by  Whalebone;  2d  dam  sister  to 
Wanderer  by  Gohanna ;  3d  dam  Catharine  by  Woodpecker ; 
4th  dam  Camilla  by  Trentham ;  5th  dam  Coquette  by  Compton 
Barb. 

Teapes  {nee  Speck),  b.  f.,  foaled  1825,  bred  by  Lord  Strathmore ; 
imported  by  the  Messrs.  Merritt,  Virginia.  By  Tramp.  1st 
dam  Eemembrance  by  Sir  Solomon ;  2d  dam  Queen  Mab  by 
Eclipse ;  3d  dam  by  Tartar ;  4tli  dam  by  Mogul ;  5th  dam  by 
Sweepstakes;  6th  dam  by  Bay  Bolton;  7th  dam  by  Curwen's 
Bay  Barb ;  8th  dam  by  Old  Spot ;  9th  dam  by  White-legged 
Lowther  Barb ;  10th  dam  Vintner  mare. 

Trifle,  b.  f.,  foaled  1826,  bred  by  Lord  Derby;  imported  into 
Louisiana  by  A.  D.  Shephard ;  owned  by  Messrs.  Rouzan  &  Bro., 
Louisiana.  By  Filho-da-Puta.  1st  dam  sister  to  Spartan  by 
Milo ;  2d  dam  Pamela  by  Whiskey ;  3d  dam  Lais  by  Diomed ; 
4th  dam  Grace  by  Snap;  5th  dam  Pussy  by  Eegulus;  6th  dam 
by  Traveler ;  7ta  dam  by  Hartley's  blind  horse. 

Tein"ket,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1831,  bred  by  Sir  F.  Johnson ;  imported  by 
Lucius  J.  Polk,  Esq.,  Nashville,  Tcnn.  By  Godolphin.  Dam 
Filagree  by  Soothsayer.     (See  Eiddlesworth.) 

Trumpator  Mare,  b.  f ,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Mr.  Haffenden ;  imported 
into  New  Orleans,  1838 ;  sold  there  to  F.  Duplantier,  Esq.  By 
Trumpator.  1st  dam  Ringdove  by  Bobadil ;  2d  dam  by  Dick 
Andrews;  3d  dam  Eleanor  by  Whiskey;  4th  dam  Young 
Giantess  dam  of  Sorcerer  by  Diomed;  5th  dam  Giantess  by 
Matchem ;  6th  dam  Molly  Longlegs  by  Babraham ;  7tli  dam  by 
Cole's  Foxhunter ;  8th  dam  by  Partner,  etc. ;  9th  dam  sister  to 
Eoxana  by  the  Bald  Galloway. 

Trumpetta,  br.  f.,  foaled  1797,  bred  by  Mr.  PoAvell;  imported  by 
Col.  John  Hoomes,  of  Virginia.  By  Trumpator.  1st  dam 
sister  to  Lambinos  by  Highflyer ;  2d  dam  by  Echpse ;  3d  dam 
Vauxhall's  dam  by  Young  Cade;  4th  dam  by  Bolton  Little- 
john;  5th  dam  Durham's  Favorite  by  son  of  Bald  Galloway; 
6th  dam  Daffodil's  dam  by  Sir  T.  Gascoigne's  foreign  horse. 


650  THE  HOKSE. 

Tulip,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  by  ;  imported  into  North 

Carolina  by  A.  J.  Davie,  Esq.  By  St.  Patrick.  1st  dam  Manea 
by  Merlin ;  2d  dam  Specie  by  Scud ;  3d  dam  Quail  by  Golianna ; 
4tli  dam  Certhia  by  Woodpecker ;  5th  dam  by  Trentham ;  6th 
dam  Cunegonde  by  Blank. 

Tunica,  b.  f.,  foaled  1835,  bred  by  Mr.  Nowell;  imported  by  L. 
J.  &  E.  K.  Polk,  Esqrs.,  of  Tennessee.  By  Muley.  1st  dam 
Calypso  by  Sorcerer;  2d  dam  Houghton  Lass  by  Sir  Peter  (dam 
of  English  Comus) ;  3d  dam  Alexina  by  King  Fergus ;  4th  dam 
Lardella  by  Young  Marske.     (See  imported  Sarah.) 

TuEPiN"  Maee,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1764;  imported  into  South  Carolina, 
1767,  by  Capt.  Parker.  By  Turpin  (son  of  Smale's  Childers). 
1st  dam  by  Babraham ;  2d  dam  by  Partner. 

TJeganda,  br.  f.,  foaled  1821,  bred  by  Lord  Derby ;  imported  by 
Samuel  Eagland,  Esq.,  Madison  county,  Ala.  By  Milo.  1st 
dam  by  Sorcerer ;  2d  dam  by  Sir  Solomon ;  3d  dam  tAvin  sister 
to  Lilliputian  by  Young  Marske ;  4th  dam  by  Phoenomenon ; 
5th  dam  Calliope  by  Slouch ;  6th  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  bv 
Oroonoko ;  7th  dam  by  Traveler ;  8tli  dam  Miss  Makeless. 

Vaga,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1822,  bred  by  Mr.  Vevers ;  imported  by  Messrs. 
Ogden  &  Corbin ;  owned  by  Messrs.  L.  J.  &  E.  K.  Polk, 
Tennessee.  By  Lismahago.  1st  dam  Lady  Byron  by  Sir  Ulric ; 
2d  dam  by  Dungannon;  3d  dam  Miss  Euston  by  Snap;  4th 
dam  by  Blank ;  5th  dam  by  Cartouch ;  6th  dam  Soreheels  mare 
by  Soreheels ;  7th  dam  by  Highflyer,  etc. 

Vamp,  br.  f.,  foaled  1825,  bred  by  Lord  Sligo ;  imported  by  E.  H. 
Boardmau,  Esq.,  Alabama.  By  Langar.  Dam  Wire,  sister  to 
Web  by  Waxy.     (See  Eachel  by  Partizan.) 

Vaeialetta,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1838;  imported,  with  her  dam  Variella, 
by  L.  J.  Polk,  Tennessee.  By  the  Colonel.  1st  dam  Variella 
by  Blacklock ;  2d  dam  by  Phantom ;  3d  dam  by  Overton ;  4tli 
dam  Gratitude's  dam  by  Walnut.     (See  imported  Variella.) 

Vaeiella  (sister  to  Voltair),  br.  f.,  foaled  1829,  bred  by  Mr.  Stephen- 
son; imported  by  Lucius  J.  Polk,  Esq.,  Maury  county,  Tenn. 
By  Blacklock.  1st  dam  by  Phantom ;  2d  dam  by  Overton ;  3d 
dam  Gratitude's  dam  by  Walnut;  4th  dam  by  Euler;  5th  dam 
Piracantha  by  Matchem;  6tli  dam  Prophetess  by  Eegulus;  7th 
dam  Jenny  Spinner  by  Partner ;  8th  dam  iDy  Greyhound ;  9th 
dam  Sophonisba's  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb;  10th  dam  by 


LIST    OF    IMPOKTED    MARES.  651 

D'Arcy's  Chestnut  Arabian;   lltli  clam  by  Wliiteshirt;  12tli 
dam  Old  Montagu  maro. 

Yaen-ish,  or  Vanish,  b.  f.,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  Houldsworth ; 
imported  by  Capt.  Langford  into  Mobile,  1837.  By  Vanish. 
1st  dam  Elephant's  dam  by  Shuttle ;  2d  dam  by  Oberon ;  3d 
dam  Engravei''s  dam  by  Stride ;  4th  dam  sister  to  Sharper  by 
Eanthos,  etc. 

Velocipede  Mare,  ch.  £,  foaled  1834,  bred  by ;  imported 

into  Virginia;  owned  and  raced  by  Jas.  M.  Seldon,  Esq.     By 
Velocipede.     Dam  by  Walton. 

Venetia,  g.  f.,  foaled  1836,  bred  and  imported  by  Messrs.  L.  J.  & 
E.  K.  Polk,  Tennessee.  By  English  Stumps.  Dam  imported 
Variella  by  Blacklock.     (See  Variella  and  Stump's  mare.) 

Victoria,  br.  f.,  foaled  about  1800;  imported  into  Virginia  by  Hon. 
John  Tayloe.  By  Buzzard.  She  died  1807,  leaving  no  produce. 
1st  dam  by  Metajohysician ;  2d  dam  Nancy  Dawson  by  Damper ; 
3d  dam  Luna  by  Herod ;  4th  dam  Proserj)ine  (sister  to  Eclipse) 
by  Marske;  5th  dam  Spiletta  by  Eegulus;  6th  dam  Mother 
"Western  by  Smith's  son  of  Snake. 

Victoria,  br.  £,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  Mr.  Boardman ;  imported  by 
H.  C.  Cammack,  New  Orleans.  By  Bay  Malton.  1st  dam 
Polly  Oliver  by  Sir  Oliver ;  2d  dam  by  Hambletonian ;  3d  dam 
Constantia  by  Sir  Peter;  4th  dam  by  Mungo;  5th  dam  by 
Latham's  Snap ;  6th  dam  Sappho  by  Eegulus ;  7th  dam  Lodge's 
Eoan  mare  by  Partner. 

Victoria,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Mr.  Wright ;  imported  into 
Illinois  by  Col.  Chas.  Oakley;  owned  by  W.  W.  &  F.  M.  Morton, 
Morgan  county.  By  Cain.  1st  dam  Ada  (sister  to  Augusta) 
by  AVoful;  2d  dam  by  Eubens;  3d  dam  Guildford  Nan  by 
Guildford ;  4th  dam  Vulture's  dam  by  Justice ;  5th  dam  Parsley 
by  Pot-8-o's ;  6th  dam  Lady  Bolingbroke  by  Squirrel ;  7th  dam 
Herod's  dam  Cypron  by  Blaze;  8th  dam  Selima  by  Bethel's 
Arabian;  9th  dam  by  Graham's  Champion;  10th  dam  by 
Darley's  Arabian ;  11th  dam  by  Merlin. 

VOLANTE,  £,  foaled  1797,  bred  by  Mr.  Kingsman;  imported  by  Col. 
J.  Hoomes,  Bowling  Green,  Va.  By  Volunteer,  son  of  Echpse. 
1st  dam  Lava  by  Sulphur;  2d  dam  by  Blank;  3d  dam  by  Lord 
Cedworth's  Foxhunter ;  4th  dam  by  brother  to  Mixbury ;  5th 
dam  by  Smockface;  6th  dam  by  Lord  Wharton's  Old  Snail; 


652  THE    HOKSE. 

7th  dam  by  Burford  Bull ;  8tli  dam  Wilkinson  mare  by  Brim- 
mer ;  Otli  dam  Layton  Barb  mare. 

VoLANTE,  b.  £,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  Eidsdale;  imported  by  John 
Eolith,  Esq.,  Louisiana.  By  Velocipede.  1st  dam  Charity  by 
Tramp;  2d  dam  Euphrosyne's  dam  by  Shuttle;  3d  dam  by 
Drone;  4th  dam  Contessina  by  Young  Marske;  5th  dam 
Tuberose  by  Herod ;  6tli  dam  Grey  Starling  by  Starling ;  7th 
dam  Coughing  Polly  by  Bartlett's  Childers,  etc. 

Walto]!^  Maee,  b.  f.,  foaled  1823,  bred  by  Mr.  Barker;  sent  to 
America  in  1834,  with  bay  foal  by  St.  Nicholas,  and  covered  by 
him.  By  Walton.  1st  dam  by  Wizard ;  2d  dam  Eemembrance 
by  Sir  Solomon ;  3d  dam  Queen  Mab  by  Eclipse ;  4th  dam  by 
Tartar ;  5tli  dam  by  Mogul ;  6tb  dam  by  Sweepstakes ;  7th  dam 
sister  to  SloYcn  by  Bay  Bolton ;  8th  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay 
Barb;  9th  dam  by  Old  Spot;  10th  dam  by  White-legged 
Lowther  Barb ;  11th  dam  Old  Vintner  mare. 

Waterloo  Mare,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1834,  bred  by  His  Majesty;  imported 
into  South  Carolina.  By  Waterloo.  1st  dam  by  Comus;  2d 
dam  Lady  Frances  by  Mr.  Teazle ;  3d  dam  by  Volunteer ;  4tli 
dam  Storace  by  Tandem ;  5th  dam  Perdita  by  Herod ;  6th  dam 
Fair  Forester  by  Sloe;  7th  dam  by  Forester;  8th  dam  by 
Partner;  9th  dam  by  Crofts'  Bay  Barb;  10th  dam  by  Makeless; 
11th  dam  by  Brimmer;  12th  dam  by  son  of  Dodsworth;  13th 
dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Waterwitch,  b.  f.,  foaled  1828,  bred  by  Lord  Warwick ;  imported 

by into  Virginia.     By  Whalebone.     1st  dam  Niobe  by 

Sir  David ;  2d  dam  by  Buzzard ;  3d  dam  Totterella  by  Dun- 
gannon ;  4th  dam  Marcella  l^y  Mambrino ;  5th  dam  ]\Iedea  by 
Sweetbriar ;  6tli  dam  Angelica  by  Snap ;  7th  dam  by  Eegulus ; 
8th  dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers;  9th  dam  by  Honeywood's 
Arabian  ;  10th  dam  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Waxy  Maee,  f.,  foaled  between  1801  and  '6,  bred  by  Sir  J.  Poole ; 
imported  by  T.  Bland,  Virginia,  and  owned  by  James  Jackson, 
Esq.  By  Waxy.  1st  dam  Mother  Shipton  by  Anvil;  2d  dam 
Jemima  by  SatelHte ;  3d  dam  Maria  by  Herod;  4th  dam 
Lisette  by  Snap ;  5th  dam  Miss  Windsor  by  Godolphin  Arabian ; 
6th  dam  sister  to  Wyvill's  Volunteer  by  Young  Belgrade ;  7th 
dam  by  Bartlett's  Childers. 

Weatherbit  Mare,  or  Cicily  Jopson,  br,  f.,  foaled  1859,  bred  by 
Mr.  John  Osborne;  imported  by  Kentucky  Importing  Com- 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MAEES.  653 

pany;  purchased  by  Jas.  A.  Grinsteacl,  Esq.,  Lexington,  Ky. 
By  Weatherbit,  1867,  stinted  to  Lightning.  1st  dam  Cestrea 
by  Faugh -a-Ballagh ;  2d  dam  by  Liverpool ;  3d  dam  Eaehel  by 
Muley;  4th  dam  by  Comus;  5th  dam  (Margrave's  dam)  by 
Election ;  6th  dam  Fair  Helen  by  Hambletonian ;  7th  dam 
Helen  by  Delpini ;  8tli  dam  Eosalind  by  Phoenomenon ;  9th 
dam  Atalanta  by  Matchem;  lOtli  dam  Lass  of  the  Mill  by 
Oroonoko;  11th  dam  by  Old  Traveler;  12th  dam  Miss  Make- 
less  by  Young  Greyhound;  13th  dam  by  Old  Partner;  14th 
dam  by  Woodcock  (dam  of  the  Lambton  Miss  Doe) ;  15th  dam 
by  Crofts'  Bay  Barb  (grandam  of  the  Ancaster  Starling) ;  16th 
dam  by  Makeless;  17th  dam  by  Brimmer;  18th  dam  by  Dicky 
Pierson  (son  of  Dodsworth) ;  19th  dam  Burton  Barb  mare. 

Weather  Witch  (imp.),  ch.  f.,  foaled  1858,  bred  by  John  Osborne,  at 
Ley  burn,  Yorkshire,  and  imported  by  Kentucky  Importing 
Company.  Weatherbit  by  Sheet  Anchor,  dam  Miss  Letty  by 
Priam.  By  Weatherbit.  1st  dam  by  Bii-dcatcher ;  2d  dam 
Colocynth  by  Physician ;  3d  dam  Camelina  (sister  to  Camel)  by 
Whalebone;  4th  dam  by  Selim;  5tli  dam  Maiden  by  Sir  Peter; 
6th  dam  by  Phoenomenon ;  7th  dam  Matron  by  Florizel ;  8th 
dam  Maiden  by  Matchem ;  9th  dam  by  Squirt ;  10th  dam  Lot's 
dam  by  Mogul;  11th  dam  Camilla  by  Bay  Bolton;  12th  dam 
Old  Lady  (Starling's  dam)  by  Pullein's  Chestnut  Aral^ian; 
13th  dam  by  Eockwood ;  14tli  dam  by  Bustler. 

Wekon'A  (imp.),  br.  f.,  foaled  1859,  bred  by  Her  Majesty  at  Hampton 
Court ;  owned  by  E.  A.  Alexander,  Esq.,  Kentucky.  By  Fly- 
ing Dutchman.  1st  dam  Bay  Cecelia  by  Orlando;  2d  dam 
Hersey  by  Glaucus ;  3d  dam  Hester  by  Camel ;  4tli  dam  Moni- 
mia  by  Muley;  5th  dam  sister  to  Petv/orth  by  Precipitate;  6th 
dam  Woodpecker  mare,  her  dam  sister  to  Juniper;  7th  dam  by 
Snap ;  8th  dam  by  Blank,  dam  of  Young  Marske ;  9th  dam 
Bay  Starling  by  Bolton  Starling ;  10th  dam  Miss  Maynell  by 
Partner;  11th  dam  by  Greyhound;  12th  dam  by  Curwen's 
Barb ;  13th  dam  by  D'Arcy's  Chestnut  Ara]jian ;  14tli  dam  by 
Whiteshirt;  15th  dam  Old  Montagu  mare. 

The  Flying  Dutchman  by  Bay  Middleton,  dam  Barbella  by  Sand- 
beck  ;  l)red  by  Her  Majesty,  at  Hampton  Court. 

West  Australian  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1859,  by  West  Australian, 
bred  by  Lord  Londesborough ;  imported  by  Messrs.  Dudley  & 
Bruce,  agents  of  the  Kentucky  Importing  Company.    Late  the 


654  THE    HORSE. 

property  of  Hon.  D.  F.  Kenner,  of  Louisiana.  1st  dam  The 
Broom  by  Van  Tromp ;  2d  dam  Miss  Martin  by  Voltair;  3d 
dam  Miss  Iris  by  Blucher ;  4tli  dam  Iris  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle ; 
5tli  dam  Isabella  by  Eclipse ;  6th  dam  by  Squirrel ;  7th  dam 
Ancaster  Nancy  by  Blank ;  8th  dam  Phoebe  by  Tortoise ;  9th 
dam  by  Looby;  10th  dam  by  Partner;  11th  dam  by  Woodcock; 
12tli  dam  by  Makeless;  13th  dam  by  Brimmer;  14th  dam  by 
Dicky  Pierson ;  15th  dam  by  Burton  Barb. 

Whaekcliff,  b.  f.,  foaled  1839,  bred  by  Lord  Scarborough,  sent 
to  Charleston,  S.  C,  1835 ;  covered  by  Tramp.  By  Waverly. 
1st  dam  by  Catton;  2d  dam  Hannah  by  Sorcerer;  3d  dam 
Amelia  by  Highflyer ;  4th  dam  Miss  Timms  by  Matchem  ;  5  th 
dam  by  Squirt ;  6th  dam  Lot's  dam  by  Mogul ;  7th  dam  Camilla 
by  Bay  Bolton;  8tli  dam  Old  Lady  by  Pullein's  Chestnut 
Arabian ;  9th  dam  by  Eockwood ;  10th  dam  by  Bustler,  etc., 
etc. 

"Whitefoot  Mare,  foaled  about  1732,  bred  by  Sir  T.  Peed;  im- 
ported into  Virginia  by  John  Gower.  By  Whitefoot.  1st  dam 
by  Bald  Galloway;  2d  dam  Young  Kitty  Burdett  by  Old 
Smales ;  3d  dam  Kitty  Burdett  by  Barley's  Arabian ;  4th  dam 
Mr.  Burdett's  Child  mare. 

Williamson's  Ditto  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1822,  bred  by  Mr.  K  H. 
Smith;  imported  by  E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  Alabama.  By 
Williamson's  Ditto.  1st  dam  by  Trumpator ;  2d  dam  Countess 
by  Sir  Peter ;  3d  dam  Fame  by  Pantaloon ;  4th  dam  sister  to 
Juno  by  Spectator ;  5tli  dam  sister  to  Horatius  by  Blank ;  6tli 
dam  by  Childers ;  7tli  dam  Miss  Belvoir  by  Grey  Grantham ; 
8th  dam  by  Paget  Turk;  9th  dam  Betty  Percival  by  Leedes' 
Arabian ;  10th  dam  by  Spanker,  etc. 

Wilson  Arabian"  Mare,  ch.  f.,  foaled  1754,  bred  by ;  im- 
ported and  sold  in  Maryland,  1762,  in  ship  Christian,  Capt. 
Stanly.  By  Wilson's  Chestnut  Arabian.  1st  dam  by  Slipby ; 
2d  dam  Meynell  by  Partner ;  3d  dam  by  Greyhound ;  4th  dam 
Sophonisba's  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  5tli  dam  by  D'Arcy's 
Chestnut  Arabian;  6tli  dam  by  Whiteshirt;  7th  dam  Old 
Montagu  mare. 

Woful  Mare,  b.  f.,  foaled  1824,  bred  by  Mr.  Burgess;  imported  by 
E.  H.  Boardman,  Esq.,  Alabama.  By  Woful.  1st  dam  Alle- 
gretta  by  Trumpator ;  2d  dam  Young  Camilla  by  Woodpecker ; 
3d  dam   Camilla  by  Trentham;    4th   dam  Coquette  by  the 


LIST   OF   IMPOETED   MAEES.  655 

Compton  Barb;  5tli  dam  sister  to  Eegulus  by  Godolphiu  Ara- 
bian, etc. 

Woodbine,  b.  f.,  foaled  1828,  bred  by  Mr.  Wreford ;  imported  by 
Mr.  W.  T.  Head ;  owned  by  Mnnson  Beach,  Esq.,  Ohio.  By 
Middleton.  1st  dam  Finchley  mare  by  Finchley ;  2d  dam  by 
Stamford ;  3d  dam  sister  to  Star  by  Highflyer ;  4tli  dam  by 
Snap ;  5tli  dam  Eiddle  l)y  Matchem ;  6th  dam  by  Scpiirt ;  7tli 
dam  by  Mogul ;  8th  dam  Camilla  by  Bay  Bolton ;  9th  dam  Old 
Lady  by  Pullein's  Chestnut  Arabian ;  10th  dam  by  RockAvood; 
11th  dam  by  Bustler. 

Wombat,  br.  f.,  foaled  1858,  bred  by  Lord  Londesborough ;  im- 
ported by  J.  R.  Smith,  Jr.,  New  York,  1868.  By  West  Aus- 
tralian. Dam  by  Irish  Birdcatcher ;  2d  dam  Mickleton  Maid  by 
Velocipede ;  3d  dam  Maid  of  Lune  by  Whisker ;  4th  dam  Gil)- 
side  Fairy  by  Hermes ;  otli  dam  Vicissitude  by  Pipator ;  6th 
dam  Beatrice  by  Sir  Peter ;  7th  dam  Pyrrha  by  Matchem ;  8th 
dam  Duchess  by  Whitestone;  9th  dam  Miss  Slamerkin  by 
Young  True  Blue;  10th  dam  by  Lord  Oxford's  Dun  Arabian,' 
nth  dam  D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Royal  mare. 

Zephyeina,  b.  t,  foaled  1833,  bred  by  Mr.  Gifford;  imported  by 

.      By  Filho-da-Puta.      1st  dam  ZcphjTina  by  Middle- 

thorpe  ;  2d  dam  Pagoda  by  Sir  Peter ;  3d  dam  Rupee  by  Cori- 
ander ;  4th  dam  Matron  by  Florizel;  5th  dam  Maiden  by 
Matchem  ;  0th  dam  by  Squirt ;  7th  dam  by  Mogul. 

Zone  (sister  to  Zodiac),  br.  f.,  foaled  1850,  bred  by  Mr.  John  Os- 
borne; owned  by  R.  A.  Alexander;  imported  by  Kentucky 
Importing  Company.  By  The  Cure.  1st  dam  Starlight  by 
Kremhn;  2d  dam  Evening  Star  by  Touchstone;  3d  dam 
Bertha  by  RuIdcus;  4th  dam  Boadicea  by  Alexander;  5th  dam 
Brunette  by  Amaranthus ;  6th  dam  Mayfly  by  Matchem ;  7th 
dam  Starling  mare  by  Ancaster  Starling ;  8th  dam  by  Grass- 
hopper; 9th  dam  by  Newton's  Bay  Arabian;  10th  dam  Ijy 
Pert;  11th  dam  by  St.  Martins;  12th  dam  by  Sir  E.  Hale's 
Arabian  ;  13  th  dam  by  Old  Field  mare. 

The  following  were  imported  by  Mr.  R.  W.  Cameron,  and  thirty- 
four  out  of  the  thirty-nine  head  lost,  December,  1866.  Much  was 
expected  from  the  blood  stock  purchased  by  Mr.  Cameron,  in  Eng- 
land, for  importation  to  this  country.  The  animals  were  selected 
with  care,  and  the  high  strains,  had  they  survived  the  storms  of  the 


656  THE  HOESE. 

sea,  would  have  greatly  improved  and  advanced  the  stock  interests 
of  America.  It  was  the  largest  importation  ever  attempted,  there- 
fore the  loss  is  all  the  more  serious.  The  horses,  thirty-nine  in  all, 
were  placed  on  board  the  screw  steamer  Helvetia,  hound  from  Liver- 
pool to  New  York,  on  the  6tli  of  December.  We  give  their  names 
and  pedigrees  as  follows : 

Silence,  2  years,  b.  f.,  by  Knight  of  Kars,  out  of  Whist. 
'     Mavourneen,  2  years,  b.  £,  by  Newminster,  out  of  Patience,  by 
Lanercost. 

Peeress,  4  years,  b.  f.,  by  Newminster,  out  of  Mainbrace. 

Antipodes,  2  years,  br.  c,  by  Young  Melbourne,  out  of  Aqua- 
marine. 

Begum,  3  years,  b.  f.,  by  Lambton,  out  of  Christabelle. 

Mrs.  Somerville,  6  years,  b.  m.,  by  Kingston,  out  of  Altitude ; 
covered  by  Macaroni. 

May  Flower,  9  years,  ch.  m.,  by  The  Nabob,  her  dam  l)y  Faugh-a- 
Ballagh,  out  of  Julia. 

Persian  Kose,  8  years,  b.  or  br.  m.,  by  Sweetmeat,  out  of  Creeping 
Rose  ;  covered  by  Prime  Minister. 

Flowery  Land,  3  years,  b.  f.,  by  Promised  Land,  out  of  Adulation ; 
covered  by  Buckenham. 

Bonnibelle,  7  years,  br.  m.,  by  West  Australian,  out  of  Gayfield ; 
covered  by  Buckenham. 

Piano,  4  years,  br.  f.,  by  Fandango,  out  of  Aspasia;  covered  by 
Port  Royal. 

Maid  of  Melrose,  8  years,  b.  m.,  by  Newminster,  out  of  Belsay; 
covered  by  Skirmisher. 

A  chestnut  mare,  9  years,  by  a  son  of  Pyrrhus  the  First  and  Con- 
spiracy, out  of  So  Nice ;  covered  by  Buckenham. 

A  brown  fdly,  3  years,  by  Leamington,  out  of  Annie  Laurie ; 
covered  by  Thunderbolt. 

Juniper,  10  years,  b.  m.,  by  Bay  Middleton,  out  of  The  Fawn ; 
covered  by  Underhand. 

Veronica,  9  years,  b.  m.,  by  Cruiser,  out  of  Speedwell ;  covered 
by  Underhand. 

Surprise,  3  years,  ch.  f.,  by  St.  Albans,  out  of  Twitter;  covered 
by  Bacchus. 

Emily  de  Lona,  7  years,  br.  m.,  by  Sweetmeat,  out  of  Sangfroid ; 
covered  by  Dollar. 

Buttress,  6  years,  b.  m.,  by  Rifleman,  dam  (foaled  in  1852)  by 
Sleight-of-Hand ;  out  of  Galloper's  dam ;  covered  by  Newminster. 


LIST    OF    IMPORTED    MARES.  657 

A  chestnut    mare,    10    years,  by  Bandy,  out  of   Danceaway; 
covered  by  Dollar. 

Mulse,  7  years,  b.  m.,  by  Yellow  Jack,  dam  by  Nutwith,  out  of 
Tophano ;  covered  by  Optimist. 

Carbine,  8  years,  b.  m.,  by  Eifleman,  out  of  Troica ;  covered  by 
Dollar. 

Rambling  Mary,  2  years,  ch.  f.,  by  St.  Albans,  out  of  Rambling 
Kate ;  covered  by  Thormanby. 

A  bay  mare,  8  years,  by  Hobbie  Noble,  out  of  Bangle ;  covered 
by  Claret. 

Lady  Cochrane,  4  years,  br.   f.,   by  Voltigeur,  out  of  Latona; 
covered  by  Port  Royal. 

Lady  Well,  10  years,  br.  m,,  by  Kingston,  out  of  Little  Jenny ; 
covered  by  Underhand. 

White  Rose  of  York,  9  years,  ch.  m.,  by  Connaught  Ranger,  out 
of  Dame  Cesser ;  covered  by  Underhand. 

Volucris,  8  years,  br.  m.,  by  Voltigeur,  dam  by  The  Doctor,  out  of 
Gray  Araby ;  covered  by  Thunderbolt. 

Come  Arouse,  10  years,  b.  m.,  by  Chanticleer,  dam  by  The  Sad- 
dler, out  of  Stays ;  covered  by  Citadel. 

Elfrida,  13  years,  br.  m.,  by  Faugh-a-Ballagh,  out  of  Espoir; 
covered  by  Thormanby. 

Birague,  4  years,  b.  g.,  by  Newminster,  out  of  The  Jewess. 

A  brown  yearling  filly,  by  Windhound,  out  of  Casemate. 

A  bay  yearling  colt,  by  St.  Albans,  out  of  Jerusalem. 

A  bay  yearling  colt,  by  Marionette,  out  of  Bapta. 

A  bay  colt  foal,  by  Old  Calabar,  out  of  Lady  Well. 


No.  I. 
PEDIGREE  OF  ENGLISH  ECLIPSE. 

Eclipse,  chestnut  colt,  bred  by  His  Royal  Highness  tbe  Duke  of  Cumber- 
land, in  1764,  by  Marske. 

1st  dam,  Spiletta,  by  Regulus. 

3d      "     Mother  Western,  by  Smith's  Son  of  Snake. 

3d      "  "  "  "  Lord  D'Arcy's  Old  Montague. 

4th    "  "  "  "   Hautboy. 

5th    "  "  "  "   Brimmer. 

Eclipse  was  so  called,  not  because  he  eclipsed  all  his  competitors,  but  from 
having  been  foaled  during  the  great  eclipse  in  1764. 

Marske,  br.  c,  foaled  1750,  by  Squirt,  dam  by  Blacklegs,  her  dam  by  Bay 
Bolton,  Fox  Cub,  Coneyskins,  Hutton's  Grey  Barb,  Hutton's  Royal  Colt, 
Byerly  Turk,  Bustler. 

Regulus,  foaled  1739,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  his  dam.  Grey  Robinson, 
by  the  Bald  Galloway,  grandam  by  Snake,  out  of  Old  Wilkes,  a  daughter  of 
Old  Hautboy. 

Smith's  Son  of  Snake,  by  Snake. 

Old  Montague. 

Hautboy,  by  White  D'Arcy  Turk,  out  of  a  Royal  Mare. 

Brimmer,  by  the  YeUow  Turk,  out  of  a  Royal  Mare. 


No.  11. 
PEDIGREE  OF  IMP.  DIOMED,  SIRE  OF  SIR  ARCHY. 

DiOMED,  ch,  c,  foaled  1777,  by  Florizel,  bred  by  Sir  C.  Bunbury,  and  im- 
ported into  Virginia  in  1799,  when  22  years  of  age.  He  died  tlie  property  of 
Col.  Hoomes,  in  1808,  aged  31  years. 

1st  dam,  sister  to  Juno,  by  Spectator. 
2d  "  "  "  Horatius,  by  Blank. 
3d    "         "      "         "         "   Childers. 

4tli  "  Miss  Bel  voir,  by  Grey  Qrantliam. 
5tli  "         "         "         "    Paget  Tui-k. 

6th  "  Betty  Percival,  by  Leeds'  Arabian. 
7th  "         "  "  "    Spanker. 

Florizel,  by  Herod,  dam  by  Cygnet,  her  dam  by  Cartouch,  grandam.  Ebony, 
by  Childers,  out  of  Old  Ebony,  by  Basto,  The  Massey  Mare. 

Spectator,  by  Crab,  dam  by  Partner,  her  dam  Bonny  Lass,  by  Bay  Bolton, 
Barley's  Arabian,  Byerly  Turk,  Taflfolet  Barb,  Place's  White  Turk,  Natural 
Barb  Mare. 

Blank,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  out  of  the  Little  Hartley  Mare,  by  Bart- 
let's  Childers,  she  out  of  Flying  Whig,  by  William's  Woodstock  Arabian,  St. 
Victor  Barb,  Why-not  (son  of  the  Fenwick  Barb),  Royal  Mare. 

Childers  (Flying,  or  Devonshire),  by  Barley's  Arabian,  Betty  Leedes,  by 
Careless,  Sister  to  Leedes,  by  Leedes'  Arabian,  Spanker,  Barb  Mare. 

Grey  Grantham,  by  the  Brownlow  Turk. 
Paget  Turk. 
Leedes'  Arabian. 

Spanker,  by  the  D'Arcy  Yellow  Turk,  his  dam  by  Lord  Fairfax's  Morocco 
Barb,  o;it  of  Bald  Peg,  who  was  got  by  an  Arabian,  out  of  a  Barb  Mare. 


No.  III. 

PEDIGREE  OF  CASTIMIRA,  DM  OF  SIR  ARCHY. 

Castianiea,  br.  f.,  bred  by  Mr.  Popham,  foaled  1796 ;  imported  and  owned 
by  Col.  John  Tayloe,  Mt.  Airy,  Virginia,  by  Rockingham. 

1st  dam,  Tabitha,  by  Trentham. 

2d      "  "  "    Bosphorus. 

4th    "     Sister  to  Grecian  Princess,  by  Wildman's  Forester. 

5th    "  "      "        "  "         by  the  Coalition  Colt. 

6th    "  "      "        "  "  "    Bustard. 

7th    "     Lord  Leigh's  Charming  Molly,  by  Second. 

8th    "     Mr.  Hanger's  Brown  Mare,  by  Stanyan  Arabian. 

9th    "     Gypsey,  by  King  William's  No-tongued  Barb. 
10th    "         "         "    Makeless. 
11th    "     Royal  Mare. 

Rockingham,  by  Highflyer,  out  of  Purity,  by  Matchem,  her  dam  by  Squirt, 
she  out  of  Lot's  dam,  by  Mogul ;  Camilla,  by  Bay  Bolton ;  Old  Lady,  by  Pul- 
leine's  Chestnut  Arabian  ;  Rockwood,  Bustler. 

Trentham,  by  Sweepstakes,  out  of  Miss  South,  by  South,  her  dam  by  Car- 
touch,  out  of  Ebony,  by  Childers ;  Old  Ebony,  by  Basto ;  The  Massey  Mare. 

Wildman's  Forester,  by  Forester,  dam  by  Looby,  out  of  Margery,  by  Part- 
ner, Woodcock,  Makeless,  Brimmer,  Dicky  Pierson,  Burton  Barb  Mare. 

Coalition  Colt,  son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian. 

Bustard,  by  Greyhound,  Makeless,  Wasted  Turk,  Hautboy,  Brimmer. 

Second,  by  Flying  Childers,  dam  by  Basto,  Curwen's  Bay  Barb,  Curwen's 
Spot,  White-legged  Lowther  Barb,  Old  Vintner  Mare. 

Stanyan's  Arabian. 

King  William's  No-tongued  Barb. 

Makeless,  by  the  Oglethorpe  Arabian. 

Royal  Mare. 

Royal  Mares.  King  Charles  the  Second  sent  abroad  the  Master  of  the 
Horse,  to  procure  a  number  of  foreign  horses  and  mares  for  breeding,  and  the 
mares  brought  over  by  him  (as  also  many  of  their  produce)  have  since  been 
called  Royal  Mares. 


Ko.  IV. 
PEDIGREE  OF  IMP.  LEVIATHAN. 

Leviathan  (formerly  called  Mezereon),  cli.  c,  foaled  1823,  bred  by  Mr 
Painter,  and  imported  by  James  Jackson  &  Co.  into  Alabama,  1830  ;  by  Muley. 

1st  dam,  by  Windle. 

2d      "       "    Anvil. 

3d      "      "    Virago  (Saltram's  dam),  by  Snap. 

4tli    "      "    Regulus. 

Stb    "      sister  to  Black  and  all  Black,  by  Crab. 

6tli    "      Miss  Slamerkin,  by  Yovmg  True  Blue. 

7tb    "       Oxford  Arabian. 

8th    "      Miss  D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Eoyal  Mare. 

Muley,  by  OrviUe,  out  of  Eleanor,  by  Whiskey,  her  dam  Young  Giantess 
(Sorceress'  dam),  by  Diomed  ;  Giantess,  by  Matchem  ;  Molly  Long-legs,  by  Ba- 
bvaham  ;  Coles  Foxhunter,  sister  to  Cato,  by  Partner;  sister  to  Roxana,  by  the 
Bald  Galloway ;  sister  to  Chanter,  by  the  Akaster  Turk ;  Leedes'  Arabian, 
Spanker. 

Windle,  by  Beningbrough,  out  of  Mary  Ann,  by  Sir  Peter  ;  Young  Marske ; 
Matchem ;  sister  to  Antelope,  by  Young  Belgrade  ;  Scarborough  Colt  Mare  ; 
Bartlet's  Childers  ;  Devonshire  Turk  ;  Curwen's  Barb  ;  Old  Spot ;  Woodcock. 

Anvil,  by  Herod,  dam  by  Feather,  her  dam  Crazy,  by  Lath  ;  sister  to  Snip, 
by  Childers;  sister  to  Soreheels,  by  Basto;  (sister  to  the  Mixbury  Galloway) 
by  the  Curweu  Bay  Barb ;  Curwen  Spot ;  White-legged  Lowther  Barb ;  Old 
Vintner  Mare. 

Snap,  by  Snip,  dam  sister  to  Slipby,  by  Fox,  her  dam  Gipsey,  by  Bay  Bolton ; 
Duke  of  Newcastle's  Turk  ;  Byerly  Turk ;  Taffolet  Barb ;  Place's  White  Turk  ; 
Natural  Barb  Mare. 

Regulus,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  dam  Grey  Robinson,  by  the  Bald  Gal- 
loway ;  Snake  ;  Old  Wilkes,  a  daughter  of  Old  Hautboy. 

Crab,  by  Alcock's  Arabian,  sister  to  Soreheels,  by  Basto,  see  Anvil's  pedigree. 

Young  True  Blue,  by  William's  Turk,  dam  by  Byerly. 

Oxford  Arabian. 

Miss  D'Arcy's  Black -legged  Royal  Mare. 


No.  V. 
PEDIGREE  OF  IMP.  PRIAM. 

Priam,  bay  colt,  foaled  1827,  by  Emilias,  bred  by  Mr.  W.  Cliifney,  and  im- 
ported in  1837,  by  Messrs.  Merritt,  of  Virginia. 

1st  dam,  Cressida  (sister  to  Eleanor),  by  Whiskey. 

2d      "      Young  Giantess,  by  Diomed.  ^ 

3d      "      Giantess,  by  Matchem.  V    '  [fr 

4tli    "      Molly  Long-legs,  by  Babraham.  ^^s  '4 

5tli    "      by  Coles'  Foxliunter.  ^  •.  !. 

Ctli    "      sister  to  Cato,  by  Partner.  *'- 

7th.    "      sister  to  Roxana,  by  Bald  Galloway. 

Stb    "      sister  to  Chant  3r,  by  Akaster  Turk.  ' 

9th    "     by  Leedes'  Arabian.  j 

10th    "      "    Spanker.  | 

Emilias,  by  Orville,  out  of  Emily,  by  Stamford,  her  dam   by  Whiskey,  out  ^yi 

of  Grey  Dorimant,  by  Dorimant ;  Dizzy,  by  Blank  ;  Dizzy,  by  Driver ;    Smiling 
Tom  ;  Oysterfoot ;  Merlin  ;  Commoner  ;  Coppin  Mare. 

Whiskey,  by  Saltram,  out  of  Calash,  by  Herod,  her  dam  Teresa,  by  Match- 
em  ;  Regulus;  sister  to  the  Ancaster  Starling,  by  Starling;  Ringbone,  by 
Partner  ;  Croft's  Bay  Barb  ;  Makeless  ;  Brimmer ;  Dicky  Pierson  ;  Burton  Barb 
Mare. 

Diomed  pedigree,  in  full,  see  No.  3. 

Matchem  by  Cade,  dam  by  Partner,  her  dam  by  Makeless ;  Brimmer ; 
Place's  White  Turk  ;  Dodsworth;  Laytou  Barb  Mare. 

Babraham,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  out  of  the  Large  Hartley  Mare,  by 
Mr.  Hartley's  Blind  Horse  ;  Flying  Whig,  by  William's  Woodstock  Arabian  ; 
St.  Victor  Barb  ;  Why-not  (son  of  the  Fenvvick  Barb) ;  Royal  Mare. 

Cole's  Foshunter,  by  Brisk  (son  of  Darley's  Arabian),  out  of  the  Rutland 
Brown  Betty,  by  Basto,  out  of  the  Massey  Mare,  grandam  of  Ebony. 

Partner,  by  Jigg,  dam  sister  to  Mixbury,  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  Old  Spot ; 
White-legged  Lowther  Barb ;  Old  Vintner  Mare. 

Bald  Galloway,  by  St.  Victor's  Barb,  dam  by  Why-not,  out  of  a  Royal  Mare. 

Akaster  Turk. 

Leedes'  Arabian. 

Spanker,  by  the  D'Arcy  Yellow  Turk,  dam  by  Lord  Fairfax's  Morocco  Barb, 
out  of  Bald  Peg,  by  Arabian,  out  of  a  Barb  Mare. 


x 


No.  VI. 
PEDIGKEE  OF  IMP.  GLENCOE. 


Glencoe,  ch.  c,  foaled  1831,  by  Sultan,  bred  by  Lord  Jersey,  and  imported 
by  James  Jackson  of  Florence,  Ala.,  in  1836. 

1st  dam,  Trampoline,  by  Tramp. 

2d      "      Web,  by  Waxy. 

3d      "      Penelope,  by  Trumpator. 

4tli    "      Prunella,  by  Highflyer. 

5th    '•      Promise,  by  Snap. 

6th    "      Julia,  by  Blank. 

7th    "      Spectator's  dam,  by  Partner. 

Btli    "      Bonny  Lass,  by  Bay  Bolton. 

9th    "  "  "       "    Barley's  Arabian. 

10th    "  "  "       "   Byerly  Turk. 

11th    "  "  "       "   Taflfolet  Barb. 

12th    "  "  "       "   Place's  Wliite  Turk.  > 

13th    "      Natural  Barb  Mare. 

Sultan,  by  Selim,  out  of  Bacchante,  by  Williamson's  Ditto,  her  dam, 
sister  to  Calomel,  by  Mercury  ;  Herod ;  Folly,  by  Marske ;  Vixen,  by  Regulus  ; 
Hutton's  Spot ;  Fox's  Cub ;  Bay  Bolton ;  Coneyskin ;  Hutton's  Grey  Barb ; 
Byerly  Turk ;  Bustler. 

Tramp,  by  Dick  Andrews,  dam  by  Gohanna,  her  dam  Fraxinella,  by  Trent- 
ham  ;  Woodpecker ;  Everlasting,  by  Eclipse ;  Hysena,  by  Snap  ;  Miss  Belsea, 
by  Regulus ;  Bartlet's  Childers  ;  Byerly  Turk ;  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues. 

Waxy,  by  Pot-8-o's,  out  of  Maria,  by  Herod,  her  dam  Lisette,  by  Snap,  out 
of  Miss  Windsor,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian ;  sister  to  "Volunteer,  by  Young 
Belgrade  ;  Bartlet's  Childers  ;  Devonshire  Chestnut  Arabian  ;  Sister  to  Westbury 
by  the  Curwen  Bay  Barb  ;  Old  Spot ;  Woodcock. 

Trumpator,  by  Conductor,  out  of  Brunette  by  Squirrel,  her  dam  Dove  by 
Matchless  ;  Ancaster  Starling  ;  Grasshopper ;  Sir  M.  Newton's  Bay  Arabian  ; 
Pert ;  St.  Martin's  ;  Sir  J.  Hale's  Turk  ;  The  Oldfield  Mare. 

Highflyer,  by  Herod,  out  of  Rachel,  by  Blank,  her  dam  by  Regulus  ;  Sore- 
heels  ;  Makeless  ;  C.  D'Arcy's  Royal  Mare. 

Snap,  by  Snip,  dam  sister  to  Slipby,  by  Fox,  her  dam  Gypsey,  by  Bay  Bol- 
ton ;  Duke  of  Newcastle's  Turk ;  Byerly  Turk  ;  Taffblet  Barb  ;  Place's  White 
Turk  ;  Natural  Barb  Mare. 

Blank,  by  Godolphin  Arabian,  out  of  Little  Hartley  Mare,  by  Bartlet'4 
Cliilders,  her  dam  Flying  Wliig  by  William's  Woodstock  Arabian ;  St.  Victoi 
Barb  ;  Why-not  (son  of  the  Fenwick  Barb) ;  Royal  Mare. 

Partner,  by  Jigg,  dam  sister  to  Mixbury  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;  Old  Spot^ 
White-legged  Lo%vther  Barb  ;  Old  Vintner  Mare. 

Bay  Bolton,  by  Grey  Hautboy,  dam  by  Makeless  ;  Brimmer ;  Diamond  ;  sis- 
ter to  Merlin. 

Darley's  Arabian. 

Byerly  Turk. 

Taffolet  Barb. 

Place's  White  Turk. 

Natural  Barb  Mare. 


No.  VII. 
PEDIGREE  OF  TRUSTEE. 

TRUf5TEE,  ch.  c,  foaled  1829,  by  Catton,  bred  by  Mr.  Ridsdale,  and  imported, 
in  1835,  by  Captain  Stockton,  U.  S.  N.,  of  New  Jersey. 

1st  dam,  Emma,  by  Whisker. 

2d     "      Gibside  Fairy,  by  Hermes. 

3d      "      Vicissitude,  by  Pipator. 

4tb    "      Beatrice,  by  Sir  Peter  Teazle. 

5tli    "      Pyrrha,  by  Matchem. 

6th    "      Duchess,  by  Whitenose. 

7th    "     Miss  Slamerkin,  by  Young  True  Blue. 

8th    "        "  "  "  Oxford's  Dun  Arabian. 

9th    "        "  "  "  D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Royal  Mare. 

Catton,  foaled  1809,  by  Golumpus,  dam  Lucy  Gray,  by  Timothy,  her  dam 
Lucy,  by  Florizel,  out  of  Frenzy,  by  Eclipse ;  Engineer ;  Blank ;  Lass  of  the 
Mill,  by  Traveller ;  Miss  Makeless,  by  Yoimg  Greyhound ;  Partner ;  Woodcock  ; 
Crofts'  Bay  Barb  ;  Makeless  ;  Brimmer  ;  Dicky  Pierson  ;  Burton  Barb  Mare. 

Whisker,  by  Waxy,  dam  Penelope  by  Trumpator,  her  dam  Prunella  by 
Highflyer,  out  of  Promise,  by  Snap  ;  Julia,  by  Blank ;  Spectator  dam  by  Part- 
ner ;  Bonny  Lass,  by  Bay  Bolton  ;  Darley's  Arabian  ;  Byerly  Turk  ;  Taffolet 
Barb  ;  Place's  White  Turk  ;  Natural  Barb  Mare. 

Hermes,  by  Mercury,  out  of  Rosina  by  Woodpecker,  her  dam  Petworth  by 
Herod,  out  of  Golden  Grove  by  Blank  ;  Spinster,  by  Partner ;  Bloody  Buttocks  ; 
Greyhound  ;  Makeless ;  Brimmer ;  Place's  White  Turk  ;  Dodsworth  ;  Layton 
Barb. 

Pipator,  by  Conductor,  dam  Brunette  by  Squirrel,  her  dam  by  Matchless  ; 
Ancaster  Starling  ;  Grasshopper ;  Sir  M.  Newton's  Bay  Arabian  ;  Pert ;  St.  Mar- 
tins ;  Sir  E.  Hales's  Turk  ;  The  Old  Field  Mare. 

Sir  Peter  Teazle,  by  Highflyer,  dam  Papillon  by  Snap,  her  dam  Miss  Cleve- 
land, by  Regulus  ;  Midge,  by  a  sou  of  Bay  Bolton  ;  Bartlet's  Childers ;  Honey- 
wood's  Arabian  ;  True  Blues  Dam. 

Matchem,  by  Cade,  dam  by  Partner,  her  dam  by  Makeless ;  Brimmer ; 
Place's  White  Turk  ;  Dodsworth  ;  Layton  Barb  Mare. 

Whitenose,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  dam  sister  to  Blaze  by  Childers  ; 
Confederate  Filly,  by  Grey  Grantham  ;  Duke  of  Rutland's  Black  Barb  ;  Bright 
Roan ;  Young  True  Blue,  by  William's  Turk,  dam  by  Byerly ;  Oxford  Dun 
Arabian. 

D'Arcy's  Black-legged  Royal  Mare. 


No.  VIIL 
PEDIGREE  OF  AMERICM  ECLIPSE. 

American  Eclipse,  ch.  c,  bred  by  Gen.  Nathaniel  Coles,  at  Dosoris,  Queens 
County,  Long  Island,  foaled  May  25 tb,  1814,  by  Duroc. 

1st  dam,  Miller's  Damsel,  by  Imp.  Messenger. 

2d      "      Imp.  Mare,  by  Pot-8-o's. 

Sd      "        "        "        "   Gimcrack. 

4tb    "      Snap  Dragon,  by  Snap. 

5th    "        "  "         "   Regulus. 

6th    "        "  "         "   Bartlet's  Childers. 

Ttli    "        "  "         "   Honeywood's  Arabian. 

8th    '•        "  "      dam  of  the  Two  True  Blues,  by  Byerly. 

Duroc,  by  Imp.  Diomed,  dam  Amanda,  by  Grey  Diomed,  her  dam  by  Virginia 
Cade  ;  Hickman's  Independence  ;  Dolly  Fine,  by  Imp.  Silver  Eye  ;  Imp.  Badger; 
Forester  ;  Imp.  Silver  Eye  ;  Imp.  Monkey. 

Imp.  Messenger,  by  Mambrine,  dam  by  Turf,  she  out  of  sister  to  Figurante 
by  Regulus  ;  by  Starling  ;  Snap's  dam  by  Fox ;  Gipsey,  by  Bay  Bolton  ;  Duke  of 
Newcastle's  Turlv  ;  Byerly  Turk  ;  TafFoIet  Barb ;  Place's  White  Turk  ;  Natural 
Barb  Mare. 

Pot-8-o's,  by  Eclipse,  out  of  Sportmistress,  by  Warren's  Sportsman,  her  dam 
Golden  Locks,  by  Oroonoko  ;  Valiant's  dam  by  Crab ;  by  Partner  ;  Thwait's  Dun 
Mare,  by  Akaster  Turk. 

Gimcrack,  by  Cripple,  out  of  Miss  Elliott,  by  Gresiwood's  Partner,  her  dam 
Cselia,  by  Partner ;  Bloody  Buttocks  ;  Greyhound  ;  Brocklesby  Betty,  by  Curwen's 
Bay  Barb  ;  Leedes'  Hobby  Mare,  by  the  Lister  Turk. 

Snap  by  Snip,  dam  by  Fox,  her  dam  Gipsey  by  Bay  Bolton  ;  Duke  of  New- 
castle's Turk  ;  Byerly  Turk  ;  Taffolet  Barb  ;  Place's  White  Tui-k  ;  Natural  Barb 
Mare. 

Regains,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  out  of  Grey  Robinson,  by  the  Bald  Gal 
loway ;  by  Snake  ;  Old  V/ilkes,  by  Old  Hautboy. 

Bartlet's  Childers,  by  Darley's  Arabian,  out  of  Betty  Leedes,  by  Careless  ; 
sister  to  Leedes,  by  Leedes'  Arabian ;  Spanker ;  Barb  Mare,  which  was  Spank- 
er's dam. 

Honeywood  Arabian. 

Byerly  Turk. 


Ko.  IX. 
PEDIGREE  OF  BOSTON. 

BosTOX,  ell.  c,  bred  by  J.  Wickham,  Richmond,  Va.,  foaled  1833,  by  Timo- 
leon. 

1st  dam,  sister  to  Tuckahoe,  by  Ball's  Florizel. 

2d      "        "       "  "  "    Imp.  Alderman. 

8d      "        "       "  "  "    Imp.  Clockfast. 

4tli    "        "       "  "  "    Symmes  Wildair. 

5th.    ''      Young  Kitty  Fislier,  by  Imp.  Fearnouglit. 

6tli    "      Imp.  Kitty  Fislier,  by  Cade. 

7tli    "        "        "  "        '•■   Cullen  Arabian. 

8tli    "      Bald  Charlotte,  by  Old  Royal. 

9th    "        "  "  "    Bethell's  Castaway. 

10th    "        "  "  "    Brimmer. 

Timoleon,  by  £ir  Arcliy,  dam  by  Imp.  Saltram,  her  dam  by  Symmes  Wildair ; 
Imp.  Driver ;  Imp.  Fearnought ;  Imp.  Fellow  (son  of  Cade) ;  Imp.  Vampire. 

Ball's  Florizel,  by  Imp.  Diomed,  dam  by  Imp.  Shark,  her  dam  by  Harris' 
Eclipso ;  Imp.  Fearnoug-ht ;  Imp.  Jolly  Roger  ;  Imp.  Sober  John  ;  Imp.  Shock. 

Imp.  Alderman,  by  Pot-8-o's,  out  of  Lady  Bolingbrokc,  by  Squirrel,  her  dam 
Cypron  (King  Herod's  dam),  by  Blaze  ;  Selima,  by  Bethell's  Arabian ;  Gra- 
ham's Champion  ;  Parley's  Arabian  ;  Merlin. 

Imp.  Clockfast,  by  Gimcrack,  dam  Miss  Ingram,  by  Regulus,  her  dam  Miss 
Doe,  by  Sedbury  ;  Miss  Mayes,  by  Bartlet's  Childers  ;  by  Snake ;  by  Luggs ;  Dan- 
iel's Old  Vv'oodcock. 

Symmes  Wildair,  by  Imp.  Fearnought,  dam  by  Imi?.  Jolly  Roger,  her  dam 
Imp.  Kitty  Fisher,  by  Cade,  which  see  above. 

Imp.  Fearnought,  by  Regulus;  out  of  Silvertail,  by  Mr.  Heneage's  White- 
nose,  her  dam  by  Rattle ;  Darley's  Arabian  ;  Old  Child  Mare,  by  Sir  T.  Gres- 
ley's  Bay  Arabian ;  Mr.  Cook's  Vixen,  by  the  Helrasley  Tui'k  ;  Dod worth's 
Royal  Mare. 

Cade,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  out  of  Roxana,  by  the  Bald  Galloway,  her 
dam  sister  to  Chanter,  by  the  Akaster  Turk  ,  Leedes'  Arabian ;  Spanker. 

The  Cullen  Arabian. 

Old  Royal  by  the  Holderness  Turk  ;  Blunderbuss  ;  Royal  Mare. 

Bethell's  Castaway,  by  Merlin,  sister  to  Mr.  Bethell's  Ruffler,  by  a  son  of 
Brimmer's  ;  Dick  Burton's  Mare,  whose  pedigree  has  been  long  lost. 

Brimmer,  by  the  Yellow  Tm-k ;  Royal  Maxe. 


No.  X. 

PEDIGREE  OF  FASfflON. 

Fashion,  cli.  f.,  foaled  1837,  bred  by  Wm.  Gibbons,  of  New  Jersey ;  owned 
afterwards  by  Messrs.  Reber  &  Kutz,  Lancaster,  Ohio,  by  Imported  Trustee. 

1st  dam.  Bonnets  O'Blue,  by  Sir  Charles. 

2d      "      Reality,  by  Sir  Archy. 

3d     "  "         "  Imp.  Medley. 

4th    "  "         "  Mark  Anthony. 

5th    "  "  "   Imp.  Janus. 

6th    '•  "  "   Imp.  Monkey. 

7th    "  "         "  Imp.  Silver  Eye 

8th    "  "         "   Spanker.  , 

Trustee  pedigree,  see  No.  7. 

Sir  Charles,  by  Sir  Archy,  dam  by  Imp.  Citizen,  her  dam  by  Commutation  ; 
Imp.  Dare  Devil ;  Sally  Shark,  by  Imp.  Shark ;  Betsey  Pringle,  by  Imp.  Fear- 
nought ;  Imp.  Jenny  Dismal,  by  Old  Dismal,  son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  her 
dam  by  Lord  Godolphin's  Whitefoot. 

Sir  Archy,  by  Imp.  Diomed,  dam  Imp.  Castianera,  by  Rockingham,  see  Nos. 
2  and  4. 

Imp.  Medley,  by  Gimcrack,  dam  Arminda,  by  Snap,  her  dam  Miss  Cleveland, 
by  Regulus  ;  Midge;  Bartlet's  Childers ;  Honeywood's  Arabian  ;  dam  of  the 
Two  True  Blues. 

Mark  Anthony,  by  Partner,  dam  Imp.  Septima,  by  Imp.  Othello,  her  dam 
Moll  Brazen,  by  Cub  ;  Torrismond  ;  Second  ;  Mogul ;  Sweepstakes  ;  Bay  Bolton ; 
Curwen's  Bay  Barb ;   Curwen's  Old  Spot ;  White-legged  Lowther  Barb. 

Imp.  Janus,  by  Janus  (son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian),  dam  by  Old  Fox, 
grandam  by  Bald  Galloway. 

Imp.  Monkey,  by  Lord  Lonsdale's  Bay  Arabian,  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb  ; 
Byerly  Tm-k  ;  Arabian  Mare. 

Imp.  Silver  Eye,  by  Cullen's  Arabian,  dam  by  Curwen's  Bay  Barb  ;  Byerly 
Turk  ;  Curwen's  Spot ;  White-legged  Lowther  Barb  ;  Old  Vintner  Mare. 

Spanker,  by  D'Arcy's  Yellow  Turk,  dam  by  Lord  Fairfax''s  Morocco  Barb ; 
Bald  Peg,  by  an  Arabian  ;  Barb  Mare. 


^ 


